. . . . -r • .• . , , - ; • (1 Li • • ( 4 ( .. I 11113 ,) 1 1 L t. : 1 ) 1 , Th )-1 • st u Ifiuritat---96)30 ta Agriatiurt, fittraturt, foreign, pontestit anb 0 - tura' jattelligtact, ft. ESTABLISHED IN 1818. 411 E WAYNESBURG NISSENGER PUBLISHED BY A. W, JONES AND JAS. St JENNINGS. Waynesburg, Greene County, Pa. ISTOPFICE NEARLY' ODPOSITE THE PUBLIC 511041444,41 IV ) 441 OV6SCRIPTION.-162,00 in advance ; $2.2,5 et the e-- Oration of six moli t hs; 112.50 after the expiration of the year. ADVIIRTISSIMITS inserted-at 161.25 per square for three insertions, and 37 cts. a square for each addition insertion; (ten lines or less counted a square.) it 4 liberal deduction made to yearly advertisers. JOB PRISTING, of all kinds, executed in the best style, wed terutoaable terms, at the "Messenger' lob °l4e. agnesburg fusintss Cabs. TTORNETO. fl 10. L WSLY• J. A. 3. StCUAZIO WYLY & BUCHANAN, Attorneys As Counsellors at LAW, IVA i 7 XS.O3 G, PA. *or iti practia in the Courts of Greene and adSoisilng count lee. Collections and other legal htisiness will re ceive prompt attention. Office In the old hank Building. Jan. 38. 1663.-13, •. • . TURMAN • J O. BITCHIX FURMAN & RITCHIE. ATTORNEYS AND COUNsELLORS AT LAW Wwyoesburg,, Pa. pir OM( v.—Matn Street, pus door east of Ole old Bulk Building. Jusiness in Greene, Washington, and Fay ptte Counties, entrusted to them, will receive prow attention. • N. B —Particular attention will be liven to the col lection of Pensions. Bounty Money. Back Pay, and pther claims against the Government. dept. 11, 1861—1 v. P.. 4, !IrcTII!,1!? 1. J. g.I7FF*4W. AZICOIWZMIXB 4 3117rFattallirl crToRNE YS AND COUNSELLLTS AT LAW Waynesburg, Pa. frrofike In the "i 4 right ii East Door. collections, Arc., will receive prompt istuintion. Waynesburg, Kpril43, DAVID CRA WFORD, Attorney and Counsellor at Law. Office in the pourt House. Will attend promptly to all business enirustiuf tri his care. Waynesburg• Pa. t July 30, 1363.—1 y. C. A. BLACK. JOH X ?MILAN. BLACK & PHELAN, ATTOENEVS 4ND COUNSELLORS AT LAW Office in the Court !loupe, Way neaburg. Sept. 11,11361—1 v. SOLDLIIIR8 ) WAR CLBI2IIII D. R. P. HIM, PAr. wsTOpfinlYnn, TIAS received from the War Department at Wash ington city. D. C., official copies of the several laws passed by Congress r , and all the necessary Forms P nd instructi for iosecun and of ENSIoNS, ons BOUNT the Y; BA C K P. 41, duecollection dia. sharsed and disablod-omirlieri, MO, whioyfs, orphan Fhildren, widowed motimi, fathom, vista!" and broth • ers. which businest, pots will be attend edio promptly and accurate 4 y"! ermoted to his ears office, No. S. Campbells Row.-4yrtle, 18p3. G. W. Ck. WADDELL, ATTORNEY-& COUNSELLOR AT LAW, OFFICE In the REGIIISTEIVIS OFflep, Court L./ House, Wayneeheig, Penns. : Vusiness of all kinds solicited. tins received Oficial copies of all the laws putted by Congreu, and other necessary instruc ns for the collection of PPENSIONS, I °UNTIES, BACK PAY, Poe discharged and disabled soldiers, widows, Orphan fhildren. &d.. which humiliate if intrusted' ta 1 htecare will Le prphipqr ttilended 10. May A. les• Tonirszommrs pr e T. W. Russ, 411.114.314.3ri5if01i dill 051igarip,c.33.? Wayneskgrg, Green Co., Pa. grrce &Nu RIMILUENCE ON MAIN sTREEIk east, and nearly oppoitte the 'Wright hones. netbu , g, Mept. isea. lOC Oltgag "ggrolll , D very respeletfully tender his services as a PHYSICIAN AND SIIDGEON, to the people or Waynesburg and vicinity. lie hopes by a due appre ciation of human life sad health, and strict attention to business, to rit a share of public patronage. Waynesbu me rg, January 8, 18152. XffE4CHANTO WM. A. FORTER, Whmeaale and R atan Model in Foreig n and Dolma- Pry Gleads, gitoefies, Notions, skc., !Lain street. Hem. MIMI-74k MINOR CO., Diteers tri Foreign and Domestic Dry Goods, Oru• Quessisrrare, Hardware and Notion., opposite ibe Gress House. Kau street. tit. 11. 1961-0, SOOT £&D axon 42.44nas J. D. COS{ RAY, BOOR. sad ilibere tanker. Main street, nearly opposite the Faitaer'aod Drover's 'Beak." Every etyle 01 ioo"ts sr and &boss owlets/illy ea band or wade to order. Sept. 11,18M—Iy. Gam:mass - . • - JOHN MUNNELL, _NtaMr le tiroceries avid Confectionaries, and Variety Geeereny. Wnsou'a New Banditti, Main meet. ~ , p t 11. 1861-17. i FtrATOII;DS.. AND _43WELRY 8. M BALLY, Maio stmt. olTewita tbPleit 0 4 1106 keeps on band 4 1444 eleglat eeeortenent et lia4 Jewelry. 11.1-Itellsine of Clocks, Watchoo sad leorolcy wit re m .a fittomt/oft (INC. /S. 1863—ty 80Q/Cil. &o. LEWIS' bAY, Be tier is actioct sad ktiateilsneOus Books, StatiOs arr. tilt. Magazines sod rapoto: Gtoadpat emit et e„ rm e a start. Maio 'Street. Aare. 11. IBM iv. SAXIMOZAIS AlibM) 11.11111=118. SAMUEL M'A.4.;LISTER, cadt o meow and Truk Iltsiter. old Bank litifid 12 4, $4611... • MANZ 'A MRS' Be DROVERS' RANK , Warm . Pa. C. 4. 4 1 14 CK• i j r • tme4o4 l ‘ 0 14 1 0der tir rirkit T S a se . 1 -„ . .A arrti.:•i of 1 ".• -. . - of Adiptil......figwon ' h aying i t 1 deep nl d i n S t i F t 1 0 , : caul 01,,--,70:. to Citirrtlit ' -... . .00,00,14..- W..' ill, . it i e v i ns i etaiini y a lt o .1. - *rib or ,;119:411>'443 , . 0 q . , ',l',- /loot alah : to lt`d umm i Mig. J. IV. r -Admen. 11812 ' Juno IN WEST POINT ORATION, DELIVERED BY Gen. Geo. 8.. McClellan, On Wednesday, June lilt, 364 West Point was the scene of a very imposing and yet solemn ceremony, on Wednesday, June 15th, in the dedica tion of a portion of the grounds as a site on which to erect a monument to the memory of those members of the regular arm y who 11,4vt 3 pprishe4 during the present war. The 4rippipacement that General McClellan would deliver the oration on the occasion induced an immense number of people, ladies as well as gentlemen; to visit the Military Academy . to witness the ceremonial, and all the trains and boats were crowded with them At about one o'clock, General Mc- Clellan, accompanied by General Ander son, walked from the carriage along an avenue lined with people, who saluted him vial cheers as he passed along, to which he replied with a military salute. On ascending the steps pf the stand the pheers wore continued until he took his seat. At this lime, there were on the stand several distinguished guests. who all uncovered as General litef)teihtn passed to his seat, which was in the centre of the platform. After prayer, Professor French ad dressed the assemblage, expressing a wish that as the event was to honor the dead, there should be no demonstration made, but that it should be allowed to pass hrough tp the end as would a fu petal sprvipe over the remains of those who had fallen in war to detend the welfare and honor of the United States. General Anderson introduced Gene ral McClellan as the orator of the day, asserting that he was far better known to the people than he (qeneral Andgspn) could ever hope - to be. As General McClellan arose from his seat—in spite of what Professor French had said, and entirely disregarding the Gepend's signs of disapproval and at tempts to make them desist—the crowd saluted him with three loud and pro longed cheers. As soon as quiet had been restored, General McClellan, in a clear, calm, yet perfectly audible voice, delivered the following Qs dloatopy Qmtion. All nations have days sacred to the remembrance of joy and grief. They have thanksgivings for success; fasting and prayerin the hour of humiliation and defeat.; .triumph and peens to greet the living laurel-crowned victors, They have obsequies and eulogies for the wart rips slain the field of battle. Swill is the duty we are 4 . , perform totday,,, The poetry, the histories, the orations of antiquity, all resound with the clangor of raTPS. They dwell rather upon the rough deeds of w4r than the gentle arts of peace. They hive preserved to .us the names of hems and the memory of their deeds even to this distant day.— Our own Old Testament teems with the narration of brave actions and heroic deaths of Jewish patriot* while the New Testament of our meek and anger ing Saviour often selects the soldier and his weapons to typify and illustrate reli gious heroism and duty. • These stories of the aptions of the dead have fret quently survived in the lapse of ages the names of those whose tall was commem orated' centuries ago. But although we have not now the names of all the brave men who fought and fell on the plain of Marathon, and in the pass of Thermo pylie and on the hills of Palestine, we have not lost the memory .of their ex amples. As long as the warm blood Nurses in the 'veins of man, as long as the human heart heats high and quick at the recital. of brave deeds and patri otic sacrifices,' so long will the lesson still incite generous men to emulate the heroism of Ow past. Among the Greeks , it was the custom .that the father of the most valiant of the slain should pro nounce the eulogies of the dead.-i--- Sometimes it devolved neon the great statesmen and orators to perform this painful duty. Would that a new Dem osthenes or a' second Pericles would arise and taike my place to-day; for he would find a theme worthy of his most powers, of his roost touching eloquence. stand here now not as an orator, but as the whilom commander of the most valiant dad—_as their comrade, top, on, many a hard-tmglat field against de ! mead° and foreign foes, in • early youth and mature manhood—moved lay all the love David telt when he poured forth his lamentations for the mighty- father and son who fell on Mount Gilboa...— find .ewe-that, David's- love for Jort ,athrc was no More than mine for the trial friends of many - long and eventful years, whose names are to be recorded upon the (truotare that is • to rise'where tVevirTdd that his inorethin'nOrtitlelicirerKie Gould grace my lips , and do justice to the theme. We have mot-to-day. my comrades, to do honor to our (Ali 'lead; brothers united to us by the Closest and dearest ties, who have freely given their lives for their country in this war, so just and righteous, so long as its putpose is to crush* rebellion and to save our nation from the in finite wliltiment, :diwoh an oc casion as this. Phould, call firih the 11041P estm.104441W0 einetictl34,47:p**teer pride, sorrow end praYerrilriskethat ter oonatryilaa pOIIIIIIIBO4 kik& ski* accialy . that shirhatt brit them, and'prayerilhall 'WAYNESBURG, GREENE. COUNTY, PA., WEDNESDAY, JULY 13, 1864. we and our successors may adorn her an nals as they have done, and that when our parting hour arrives, whenever and however it may be, our souls may be pre pared for the great change: We have met and assembled to consecrate a cen otaph, which shall remind children's children in the distant future of their father's struggle in the days of the great rebellion. This monument is to perpetuate the memory of a portion only of those who have fallen for the nation in this unhap py war. It is dedicated to the officers and soldiers of the regular army. Yet this is done in no class or exclusive spirit, and in the act we remember with re'verence and love our comrades of the volunteers who have so gloriensly fought and fallen by our side. Each State will no doubt commemorate in a more &ting way she services of its sons, who abandoned the avocations of peace and shed their blood in the rinks of the volunteers. flow richly thi y have earned a nation's love, a nation's grati tude; with what heroism they have con fronted death, have wrested victory from a stubborn foe and have illustrated defeat, it well becomes me to say, fur it has been my lot to command them in many a sanguinary field. I know that T. but echo the feeling of the regular army when I award the high credit they deserve to their brave brethren of the volunteers. Ent we of the regular army have no States to look to for the honor due our dead. We belong to the whole coun try, and can neither expect nor desire the General Government to make a per haps invidious distinction in our favor. We are few in numbers, a small band of comrades, united by peculiar and very binding ties; for with many of us our friendships were ponnmaneed in boy hood when we rested here in the shad ow of the graslite hills which look down upon us where we stand. With others the ties of brotherhood were found in more mature years, while fighting among the rugged mountains and fertile valleys of Ne4co, within hearing of the eternal waves of the Pa cific, or in the lonely grandeur of the great plains of the far West. With all, our love and confidence have been cemented by common danger and suffer ing, on the toilsome march, in the dreary bivouac, and amid the clash of arms, and in the presence of death, on Mires of battlefields West Point, with her large heart, adopts us all— graduates and those appointed from civil life, officers and privates. •In her eyes we are all her children, jealous of her fame and eager to sustain her world wide reputation. Generals and private soldiers, men who have cheerfully offer ed our all for our dear country, we stand here before this shrine, ever hereafter sacred to our dead, equals and brothers in the presence of the common death which awaits us all—perhaps on the same geld and at the same hour. Such are the ties which unite us—the most endearing which exist itmoug men ; such the relations which bind us together—the closet of the sacred broth erhood of arms. It has, therefore, seemed and it is fitting that we should erect upon this spot, so sacred to us 411, an endear' mg monument to our dear brothers Who have preceded us in the post of all peril and of honor, which it is tile destiny of !tinny of us to trend. What is this regular army to which we "belong ? Who were' the men whose deaths merit such honors from the living. What is the cause for which they have laid down their lives I Our regular or permanent army is the nucleus which, in time of peace, pre serves the military traditions of the na tion, as well as the organization, science and instruction indispensable tq modern armies. It may be regard ed as coeval with the nation. It de- i rives its origin from the old Continen tal and State lines of the Revolution, whence, with some interruption and many dangers, it has attained its pres ent condition. In fact, we may with propriety go even beyond the Revolu tion to seek the routs of our genealogi cal tree in the old French wars, for the Cis-Atlantic campaigns off' the seven years' war were not confined to the "red men" scalping each other by the great lakes of North America ; and it was in them our ancestors first partici pated as Americana iu the large oper ations of civilized armies. +American regiments then. fought on the banks of tie St. Lawrence and the Ohio, on the shorei of Ontario and Lake George, on the islands of the Caribbean and in South America. Louisburg, Quebec, Duquesne, De Mitre and Portobello attest the value of the provincial troops, awl in that sohq , l were educated such me n as Washington, Putnam, Lee, 1 Montgomery and Gates. These, and men like Greene, Knox, Wayne and Stsuben, were the fathers of our per manent army, and under them oqr troops acquired that discipline and steMiness which enabled them tp meet on equal terms, and often to defeat * the tried veterans of England. The 80.44 of thejaistory of the ReWialution nod peruo of the dispatches. of Wishing+. Wishing ton, will oonvincp the most *eptriffit of the value of the pornutoont wrii,y. in achieving oar independanti,tati fishing the civil edifipe . 04 we are now fighting to nittintain, tn? war of 101% found army on a ;#o 4 narte ,?QT '*/4"'P?- ra *e) enormyt hii iitt i&47 ad; and new gen n (I? nsmist . i.med natal to the .citn.rn- meats of the occasion. Lundy's Lane, Queenstown, Plattsburg, New Orleans, aII bear witness to the gallantry of the regulars Then came an interval of more than twenty years of external peace, marked by many changes in the organization and strength of the regular army,, and broken at times by tedious and bloody Indian wars. Of these the most remarkable were the Black gawk war, in winch our troops met unflinch ingly a foe as relentless, and far more destructive than the Indians—that ter rible scourge, the cholera; and the te dious Florida War, when for many years the:Seminoles eluded in the pes tilential swamps our utmost efforts, and in which were displayed such traits of heroism as that commemorated by your monument to Dade and his command, "when all fell, save two, who attempt ed to retreat." At last came the Mexi can war, to replace Indian combats and the monotony of the frontier service, and for the first time in many years the mass of the rggula i r army was concen trated, and took' the principal part in the battles of that remarkable and roman tie war. Palo Alto, Resew and Fort Brown were the achievements of the regulars unaided ; and as to the battles of Monterey, Buena Vista, Vera Cruz, Cerro Gordo, and the final triumph in the Valley, none can truly say that they could have been won without the regn, lays. When peace crowned our victo ries in the capital of the Montezumas, the army was at once dispersed over the long frontier, and engaged in har assing and dangerous wars with the In dians of the plains. Thus thirteen long years were spent until the present war bi oke out, and the mass of the army was drawn in, to be employed against a *domestic foe. I cannot proceed to the events of the recent past and the present without ad verting to the gallant men who were so long of our number, but who have now gone to their long home—for no small portion of the glory of which we boast was reflected from such men as Taylor, Worth, Brady, Brook, Totten and Duncan. There is a sad story of Ve netian history - that has moved many a heart, and often employed the poet's pen and painter's pencil. It is of an old man whose long life was gloriously spout in the service of the State as 4 warrior and a statesman, and who, when his hair was white and his feeble limbs could scarce bear his bent form toward the grave, attained the highest honors that a citizen could reach. He was Doge of Venice. Convicted of treason against the State, he not only lost his life, but suffered besides a penalty which will endure as long as the name of Venice is remembered. The spot where his portrait should have hung in the great hall of the Doge's palace, was veiled with black, and there still remains the frame, with its black mass of canvas ; and this vacant frame is the most conspicuons in the long line of effigies of illustrious Doges. Oh! that suoh a pall as that which replaces the portrait of Marino Faliero could conceal from history the Lames of those, once our comrades, who are now in arms against the flag under which we fought side by side in years gone by. But no vail, however thick, can cover the an guish which fills our hearts when we look back upon the sad memory of the past, and recall the affection and respect we entertained toward men against whom it is our duty to act in mortal combat. Would that the courage, abil ity and steadfastness they display had been employed in the defense of the "stars and stripes" against a foreign foe, rather than in this fatuitous and un justifiable rebellion, whioh could not have been so long maintained but for the skill and energy of these, our for mer comrades. lint we have reason to rejoice upon this day, so sacred and so eveqtful for us, one grand old mortal monument of the past still life high his head amongst qa, and should have graced by his pres ence the consecration of this tomb by his children. We may well be proud that we are here commanded by the he ro who purchased victory with his blood near the great waters of Niagara ; who repeated and eclipsed the achievements of Cortex; who, although a consummate and oonftdent commander, over prefer red, where duty and honor would per mit, the olive braneh l bf peace to the blood-stained laurels of war, and who stands, at the close of a glorious and eventful life, a living column of granite against which have beaten in vain alike the blandishments and storms of treason. Iris name will ever beano of onr proud est toasts and most moving aspirations. In long distant - ages; when this incipient monument has become venerable. moss clad and perhaps ruinous, when the names inscribed upon it shall seem to those who panne to read them indistinct mementoes of an almost mythical past, the name of Winfield Scott will still be clear, cut upon the memory of all, like the still fresh carvi upon - t h e monuments of long forgotten Pharaohs. But it is time to approach the "Relent In the war which now shakes the land to its foundation, the rtigalar army has borne a float honorsbte part. Too few in numbers to . aet by themselves, regu with what undaunted heroism they have upheld their ancient renown. Their vig orous charges have often won the day, and in defeat they have more than once saved the army from destruction or ter rible losses, by the obstinacy with which they resisted overpowering numbers.— They can refer with prid' to the part they played upon the glorious fields of Mexico, and exult at the recollection of what they did at Manassas, Gaines' Mills, Malvern, Antietam, Shiloh, Stone River, Gettysburg, and the great battles just fought from the Rapidan to the Chickahominy. They can also point to the officers who have risen among them and achieved great deeds for their country in this war—to the living war riors whose names are on the nation's tongue and beau, too numerous to be repeated here, yet no one of whom I could willingly omit. But perhaps the proudest episode in the history of the regular army is the touching instance of fidelity on the part of non-commissioned officers and privates who, treacherously made prisoners in Texas, resisted every temptation to in cite them to desert their flag. Offered commissions in the rebel service, money and land freely tendered them, they all scorned the inducements held out to them, submitted to every hardship, and when at last exchanged, avenged them 4elves on the field of battle the una vailing insult offered theirTfftegrity.-t Ilistory affords no brighter example of honor than that these brave men, tempt ed, as I blush to say they were, by some of their former officers, who, having themselves proved false to their flag, en , deavored to seduce the men who often followed them to battle, and who had naturally regarded them with respect and love. Such is Cie regular army—such its history and antecedents—such its officers and men. It needs no herald to trum pet forth its praises; it can proudly appeal to the numerous fields, from the tropics to the frozen banks of the St. Lawrence, from the Atlantic to the Pacific fertil ized by the blood and whitened by the bones of its members. But I will not paw to eulogized it. Let its deeds speak fur it. They are more eloquent than tongue of mine. Why are we hero to-day I This is not the funeral of one brave warrior, nor even of the harvest of death on a sin gle battle field ; but these are the obse qeieis of the best and bravest of the chil dren of the land, who' have fallen in ac tions almost numberless, many of them among the most sanguinary and desper ate of which- history bears record.— These men, whose names and deeds we now seek to perpetuate, rendering them the highest honor in our power, have fallen wherever armed rebellion showed his front—in far distant Now Mexico, in the broad valley of Mississip pi, on the bloody hunting grounds of Kentucky, in the mountains of Tennes see, amid the swamps of Carolina, in the fertile fields of Maryland, and the blood-stained thickets of Virginia. They were of all grades, from the general to the private, and of all ages, from the gray haired veteran of fifty years' service to the beardless youth ; of all degrees of cultivation, from the man of science to the uneducated boy. It is not necessary, nor is it possible, to repeat the mournful yet illustrious roll of dead he es whom we have met to honor. Vali I attempt to name all of those most merit praises ; simply a few who will exemplify the classes to whioti they belong. Among the last gain, but among the first in honor and reputation, was that hero of twenty battles, John Sedgwick, gentle and kind as a woman, brave as a brave man can be, honest, sincere and able, he was a man that ail may strive to imitate, bat whom few can equal. In the terrible battles which just prece ded his death, he had occasion to dis play the highest qualities of a command er and soldier, yet after escaping the stroke of death where men fell around lil!tii by thousands, he at last met his fate at a moment of comparative quiet, by the hall of 4 single rifleman. He died as a soldier would choose to die—with truth in his heart and a quiet, tranquil , smile Liman his face. Alas ! our great nation possesses few sous like true John Sedgwick. bike him, too, fell at the very head of their corps, the white haired Mansfield, after a career of use fulness illustrated by his skill and cool courage at Fort Brown, Monterey, and Buena Vista ; john F. Reynolds and Reno, both in the full vigor of manhood and intellect; men who had proved their ability and chivalry in many a field in Mexico, and in this civil war, gallant gentlemen' of whom their coun try had more to hope had it pleased god to spare their hves. Loon fell in the prime of life, leading his "little army against superior numbers, his brief ca reer affording a brilliant example of pa triotism and ability. The impetuous Kearny, and such brave Generals as Richardsion, Williams, 'Terrill, Stevens, Weed, Saunders, and Hayes, lost their lives while in the midst of a career of usefulness. • Young.Bayarcl, so like the most • repel necl of his name, that ~ t4xtgii Orve fear and &we „m -ol* !womb," was 0ut.0400 early ., kifik country. No regiments con a? . , gallant, devoille and able mamma era ee ,l ell, aviu RPM, Altaletug, BOIT Putman sadeauggir IL of *ham**..olitoko et omens, somis ot 'mem vs,lrins, ri ours , ming in liKvio(4 in - good ut n and Welt beloved. Our batteries have partially paid their terrible debt to fate in the loss of such commanders as Greble, the first to fall in this war; Benson, au ! zard, Smead, Dr. Bart, Hazlett, and those gallant boys, Kirby, Woodruff, Dinunick and Cushing, while the en 1-gincers lament the promising and gal lant Wagner and Cross. Beneath re mote battle-fields ret,t the corpses of the heroic Mcßae, Bascom, Stone, Sweet and many other company officers. Be ) sides these were hosts of veteran ser i geants, corporals and privates, who had ) fought under Scott in Mexico, or con tested with the savages of the Far West and Florida, and mingled with them young soldiers who, courageous, steady and true, met death unflinchingly with oat the hope of personal glory. These men, in their more humble sphere, serv ed their country with as much faith and honor as the most illustrious generals, and all of them with perfect singleness of heart. Although their names may not live in history, their actions, loyal ty and courage will. Their memories will long be preserved in their regi ments, for there were many of them who merited as proud a distinction as that accorded to the "first grenadier of France," or to that other Russian sol dier who gave his life for his comrades. But there is another class of men who have gone from us since this war com menced. whose fate it was not to die in battle, but who are nevertheless entitled ,to be mentioned here. There was Sum , ner, a brave, honest, chivalrous veteran, who had confronted death unflinchingly on scores of battle-fields, had shown his grey head, serene and cheerful, where death most reveled, who more than once told me that he believed and hoped that his long career would end amid the din of litale,he dies at home from the &eats of the hardships of his campaign. That most excellent soldier, the elegant P. F. Smith, whom many of us remember to have seen so often on this very plain, with his superb bearing, escaped the bullet to fall a victim to the disease which has deprived the army of so many of its best officers. John Bu ford, cool and intrepid, Mitchell, emi nent in science ; Palmer and many of the officers and men lost their lives by sickness contracted in the field. But I cannot close this long list of glorious martyrs without paying a soldier's debt of official duty and personal friendship. There was one dead soldier who pos -1 sessed peculiar claims upon my love and sympathy. He was an ardent pa triot, an unselfish macs and true soldier ' —the bean ideal of a staff officer—he ' was my aid de-camp—Col. Colburn, There is a lesson to be drawn from the death and services of these glorious men which we should read for the pres ent and future benefit of the nation.— War in these modern days is a science, and it should now be clear to the most prejudiced that in the organization and command of the armies, and the high combinition of strategy, perfect famil iarity with the theoretical science of war is requisite. To count upon suc cess where the plans and execution of campaigns are intrusted to men who have no knowledge of war, is as idle as to expect the legal wisdom of a Story or a Kent from a skillful physician. But what is the hoeorable and holy cause for which those men laid down their lives, and for which the nation still demands the sacrifice of the precious blood of so many of her children ? . Soon after the close of the revolutionary war, it was found that the Confederacy which had grown up during that re markable contest was falling to pieces • from its own weight. The central power was too weak ; it could only j recommend to the different States such measures as seemed best, and it possess- ed no real power to legislate, because it lacked the executive force to compel obedience to its laws. The nation's credit and self-respect had disappeared, and it was feared by the friends of hu man liberty throughout the world that ' ours was but another added to the long lists of fruitless attempts at self-govern ment. The nation was evidently upon • the brink of ruin and dissolution, when some eighty years ago many of the wisest and most patriotic at' the land met to seek a remedy for great evils which threatened to destroy the work s of the revolution. Their sessions were j long and often stormy ; for a time the I most sanguine doubted the possibility of a FUCA3OBBfI.II termination to their la hors. But from_ amidst the conflict of sectional interests, 84 party prejudices and of personal selfishness, their wisdom and conciliation at length evoked the Coestitution under which we have lived so long..' It was not formed in a day, but was the result of patient labor, of lofty wisdom and of the purest pa triotism. It was at last adopted by the people of all the • States, although by some reluctantly, but as being the beat possible under the cireutnetances,— It was accept& as giving us a form of Government under which the nation might live happily snd prosper,. so long as the erople should continue to be in fluenced by the same sentiments which thuated those whO formed it ; which would not be liable to destruction from internal eauttee, so long as the people - preserved the reeolleetion of the miter las andesslomaithwsFhich led to its adop t*, . • • Um* 040,-beheiMlßl 4 ,' Constitution, the pmsrigui of the nation. visa tines-,1 ampled in history. The rights amd . ! liberties of he cities were secure st, 8411iE.---,VOL. 6, NO. 5. home and abroad ; vast. 'territories were rescued from the control of .the savage and the wild beast, and added to the domain of civilization and Atte : The arts and sciences and commerce grew apace; our flag floated upon every sea, and we took our place among the great nations of the earth. But under this smooth surface of prosperity upon which we glided swiftly, with all sails set before the summer breeze, dan gerous reefs were hidden which now and then caused ripples upon the sur face, and made anxious the more cau tious pilots. Elated by success, the ship went on, the crew not heeding'the warning they received, forgetful of the dankerit, they escaped at the beginning of' thtiaoyage, and blind to the hideous maelstrom which gaped to receive . and destroy them. • The, same . elements of discord, sectional prejudices. in— terests and institutions, which bad rendered the formation of the Constitution so difficult, threatened more than once t o destroy But for a long time the nation wait-so for tunate as to possess a series of political lead ers who to the highest abilitietenaethe same spirit of conciliation which animated the fouuders of the Republic, and thus for many years the threatened evils werwayert ed. Time and long continued good fortune obliterated the recollection of the calamities and wretchedness of years preceding die adoption of the Constitution. They for got conciliation, common interest and mutu al charity had been the foundation and must, be the support of our Government, as is in deed the case with all governments, and all the relations of life. At length men appear ed with whom sectional and personal preju dices and interests outweighed all consider ations of the general good. Extremists of i one section furnisher the occasion, eagerly seized as a pretext by equally extreme men in the other, for abandoning the pacific rem edies and protection afforded by the Consti tution, and seeking redress for possible fu ture evils in war and the destruction of the Union. Stripped of all sophistry and side issues, the direct cause of the war, as it pre sented itself to the honest and patriotic citi zens of the North, was simply this: Certain States, or, rather, a portion of the inhabitants of certain States, feared, or professed to fear, that injury would result to their rights and property from the elevation of a• particular par ty to power. Although the Constitution and the actual conditiOn of the Government pro vided them with a peaceable and sere pro tection against the apprehended evil, they prepared to seek security, in the destruction of the Government, whiclt could protect them, and in the use of the force against the national troops holding the national forts.— To efface the insult offered to our flag ; to secure ourselves from the fateirof the divided republics of Italy and South America - ;: to preserve our Government from destenction; to enforce its just power and laws ; to main tain our very existence as nation—these were the causes which impelled us „to draw the sword. Rebellion against a Government like ours, which contains the - means of self-ad justment, •and a pacific remedy for evils, should never be confounded with a revolu .tion against despotic power, which refuses redress of wrongs.. Such a rebellion cannot be justified upon ethical grounds, and the on ly alternatives for our choice are its supprea gen, or the destruction of or nationality.— At such a time as this, and in such a strug gle,oianlay p torti o f l t i e t h i a c en a v l d pet ob,ri r a t tv : z ie s i shouldi)o the wthii>nl be elevohuincht n ry i t e i.l r i g .n e kl : st i was in this cause and with these motives that so many of our comrades have given their lives, and to this we are all personally pledged in all honor and fidelity. Shall such devotion as that of our dead comrades be of no avail ? Shall it be said in After ages that we lack the vigor to compl4lllrkhe work thus begun ? That after all these noble lives free- Iv given, we hesitated and failed to keep straight on until our land was saved 1' For bid it heaven, and g ive us firmer, true:- hearts than that. Oh, spirits of the valiant dead, souls of our slain hera; - 6s, lend us your own indomitable will, and if it be permitted you to commune with these still chained by the trammels of mortality, hover around us in the midst of danger and tribulation—cheer the firM, strengthen the weak, that none may doubt the salvation of the Republic and the triumph of our grand old Flag. In the midst of the storms which toss our ship of State, there is one great bestoon light, to which we can ever turn_ withconfi dence and hope. It cannot be that this great nation has played its part in history ; it can not be that our sun which arose with such bright promise for the future, has already 'set for ever: It must he the intention of the overruling Deity that this hind, so long the asylum of the oppressed, the refuge of civil and religious liberty, shall again stand forth in. bright relief, united, purified and chasten - ad by our trial., as an example and encour-- agement for those who desire the pregress of the human race. It is not gi,ven,ta our weak intellects to Understand the stops of ProVidence as they occur; we comprehethl them only as We look baeli upon them in the far-distant Past. Foi l it DO unravel the seemingly tangled skein of the purposes of the. : are .4 - thigh And 4tr.:isaohiug fUr.,our all Maori:And:His own revealed word toks4., u that His - ways, although inscruisehie; are
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