1. THE FOREST REPUBLICAN Is pabllihed trtry Wedaeaday, kf J. E. WENK. Offlo In Bmaarbanjh A Co.'i Building M ITRUT, TIONMTA, T. Term. . . . tup par yr. RATES Of ADVERTISING. n. ftqaare, n. Inch, on. Insertion .9 IN C. Bqaare, on. Inch, en. month .T. t M One Square, eat Inch, three months, 0 Sqnare, me Inch, n. year 1 M Two Pqnaraa, on year If M Cnarter Colnma, one Tear MM Half Column, on ; MM Ob Colnmn, one rear M M Lafal advertisements tea cent. per Um Met he aertioa. M arrlaget and death notice (rails. All allla for yearly aWf TtlMmMitB eoUected , terlv. Temporary adTtruaement moat k pal 14 ad ranee. Jot work aah an delivery. bOREST PUBLICAN. VOL. XXIV. NO. 6. ' TIONESTA, PA., WEDNESDAY, JUNE 3, 1891. S1.50 TEH ANNUM. eonntiy. Ne netlce will a Ukm w aaoajaout In 1882 thcro were 135 medical col leges in tho United States; in 1891, 148. The Australian CQmmonwculth has a bright future. It has started on tho right lines and, predicts tho Sun Fran cisco Chronicle, will march forward steadily to freedom and grentness. Ono of tho streets of Palermo is unmci after Prosidont Lincoln. This was dono by order of tho Marquis Di Hudini, tho new Premier of Italy, who was Mayor of Palermo at the time ol Lincoln's assassination. Mrs. Alice Freeman Palmer announces trom the platform that there are to-day 40,000 girls in the colleges of America. This gives color, admits tho Boston Transcript, to Dr. Seclyo's declaration that before tho end of tho present cen tury tho American women will be better educated than the men. The inventor of tho Gatling gun dreams of putting an end to wars by making bnttlcs fatal to all who take part in them. Possibly thcro may bo some moro effective way of stopping a fight than killing off tho combatants, suggests tho Sun Francisco Chronicle, hit it has not occurred to any one to publish . it If he thought of it. The Wolf Bounty law of Minnesota in cited certain parties living in that State to raise whelps for their scalps. Evl dence recently brought before the Min ncsota Legislature Committee on Ex penditures provod conclusively that there havo been rcguhr wolf farms in tho northern counties of the State whose oc cupants raised wolves In largo numbers to secure the bounty of If 5 for each tcalp Nearly $25, 000 was paid out last season "Embracery" is a new term in English jurisprudence. The apprehensions of him who is trreatcd upon a charge of it would probably take tho direction of the divorce court. In tho matter, however, he would be in error; the charge is really one of corrupting a jury. It is a very rare offense, yet, from what appears from a recent case, where a gentlcmau got fined $500 for it, very easy to commit. You have only to get a juror into a pub lic house, treat him to a glass of ale and remark that tho prisoner whose conduct is undor his consideration "is a good fel low, though ho may have over-stepped tho mark a little." Tho influence of a jury by flattery or other arts is in a learned counsel only cajolery ; but in a layman it is "embracery" a much more advanced stage of ingrntiation. The statute upon the subject of cruelty to animals, is pretty rigid in Pennsyl vania. It makes it a misdemeanor for any person to "wantonly or cruelly ill treat, overload, beat or otherwise abuse any animal." Recently tbero occurred a pigeon-shooting match by the members of a gun club, aud one of tho members wounded, without at the same time kill ing, a pigeon. When this was discov erod the bird was at once killed. Some humane person thought that tho law had been violated, aud that its penalty should bo invoked, so its machinery was set in motion and a trial was liclj, and the ac cused was found guilty of cruelty. Tho cruelty consisted "iu wounding instead of instantly killing" the pigeon. Tho j'ise was taken to the Supreme Court ot Ntatc, which, observes tho Mail nud Express, happily took tho broader view that birds are "placed hero by tho Al mighty for the uso of man," and that it was an unavoidable incident, to which this statute did not apply. Says tho Hashiugtou Star: "The phenomenal growth of tho American city population is a subject for both wonder and alarm. Its pcrcentago caunot grow without a corresponding decrease in the percentage of rural population. Aud this fact is fraught with economical aud social dangers. Consider what these must be in a very fow decades when we know that the urbau iucreaso has been during the last tea decudes from three jcr cent, of the whole population to slightly less than thirty per cent, in 1880. Aud this is so far as city popula tion proper is concerned, or the popula tion of towns having a poimlation cf eight thousand or more. The rural popu lation in its strictest limitation that is on the farms and in the country stores and workshops or in hamlets of less than two huudred souls would show that the disproportion between tho town aud country a ceutury ago aud now is very much greater than appears from the cen sus enumeration. Is the American rustic disappearing? Are brawn aud muscle only to be aajurred in the pursuit of the manly art or in the enthusiasm of the national game? Aro farmers' movements of the future to be rendered impossible by the disappearance of the farmer? The congestion of population in our great cities, aud the prevadiug misgov erument of these cities combine to raise oue of the most serious problems that now confront American autesweu." LOVE'S SILENCE Of all the words that bear their fart In all the deeds of day to day, , One word Is chiefly in my heart, One little word I must not say. The hills of truth are straight and steep They have a smart in every stone j And climbing them I needs must weep To think that love must die unknown. Night follows day day clmsps night, And brings a lesson strange to teach, That love is li felon in the light. And silence is the fullest speech. Walter H. Fbllock, in Longman's. MR. SPINDLE'S TRIP WEST, BY FItANK J. MARTIN. The gaunt figure of Major Scontpcnny was familiar to the citizens of Middle field. For reasons best known to him self he had a great antipathy to labor cither mental or physical. His external habiliments bothered him littlo so long as, internally, there were no unsatisfied demands. His thoughts were allowed to wander with tho vagrant winds for Major Sccntpcnny was a dreamer. From a lack of practical engagement his mind such as it was contented itself with nil conceived visions of future wealth. Ho wns in tho habit of making periodical visits to several houses, so that when ho was seen approaching Mrs. Proudmnn's homo, early in tho evening of a balmy May day, no attention was paid to tho fact. Tho Major, so it was currently rumored, was entered in tho lists as a wooer of the buxom widow. His usunl tranquility was disturbed by the prospect of a realization of his fond est hopes. Nor was ho alono with the fantasy of wealth, for, at that particular time, a score of worthy citizens of Middlcfield were greatly agitated. The commotion was caused by a blue-eyed man of great suavity, who introduced himself as tho Second Vice-President of tho "Gold Trust Mining Company of Colorado," and who intimated that his shattered health required that ho re cuperate in Middlcfield, and in no other locality. The Second Vice-Prcsident.Mr. Shnrp file, to use his own phrase, had "an easy picking of it," when he exhibited, at tho urgent request of ten prominent citizens, the samples of ore he curried, as ho said, for his own amusement. Somo were bold enough to express a desiro to become stockholders in the company, and had the funds at hand to back their ambi tions. Others made ellorts to realize money on their possessions so as to be let in. Mr. Sharpfilc offered no encouragement at first, but finally, after a great pressure had been brought to bear upon him, com municated with the general office of his company and inquired if there was any stock for sale. Tho answer came that there were a few shares left at $1.10. Mr. Sharptile secretly informed each prospective stake-bolder that ho was the lucky one and could have a few shares on condition that ho would promise never to divulge tho fact. In the midst of his secret sales of stock he never forgo tho fact that Mrs. Proudmau had ton thou sand in the bank, and was not at nil anx ious to invest it. Major Sccntpcnny became greatly at tached to the mining magnate and in formed him that Mrs. Proudroan was be ginning to seriously cousider tho advisa bility of asking tho Gold Trust Miming Company to allow her to becomo a stock holder. Mr. Sharptile readily compre hended the situation, and, as a direct re sult of his schemes, the Major was now on his way to tho widow's homo to'pre vail upon her as a friend, to invest her money in the company. Mrs. Proudmau and her daughter, Eliza, had finished their household duties for the day and were knitting when tho Major applied tho polished brass knocker to tho front door. Ho found a comfortable chair, an amiable widow and her sprightly daughter await ing him. No sooner were the formali ties at an end and he was ready to speak upon the subject uearest his heart when tho knocker announced tha arrival of another caller, who proved to bo Adam Spindle, a pedngoguo and rival of tho Major for the baud of Mrs. Proudmau. Men in love, like generals in war, adopt scemiugly curious plans of action. The Major and Mr. Spindle had their ideas as to how to win tho widow. The former believed in concentrated effort, the latter in confusing advances and re treats. After a tew comments on ordiuary topics, the Major louud himself alone with the widow, Mr. Spindlo and Eliza having gone to take a stroll iu the moon light. The Major approached the sub- I jeet cautiously. He recounted the nu merous instances where bunks had failed, suggested that bud crops were frequent visitors, enlarged upou tho necessity of making Eliza, tho sweet child, a ludy independent in every respect and worked himself up to tho highest pitch wheu ho expressed the hopu that the declining years of his dear friend, Mrs. Proudmau, would be blessed with elegance and ease. Then ho brought on "The Gold Trust Co." in regal style. The Colorado press, including tho Mountain Skipper, Slipjiery Pass Signal aud All-around Punches, had published columns about the miues and their enormous outputs. The company was worth millions aud, of course, stock was scarce. He was au intimate friend of Mr. Sharptile and that gentleman would, ir Mrs. l'roudinan wished to pro cure it, so mauago aifairs that a four thousand block would be ut her option in the course of six weeks, but not before. Of course he was interested in her welfare as a friend, nothing more. Mrs. Proudmun had ambitious and list ened attentively to all he said. His sin cerity could not be doubted, and the in vestment, to all apearances, seemed to be a safe oue. In truth, let it be stated that the Major was fully convinced ot the absolute truth of all he uttered. Mrs. Proudinan, after thanking him for bis efforts in her behalf, said that she would take the. mutter uuder cousicuru tion uud, in all probability, would en deavor to secure the stock at the, pi ra tion o the six weeks, This information so elated tho Major that ho could scarcely contain himself for joy, and uttering a fow unintelligible words mndo his departure Ho already fancied himself the husband of Mrs. Proudman, rolling in riches, four meals per day, and a spanking team of road sters to engage his leisure moments. Shortly after ho loft tho widow's home, Mr. Spindlo and Eliza returned from their stroll. Eliza scampered away to her room and Mr. Spindlo had the field to himself. Mrs. Proudman had great faith in him and took him into her confidence. Mr. Spindle was, to say tho least, con servative and held mining companies in much the same light as ho did Satan ; but ho listened attentively. "Mrs. Proudman," said hcafter along pause, during which he was working out a distance table in his mind, "I would advise you to go slow in the matter. Our friend, tho Major, is visionary. I am going away in tho morning, and will be nbsent at leait five weeks. Do not pur chase any stock in the Gold Trust Min ing Company until you havo heard from me." "Where are you goiug?" inquired Mrs. Proudman anxiously. "Do not press mo now for an answer; simply await advice from mo." Mrs. Proudman agreed to this and early the next morning Mr. Spindle ap peared at the railway station, and tak ing the ticket agent, an old friend, into hjs confidence, purchased a ticket to (not even the agent could tell) and was miles from Middlcfield before tho gallant Major Sccntpenny was astir. t Tho Gold Trust Mining Company's plant was located not many miles from Silvcrton, Col., away up a mountain above tho timber line. A half dozen men, under tho direction of the Superin tendent, Mr. Poss, wcro engaged in dig ging into the mountain side. Vague ru mors of rich finds in this mine were cir culating in neighboring camps, and tho statements of tho men working the mine, as well as the elaborate articles that appeared from time to time in the mining journals created a great interest. Bright and early one morning Mr. Poss noticed a man climbing the mount ain. The stranger stopped when half way up, and seating himself on a bowl der, lighted a cigar and began to read a book that he carried under bis arm. Mr. Poss paid no heed to this until the fol lowing morning, when the stranger ap peared at about the same time and re peated tho ceremony. Morning after moruiug this individual climbed the mountain, each succeeding twenty-four hours finding him nearer the mine, until nt last he found himself within a short distance of where Mr. Poss and his men wero working. The "visitor," as tho men termed him, had a bad cough and evidently re alized that his days were numbered. He excused himself for intruding and passed fragrant cigars around among the men, which act mado him a welcome guest at tho cnbin where ho took lunch with the miners. One morning Mr. Poss ventured into a conversation with him, nod learned that he was an invalid who had been ordered to spend tho season among the mountains of Colorado. He was wealthy,, disinter ested in mining, and claimed the State of Maine as his homo. Mr. Poss took kiudly to him and gave him a complete history of tho "Gold Trust Company," as au agumcnt thnt any man with a small capital, some pluck aud hardened con science, could grow rich rapidly in the mining business. In substance tho history wns this; Tho company had been organized by ono Mr. Sharptile and himself. Mr. Sharpfilo was in the East selling stock on the strength of a lot of fine samples from the big mines of the State. Ho, Mr. Poss, worked the other end the mines. They had located several mines, but wero working ono only. The ore was poor, but they had the mine "salted" incase any inves tors desird to inspect it. In the event of such an occurrence, rich ore would be found at every turn. Mr. Sharpfilo was meeting with great success in dis posing of his artisticallly designed stock certificates, and both would retire from the compauy in the courso of u few weeks. The stranger took a fit-of coughing and excused himself for the balance of tho day. He was missed on the following morning, and wheu a week elapsed and he did not appear, Mr. Poss concluded that the cough had finished him. The following copies of telegrams re ceived and answered by Mrs. Proudman aud clipped from the Middlcfield Banner, cover subsequent eveuts quite fully: Bilvkrtov, June 21, 18. To Mrs. Proudmnu, Middlefield, Vt. : I have just obtained au admission from KharptileS iartuer that the Gold Trust Com auy is a wildcat scheme. I have been to see the mine and it is humbug. 1 will not re turn to Middlelluld unless my presence there is required. bi'i.NDLK. MinnLEKiKLD, Juue 22, 18 . To Mr. Spindle, Bilvertm, Col.. Come at once. No mining stock for me. Your presence is desired . Mrs. Proi'dman. Sn.vcKTO. June 33, 18. To Mrs. Proudinan, Middletleld, Vt.: What disixuitiou, if any, has been mad J of our mutual friend, Major Sceutpennyr beiNDLK. Middlkkielo, June 24, 18. Mr. Spindle, Silvertou, Col. : The Major's name has been entered in the black book directly under that of Mr. Sharp tile. Come. Mas. 1'koidkan. Extract from the "Society Review" in the Middlefield Banner of August 24, 18: "Cards of invitation are out for the wed ding of Mr. Adam Hpiuclle aud Mrs. Burtha : 1 rouilmau, botli well-known soeiel y leatters in this town. The bappy couple will take ui their resident at 'Knotty Knot,' the old home of the bride." In an obscure corner of the same issue appeared the following: Siuvkrtom, C-ol., August 23 (Special). The U.ild Trust Mining Company suspended operations to-day. Investigation proves thnt ir. was a big swindle. Me&bi. IShiu plile and 1'obs, the prox-tors of the seheuie have tiei the country. Warrants are out tor their arret L. "-. -Detroit Free J'reae, Some Strnngo Fires. On tho night of March 21, 1676,abnvt thrco hours nfter sunset, a monster bright light arose out of tho Adriatic Sea and passed from cast northeast to tho west of southwest, crossing over Italy in a vertical lino about half-way between Kimini and Leghorn. Various estimates as to the height and size of tho body were made. Ono scientist, with amusing exactness, declares that it was thirty-eight miles high at Calmers. At all places near its courso a hissing noiso like that of a sky-rocket was plainly heard. At Leghorn the sound is said to havo been "like that of a large cannon quickly dying away until it sounded much like a cart running over cobble stones." Estimates of its size seem to have been as wild as those respecting its height. Some accounts say it was as "large as a house;" Le Cat says that "it was a good half mile in circumference." Bohn, who hns written a very readable account of "tho great meteor or strange fire of March 21, MDCLXXVI.," esti mates that it was "about one-half milo by the smaller diameter," which would surely make it a terrifying object to bo hold. On Thursday, March 19, 1719, thcro appeared at London, about eighth o'clock at night, a "sudden great light moving after the manner but more slow ly than a falling star. It started from a point below Orion's Belt, then lying in the southwest, and went upwards in -stead of downwards like a falling star. Its size, according to the testimony of numerous observers in Spain, France, Ireland, Holland and some parts of Ger many, as well as those who saw it in London and all over England, was about that of the full moon. It was of whit ish color with an eye in the centre as blue as the most azure portion of a June sky after a thunder-storm. It went straight upwards iu it course until out of sight, leaving a track of fiery red sparks in its wake. A fire of a strange nature appeared in Wales in 1693. According to the most intelligible account concerning it now in existence, it came up from the sea near Harlech. At several places near that place and nil over Merionethshire it did much damage, burning hay, houses, barns, etc. A person writing of it said : "The grass over which it moves kills nil manner of cattle that feed upon it. But what is most remarkable is that any great noise, such as tho beating of a drum or sounding a horn, effectually re pels it from any house." St. Louis He public. Barnnm'g "Brick Man." As an illustration of ono of Barnum's ingenious methods of attracting atten tion to his museum may be mentioned tho incident of tho "brick man." Ono day a man applied for alms to Barnum, who was sitting In the ticket office. To tho inquiry as to why he did not go to work, the mendicant replied that ho would gladly do so at a dollar a day, if ho could find employment. Barnum gave him twenty-five cents to get his break fast, and told him to return and ho would give him a dollar and a half a day ami easy work. When the man re turned, Barnum gave him five bricks, and told him to place one in front of the museum, another on tho corner of Vesey street, a third at the corner of Fulton on tho St. Paul's Church side and the foutth on the east corner of Fulton. Ite turuing then to the museum, he was to take up the first brick and replaco it with the fifth, and then continue his rounds, putting down ono brick and taking up the other each time. He was enjoined to answer no questions, and to seem not to hear, and that nt tho eud of each three-quarters of an hour he was to pass into the museum, look around at curiosities tor fifteen minutes, and then resume his rounds with tho brick. Bar num says that the mau played his part to perfection, aud his eccentric conduct caused a great crowd to gather about the museum. Many of these, of course, went into the museum to seek some ex planation as to the purpose of tho "brick man." This was kept up for several days, until tho police requested his withdrawal, because such crowds lingered about the museum that traffic was interrupted. Harper's Weekly. Smokeless Powder is Powerful. The Wcttereu smokeless powder from Belgium has just been tested nt tha Springfield (Muss.) armory. Preliminary tests showed a velocity of nearly 1900 feet, with an initial pressure of 47,000 pounds, the charge, according to tho ca pacity of the new rille, being but thirty six grains. The shell now in use in tho United States array rifles permits of a charge of fifty-five grains of ordinary powder. Its highest velocity is 1400 feet, with a pressure of but 35,000 pounds. The increaso of velocity ob tuiued liy the Wctteren powder largely in creases the danger space. Tho hardened lead and copper covering of the new ball also incrcaes its penetration, the shot being effective at a distance of two aud one half miles. Tests with tho magazine guns will take place early uext mouth. Bui ton Transcript. A Home Mado Weather flass. Two articles only are required to con struct this simple weather prophet. First a clean oil fiusk (such as olive oil comes iu), and secondly a wide-mouthed fruit jar. Fill the jar to within two or threo inches of the brim with soft water. Place the neck of the oil Mask within the fruit jar. Iu fair weather the water in tho neck of the flask will remain about half an inch above the bowl, but in stormy weather tho water will riso grad ually in the neck, aud raiu or snow may then be looked for. If the atmosphere be very heavy it will rise at times to the height of two or three inches in a few hours. The water ueeds no changing, nor does it matter if the weather glass be Kept out of doors or iu, save that iu lieeziug weather, of course, the glass would break. Uttroit b'ree i'rea. Coachmen for Berlin doctois urg to vtAr white huh- SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL. ! Electric welding is spreading. Gas can bo changed into liquid form. Pails and tubs saturated with glyecrino will not shrink. Galveston, Texas, has twenty miles of electrical railway. The street cars of Springfield, 111., aro supplied with electric heaters. Copper tubes now manufactured by means of electrical deposition. Since 1880 over 700 applications for patents for electrical accumulators have been made in England alone. A good water-proof cement can be made, it is said, from equal parts of red and white lead worked into stiff pasto with boiling linseed oil. The creosoted wood floors of a build ing recently burned in Now York wero the only portion of the structure not de strojed. They were ouly charred. To obviate the waste of steam in steam hammers an improvement has been intro duced in fitting the hammers with two pistons of different diameters, compound ing them in fact. Mica, which stands uniquo among minerals as an insulating substance, is destined to bocome ono of Connecticut's leading products. Three new mines have recently been discoverd in that State. A new embroidery machine for use in in making linen handkerchiefs can turn out finer work than any work dono by hand. The north of Ireland must adopt the new methods if it wishes to retain its present leadership. A late innovation is an electric railway express service established in a Western town, by moans of which, for a small charge, all the packages bound out ward for the suburbs nro gathered up at tho depot and then delivered along the route. The production of electrically welded stee! chains will soon become ar. impor tant industij in this country. Tho steel chain will bo one-third lighter than tho present iron chain, with as- great a ten silo strength, and can be produced. at considerable less cost. At tho coming Frankfort electrical ex hibition a large balloon will be sent up. Tho power sending up and maintaining it will bo electricity, which will bo ob tained from a large dynamo on the ground. A telephone will connect tho passengers with those on terra firma. Cream of tartar is the tartaric acid of grapes, and may be used in water with sugar ns a substitute for grape juice. It is the substitution ol mineral acid for those of fruits nnd vegetables that is so injurious to health; for instance, sul phcric acid iu vinegar for the natural fruit acid. The North German Lloyd Steamship Company's managers havo concluded to Stick to the sinrrln screw for nil thnir nnw stcamshlns. hclievimr that a sinodn nro. pcller whirled by a mighty triple expan sion engine is moro effective than twin screws operated by two engiqes whose combined power does not exceed that of the single-screw ship. A saw has been designed for cutting iron, mild steel or other metals of fairly large sections. The inventor of this ap pliance claims that it is a cold iron saw ut once simple, powerful and effective. It is always in readiness for work, and can bo manipulated by inexperienced work men. Tho machine is stated to bo capable of making 400 cuts through bars of Bessemer steel four inches in diameter, each cutting occupying six minutes on an nvcrage, without changing the saw. Hats and Heads. It has been noticed by Henry Heath, who sends hats all over the world from Calcutta to Peru, that different nationali ties possess heads of distinctive sizes and shapes. For instance, Germans have very iound heads, a peculiarity shared by our own royal family. The averago English head is what hatters call a good shape that is, rather long. Tho Scotch, one is not surprised to learn, aro very long-headed. Canadians are distinguished by exceptionally largo 'heads, South Americans by very smuil oues. Austral ians, again, havo rather small heads. The subject is an interesting oue aud worth pursuing further if space allowed. The heads of individuals also vary a good deal from time to time, shriuking during illness or mental worry, and generally becoming smaller with advancing years. As to shape, there is mch a thing as fashion, but it only affects mashers ; men stick to much tho samo shape year after year J'all Mall Guiette. -.pre- Swlininlny to Church. A g'ul named Nyangaudi, who lived near the Ogowe Itiver, West Africa, oue Saturday came in her canoe with two buuehes of plantains to sell to the mis sionary. When she was goiug away Mrs. Batchelor, the missionary's wife, suid to her: "Now, you must not forget that to-morrow will be the Sabbuth day, and you havo ahead v promised to come every timo." "Yes," said the girl, "I will surely come if I am alive." Aud so the diil, but no oue knew how she got there, until, at the close of the service, she told I the girls tuat in the uight her cauoe had been stolen, and none of her friends would lend her one; but she had prom ised to come to church, uud so she felt she must. She swain all the way. The current was swift, tho water deep, and the river fully a third of a mile wide; but by swiinmiug diagonally she suc ceeded in crossing the river. -Vi York Obttrctr. Russia's Kohl-Kiippe. Kohl-suppe to the Russians is what the pot-au-feu is to the French. A large cab bage is cut into quarters and put iu a atewpun, with a pound each of fish (usually sturgeon), beef and mutton, an ounce of salt, anil is covered with cold water. This is allowed to cook for about four or live hours until the meut und fKh can bo shredded, when it is skimmed, Masoned with salt aud pepper, and sent to table, iu a duup tureen. A'em York Journal, ROADS IN THE COUNTRY. DEFECTS rW THE METHODS OS" MAKING AND REPAIRING THEM. Cheap and Practical Measure for Their Improvement Timely Uinta on an Important Matter. The greatest leading defects in the present mode of making and "repairing' the country roads, is tho misapplication of labor. Sods and muck are often heaped from each side of tho track, form ing a broad ridge or "turnpike," on which vehicles are expected to travel. When long rains occur this ndgo is con verted into a bed of mud, and the higher the ridge has been made the more copious the mud, and the deeper the ruts are cut by the passing wheels. The roads are thus made worse by the work expended on them. We offer the following suggestions for improvement, intended to effect im portant results, without resorting to the great taxes from which most of the tax payers will shrink, and which may bo effected with a comparatively modest outlay : (1.) Monthly removal of all loose stones in the road. (2.) Bi-monthly removal of all fixed stones. (3.) Making the roadway only of the hardest materials at hand. (4.) Placing a tile-drain lengthwiso with and in the centre of the rond. (5.) Requiring all new roads, and all repairs in old ones, raked or harrowed perfectly smooth. A few comments on these measures. The loose stones (greatly varying), if removed five times a year, will be kept clear from tho track at an average cost of a dollar for ten rods, more in some localities and loss in others. The fixed stones may re quire twice as much; but iu any case tho expense will save many times tho amount in battered and fractured wagons, chafed horses and fntigued riders. For secur ing a hard aud smooth track, remove or scrape the soft, rich top-soil and turf to the adjacent fields, where it will make excellent potato land, and uso tho com pact subsoil. This will not cost over a dollar ortwo a rod, and will make a per manent hard track. A tile-drain would not cost a dollar a rod find would carry off much of the water wlii;h raukes muddy roads if properly placed iu-the track. This drain may be three feel deep and filled a foot with coarse grave or broken stone on the tilo, then finer gravel, and cither fine gravel or porous earth to tho surface. The entire work of removing tho stones monthly, securing hard earth, and laying tile drains, need not cost over three dollars a rod, or a thousand dollars a mile. And under a faithful and skill ful charge, nearly all could be pfflormed witn the present expenditure. There is no doubt that the benefits to all who uso the roads would exceed in various ways all tho cost. Tho great deficiency at tho present time is the common wunt of knowledge nud appreciation of good roads and how to obtain them. Lund owners drive over the country, giving little attention to tho great difference between the two kinds nud to the mean? which could be em ployed for obtniuing the very best. Even in those exceptional instances where tho natural soil is a porous gravel, which couhl tucrjiore be made easily into a per fect carriage track, the surface is often left rough, or stony, or cut iuto ruts, or spoiled with sods und muck thought lessly thrown upon it. Every town should have an object lesson, visible to all, where a fiue specimen could always be seen, representing a perfect roud and the way iu which it could be secured Such a lesson, it is to bo honed, would educate the rising portion of the com munity iuto just ideas on the subject Country UeiitUmm. A Miniature Uil Farm. In their spare hours during the past year Dr. C. J. Reynolds uud Peter Gruber, of Oil Citv, huvo been at work upou a unique exhibit on which they aro now putting the finishing touches and which they will duplicate lor the World'i Fair. It is u miniature oil larm, com plele iu all tiie details on the scale of an inch to every rive feet. The farm shows oue of the typical hillside leases to be seen along Oil Creek near Oil City. It is about six by twelve feet in dimensions. Around it is a railroad which has thirty feet of track two inches wide, upou w hich uu oil train makes a circuit every two nnuutes. this tram is made up of tank cars, cars loaded with oil barrels and the tub cars iu which the crude oil is shipped. The train stops at a station, out of which the ugeut comes automati cally. On the farm are seen four pumping wells, cue drilling well, oi'e gas well aud oue derrick iu process of erection. Beside a gully, iu which is a little stream of water Iroiu a spriug near the top of a hill is an exact counterpart of the der rick and cngiue-liouse ot the Colonel Drake well, which can be readily recog nized. Of the pumping wells one is pumped direct and the others ure con nected by the suction rods aud attach ments now iu use. They are all pumped together. The derricks are fourteen inches high. On am) around tho unfin ished one rig builders arc seen at work. The drilling well is situated near the eii trance to a tunnel and the bank is cut iu so as to show the operation of the tools. It is designed that the part thus cut uway shall be so colored us to show the earth, sand aud rock formations encountered iu drilling a well along Oil Creek. A pump sMtinn, with u pipe line ex tending toa tank ou tup of the hill, from which another line extends to a loading rack beside the truck-,, is slum u iu opera tion. The residence of the "owner" (an be seen upou the hill, around it numerous evidviicek of prosperity brought about by the striking ot oil. Twenty automatic figures uie di.-pluyed. The oil Uicd comes from l nealh the lunu, as does the motive powcr.which is supplied by electricity. The lepniditctiou is ac curate and complete, and fmius a unique uud clever piece of work, SO NO. There's a nest in the orchard frrasww. And the sweet south wind, as he passes, Whispers soft and low, Blow, win!, blow I Sumtnor will fly and birds will go; There's a song amid the orchard trees, That is heard o'er the hum of the murmur ing bees. i . i And the soft south wind as ho parses Scarce moves tha tops of the waving grass, Sing, fledglings, sing I ' I Summer will fly and birds take wing. v Jennie Jarm'e, in Youth' ComjtanidnJ 1ICJI0R OF THE HAT. Ideas loaded with words are slow go off. Washington Star. ! Wise medical men do not treat somnam bulism as a pillow case. Boston Courier. A juil-bird has no wings at all, but he gets there just the same. Drake's Maga tine. Luck is a good thing to depend upon if you have no desiro to succeed. Som erville Journal. Why is a defeated candidato liko tha earth? Because ho is flattened at tho polls. Texat Sifting. Judge "Single or married? (Prison cr sighs deeply.) Oh, yes, I sec. Mar ried." Flugcnde Blactter. Emin Pasha has sent word from Zanzi bar that he is about to go to I'jiji, a placo famous for its jays. Philadeljihia Ledger. It is a curious fact that when ono is seized with a consuming passion one's appetite fails miserably. St. Joseph Newt. Bismarck has had a birthday and the Emperor congratulated him by telegraph on being alive. New Orleans J'icayune. There is ono business industry that has some snap to it even in bad times the whip manufacture. Lneell Courier. If slander did not hurt its victims thero would bo no particular pleasure in. it for tho slanderer. Ncic Orleans Picay une. Two Milwaukee dentists have dis9olvod after a partnership of twenty-three years. They could not pull together any longer. Statesman. First Farmer "I suppose you heard about the cyclouo over here?" Second Farmer "Yes, wo got wind of it." Washington Pott. Reporter "What shall I head this ' bftrgftin-counter story?" Editor "Call it 'An Hour in Woman's Paradi3e.' " Ncut York liecor2et. The mac who "feclslitd?l?elf to bo dif ferent from other men" shoultTn'Mlway brag about it. Dime-museum freaks Sit in the samo fix. Puck. If you havo anythiug to give, give it to the "hail fellow, well met." If you havo anything to lend, lend it to some body else. Dallas News. ' " He's so afraid he won't offend So long as he confines Himself to censure, he'll pretend To read between the lines. Judge.' Mistress "What would you do, Bridget, if you cculd play the piano as well as I caul" Bridget "Sure, I'd go on lenruin' until I could play it dacently." Munsey's Weekly. ' "Why, Janet! What iu the world is tho matter with Fido?" "He's got a severe cold, dear. I think I must have left his muzzlo off too suddenly, you know." London Judy. "Do you mean by this," said he, "that you wish me to cease calling here?" "Not at all," said she. "Pupa uud mamma will always bo glad to see you.'" llarjier'i Bazar. Babios aro so slow in learning to talk because they have to devote so much of their timo nnd energy in trying to un derstand whut in the world it is their mothers say. SonunilU Journal. Sou Jack, when young and wild of whim, 1 could not put a check ou him; Now, ulder grown, ho is more moek, Aud begs me for a cheque a week, Judge. "Your brother, tho dentist, is very slow aud torturiug at pulling out teeth." "I know ho is, but you seo he's rich and ouly follows tho business for the pleasure it gives him." t'liegende BlaeU ter. "I'd liko to know why you hired a young woman for a type-wiiterf" de manded Mrs. Hilow of her husband. "So I could have somo ono to dictate to," replied the unhappy man. Chicago Nt ire. There is no person in tho world so self-conscious us the man who has just had his moustacho shaved off, unless it bo the woman who found out that her dress doesn't haug even. Bodjit 1'ran-ii-rit. "Which one of us do you think tho handsomer!" u.ked ono of the two pretty girls. "It is impossible for me to com pare you," said tho diplomatic young muu. "You are both incomparable." Indianapolis Journal. "Mamma," said a precocious young, ster at the tea table tho other evening, after a long uud ycuruiiig ga.e toward it plate of doughnuts, "M ur.mu, 1 think 1 could stun 1 another on.) of those friuel holes." Drnie's Magaziif. Mrs. du Ividd "If you want a niiuio v at once graceful, aristocratic nnd uniquo lor your baby, why ilou t you have it copyrighted I Authors arc entitle. 1 Ion full rigut ou the titles of th.-ir ul works. Muniy't Wnkly. In Court: "Have you anything to say in your defence, prion.'r :" ".Nutliing, your Honor, except that I made a mis take iu the uuuilier of the house. I did not ut all intend to lire iU into tint . house." t'lie h nde I II. utter. "I hear that Mrs. Barlow is dis:)ut!u her late husband's will." "Why, T thought he left everything to her." t-s he did, but she never let tho oil in in have his owa way. It's u matter of principle with her." .Vie York Sun. All iu the Ka-nily: "You can't do anv business with me," sai l tli.i new settler to the villag.1 doctor. "I iuu-ud to I j my jwn doctor." Tnat'.s nil right." re- turned the phv.ician. !., t nn- lnd,,. duco you to my brother, the uudertak. tjr." New York IUeuiLr.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers