RATES OF ADVERTIS
Tone lines or less constitute half a square. Ten 11001
or more than four, constitute a square.
aeitaq.,oneday - —.80.25 One sq., one day
u...—. $0.50
one week.-- 1.00 " one week.—. 1.25
a one month- . 2.00 " one month... 3.00
it -three months. 3.00 " three months. 6.00
, E sixmonths.L.. 4.00 " six months.- 8.00
.. one year-- 5.00
cc one year. —. 10.00
11:7 - Business notices inserted in the toast coma, or
before marriages and deaths, FITS 0 SETS PER LINE for each
insertion. To mercbantsand others advertising by theyear
liberalte. IS will be offered.
lEr Inie numberof insertions must be designatedon the
ilvertisement.
E' narrMges and Deana will be inserted at the NMI
ease regular thortissineuts.
- , _ ,
Bookg, ,i:5 - tatioltern, &f.
QCHOOL BOOKS.--Sehool Directors ;
Teachers,Parents, Scholars, and others, in want of
School Books , School Stationery, &c will find a complete
rtm
assoent at E. M. POLLOCK & SON'S BOOK STORE,
Market Square, Harrisburg, comprising in part the follow-
ins—
B.BADSRS.--M&Gurey'a, Parker's, Cobb's. /Omen's
SPELLING BOOKS.—MoGnifey's, Cobb's, Webster'S,
Town's, Byerifs. Combry's.
ENGLISH GRAMMARS .—Bnllion's, Smith's', Wood
bridge's, Monteith,s, Tuthill's, Hart's, Wells'.
lllSTOKlES.—Griir.sliaw's, Davenport's, Frost's,
Will
son's, WilLard's, Goodrich's, Pinnock's, Goldsmith's and
Clark's,
ARlTHMETlC'S.—Greenleaf's, Stoddard's, Rmerson's,
Pike's, Rose's, Colburn's, Smith and Duke's, Davie's.
ALGEBRAS.--GreenleaVs, Davie's, Dars, Ray's,
Br
DlC idge's.
TlONARTS.—Walker's School, Cobb's, Walker,
Worcester's Comprehensive, Worcester's Primary, Web
ster's Primary, Webster's high School, Webster's Quarto,
Academic.
NATURAL PHILOSOPHISE.—ComatocIeI, Parker's,
Swift's. the above with a great variety of others can at
any time be found at my store. Also, a complete assort
ment of School Stationery, embracing in the while a com
plete outfit for school purposes. Any book not in the store.
procured at one days notice.
ID - Country Merchants supplied at wholesale rates.
ALMANACS.-John Baer and Son 7 a Almanac tor sale ai
B. M. POLLOCK Sr: SON'S BOOK STORK, Haarisbng.
itr Wholesale and Retail myl
UPROLSTEA ING.
C. F. VOLLMER
Is prepared to do all kinds of work in the
UPHOLSTERING- BUSINE SS.
Pays particular attention to MARING AND PUTTING
DOWN CARPETS, MAKING AND REPAIRING MAT
TRASSES, REPAIRING FURNITURE, &0., dm. He
can be found at all times at his residence, in the rear of
the William Tell House, corner of Raspberry and Black
berry alleys_ sep2O-dly
LETTER, CAP, NOTE PAPERS,
.1J Pens, Holders, Pencils, Envelopes, Sealing Wax, of
the best quality, at low prices, direct front the mann
factories, at
mar3o
SCHREYER'S CHEAP BOOKSTORE
TAW BOOKS ! LAW BOOKS ! !-A
general assortment of LAW BOOBS, all the State
Reports and Standard Elementary Works, with many of
the old English Reports, scarce and rare, together with
a large assortment of second-hand Law Books, at very
low prices, at the one price Bookstore
LO of
E. M. POLCK. & SON,
Market Square, Harrisburg.
myS
Miscellaneous.
AN ARRIVAL OF
NEW GOODS
APPROPRIATE TO THE SEASON!
BILK LINEN - PAPER
FANS! FANS!! FANS!!!
ANOTHER AND SPLENDID LOT OF
SPLICED FISHING RODS:
Trout Flies, Gat and Hair Snoods, Grass Lines, Silk
and Hair Plaited Lines, and a general assortment of
FISHING TACKLE!
A GREAT 'VARIETY OF
WALKING- CANES!
Which we will sell as cheap as the cheapest!
Silver Head Loaded Sword Hickory Fancy
Canes! Canes! Canes! - Canes! Canes!
KELLF.R 7 S DRUG AND FANCY STORE,
NO. 91 xsawar STREET,
South side. one door east of Fourth street je9.
NV E OFFER TO
CIISTOMERS
A New Lot of
LADIES, PURSE'S,
Of Beautiful Styles, substantiallr made
A Splendid Assortment of
GENTLEMEN'S WALLETS.
A New andplegant Perfume,
KNIGHTS TEM.PiLARS, ISOQUET,
Put up in Cut Glass Engraved Bottles.
A Complete Assortment of]
!HANDKERCHIEF PERFUMES,
Of the best Manufacture.
A very Handsome Variety of
POWDER PUFF BOXES.
KELLER'S DRUG STORE,
91 Market street
3Ygi
CANDLES!!!
PARAFFIN CANDLES,
SPERM CANDLES,
STEARINE CANDLES,
ADAMANTINE CANDLES,
CHEMICAL SPERM CANDLES,
STAR (SUPERIOR) CANDLES,
TALLOW CANDLES.
A largd invoice of the above in store, and for sale at
anus-Ka/14 low rates, by
Witt. DOCK, IR., & CO_,
Opposite the Court House
jaal
GUN AND BLASTING POWDER.
JAMES M. WHEELER,
HARRISBURG. PA.,
•
AGENT FOR ALL
POWDER AND FUSE
itkyurAßymiED BY
E. DUPONT DE NEMOURS dt CO.,
ratmINGTON, DELAWARE.
IrrA large supply always on hand. For sate at manu
iacturer'sprices. Magazine two miles below town.
V"Brders received at Warehouse.
GARDEN SEEDS ! !!!-A FRESH. AND
eosinlls assortment, just received and for sale by
feb2l - • WM. DOCK, dn., & CO.
JUST RECEIVED—A large Stock of
0.1 SCOTCH ALES, BROWN STOUT and LONDON
PORTER. For sale at the lowest rates by
JOHN H. ZIEGLER,
73 Market street.
is:al
FISH!! F 1811.11!
MACKEREL, (Nos. 1, 2 and
SALMON, (very, su.gerior.)
SHAD, New -
and very
HERRING,G (extra large.)
COIIII3II. . .
SMOKED HERRING, (extra Digby.)
SCOTCH HERRING. . • • - •
" • SARDINES AND ANCHOVIES.
Of the above we havii Maekeret inWhole, half, quarter
tad eighth bbls. Herring in whole and half bbls.
The entire la new—maim r'nosi tau FisusaiEs, and
'ill sell them at the lowest market rates_
ss}l4 • • ; -WM. DOCK, In., k. CO.
CHAMPAGNE WINESI
•
DUO DEMONTEBELLO;, ". •
HEIDSLEVE. & CO.,
tITARLItS rturDsitcx, - _
G.1.V5W. 1 4•&
. • ANCROR—SILLERY 1101ISSEUX,
• • -- MUSCATEL,
Mlll4lll'2lE, CON,
VERZENA.Y; ' •
• CABINET.
In store - and for sale by
. -- • 7OHNII. ZIEGLER,
de2o ' T .73 Market street.
TrICKOar VOOD ! I—A Sti.PERIOII , LOT
just receifed, aadlor sate.sirp4inantittesta edit riar=
chasers, by JAMES M. WHEELER.
Also, OAK AND - PINE Cesstantly on; hand
at
the
lowest prices. • . dcc6
"PAMILIE BIBLES, - friini• - 1S to
fftnn s pina hanisomely_tt9alicb - Ptiatei on good paper,
with elegant clear new type., sold at . .
mehal SCHIEf V ZIPS. Cheap Book Ave.
URANBERTLIES I ! !-A SPLENDID LOT
inst received by
°al°
POE a superior and cheap TABLE or
SALAD OIL go to • -
RELLER,'S DRUG STORE.
TREFruit Growers' Handbook—by
WARlNG—rfholesalettiaretail at
atch.3l 'SCHEFFBR'S Bookstore.
S PER M CANDLES.-;—A large supply
just received by - - • - -
stjlB WM. DOCK. & 00.
ELLER'S DRUG STORE isthe place
to Sad taw bast aseertment of Porte Mormaieti.
a IS
FIVE TRAINS DAILY TO & FROM PRILIDELPIII/1
ON AND AFTER
MONDAY, NOVEMBER 26TH, 1860,
The Passenger Trains of the Pennsylvania Railroad Corn
party will depart from and arrive at Harrisburg al 1 1
Philadelphia as follows :
EASTWARD.
THROUGH EXPRESS TRAIN leaves Harrisburg a
2.40 a. m., and arrives at West Philadelphia at 6.50 a. m
FAST LINE leaves Harrisburg at 12.55 p. m., and
arrives at West Philadelphia at 5.00 p. m.
MAIL TRAIN leaves Harrisburg at 5.15 p. m., and ar•
rives at West Philadelphia at 10.20 p. m.
These Trains make close connection at Philadelphia
with the New Fork Lines.
ACCOMMODATION TRAIN, No.l, leaves Harrisburg
at 7.30 a. m., runs via Mount Joy, and arrives at West
Philadelphia at 12.30 p. m.
HARRISBURG ACCOMMODATION leaves Harris
burg at 1.15 p. in., and arrives at West Philadelphia at
6.40 p. m.
ACCOMMODATION TRAIN, N 0.2, leaves llarrisbdrg
at 5.25 p. in., runs via Mount Joy, connecting at Diller
villa with MAIL TRAIN East for Philadelphia.
WESTWARD.
THROUGH EXPRESS TRAIN leaves Philadelphia
10.50 p. in., and arrives at Harrisburg at 3.10 a. in.
MAIL TRAIN leaves Philadelphia at 8.00 a. m., an
arrives at Harrisburg at 1.20 p. m.
LOCAL MAIL TRAIN leaves Harrisburg for Pittsbur
at 7.00 a. in.
FAST LINE leaves Philadelphia at 12.00 noon, and ar
rives at Harrisburg at 4.10 p. m.
HARRISBURG ACCOMMODATION TRAIN leaves
Philadelphia at 2.00 p. in., and arrives at Harrisburg a*
7.35 p. m.
ACCOMMODATION TRAIN leaves Philadelphia
4.00 p. m., and arrives at Harrisburg at 9.45 p. in.
Attention is called to the fact, that passengers leaving
Philadelphia at 4 p. M. connect at Lancaster with
MOUNT JOY ACCOMMODATION TRAIN, and arrive
Harrisburg at 9.45 p. m.
SAMUEL D. YOUNG,
n023-dtf Supt. East. Div. Penn'a Railroad.
W.M. DOCK, In., & CO
- - • . • - 7--
'T.
•
•
t 11
- •
'mac lA
.•
. I " lIIF. ••• • . 1 -
- 11 . • • !-Joo
t 1 ,
attetet
. •
VOL. 3.
Lin:s of eruct.
PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD.
WINTER TIME TABLE
MEW AIR LINE ROUTE
T 0
NEW YORK.
•
Shortest in Distance and quickest in Time
BETWEEN THE TWO CITIES OF
NEW YORK AND HARRISBURG,
VIA
READING, ALLENTOWN AND EASTON
MORNING EXPRESS, West, leaves New York at 0
a. in., arriving at Harrisburg at 1 p. in., only 6% hours
between the two cities.
MAIL LINE leaves New York at 12.00 noon, and as
rives at Harrisburg at 8.15 p. in.
MORNING MAIL LINE, East, leaves Harrisburg
8.00 a. arriving at New York at 6.20 p. in.
AFTERNOON EXPRESS LINE, East, leaves Harris.
burg at 1.15 p. m., arriving at New York at 9.45 p. m.
Connections are made at Harrisburg at 1.00 p. in. with
the Passenger Trains in each direction on the Pennsylvar
nia, Cumberland Valley and Northern Central Railroads
All Trains connect at Reading with Trains for Potts.
ville and Philadelphia, and at Allentown for Mauch
Chunk, Beaton, lc.
No•change of Resseriger Cars or Baggage between New
York and Harrisburg, by the 6.00 a. in. Line from New
York or the 1.15 p. m. from Harrisburg.
For beauty of scenery and speed,.eomfort and .11,CCOM
modation, this Route presents superior inducements to
the traveling public.
FarebetweenNewYorkandHarrisburg,FlVE DOLLARS
For Tickets and other information apply to
J. T. CLYDE, General Agent,
dels Harrisburg.
PHILADELPHIA
AND
READING RAILROAD
WINTER ARRAN G RKENT.
ON AND AFTER DEC. 12, 1860,
TWO PASSENGER TRAINS LEAVE HARRISBURG
DAILY, (Sundays excepted,) at 8.00 A. M., and 115 P.
M., for Philadelphia, arrivingthere at 1.25 P.M., and 6.15
P.M.
RETURNING, LEAVE PHILADELPHIA at 8.00 A.M.
and 8.80 P.M.., arriving at Harrisburg at 1 P. M. and 8.10
P. M.
FARES;—To Philadelphia, No.l Cars, 83.25; No. 2,
Oa same train) $2.75.
PARES Readinr $1.60 and 51.80.
At Reading, connect with trains for Pottavi2a, Waters
villa, Tamaqua, Oatawissa, &c.
FOUR TRAINS LEAVE READING POE PHILADEL-
PHIA DAILY, at 6 A. M., 10.45 A. M.,12.30 noon and
8.43 P. M.
LEAVE PHILADELPHIA FOR READING at 8 K.
LOO P. M., 3.80 P. M., and 5.00 P. k.
FARES;—Reading to Philadelphia, $1.75 and $1.45.
THE MORNING TRAIN FROM HARRISBURG CON.
NEOTS AT READING with up train for Wilkesbarre
Pittston and Scranton. •
For through tickets and other information apply to
J. J. CLYDE,
dels-dtf General Agent.
PHILADELPHIA
AND
READING RAILROAD.
REDUCTION OF PASSENGER FARES,
ON AND AFTER MONDAY, APRIL 2, 1860
all'&iieWAllMAl.f o ll
With 26 Coupons, will be issued between any points
desired, good for the holder and any member of his
family, in any Passenger train,*nd at any time—at 26
per cent. below the regular fares. -
Parties having occasion to use the Road frequently on
business or pleasure, will find the above arrangement
convenient and erenomical; as Four*Passenger trains
run daily each WP7 betaieen Reading and: Philadelphia,
and Two Train , ' esc 'w bfitween Reading,.POttsville and
Ilarrisburg. Or Overlays only one mortungtrain Down.
and one afterr err train lip, runs betwedtt Potteville and
Pltitadelphir and 06 Passenger train on the Lebanon
Valley Brrrrh Railroad. " -* •
For the above Tickets, or any information relating
therete apply to B. Bradford, Esq., Treasurer, Philadel
phia, e the respective Ticket Agents on the line, or to
G. A. NICOLLS, General Snpit.
Marin 2T, 1860.—inar28-dtf
NORTHERN CENTRAL RAILWAY.
Aim
NciTICE.- • •.
•
- CHANGE OF SCREDULE.. -
SP RING A. 1113,:L ' Cr'E LEN T
. ON AND AFTER 'YRIDAYi MARCH Ur, 1861 . .the
Passenger Trains of the. Northern Central Railway will
leive Harrisburg as follows.:• • ' -•
.GOING _SOUTH. 4 •
.ACCQMMODATION TRAIN will leave at.. 3.00 a: m:
.EXPREK TRAIN will leave at • ..-•. 1.40 a. in
MAIL TRAIN will leave at - .... 1.00 p.m.
• • .• -
GOING NORTII
MAIL TRAIN will leave at 1.40 p.lll.
EXPRESS TRAIN will leave at —8.50 p. m.
Thennly•Train leaving Harrisburg on Sunday will te
the ACCOMMODATION TRAIN South. at 3.00 a. m.
For further information npply at the office, in Penn
'vivant% Railroa4 Depot. JOHN W. HALL , Agent.
ladrrisburg;March lst-dtf.
DRIED liFIEF-An extra lot of DRIED
BEEF just received by
noR- WM. DOCK, 7a., & CO,
BURLINGTON HERRTNG
Jitst received by WM. DOCK, Ja., & CO
EMPTY BOTTLES ! ! !—Of all sizes
and descriptions, for sale .ow by
deed WM. DOCK, 3a., & CO.
HARRISBURG, PA., TUESDAY, MARCH 26, 1861.
lirecllaiteoui.
TAKE NOTICE!
That we have recently added to our already full stock
OF SEGARS
LA NORMATIS,
HA.RI KARI,
EL MONO,
LA BANANA.
OF PERFUMERY
FOR THE HA NDKERCHIE F :
TURKISH ESSENCE,
ODOR OP MUSK,
LUBIN'S ESSENCE BOUQUET,
FOR THE HAIR:
EAU LUSTRALE,
CRYSTALIZED POMATUM,
MYRTLE AND VIOLET POMATUM
FOR THE COMPLEXION :
TALC OF VENICE,
ROSE LEAF POWDER,
NEW MOWN HAY POWDER,
BLANC DE PERLES
OF SOAPS:
BASIN'S FINEST
MOSS ROSE,
BENZ OIN,
UPPER TEN,
VIOLET,
NEW MOWN HAY,
JOCKEY mrts.
Having the largest stock and best assortment of Toilet
Articles, we fancy that we are better able than our com
petitors to get up a complete Toilet Set at any price de
sired. Call and see.
Always on hand, a FRESH Stock of DRUGS, MEDI
CINES, CHEMICALS, &c, consequent of our re
ceiving almost daily additions thereto. •
KELLER'S DRUG AND FANCY STORE.
91 Market Street, two doors East of Fourth Street,
sep6 South side.
JACKSON & CO.'S
SHOE STORE,
NO. SOM MARKET STREET,
HAARISBURG, PA.,
Where they intend to devote their entire time to the
manufacture of
BOOTS AND SHOES
Of all kinds and varieties, in the neatest and most fash
ionable styles, and at satisfactory prices.
. Their stock will consist, in part, of Gentlemen's Fine
Calf and Patent Leather Boots and Shoes, latest styles;
Ladies' and Misses' Gaiters, and other Shoes in great
variety; and in fact everything connected with the
Shoe business.
CUSTOMER WORK will be particularly attended to,
and in all cases will satisfaction be warranted. Lasts
fitted up by one of the beet makers in the country.
The long practical experience of the undersigned, and
their thorough knowledge of the business will, they
trust, be sufficient guarantee to the public that they
will do them justice, and furnish them an article tha
will recommend itself for utility, cheapness and dura
bility. [jitn9] • JACKSON & CO.
R ENOVA . L.
JOHN W. GLOVER,
MERCHANT TAILOR !,
Has removed to
60 MARKET STREET,
Where he will be pleased to see all his friend .
oetB-dtf
A NEW FEATURE IN THE SPICE
TRADE!! !
IMPORTANT TO HOUSEKEEPERS!!!
E. R. DURK NE & CO'S SELECT SPICES,
In Tin Poi', , I ,ined with Paper,) and full Weight.—
BLACK PLPPER, GINGER, NUTMEG, WRITE PEP
PER, ALLSPICE, MACE, CAYENNE PEPPER,
CINNAMON, CLOVES, MUSTARD.
amz-rmALYIOAS sprees, - 11 -
with confidence that we introduce to the attention of
Housekeepers these superior and genuine articles. We
guarantee them not only ABSOLUTELY AND PERFECTLY
PURE, but ground from fresh Spices, selected and cleaned
by us expressly for the purpose, without reference to
cost. They are beautifully packed in tinfoil, (lined with
paper.) to prevent injury by keeping, and are FULL
WEIGHT, while the ordinary ground Spices are almost
invariably short. We warrant them, in point of strength
and richness of flavor, beyond all comparison, as a sin
gle trial will abundantly prove.
Every package bears our TRADE MARE.
Manufactured only by E. It. DURKEE & CO., New
York.
For sale by [feb27.] WM. DOCK, SR., & CO.
COAL! COAL!!
ONLY YARD IN TOWN THAT DELIVERS
. COAL BY THE
P A TENT W EIGH CARTS!
NOW IS THE TIME
For every family to get in their supply of Coal for the
winter—weighed at their door by the Patent Weigh
Carts. The accuracy of these Carts no one disputes, and
they never get out of order, as is frequently the case of
the Platform Scales; besides, the consumer has the
satisfaction of proving the weight of his Coal at his
own house.
I have a large supply of Coal on hand, con:.C. - ,t'ug of
S. M. CO.'S MIENS VALLEY COAL all sizes.
LYRENS VALLEY do " "
WILICESBARRE do.
BITUMINOUS BROAD TOP do.
All Coal of the best quality mined, and delivered free
from all impurities, at the lowest rates, by the boat or
car load, single, half or third of tons, and by the bushel.
JAMES M. WHEELER.
Harrisburg, September 24, 1860.—5ep25
SCOTCH WHISKY.—One Puncheon
of PURE SCOTCH WHISKY just received and for
sale by
jaza
HATCH & CO.,
1111
SHIP AGENTS
AND
COMMISSION MERCHANTS,
138 WALNUT STREET, PHILADELPHIA,
• DEALERS IN
FLOUR, GRAIN, PRODUCE, COTTON,
WINES AND LIQUORS,
TOBACCO AND CIGARS.
n0,76-d6m
DYOTTVILLE GLASS WORKS,
PHILADELPHIA,
MANUFACTURE
CARBOYS, DEMIJOHNS,
WINE, PORTER, MINERAL
- . WATER, PICKLE AND
PRESERVE BOTTLES,
OW EVERT DESCRIPTION.
H. B. .k . O. W. BENNERS,
ocl9-dly 27 South Front ateret, Philadelphia.
A . . 0 • 0 S 1 1 I I
. BOTTLED WINES, BRANDIES,
A'1415
LIQUORS OFEVERY DESCRIPTION!
_ Together with a ciomplete assortinea, (wholesale and
retail,) embracing everything in the line, will be sold at
cost, without reserve. ,
janl '• WM. DOCK, 'u., CO.
VALENTINES! VALENTINES ! !
A larke assortment of COMIC and SENTIMENTAL
VALENTINES of different styles and prices. For sale
at SCHEFFER'S BOOKSTORE,
feb9 18 Market Street, Harrisburg, Pa.
TJAVAN A CIGARS.—A Fine Assort
ment, comprising Figaro Zaiagozona, La Suiza,
Bird, Fire• Fly, Etelvina, La Beriuto, Capitolio of all
sizes and qualities, in quarter, one-o , th and one-tenth
boxes, just received, and for sale low bx,
MINH. ZIEGLER,
jan3l. 73 Market Street.
'WELLER'S DRUG STORE is the place
to bnv Dompati,. madielopp
CRANBERRIES—A very Superior lot
at oct26.] WM. DOCK, JY. & Co'B.
JOHN H. ZIEGLER ;
73 Market street
Elt 'patriot Rion.
TUESDAY MORNING. MARCH 2G, 1561
Jacob Leisler—No. 4.
Below will be found number four of the se
ries of letters from the pen of a gentleman of
Philadelphia, heretofore alluded to by us, over
the signature of "Jacob Leisler." We call
the attention of our readers to this letter, be
cause we wish them to have all the light that
can be thrown upon the question of peace, or
war, as involved in the present difficulties in the
country. This letter presents some features of
the case in somewhat of a new light, and there
fore we call attention to it, and we feel satifted it
will be found interesting to the reader:
FELLOW CITIZENS :-It has been shown, in
previous letters of this series, that the sove
reignties which have formally dissolved their
federal relations with the Union of States
formed in 1787, must he regarded as de facto
governments, with whom either a treaty 271213 l be
formed or war waged, unless they can be induced,
by a satisfactory recognition of their equality,
in respect to the rights of persons and property
in the common Territories, to resume their
former connection with the Confederacy. It
has also been shown, that coercion of the States,
which have seceded, or which may secede, under
pretence of enforcing the laws, collecting the
revenue, or any other pretence, by an employ
ment of the naval or military forces of the
United States against them, is not authorized by
the Constitution, is inconsistent with Republican
instztution's, of a federative and representative
character, and will be futile, save to involve the
whole country in the horrors of civil war and a
social anomie?, resulting in military despotism. It
has been further demonstrated; that the cause
of the dismemberment of the Union, now in
rapid progress, is the success, at the polls, of a
sectional party contemplating a crusade against the
the institution of slavery in fifteen States of the
Union, a subversion of State rights, and a consol
idation of the Confederacy.
o fulfil the purpose of these letters, there
is left the single inquiry, whether there is a
specific remedy for this great evil of disunion, other,
than an employment of physical force, accompa
nied by an entire abandonment of the-federal
system instituted by the Constitution of the
United States.
In the belief, that there is such spec'fic
remedy, a few reflections in reference thereto
arc now submitted to your earnest and serious
consideration.
A period of gloom and peril to our country
and its institutions, characterized, by a with
drawal of State after State from its federal
relations, by the formation of a distinct Con
federacy, by a paralysis of trade, commerce
and manufactures, by a prostration of public
and private credit, by individual privation, and
by social alarm and fear of.civil war, now ex
ists and may be indefinitely prolonged.
In striking contrast with the political ills
which convulse and distress the land, are the
blessings of peace and prosperty heretofore
enjoyed by the people of the Union, in conse
quence of a successful administration of their
unarts, fot mare sixty
years past, in ac
cordance with the views of the ov.Qtitution of
the United States inculcated by the Virginia
and Kentucky resolutions of 1798 and 1799.
If so, the dismemberment of the Confederacy,
which is now in rapid progress, is occasioned
by a disregard of those doctrines, and can only
be arrested and a restoration of concord be
effected by means of a speedy recognition of
the fundamental truths, in reference to the
nature and structure of the Government of the
United States, taught by the sires and apostles
of American Democracy. It is, therefore,
necessary, in order to save the Union," boldly
and broadly to re-assert and maintain those
cardinal principles.
The time honored resolutions of 1798 and
1799, applied to the present crisis, teach sub
stantially, that the Government of the United
States was constituted by the States of the
Confederacy, that its powers are not original
but derivative, not inherent, but conferred
by the respective States, as expressly set
forth in the Constitution of the United States ;
that the domestic institutions and affairs of
the several States are exclusively within the
jurisdiction of their respective people, and
cannot, in any way, directly or indirectly,
be interfered with by the Government of the
United States, unless by virtue of some author
ity expressly or by necessary implication dele
gated to it, in the Constitution of the United
States.
That the Constitution of the United States
contains no grant of power warranting inter
ference, by Congress, with property in slave
labor, within the respective States of the Con
federacy, and that a submission, by a sovereign
State of the Union, in any matter injuriously
affecting the reserved rights of the States or
the Constitutional rights of any of the people
of such State, in respect to persons or property,
to the will of sectional or other majorities of
the people of the Union, expressed either in or
out of Congress, will wholly derange and sub
vert an admirably harmonious system of State
and Federal Government.
That all territory acquired by the Federal
Government, either by treaty or conquest,
being obtained by means of the functions and
powers of sovereignty delegated to it by the
States, which created it, for their own social
and political benefit, must be held by it, as the
agent and trustee of such States, for the common
use, enjoyment and settlement of it by their
respective citizens together with their families
and property taken with them in their emigra
tion, and that Congress has no power conferred
on it by the Constitution, by invidious legisla
tion, either directly or indirectly, to discrimi
nate, in reference to property in slave labor or
in anything else, between the emigrating citi
zens of the respective sovereignties of the Con
federacy.
That the relations of the respective sove
reignties of the Confederacy, as equals, to each
other, and the relations of the Federal Govern
ment to each confederate sovereignty, as its
agent and trustee, require of each and every
department of the ,Government of the United
States a defence and protection of the Consti
tutional rights of the several States and of
their people, in respect to persons and property
in the territories of the - Union, and that, in
any other view of the ;inject, all distinction
between a territory of the Confederacy, depend
ant upon it for political existence, and a sov
ereign State of the Confederacy, is slighted
end the Federal system is converted into a
consolidated Empire.
That the provisions of the Federal Constitu
tion, the principal of the federal system, foster
ing the development of popular freedom and
power, so far as they consist with social peace
and order,by domestic legislation, rnd jealously
ignoring popular majorities, save where they
are expressly allowed, in the compact of Union,
the relations of the States to each other and of
the Federal Government to the respective
States, concur in recognizing the only period
at which the people of an organized territory
of the United States have an unrestricted and
absolute right to prohibit involuntary servi
tude, to be, when they form the organic law of
State existence, previously to an application
for admission into the confederacy of States.—
That the existence of property in slave labor,
in the territories of the United States, as a po
litico-economical question, with a strict and
careful deference to Constitutional right and
obligation, may be safely left to the exclusive
regulation of the natural and salutary laws of
soil and climate.
That the alleged right "to coerce" a sove
reign State, which has solemnly declared, by an
organic convention of its people, a withdrawal
from the Confederacy, under a pretence of col
lecting the revenue, enforcing the laws, or any
other pretence, by an employment of the naval
or military forces of the United States against
the people and Government of such State, is
no where conferred, in the Constitution of the
United States, on the Federal Government, is
repugnant to the spirit, intent and meaning of
that instrument, subversive of the fundamental
principle of a confederacy of Republican States,
based on voluntary representation, futile, and,
if practically asserted, will be the occasion of
civil war and of a consequent military despot
ism, as the only safeguard of life and property.
That the States, which have - withdrawn from
the Confeceracy, although their secession, as a
constitutional right and remedy, is wholly in
admissible, can, consistently with constitu
tional propriety, be brought back to the Con
federacy of States, in no other way, than by
pacific measures, involving an honorable adjust
ment of existing differences, a redress of well
founded grievances, and an ample provision of
additional, clear and unalterable guarantees of
safety, security and equality to themselves,
their institutions, people and property, within
the present Union of North American States.
Accepting the aforestated just and constitu
tional principles as articles of political faith
and rules of action, it is the plain duty of the
people of Pennsylvania to present an united and
determined front of resistence to any attempt
at "the coercion" of a State, (which may have
withdrawn from the Union,) on any pretence
whatever, by an employment against its au
thority and people of either the naval or mili
tary forces of the United States. It is also the
imperative obligation of every citizen to reso
lutely act, under a conviction, that the Union
"can and shall be preserved," through the re
ascendancy of correct constitutional principles
in the non-slaveholding States, and especially
in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, aptly
termed "the Keystone of the Federal Arch," to
be achieved by the first appeal which can be
made to the ballot-box.
The rallying cry of the conservatives of
Pennsylvania, in the stern struggle for tho
preservation and perpetuity of the Union of the
States, which, with vigor and earnestness, they
should henceforth institute with such as favor
the dark conspiracy of 'sectional republican
ism—to obliterate State lines, destroy State
Government, and, on the ruins of the present
federative system, to erect a consolidated em
pire or a frightful despotism—is, "no coercion
and the equality of the States, in respect to
persons and property in the Territories of the
Union and wherever the power of the Govern
ment of the United States is competent to de
fend and protect the same, to be assured to
each State of the Confederacy by such new
and additional constitutional provisions, as may
place such equality anti ch._ rig:As connected
therewith beyond the reach of cavil or doubt."
In a political contest thus conducted, the
proposed amendments of the Constitution of the
United States, known as " the Crittenden Com
promise," or any similar Constitutional amend
ment, if satisfactory to the slaveholding States
of the Confederacy, and available in the recon
struction of the Union, must be prominently
presented,cordially sustained and triumphantly
vindicated at the polls. Furthermore, in order
to prevent the shedding of kindred blood, to
avert civil war, to preserve the blessings of
peace and such relations of amity and frater
nity as will favor a restoration of the Union of
the States, at some future time, if it cannot
just now be effected, the Government of the
United States of America should be perempto
rily required, by the popular voice of Pennsyl
vania, to recognize the Government of the
" Confederate States of Ameriea," and adjust,
by treaty, on fair and liberal terms, all ques
tions of boundary, territory, property and
federal obligation, arising from former federal
relations between the respective Governments.
If such principles and course of political
action do not stiffiee to arrest further mischief
and heal existing disorders, the most hopeful
experiment of self-government, which has ever
been or can be made, will have failed.
The past providence of God, in raising up,
guarding, guiding and blessing this favored
nation and its manifest mission, as yet scarcely
begun, to effect the regeneration of human so
ciety, by means of a high christian civilization,
warrant the belief, that purified and invigora
ted by a severe ordeal, the Union of Confedera
ted States will soon be restored, and
"Its Flag ever flout the sky,
The highest under' Heaven.,
JACOB LEISLER
THE BOTTOM nr THE SEA.—Our investigations
go to show that' the roaring waves and the
mightiest billows of the ocean, repose, not
upon hard or troubled beds, but upon cushions
of still water; that everywhere at the bottom
of the deep sea the solid ribs of the earth are
protected as with a garment, from the abrading
action of its currents; that the cradle of its
restless waves is lined by a stratum of water
at rest ; or so nearly at rest, that it can neither
wear nor move the lightest bit of drift that
once lodges there. The uniform appearance of
these microscopic shells, and the almost total
absence among them of any sediment from the
sea or foreign matter, suggest most forcibly
the idea of perfect repose at the bottom of the
sea. Some of the specimens are es pure and
as free from sea sand as the fresh fallen snow
flake is from the dust of the earth. Indeed,
these soundings almost prove that theses, like
the snow-cloud with its. flakes in a calm, is
always letting fall upon its bed showers of
'these minute stlells ; and we may readily ima
gine that the wrecks which strew its bottom
are, in the process of ages, hidden under this
fleecy covering, presenting the rounded appear
ance which is seen over the body of the - tra
veler who has perished in the snowstorm.—
The ocean, especially within and near the
tropics, swarms with life. The remains of its
myriads of moving things are conveyed by
currents, and scattered and lodged in the course
of time all over its bottom. This process,
continued for ages, has covered the depths of
the ocean as with a mantle, consisting of or
ganisms as delicate as hoar-frost, and as light
in the water as down is in the air. The tooth
of running water is very sharp. See how the
Niagara has cut its way through layer after
layer of solid rock. But what is the Niagara,
with all the fresh water courses of the world,
by the side of the great currents of ocean ?--
And what is the pressure of fresh water upon
river beds in comparison with the pressure of
ocean water upon the bottom of the desp sea ?
It is not so great by contrast as the gutters in
the streets are to the cataract. Then why
have not the currents of the sea worn its bot
tom away ?. • Simply because they are not per
mitted to get down to it.—All the Year Round.
SUNDAYS EXCEPTED, -
BY O. BARRETT & CO
?Kw DAILY PATRIOT AND lINION will be served to au b
scribers residing in the Borough for SIX CENTS PER WERE
payable to the Carrier. Mail rabeoribere,rovit DOL
LARS PCB ANNUM.
. •
Tax WEaKLY will be published as heretofore, semi
weekly during the session of the Legislature, and once ei
week the remainder of the year, for two dollars in ad
vance, or three dollars at the expiration of the year.
Connected with this establishment is an extensive
JOB OFFICE, containing a variety of plain and fancy
type, unequalled by any establishment in the interior of
the State, for which the patronage of the public is so
licited.
NO. 174.
TILE SEAL FISHERY OF LABRADOR
From the leading article of Harper's Maga
zine for April, entitled "Three Months in Lab
rador," we gather the following information
respecting one of the most important industrial
pursuits of the north country:
The seal fishery of Labrador is valued at
$1,500,000 per annum, and is wholly prosecu
ted by Newfoundland vessels, with the excep
tion of perhaps a dozen that sail from Canada
and other Provinces. The hunting-ground
lies between the 49th and 52d parallels of lati
tude, and the season of catching extends from
March to May, inclusive. The average fare of
successful vessels is two thousand seals, though
as many as eight thousand have been taken;
but of upward of four hundred vessels that
yearly engage in sealing not more than sixty
make remunerative voyages, and many suffer
heavy losses. Hence the business is altogether
a lottery. Nevertheless the chances of large
gains are so seductive that sealers' berths, in
vessels "up for the ice," command a. premium
of from $8 to $2O. The men so engaged obtain
their outfit (which includes clothing, guns,
ammunition, &c.) on credit., the cost of which
is deducted from their earnings at the end of
their voyage; and they not unfre,luently find a
balance of $125 in their favor at the close of
the season. Yet they are fortunate if, after
their accounts are squared, they do not find'
themselves in debt to the vessel, or at least
with empty pockets. The expense of the outfit
is borne by the owners of the vessel. The
captain receives no wages, but is allowed a tare
of ten cents on every seal caught. When this
is deducted, one-half the fare is divided among
the crew, and the other half falls to the owners.
The average price per seal is $3 50. Conse
quently, a fare of two thousand seals , worth
$7,000, yields to the owners and crew $3,325
each, and to the captain $350.
Sealing vessels are sheathed with iron, and
extra planked about the bows to protect them
from the ice. • On reaching the ground they
are warped into channels cut through the ice,
where they lie snugly moored until warm
weather breaks it up. Then the sealers, singly
and in small parties, each man armed with a
heavy iron-spiked bat and muffled to his eyes
in furs, go forth in quest of victims. These
lie, quietly sunning themselves near their
breathing holes, often a hundred together,
uttering doleful cries and frog-like croaks.-A
Upon some hummock a sentinel is ever on the
alert to warn of approaching danger. But the
hunters, creeping stealthily, and taking advan
tage of the wind and inequalities of surface,
rush upon them at the first alarm, dealing
death-blows right and left among the affrighted
herd, who wriggle hurriedly over the ice, and
tumble floundering into their holes. The old
seals generally escape, as their movements are
wonderfully quick ; but many of the young
are killed. TheSe are now dexterously "sculp
ed," stripped of their blubber Rua pelts, which
come off entire; the bloody carcasses are left
to glut the starveling bears and arctic foxes,
and the pelts rolled up and dragged away to
the vessel. After the ice breaks up, the seals
are shot from boats in the open water, where
Liey are found disporting.
There are various kinds of seals, among which
are the harbor, ranger, jar, hnod. doter. bed-
Lamer, narpe, Dine, and square sipper; suffering
as greatly in size and physiognomy as members
of the human family. There are canine and.
feline looking seals; seals with round smooth
heads cropped like a prize fighter's, and seals
with patriarchal beards and long flowing locks t•
meek, pensive lookins. 6 seals, and seals fierce
and long tusked ; little seals three feet long,
and monsters upward of eight feet in length,
weighing a thousand pounds. Selah ! The
hood seal when attacked. throws up a thick
bullet-proof hood or shield before its face, and
whichever way a gun is presented this defence
is always opposed, the animal moving dexter
ously from side to side with every movement
of his assailant. An effective wound must be
given directly under the ear, and it requires an.
expert marksman to hit. him there. The harpe
is most esteemed, and commands a market price
of $7 to $B. He is a first class pugilist, and
always shows fight; rising cn his hind flippers,
dodging the bat skillfully, and often seizing it
from his assailant's hand. He is very tenacious
of life, and when worsted frequently feigns
death. At such times the unsuspecting sealer,
stooping over to "sculp" him, is liable to serious
injury. Sometimes they have been completely
disemboweled.
Seals whelp in March and suckle their young.
They are in good condition at all seasons, but
are seldom taken after July, as they migrate
to more northern regions, returning in Decem
ber. In early summer they are caught in
strong, large meshed nets. They constitute
an important article of food to the settlers and
Esquimaux, and to the latter are indispensable.
The blubber is exceedingly fat, and being out
into strips and thrown into vats, a large quan
tity of oil is obtained by natural drainage. The
residue is fried out by heat. It is extensively
us.ed for machinery, both in Europe and the
United States, but is sold under a different
name. Its value is about fifty cents per gallon.
EXTENSION OF HOE'S PATENT IN ENGLAND.-
The London ameriectn announces that the Judi
cial Committee of the Privy Cluncil of England
extended Hoe's English palant for printing
machines. Mr. Richard M. Hoe, of New York,
was the inventor ; but the nominal patentee,
and one of the petitioners, was Mr. William
Newton. Mr. Grove, the counsel for the peti
tioners, stated to the committee the advantages
possessed by this printing press over the cele
brated Applegarth machine. Both are used by
the Times, the latter, however, only ds "aids."
He described the nature of the invention, and
stated that one of Mr. Hoe's ten feeder machines
could print from 20,000 to 25,000 newspapers
in an hour. The efforts made by the patentee
had involved a vast amount, of industry and
skill.
Mr. Hoe came over to this country in 1847,
but it was nine years from the date of his
patent before he could get anything done, and
English sales had been only fourteen machines.
By the inventor's accounts, which were pre
sented, it seems that the profits from the patent
were £5,000, but of this £4,000 went to Mr.
Hoe's partners, and he had only received
£3,000, which was a most inadequate remunera
tion for an invention of so much importance,
especially to the cheap press, which was obliged
to use thin paper, for which Applegarth's ma
chine is not applicable.
Several eminent engineers bore testimony to
the value of the invention, and Mr. Welsby, on
behalf of the Crown, made no opposition.
Lord Cranworth delivered the judgment of
their lordships, who, he said, were all satisfied
that this was a most useful invention—one of
great merit and simplicity, as far as simplicity
could apply to such an invention. They
thought that the inventor had not derived that
reasonable profit which he had a right to expect.
He had beenfor severalyears withoutprofit, and
in his accounts he had placed many charges
on the debtor side of the account with which
he might have credited himself. Under all the
circumstances, their lordships would advise
her Majesty to extend the patent.—Scientific
American.
PUBLISHED EVERY MORNING,
I==l=l