in genera!, are, %n afow da; ; ‘ de fiance to JnckPrest and all I - * wiefe.'- -'. , , Out- whole porpa (theNibt iseooamped in flag vicinity*’ Varroua,fntn> ; our~futnre movements are. already aflo!(sSpine say we .-are- under marching -orders,;'i Pd opr destina tion is York town; some, thit jig are going tp Texas Or New’Orleans ;-«.n(}p:l itfera, to, North Cfroiina;-bat-we are too, welt .'icqukinted with such reports .to give them i Either or nether of these places may be put destination. Wherever wo go our’duty is p Pain,.and we in tend to do it. The Ninth Army .Corps is ready to perform its duty whenever it may be placed. .Others may despair and Ipso all jiope of the success of our cause —undertakjp in the name ..of Justice and Humanity, ftad ‘sonotipned. by an All-Just Gcd, who is. thj i friend of- the op pressed-and the enemy of tj rants; but so long .as firmness rejgns in Washiilton X, shall.con tinue to hope for ja glorious \ iumpb of liberty , over oppression, which wjlj- tou'nd the death ; knell of the cause of all curb j. jl^leS—Slavery— , and make glad tbt heart of 1 A ■ ‘ / J jriNGIAjIERtCA.. A LETTER' EBOM QE'i EOSEOBAHS- It was written to Govern;. Tod,-of Ohio in response to,a,legislative rfpjqtion of thanks to the General* and has ai;i jffrbm that' State. It is a letter worthy of the 1 of Corinth and Stone River, let it be rtrJjmhered-that Gen. Kojjecrans.ls now and 'has been a Dem •oorat. He writes :. ; lIsADQUARTEM, DEPARiuWIS OE THE Cu>l- | ' BERLANK j UffiStt., Feb. 3.-J To flit Honorable, the Gene ’> ['Assembly of the ' State of Opri.-j', ■, The resolution of (sed by your hon orable body, to the army; i \ Cumberland, its Commanding General am} ■ Jjs sfaff; has been duly received and publishcc‘ito the troops of this commend: On behalf'b-jall, I return you heartfelt thanks. /Sf | , r • /TbiVis indeed a.-war for c maintenance of -the constitution and the lav?jf-nay, for nation al eiistence—against have despised our honest friendship, dceel i’-id oirr just hopes, and driven ns to defend oft’; booritry. and our homes. By foul and ! sUnders on,our motives and intentions, pp, jstOntly repeated, they have arrayed against 1. 1i bur own fellow citlzens. bopnd to us by tb; triple ties of con sanguinity',;'geographical-pCiti on, and oommer - cial interest • '• r; .lot no.'than -among ua [• f base enough to forget this/or fool enough throat ha--nlignroby of traitors to their friend*:' tb.civiil liberty and human freedom. _ Volt.ptarilyi exiled from home and friends, for thoklefiWa- and safety of all, we long fob the.iimb .vhen gentle peace shall spread her wings' over our land; bnt we. know ho speh--blessing is-Utoppible while the unjust.and arbitrary poweeipf [the rebel lead ers confronts and threaten iusi| Crafty,as the ' fox, croeKas the tiger, they (lfsed r , ‘ f ho coercion,” i while preparing to strike ,uS\ {?ully like, they ‘ proposed 'to fight us, beoause'Mhey said they could whip five to onei;- |bhd b|ow', when driv en back, they whine but‘f mi Invasion,” and ■ promise ns of- tbs, West, pepnijwiob to navigate v the Mississippi, If-we, wilf-B i “ good boyjsr,” and do'ns they bjd-os.' ' I- [j : 1 ■ ■ . Whenever they bare ; hri power they drive before them into their ranks the sbathern peo ple. nsfhey would also idrlveps. Trust them not. Were they able' tfjey would invade us >knd destroy 1 ab without njltcy. - Absolutely ns ‘ shred of-tbesethingS, I'jf h amazed that any ; one could think bf “ peace on ipy terms.” lie '‘wTib’-ebiertains the sentlij fit Only to he v-tPslivUr‘be who utters it' rt‘ this time is more: ’■kket'atfriiitor to his cenjntiA, who deserves the "kcbrh'tihd contempt of alli|(onorßblo men. -'-‘ Wheifthe powet-of thc- unebrupalous rebel removed,‘-and kFj, people' are free to - tiohsider and net for their jjm Interests, which ‘ are cotnmon with oars nn! ar |hik Government, 5 |here will he no gheat dVffibufty in fraternize ‘tion. Between oUr faß{e3 : und':Booial life there, •aw fewer difiertneea than iaetween those of the .’people of tlre 'Northern and Southern prov inoee, - nf 'England'Sr trelafid. the time may I • npecdily come when thje power of the perfidi ■’■ oos and br’uel tyrant - thisirebcllion having jhtbeii Oveithrown, a peiica may he laid on the' -broad foundation of natibpal .unity and equal • justice‘.to all, under the Cpfeiltution-and laws, r • ' ■ I remain your fellbW-bltizen, ‘ W. S. Major General, 3ffßW ENGLAND, ; Thu New York- 2't)«Ct,'fin-; an artioie upon ‘ what Mr. Webster, in hismemorablo reply to \ Hayne; termed {he ‘.‘ new fertisade against New England," says;, ' I' j . • ' The main joomplainte aVo. two—that New England bna an undue .shaidgof politipal power in the Federal Senate, and |ih&tit is.the hot-bed of radicalism and intolerable'. “Now, first, it .is hot truj’thaf the sir New England Statcs. have been favored in a Senatorial representation,. True, they ore small in territorial ares, but they, average a ranch larger population, than'the eleven Con federate-states, . By the lapsus of 1860, the combined White population the former was 3,110,692, averaging 518,448 to eaoh state: while the combined white -population of the latter including Virgiofl: undivided, was 4,- 449,463, averaging enly-Jf: 54,496 to, each State. Yet the ,former had-twsAl at Wash ington, the latter twerjN; twp. Ilbode Island, the smallest-of the Nij/jj England states, in population, shqwed mors (than twice the white population of Floridaji iTarmont, the next Smallest, '23,000 roproitkpa South Carolina; Massachusetts, the showed 104,000 .moratban Virginia; tji<;!#ge#t Southern state,, ' and 88,000 more tlijitf',Mississippi, Louisans, - and Texas, combined} face of such fig urss, the pretence by Bpo hern men, and South ern sympathizers, tysy.'jew, England has an iindns advantage in iti’e is the extreme , of impudence. sustains M mOch disadvantage, to the South ern pistes, frnra the Stataieqbality representa tion in -the from the three-fifths slave representation (ndbei House and Electo ral ' '-1'.:,;- Piutse foh tbe Pendent.— That earnest eccentric and blont-spolfen eithorter, Elder Knapp, jvho is nyp holding forth , every eveningat the Wabash Aynhe'Baptist chnrch in this city, in a prayer toother evening used this language j “ 0 LdrijiJrilt thou bless Pres iJent,_Lipooln ? ThonAboWest that all the Southern aristocracy and All the rotten por tion of the Northern Piemocracy are down on . hi.u., Therefore wilt thou hl^eihitnl” —Chicago JjiLiual, , : •,. *; - BosEoauts’ army is'all .ready for another ! advance upon the enemy ,and orders foe its 'movement have been iasptjd. .The rebel force, fwhidh is strongly' Tpllahoma; is be lieved to number 125,9'Tl.^ien* it f thSua^itltoß- - M.lIL' COBir, EDITOR .AND .PROPRIETOR. _ WBLLSBORODGH, PEPIN’As WEDNESDAY. MOANING, MARCH 4,-1803. A GOOD MEASURE. The bill tn provide for a national currency has become a law. It is elaborate and volu minous, and aims to restore equilibrium to the monetary affairs of the nation. The main feature of this law is -its provision foracurrency which shall be par everywhere in the United Stales. So thht'w dollar in Pennsylvania shall be worth a dollar in'New Orleans and San Francisco. • The one great faultof the banking systems under State laws has been, that in times of financial distress a dollar in Pennsylvania money would sot pass for more than from ninety to .ninety-four cents in Hew Yojk; and so elsewhere, with *the cur rency of other States. . . •" T . Now one fact will be recognized by business nlen ih Northern Pennsylvania: In 1857 Penn sylvania- money was not current in the State of New York except in limited localities; at the same time New York money was eagerly snapped op by Pennsylvanians, and generally preferred to any other paper. The chief rea son for this was, that under the laws of New York every bank deposits with the State Trea surer at par, to the amount of its circulation, op thereabout. This is the case with all save a few banks doing business un der old charters. The banks thus secure the noteholder against any serious Joss in case of failure or suspension. ; The law to provide for a national, currency .requires all associations organized in pursu ance thereof, to deposit bonds of the United States, bearing interest at six per cent, with an officer called the “ Comptroller of the Cur rency,” having his office in the. Treasury De partment. The Comptroller tbcnissnes notes of the several denominations ~of five.dollars and -upward to the association, 1 which may then circulate them as money. In case any association fails to redeem its notes in lawful money of the United States, upon notice of the fact, the Comptroller declares the bonds for feited, and proceeds to redeem the notes at the Treasury of the United States. Any bank now in operation under State law may, if it chooses, deposit bonds in like man ner, and be considered an association under i this law; otherwise it is' required to pay a tax of one per cent, on its circulation, whether floating or in its vaults, per annum, until q time fixed, after which the, tax rises to two per cent. The public has felt the want of-an uniform and sound currency, other than specie, for .years. The time when a man may travel a thousand mites, in a direct; line, with the pqtes of. local -banks in his pocket,'without delay, and vexations innumerable, can‘ J hever arrive 'save under such a law as this. If'ka most have paper m9ney, ; let..jit he par everywhere, and. a', legal-i tender in payment .of; debts .'until this crisis shall be'past. > r - Tbe entire paper circulation of the country under this Idw is fixed at a maximum sum of $300.000,000; $150,000,000 of which is to he distributed- in tbs .States and Territories ac cording to representative population, and the remainder according to the -banking capital and needs of trade. *■* These are hi? t the main features of the law. Wo have notapaoe to publish it entire. The lest “martyr to tyranny” who is worth mentioning, happens to be oneEdson B. Olds, M. D., and whilom M. C., of Ohio, He was arrested and looted up last summer'for advo-. eating that cardinal doctrine of modern democ racy, that resistance to the lawful authorities is incumbent upon every man who expects an office under the next democratic' administra tion. Hr. Olds is a member of the Ohio Legislative Assembly. Ho lately made a speech in that body complaining bitterly of bis arrest and imprisonment, and charging the Government with great inhumanity in depriving him of proper.food, and drink (whisky) and even of “the Bible.” The last'must have been “the unkiodestcat of all.” While a resident of Washington, this now political anchorite is- reputed to have, used playing cards much more frequently than any other sort of “ book.” Nor is it certain that harmless games were the games most in dulged in by the honorable Mr. Olds. In fact, we do not think his Washington style of living at all in harmony with the Decalogue or the New Testament ethics. But the Government ought not to deprive any prisoner of the Bible. It may do them some good, if they read- it, and can do them no harm if they do not read it. Wo send biblea to the ben'ghted heathen-r-why refuse it to the heathen in more civilized communities 7 The apparent depreciation of the currency, need cause no alarm. In degree it is factitious. Men speculate in gold as they do in wheat and -fiobr, and its fluctuations are goverened by the same laws, mainly. The average premium on gold during this .war, is no greater than it was during the war of 1812-15. Gold was then worth $1.35. The currency question resolves itself into this: Shallgovernment, or'brokers, monopolize the business. . Men who speculate in gold, and own bank stock, will declare for the brokers and bankers; but the people who desire only that a dollar, ibat is good in Tioga shall be good in ftew York, and elsewhere in the country, will, we apprehend, declare for the government. Let the government become master of the currency, os the Constitution di rects, and all will bo well, ' Toe ColobeO Mes of Pittsburg' nre actively engaged-in raising a regiment for the war. ;rirthe» : tif-fetogcne-u agjtatob. * teHBNOMBwki ’ i The firo senses are, taken together, a very great institution! in human economy. Visual, -olfactory, auditory, sensational and gustatory, man is pot only, a walking miracle, .bat, n stupendous automatic recorder of current sen timent, change and events. • i - ' r - Uoless one keeps all these great avenues of information- open, one is no competent judge of the capabilities of human nature. If kept in good working order, they are certain to fill the posicssor with wonder and astonishment. Bat if -suffered to get clogged by neglect, fte life of a. man corresponds to "the life of an oyster. So,, the man who .keeps his eyes and ears open bos many advantages over him who does not.. ;• ... By these means we have gained,’and; are still gaining considerable knowledge touching the great questions. afissneV; Dor ’eats Were informed, about the time the abolition of slave ry in the District of Columbia became a fact, that from the day tbe,measure became a-law there would be no living, for white folk, in tbe District; that the colored people would exact the homage 'of uncovered heads-from their white fellow-citizens, when . passing in the streets. We confess that’this state of affairs did not suit us exactly; and’ we concluded to compromise by merely touching our bat, aS we did and do to tbe pale-faces. The measure be came a law. We pat oar visual organs in trim so as to behold the awful prediction "verified; but up to this time, have not been able “to see it.” So*-in. that case, the testimony of the ears and eyes seriously conflict. Whenthe President proclaimed- that on the first day of January, 18(13; ha would promul gate a decree of freedom to the slaves of rebels, our ears were informed that the effect- would be to overrun the. free States-.with negroes, and that in consequents labor would become degra ded, as well ’as scarce,- for white folk. Taking into acoonn't tbe well known-fact that negroes prefer a cold climate to one almost or,’quite tropical; and that said decree would undoubt edly increase the number of negroes many fold; and that there- would be, of necessity, much less labor in the aggregate, to be than before; —. taking into consideration these great and philosophical facte, wo prepared for the realization of the wont. The fint of Jan uary came, passed, and both eyes and can fail to recognize the misfortunes so wisely pre dicted. . The case now cersus eyes and ears, with the weight of evidence favoring the latter. ' But a still greater and more astonishing fact boa become known to us through'the olfactory organs of other .people; people who have been in a position lomako like discoveries from their babyhood up to adult age. We ore aesnred, with an air' of great disgust, that- colored - people are unbearable, because of a peculiar ' , stench, ylych arises from their persons. This information .'was, vouchsafed pince. the -qtnanci fkfion of -tbe negroes inthc. District of Colum-; bh.vef"before: - - That iff camplainapfs - , fhen o wners'of negroes, variabJe. inTiumbcr, never ejected in onr, tjearing, to' the daily ’ and hourly ministrations,. of thpir black slaves j.so ws have made a memorandum like this: : If a negro be o-chattel worth $1500,.’ he is as fragrant as a rose in full bloom; but’ the moment ,'y'ou knock off his chains', he be-' comes a stench .in the nostrils of his master and mistress. -. These philosophers likewise inform ns that the negro'will soon ask tc be admitted to the parlor, and to the table with white' folk. This weald be a great calamity no doubt. Bat these philosophic fathers and mothers give their ten der children into the almost constant and ex clusive care and keeping of negro women, and let them associate with the colored picaninnies through boyhood and girlhood. So we have made another memorandum like this: white cbildren 7may properly -associate • with block children, while the tatter are the properly of the white parents ; : bnt it will never do to let white children play with free colored children, because the negro is an inferior raee> Such are a few of the facts we have gained knowledge of by making carefnl use of "eyes and ears.”, We constantly hear men-fixing a time be yond which this war cannot"-reach. *They might properly name a oondition’of things be yond the rule of which this strife could not penetrate. - So long; as the causes of war exist so long will the war continue. -Yon. Cray as well undertake to cure a man with poison in his stomach, by leaving the; noxious substance undisturbed, as to-undertake to close this war while the source of irritations imbed ded in our social and governmental systems. We, as a nation, are-undergoing the process of fermentation. The lies, and-deceits; and false worship, and deference of a Century to wrong, aw about to be atoned for. We "have no choice; either we most put them forever away, or they will become a millstone about our necks and sink us to the bottom of the"pit.' . ExtbaosdinaßV Mbascbis. —What ,do the miscreants hereabouts who are eternally pra ting of the violation of the rights of traitors, think of the proceedings in reference to such matters in revolutionary times ? “In January, 1776, General Washington wrote to Governor Cook, of Rhode Island, im forming him what Connecticut had done.— One of the< acts even provides that none are to write, speak or act against the proceedings of Congress, under penalty of being disarmed and disqualified from bolding any office, and be further punished, by imprisonment. Yet the Paler Patrice went on to remark; • The situation of onr affairs seems to call for regu lations like these. Vigorous ones, and, such as at another time would appear extraordinary, are now become, absolutely necessary for pre serving oar eonntry against the strides of tyr anny making against it.’ ” /<. w . - *■■■ Does it make a man influential to have the influenza ?r ' ftCEHE XN THE' IHiINOIB LEQIBIA- gcr and see thess.sooundrels and traitors work TUBE. \ t out their hellish schemes'to destroy thb Union. Speech of Brave ,Old Patriot - They.bave my sentiments; let thenbCno and - terudjle rariimc .against TKAiTORa. ’. ■> .aH.iiiokg. of,thp_m. I aip jgady to back np all I say, and X repeat it, to meet . The-Springfield (Illinois) correspondent -of thesg traitorsTn any manner they may choose, the Chicago Tribune, undar date of February 14, .from a pin’s point to the month of a cannon, wriieis a* follows.; A great sensationwas crha-. .'[Tremendous applause, during which the old ~d ta . r „h „ -a. •farmers:m^he.state,a man who-pays over three . aboTe tb £ of ’ obeere Bn d dapping of hands.] thousand dollars per anum taxes towards the nev.er before witnessed so mach-excite support of the-government. The lobby and ment in atr assembly. slr. Funk spoke with a gallery were crowded with spectators. * Mr. forcer-6f natural eloquence, with a conviction Funk rose to object to trifling resolutions, and truthfulness with a fervor and-pathos i which wrought up the galleries and even mem which hod been introduced by the ; democrats bers 0D lbe | oor e to tbo higheBt pitch of excite to kill time and stare off a vote upon the dp- ment> His voice was heard in the stores that propriatjons for the- support of the gbvernment. surround the . square, and the people came He said 4 • flocking in from all quarters. In five minutes ' “Mr. Speaker, I can sit in my seat no longer ba had an ««dienee that packed the ball to its and .see such by play going on. These men utmost capacity After he had concluded, the are frifling witl. 4e hMt interests of the conn- «•?"«•«■ and spectatorsx-ushed up try. They shquld haU asses’ ears to set off and ‘ ook tbe hand t 0 «>ngratolate him their hoeds, or they are traitors and aeeessiou- T u he ««■.«?“*? Bald nothin S’ but evlden l { felt ‘sts at heart s ‘ r:. the castigation they were receiving most keen . I say that there are traitors and >* •« «#> be seen from their blanched Cheeks istaat heart in this Senate. There actions and restless and uneasy glances. prove it., Their speeches,prove it. Their.gibes and laughter and cheers here nightly when their speakers get in this hall add denounce the war and.the administration, prove it. “ I can sit here no longer and not tell these traitors whatT think of them. And while tell ing them, I, am responsible, myself, for, what I say. I stand upon my own bottom. .1 am rea dy to meet any man on tnia floor in any man ner from a pin’s point to the mouth' of a. can non upon this charge against these traitors. [Tremendous. applause from-the galleries.] I am- np old man of sixty-five, 1 .came to Illinois a. poor boy, I have made a little something for' myself and family. I pay three thousand dollars a year in taxes. I am willing to pay six’thousand, aye, twelve -thousand, [great cheering, the old gentleman atriking.the.desk with a blow that would, knock down abullock, Rnd,causipg the inkstand toffy ip the air,] aye, I am willing, to pay my whole fortune, and then give.my life to save my country from these traitors that ;are seeking to destroy it. [Tre mendous. applause, which the Speaker could not Control,] « : “Mr. Speaker, yon must please excuse me, I could not eit longer jn my seat. and calmly listen to . these .-traitors. My heart, that feels for my poor. conntry, wonld not let me, My heart, that crjes put for the Jives of, our bravo volunteers in, the field, that traitors at home are destroying by .thousands, would not let me. My hearty that bleeds for the widows and orphans at home, would not let me. Yes, thes« traitors and villians in this Senate [striking bis clenched fist on the desk with,a blow that made the senate ring again], are killing my neighbors’ boys now fighting in ,the field, I dare to say this to these traitors right'here, and I am responsible for what I say to , any one or all of them. [Cheers.] Let them come on now, right here. lam sixty-five years old, and I have made up my mind to risk my life right, herey on tjiia,floor, tor my country. — [Mr, .Funk’s seat is near railing, and a epowd collected around inin,'evidently with Idle intention of protecting him fromviolence, if 7 necese»ry. Tne last anhonneinent was re ceived. wijtb, great cheering, and 1 saw many an eye flash and many a countenance, grow, radiant with)he light of defiance.] , ' i “ These men sneered at Colonel Mack a fqw days plilpe. He is a, small man., am a large' ,ipap. Y am - ready to of them in place of Colonel Mack. lam large, enough for-them, and I hold myself ready, for .them now and at any time. [Cheers from tha ga|- lerips.]. • “ Mr, Speaker, these traitors on this, floor should ()0 provided with hempen, collar?.— They deserve them. - ' They deserve hanging, 1 say, [raising his voice .and violently striking the desk,] the country would be. the better of swinging them up. . I go for .hanging them, and 1 dare to tell them so, right here tn (heir traitorous faces; -Traitors should he hung.' It would be the salvation of the.conntry to hang them. For that reason 1 must, rejoice at- it. [Tremendous cheering.] Mr. Speaker,,! beg 1 pardon of the gentlemen in this. Senate, who are not traitors, but true loyal men, for whatl have said. . I only intend it and mean it far secessionists at heart. They are here in this Sienatp. I see .them gibe, and smirk, and grin at the true Union man. Must I defy them ? I stand here ready for them, and dare them-to come on, [Great cheering.] What man, with ‘{he heart of a patriot, could, stand thia treason any longer ? I have stood it long enough.' I will stand it ho more.' [Cheers.] - I denounce these men and their aiders and. abettors 'as rank- traitors, and secessionists. Hell itself could'not spew out a more traitorous crew than some of the men that disgrace this legislature, this state and this country,. Fpr,myself, I pro test against and denounce their'treasonable act?. I have voted against their measures; ' I will do sb to the end. I will denounce them as long, OS God gives me breath; and lam ready to meet the traitors themselves hereor ■anywhere, and fight them to the death'. [Pro longed cheers pnd shouts.] " ■ ‘ ’ “ I said. I paid three thousand dollars a year taxes. I do not say it to brag pf it. It is iny duty,"yes, Mr. Speaker, my. privilege, to. do it. But some of these traitors here, who are work ing night and day to pat their miserable little bills and claims through the legislature,to take money oat Of the pockets of the people, are talking abfaut high taxes. They are hypocrites as well as traitors. I heard somte'of them talk- ahont -high taxes in this way who do not pay-five dollars to the support of the govern ment;' I denounce them as hypocrites as well as traitors. [Cheers.] “The reason they pretend to be afraid of high taxes is that they do not want to vote fnoney toy the relief of the Soldiers. They want to embarrass the government nod stop the war. They want to aid the secessionists to conquer our hoys in the field. They care about bigh taxes I They are picayune men anyhow, and pay no taxes at all, and never did and never' hope or expect to. This is an ex dnsd of, traitors, [Cheert.] “ Mr. 'Speaker, excuse me. ; I' feel for my. country, In this her hour of danger, from the tips of my toes to the ends cf ' iny hair. That is the reason I speak as I do. I cannot help it. I am .bound to tell these men to their teeth what they are, and what the people, the true loyal people, think of them. [Tremendous cheering. The' Speaker rapped upon bis desk, apparently to stop it, but really to add to its volume, for I could'see by his flushed cheek, and flashing eye (hat his heart was with the bjave and loyal old gentleman.]- “Mr. Speaker: I have said my say; I ami no speaker. This' is the only speechrl have made, and I do not know that [t deserves to bo I called a speech. I could not sit stilt any lon- LETTER EEOM J. EMEBT, ESQ. Carp at Newport .Neits, Ya., ) February 23, 1863. J To the Editor of the Agitator: .Dear Sir: You see by the caption that I am on sacred soil, out of which they used to make Presidents and, mothers of presidents. I arri ved here with' Dr. Borden and Mr. Farr, on Wednesday last. They left the nest morning for Suffolk, and I am still in the encampment. The Ninth Ariiny Corps, in which is the 45th regiment, left'the Army of the Potomac about ten days since, and are now on the most'splen did and pleasant camping ground I have ever seen. It is on the north bank of the James River extending about three miles 1 up from the Point, and presenting a line of tents, overlook ' ing the river, the whole extent. Directly back from the encampment, of the same extent, is a wood consisting of pine, offk, and other timber, from which the four thousand fires of the en campment are- supplied. There are numerous springs along the bank of the liver, supplying an abundance of Jdelightfal water, and between . the encampment and the wood, is a stream of fresh water,'from which the -numerous horses and mules obtain their supply of beverage.— The James river, yon know, is the, repository of numerous beds of oysters, which supply the soldiers with all they see fit to purchase, at from twenty to thirty cents per quart. These are generally supplied by the negroes, who by the I bye, as far as I have seen, both here and at For trees Monroe, seem to be a.very-ihdastrious and thriving population. I, was prepared to see a miserable set of contrabands; but lam happy to say that I was most agreeably disap pointed. Let the black man feel that he is working for himself, and that his earnings and his children are his own, and he is altogether a different man from the chattel who raises cotton and babies for his driver. I mot one the. next day after I came here, with a basket of pics, from -whom I purchased a dozen. “You carry home The money you get,” said Ito him, “to your master.” Tho darkey’s eye twinkled, arid his ivory expanded, as he replied with a'loiid guffaw— “Massa! massa 1 why massa’s run away, and now he may-take care of heself. This nigger don’t do it no longer, no how.” ; They are permitted to peddle oysters, pies, cakes, apples, &0., to the soldiers; and I am satisfied, that as a general thing, the soldiers of the ninth army corps, treat them kindly. As far as my observation goes, thoro seems to be a gradual change going on in the army, in favor of the President’s present policy, and though it would be distaeteful, perhaps to all to he brigaded with black soldiers, all seem to be in favor of! making them soldiers, and ma king them figljt the battles of the far South. 1 have beard intelligent man say that he thought they would' not make good soldiers'.— On the contrary, all seem to he of opinion that if they .understand that they are fighting for their freedom, they will fight like tigers, and 'that Improperly officered they will carry" the Union Standard in triumph to the heart of every southern state now in rebellion. I had understood before I visited the army that it was ip a military eensy, very much de moralized. It may have been so; some parts of it may be so now; but certainly that part of it which is at Newport News, is the very re verse. Well (disciplined, in, good heart, and fall of stein! resolve to do their duty, this army corps, if led by Burnside, whom they idolize, would, in a fair field, whip three times their number of rebels. They are extremely anx ious that General Burnside should he appointed to this Department, or at least be placed again at. the bead of his old corps. I hqve no doubt that he will be, and that in less than ten days be will be at-Fortresa Monroe. When he does ppme, the welkin will ring with one universal about of joy. . , I sai4 that; part of the army was not demor alized in a military ecnee; it is not so in the ordinary sense. The diseipline is strict, but ,not tyrannical. £ Card playing is entirely ban ished, and, whiskey drinking is almost unknown among the soldiery. 1 saw more drunkenness in and around Camp Curtin in one day, than I .should see here in a year, if 1 staid here that length of time. ' " I can aspqak more particularly, of the. 45th Pennsylvania volunteers, and most particularly ■ of company “I.” This is a model regiment, and that is a model company. I am yet to, hear of the first instance of immorality. They all, or nearly all, look hale, hearty and cheerful." l am not saying too much, when I say that Cql. Welch is,a model officer. lie is a strict disciplinarian, but he is kind, considerate and .attentive to all their wants, physical and mor al. lie tolerates no immorality, and parents who have children in his regiment, may rest assured that when they return, they will be to enter upon and sustain the duties of civil life, with honor to themselves, and to the full satisfaction of their friends. ’ , . • What I.have said, is but simple justice to Col. Welch,_and the Tioga county boys in his regiment, I could not say less than 1 have said. I might say much more, and I might add, too, that I include not only the privates, but all the officers, in my list! of those who de serve a favorable notice. The friends of the soldier may ask if they are, as newspaper writers often say, “anxious for the fight.” They are not, No soldier who has been in such battles as South Mountain, Antiatam and Fredericksburg, is anxious to go into another battle. The boys would gladly escape another fight. They are looking with intense anxiety fob the time when they shall return home to their’friends, and settle down to the peaceful pursuits of life. • They want tho war ended, hut they do not want n dis- honorable pence. They do not want to go into another battle, for they know that Borne of their number will never return. Bat yet if it comes they will not flinch. They will do their whole duty; and trust the result with. Him who orders all things in wisdom. I must con fees that I feel proud of the Tioga boys in the ,45th, and I feel confident that they will do nothing tOrtarnish the good name they bear as far as they are known. ' They are all comfortably boused in log tents of their own construction,, with brick chim neys, built according to the southern fashion, on the outside; the huts being ail alike, 7 by 12 feet, disposed in streets,"and- all presenting the’appearance of a city. It is now 11 o'clock and I am setting by a comfortable fire writing, while the six soldier occupants of, the tent ate comfortably and happily snoozing by my. side, perhaps dreaming of home—of parents— pf brothers and sisters, or, perhaps of the' girls they left behind. Well, girls, you need hot be ashamed to lore the soldier boys, nor fear that you. will hare less cause to love them when they return than when they left. We people who stay at homo up north can have but little conception of this war, and of the desolation, and ruin it has produced. I have as yet seen comparatively none of it, hot before I return I intend to visit the principal battle fields in Virginia Maryland, and will endeavor to make a note of all I' see, for tbe benefit of your readers. I have, however, taken one ramble beyond tbe pickets and.found much to interest and instruct. Saturday was a warm and pleasant,day, and early in the morning, stringing an officers glass across my shoulder, I started off alone np the bank of the river to see the country and make observations. I could see in the distance, on a jutting point up the river, what appeared to be a,form bouse, and I concluded from the ap pearance that to go thus far and return would make me a ffine walk of five miles, and that I could easily return to dinner. I- sauntered on till I had passed pur uppermost tents; when I entered upon the first farm or plantation; but there were no fences, or shade trees. or houses, or huts. Yea could see where they bad been, but not a brick, or a board, or a fence, or a post remained ; all had gone down to the camping ground to build soldier’s, huts, or replenish soldier's fires. On the next farm was a chim ney standing, and the remains of a negro hut. The next appeared to havo been the home of much oppulenoo and wealth. Park of thefwalls of two large brick houses were standing—the posts around the yards and gardens remained, and there was a grove of shade trees, in front of one of them still standing,.but all else was desolation.' At the next plantation the ruin was as complete, and two ravens sat on a high shade tree mournfully croaking over the ruins below. ■ Hero I met two gentlemen on horse-back, who hailed me, and asked some questions re specting the country, taking me for a native. 1 told thent that I too was a stranger, and asked them how far it was to a place where I could get soma dinner, for I was tired and hungry, and it was dinner time. They said it was a mile and a half at least to the White House,-but that they had applied in vain for something to eat and had been refused',. and reckoned I would have no better luck. I reckoned so too, for they were two fine looking gentlemen on horseback, and I was a pedes trian “ on foot,” and not very good looking at that. However I concluded I would try, and after traveling a long mile and a-half, reached I an elegant farm house overlooking the river, ■ with all the surroundings of a Virginia planta tion, barns, out-houses and negroes. I saw a woman and little girl sitting on the front piazza, so I boldly sauntered up,, but the woman retreated into the- house, .leaving the. girl to protect her rear; hut I captured hen, and dispatched her inside to call her mother to the door, as I was very hungry and wapbd something to eat. Tho girl went in"—the moth er came out, took a survey of the enemy with an - eye that seemed to penetrate one-’s-vitals. The psychological exaihinatiohwas in my favor, and she very kindly asked me to Walk.’in.. • But this letter is spun out altogether ! : too long. In my next I will tell you abifut-the piano—whether I took a glass of whiakcy with Capt. John Smith, or sat down to a sumptuous dinner with Mrs. Capt. John Smith—.whether I was asked to coma again and stay all night, and all that I learned up at the White House, and whether indeed 1 got back at all to.camp that night. Till I write again, i Yours to serve, J. E. Ik Honduras, invalids afflicted with Scrofula visit the streams that have drained, from the wild lands where Sarsaparillagrows. It is found that the waters become impregnated with the medicinal virtues, of this' drug, and tho natives drink it, bathe in it, and live on it for weeks. Whatever its effects, these “ water ing-places" have -reputation not inferior to our own Saratoga, and great numbers surely obtain relief at them from the eruptions, ulcer ations, and sores, which are so afflicting always to a half civilized people. Yet I find all classes have more confidence in Dr. Ayer's Extract of Sarsaparilla, than in the impregnated wafers or any edinpound of the root that;they can make. Those who can afford to buy it, doso, and it is in very general use here; curing them surer and quicker than they can get relief .without it. Not a few of our staple products-go thus to foreign lands, are there manipulated by sci entific or artisan ukill, and then come back for our consumption and üße.—rConespondatf ■ of the Herald from Tnixillo. ■ Remedy foe Small Poe. —A great discovery is reported to have been -recently made by a surgeon of the English Army in China, in the way of an,effectual cure for this'terrible and loathsome disease. The mode of treatment is as. follows : When the preceding fever is- at its height and just before the eruption appears, the chest is rubbed with'croton oil and tartar ic ointment. This causes the whole of the eruption to appear on that part of the body, to the relief of all the rest. It also secures a full and complete eruption, and thus prevents the disease from attacking the internal organs. This is said to he now the established mode of treatment in the English Array in China by general orders, and is regarded as a perfect success. IlosECitiNS on CoppERHE4DB.-»Gfeneral Bose crans has been claimed as a Democrat. In a conversation, since the battle of Murfreesboro, with Mr. Sessions, of Columbus, 0., Gen. Rose crahs said the enemy fought like demons, dis regarding flags of truce and all ibe Jaws of civilised warfare. He says the Peace Demo crats would Rck the boots of Southern thieves and liars, who will turn around and kick them —.that the Rebels mean fight, fight, and we can not expect to conquer except with the- loss of valuable lives.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers