(
. (11T11[1
tit
tlattlity ournat.--gefiottli to Volitits, Agriculture, fiteraturt, fort* pomestic antr fitueral intellignut, fr.
ESTABLISHED IN 1813
1 1jJJ' I j 4( MI
PUBLISHED BY
R. W. JONES AND JAS. S. JENNINGS.
Waynesburg, Greene County, Pa.
11:70rwrvir. NEARLY OPPOSITE THE
PUBLIC SQUARE. .-II
tr 111 Set
'illinnitontrnow.- 2 . 0 ( ) in advance ; $225 at the et:
,101raltion of six months; $.2.50 after the expiration of
ilbe year.
Aavurriastexicrs inserted nt $1.50 per square for
iihree insertions, and 50 cts. a square fm each addition
al) insertion; (ten lines ea lees counted a squaw.)
Eira liberal eetteertrwt made to yearly advertisera.
irrlea PalArelse. Or all kinds. executed in the be-t
style, and on reasonsisk terms, at (,p"Messenger'
Job Write.
..hurn Vusintss Cubs.
_
ATTORNEYS•
•• •• PUILMAS• .7 O. RiTettlt
PITRIMLAN & RITCHIE.
ATTORNEYS AND cr betrg,itiNsEi.l.PaOES AT I. W
Wit yires.
_Or OrrirE—Mnin Street, one door east of
tike old B tnk Building.
rerS. II _ritziness to Greene, Washineton, and Fay
1.--ties entrusted to them, will receive lir6siu
vita Con. '
aviation. •,,
Si. i —Particular anent...
110111.101 4.lfretlAions. Bounty Moo
nta
maw ctaiasiniasttlie Government
Slept.
U. 1861-11,
letelittlirLe.. J. J. 11 - 17E7JUN.
lINEVONNELL do ECIFITIVLAN.
arroßNErs AND COUNSELLOR'S AT LAW
Waynesburg, Pa.
Oflice he the "Wright llt East Donr.
Scc.. will receive prompt attention.
Waynesburg. April 43,
DAVID CRA WFORD,
Attorney and Counsellor at Law. Offire the
Court House. Will attend promptly te all business
entrusted to his care.
Waynesburg. Pa.. July 30. 1863.-Iy.
I=l
BLACK & PH ELAN,
ATTORNEYS AND COUN - SEI.I.ORS AT LAW
Office in the Court Douse, Way Ile* ha ra.
Sept. 11,1861-Iv.
SOLDIERS' WAR CLAIMS:
D. R. P. HUSS,
•
ATTORNEY AT LAW, WAYNENBURO, PENN
AVI received from the War Department Wash
ington city. D. C., otlicial copit M . the eoverai
laws passed by Congress, and all ihe necessary Forma
and Instruction: , for the proi , ecetion and collection of
PICNSIONS, BOUNTY. BACK P.-11, doe dis
charged and disabled soldiers, their widows, orphan
ishilgren, widowed mothers. fathers, sisters and broth
era, which business, (upon doe notice) will he attend
edto promptly and accoratelv if entro,sed care
Office. No, 2. Campbells 'Row.— Aim' 8. 1863.
PHYSICIANS
Dr. T. W. doss ,
3P3harsicagan det eiturge•cazi,
Waynesburg, Greene Co., Pa.
Tsrice AND RESIDENCE ON MAIN STREET,
east, and nearly opposite the Wright house.
)nesbu-g, Aept. 23, 1653,
DR. A. 0. CROSS
WMILD very respectfully tender nis services ns
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON, to the people of
Waynesburg and vicinity. Ile hopes by a due appre
lblatloll of human life and health, and strict affeetion to
bassinirss. to [sterna share of public patronage.
Waynesburg. January 8, 1362.
IffERCEEANTS
WM. A. PORTER,
Wholesale and Renal Bea Jail in Foreign and Ponies
'Day Goods, Groceries, hintions, ike., Main Street.
Sept. IL Nal Iv.
MINOR & Co.,
'Dealers in Vnneirs aind Lomeinie Dry Condo, nil%
asties, queensware, Hardware and Notion*, oppo6ito
Green [louse, Melt, street.
Sept. 11, 1861-19.,
BOOT AND SHOE DEALERS
J. D. COSGRAY,
loot and Shoe maker. Main street, nearly opposite
AO "Farmer's and Drover's Bank." Every style of
Goole and Shoes constantly on hand or made to order.
Sept. IL 1861-Iy.
GROCERIES & VARIETIES
JOHN MUNNELL,
paler in Groceries and Confectionaries, and Yartety
eliond • Generally. Wilson's Nrw Building, Main street.
Sept. 11. 1861-Iy.
WATCHES AND JEWELRY
S. M. BAILY,
Main street, opposite the Wright !louse keeps
always on hand a large and elegant WialllrtlTlZla of
Watches and Jewelry.
KETRepairing of Clocks, Watches and Jewelry wit
receive prompt att ntioo IPlee. 15. 1/461 ly
BOOKS , &c.
LEWIS DAY,
Deader in School and Miscen“neous nooks, Station
er', Ink, Magazines and Papers. One door east el
Phil.?. ,4 l.nne. Maio rztrPelt Iv
SADDLES AND HARNESS.
SAMUEL M'ALLISTER,
Meddle, Harness and Trunk Maker. old Bank Bulld
og, Main street.
Sept. 11, 1861—le
BANK.
FAMERS' & DROVERS' BANK,
Waynesburg. Pa.
C. A. BLAQK. Pres't. .1. I,AZEA R. Cashier .
DISCOUNT DAY.
WEDNESDAY
tempt 11 I.st -le
cues' lanbing.
i DAILY MAU, HACK
RUNNING REGI'LARLY BET% -EEN
111111115 Pill INITIIIIIIB
THE nridersiened respectfotty informs the venermis
Public, that having the contract for tiro carrying , f the
.
between the aboye points, he has placed tip th e
'route two new and commodious Hacks for the ac
'emitiniumeidertion of the travnl4ng montotteity, One Wit
leave the Idatn't 110“-e, Waynesburg, every morn
, itsog, mondaye except...o, at 7V o'clock, and will arrive
, 01. Riese' Landing in time for the ITC•9,ILO Pittebargh.
"0
• other wilt leave Rices' Landing at the sante time
head:arrive in Wayeesbure at noon. No pains will be
spared for the accommodation of passengers,
TIMOTiIY DOUGHER, Proprietor.
• spot 7th, 1861. no. 9.
. . WAYWESBURG STE4,M MILL.
•
IL EOGEM a respeetfully Warta his friends and
: . th e pe4V Ibe has leased the NEW STEAM
streadyW47.toedshamenOningrd.
nE Pa ate ., c d s i ts w re t, :e rna. lli can alw o a n ys the be
ethetheet Grinding done on the was tenor as
wow: ' , Loma and FEED 'opt constantly
w i g .
t .
o r sea le* *the "Bert
I s
o w ha
yealiell."oo. Wig, • It MB
' . .
n will lie given to the col-
Back Pay, and
JOHN PHELAN
Jeltrt , _ I! ottrg.
Memory.
A pen—to register; a key—
That winds through secret wards,
Are well assigned to 'Memory
By allegoric bards.
As aptly also might be given
A pencil to her hand;
That, softening objects, sometimes even
Outstrips the heart's demand;
That smooths foregone distress, the linE, , s
Of lingering care subdues,
•
Long-vanished happiness refines,
And clothes in brighter hues;
like a fool of ranc-y, worke.
Tho:e spectree tv ()nate,
That stark.: conscience, as she lurks
'Within her ik.'nelY seat.
Ol that our lives which flee so fast,
In purity were such,
That not an image of the past
Should fear that pencil's touch.
•
R et hvuent then might hourly look
Upon a sooL L '.'"g scene;
Age steal to his allotted nook
pontented and serene.
With heart as calm as lakes IL,2t , sleep
In frosty moonlight glistening;
Or mountain rivers, where they creep
Along a channel smooth and deep,
To their own far-otT murmurs listening
Wordsworth.
GIVE.
See the rivers flowing
Downward to the sea,
Pouring all their treasures,
Bountiful and free,
Yet to help their giving,
Bidden springs arise ;
Or, if need be, showers
Feed them from the skies
Watch the princely flowers
Their rich fragrance sprerd,
Load the air with perfumes,
From their beauty shed;
Yet their lavish spending,
Leaves them in the ilettrth,
With fresh liie replenished
By their mother earth !
Give thy heart's best treasures,
From fair Nature learn ;
Give thy love and ask not,
Wait not a return !
And the more thou spendest
From thy little store,
With a double bounty,
God will give thee more.
7:1 i
satlautoo.
Speaking but Once.
A STORY FOR BOYS
Two gentlemen were riding together
in a hack, the other day, when the name
of a young lawyer of good talents and
promise was mentioned, upon which the
elderly gentleman said: "That is one of
my boys." "Yes, was the reply "I have
understood so."
Tho elderly gentleman resumed:
"Some twenty years ago. I was visiting
my brother in Worcester county, and
just as I was about returning home, he
said to me: Don't you want a boy?—
"Yes, I said, if I can get a good one.''
''Well," said my brother, "I've got a
good one, if there ever was one. I've
got a boy that doesn't need speaking to
but once."
•'I took the boy, and after he had been
with me three months, attending school,
I asked him how he should like to conic
and live with me. He said he should
like i' I asked him if any one had
any c.aim upon him—for he was an or
phan. He replied "No." .
"Finding afterward that a gentleman
in Worwster cJunty pretended to have
such a claim, I told the boy that he had
better go and see him, and have it all
settled. He went, and matters were all
arranged, and he soon returned to live
with me.
..One day, at the examination of the
school in our district, the committee,
who was a clergyman, came to me with
the inquiry, 'What I was going to do
with that boy?' Uli,' said I, kI suppose
he will learn some trade.' 'lie ought
to do that,' said the committee. •He'll
never be contented. lie loves his books
too well."
"These few words set me to thinking,
and I finally said to Johnnie: 'Wouldn't
you like to fit for college? It you would,
I will help you.' Johnnie said he would
like it very much, but be had no means,
after being fitted, to take him through.
sald I, 'if you do not wish to
study, you had better learn some trade '
Johnnie selected atrade, and I found him
a good master iu L with whom he
served his time."
'•Finding that he 'kept at his books at
the close of his apprenticeship, I said to
his master, 'lf you will take hold with
me, we will send that boy through col-
My proposition was arreed to.
Alter a year or two in the high school,
Johnnie, was adMitted to college, and in
due time ) 'graduated with credit to him-
WAYNESBURG, GREENE COUNTY, PA., WEDNSDAY, DECEMBER 7, 1864.
self and his friends, and I am not asham
ed to call him my boy."
Boys, I have written these few lines
so that this fact may not be lost—that
at least one boy has become an educated,
highly respected, and promising young
lawyer, because he was known as a boy
who didn't need speaking to but once..---
I know this young man well, and I re
gard him with great esteem. Nor do I
believe he will ever be left to disgrace
his kind benefactors. Will you not try
and be like him?-- Congregationalist.
Curious Cafouls tions.
The simple interest of one cent, at six
per cent, per annum, from the com
menceinent of the Christian era to the
close of the year, 3863, would be but
the trifling sum of eleven dollars seven
teen cents and eight mills; but it the
same principal, at the sime rate and
time, had been allowed to accumtilate
at compound interest, it would require
the enormous sum of 84,840,000,000,-
000 of globes of solid gold, each equal
to the earth in magnitude, to pay the
interest; and if the sum were cyuaiiy
divided among the inhabitants of the
earth, now estimated to be one thou
sand millions, every man, woman, and
child would rece,ve 84,340 golden
world Ibr an inheritance.
Were all these globes placed side by
side in a
itself;
line, it would take
tha, can girdle the earth
iu the winL of an eye, 73 A ,0 i 0 d 0
if y a eat•st
ravel from end to
Par
rott gun were discharged at one el'll'etn
ity while a man was stationed at the
other—light traveling 192,000 in a sec
ond; the initial velocity of a cannon ball
being about 15000 feet per second, and
iu this case supposed to continue at the
same rate ; and sound moving through
the atmosphere 1120 feet in a second
—he would see the flash after waiting
110,000 years; the ball would reach him
in seventy-four billions of years; but lie
would not hear the report till the end
of one thousand centuries.
Again, if all the masses of globe were
used into one irodigions ball, 11,,ving
the sun fir its centre, it would reach out
into space, in all directions, one I I 0u...
sand seven hundred and thirty millions
-1 miles, almost reaching the orbit of
Herschel or - Uranus; and if the interest
were continued till the end of the pres
ent century, it would entir„ly fill up the
solar system, and even en , •roach five
hundred millions or miles on the domain
of the void beyond the planet of Nep
tune, whose orbit, at the distance of two
thousand eight hundred and fitly mil
lions of miles from the sun, encircles our
whole sys: em of worlds,
The present system of flgurea is called
the Arabic method, but it shattid more
properly be termed the Indian method,
because it had its origin among the
Hindo3s . of India, from whom the Arabs
learned it ; and they in turn, car:',„ the
t into Spain, where "iney practiced it
dur.n ••
wen long occupation of that
country. The publication of their as
tronomical table in the form of Alma
nacs was the principles means of grad
ually spreading it abroad among the
surrounding nations; but so slow was
the progress, that it was not generally
astabli4ied until about the middle of the
sixteenth century.
How brief the distance between life
and death Life is but the vestibule of
death, and our pilgrimage on earth is
but a journey to the grave. The pulse
that denotes our life stay beats our
death march ; the blood which circulates
through our bodies, while it flows with
the tide of life, floats them onward to
the deeps of &tali. Oh how closely
allied is death to life! Trees do but
grow that they may bo. felled. Empires
rise and tiouri:di but to decay; they rise
to fall. Death is the black servant who
rides behind the chariot of lith. Death
reacheth far throughout this world, and
has st amped all terrestial things with
the broad arrow of the grave. But
blessed be God, there i; a Intw, - where
death is not life's equal, following hard
its track as evening shades the sun's
meridian, nor life's companion like a
brother sticking fast and cleaving close.
There life reigns alone; there death
knells are never tolled. Blessed land
above the skies: To reach it we must
die; but if after death, we obtain a
glorious immortality, then "to die is
Spuveon.
The following is a list of the Presi
dents and Vice Presidents of the Uni
ted States, as Well as of those who
were candidates for each office, since the
organization of the Government:
1789—George Washington and John
Adams, two terms, no opposition.
1797—John Adams, opposed by
Thos. Jefferson, who, having the next,
highest electoral vote, became Vice
President.
1801.—Thos. Jeffe t.son and Aaron
Barr ; beating John Adams and Charles
C. P: ;gluey.
1809.—James Midi-on and Grgorge
Clinton ; beating Cliarlss C. Pinckney.
1813 —James Madison :I , ld Ethridge
Gerry ; heating De Witt Cliutoii.
1817.—James Monroe and Daniel
D. T , irnpkins ; beating Rufai Ki ng .
1821.—James Monroe and Daniel D.
Totnykins ; beating John Qainoy
Adams.
1825 —John Quincy Adam- and
John C. Calhoun; beating Andrew
Jackson, Henry (ley, and-Mr. Craw
Life and Death.
Historial Record.
ford—there being four candidates for
President, and Albert Gallatin for Vice
President.
1829.—Andrew Jackson and John
C. Calhoun ; beating John Quincy
Adams and Richard Rush.
1833.—Andrew Jackson and Martin
Van Buren ; beating Henry Clay, John
Floyd, and Wrn. Wirt, for President ;
and Wrul Wilkins, John Sergeant, and
Heny Lee, for Vice President
7837.—Martin Van Buren and Rich
ard M. Johnson ; beating Wm. H. Har-
Hrison, Hugh L. White, and Daniel
Webster, for President, and John Ty
ler for Vice President.
1841 —Wm. H. Harrison and John
Tyler ; beating Martin Van Buren and
Littleton W. Tazewell. Harrison died
one month after his inaugurate ;n, and
John Tyler became President for the re
mainder of the term.
1845.—James K. Polk and George
M. Dallas; beating Henry Cay and
Theodore Ferlinghuysen.
13-19.—Zachary Taylor and Millard
Fillmore ; beating Lewis Cass and Mar
tin Van Buell tor President, and Will
iam O. Butler and Chas. F. Adams for
Vice President. Taylor died July 9,
1850, and Fillmore became President
1853.—Frank Pierce and William It
King; beating Winfield Scott and W.
A Graham.
.I.Bs7.—James Buchanan and. John
C. Breckinridge ; beating John C. Fre
mont and Millard Fillmore for Presi
dent; and Wm. L. Dayton and A. J.
Donelson for Vice President.
1861.—Abraham Lincoln and Han
nibal Hamlin ; beating John Bell, Ste
phen A. Douglas and John C. Breck
inridge for President; and Edward
Everett, Herschel V. Johnson, and
Joseph Lane for Vice President.
Circumstantial Evidence.
Referring to the Muller trial, a cor
respondent of the Loudon Daily Tele
graph says :—"A laboring man was
timud dead in a field, and close by him
was a pitchfork, which was identified as
belonging to another laborer. The
proper parties in those days immediate
ly waited upon the laborer, and asked
hint if he had been in a certain field on
a particular day He said no. They
searched the house and finical a pitchfork
belonging to the dead man, with stains
of 61 , ,0il upon if. Again they asked
14 in if he had been in the field, and he
gave the same answer. They searched
fu ther, and found sonic bloody clothes
under his bed.
He was put upon hie trial. The case
went to the jury; they could not agree;
they came into court, and the judge
took the greatest pains to point Q'at to
them the iudigpatable facts, which I
have no doubt he thought were suffi
cient to ii.ang any body, viz , the find
ing of the prisoner's pitchfork by the
Qide of the dead man, and the discovery
of the dead man's pitchfork in the pris
oner's house, as well as the bloody
clothes under the bed. The evidence
was sufficient tbr eleven of the jury
men, but the twelfth stood out, and,
atter repeated attempts to force the
jury to an adverse decision ; they were
dismissed because they could not agree,
and the man was acquitted iu spite of
such circumstantial evidence, apparent
ly the most conclusive.
Some few years after this trial, the
judge went the same circuit, and dined
with the obdurate juryman. He ask
ed him how it was that he was so ob
stinate in the case recited. The jury
man replied, that if the judge would
not tell anybody until after his death he
would explain to him. This was a
greed to, and the juryman confessed
that lie was the murderer. He said he
found the man stealing clover in his
field ; a scuffle ensued ; he stuck the
murdered man's fork into him, and left
him dying. He went on further to say
that the accused was returning from his
work across the same field, and seeing
the poor man in a dying state, took him
upon his knee, untied his handkerchief;
and. did all he could to ease and relieve
him. While performing such a kind
act, a thought probably came across the
man's mind that if anybody should see
him they might think he was the mur
derer. So he gently put the dying man
down and hurriedly left him, by mistake
taking up the wrong pitchfork, and
leaving his own behind. When the
man got home he appears to have
thought of his bl.)ody cl , thes, which he
took uti and hid them as stated. He
finally told the lie, which would have
been fatal had not the actual murderer
taken a goo I deal of trouble to get him
self on the jury, and thereby to save an
innocent man's life."
The Wrong Signal.
"What has happened?" said Mr.
Hamilton to his son, who entered the
room in haste, and with the air of one
who had some intaesting news to corn
munialte.
"A freight train has run off the track
and killed a man," said Joseph.
'How did that happen r said Mi
Hamilton.
"The watchman gave the wrong sig
nal. The engineer said that if he had
given the right signal, the accident
would not have occurred."
adding 3 wron4 signal cost a man
his There 14 aPtllvr oonse in
which wtottgsignal soffifitlirres 00110i013
the loss of hie---of fife ,4pir(tut
preacher who fails to declare t e wai
of salvation as it is laid down, in,God*
word, who teaches that all • - atoll be
•
saved, "or •
teaches that men may secure
their salvation by their own works.
gives the wrong signal. In conse
quence, men take the wrong track and
go on to perdition.
The private Christian, whose reputa
ble standing in the church and in socie
ty gives influence to his example, pur
sues a course of conduct utterly incon
sistent with the injunction, "Be not con
formed of this world." The yonng
Christian is led to practice a similar
course ; by degrees be looses his spiritu
ality, and becomes one of those who
have a name to live, but are intl. The
holding out of the wrong signal led Lo
the disaster.
A professing Christian exposes him
self to temptation. He has power to
resist the lemptation, and escapes un
harmed. One of less power is led to
follow his example, and falls into sin.
To him his. predecessor had given the
signal that there was no danger there.
lie the wrong signal.
We are constantly giving signals to
our fellow-men—signals will direct
their course in their journey to eternity.
How careful sliould we be at all times
to avoid giving wroflg signal!
A Warlike World.
The Opinion Nationale, of a recent
date, gives this dismal picture of the
present belligerent condition of the
world :
If there be a dead calm in politics, as
well as business, among us, it is not the
same in all parts of the little planet we
inhabit. Three quarters of humanity,
in fact, are living in the barbarous state
of war.
There is war iu Poland.
War in Ageria.
War in Tunis.
War in Mexico.
War in the United States.
War in Peru.
War in New Zeland.
War in China and Kaehgar.
War in Japan.
War in Afghanistan.
War in twenty countries in Africa.
This is, unfortunately enough to dis
courage the friends of universal peace,
and who can say that they will not meet
with still greater disappointmel is next
year? Italy, Hungary, Poland, Den
mark, and the Slavonian population of
Turky, are not, it must be confessed,
in the most pacific humor, and, to those
who study the general situation of oar
continent, it is Quite:evident that the
general situation, instead of getting bet
ter, goes on from day to day getting
more and more oompiloatQa,
The Tower of Babel.
After a ride of 8 miles, says a writer
in Dad:wood, we were at the - foot of
Biers-Nintrood. Our horses' feet were
trampling upon the remains of bricks,
which showed here a and there, through
the accumulated dust and rubbish of
ages. Before oar eyes uprose a great
mound of earth, bar ren and bare. This
was Bier Nimrood, the ruins of the
Tower of Babel, by which the first
builders of the earth had vainly hoped
to scale high heaven.
ELere also, it was that Nebuchadnez
zer built , for bri-ks bearing , his name
have been P)und in the ruins. At the
top of the mound a great mass of brick
work pierces the ace mulcted soil.
With your finger you touch the very
bricks, large, square-shaped and mas
sive, 'that were "thoroughly" burned ;
the very mortar—the "slime," now
hard as granite—handled more thin
four thousand years ag, , o by earth's im
pious people. From the summit of the
mound, far away over the plain we
could see glistening. brilliant as a star,
the glided dome of a mosque, that caught
and reflected the bright rays of the
morning sun. The glittering speck
was the tomb of the holy Aly. To
pray before this at some period of his
life ; to kiss the sacred dust of the earth
around ; there at some time or other,
to bend his body or count his beads—is
the daily desire of every devout Mahom
medan.
The Continent an Iceberg.
Prot. Agassiz in the Atlantic Monthly,
comes to the conclusion that the conti
nent of North America was at one time
covered with ice a mile in thickness.—
The proof is that the slopes of the Alle
gheny range of mountains are glacier
worn on the very top, except a few
points which were above the level of the
icy mass. Mount Washington, for in
stance; is over six thousand feet high,
and the rough, unpolished surface ot its
sartunit, covered with loose fragments,
just below the level at which glacier
marks come to an end, tell us that it
lifted its head alone above the desolate
waste of ice and snow. In this region,
then, the thickness ot the sheet cannot
have been much less than six thousand
feet, mad this is in keeping with the
same kind of evidence in other parts of
the country; for. whereever the moun
tains are such below six thousand feet,
the ice seems to have passed directly
over them, white the peaks rising on the
heights are lett untouched. The glacier,
he argues. was God's great blow, and
when the ice vanished from the face of
the land.. it left it prepared for the hand
of the husbanifinarl. The hard surface
abr Merit can afford to give a long
'
et he rocks was ground- r• to powder, the
credit for praise.
3 •Tere minglea
eleilleqb4 of the
• 1 ;nu) the
nice parries— erPatience is brit lying to, and rid
lin4P regiom 14E4 with tn• . •vt the gale.
',I slid sad tem dititriitiA int
and a soil was prepared fit for the agri
cultural uses of man. There are eviden
ces all over the polar regions to show
that at one period the heat of the tropics
extended all over the globe. The ice
period is supposed to be long subsequent
to this, and next to the last before the
advent of this earth.
Sunshine in the House.
While we make it a daily duty to get
at least an hour or two ot out-door sun
shine, and failing, think it an important
less to health and length of life, let us
all aim lo create an indoor sunshine of
the heart aul health, 1 - *y a systematic- de
termination to exercise to.vard every
I member of the household the fullest
measure ot all that is forbearing, thought
ful, affectionate, generous and lovely.—
Let everything that has the most dis
tant resemblance to a contemptible
whine, to a devilish fault finding, to a
brutish boorishness and to a narrow
minded and degraded selfishness, be
considered as emanations from the pit of
darkness, where fiends and furies dwell,
then shall light be in every dwelling ;
cheerfulness in every face; and the twin
kle of gladness in every eye; while every
heart overflows with a joy so pure, that
even angels might envy its sweetness
and bliss. But let not this subject be
dismissed without every parent, every
child; determining to ask the question
daily, with a religious interest, "How
shall I act and speak this day, so as to
bring the most sunshine to the heart and
health of this household'?" And the
fiercest indignation be the fretful wretch,
fit only for a solitary prison on bread and
water, or for a strait jacket, nine-tenths
of whose waking existence is spent in
bringing clouds in upon an otherwise
happy household, by complaining and
fault findings, and bitterness and repin
ings, which none but the lowborn and
the vicious delight to indulge in; to
whom it is as natural to snap and growl
as the ugliest car over his meigre bone.
Hulte Journal of _Health.
Increasing Soil.
By deepening the cultivation of your
soil, you add ti.) its quantity. Thus, by
having your s - Al eight inches deep, where
before you had it only four inches, you
double its capacity—somewhat as though
ycu had two acres now where you had
only one before. Did you ever thin]; of
this? Eight inches 9! cultivated soil has
double strength of four. This is a
new way of increasing your land—not
new but our best 'armors, who under
stand all this, and hence they cultivate
deep: not deep at once, but gradually
each year a little deeper, or at every
ploughing Ploughing alone makes the
soil mellow, has a wonderful effect, even
without manure; but manure. it must be
remembered is the main reliance always.
In deepening your soil, judgment is
required. Not too much of the raw sub
soil must be brought up at a time unless
it is rich; then plough deep. In clay
soils a little at a time is the true theory.
Cut off half an inch of clay, mere or less,
at each ploughing. This, thrown up to
the action of the elements, will be re
duced to powder, and it at once goes to
work drawing strength from the atmos
phere—clear profit, you see; it has the
effect of plaster. Then it is a manure
itself: These heavy clay beds are valu
able beds of manure. As they are gen
erally spread out with your soil, you
need only to adjust your clevis pin to
manure your ground. But this must
only he done when the super-soil is thor
ouzhly friable, in good cultivated order.
Too much clay brought up will stiffen
your SW, and air, and heat and rain are
kept out, and thus it remains stiff, cold,
stubboi'n soil, on which little or nothing
can be grown. Grass is the only thing
that stands the least chance.— Valley
Farmer.
Fires in Bedrooms.
Most people, says Dr. Lewis, even
many intelligent reformers, have the idea
that to slee v in a cold room is good—
essential to health. It is an error. It
is better to have an open fire in youur
bedroom. The atmosphere is not only
by such means constantly changed, but
with the fire you will keep the window
open, which will add greatly to the need
ed ventilation. But more than this,
with the fire you will have fewer bed
cl,.thes over you, which is a gain, as a
larger number of blankets not only inter
feres somewhat with the circulation and
respiration, but prevents the escape of
those gasses which the skin is constantly
emitting. Even furnace or stove heat
with an cpen window is better than a
eluse, cold room Interchange with the
external atmosphere depends upon the
difference between the temperature of
the air within and that without. But let
us have the open fire. Let us go with
out silks, broadcloths, carpets, and fine
ry of all kinds, if necessary, that we
may have this beautiful purifier and dif
fuser of joy in all our houses. In my
own house I have ten open grates, and
find with coal at eleven dollars- the ex
pense is frightful, and if it were in any
other department of housekeeping, I
should feel I could not afford it but in
this I do nut flinch, so important do I
deem the open fire.
NEW SERIES.---VOL. 6, NO. 26.
Small Pens for Fattening Swine.
That exercise conduces very litho
towards taking on flesh, while quiet
assists materilaly to hasten the oper
ation of fattening, is well known,
and should ever be taken into ac
count by those who would fit auy
animal for slaughtering. The fol
lowing from the American Agricul
turist, is worth the attention of the
farmers. "From observation, ex
tending over a dozen years or more,
made in vittages'and rural districts,
we have noticed that the fattest and
the best pork is made in the former.
where one or two pigs are kept in
small pens. The villager has bat
small room, and crowds his pig into
small quarters for the whole year.
It is fed on slops for eight months,
and for the last four months is cram
med with scalded Indian meal. Re
gets pork of decidedly better quality
than he can purchase, and gets it
cheaper. The whole energy or the
animal is forced by his training to
the production of flesh and fat. The
pigs of the farmer, on the osherhand,
ran in pasture, or on the common,
for six or eight month*, and are-shut
up a dozen or more in a largepen to
fatten, because he has plentyofroora.
The energy of the animal has goner
very much to the development of
snout and feet, and the propensity
to run and to root is not circumscri
bed very much in his roomy pen.
By Christmas he is not more than
two-thirds fattened, and he has con
sumed quite as much as the village
pig, which is ready for the knito.
We have made two yearling pigs,
gooi four hundred and fifty pounds of
pork, by Christmas that have never
been out of a pen eight feet by twelve
since they were eight weeks old.
Small pens, kept dry, and regular
feed is the secret of their thrift.
To Keep Tires on Wheels.
A practical man says on this sury
ject: "I ironed a wagon some
„years
ago for my owrruse, and befbre put.
tiny on the tires I filled the felloes
with linseed oil, and the tires have
worn out and were never loose. I
ironed a buggy for my own use sev
en years ago, and the tires are as
tight now as when they were put on,
My method of filling the fellow' with
oil is as follows: I use a long cast
iron oil heater, made for the purposei
the oil is brought to a boiling beat.
the wheel is placed on a etick, so as
to hang in the oil each folio() an hour
for a common sized felloe. The tim
ber should be dry, as wet timber will
not take oil. Care should be taken
that the oil be not made hotter than
boiling heat, in order, that the tim
ber be riot burnt. Timber filled
with oil is not susceptible to water,
and the timber is much more durable.
I was amused some years ago when
I told a blacksmith how to keep
tires tight on wheels, by telling me
it was a profitable business to tight
en tires, and the wagon-maker will 4
say it is profitable to make and re
pair wheels, but what will th•farmer;
who supports the wheelwright and
smith, say,"
Gathering and Keeping Fruit.
It is becoming a well understood
principle that pears arc improved by
being gathered before fully ripe:
Some should approach nearer ma
turity than others. 'But early ap
pis should be fully ripe, as a gener
al rule, before gathering. Late fall
and early winter apples should not be
eaten when picked, and all the late
winter varieties should be gathered
when too hard to yield to the pres
sure of the thumb, and always be
fore heavy fall frosts. A dry time
should be selected, if possible.
Apples should be kept cool, barely
so as not to freeze. A mininum
temperature of thirty-four degrees is
probably about right, with as little
fluctuation as possible.
The ripening process once com
menced, goes on, no matter how cold,
if - frost is not present. slowly, per
haps, but uninteruptedly until full
maturity. Hence the importance.
of a cool cellar, which should always
be thy anchiark. Dt Aosta be fre—
quently aired, when the outside tem
perature will allow it.—?rains Is—
diana Hort. Society.
To Test Eggs. .
L. A. Waters, Madison Co., lowa.
says.
The most expeditious way we know,
and which is generally practiced by
large dealers in this City, is to bold
them between the eye and a lighted
lamp or candle If the egg is good,
the light will shine through with a
redish glow, but if it be injured
incubation or from long keen'
w : Il be opaque or dark. T'
more readily discerner' -- - ,l a e be
the egg in paper or b y p i s a ng
looking through
.. other ttittr . and.
enclosing it it, or ASkially
tie p ir rlet ‘s ie
amine de , a peroon 'will thus .ex
ilike
n ntrit'AV of evs in' it
.tt
• .
time te.Tkan'V" With
Agritulturai.