RATES OF ADVERTISING: One Square, one inch, one week... f 1 60 One Square, one inch, one month.. 3 00 One Sqaare, one inch, 3 months...- 6 00 One Square, one inch, one year ... 10 00 Two Squares, one year 15 Ot Quarter Column, one year 30 00 Half Column, one year. 60 00 One Column, one year 100 00 Legal advertisements ten cents per line each insertion. We do fino Job Printing of every de scription at reasonable rates, but it's cash on delivery. THE FOREST REPUBLICAN. Published every Wednesday by J. E. WENK. Offioe in Smoarbaugh 4 Weak Building, KI.M STHKKT, TIONKMTA, PA Forest Republican Tcrim, 1.00 A Year, Htrlciljr In Advance. No subscription received for a shorter period tliun tbroe mouths. Correspondence solicited, but no notice will bo tiikeii of anonymous communica tions. Always give your name. VOL. XXXVII. NO. 27. TIONESTA. PA., WEDNESDAY. SEPTEMBER 14. 1904. $1.00 PER ANNUM. BOHOUGH OFFICERS. liurgena.V. R. Lanson. CtUHewten.-lr. J. O. Dunn, G. G. Gaston, J. H. Muse, Wnavor, J. W. Landers, J. T. Dalo.W. V Ivll liner. JuHlice of the rettce-C. A. Kumlall.S. J. Sotley. Constable S. H. Muxwoll. Collectors. J. Sotley. School Director h. I" niton. J. C. Hoowdon, H. Ii. Hash. E. W Howman, T. If. Hitchey, A. O. Hrown. FOREST COUNTY OFFICERS. - J(tn6ero6)ijre.MIiHoi)li O. Sibley. Member of tlcnatel . K. 1'. Hall. A uembly-V. W. Anislnr. Premlent Jmlqe W. M. Lindsay. Aoeai JmUjetW. . Crawford, W. U. II. Dottorer. Drothonotary, Register & Recorder, c. J. C. Geist. Sheriff: Geo. VV. Noblit. Treasurer Fred. A. Keller. CbMiiiner O. Hurhonn, A. K. Shine, Henry Weingiird. District Attorneys. D. Irwin. Jury Commissioners Ernest Sibble, lAtwis Wanner. Cbrotieii Dr. J. W. Morrow. County Auditors W. Stiles, Geo. W. Holeiimn, H. A. McCloskey. County Nurvcyor-U. W. Ularlc. Couiify tfiijertnenfen K. K. Stlt.lu- ger. Kriulrtr Teruia ef Courl. Fourth Monthly of February. Third Monday of May. Fourth Monday of September. Third Monday of November. Church and Nabbnlh Hcheal. Presbytorian Sabbath School at 9:45 a. in : M. E. Sabbath School at 10:00 a. in. i'reaching in M. K. Church every Sab bath evening by Hev. O. II. Nlckle Preaching in the F. M. Church every Sabbath evening at the usual hour. Kev. K. A. Zahnlser, PasUir. Services in the Presbyterian Church every Sabbath morning and evening, The regular inoetitigs of the W. C. T. . U. are held at the headquarters, on the second and fourth Tuesdays of each nn nth. BUSINESS DIRECTORY. i pi' N ES T A LODG K. Xi). 3ti0, 1. 0. 0. F. A Meets every TujjrtPrvening.inuou Fellows Hall, PrTOge building. -1 1 TOKKST LODGE, No. 184. A. O. U. W., Meets every Friday evening in A.O.U. W. Hall, Tionesta. CA PT. G EORG E STOW POST. No. 271 (J. A, R. Meet Island 3d Monday evening lu each month, in A. O. U. W. Hall, Tionesta. CAPT. GEORGE STOW CORPS, No 1H7, W. R. C., niils first and third Wednesday evcjiiiHS'h month, in A O. U. W. hall.Tionusta, Pa. niMVKTI Tk'VT No. llil. IC. O. T. IvS I A I r..i I, ', v. . ,,is, ,! hikI 4ih Wednesday X M., i evening In each month lu A. O. U. W . hall TloneHta, Pa. r. . I.. DITfllPV 1. ATTORNEY-AT-LAW Tionesta CURTIS M. SIIAWKEY, ATTORNEY-AT-LAW. . m Warren, Pa m Pra(!tice in Forest Co. A (THROWN, A ATTORNEY-AT-LAW. Office in Arner Uullding, Cor. Elm and Itrldgo Sts., Tionesta, Pa. J W. MORROW, M. D., aiu..a li.ui.lnii.A ttirnn ilnnrH nortl of llotol Akhow, TionewlH. Proftwiloiml cUh promptly rt)poiiuou u hinu mm.i. U It. F.J. ROVARD. Physician A Surgeon, TIONESTA, PA. nR. J. C.DUNN, imi vsilfl ANT AND SURGEON. and DRUGGlT. Office over stare, i'i.... i ii.ir..uuiuiul i'hIih nromiit- ly responded to at all hours of day or night. Residence Elm St., between Grove's grocery and Gorow's restaurant. D R. J. 15. SIGGINH. I' iv i- mi nnil xiirueon. OIL CITY, PA. II V MeKINLKY. . Hardwaro, Tinning A Plumbing. Tionesta, Pa C J. SICTI.EY, JS mur Mi Ali"l'IIK I'EACl' Keeps a complete lino of Justice a blunka lor sale. Also itiana uueim, im eto. Tionesta, l a. ITIWI'I. WW. 4Vlf.lt w a . WKAVF.R. Proprietor. This hotel, formerly the Lawrence House, has undergone a complete change, and Is now 1'urninhed with all the mod em improvements. Heated and lighted I UK ....lnri.l ml. llllllimOlllB. lurouununi. Hiui linn..... -i - ' hot and cold water, etc. The comlorts of guests never neglected. KNTRAT, HOUSE. GEROW A GEROW Proprietor I'l.niHiila. l'a. This is tlie most cont rally located hotel in the place, and has all the modern improvements. No pains will lm mmi-Mil to make it a pleasant stopiing .lui'D lor tlie travelinc luilillc. First class Livery in connection. pilIL. EMERT FANCY ROOT A SHOEMAKER, vi... i, ii. Wiilt.Mtti Imi 1 .1 inir. Cor. Elm and Walnut Hlreets, Is prepared to do all u ..iiuImiii uiitrW IVntii the linest to the coal sest and guarantees his work to give ported satislaclion. rroinpi bimmi- tion nslvoii to moiuimg, ami prices sonable. JORICNZO FULTON. Manufai'turer of ami Dealer in HARNESS, COLLARS, BRIDLES, And all kinds of HORSE FURNISHING GOODS. TIONESTA. PA. S.H. 0 GENERAL WERCHANTS, Furiiituro Dcnlors, AND UNDERTAKERS. TIONESTA. PEN N ini mm m i mm. Oyster R:iy, X. Y Sept. 12.-Presl- ilent Roosevelt's letter accepting the liepubllciin noniliiiitlon for the presi dency bus been nuide public. It is in part ns folK.ivs: It Is dlillt ult to llnd out from the tit- tcianceH of our opponents wlint lire tlie real Issues upon which they propose to wage this ciiiiipnlgn. It Is not unfair to say t ltd t. having abandoned most of the principles upon which they have In sisted during the last eight years, they now seem at it loss both lis to what It is that they really believe and as to how (Irmly they shall assert their be lief in anything. In fact, It is doubt ful If they venture resolutely to press u single Issue. As soon ns they raise one Ihey shrink from it and seek to explain it away. Tlie party now in control of the gov ernment Is troubled by na such dltll eultles. We do not have to guess at our own convictions und then correct the guess if it seems unpopular. Iho principle)) which we profess are those ill which we believe with heart and soul mid strength. Men may differ from us, but they cannot accuse us of tilcUlness or Insincerity. The policies we have pursued are those which we earnestly hold us essential to the na tional welfare and repute. Our ac tions spofik even louder than our words for the faith that Is In us. Wo base our iippeal upon what we have done and are doing, upon our record of ad ministration and legislation during the last seven years, In which we have had complete control of the government. We Intend in the future to carry ou the government in the same way that we have carried It on lu the past. So well has the work been done that our opponents do not venture to recite tlie facts about our policies or ucts uud then oppose them. They attack them only w hen they have llrst misrepresent ed them, for u truthful recital would leave no room for adverse comment. Panama. Patiama offers an Instauce In point. Our opponents call criticise what we did In Panama only on condition of misstating what was done. The admin istration behaved throughout not only with good faith, but with extraordi nary patience und large generosity to ward those with whom It dealt. It was also mindful of American interests. It noted In strict compliance with the law- passed by congress. Had not Panama been promptly recognized and the transit ucrosH the isthmus kept open In accordance with our treaty rights und obligations there would have en sued endless guerrilla warfare and possibly foreign complications, while all cluiiice of building the canal would have been deferred certainly for years, perhaps for a generation or more. Criticism of the action In tills matter Is simply criticism of the only possible action which could have secured tlie building of the canal as well as the peace and quiet which we were by treaty bound to preserve along the line of transit across the Isthmus. The service rendered this country In secur ing the perpetual right to construct, maintain, operate and defend the canal was so great that our opponents do not venture to raise the Issue in straight forward fashion, for if so raised there would be no Issue. The decisive action which brought about this beiicliccut result was the exercise by the president of the pow ers vested lu him, nnd lu him alone, by the constitulion, the power to recog nize foreign governments by entering into diplomatic relations with them and the power to make treaties which when rut Med by the senate become un der the constitution part of the supreme law of the land. Neither In this uor lu any other matter has there been the slightest failure to live up to the con stitution In letter ami In spirit. Itnt the constitution must be observed pos itively as well as negatively. Tlie pres ident's duty is to serve the country lu accordance with tlie constitution, and I should be derelict In my duty if I used a false construction of the consti tution as a shield for weakness and ti midity or as an excuse for govern mental Impotence. Foreign Policy. Similar misrepresentation Is the one weapon of our opponents In regard to our foreign policy nnd the way the navy has been made useful In carry ing out this policy. Here again all that we ask Is Hint they truthfully fctuto what has been done and then say whether or not they objuct to It, for If continued In power we shall con tinue our foreign policy and our han dling of the navy on exactly the same lines In the future as hi the past. To what phase of our foreign policy and to what use of the navy do our oppo nents object? Ho they object to the way In which the Monroe doctrine has ben strengthened and upheld? Do our opponents object to what was done in reference to the petition of Ameri can citizens against Ihe KIshiitelT massacre, or to the protest against the treatment of the Jews In lioiiinanla, or to the efforts that have been made In behalf of the Armenians in Turkey? No other administration In our his tory, no other government in the world, has more consistently stood for tlie broadest spirit of brotherhood In our common humanity or has held a more resolute attitude of protest against every wrong that outraged the civilization of the age at home or abroad. Do our opponents object to the fact that the international tribunal at Tlie Hague was rescued from Im potence and turned Into a potent In strument for pence mining the nations? Do our opponents object to the set tlement of the Alnsku boundary llnei Do they object to the fact that aflet .freeing Cuba we gave her reciprocal trade advantages with the United States, while at the same time keep ing naval stations lu the island and providing against its sinking Into chaos or being conquered by any foreign power? Do they object to the fact that our flag now tiles over Porto Rico? Do they object to the acquisition of Ha waii? Once they "hauled down" our llag there. We have hoisted It again. Do they intend once more to haul it down? Do they object to the part we played lu China? Do they not know that tlie voice of the United States would now count for nothing lu the far east If we had abandoned the Phil ippines and refused to do what was done lu China? Do they object to the fact that this government secured a peaceful sett lenient of the troubles lu Venezuela two yeurs ago? Do they object to the fact that American warships appeared promptly t the port of Beirut when an effort had been made to assassinate an Amer ican olllclul, ujkI in the port of Tangier when an Anierlcau citizen hud been nhductcd, uud that in each case the wrong complained of was righted and expiated, and that within the lust few days the visit of nn American squad ron to Smyrna was followed by the long delayed concession of their Just rights to those Americans concerned In educational work In Turkey? Do they object to the trade treaty with China, so full of ndvuiitagc for the American people In the future? Do they object to the fact that the ships currying the national llag now have a higher standard than ever before in marksmanship uud in seamanship us Individual units and as component parts of squadrons and fleets? Executive "Encroachments." When our opponents speak of "en croachments" by the executive upon the authority of congress or the Judi ciary, apparently the act they ordina rily have in view is pension order Xo. 78, issued under the authority of exist ing law. This order directed that here after any veteran of the civil war who had reached the age of sixty-two should be presumptively entitled to the pension of $(( u month, given under the dependent pension law to those whose capacity to earn their livelihood by manual labor has been decreased 50 per cent and that by the time the age of seventy was reached the presumption should' be that the physical disability was complete, the nge being treated as an evidential fact In each case. This onler was made in the performance of a duty imposed upon the president by uu act of congress which requires tlie executive to make regulations to gov ern the subordinates of the pension of fice in determining who are entitled to pensions. President Clevelaud hnd al ready exercised this power by a regu lation which declared that seventy-live should be set ns the nge at which total disability should be conclusively pre sumed. Similarly President MeKluley established sixty-live ns the uge at which half disability should be con clusively presumed. The regulation now In question in the exercise of tlie same power supplemented these regu lations made under Presidents Cleve land and McKlnley. It Is easy to test our opponents' sin cerity In this matter. Tlie order in question Is revocable lit the pleasure of the executive. If our opponents come Into power they can revoke this order nnd announce that they will treat the veterans of sixty-two to seventy us presumably In full bodily vigor nnd not entitled to pensions. Will they now authoritatively state that they Li- tend to do this? If so, we accept the Issue. The Currency. So much for what our opponents openlv ir covertly advance In the way of nu attack on the acts of the admin istration. When we come to consider the policies for which they profess to stand we are met with tlie dilllculty always arising when statements of pol icy are so made that they can be Inter preted In different ways. On some of the vital questions that have confront ed the American people in the last decade our opponents take the post tion that silence Is the best possible way to convey their views. They con tend that their lukewarm attitude of partial acquiescence in what others have accomplished entitles them to be made the custodians of the financial honor and commercial interests which they have but recently sought to ruin, lielng unable to agree among them selves ns to whether the gold standard Is a curse or a blessing and ns to whether we ought or ought not to hnvo free nnd unlimited coinage of sliver, they have apparently thought It ex tied lent to avoid any committal on these subjects and Individually each to follow his particular bent. '1 heir near est approach to a majority Judgment seems to be that it Is now Inexpedient to assert their convictions one way or the other and that tlie establishment of the gold standard by the Republic an party should not be disturbed uu less there Is an alteration in tlie rela tive quantity of production of silver nnd gold. We, on the contrary, believe in the gold standard as llxc.l by Ihe usage and verdict of the business world ma in a sound monetary system as matters of principle as matters not of mone tary political expediency, but of per manent organic policy. The record of tlie last seven years proves that the party now In power can lie trusted to take additional action necessary to Im prove and strengthen our monetary system and that our opponents cannot be so trusted. The fundamental fact Is flint in a popular government such as ours no policy is irrevocably settled by law unless the people keep in control of the government men who believe in that policy as n matter of deep rooted conviction. Laws can always be re voked. It Is the spirit mid the purpose of those responsible for their enact ment uud administration which must be fixed and unchangeable. It is Idle to say flint the monetary standard of tho nation Is Irrevocably ilxed so long us the party which at the last election cust upproxlinulely 40 per cent of tlie totul vote refuses to put lu Its plat form any statement that the question. Is settled. A determination to remnln Bllent cannot be accepted ns equivalent to a recantation. As for what our opponents say In reference to capital nnd labor, individ ual or corporate, here again all we need by way of answer Is to point to whut we have uclually done and to say Hint If continued lu power we shall continue to carry out the policy we have been pursuing nnd to execute the laws ns resolutely and fearlessly in the future ns we have executed them In the pnst. The Trutta. The action of the attorney general lu enforcing the ant It rust and Interstate commerce laws nnd the action of the Inst congress In cnlnrglng the scope of tho Interstate commerce inw and In creating the department of commerce nnd labor, with a bureau of corpora tions, have for the first time opened a chance for the national government to deal Intelligently and adequately with the questions: affecting society, wheth er for good or for evil, because of the accumulation of capital in great corpo rations and because of the new rela tions caused thereby. These laws are now being administered with entire ef ficiency, nnd ns In their working need Is shown for amendment or addition to them, whether better to secure the proper publicity or better to guarantee the rights of shippers or In any other direction, this need will be met. It Is now asserted "that the common law ns developed nffords n complete legnl remedy against monopolies." Hut there is no common law of the United States. Its rules can lie enforced only by the state courts and olllcers. Xo federal court or oflicer could take any action whatever under them. It was this fact, coupled with the Inability of the states to control trusts and nionop- slles, which led to the passage of the federal statutes known us tlie Sher man antitrust net nnd the Interstate roimneroe net, nnd It Is only through the exercise of the powers conferred by these nets nnd by the stntutes of tlie last congress supplementing them that the national government acquires any Jurisdiction over the subject. To say flint action ngalnst trusts nnd monopo lies should be limited to the applica tion of the common law Is equivalent to saying Hint the national government should take no action whatever to reg ulate them. ' Undoubtedly the multiplication of trusts and their Increase In power have been largely due to the "failure of olll- oinls chnrged with tlie duty of enforc ing the lnw to take the necessary pro sed lire." Such stricture upon the fail ure of the of'.lclals of the national gov ernment to do their duty In this mat ter Is certainly not wholly undeserved ns far ns tho administration preceding President McKlnley's Is concerned, but it has no application at all to Repub lican administration. It is nlso un doubtedly true that what Is most need ed Is "olilclnls having both tlie dispo sition und the courage to enforce exist ing lnw." This is precisely the need that has been met by the consistent nnd steadily continued action of the department of Justice under the pres ent udmiuistrutloii. Capital and Labor. So far ns the rights of the Individual wage worker and the Individual capi talist are concerned, both ns regurds Due another, as regards the public and ns regards organized capital and la bor, the position of the administration has been so clear thnt there Is no ex cuse for misrepresenting It nnd no ground for opposing It unless misrep resented. Within tlie limits defined by tlie national constitution the national administration has sought to secure to each man the full enjoyment of bis right to live his life and dispose of his property and his labor ns he deems best so long ns he wrongs no one else. It has shown in effective fashion flint In endeavoring to make good this guar nnteo It treats nil men, rich or poor, whatever their creed, their color or their birthplace, ns standing nlike be fore the lnw. Under our form of government the sphere In which the nation ns distin guished from the state can act Is nar rowly circumscribed, but within that sphere all that could be done has been done.' All thinking men ure aware of the restriction upon the power of uc Hon of tho national government In such matters. Relng ourselves mind ful of them, we have been scrupulously careful on the one luiml to lie mod erate In our promises and on tlie other hand to keep these promises lu letter and in spirit. Our opponents have Veen hampered by no such considera tions. They have promised and many of them now promise action which thev could by no possibility take lu the exercise of constitutional power anil Which If attempted would bring busi ness to a standstill. They have used ninl often now use language of wild Invective and appeal to all the baser passions which tend to eclle one set of Americans against their fellow Americans, and yet whenever Ihey have had power Ihey have llltiugly supplemented this extravagance of promise by absolute nullity in per formance. Tho Tariff. When we take up the irreat question of the tariff we are at once confronted by the doubt as to whether our oppo nents do or do not mean what they say. They say that "protection Is robbery" and promise to carry them selves accordingly If they are given power. Yet prominent persons among them assert tbut they do not really mean this and that if they come into nower they will ad pt our policy as regards the tariff, while others seem anxious to prove that it is safe to give them partial power because tlie power would be only partial, and therefore they would not be able to do mischief. The last is certainly a curious pleu to advance on behalf of n party seeking to obtain control of the government. At the outset it is worth while to say a word as to the attempt to iden tify the question of tariff revision or torlff reduction with a solution of tlie trust question. Tills is always a sign of desire to avoid any real effort to deal adequately with the trust ques tion. In speaking on this point ut Minneapolis on April 4, 11MI3, I said: The question of tariff revision, speaking broadly, stands wholly apart from tho question, of dealing with the trusts. Xo change In tariff duties can liuve uny substantial effect in solving the so called trust problem. Certain 1'ient trusts or great corporations are wholly unaffected by the tariff. Al most all the others that are of any Im portance have as a matter of fact num bers of smaller American competitors, and of course a change In the tariff which would work Injury to the large corporation would work not merely Injury but destruction to Its smaller competitors, and equally of course such n change would mean disaster to all the wageworkers connected with either the large or the small corporations." Tho Wilson Tariff Law. There Is little for me to add to this. It Is but ten years since the last at tempt was made by means of lower ing tlie tariff to prevent some people from prospering too much. Tlie at tempt wns entirely successful. The tariff law of that year was among the causes which In that year and for unnie time afterward effectually prevented anybody from prospering too much and labor from prospering at all. The question of what tariff Is best for our people is primarily one of ex pediency, to be determined not on ab stract academic grounds, but lu the light of experience. It Is a matter of business. From time to time schedules must undoubtedly be rearranged and readjusted to meet the shifting needs of the country, but this can with safe ty be done only by those who are com mitted to the cause of the protective system. To uproot and destroy that system would be to insure the prostra tion of business, the closing of facto ries, the Impoverishment of the farmer, the ruin of the capitalist and the star vation of the wageworker. Yet if pro tection Is Indeed "robbery," and If our opponents really believe what they say, then it Is precisely to the destruc tion und uprooting of the tariff, and therefore of our business and Industry, that they are pledged. Reciprocity. Our opponents assert that they be lieve in reciprocity. Their action on the most Important reciprocity treaty recently negotiated, that with Cuba, does not bear out this assertion. More over, there can be no reciprocity unless there Is a substantial tariff. Free trado nnd reciprocity are not compatible. We are on record as favoring arrange ments for reciprocal trade relations with other countries, these arrange ments to be ou an equitable basis of benelit to both the contracting parties. The Republican pnrty stands pledged to every wise and consistent method of increasing Hie foreign commerce of tlie country. Thnt It has kept its pledge Is proved by the fact that, while the do mestic trade of this country exceeds In volume the entire export and import trade of all the nations of the world, the United States has In addition se cured more than an eighth of the ex port trade of the world, standing first among the nations In this respect. It is n matter of regret that the pro tective tariff policy, which during the last forty odd years has become part of the very fiber of ihe country, Is not now accepted us definitely established. These forty odd years have been the most prosperous years this nation has ever seen; more prosperous years than any other nation has ever seen. He yond question this prosperity could not have come if the American people had not possessed the necessary thrift, energy and business Intelligence to turn their vast material resources to account. Put it Is no less true that it Is our economic policy us regards the tariff and finance which has enabled us as a nation to make such good use of the Individual capacities of our citi zens and the natural resource.! of our country. Every class of our people Is benefited by the protective tariff. The farmer lias benefited quite as much as the manufacturer, the mer chant lind the wageworker. The Farmer and the Tariff. The future of American agriculture Is bound up In the future of American manufactures. The two industries have become under the economic policy of our government so closely Interwoven, so mutually Interdependent, that nei ther can hope to maintain Itself at the high water mark of progress without the other. Whatever makes to the ad vantage of one is equally to the advan tage of the other. So It Is us between the capitalist Mid the wageworker. Here and there there may bo an unequal sharing us be tween the two hi Hie heiiflils that have come i,v protect ion, hut bciiclils have come b both, and a reversal hi pulley would mean damage to bolli. and while the damage would be heavy to nil it would lu heaviest and It would fall soonest upon those who are paid in the form of wages each week or each liioulh for that week'.i or tlnit month's work. Conditions chaiige, and the laws must be ino'llied from time to time to fit new exigencies. Hut the genuine tmilwlj lnj; principle of protection as It has been embodied in nil but one of the American tariff laws for the last forty years lias worke I out results s i heiiefuelit, so vvciily and widely spread, so ndvanl emis alike to fann ers and capitalists an 1 worklnmr.eii. ' commerce nnd trade of every kind, ilint the American people. If they show their tisuul practical business sense, will Insist that when these laws are modified they shall be modified with the utmost care nnd conservatism and by-the friends and not the enemies of the protective system. They cannot af ford to trust the modification to those who treat protection and robbery us synonymous terms. In closing whot I have to suy about tlie system of promoting American In dustry let me add a word of cordial ugreenieut with tlie policy of In somo wny Including within its benefits by appropriate legislation the American merchant murine. It is not creditable to us ns a tuition thnt our grent export und Import trade should bo well nigh exclusively lu the bands of foreigners. The Army. It Is difficult to know If our oppo nents ure really sincere In their de mand for the reduction of the army. If Insincere there is no need for com ment, and If sincere, what shall we say in speaking to rational persons of an uppeul to reduce on iirniy of (iO,0(Kj men which is taking cure of the Inter ests of over SO.OOO.OtJOpeopIo? The army Is now relatively smaller than It was in the duys of Washington, when ou the pence establishment there were ii.tKHl soldiers, wlille there were a little less than four millions of population; smaller than It wns In the peaceful days of Jefferson, when there were u.KKJ soldiers to .1,,'Ji 10,(1(10 population. There is now one soldier to every 1.400 people In this country, less than one tenth of 1 per tent. We cannot be asked seriously to urgue as to the amount of possible tyranny contained In these figures. The army is now- used as never before for aiding in the upbuilding of the organized militia of the country. The war department Is engaged In u systematic effort to strengthen and develop the national guard lu Ihe several states, as witness uniting many other instances the great field maneuvers at .Manassas, which have Just closed. If our opponents should come Into power they could not reduce our army below Its present size without greatly impairing its etllcleiicy and abandoning part of the national duty. In short, in this matter If our opponents should come Into power they would either have to treat this particu lar promise of the year V.M as they now treat the promises they made in lSllii and l!(Kl thnt Is, ns possessing no binding force or else they would have to embark ou u policy which would be ludicrous at tlie moment und fraught vlth grave danger to the na tional honor in the future. "Extravagance of the Government." Our oppouents contend that the gov ernment Is now administered extrava gantly and that whereas there was "a surplus of !fso,oi 10,01 io in looo" there is a "deficit of more than $40,000,000" in the year that has Just closed. This deficit is Imaginary and Is ob tained by including in the ordinary cur rent expenses the sum of ."0,000,000 which wns paid for the right of way of the PuuaiiM canal out of tlie ac cumulated surplus lu the treasury. Comparing the current or ordinary ex penditures for the two years there was a surplus of nearly eighty millions for the year IShmi and of only a little more than eight millions for the year that has Just closed. I'.ut this diminution of the annual surplus was brought about designedly by the abolition of the war taxes In the Interval between the two dates. Since the close of the war with Spain there has been no substantial change In the rate of annual expendi tures. As compared with the fiscal year ending lu June, 10O1, for exam ple, the fiscal year that has Just closed showed a relatively small Increase lu expenditure (excluding the canal pay nicnt already referred to), while the year previous showed a relatively small decrease. The prime reason why the expenses of tho government hnvo increased of recent years Is to be found in the fact that the people after mature thought hnvo deemed It wise to have certain new forms of work for the public un derlakeu by the public. Tills necessi tates such expenditures, for instance, us those for rural free delivery or for the Inspection of meats under the de partment of agriculture or for irriga tion. I'.ut these new expenditures ure necessary. Xo one would seriously propose to abandon them. And yet It Is Idle to declaim against tin- increase.! expense of the government unless It Is intended to cut down the very expend itures which cause the Increase. Do our opponents grudge the ?.0,000,000 paid for the Panama canal? Do they Intend to cut down on the pensions to the veterans of the civil war? Do they Intend to put a stop to the irrigation policy or to the permanent census lm rcau or to Immigration Inspection? Do they Intend to abolish rural free dellv cry? Do they Intend to cut down the liavy or the Alaskan telegraph system? Do they Intend to dismantle our coast fortifications? If there is to lie n real and substantial cutting down In ua tional expenditures It must be lu such matters as these. The department of agriculture has done service of Incal culable value to the farmers of this country in many difi'ereiit lines. Do our opponents wish to cut down the money for Hits service? They can do It only bv destroving the usefulness of the service Itself. Tho Philippines. Our opponent-i promise Independence to the Philippine Islands. Here again we are confronted by their Irreconcila ble differences of opinion among them selves, their prove ! inability to create a constructive policy when lu power mid their readiness for the sake of momentary political expediency to abandon the principles upon which they have Insisted us essential. In their platform they declare for Independence without qualification us to time, and Indeed a qualification as to time Is an absurdity, for we have neither right nor power ' to bind our successors, wfdlo If there Is uny principle Involved in the matter It is Just as wrong to deny Independence for a few years as to deny It for an Indefinite periixl. Hut in later and equally olllelal utterance by our opponents the term self govern ment wns substituted for Independ ence, the words used being so chosen that In their natural construction they described precisely the policy now be- iug carried on. Tlie language of the platform Indicated a radical change of policy; the inter utterances indicated a continuance of the present policy. Hut this caused trouble in their own ranks, and lu a still later although less formal utterance the self government promise was recanted, und independence nt some future time wns promised In Its place. They have occupied three en tirely different positions within fifty days. Which Is the promise they really intend to keep? If such ambiguity af fected only the American people It would not so greatly mutter, for the Amerleun people cnu take cure of themselves. Hut the Filipinos are lu no such condition. Confidence is with them a plant of slow growth. They have been taught to trust the word of this government because tills govern ment has promised nothing which It did not perform. If promised Inde pendence they will expect Independ ence not in Hie remote future, for their descendants, but Immediately for them selves. If the promise thus made Is not immediately fulfilled they will regard It as broken und will not again trust to American faith, and it would be indeed a wicked thing to deceive them In such fashion. Moreover, even if the promise were made to take effect only In the distant future, the Filipinos would be thrown Into confusion thereby. In stead of continuing to endeavor to fit themselves for moral und mnterlnl ad vancement In the present they would nbandon nil effort nt progress nnd be gin factional Intrigues. If. on the other hand, our opponents came Into power nnd attempted to car ry out their promises to tlie Filipinos by giving them Independence and withdrawing American control from the Islands, the result would lie a frightful calamity to the Filipinos nnd In Its larger aspect would amount to au International crime. During the hist five years more has been done for the material and moral well being of the Filipinos than ever before since tlie Islands first eunie within the ken of civilized man. We have opened lief ore them u vista of or derly development in their own Inter est nnd not n policy of exploitation. Every effort Is being made to fit the Islanders for self government, and they have already in largo measure re ceived It, while for the first time in their history their personal rights and civil liberties have been guaranteed. They are being educated, they have been given schools, Ihey have been Iven libraries, roads are being built for their use, their health Is being cared for, they have been given courts In which they receive Justice as ab solute us It Is in our power to guaran tee. Their individual rights of life, liberty und the pursuit of happiness are now by act of congress Jealously r.nfeguarded under the American flag, and If the protection of the llag were withdrawn their rights would be lost. and the Islands would be plunged buck under some form of vicious tyranny. Surely we bad belter await the re sults of this experiment for it is u wholly new experiment In Asia be fore we make promises which as u na tion we might be forced to break or which they might Interpret one way and we In another. Tho Fourteenth Amendment. Alarm has been professed lest the Filipinos should not receive all the ben efits guaranteed to our people at home by tlie fourteenth amendment to the constitution. As n matter of fact, the Filipinos hnvo already secured the sub stance of these benefits. This govern ment has been true to the spirit of tho fourteenth amendment lu the Philip pines. Can our opponents deny that hero at home the principles of the four teenth and fifteenth amendments have been In effect nullified? Ill this, as In many other matters, we at home can well profit by the example of those re sponsible for the actual management of affairs lu the Philippines. In our several commonwealths here In the United States we as a people now fnco the complex problem of securing fair treatment to each man regardless of his race or color. We can do so only If we approach tlie problem lu the spirit of courage, common sense and high minded devotion to the right, which has enabled Governor Tuft, Governor Wright and their associates to do so noble a work In giving to the Philip pine people the benefit of the true prin ciples of American liberty. Our appeal Is made to all good citi zens who hold the honor and the Inter est of the mill. in close to their hearts. The great Issues which are at slake and upon which I have touched are more than mere partisan issues, for Ihey Involve much that comes home to the individual pride and Individual well being of our people. Under condi tions as they actually are good Ameri cans should refuse for the sake of the welfare of the nation to change the national policy. We who are responsi ble for Hie administration and legisla tion under which this country during tho last seven years has grown so greatly In well lielng at home and In honorable reptile among the nations of the earth abroad, do not stand Inert ly upon this record, do not use this rec ord as an excuse for failure of effort to meet new conditions. On the con trary, we treat Hie record of what we have done In the past as Incitement to do even better In the future. We be lieve that Ihe procress that we have made may be taken as a measure of the progress we shall continue to make if the people again Intrust the govern ment of the nation to our hands.
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