RATES OF ADVERTISING: One Square, one inch, one week... f 1 00 One Square, one Inch, one month. S 00 One Square, one inch, 3 montha.. . 6 00 One Square, one inch, one year .... 10 80 Two Squares, one year......... 15 00 Quarter Column, one year SO 00 Half Column, one year. 60 00 One Column, one year 100 00 Legal advertisement ten eenta per line each Insertion. We do fine Job Printing of every de scription at reasonable rates, but it's cash on delivery. 1'ubllslMHl every Wednesday by J. K. WENK. Offloe in Bmearbaugh & Wenk Building, LM BTRBBT, TI0NB8TA, FA.. Terns, II.UUA Year, Ntrlolly la Adiuix, Entered as second-class matter at the post-office at Tionesta. No subscription received for a shorter period than three montha. Correspondence solicited, but no notioe will be taken of anonymous communica tions. Always give your name. Fore EPUBXJCAN. VOL. XLII. NO. 39. TIONESTA, PA., WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 8, 1909. $1.00 PER ANNUM. R st BOROUGH OFFICERS. Burgess. S. I). W. Keck. Justices uf the react C. A. Ramiah, D. W. Clark. Councttmen. J. W. Landers, J. T. Dale, Q, It. Knblnson, Wm. Hmnsrbnugh, J. W. Jamlosnn, W. J. Cauipholl, A. Ii. Kelly. Cbiua&f Oharlos Clark. Collector W. H. Hood. School Directors i. O. Hcowdon, R. M. Herman, Q-Jainimton, J. J. Landers, J. K. Clark, W. O. Wyman. FOREST COUNTY OFFICER. S. Member of Congress N. P. Wheeler. Member of Senate J. IC. P. Hall. Assembly A. H. Meubllng. President Judge Win. K. Rice. Associate Judges F, X. Kreitler, P. C. Hill. Protkonotaty, Register t Recorder, dc. -J. C. deist. MerilTS. R. Maxwell. Treasurer Geo. W. Ilolnninii. Commissioners Win. H. Hurrison, J. M. Ztinndel, II. H. MoClellan. District AttorneyA. V. Brown. Jury Commissioners Ernest Nibble, Lewis Wagner. Coroner Dr. O Y. Detar. County Auditors -ifiorga H. Warden, A. C. Uregg and J. I Kelly. County surveyor D. W. Clark. County Superintendent D. W. Morri son. Krtnlar Turn mf ). Fourth Mondny of February. Third Monday of May. Four tli Monday of Hepteiulier. Third Monday of November. Regular Meetings of County Commis sioners lHt and 3d Tuesdays of montn. Churrk an Nabbalb Mcbaal. Presbyterian Sabbath School at 9:46 a. m. i M. E. Sabbath School at 10:00 a. m. Preaching in M. E. Church every Sab bath evening by Rev. W.O. Calhoun. Preaching in the F. M. Church every Bebbath evening at the usual hour. Rev. K. L. Monroe, Pastor. Preaching in the Presbyterian church evervNabbatb at 11:00 a. in. aud 7:30 p. in. Rev. H. A. Hailey, PaHor. The regular meetings of the W. C. T. U. are held at the headquarters on the seoond and fourtn Tuesdays of each month. BUSINESS DIRECTORY. 'pi' NESTA LODGE, No. 369, 1. 0. 0. F. 1 Meets every Tuesday evening, in Odd Fellows' Hall, Partridge building. CAPT. O KOKO E STOW POST, No. 274 Q. A, R. Meets 1st Monday evening In each month. C APT. OKO ROE STOW CORPS, No. 137, W. R. C, meet first and third Wednesday evening of each month. RITCUEY A CARP.INGER. ATTORN E Y S-AT-LA W, Tionesta, Pa. CURTIS M. 8IIAWKEY. ATTORN EY-AT-LAW, Warron, Pa. Practice in Forest Co. AO BROWN, ATTORN EY-AT-LAW. OlHceln Arner Building, Cor. Elm and Bridge Sts., Tionesta, Pa. FRANK 8. HUNTER, D. D. S. Rooms over Citizens Nat. Bank, TIONESTA, PA. DR. J. C. DUNN, PHYSICIAN AND SUROEON. and DRUUiJIvr. Office in Dunn A Fulton drug store. Vionesta, Pa. Profess ional calls promptly responded to at all hours of day or night. Residence Elm St., three doors above the store. D R. F. J. P.OVARD, Physician A Surgeon, TIONESTA, PA. D R. J, R. 8IOO INS. Physlciau and Surgeon, OIL CITY, PA. HOTEL WEAVER, C. V. WEAVER, Proprietor. Modern and up to-date in all its ap pointments. Every convenience and comfort provided for the traveling public CENTRAL HOUSE, OEROW A UEKO W Proprietor. Tionseta, Pa. This is the most centrally located hotel in the place, and has all me modern Improvements. No pains will be spared to make it a pleasant stopping place for the traveling publio. First class Livery in connection. pHIL. EMERT FANCY BOOT A SHOEMAKER. Shop over It. L Haslet's grocery store on Elm street. Is preparbd to do all Kinds of custom work from the finest to the coarsest and guarantees his work to give perfoct satisfaction. Prompt atten tion given to mending, and prices rea sonable. For MerWho Know What they waut anil insist on having it, for those who know whether Shoes are just right nr lack that indeBnite something go necessary to a perfect Shoe, for these men ami all careful dressers, we euy wear "Lammers" Shoes. LAMMERS OIL CITY, PA. L... A MESSAGE READ TO CONGRESS No Jariff Revision For the Present. NiCARAGUAN TROUBLE. Irresponsible Nations Not Pro tected by Monroe Doctrine, A DEFICIT OF $73,075,600. legislation Urged Against In junctions Without Notice. Washington, IVr. 7. In his annual message, rend to congrt-ss, President Tnft said: To the Somite and the House of Rep resentatives: The rclatloii!i of the United States with nil foreign governments hure con tinued upon the normal basis of amity and good understanding and nre very genera I ly sn tisf netory. Europe. The American rights In the fisheries on the north Atlantic coast) under the fisheries article of the treaty of IStS liae Ik.-l'Ii n cause of (lltTerence be tween the L'ultcd Slates nnd Great Itritaln for uvnrly seventy years. The Interests Involved are of great impor tance to the American fishing industry, nnd (he II tin I settlement of the contro versy by the permanent court of ar bitration tit The Hague will remove a source of constant Irritation nnd com plaint. This is the first case Involving such great International questions which has been submitted to the per manent court of arbitration nt The Hague. Negotiations for tin International conference to consider nnd reach nn arrangement providing for the preser vation nnd protection of the fur seals in the north Pnciiic nre In progress with the governments of tlrent Britain, Japan mid Itussln. The nttltudo of the governments Interested leads nie to hope for a satisfactory settlement of this question ns the ultimate outcome of the negotiations. The Near East. The quick transition of the govern ment of the Ottoman empire from one of retrograde tendencies to n constl (ullotinl government with n parlia ment mid with progressive modern policies of reform nnd public Improve ment Is one of the Important phenome na of our times. Constitutional gov ernment seems nlso to have mnde further advance in Persia. These events have turned the eyes of the world upon the near enst. In thnt quarter the prestige of the United states has spread widely through the peaceful inllneiice of American schools, universities aud missionaries. There Is every reason why we should obtain a greater share of the commerce of the near enst since the conditions are more favorable now than ever before. Latin America. One of the happiest events In recent pan-American diplomacy was the pa cillc, Independent settlement by the governments of Bolivia and Peru of a boundary difference between them, which for some weeks threatened to cause war and even to cntrnln lm bltterments affecting other republics less directly concerned. Our Citizens Abroad. Tills administration, through the de partment of state nnd the foreign serv ice. Is lending nil proper support to legitimate and beneficial American en terprises in foreign countries, the de gree of such support being measured i;y the national advantages to be ex pected. A cltlz.cn himself cannot by contract or otherwise divest himself of the right, nor can this government escape the obligation, of his protec tion In his personal and property rights when these nre unjustly In fringed In n foreign country. To avoid ceaseless vexations It is proper that In considering whether American enter prise should be encouraged or support ed In n particular country the govern ir.ent should give full weight not only to the national as opposed to the Indi vidual benefits to accrue, but also to the fact whether or not the govern ment of the country In question is In lis administration nnd In Its diplomacy faithful to the principles of modera tion, equity nnd Justice upon which alone depends International credit In diplomacy ns -well ns in flnnnee. The Monroe Doctrine. The pan-American policy of this government has long been fixed In Its principles nnd remains unchanged. With the changed circumstances of tha United Stales nnd of the republics to the south of us, most of which have great natural resources, stable govern ment and progressive ideals, the ap prehension which gave rise to the Monroe doctrine niny be said to have nearly disappeared, and neither the doctrine as It exists nor any other doc trine of American policy should bo permitted to operate for the perpetua tlou of irresponsible government, the escape of Just obligations or the insidi ous allegation of dominating ambitions on the part of the United States. My meeting with President Diaz and the greotli.g exchanged on both Amer ican and Mexican soil served, I hope, to signalize the close and cordial rela tions which so well bind together this republic and the great republic Imme diately to the south, betweeu which there Is so vast a network of material interests. I am linppy to say that all but one of the cases which for so long vexed our relations with Venezuela have been settled within the past few months nnd that, under the enlight ened regime now directing the govern ment of Venezuela, provision has been made for arbitration of the remaining case before The Hague tribunal. On July 30. 1000, the government of Panama agreed, after considerable ne gotiation, to Indemnify the relatives of the American ofllcers and sailors who wero brutally treated, one of them having. Indeed, been killed by the rananinn police this year. This government was obliged to In tervene diplomatically to bring about arbitration or settlement of the claim of the Emery company against Nica ragua, which It had long before been agreed should be arbitrated. A settle ment of this troublesome case was reached by the signature of a protocol on Sept. IS, 1000. Many years ago diplomatic Interven tion became necessary to the protec tion of the Interests iu the American claim of Alsop & Co. against the government of Chile. The govern ment of Chile had frequently admitted obligation In the case nnd had prom ised this government to settle it. There had been two abortive attempts to do so through nrbit ml commissions, which failed through lack of Jurisdiction. Now. happily, as the result of the re cent diplomatic negotiations, the gov ernments of the United States and of Chile, actuated by the sincere desire to free from any strain those cordial and friendly relations upon which both set such store, have agreed by a proto col to submit the controversy to defin itive settlement by his Britannic majes ty Edward VII. The Nicaraguan Trouble. Since the Washington conventions of 1007 were communicated to the gov ernment of the United States as a con sulting and advising party this gov eminent has beeu almost continuously called upon by ouc or another and In turn by all of the five Central Amer ican republics to exert Itself for the maintenance of the conventions. Near ly every complaint has been against the Zelaya government of Nicaragua, which has kept Central America I constant tension or turmoil. The re sponses made to the represeutatlous of Central Aniericnu republics as due from the United States ou account of Its relation to the Washington conven tions have been nt nil times conserva tive and have avoided, so far as possi ble, any semblance of Interference, al though It Is very apparent that the considerations of geographic proximity to the canal zoue aud of the very sub stantial Americau Interests In Central America give to the United States a special position In the zone of these republics and the Cnrlbbcau sea. I need not rehearse here the patient efforts of this government to promote peace and welfare among these re publics, efforts which are fully appre ciated by the majority of them who are loyal to their true Interests. It would bo no less unnecessary to re hearse here the sad tale of unspeak able barbarities and oppression alleged to have been committed by the Zelaya government. Receutly two Americans were put to death by order of Presi dent Zelnyu himself. They were olli cers lu tho organized forces of a rev olution which had continued many weeks aud was In coulrol of about half of the republic, aud as such, ac cording to tue modern enlightened practice of civilized nations, they wero entitled to be dealt with as prisoners of war. At the date when thb niessago is printed this government hns termi nated diplomatic relations with the Zelaya government for reasons niado public in a communication to the for mer Nicaraguan charge d'affaires and s lntendlnr to tako such future steps as may be found most consistent with Us dignity, its duty , to American in terests aud its moral obligations to Central America and to civilization. It may Inter be necessary for nio to bring this subject to the attention of the congress iu a special message. In the Far East. In the far enst this government pre serves unchanged Us policy of support ing the principle of equality of oppor tunity aud scrupulous respect for the integrity of the Chlneso empire, to which policy nre pledged the Interest ed powers of both east and west. Ry tho treaty of 1003 China has un dertaken tlio abolition of 1 IU in with n moderate and proportionate raising of tho customs tariff along with currency reform. These reforms being a mani fest advantage to foreign commerce ns well as to the Interests of China, this government Is endeavoring to facili tate these measures and the needful acquiescence of tho treaty powers. When' It appeared thnt Chlneso Ukln revenues wero to bo hypothecated to foreign bankers In connection with a great railway project It was obvious that the governments whose nationals held tills loan would have a certain direct Interest In the question of the carrying out by China of the reforms in question. The administration deem ed American participation to be of great national Interest, flappily, when It was as a matter of broad policy ur gent that this opportunity should not he lost, the Indispensable Instrumental ity presented Itself when a group of American bankers of international reputation nud great resources agreed at once to share lu the loan upon pre cisely such terms as this government should approve. The chief of those terms was that American railway ma terial should be upon an exact equality with that of the other nationals Join ing In the loan In the placing of or ders for this whole railroad system. After months of negotiation the qual participation of Americans seems at last assured. lu one of the Chinese-Japanese con reutious of Sept. 1 of this year there was a pro Islou which caused consid erable public apprehension In that upon its face It was believed In some quarters to seek to establish a monop oly of mining privileges along the South Mnnchurinn nud Antung-Muk-den railroads and thus to exclude Americans from a wide field of enter prise, to take part In which they were by treaty with China entitled. After a thorough examination of the conven tions and of the several contextual documents the secretary of state reach ed the conclusion that no such monop oly was intended or accomplished. This government made Inquiry of the imperial Chinese nnd Japanese gov ernments nnd received from each offl rial assurance that the provision bad no purpose Inconsistent with the poli cy of eqnnlity of opportunity to which the signatories, In common with the United States, nro pledged. Our traditional relations with the Japanese empiro continue cordial, as usual. The arrangement of 1008 for a co-operative control of the coming of laborers to tho United States has proved to work satisfactorily. The matter of a revision of the existing treaty between the United States and Japan which Is terminable in 1012 is already receiving the atudy of both countries. The Department of State. I earnestly recommend to the favor able action of the congress the esti mates submitted by the department of state and most especially the loglsla tlon suggested In the secretary of state's letter of this date whereby It will be possible to develop and make permanent the reorganization of the department upon modern lines In a manner to make It a thoroughly ef ficient Instrument iu the furtherance of our foreign trade and of American Interests abroad. Under a provision of the act of Aug. o, 1000. I have appointed three officials to assist t lie officers of the government in collecting information necessary to a wise administration of the tariff act of Aug. 5. 1000. As to questions of customs administration they are co operating with the officials of the treasury department and as to matters of the needs aud the exigencies of our manufacturers aud exporters with the department of commerce and labor lu its relation to the domestic aspect of the subject of foreign commerce. As a cousequence of section 2 of the tariff net of Aug. 5, 1000, It becomes the duty of the secretary of state to con duct as diplomatic business all the negotiations necessary to place him in a position to advise me as to whether or not a particular country unduly dis criminates against the United States In the sense of the statute referred to. Government Expenditure and Rev enues. Terhaps tho most important ques tion presented to this administration is that of economy lu expenditures and sufficiency of revenue. The report of (he secretary shows thnt the ordinary expenditures for the current fiscal yenr ending June 30, 1910. will exceed the estimated re ceipts by $34.07."i.ii20. If to this deficit are added, the sum to be disbursed for the Panama canal, amounting to $38, 000,000, nnd $1,000,000 to bo paid on the public debt, the deficit of ordinarv receipts and expenditures will be In creased to n total deficit of $73.073,(J1!0. This deficit the secretary proposes to meet by the proceeds of bonds issued to pay the cost of constructing the i'anainn canal. I approve this pro posal. The Panama Canal. The policy of paying for tho con struction of the Panama canal not out of current revenue, but by bond issue, was adopted In the Spooner net of 1002, and there seems to be no good reason for departing from the princi ple by which a part at least of the burden of tho cost of the canal shall fall upon our posterity, who are to enjoy it, and there Is all the more rea son for this view because tho actual cost to date of the canal, which is uow '.itilf dono nnd which will be completed Jan. 1, 1015, shows that the cost of engineering and constructlou will be $207.7i;f!,Otio Instead of $130,703,200, os originally estimated. In addition to engineering and construction, tho oth er expenses, Including sanitation and government nnd the amount paid for the properties, tho franchise and the privilege of building the eaual, in crease the cost by $73,433,000 to a total of $373.20 1.01)0. The Increase lu tho cost of engineering and construc tion Is due to a substantial enlarge ment of tho plan of construction by widening the canal KM) feet in the Cu lebra cut and by increasing the dl inenslons of the lin ks, to the under estimate of the quantity of tho work io be done under the original plan and to an underestimate of the cost of la licr ami materials, both of which have rreatly enhanced lu price since the original estimate was made. Government Economy. In order to avoid a deficit for the ensuing fiscal year 1 directed the heids of departments In the prepara tion of their estimates to make them ns low :m possible consistent with Im neratlve governmental necessity. The reslt has been, as I am advised by the secretary of the treasury, that the estimates of the expenses of the gov ernment for tho Uicnl year ending June 30, 1011 thnt Is, for the next fiscal year are less by $33,003,000 than the total of appropriations for the current fiscal year and less by $04,000,000 tliun the estinintes for that year. So far as the secretary of the treasury Is able to form n judgment ns to future Income, there will be no deficit lu the yenr ending June 30, 1011. but a small surplus of $712,000. Iu the present estimates the needs of the departments aud of the gov ernment have been cut to the quick. For the purpose of securing informa tion which may enable the executive and the legislative branches to unite iu a plan for the permanent reduction ot tho cost of governmental adminis tration the treasury department has Instituted an investigation by one of the most skilled expert accountants in the United States. The object of the Investigation is to devise means to in crease the average efficiency of each employee. There Is great room for im provement toward this end, not only by the reorganization of bureaus and departments and In the avoidance of duplication, but also In the treatment of the Individual employee. Under the present system it constant ly happens that two employees receive the same salary when the work of one Is far more difficult and important and exacting than that of the other. Su perior ability Is uot rewarded or en couraged. Civil Pensions. As the degree of efficiency in all the departments Is much lessened by the re tention of old employees who have out lived their energy and usefulness it Is Indispensable to nny proper system of economy that provision be made so that their separation from the service shall be easy and Inevitable, it Is Im possible to make such provision unless there is adopted a plan of civil pen sions. We cannot. In view of the ad vancing prices of living, hope to save money by a reduction in the standard of salaries paid. Indeed, if nny change Is made In thnt regard an increase rather than a decrease will be neces sary, and the only means of economy will be in reducing the number of employees and iu obtaining a greater average of efficiency from those re tained In the service. Frauds In the Collection of Customs. I regret to refer to the fact of the discovery of extensive frauds in tho collection of the customs revenue at New York city. In which a number of the subordinate employees in tho weighing and other departments were directly concerned and In which tho beneficiaries were tho American Sugar Refining company and others. The frauds consisted in the payment of du ty on underweights of sugar. The gov ernment has recovered from the Amer ican Sugar Refining company all that It Is shown to have been defrauded of. The sum wns received In full of the amount due which might have been recovered by civil action against the beneficiary of the fraud, but there was nn excess reservation In the contract of settlement by which the settlement should not Interfere with or prevent tho criminal prosecution of every ono who wns found to be subject to tho same. Criminal prosecutions are now pro ceeding against a number of the gov ernment officers. The treasury de partment and the department of jus tlce nre exerting every effort to dis cover all the wrongdoers. Including tho officers and employees of the compa nies who may have been privy to the fraud. It would seem to me t lint an Investigation of the frauds by con gress at present, pending the probing by the treasury department and tho department of justice, as proposed. might by giving Immunity and other wise prove an embarrassment lu se curing conviction of the guilty parties. Maximum and Minimum Clause In Tarif Act. Two features of tho new tariff act call for special reference, in order that tho maximum duty shall be charg ed against the imports from a country it Is necessary that tho executive shall find ou the part of that country not only discriminations In its laws or the practice under them ngniust the trade of the United States, but that the dls ctimlnatlous found shall be undue that is. without good aud fair reason. No one Is seeking a tariff war or a con dition In which the spirit of retaliation shall be aroused. Tariff Readjustment. The new turlff law enables me to ap point a tariff board to assist mo In con nection with the department of state In the administration of the minimum und maximum clause of the act and also to assist officers of the government lu the administration of the entire law. I be lieve that the work of tills board will be of prime utility and Importance whenever congress shall deem it wise again to readjust the customs duties. If the facts secured by the tariff board ore of such a character as to show gen erally that tho rates of duties Imposed by the present tariff law are excessive under the principles of protection as described In the platform of tile suc cessful party at the late election I shall not hesitate to Invite the atten tion of congress to this fact nnd to the necessity for action predicated (here on. Nothing, however, halts business and Interferes with the course of pros perity so much ns the threatened revi sion cf the tariff, and until the facts are at hand, after careful and deliber ate Investigation, upon which such r vlsiou can properly be undertaken. It seems to mo unwise to attempt It. War Department. In the Internst of Immediate econ omy I have required a reduction In tho estimates of the war department for the coining fiscal yenr whVh brings the total estimates down to nn amount for'y-tive niilliuns less than the corresponding estimates for last year. This could be accomplished only by cutting off new projects and sus pending for the period of one year all progress lu military matters. For the same reason I have directed that the army shall not be recruited up to its present authorized strength. These measures can hardly be more than temporary, for I nm sure that the In terests of the military establishment are seriously lu need of careful con sideration by congress. The secretary of war alls attention to a number of needed changes in the army, In all of which I concur, but tho point upon which I place most em phasis is the need for an elimination bill providing a method by which the merits of officers shall have some ef fect upon their advancement and by which the advancement of nil may be accelerated by the effective elimination of a definite proportion of the least efficient. The military and naval Joint board have unanimously agreed that It would be unwise to make the large expendi tures which at one time were contem plated In the establishment of a mivn base and station lu (lie Philippine Is lands nud have expressed their judg ment, Iu which I fully cencur. In fa vor of making an extensive naval base at Pearl Harbor, near Honolulu, and not in the Philippines. The Navy. Tho return of the battleship fleet from its voyage around the world in more efficient condition than when it started was a noteworthy event of in terest ullke to our citizens and the naval authorities of the world. The marked success of the ships In steam ing around the world In nil weathers ou schedule time has Increased respect for our navy und has udded to our ua tlonal prestige. It Is a regrettable fact that the higher officers are old for the respon sibilities of the modern navy, and the admirals do uot arrive at Hag ratik young enough to obtain adequate train Ing in their duties as flag officers. Owing to the necessity for economy in expenditures, I have directed the curtailment of recommendations for naval appropriations so that they nre thirty-right millions less than the cor responding estimates of last year, and the request for new naval construction Is limited to two first class battleships and one repair vessel. The secretary of the navy has inau gurated a tentative plan involving cer tain changes in the organization of the uavy department. Including the navy yards, nil of which have been found by the attorney general (o be in ac cordance with law. 1 have approved the execution of the plan proposed be cause of the greater efficiency and economy it promises. Department of Justice Expedition In Legal Procedure. The deplorable delays In the admin istration of chil and criminal law have received the attention of committees of the American liar association and of many state bar associations ns well ns the considered thought of judges and Jurists. In my Judgment, a change lu public procedure, with a view to re ducing Its expense to private litigants In civil cases and facilitating the dis patch of business nnd final decision in both civil and criminal cases, consti tutes the greatest need In our Ameri can Institutions. I do not doubt for one moment 'i lint much of the lawless violence and cruelty exhibited In lynch iugs nre directly due to the uncertain ties and injustice growing out of the delays lu trials, judgments nnd the exe cutions thereof by our courts. I therefore recommend legislation providing for the appointment by tho president of a commission with author ity lo examine the law and equity procedure of the federal courts of first Instance, the law of appeals from those courts to the courts of appeals nnd to the supreme court nnd the costs Imposed lu such procedure upon the private litigants and upon I he public treasury and make recommendation with a view to simplifying and ex pediting the procedure ns far us pos sible and making it as Inexpensive as may be to the litigant of little means. The platform of the successful party In the last election contained the fol lowing: Injunctioni Without Notice. "We believe (hat the rules of proce dure In the federal courts with respect to the issuance of the writ of Injunc tion should he more accurately defined by statute and Hint no injunction or temporary restraining order should be Issued without notice, except where Irreparable Injury would result from delay, in which case n speedy hearing thereafter should be granted." I recommend that In compliance with the promise finis made appropriate leg islation be adopted. Moreover, every such Injunction or restraining order Issued without previous notice nud op portunity by the defendant to be heard should by force of Hie statute expire nnd lie of no effect lifter seven days from the Issuance thereof or within any time less than that period which the court may fix unless within such seven days or such less period the in junction or order Is extended or re newed after previous notice nnd op portunity to be heard Anti-truot and Interstate Commerce Lawi. Tlie Jurisdiction of the general gov ernment over Interstate commerce has led to the piissngc of (lie so culled "Sherman anti-trust law" and tho "in terstate oeninierce law" and Its amendments. The developments iu the operation of those laws call for a dis cussion and some suggestions as to amendments. 'These I prefer to em body lu a special message. Postoffice Department Second Class Mail Mattrr. The deficit every year In the post office department Is largely caused ! tho low rate of postage ot 1 rent a pound charged ou second class mall matter, which includes not only news papers, but magazines and miscella neous periodicals. The actual loss grow ing out of the transmission ot this second class mall matter at 1 cent a pound amounts to about $03,000,000 a year. The average cost of the trans portation of this matter Is more than 0 cents a pound. The statistics of 1007 show thnt second class mall matter constituted 03.01 per cent of (he weight of all the mail and yielded ouly 5.19 per cent of the revenue. Tho figures given are startling nnd show the payment by the government of an enormous subsidy to the news papers, magazines and periodicals, A great saving might be made, amount ing to much more than half of the loss, by Imposing upon magazines nnd peri odicals a higher rate of postage. Postal Savings Bank. I believe postal savings hanks to be necessary In order to offer a proper Inducement to thrift and saving to a great ninny people of small means who do not now have banking facilities aud to whom such a system would offer an opportunity for the accumulation of capital. They will furnish a satisfactory substitute, based ou sound principle and actual successful trial In nearly all the countries of the world, for tb system of government guaranty of deposits now being adopted In several western states which, with deference to those who advocate It, seems to mt (o have in it tho seeds of demoraliza tion to conservative banking and cer tain financial disaster. Ship Subsidy. Following the course of my distin guished predecessor, I i mostly rec ommend to congress the consideration and passage of a ship subsidy bill. Interior Department New Mexico and Arizona. Tho successful party lu the last elec tion in Its national platform declared in favor of the admission as separate states of New Mexico and Arizona, and I recommend that legislation ap propriate to this end be adopted. Alauka. With respect to the territory of Alas ka, I recommend legislation which shall provide for tho appointment by the president of a governor and also of an executive council, the members of which shall during their term of office reside in the territory and which shall have legislative powers sufficient to enable It to give to the territory lo cal laws adapted to its present growth. 1 strongly deprecate legislation looking to the election of a territorial legisla ture in that vast district. Conservation of Natural Resources. In several oepartnients there is pre sented the necessity for legislation looking to the further conservation of our national resources, and the sub ject Is one of such Importance us to require a more detailed and extended discussion than can bo entered upon In this communication. For that rea son I shall take uu early opportunity to send a special message to congress. The White Slave Trade. There is urgent necessity for addi tional legislation and greater executive activity to suppress the recruiting of the rauks of prostitutes from tho streams of Immigration into tlilscoun-try-au evil which, for waut of a bet ter name, has been called "the while slave trade." Bureau of Health, There seems to be ivo reason why the bureaus and olll(.s In the general government which r-jivc to do with the public health f subjects akin thereto should not be united in a bu reau to be called Hie "bureau of pub lic health." Political Contributions. I urgently recommend to congress that a law be passed requiring that candidates In elections of members of the house of representatives and com mittees iu charge of their candidacy aud campaign Ulo In a proper office of the United States government a state ment of the contributions received aud of the expenditures incurred In the campaign for such elections and that similar legislation be enacted In re spect to all other elections which are constitutionally withlu the control of congress. Conclusion. Speaking generally, tho country Is lu a high stato of prosperity. There is every reason to believe that we are ou the eve of a substantial business ex pansion, und we have Just garnered a harvest unexampled l;i the market val ue of our agricultural products. The high prices which such products bring mean great prosperity for the farming community; but, on the other band, (hey mean a very considerably Increas ed burden upon (hoso classes In the community whoso yearly compensation does not cxixiud with the improvement lu business nnd tho geuernl prosperity. Various reasons are given for the high prices. The proportionate Increase in tho output of gold, which today is the chief medium of exchange and is in some respects a measure of value, fur nishes a substantial explanation of at least part of the Increase In prices. Thu Increase lu population and the more expensive mode of living of the people, which have not been accom panied by a proportionate Increase in acreage production, may furnish a fur ther reason. It Is well to note that the Increase In the cost of living Is not confined to this country, but prevails the world over, and that those who would charge Increases In prices to the existing protective tariff must meet the fact that the rise lu prices has taken place almost wholly In those, products of the factory nud farm In respect to which there has been either no Increase In the tariff or In many Instances a very considerable reduction.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers