RATES OF ADVERTISING: One Square, one inch, oneweek... J 1 00 One Square, one Inch, one month 3 00 One Square, one Inch, 3 months.... S 00 One Square, one inch, one year ..... 10 00 Two Squares, one year 15 00 Quarter Column, one year 80 00 Half Column, one year 60 00 One Column, one year 190 00 Legal advertisements ten cents per line each insertion. We do fine Job Printing of every de scription at reasonable rates, but it's cash on delivery. Published overy Wednesday by .. J. E. WENK. Offloe in Smearbangh & Weak Building, KLM 8TKBKT, TI0NK8TA, FA. Fore EPUBLICAN. Terms, f 1.00 A Yr, Hlrletly In Advaae. .III III t No subscription Received fur shorter period than three mouths. Correspondence solicited, but no notice will bo taken of anonymous oominunloa lions. Always give your name. VOL. XXXVIII. NO. 39. .TIONESTA, PA., WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 6, 1905. $1.00. PER ANNUM. THE FOREST REPUBLICAN. R ST BOROUGH OFFICERS. HurgefS.A. II. Dale, Justices of the Peace S. S. Canfleld, S. J. Betley. Ctmncumen.J . B. Muse, J. W, Lan ders, J. T. Dale. W. F Killmer, C. A. Lanson, (leo. Iloletnan, O. T. Anderson. Constable W . H. Hood. Collector H. J. Setloy. School Directors J. O. Scowden. B. L. Haslet, E. W. Bowman, T. F. Kitchey, A. C. Brown, Dr. J. C. Duun. FOREST COUNTY OFFICERS. Member of Congress Joseph C. Sibley. Member of HenateJ. K. P. llall. AssenblyJ. II. Robertson. President Judge YJ. M. Lindsay. Associate Judges W. H. U. Dotterer, F. X. Kreltler. Pi oAonoary , Register A Recorder, Ac. J. O. Oelst. Hheriff. Ueo. W. Nobllt. Treasurer W. II. llarrlson. Oomynistioners C. Burhenu, A. K. Shlpe, Henry Weingnrd. District Attorney S. D. Irwin. Jury Gommissionert Ernest Slbble, Lewis Wagner. Coroner Or. J. W. Morrow. County .auditors W. H. Stiles, Geo. W. Holeman, B. A. MoCloskey. Countu thirveyor-D. W. Clark. County Superintendent O. W. Morri son. . BecMlar Term ( Court. Fourth Monday of February. Third Monday of May. , Foarth Monday of September. Third Monday of November. Ch-re...lin7bi.Bcb..l. Presbyterian Sabbath School at 9:45 a. m. : M. E. Sabbath School at 10:00 a. m. Preaching In M. E. Church every Sab bath evening by Kev, W.O. Calhoun. Preaching In the F. M. Church every Sabbath evening at the usual hour. Rev. R. A. Zahnlser, Pastor. Services In the Presbyterian Church every Sabbath morning and evening, Rev. Dr. Paul J. Slonaker, Pastor. The regular meetings of the W. C. T. U. are held at the headquarters on the second and fourth Tuesdays of each I iit-nth. BUSINESS DIRECTORY. 'TM' N KSTA LODUE, No. 369, 1. 0. 0. F. 1 MenU every Tuesday evening, In Odd Fellows' Hall, Partridge building. CAPT. GEORGE STOW POST, No. 274 G. A. K. Meet 1st and 8d Monday evening In each month, in A. O. U. W. Hall Tlonesta, CAVT. GEORGE STOW CORPS, No. 187, W. K. C, meets first and third Wednesday evening of each month, in A. O. U. W. hall, Tlonesta, Pa. TIONESTA TENT, No. 164, K. O. T. M., meets 2nd and 4th Wednesday evening In each month in A. O. U. W. ball Tlonesta, Pa. KARL E. WENK, DENTIST, . TIONESTA, PA. All work guaranteed. Rooms over Forest County National Bank. RITCHEY A CARRINGER. m ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW, Tlonesta, Pa. CURTIS M. SHAWKEY, ATTORNEY-AT-LAW. Warren, Pa. Practice in Forest Co. AO BROWN. , ATTORN EY-AT-LAW. Offloe In Arner Building, Cor. Elm and Bridge Sts., Tlonesta, Pa. D K. F. J. BOVARD, Pnyslcian nurpeon, TIONESTA, PA. DR. J. C. DUNN. PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON, and DRUGGIST. Office over store, Tlonesta, Pa. Professional calls prompt ly responded to at all hours of day or night. Residence Elm St., between Grove's grocery aud Gerow's restaurant. D R. J. B. SIGGINS. Physician ana surgeon, J OIL CITY, PA. HE. KIRSCHNER, M. D. Practice limited to diseasos of the Lungs and Chest. Office hours by ap- OILCItTpX". No. 116 CENTER ST. EW. BOLTON, M. D. . Practice limited to diseasos of the Eyes, Ears, No-o and Throat. SpeciHl attention given to the littiug of glasses. Orlloe hours 9-12 a. in., 1 ft p. m., 7-8 p. m. OIL CITY, PA. No. 110 CENTEK ST. H V.. MnKTNI.KY. Hardware, Tinnlug A Plumbing. 'i lonesm, r S3. SETLEY, ittmtipiJV)F THE PEACE. Keeps a complete line of Justice's blanks for sale. Also maua; uooua, etc). Tlonesta, Pa. HOTEL WEAVER, E. A. WEAVER, Proprietor. This hotel, formerly the Lawrence House, has undergone a complete change, and is now rurnisueu wuu u mo mod ern improvements. Heated and lighted throughout with natural gas, bathrooms, hot and oold water, etc. The comforts of guests never neglected. - CENTRAL HOUSE, . GEROW A GEROW Proprietor. Tionseta, Pa. This is the mostcentrally located hotel in the place, and has all the modern improvements. No pains will be spared to make it a pleasant slopping place for the traveling public. First class Livery in connection. pUIL. KMKRT. , FANCY BOOT A SHOEMAKER. Shop in Walters building, Cor. Kim and Walnut streets, Is prepared to do all Kinds of custom work from the finest to the coarsest and guarantors bis work to give perfect satisfaction. Prompt atten tion given to mending, and prices rea sonable. Wanted-An Idea 2SSSS Frc'Mt your ldra: they mny bring- yeu wraith. Wrlv JOHN WEUDEKUURN CO.. Patent Attnt neyt, Wellington, D. o.. for their i,JO price oBai and Utt of two hundred lnrenUun wanted. r CURES WHERE ALL ELSE FAILS M Best Couch Syrup. Tastej Good. Uso In tims. Sold by druggists. r j i y i i -1 j j ft PRESIDENT'SMESSAG President Roosevelt's nniiunl niossiigi bus been delivered to congress. Open lug wlHi a plea for the co-operation oi nil classes In continuing the country') prosperity und In correcting exlstlnj .evils, for a "H(imire deal", for every body, the message first tnkes up tin I question of corporations nnd rallrouc irute legislation. The president says: Corporations. I I am in no sense hostile to corpora Itlons. This is an ngc of combination uud any effort to prevent all coiiibluu tlou will be not only useless, but In tin 'end vicious, becuusc of the contempt for law which the failure to enforet i law inevitably produces. The corpora tlou has come to stay, Just as tut trades union has come to stay. Each can do ami has done great good. Each should bn favored so long us it doe's good. But each should bo. sharply 'checked where It acts against law und 'Justice. Experience has shown conclusively tliut it is useless to try to get any ade quate regulation nnd supervision of I these great corporations by state ac- . tioii. Such regulation nnd supervision cau only tie effectively exercised by a sovereign whose Jurisdiction Is coex tensive with the Held work of the cor porationsthat Is, by the national gov ernment. I believe that this regulation nnd supervision can be obtained by the enactment of lnw by the congress. II this proves Impossible, It will certainly be necessary ultnnntely to confer In fullest form such power upon the na tional government by affirmative ac nient of tho constitution. The laws of the congress and of the several states hitherto, us passed upon by tho courts, have resulted moro often 'In showing that the states have no power In tho matter than that the na tional government has power; so that there nt present exists a very unfortu nuto condition of things, under which these great corporations doing an In terstate business occupy the position oi subjects without a sovereign, neither nny state government nor the national government having effective control over them. Our steady aim should be by legislation, cautiously nud carefully undertaken, but resolutely persevered In, to assert the sovereignty of the na tional government by affirmative ac tion. Tills Is only in form an Innovation. In substance It is merely a restoration, for from the earliest time such regula tion of Industrial activities has been recognized In the action of tho law making bodies, nnd all that I propose Is to meet the changed conditions In such manner as will prevent the com monwealth abdicating tho power It has always possessed, not only In this coun try, but also In England before aud slneo this country became a separate nation. nnllroad note Legislation. As I said In iny message of Iec. 0 last, the Immediate and most pressing need so fur as legislation is concerned is the enactment into law of some scheme to secure to tho agents of the government such supervision and regu lation of the rates charged by the ruil rouds of the country engaged lu Inter state traffic as shall summarily and ef fectively prevent the Imposition of un just or unreasonable rates. It must include puttiug a complete stop to re bates In every shape and form. This power to regulate rates, like nil similar powers over the business world, should be exercised with moderation, caution nnd self restraint, but It should exist, so thnt it can bo effectively exercised when the need arises. In my Judgment, the most important provision which such law should con tain Is that conferring upon souio com petent administrative body tho power to decide upon the case being brought before it whether a given rate pro scribed by n railroad is reasonable und Just, und if it Is fouTid to be unreason able nnd unjust then, after full Investi gation of the complaint, to prescribe the limit of rate beyond which, it shull not bo lawful to go the maximum reasonable rate, as it is commonly call edthis division to go into effect wlth ln n reasonable time nnd to obtnln from thence ouwnrd, subject to review by tlie courts. It sometimes happens at present, not that a rate is too high, but that a fa vored shipper is given too low a rate. In such case the commission would have the right to fix this already estab lished minimum rate as the maximum, and It would need only one or two such decisions by tho commission to cure railroad companies of tho practice of giving Improper minimum rates. I call your attention to the fact that my pro posal Is not to give the commission power to Initiate or originate rates gen erally, but to regulato a rate already fixed or originated by the roads upon complaint and after Investigation. A heavy penalty should bo exacted from any corporation which falls to respect nn order of the commission. I regard this power to establish a maximum rate ns being essential to nny scheme of real reform In the matter of railway regulation. - " It Is worth while considering whether It would not be wise to confer on the government the right of civil notion against the beneficiary of n rebate for nt least twice the value of the rebate. This would help stop what Is really blackmail. Elevator allowances should bo stopped, for they have now grown to such nu extent that they are demor alizing and are used ns rebates. Private Car Line. All private car lines, industrial roads, refrigerator charges and the like Bhould be expressly put under the su pervision of tho Interstate commerce commission or some similar body so Ifnr ns rates and agreements practical ly affect lug rates are concerned. A re bnte In icing charges or In mileage or In a division of the rate for refrigerating charges Is Just as pernicious as a re bate In any othor way. There should ho publicity of the ac counts of common carriers. Only In this way cun violations or evasions of tho law be surely detected. A system of examination of railroad accounts should be provided similar to that now conducted into the nutlonal banks by tho bank examiners. A few first class railroad accountants, If they had prop ir direction und proper authority to In spect hooks nnd papers, could accom plish much In preventing willful viola tions of the law. Employers' Liability Law. In my annual message to the Flfty clghth congress nt Its second session I recommended the passage of uu em ployers' liability law for the District of Columbia nnd In our nuvy yards. I re newed that recommendation In my message to the Fifty-eighth congress at its Stroud session and further suggest ed the appointment of a commission to make a comprehensive study of em ployers' liability with a view to the en actment of a wise and constitutional law covering the subject, applicable to all Industries within the Bcope of the federal power. I hope that such a law will be prepared and enncted as speed ily as possible. There has been demand for depriving courts of the power to issue injunctions In labor disputes. Such special limita tion of the equity powers of our courts would be most unwise. It Is true that some Judges have misused this power, but this does not Justify a denial of the power any more than an improper ex ercise of the power to call a strike by a labor lender would Justify the denial of the right to strike. The remedy Is to regulate the procedure by requiring the Judge to give due notice to the adverse pnrtles before granting the writ, tho hearing to be ex parte if the adverse party does not appear at the time nnd plnce ordered. Whnt Is due notice must depend upon the' facts of the case. It should net bo used ns a pretext to per mit violation of law or the Jeopardiz ing of life or property. Of course tills would not 'authorize the issuing of a restraining order or Injunction in any case In which it Is not ulready author ized by existing law. I renew the recommendation I made In my Inst annual message for an in vestigation by tho department of com merce and labor of general labor condi tions, especial attention to be paid to the conditions of child labor and child labor legislation In the several states. Such nn Investigation should take into account the various problems with which the, question of child labor Is connected."" ih such a republic as ours the one thing that we cannot afford to neglect Is the problem of turning out decent citizens. Tho futuro of the na tion depends upon tho citizenship of tho generations to come. The children of today are those who tomorrow will shape the destiny of our land, and we cannot afford to neglect them. Tho leg islature of Colorado has recommended thnt the national government provido some general measure for the protec tion from abuse of children aud dumb animals throughout the United States. I lay the matter before you for what I trust will be your favorable consider ation. Am to Women Who Work. The department of commerce and la bor should also make a thorough inves tigation of the conditions of women in industry. Over 5,000,0K American wo men are now engaged in gainful occu pations, yet there Is an almost complete dearth of data upon which to base any trustworthy conclusions us regards a subject as Important ns It is vast and complicated. The Introduction of wo men into Industry is working change and disturbance In the domestic and social life of the nation." The decrease lu marriage, and especially In the birth rate, hns beeu coincident with it. We must face accomplished facts, nud the adjustment to factory conditions must bo made, but surely it can be made with less friction and less harmful ef fects on family life than is now the case. This -wholo matter , In reality forms one of tho greatest sociological phenomena of our time. It is a social question of tho first importance, of far greater Importance than nny merely po litical or economic question cau be. In nny great labor disturbance not only are employer and employee Inter ested, but also n third party the gen eral public. Every considerable labor difficulty in which Interstate commerce Is Involved should be investigated by the government and the facts officially reported to tho public. InNnrnnee. The great Insurance companies afford striking examples of corporations (whose business bos extended so far beyond the jurisdiction of the states which created them as to preclude strict enforcement of supervision and regulation by tho parent states. In my last annual message I recommended "that the congress carefully consider whether the power of tho bureau of corporations cannot constitutionally lie extended to cover Interstate transac tions In Insurance." Recent events have emphasized the Importance of nn early nnd exhaustive consideration of this question, (o see whether it is not possible to furnish better safeguards than the several states have been able to furnish against corruption of tho flagrant kind which has been exposed. It has been only too clearly shown that certain of the men at the head of these large corporations take but small note of the ethical distinction between honesty and dishonesty. They draw tho line only this side of what may bo called law honesty, the kind of honesty noccssnry In order to avoid falling Into tho clutches of the law. Of course the only complete remedy for this condi tion must be found In nn aroused pub lic conscience, it higher sense of ethical conduct la the community nt large and ospeelnlly .'11110116 business men and In the" great profisslon of the I.iw.tiuO In the growth of a spirit which condemns all dishonesty, whether In rich man or in poor man, whether it takes the shape of bribery or of blackmail. But much can be done by legislation which is not only drastic, but practical. There is need of a far stricter and more uni form regulation of the vast Insurance Interests of this country. The United States should in this respect follow the policy of other nations by providing adequate national supervision of com mercial interests which are clearly na tional in character. I repeat iny previous recommenda tion that the congress should consider whether the federal government has any power or owes any duty with re spect to domestic transactions in in surance of an interstate character. That state supervision, has proved in adequate is generally conceded. The Revenues. There Is more need of stability than of the attempt to attain an ideal per fection in the methods of raising rev enue, and the shock and strain to the business world certain to attend any serious change In these methods ren der such change Inadvisable unless for grave reason. It is not possible to lay down any general rule by which to de termine the moment when the reasons for will outweigh tho reasons against such a change. No change can be mudo on Hues beneficial to or desired by one section or one state only. There must be something like a general agree ment among the citizens of the several states that the change is needed and desired In the Interest of the people as a whole, and there should then be a sin cere, Intelligent and disinterested ef fort to make It In such shape as will combine, so far as possible, the maxi mum of good to the people at large with the minimum of necessary disre gard for the special Interests of locali ties or classes, but In time of peace the revenue must, on the average, taking a series of years together, equal the expenditures or else the revenues must be Increased. Last year there was a deficit. Unless our expenditures can be kept within the revenues then our revenue laws must be readjusted. It Is Impossible to outline what shape such a readjustment should take, for it Is ns yet too early to say whether there will bo need for it. It should be considered whether It is not desirable that the tariff laws should provide for applying as against or in favor of any other nation maximum and minimum tariff rates established by the congress, so as to secure a certain reciprocity of treatment between other nations and ourselves. Economy In Expenditure. I earnestly recommend to the con gress the need of economy and, to this end, of a rigid scrutiny of appropria tions. All unnecessary offices should be abolished. In the public printing also a large saving of money can be made. There is a constantly growing tendency to publish masses of unim portant information at which no human being ever looks. Yet, in speaking of economy, I must In nowise bo understood as advocating the false economy which Is lu the end the worst extravagauec. To cut down In the navy would be a crime against the nation. To fall to push forward all work on the Panama canal would be as great a folly. Currency. ' Every consideration of prudence de mands the addition of the clement of elasticity to our currency system. Tho evil does not consist In an Inadequate volume of money, but In the rigidity of this volume, which does not respond as it should to the varying needs of communities and of seasons. Inflation must be avoided, but some provision should ' be made that will Insure a larger volume of money during the fall and winter months than In the less ac tive seasons of the year, so thnt the currency will contract against specula tion and will expand for the needs of legitimate business. At present the treasury department Is nt lrregulnrly recurring Intervals obliged In the Inter est of the business world that 's. In the Interests of the American public to try to avert finnncial crises by pro viding a remedy which should be pro vided by congressional action. Bnalnena Method In Department. At various times I have Instituted in vestigations Into the organization and conduct of the business of the execu tive departments. While none of these Inquiries have yet progressed far enough to warrant final conclusions, they have already confirmed and em phasized the general impression that the organization of the departments Is often faulty In principle and wasteful In results, while many of their business methods are antiquated and Inefficient. I recommend that the congress, consider Oils subject. Federal Election. In my last annual message I said: "The power of tho government to protect tho integrity of tho elections of its own officials Is Inherent and has been recognized and nflli'ined by re peated declarations of tho supreme court. There Is no enemy of free gov ernment more dangerous and none so Insidious us the corruption of the elect orate. No one defends or excuses cor ruption, nnd It would seem to follow that none would oppose vigorous meas ures to eradicate it. I recommend the enactment of a law directed against bribery nnd corruption lu federal elec tions. The details of such a law may be safely left to the wise discretion of the congress, but it should go as far as under the constitution It Is possible to go nnd should Include severe penalties ngalnst him who gives or receives n bribe Intended to Influence his net or opinion ns an elector nnd provisions for the publication not only of the expend itures for nominations nnd elections of all candidates, but also of all contribu tions received and expenditures made by pwlltleal committees." I desire to repeat this recommendation. All contributions by corporations to any political committee or for any po litical purpose should be forbidden by law, directors should not be permitted to use stockholders' money for such purposes, and, moreover, a prohibition of this kind would be, as far as It went, an effective method of stopping the evils aimed at in corrupt practices acts. The Haane Conference. The first conference of nations held at The Hague In 1S99, being unable to dispose of all tho business before It, recommended the consideration and settlement of a number of important questions by another conference to be called subsequently and at an early date. These questions were the follow ing: (1) The rights and duties of neu trals; (2) the limitation of the armed forces on land and sea and of military budgets; (3) the use of new types aud calibers of military and naval guns; (4) the inviolability of private property at sea in times of war; (T) the bombard ment of ports, cities and villages by na val forces. In October, 1904, at the In stance of the Interparliamentary union, I Issued Invitations to all the powers signatory to The Hague convention to send delegates to such a conference and suggested that it be again held at The Hague. From all the powers acceptance was received, coupled In some cases with the condition that we should wait until the end of the war then waging be tween Russia nud Japan. The emperor of Russia, Immediately after the treaty of peace which so happily terminated this war, In a note presented to the president on Sept. 13 took the Initiative lu recommending that the conference be now called. The United States gov ernment In response expressed Its cor dial acquiescence and stated that it would as a matter of course take part In the new conference and endeavor to further Its alms. We assume that all civilized governments will Biipport the movement and that the conference is now nn assured fact. This government will do everything in Its power to se cure the success of the conference to the end that substantial progress niny be made in the cause of International peace, Justice and good will. Monroe Doctrine. There are certain essential points which must never be forgotten ns re gards the Monroe doctrine. In the first place, we must as a nation make it ev ident that we do not intend to treat it in any shape or way as an excuse for aggrandizement on our part at the ex pense of the republics to the south. But we must make it evident that we do not intend to permit the Monroe doc trine to be used by nny nation on this continent ns a shield to protect it from the consequences of its own misdeeds against foreign nations. The Monroe doctrine does not force us to Interfere to prevent tho punishment of a port save to see that the punishment does not assuino the form of territorial occu pation lu any shape. The case is more difficult when It refers to a contractual obligation. This country would cer tuinly decline to go to war to prevent a foreign government from collecting a Just debt. On the other hand, it Is very inadvisable to permit any foreign power to take possession, even tempo rarily, of the custom houses of an American republic lu order to enforce the payment of its obligations, for such temporary occupation might turn into a permanent occupation. The only es cape from these alternatives may at any tlmo bo that we must ourselves undertake to bring about some arrange ment by which so much as possible of a Just obligation shall be paid. To do so Insures the defaulting re public from having to pay debts of an Improper character under duress, while it also Insures holiest creditors of the republic from being passed by in the Interest of dishonest or grasping cred itors. Moreover, for tho United States to take such a position offers the only possible way of insuring us against a clash with some foreign power. The position Is therefore in tho interest of peace as well us in the Interest of jus tice. Santo Domingo. Santo Domingo has now made an ap peal to us, nud not only every principle of wisdom, but every generous instinct within us, bids us respond to the np penl. The conditions in Santo Domingo have for a number of years grown from bad to worse until n yenr ngo all society was on the vergeif dissolution. Fortunately just at this time a ruler fcprang up in Santo Domingo who, with his colleagues, saw the dangers threat ening their country and appealed to the friendship of the only neighbor who possessed tho power and the will to help them. There was Imminent dan ger of foreign Intervention. Tho pa tlcnco of foreign creditors had become exhausted, nnd nt lenst two foreign na tions were on the point of Intervention and were only prevented by the unoffi cial assurance of this government that It would Itself strive to help Santo Domingo in her hour of need. Accordingly, tho executive depart ment of our government negotiated a treaty under which we are trying to livlp the Dominican people to straight en out their finances. This treaty Is pending before the senate. In the meantime n temporary arrangement has beeu made under which the Domin ican government has appointed Amer icans to all the Important positions in the customs service, and they lire see ing to the honest collection of the rev enues, turning over lo per cent to the government for running expenses and putting the other &." per cent Into a safe depositary for equitable division III ease the treaty shall bo rat I lied among the various creditors, whether F.uropcan or American. Under the course taken stability and order and all the benefits of peace are at last coming to Santo Domingo, dan ger of forebni Intervention has been Biispoudu!. and there Is at last a pros pect that all creditors will get Justice, no more and 110 less. If the nrraugu- -uent Is terminated by the failure of the truity chaos will follow, and sooner or later this government may be In volved lu serious difficulties with for eign governments over the Island or else may be forced Itself to Intervene in the island In some unpleasant fash Ion. Army and Kavy. I do not believe that nny army in the world has a better average of enlisted man or a better type of Junior officer, but the army should be trained to act effectively in n mass. Provision should be made by sufficient appropriations for maneuvers of a practical kind. Provision should be made for the pro motion of exceptionally meritorious men over tho heads of their comrades and for the retirement of all men who have reached a given age without get ting beyond a given rank. There should bo an Increase In the coast artillery force so thnt our const fortifications can be In some degree adequately manned. There is special need for an Increase and reorganization of the medical department of the army. In both the army aud navy there must be tho same thorough training for duty In the staff corps ns In the fighting line.' Tho Importance of tills wns shown con clusively In the Spanlsh-Amerlcnn and the Russo-Japanese wars. The work of the medical departments In the Jap anese army and navy Is especially worthy of study. Our navy must, relatively to the na vies of other nations, always be of greater size than our iirmy. AVe have most wisely continued for a number of years to build up our navy, and it has now reached a fairly high standard of efficiency. This standard must not only bo maintained, but increased. It does not seem to me necessary, how ever, thnt tho navy should, at lenst in the immediate future, be Increased be yond tho present number of units. What is now clearly necessary Is to substitute efficient for Inefficient units as the latter become worn out or as It becomes npporent that they are use less, rrobobly the result would bo att lined by adding a single battleship to our navy eacli year, the superseded or outworn vessels being laid up or broken tip ns they are thus replaced. Xatarallint Ion. On this subject I recommend: First A federal bureau of naturali zation, to be established lu the depart ment of commerce nnd labor, to su pervise the administration of tho natu ralization laws and to receive returns of naturalizations pending and accom plished. Second. Uniformity of naturalization certificates, fees to bo charged, und procedure. Third. More exacting qualifications for citizenship. Fourth. The preliminary declaration of intention to bo abolished and no alien to bo naturalized until at least ninety days after the filing of his peti tion. Fifth. Jurisdiction to naturalize aliens to bo confined to United States district courts and to such state courts as have jurisdiction lu civil actions In which the amount In controversy is un limited; in cities of over 100.000 inhab itants the United States district courts to have exclusive jurisdiction In the naturalization of the alien residents of such cities. Criminal Lam. In my last message I asked the at tention of the congress to the urgent need of action to mnkc our criminal law more effective, and I most ear nestly request that you pay heed to the report of tho attorney general on this subject. There seems to bo no statute of the United States which provides for tho punishment of a UnHed States attor ney or other officer of the government who corruptly agrees to wrongfully do or wrongfully refrain from doing nny act whim the consideration for such corrupt agreement is other than 0110 possessing money value. This ought to bo remedied by appropriate legislation. Legislation should also he enacted to cover explicitly, unequivocally and be yond question breach of trust In tho shape of prematurely divulging official secrets by an officer or employee of tho United States nnd to provide a suitable penalty therefor. . Merchant Marine. To tho spread of our trudo In peace and the defense of our flag In war a great and prosperous merchant marine is Indispensable. We should have ships of our own nud seamen of our own to convey our goods to neutral markets and lu case of need to re-enforce our battle line. It cannot but be n source of regret and uneasiness to us that the lines of communication with our sister republics of South America should be chiefly under foreign control. It Is not a good tiling that American merchants aud manufacturers should have to send their goods uud letters to South Amer ica via Kuropo If they wish security und dispatch. Uveu on the Pacific, where our ships have held their own better than on the Atlantic, our mer chant ting Is now threatened through the liberal aid bestowed by other gov ernments 011 (heir own steain lines. I ask your earnest consideration of the reitort with which the merchant ma rine commission bus followed its long and careful inquiry. It Is n matter of unmixed satisfac tion once more to call nttentlon to the excellent work of the pension bureau, for the veterans of tho civil war have a greater claim upon us than nay other class of our citizens. To them first of all among our people honor Is due. Immigration. As I snld in my last message to tho congress, we cannot have too much Immigration of the right sort, and we should have none whatever of Die wrong sort. The questions arising In connection with Chinese Immigration stand by themselves. Tim conditions lu (.'hlua Ire such that the entire Chinese cooly class that is, the class of Chinese la borers, skilled nud unskilled legiti mately come under the bead of unde sirable Immigrants to this country. But In the effort to carry out the pol icy of excluding Chinese laborers, Chi nese coolies, gruve Injustice and wrong have been done by this nation to the people of China and therefore ultimate ly to this nation Itself. Chinese stu dents, business nnd professional men of all kinds, not only merchants, hut bankers, doctors, manufacturers, pro fessors, travelers and the like, should be encouraged to come here and treat ed on precisely the same footing that we treat students, business men, trav elers nnd the like of other nations. As a people we have tulked much of the open door in China, and we expect and quite rightly Intend to insist upon, Justice being shown us by the Chinese. But we cannot expect to receive equity unless we do equity. The Civil Service. Heads of executive departments and members of the commission have call ed my attention to the fact that the rule requiring a filing of charges and three days' notice before an employee could be separated from the service for inefficiency has served 110 good pur pose whatever. Experience hns shown that the rule Is wholly Ineffective to save any man If n superior for Im proper reasons wishes to remove him and Is mischievous because It some times serves to keep in the service in competent men not guilty of specific wrongdoing. Having these facts lu view, tho rulo lias been amended by providing that where the Inefficiency or Incapacity conies within tho personal knowledge of the head of a department the removal may be made without no tice, the reasons therefor being filed and made a record of tho department. Tho absolute right of removal rests where It always has rested, with the head of a department. The change Is merely one of procedure. It was much needed, and It Is producing good re sults. Our copyright laws need revision. Philippine nnd Other Ialand. During tho last yenr the Philippine Islands have been Blowly recovering from the series of disasters which since American occupation have greatly re duced the amount of agricultural prod ucts below whnt was produced in Span ish times. The agricultural conditions of the is lands enforce more strongly than ever the argument In favor of reducing the tariff on the products of the Philippine Islands entering the United States. I earnestly recommend that tho tariff now Imposed by the Dingley bill upon the products of the Philippine Islands bo entirely removed, except the tariff on sugar und tobacco, and that that tariff bo reduced to 25 per cent of the present rates under the Dingley ftct; that ufter July 1, 1900, the tariff upon tobacco nnd sugar produced In tho Philippine Islands bo entirely removed nnd that free trade between the Islands nnd the United States In the products of each country then be provided for by lnw. In my Judgment, liuinedlato steps should bo taken for tho fortification of Hawaii, This Is the most Important point In the Pacific to fortify In order to conserve the Interests of this coun try. It would be hard to overstate the Importance of this need. Hawaii Is too heavily taxed. Laws should be enact ed setting aside for n period of, say, twenty years 75 per cent of the Internal revenue and customs receipts from Ha waii as n special fund to bo experided in the Islands. I earnestly advocate the ndoptlon of legislation which will explicitly coufer American citizenship on nil citizens of Porto Hlco, I wish also to cull the attention of the congress to 0110 question which af fects our Insular possessions generally namely, the need of nu Increased lib erality In the treatment of tho wholo franchise question in theso Islands. I earnestly ask thnt Alaska be given an elective delegate. Ailmlsnliui tu Statehood. I recommend that Indian Territory nnd Oklahoma be admitted as one state and that New Mexico and Arizona be admitted as one state. Tho I'unniua Canal. Actlvo work lu ciiiihI construction, mulnly preparatory, bus been lu prog ress for less than 11 year and a half. During that pcrhxr two points about the canal have ceased to be open to debate. I'irst, tho question of route; second, the question of feasibility. Tho point which remains unsettled Is wheth er the canal shall be one of severul locks above sen level or ut Hen level witli a single tide lock. On this point I hope to lay before the congress ut an early day the findings of the advisory board of American und European en gineers. In addition to sanitating the isthmus, satisfactory quarters are being provid ed for employees and uu adequate sys tem of supplying them witli wholesome food at reasonable prices has been cre ated. Hospitals have been established and equipped that are without superi ors of their kind anywhere. During the past year a Urge portion of the. plant Willi which ihe work is to be done has been urdorod. It Is confident ly believed that by Die middle of the approaching year a sufficient propor tion of tills plant will have been in stalls! to enable us to resume the work of excavation 011 a large scale. What Is needed now and without de lay Is an appropriation by the congress to meet the current and accruing ex penses of the commission. The first appropriation of $10,000,000 out of tho ij!i:i.ri,(Ki0.lKUi authorized by the Spoouer net was made three years ago. It Is nearly exhausted. Unless the congress shall appropriate before that time all work must cease. In conclusion the president recom mends an Increase lu the diplomatic nnd consular service anil more ad eduato compensation of Its members.
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