wmss* r ti TT'TT 1 AftITATHI} UsgagSeaSS JLlllU/ AUI J. ±\. ii Ulv. paper. The paper will then be stopped- '; ! f 1 I Wit? 1 0! fhei. remittance be received. By this at- •- .■.■ —ii * .■*<—=■ --■■ ■■;■■■. ■< . ... . . ■ - 1 ■ 1 ■■ ' K» r fg/ a tß can be brought in debt to the , I | | I “ ; j : j E j s the Official Paper of the County, ' ' j BefcoteH tojtfce Extension of tfie am o t jFm&om|aH& ii)t Spmtt at s?raltt)g Bcfotm. steadily lapreaaing circulation reach- - _ _~ I I ! . ! 1 ‘ neighborhood lithe County. It is sent ; ! "(‘ ' i • ': " . , .... - j 0 “ ILtonny subscriber within the county j WHILE THEREJ SHALL BE A WRONG UNRIGHTED, AND UNTIL “MAN’S INHUMANITY TO MAN” SHALL CEASE, AGITATION MUST CONTINUE. i most convenient post office may be 1 ? • - ~T-- l “ ' ", Qty ~ i~i *~i i~ ~*j ~ i ~**~ l ~i i ii t| ><>,«» «_ri m rti ri nn n j~i ii i — n r~i i~n_f inm i< inn t~i ~~ ~ ~ *~i n ni —1 1~ ~—~~~i ~i ~i —~ i~- "** l 1 ■* *~ " " ** *^^^*^***^**^**^^^^^*^‘*^^*^^* , *1 T ' oll -i VI P- r WELLSBOEO. TIOGA COUNTY. PA., WEDNESDAY MORNING. OCTOBER % 1861. | NO. 1 igs«r KfTfiTA^FOr' - J. c. tVHITTAKEB, Hydropathic Hainan -end Surgeon. SIKLAND, TIOGA CO., .PENNA. ri.it patients in nil pa.te of the! County, orre them for treatment jat bib ho.ase. t [Jane »,]. J. I TTORNEY and coonselllr at law , Wellsboro, Tioga Co., Fa.' Will devote his , uclnaively to the practice of Collections 1. any of the Northern' counties of Ponnsyl ““ - -■ n0v21,60 '^ijrasimsi^HocsE. -ftntr ot Jfoie Street and the Avenue 4 WelUloro, Pa, J. W. UIGONY, PROPRIETOR. Tjis popular Hotel, having been re-fitted and re ' failed throughout, is now open to the public as a Iftfrlass house. ________ IZAAK W ALTOS HOUSE, [4, C. YEHMIIYEA, PROPRIETOR. Gaines, Tioga County, Pa. THIS is anew hotel located within easy access o the bc-t fishing and hunting grtmnds in Northern Et So pains will be spared for the- accommodation ,1 plei«nre seekers and the traveling public. April 12, 1860. - cite. CAMPB)!LI, BARBER AND BAIB'd}eSSEE. SHOP in the rear of the Post Ofiict; Everything in his lioe will bo done as well aril promptly as it nbe done in the city saloons. Pr paragons' for re mite dandruff, and beautifying *ie hair, for sale kip. Hair and whiskers dyed an.’ijoolor. Call and ra. ffcllsboro, Sept. 22, 1859. ’ j THE CORNING 10l RNAL. Stage W. Pratt, Editor « I proprietor. - T 3 published at Corning, Steuben v 10., JJ. Y., at One I Dollar and Fifty Cents per advance. The InraiUs Republican in politics, *jd has a circula te retching into every part of Sf|hben County.— Hose desirous of extending their business into that ud the adjoining counties will find i t an excellent ad nrtuing medium. Address os ah or! WELESHpH ■wellsbobJ - -PROPRIETOR, (tiled StMet Hotel.) 8,8. FARR, ' [Formerly of the XJ\ | Savins leased this well j Wiciu the patronage of tj tad obliging waiters, togej knowledge of the business «f those who ' stop with ijrecable. * ITellsboro, May 31, IS6 > (mown add popular House, ;he 'public. With attentive Iher wit* the Proprietor's he hople to htake the stay him -Voth pleasant and FRA PICTURE Toilet glasses, Pc Engravings, Needle tbs ncaest manner, in p .lose Wood, Black Walou ions leaving any article fi next day framed in any s . them. Specimens at •trails, t, turr;E, Certificates . iVorb, i ~ 4c-. framed in Lin and • imjm'ented Gilt. It, OakjW. Ac. Per ir receive them ;yle they Jtish afid hung for imith’s: boos stoke. EDICT -pt. »., | E. B. BEN ¥OULD inform the located in Elkla: is prepared by thirty uses of the eyes and th principles, and that be I I —dreadful disease, called! Suncii V!t!,) and will aft the line of Physic and 8 Elkland Boro, August! public thai ids permanently lid Boro,'Jpgi Co- Pa-, and 11V experie ice fo (treat all dis beir appendages on scientific lean caro'- irithout fail, that I St. Vitu^’Dance, [Chorea end to any er business in urgery. . I* 1 I? 8, IB6o*. ;I - J ND FiJID STORE fj LOUR IISBOttO. IN WE respeotfuJ& inform the people y that a FEEII -STORE The snbscriberVould and-vicing FLOUR & j eon's Drug Stoircjion Main St., Jtantly on' jeanjt ne good nn as* id FEED ta cjin he found in all sell clj lap {for cash. AlqgjT I ;} f. ‘ We door above Bn Gibi '’tare he will keep couji •ttrtment o( FLOUR ai the market, whlch'ho wi •i large assortment of Choice Wines an| I ijiiqnor^ a superior quality, apd warral led .’free from adal kration, which he sell to Li an do th era wholesale, cheaper tiTan aqy 0; in -Northern Pennsylvania, i ; J« EA^ON* - Wellsboro, Dec. 19, JB6O. (l J U~j • jpUARLESTON" TRILLS.— . 'W'KIQHT •&L BJ li; •Having secured the he <t mills in are now Urepared to do ■ <tonom Work, 9Ker!;hant Work, in fact, everything that can \>b done in Country so as to give pet feet satisf jction* • JLODR, MEAL A.' JD FEED, " AT WHOLESALE 0 : 1 RETAIL, ‘toot store io -,Well6«oro, or i‘ i the mill. Cash or exchanged for grain n{ tKt maffcef price. ‘ All goods delivered itqq of ett yg& wiitbin the corpo nhon. . f WRI i BAILEY. ffellshoro.Pcb. 13,10,861. 'i f PasaiONAßtp Mill CNTERT SHOP, •' main e t., wel; ißboalo. . Hiss JA.UIiIIiE SMITH) is just purchased her PALL AHD WINTiIR *OOOS, Consisting, of Strais of all 1 fands.Pattom Hats, ~™.mer Hats, Tlowira. Volvo BUM of »U tmds, in foot T- l ; ' • ALL .TONUS OP i’EIM MINGS." solicits a call fJom the ladies of Wellsboro and »tcnuty, feeling confident that’ ’ ' , SEfi GOODS' JILL BEAR INSPECTION, ‘ favor* jly with those of; any •establish id toe cotitty; in regard to price. BtEACHI2 te ANJ> JPEESSIN# 4<me in a ,j\ the residence *f C. WiHiaaas, oppo a|- ■ WHEAT %Q 9&. tip toipad cheap, at : rTwaiaars. •RY. [OTEL. } bis old ias taken in good :o Hotel, traveling ways’ on [ART. lOW, W, will [oKean the ig to and 'I | BE JAMES H. DANi|. “ And yqu are willing be shot Id go ?” “Why riot," answered the young wife en thusiastically. “ I should d 'spiae myself, Adele,]if I Was not willing to gWe my husband to my country. France needs nil her eons in this extremity. I thank God I have Henri to offer on hef altar.” Her l sister shrugged her shqulders. " Tcu always wete rontantic, my dear," she said.— “ For my I art, if I hand a banc some husband, a splendid testate in Normandy, n hotel in Paris, diamonds, I cashmere, equipagds, servants, as you have, ! should not be willing to risk them so slightly Suppose Henri is killed. You will be a widow, and, for a time at east, can enjoy none pf thjse things." j “■Ohl i dele, how can you | talk so? Has not tbjs good father lacoire Been telling us, ever since |we were children, trial the curse of modetfn times was its materialistic view of life ? That to eajf, drink, and be tnerfy seemed to be the whole purpose of That luxury had corroped national virtue S That the day of heroism had passed ? How often has my heart swelled against these imputations, for I will not believe that human nature has sunk so low! : No| I have often told him, the diviner partslof olir race have not all died out We are stjill capable, vre women, ol' making sacri fices for opr country; and our husbands, fath ers, bjrothfers, sons, still capable of dying for it. I could, myself, if the occasion called for it, be, I hope, a iecond Joan of Arc I never loved Henn baß eo well as since he came home, the other dayj and told fie, that, in this crisis of France's fate, he bad determined to offer her bis swordl and, if necessary, 1 is life. We can die but opce. What more glorious than to die in a holy fcause!” And the yi ung wife looked sublime tm she spoke it. Natalia had been married but a year or two. Her (hearty, accomplishments, any amiability had won (for her, at eighteen, the heart of the young jdd Tankervilje, the g: eatest match of the seasJn. Passionately attached to each other, they spent the houry continually to gether : pey read, they, did] every t tbing in. company! The life they led qua more like an idyl than?like a life in modern society and in Paris. |n the midst of thip dream of bliss came thq news of the retreat from Moscow. All Enrobe itose against Fraice. The Empe roi, beaten pack from Dresden to Leipsic, and froW Leipsic fo the Rhine, Was making a last despleratf effort to retrieve t(ie fortune of the nation. St was in this extremity that the young coopt stepped forward. His father had been a constitutional royalist in the last days of Louis XYI, add though the family) had never emi grated, fit had never, on the other band, at tached itself to the fortunes pf Napoleon. So long as fee great Emperor pursued hie career of conquest, so long the Tankerville* held aloof from him. But now, when pe question was not Nawtfeon, but the nation! the young count felt thatTthe time had come when hi? country demanded 1 bis services. In view of the dismem berment of France, what wire lands, houses, life itself? “ Save the nation I" was the cry. thatros| to every patriotic lip! Women brought, their jewels, teen brought jheir lives. .Fore most among these were Henri and his wife. • “Well,” said Adele, who had one of those, «oid, seifish natures, that.could not understand, bow anybody could do anything noble or he-, roie, “a think yon and your husband mad. — Bat gotfour own ways." j “ I wish you were mad id the same way.—: Wo arq mad as Leonidas was mad, as Tell was ■ mad, a# Bruce was mad, as every other hero, was mld that baa died fori liberty. It is not now a Question of the Emppror. Tt is a ques tion offcountry. It is not whether Napoleon shall reign, but whether France shall be dis membered. It is whether t|e flag of the nation, o iCWbI, iUGH, ji.. ", V Y s •.U .'I LYON - Sing bird, on-green Missouri's pliln, The saddest seng of sorrew; j Drop tear!, Oh clouds! in gentlest rain Ye fron| the winds can borrow j Breathe opt, ye winds, year softest sigh. Weep, flowers, in dewy splendor, For him Who knew well how to dse, Bat Defer to surrender. 1 Uprfse serene the August sun j , Upon that day of glory j j Upcurledtfrom musket and from j pin, . The wgr-cloud gray and hoary It gathered like a funeral pall, Now broken and now blended, When rang the bugle’s angry cal', And mink with rank contended Four thousand men, as brave an I true 'As e’ef went forth in daring, Upon the foe that morning threw The st|ength of tbeir despairing. ; They feared no death—men blesi the field That patriot soldiers died on-f- Fair Freedom’s cause was swordjand shield, And el their bead was Lyon! ' Their leader’s troubled sonl look ed forth From byes of troubled bright! ess; Sad soul! the burden of the Noi th Had pressed out all its lightn ;ss. He gazed upon the unequal figl t, His rduks all rent and gory, And felu the shadows close like i light Rouup his career of glory. “General, coma lead us!” loud I hey cry, Fromia brave band was ringii g— “iJead ib, and we will stop, or die. That battery’s awful singing,| He spurred to where his heroes {stood, Twice wounded—no wound Knowing— The firejof battle in his blood { And *n his forehead glowing. Ob, culled for aye that traitor’s band. And Inrsed that aim so deadly, ' Vhicb Smote the bravest of th<T land, Andnyed his bosom redly !-- Serene lie lay while post him pressed The battle's furious billow, As calmly .as a babe may rest Upoif its mother’s pillow. 5o Lyop died ! and well may flowers His place of burial cover. For Defer had this land of oar! | A mere devoted lover. Living! his country was his bride, His Efe ho gave her dying; - Life, fortune, love—he naught denied To Her, and to her sighing. Best, FatrioCijithy hill-side grave, Beside her forWwho bore th so I Long may the land thou died’t t to save I Hermannered siars wave o’i r thee! Upon jer history’s brightest page, i Ancl on. Fame’s glowing poral, She’ll tarite thy grand, heroic age, Andp;rave thy name immoral. THp LEGION OF HINOE, that glorious tricolor which waved at Marengo and Austerlitz, ehall be trailed in the dost, or shall still bring tears to the eyes of Frenchmen when they see it, in foreign lands, floating from the mast head.” We, wfll not dwell on the parting of husband and wife. Natalie bore op heroically. Not Lady Russell, when leaving her lord on that sad morning of his execution; controlled her self more nobly than did Natalie now. But when the door had closed on ; Henri, when she heard the clatter of his .horse's feet down the street, then she flung herself bn. her bed, and wept os if her heart was breaking. It mas an eventful winter. - A battle was fought almost daily, j Like a lion in the toils, Napoleon turned first oh one and then on an other of bis foes, and always unexpectedly.— In the brightest days of bis intellect he bad never been so terrible as now., Henri was fore most in all these battles. Once he saved the Emperor’s life. The cross of the legion of honor soon decked bis breast. IHe received the decoration from Napoleoq’s own band, on the very day that he heard Natalie had presented him with a son. But the genius of the Empe ror and the valor of his troops were of no avail. Treachery was at work at Paris, while Napo leon was absent in the Campaign. The capital was surrendered. Napoleon wo« forced to ab dicate. Every one knows what followed. The Bour bons came back, forgetting, nothing, os was said, and forgiving nothing. , Ah 1 my bleeding country," Henri would cry to his young wife. At other times it was, “ Oh I for one hour with the pld Emperor.” At last the nation could bear it no longer. Napoleon landed ; the army rose in his favor; the king fled; a constitution was proclaimed. Once more the young coant buckled on his sword. N “ Again I say, go,” was his wife’s heroic parting, “ and again and again. I will stay at home and pray. I think, sometimes, it is harder for women than for men. You have the ex citement of the campaign. But we can only wait and wait, from one dreary day to an other ; we can only pray and pray through the sleepless hours of nightr Do not suppose, because I say this, I would keep you back.— Go, and may God crown you with victory: or if not: ” “If not,” said her husband, interrupting her, “ I stay on the battle-field.” Alas! it was a prediction. A few days later, when the old Guard, at the end of that terrible bottle of Waterloo, closed up their ranks, and to the demand to lay down their arms, replied, “ The Guard dies but never surrenders," Henri de Tankerville, fighting with the bravest, and fighting longest almost of all, sank under a dozen wounds. h. p. Did his wife regret what she had done? " No, no,” she cried, in answer to the cruel re proaches of her sister, “fl would send him forth again, if I could. I would rather be the widow, a thousand times over,” she added, with flashing eyes, "of a soldier who had died for his country, than the petted wife of one who had failed France in her hour of need, fur such would be either a coward or traitor.” Nor did she ever think otherwise. In' after years,-rich and titled suitors solicited her hand ; but she lived faithful to the memory of her lost Henri. Her chief consolation was to take her. child, as soon as he was able to understand her, and showing him the cross of the legion of honor, which his father had won in battle point afterward to the portrait which hung over head, and bid him emulate the heroism and patriot ism of the departed. “It is a prouder inhsritance to you, darling,” she would say, kissing him passionately, “than if ho had left you a throne. Think how your heart will glow, in years to come, when you see men pointing to you, and saying, ‘His fath er, too, was one of the grand army.’ ”—Peter son’t Magazine. A WEAPON OE DEATH, A Whiskey bottle mounted on a gun char riage, as a field piece, is the latest conceit of Binniuger the great, who is welcome to this ad vertisement we shall give him. The design is an excellent one and highly appropriate. Nev er cannon hnlimbdred, or, columbiad brought to bear, that has equaled Whiskey as a weapon of death. Talk of long range guns—three, four or five miles. Why, Whiskey' once killed a brave young fellow on the Pacific const, and the same shot went clear across the Continent and killed the sailors boy’s mother, in, Maine. That’s a range that will do to talk of. We are in the midst of war and preparations of war. Ah immense activity prevails in the invention and manufacture of the weapons, of death. ■> 1 Rifle factories are busy and. huge forges groan os the columbiads take shape beneath the hammer. Yet cot a weapon shall go forth in this war more distructive to the armies of the Government and Rebellion alike, than that which is before us in the similitude of a cannon mounted upon a tiny truck— Whiskey. The list of the “killed and missing” before the war is,over, will be something fearful to contemplate, and what a,list of “ wounded” will come back to us, all to down to this des troyer that will follow the camp and more than decimate every company of the brave fellows, who will meet no fiercer or more relentless foe. It will entrap and slay them singly, guerilla fashion; it will muddle the brains of the field officers, and whole ranks will be mowed down as the penalty. It will do no harm for oar soldiers to be warned of this in. time; for the appointed pow er bo times to advise of the necessity that no friend, to this enemy of bur troops; be placed in command, where the Colonel or the General of Brigade or Division, may be wrought upon by whiskey and brave men pay the penalty. An enraged gentleman, addressing, from his chamber window, a youth who had been ser enading his daughter half an hour said: “ Yon are a great bore, and I think you intend to keep on boring until you get water,” adding, “here it is,” emptying a pitckorfull upon bis head. ' , , i, WHITTINGTON AND HIS CAT. It seems that this, legend of the nursery is based at least upon historical truth. The Rev. Samuel Lysbns bos published his proofs ; and we take the following from a review of bis book in the Gentleman's Magazine : “ Richard Whittington was t!he third son of Sir William jC bittington, of Psuntley, in Glou cestershire, descended of a good and ancient family, bat who were then in straitened cir cumstances ; and Sir William -died, an outlaw when Richard was only two years old. Trade wai then, ns now,'a common resource for the yootoger sonn of good families; and, as there wees no roads and no stage-coaches in the days le Third—and it is nnt probable jpy, the younger json of a reduced afford to have a horse of Ijis own i improbability in the story that iralk to London, and gladly availed pack-horse on the way. Mr. Ly iuccs what appears to him good tiering that the story of the cat is i. He has, at all events clearly Whittington did marry bis master’s d that he was three times Lord ndon. one of the most wealthy of the ant princes/ of his day, and also ost pious and most munificent.— y lent large suras of money to the roved by extracts from the rolls; y of his burning the bonds may He was a mercer by trade, (ind wedding irolisseaux to the Prin he and Philippa, daughters of Hen jh. That he built the nave of West bey is proved by the Royal Com tbis purpose, a. d, 1415, printed in v to Mr. Lysons’ volume. lie also of .Edward tl th4t a mere I hofse, could —there is n( he set out to himself of a sons also ad reason for b< literally trm proved that' daughter, an Mayor of L< ■** He was great merchji one of the n He frequent] king, as is p and the stoi also be true, supplied the rases Blanc ry the minster Abj mission fur the append! ipel attached to Guildhall, and en- Ihuroh of St. Michael, Paternoster, ) was buried; be also built and built the thj dotted the C in which hi glazed the windows of the hall itself; be found ed and endowed a college, and be left money to rebuild lhe prison of Newgate. Pennant, after mentioning the rebuilding of Newgate by Whittington’s executors, says: ‘His statue, with the cat, remained in a niche to its final demolition, on the rebuilding of the present prisnn. It was destroyed in the fire of 16G6, and rebuilt in its lats forpi.’ In 1421, Whit tington began the foundation of the library of the Grey Friars’ Monastery,,in Newgate street. This noble building was one hundred and twenty-nini i feet long, thirty-one feet in breadth, entirely celled with wainscot, with twenty-eight wainscot d< sks, and eight double Settees. The cost of furnishing it with books was five hun dred and fifty-six pounds ten shillings, of which tour hundred pounds (equal: to four thousand pounds of our present money) was subscribed by Whittington. .The edifice still remains in tolerable preservation, and forms the north side of the great cloister of Christ's Hospital; hav ing in two places an escutcheon with the arms of Whittington. On the ordinances, or rules, for the reg Ration of his college, is an illumina tion representing Whittington stretched on a tester bed, ibis body naked and emaciated with sickness ; his bedside surrounded by his (four) executors; his physician, and a group of twelve bedesmen, recipients of his icharities. An en graving by Reginald Elstrajck, who flourished about 150(), professes to be(a • vera effigies, or true likeness, of that most: illustrious gentle man, Richard Whittington,(Knit.;’ and repre sents him an his robes as lord mayor, with a collar of SS, and his hand resting ton a very pretty catj ■ It is pleasant to find such grounds for believing this favorite story of our child hood a true story after all; and that, to the de lighted ears of a real flesh and blood personage. Bow Bella once seemed to sing, or say, ‘Turn again, Whittington, Lord Mayor of London.’ ’’ A REAL LADY. “ Yes, indade, she’s a rale lady,” said an Irish girl admiringly, wh|>m we passed the other day in the street; “ her hand is as white as pot cheese, and you wouldn’t know she was in the hopse, she is so quiet.” We confess to sharing the poor girl’s admi ration for the “ rale” lady, even tp the “ white” hand, provided its pressure is soft and kindly, the brow iabove it indicative of pure thoughts and womanly aspirations, and the heart be; neath the rich drapery generous and sympa thetic. lit is a pity to think that there are so fex women of the real lady stamp; they are recognized anywhere by the inherent tact and exquisite grace which is part of their birth-, right, and as they are always perfectly attired with the same instinct of true artistic taste, are-good and beautiful to look at, as any other admirable work of God or man. One thor oughly bred lady is a better educator of taste and manner than a dozen teachers at enormous salaries; every color she wears, every combi nation she suggests, every movement she makes is a jess, whose effect may be seen and noted' in future) generations, if we could only pene trate beneath the surface of things. How easy it is to recognize her presence in a car, a steamboat, or wherever there is a public assemblage 1, How her quiet self-possession contrasts with the fidgety of the majority! o£women Her dress seems to adjust itself without any trouhlje; its colors are so well chosen as to present no remarkable fea tures, and nothing to remember but its perfec tion, She is as charming an object for contem plation as a lovely landscape, a fine picture, or anything else which, satisfies one’s ideas of beauty and fitness, j . A vulgar fine lady is a« different from this as can well be imagined $ her presence is rec ognised by her show and pretension. Her col ors are the brightest, and Arrayed so os to pro-, dace the most glaring contrasts. Her exag gerated robe is always spread out to its utmost amplitude, and she exacts the sacrifice of every' other person’s comfort to her conve nience. The vulgar woman is economical to mean ness, excepting when the object is her own personal gratification, and then she can be ex travagant enough; the genuine lady on the contrary, is liberal wheat others are concerned, and if she finds-it, necessary to exercise econ omy, dues so in her personal expenditures.— j She Joe* not indulge in large outlay for pastry andperfumes, and oat her seamstress and wash erwoman down to starvation prices, or perhaps neglecp to pay. them at all. She surrounds herself with beauty, because she loves it, and can properly afford the luxury, but not at the sacrifice of justice, or even generosity. 1 i ~ QUALIFICATIONS FOB PBOVIBIOHAX. * | CEETIFICATEB. | TO COUNTY SUPERINTENDENTS. It desirable that a uniform standard of qualifications for Provisional Certificates shall be observed in every part of the State. To that end, the following instructions have been pre pared!; 1. Moral Character is the first qualification of a teacher; and admission to the profession is not! to be based on the .mere absence of open objection in this respect. Positive knowledge of propriety of conduct, is to be a pre-requisite. In the absence of satisfactory evidence on this point! the certificate should be withheld till re liable] information is procured; and in case of ascertained delinquency, it is to be refused en tirely! no matter what the other qualifications. 2. Scholarship, to secure a Provisional Cer tificate, must be of as high a grade, in the branches included, as the supply- of teachers in the county will afford. In the numerical scale! No. 1, (see note at the foot of the form of certificate,) is to represent attainments equal to a Professional Certificate ; No. 5, will indicate such |a degree of deficiency as should prevent the issue of any certificate whatever ; while the Nos. |2, 3, and 4, will designate the various dif ferences of qualification within the range of al lowable Provisional Certificates. Few coun tiesfhowever, should now be so low in the grade of their teachers, ns to be compelled to employ any worse than No. 3, except perhaps in geog raphy and.grammar; and whatever the maxi mum of deficiency allowed by the examining officer, no certificate should be issued with num bers (greater than that maximum. The numbers in the respective branches should represent, at least, the following degrees of scholarship: Orthography —s. Failure to spell the majori ty of the common words proposed, with total ignorance of the rules of orthography, 4. Ability from practice to spell common words correctly, but failure in some of the more difficult and rarely used words, with ignorance of the principles of orthography. 3. Ability,'from practice, to spell correctly all the words of the language in general use, without any knowledge of the principles of or thography. 2 V Ability to spell correctly all the words of the language, with some knowledge of the gen eral principles of orthography. 1. Ability to spell without hesitation, any word in the English language, and to explain and apply the principles which govern its or thography. Reading —s. Inability to read without fre quently miscalling the words or hesitation in pronouncing them, with ignorance of punctu ation. , 41 Sufficient readiness in naming the words, but,with disregard to punctuation and want of vocal modulation, : 3. Faculty in enunciation, with considerable knowledge of punctuation and power of vocal modulation, but without knowledge ofUhe ele mcritary sounds of the language and principles of elocutionary reading. 2. Ability to read readily in a clear voice, with correct pronunciation and modulation, with faculty in the use of the phonetic sounds and some knowledge of elocution. I. Ability to read passages in different styles, in prose and verse, with such facility and com majnd of tone, inflection, emphasis,) &c., as to render the true sentiment-of the author : and a satisfactory knowledge of the principles and rules of elocutionary reading. Writing —s. The bare ability-to commit words to paper legibly, but withoutbeauty or uniform ity) ol character, or proper position of" the per son, and correct holding of the pen. 4. Power to writs with'some facility and uni formity of character, but without proper posi tion, or any knowledge of the elementary forms involved in the letters. - 3. A good and uniform had, with correct po sition of person and pen, but without knowl edge of the elementary forms of the letters. 2. A beautiful baud, with propriety of posi tion and a full knowledge , of the elementary forms of the letters. |l. A beaotiful hand and great facility of ex ecution, with propriety of position of the per sop and band, and a knowledge of the reasons, therefor; and the ability to, delineate the "prin ciples” of any standard system of penmanship, and to make a correct classification of the let ters, and in addition, to bo able to represent, rojpidly and accurately, letters, diagrams and th’e figures of objects, upon slate or black board, I ; Mental Arithmelic —5. Totab unacquaintancc with this, as a separate department of mental discipline in arithmetic. 1 4. Some readiness in giving the correct re sult to an ordinary question, but without the power of giving any account of its solution. |'3. Considerable facility in the Primary men tal arithmetic and (accuracy of solution, but 1 without the power of instantaneous reproduc-1 tioo or repetition of the question proposed. ■ 2. Proficiency in the processes of the Prima ry mental arithmetic, with the power of prompt reproduction, accurate solution and satisfactory explanation. ! j 1. Power to apprehend instantaneously, re produce promptly, solve intelligibly and explain clearly, any problem within the ordinary scope of mental analysis. W ritten Arilhmttc—s. Failure in the princi ples of notation, numeration and of the four* primary rules, or any of ithem. j 4. Considerable proficiency in notation and numeration and the four primary rules, but in accuracy and want of readiness in their combi nations in fractions, reduction, proportion and interest. ; 3. Respectable faculty in solving questions in. the ordinary rules and combinations of written -arithmetic, without ability to satisfactorily ex plain the principles involved. 1 2. Faculty iu solving all ordinary questions. Bates of Advertising. Advertisements will be charged $1 persqaare of 1# lines, one or three insertions, and 26 cents for every subsequent insertion. Advertisements of less than 10 lines considered as a square. The subjoined rates 'Till bo charged for Quarterly, Half-Yearly and Yearly ad vertisements ; I { 8 vottrss. 6 nosing. IS >oktb» ! $3,00 $4,50 $6,00 6,00 6,60 8,00 . 7,00 8,60 10,00 Square, - ( - 2 do. i 3 do* * 8,00 9,50 12,50 15,00 20,00 80,00 i column, • { • 4 do. . Column, - . 25,00 36,00 60,0 f Advertisements not having thennmber of insertiot t desired marked,upon them, trill be published until or* dere’d ont and charged accordingly. Posters, Handbills, Bill-Heads, Letter-Heads andsll kinds of jobbing done In country establishments, ex. ecuted neatly and promptly. Justices’, Constable's, and other BLANKS constantly on hand. . with considerable ability to explain and apply principles. 1. Ability to solve any problem In common arithmetic, to explain the principles of the va rious prooessess and abbreviated modes of op eration, and to logically show how results are produced; with a good knowledge of book-keep-' ing. Geography -I—s. Entire absence of knowledge of the science, as derived from books. 4. Some knowledge in the local details of de scriptive geography, without accuracy in the definition and use 'of terms. 3. Correctness in the definition of the terms of descriptive geography, and sufficient knowl edge of the relative position of countries and prominent localities, with faculty in map-draw ing otrthe black-board. 2. General accuracy in descriptive geogra phy, and its definitions; respectable aetjuain tence with 1 the astronomical relation- of the earth to the solar system '; and sufficient knowl edge of physical geography ta account for cli mate and production and map-drawing. - 1. A sound general knowledge of deserip- . tive, physical and mathematical geography, with facility 1 in presenting illustrations to the eye, in accounting for physical conditions, nat ural productions and in suggesting the histori cal associations of interesting localities. Grammar ,—s. Entire ignorance of grammar as a science, with the habitual use of incorrect language. 4. Knowledge of etymology without skill in the syntactical relation of, words, but with com-' parative propriety in the use of the languages 3. A sound knowledge of grammar, as inclu- I ding orthography, etymology, syntax and pros ody, with the power to compose, capitalise, j punctuate and paragraph correctly; an ac-. ] quaintance with jthe nature and"methods of or- ' al grammar and ability to instruct therein, and the habitual use of grammatical language. 2. A sound knowledge of the elements of grammar, with facility in explanation and in struction ; familiarity with the laws of written composition, and a respectable knowledge of the logical analysis of sentences, and the use of correct language. 1. General knowledge of grammar as a scl- ' ence, with facility in logical analysis, acquaint ance with the derivation of words, skill in the various styles, habitual use of correct language, and facility ip explanation. Other Branches— lt is recommended that candidates for the provisional certificate, be not examined in branches other than those above named, which constitute the courses; enjoined by law. There may be exceptions to this rale; bat it is to be borne in mind, that the ol jeet of the law evidently is to sectire, by proficiency in the enumerated studies, a solid foundation for higher acquirements. 111. Professional skill consists in a knowledge of ths theory of teaching, derived from treat ies or lectures; and the practice of teaching, based partly on instruction, bat chiefly on indi vidual experience. In the former, the candi date is to be questioned and proficiency marked at the examination, as in any other branch; but in the latter, though practical questions will necessarily be put at the examination, the candidate’s standing is not then to be designa ted by number. This is only to be done after visitation! of the school and observation of the practical failure or success of the methods em ployed. ! _ Theory of Teaching—hi Ignorance of the fact that there is a science of teaching. , 4. Recognition of the fact that there is such a science, with somg knowedge of its princi ples and relations,to the human mind, but de rived wholly from experience in the school. 3. Considerable knowledge of the theory of teaching, embracing modes of organising the school, classification, methods of construction, school teachers’ responsibility, &c., derived from standard works on education, with evidence‘of attendance on district and county institutes. 2. Satisfactory knowledge of the theory of teaching from the perusal of standard works and periodical, or from Normal instruction, and the study ot mental science; with a knowl edge of the Constitution of the United States and of this State, and of the school system of Pennsylvania, together with membership iu the local organizations for the advancement of the profession. , , 1. Knowledge of the chief Iheoriea of teaoh iug'and methods of _ instruction that have been promulgated, with reasons for the preference of such as the candidate may have adopted; proficiency in- mental and moral science,, as relating to modes and means of culture.; fa miliarity with forma of government, and the school .systems of. other States an I and active membership iu the. local professional organizations. Practice of Teaching —s. Failing to effect proper attendance, order, or progress, iu the school. . t 4. Medium attendance, order, and progress but without satisfactory qualification or regu larity of method. 3.-Good attendance,, order and progress, with sufficiently good classification and meth ods of instruction, but without neatness in the - school-room and grounds, or high moral tuuo in the pupils. 2. Satisfactory attendance,,order, progress and methods, with well kept school-house and ‘ grounds, and improved moral tone in the school, but little interest on the part of the commu nity. 1. Large average attendance, perfect order, satisfactory progress', neatly kept aebool-bodse ' and grounds, high moral tone -in the schools, and due interest manifested by the community. It cannot be oxpectnd that exactly the same combinations of qualification that are here grouped together, will always or even often bo found to exist. But a -general similarity in 1 each of the grades may be expected; and con ditions of knowledge or experience Equivalent to those now described, cun be adopted in their stead, in the awarding of certificates. Ttros. 11. IJi«ROWs, Supt. Com. Schools. School Department, Jl*y, IPfiJ,.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers