4
r
i
I
The Somerset H erald
rerms of Publication.
' Published every Wednir nis "
Mil invariably be chanced.
o subscrlptloa 1U be discontinued antil a
yrra...r.p- rouae
, noa(y .. when sui-cr-her. do take t
-pUOB.
ubaber. removing frwnont ostoSc U a-
. -- A iI.'mh
Ir!l M the present
The Somerset Herald,
Somerset, Ta.
I-
J.
J.MIIX.EIU r,,.nT
ATrOKXEr-ATXAW.
17 RED. W. F.I EM -.t Jv u, .
f . nn-sulr, lnOook a Beanli' Block.
t ..t.i- i tirT'T.T,
Somerset Pa.
0HXRTT, Tfiw
' Somerset, Pa.
17 J. kooslk. w
P ATTORNEY-AT LAW,
1.
S ENDS LEY.
ATTOKNET-AT-UAW,
Somerset, P -
S.u'
TRENT.
ATTORN EY- A T-LAW ,
Scuiureet, Fenn a.
.-
Inn t Cf'I'T T.
f V ' '-iTTOKNEY-AT-tAW.
Somerset, Pa.
!H.L
BAER,
ATTORNEY -AT-LAW,
i Will r-ratlce In S..niersetn.l adjotninKCountlei
f A!r." .eB;ru,llto him will l prompt
I A. H. OJlFROTlL
W. II Bl I'Pl'-L-
FwFROTII RITPEL.
ATTl'KNEYS-ATL.AW.
! All business entrusted to their care will ta
5 IMamtnjth Block.
I iT wlweX c C0LB0RS'
I r0LB0RX A' WTXORN
j ATTDENEYS-ATLAW.
i Atl .aftiw intrusted to our care will be prompt-
j w t tveTan.0. renabl. Urn.
TILLIAM H. KOONTZ.
SonierKt, Fa.,
Will rive ,m.ir-t attention to bnflnew
e-1 to hll pare tn damn and adjoining eountie.
Othr In Pnnttng Huuoe Kow
DFNNIS MEYERS,
ATTOKNEY-AT-LAW
Somert, Pcnn
AH lenl hofinee cntme.l to Mf rare wlU be
,V..n,v5towitlii'rou.p'nefiandtilleHty.
!cr fc Co.'l"re.
nr
TtvK t n nn.
.1 ' ATTOKNEY-ATLAW,
V Somerset. Pa.
tUe.l.'TemlnU1 and allleral tlne
attended to with i,nmi.u.6e and ndelltj.
I'. ATTOKS EY-AT-IAW,
mxy3
S.raerfet, Pa.
31
Aliuiuiu. I
.TTL'VtV.T.I.W.
S'.uierset, Pa.
timce, up-stalrf in Mammoth B'wa.
JOHN 0. KIMMEL.
Al TOKN EY-AT-LA. W ,
Soinerjet, Pa.
Will attend to all t.nsinew ectrufted to hU ear
Ins Ind adjoining onntie. M lmpt
4 neM and fidelity. ifflee on Main Crow itrcet.
I II
ENRY F. SCHELL.
tATTOENEl-Al-i".
nr,r,r,t and Pennon Aircnt, Somerset, Pa.
Ottice in Mammotn lilaok.
"rALENTINE HAY.
ATTOENEY-ATEUW
And 1WH in Real Estate. Somer t. P H1
attriKl to all hoPltiew entrunted to li care wun
jiromptneM and ndety .
TOHNnTUHTT
.1 ATTORNEY -AT LAW
'' Someraet, Pa,
WlirpTomptly tend to all bf',,n',,l.
to r.lm. Money advanced on collect luns, Ae. Ut
tire in Mammoth liulldlnic.
J.
G.OGLE,
ATTORN EY-AT LAW,
Somerset Pa.,
Prolenslonal bortneM entrorted to my care at
tended U with promptoeM and ndeuty.
DR. J. M. LOUTH ER,
( Formerly of Stoyestown.)
FHi nriJX AKD SVRCEOK,
Han locatfd trtnanentty In S'"- j
( entral Hotel, in rear of DnK Store. TOmjSI.
Yyi. E. W. B LOUGH,
HOMEOPATHIC riiYSlCAS ASD SIRGEOS
Tenderi" hl aerrlwF to the people of Son-.erwt
and vicinity. in t.wn or country promptly
attended to. fan 1 found at office dv ornlglit.
unlet profeoionally cnK3ed. -Jttice on
s..ni heart coru.T oi Diamond, over kne!rt
Shoe Store. aprj-e.u.
IT. S. KIMMEL
I f tonder h protensional ervice to the eitl
iiii of Somerset an.t Vicinity, f'nlc prolcwlon-
a I enicaiteil he can 1 K ana al ma :aoe, n iu.ih
St.. tt of the Diamond.
TR. H. F.RURAKER tenders lii;
-iet and vicinity, iifrc in reldcnc cn Main
T, R. VM. RAUCH tenders his
" profesJlmal services' to the cltiiensof Som
C"et and Tr inity. ,
, im.-e Kie dour U't of Wayne A Bertcblle
turnHnre -re.
lice.. 1
DR. JOHN BILLS.
DENTIST.
Office p stalrj InCwk A lVerita Ulock, Somer
set, Pa.
DR. WILLIAM COLLINS.
DENTIST. StlMEKSET. PA.
t!Sce In Manimmh Dloclt, above Boyd a Irn
Store, where he can at all times be fwnnl prepar
in,4n'.l ktaria rf work, such as nil tog. rem).
Artificial teeth of all kiida.
and of the best material Inserted. Operations
warranted.
H
HOWARD WYNNE, MD.
J'jHXSTO M X, PKX.VA.
lilneasesofth. F.ve. Ear. Nose and Throat
Sicial and r.xrluoit. timet Ice. Hours, f A. M. to
vp . Lather a Oreen iiloek, a Mala M.
T I'. THOMPSON, M. D.
J . s?l KOEUN DENTIST.
Johnstown, Pa.
Has had a professional experience ol more than
tliirv vears. Fnt-io Tkkth a Spx-ialtt.
th. rooms No. xtz Main street (up stairs) over
John li hert's Hardware Store. It will be necea
earr l,r iersons who want work done to Biake ea-
Kaicetnealt Dennvuinu. vis o.
DR. J. K. MILLER has verroa
uent'T la!f.l in IterliB 1 the p -act ice el
iiti proteVia. tiCot opposite t'harle Krlsslnv.
er's store. . . .. apt. Si '7u-tL
j JJIAMOND HOTEL,
STOYSTOWN. PENN'A.
Tkts popular anil well known kvase k.s lately
neen u.n nyi.iT ana newr reatted wits all new
nd best ot turniture. whlcb bat made It a very
desirable sttii.u.g .Uce i.r tlie traaeUnK public,
liis table and r.t cannot be surpassed, ail be
niC first class, with a larre public kail attacked
to the eaice. Also Urtre nd roomy subline
First class koanlioi: can be bad at Ike luweat poe
si Lie trices, t j the week, day or meal.
SASIUl.LCrsTKR. Prop.
k.E.U. IHamoad
KiOTStov ,Pa
AO U I F" Send ( cents or nost-
1 I Mm Cm a and receive free a
oily 1h. ui p,uich will help v. to more
Mice y rlkt ws tkaa anvtklns: esse la tkla
W'H-W. Ail. o sitljer H-x. succeed tromnrst lor.
1 he lrrd r.l to turtune ocs beire ike work
ers, alwoiuteir .ure. At once aadresa. Tarn a
Aneutta. Jlalne. una.
"JXECCTOR'S NOTCE.
Lsiaie ot Adam Z.mmcrman. dee'd, late o Som
ertet twsmU, Somerset Omnty, Pa.
Letters testaamtary en the ahova eatata kav
ina twra araated to the andersiKMd. notiee Is
uert-t.yKiven to all ersons UKieUwl to said estate
tt'make unmllate eayment, aad tnuse bavlnsr
cisims avainstthesasM will pmeai them duly
aa'bentica4 lor settiemrnt, on r.turdT. Ntk
vegtwr I Inst, at the late raeMeuc lUeii-e-otJr
in Jenner l arj..
... JONAS MA1EF.R.
----- : - - - - - ' l:r -r-r- r-r-
VOL. XXXIII. NO. IS.
GREAT BARGAINS
IN
BRASS AND COPPER
JI'JULJ JL -IL
LARGEST STOCK
At Lowest Prices Ever OM, at Wholesale ai
-FttJLJSTTZ W. HAY,
MANVFACTVREH AND JOBBER IN
Plain, Stamped, and Japanned Tinware
BANGES, STOVES AND HOrSE-rTKNISHING GOODS,
COPPE, SHEET-IRON
irOrder Solicited from Merchants
280 Wasliington Street,
TO THE
Farmins: Trade !
We wish to call vour attention
to the
iiviiviEisrsE stock:
-OF1 OUR-
O l' brch-d Make of Mortfxjram
HOOTS & HOES.
Which we have Just Received
for the
FAIL AKD WINTER TRRDE.
EvervFair are Warranted to
Give
ENTIRE SATISFACTION
Bv the Manufacturer, and if
they fail to do as we guar
antee them to do, we
refund the money
or give you a
New Pair
FEEE O COST !
Please bear in mind that we
are Sole Agent for the
Monogram Boots & Shoes
In Johnstown, and no other
Shoe Dealer can sell you the
Monogram Boots & Shoes
But Us. Our Stock of
other
BOOXS AND SHOES
Of Coarse, as well as Medium
and Fine is Larger this Fall
than ever, and at Prices that
Will surprise you. We can
save you fully 2-3 per
cent by buying your
Fall and Winter
Stock from
Us.
OiSTE-PHICE
SHOE STORE
No. 212 Main St., Johnstown, Pa.
A NEW ENTERPRISE.
E. M. Lambert & Bro.,
Mahufacturers of and Dealers hi
White Rn6 ana HaMSifr
We have aecared a
And manufacture Shineles on the Michigan
Principle. We cat, aixl cuasiaatlv keep oa band
two cradesof the varto( kituis ol Sninalca. We
caaraoioe ear Shinitle to I superior t any
ia tke (.bounty. Shall be pleased to have partir
eme aad Inspect our aklairics belura baying
elsewhere. A4draes
E. M. LAMBERT & BRO.,
LAM BERTS V1LLE, SOU KKSCT Ciii, Pa,
aaeU-ena.
L. STAR&ARDTER S
JLUIJUJI
1
WARE, AND BRUSHES
Sellng Gocls In In My Line.-m
- Jolmstow
SOMERSET COUin BANK
(ESTABLISHED 1877.)
CHARLES. J. HABE1S0H.
President.
M. I. PRiTTS.
Cashier
Collections made In all parts of the United
States.
CHABGES MODERATE.
Parties wishing to send money West can be ac
commodated lv draft on New Torlt In any sum.
Oollections made with promptness. V. S. Bonds
nought and sold. Money and valuables secured
by one of DleNild's celebrated safes, with a Sar
gent A Yale 3j0 00 time loolu
ACCOUNTS SOLICITED.
ar Alllega holidays observed."
Albzrt A. Hoes a
J. Scott Wabdv
HORHE f WARD
BCCl'KSSOKa TO
EATON & BROS,
SO. 27 FIFTH AYESUE,
PITTSBURGH, PA.
SPRING, 1882.
NEW GOODS
EVSSY DAY SPECIALTIES
tmbroider!e,Uc$, Millinery, Whits 6oodi, Hand
kerchiefs! Dress Trimmings. Hotisry, Gloves,
Corsets, Muslin and Merino Underwear, In
fants' and Children's Clothing. Fancy
Gcods, Yarns, Zephyrs, Mats
rials ef Alt Kindt for
FANCY WORK,
Gent's Anion ; Gils, k, k
TCCB rATBOJI AQ 1 aaOrsX-TSTLtT BOLICITID.
fir-Orders by Mailattended to with Protnpt
mj and Dispatch.
TUTT'S
POLLS
"THE
OLD
RELIABLE."
25 YEARS
IN USE.
The Greatest Medical Triumph of the Age.
Indorsed all over the World.
SYMPTOMS OF A
TORPID LIVER.
Loss of appetite. Nausea, bowels cos;
tive. Fain m the HeaAwiih a dull sen:
satipain the back part. PainjindeT
thejiHoulderblade, fttllness aftereatr
ing with a disinclination tpeiertign
ot body or mind. Irritability of temp
er, Low epint 3, Loss of memory (witS
a feejingoXJb4Vtogjrieglectedjsome
duty,arinessizzinei9Jputtei
ing of the Heartj fiots before theeyes,
YeUpwiSWndHead3Che,Rest!ejOTe
at night, highly oolcredTlrine.
IF THESE WARNIKGS ARE TJNHZEDED,
EIS:;! CCSaZ3 W. t3S SI SZVXUrZS.
TDIT8 PILLS are especially adapted to
such cases, one tloae effects sucb a change
of feeling; as to astonish tbe sufferer.
TneylKcrraea the Appetite, and cause
tbe body to Take oat I'ie.h, thus the sys
tem is nourished, and by their Tossie
Actiose on the DlarraUva Orsaaa. Besjav
lar slswol. nre proiafd. Pnoe 5 eewta.
TUTT8 IIAIll DYE.
Orav Hat t r Whisbtfrs changed to a
Gushsv Ulack by a nutclo application of
tills PVE. It imparta n natural color, acta
tnxtaiitutienuly. c-obl by Dnigglataa or
wnt by express on reoeipt of k)l.
Office, 44 Murray St., New Yof
FASHIONABLE
CUTTER & TAILOE,
h Having
'J Inesa. 1
had many
experience
branches of
Tailoring bus
ts. 1 guarantee
who may call np
1 oa me and favor
me with t belt paw
iouaa.
Ysr,fce
wn. m. nocnsTE ri:i(,
saart
CHARLES HOFFMAN,
HERCHAIIT TAILOR.
8tsJ
LATEST STTLES U LOWEST PRICES.
tWSATISFACTlON GUARANTEED: .
SOMERSET, PA.
fc5 outfit free.
Mo risk. Can-
Reader, If yoa
hieh aarsnas oi
, yoans; oroto, can ataae a teas pay an
the ttSM tbey work, wllk akealau arrtanity
wrttefor psmlcalars w H. Bauantr, PorUaedJae.
S
rPa.
fv - r a week at name.
VI' I I" nav absolutely sura.
fl flltsi not required.
II J 1 Unit basineaa at w
e, tbersex
He and I.
He was the first always ; fortune
Shone bright in his face.
I fought for years ; with no effort
Be conquered the place ; -We
ran ; my feet were all bleeding,
But he won the race.
My home was still in the shadow,
. His lay in the sun ;
I longed in vain ; what he asked for
It straightway was done
Once I staked all niy heart's treasures ; j
. We played and he won.
Yes ; and just now I hare seen him,
Cold, smiling and blest, -Laid
in his coffin. God he'p me !
While he is at rest
I am cursed still to live ; even
Death loved him the best.
Adelaide
Editorial Jaunt Over the Line ol
the Son t hi Pennsylvania RailroatL
From tbe Engineering News and American Con- ,
tract Journal,
Fifty years ago, a drive of two
hundred miles, or more, from the
Cumberland Volley to Pittsburgh, :
would hardly have been considered ;
as worthy, of mention ; in fact, it
was too much of an every day occur
rence. But in this day of steam, in
the hurry and dash of our present
mode of life, such a trip is an en
joyable novelty, and forcibly recalls
the leisurely methods of past gener
ations, before railroads were, and the
telegraph and other electric wonders
more than the dreams of a few wise
men. We have made this journey
aa our fathers made it, and propose
to tell what we saw.
The southern tier of Pennsylvania
counties covers a region famed lor
its beaty of scenery, and filled with
the traditions of colonial days ; sto
ries of Indian raids and massacres.
of the exploits 'of the sturdy fron
tiersman, of the Trench and Indian
wars of the middle of the last centu
ry, of Washington, liraddock, Ferbes
and Bouquet But ot all this only
memory remains, and the suggestive
local names of villages and streams
and mountain tops. To the un
thinking strauger Forts Littleton,
Loudon, Ligonier, Cumberland and
Bedford mean nothing but empty
names of Modern towns. But they
cover the sites of actual fortresses,
christened in honor of old-world he
roes, and lorming links in a chain
of similar works extending from
Fort IiOwther, in Carlisle, in fact,
from Easton on the Delaware, to
Fort Pitt on the then remote Ohio.
They were barriers against Indian
raids, and in part against French
aggression, and served as rallying
points for settlers harrassed by a
savage foe now long driven from
this region. Burnt Cabins, Standing
Stone and Bloody Run have each
their story to tell, and Braddock's
Road is still a traveled high
way. But through this land of story and
directly along the path we followed,
another army ia making its way,
greater in numbers than Braddock's
and better generaled; yet like the
forces of that unfortunate comman
der, this modern host is also cutting
a road to the bite of Fort Pitt But
the new highway is on a grander
scale; it pierces the very bowels cf
the mountaina and leaps the deep
gorges in a manner typical of the
advance of humanity in the years
that have intervened.
It is through this country that the
South Pennsylvani Railroad is be
ing built, and a general tour of in
spection over its lice was realiy the
purpose of our yisit and forms
the text ; proper of our re
marks. The new railroad -commences in
Harrisburg, and crosses the Susque
hanna river on the veTy ferry site
established bv John Harris in 1705.
The piers of the bridge, substantial
and handsome in appearance, are
just being completed, and from the
southern end ot this structure the
line follows down the Cumberland
Valley to a point below Carlisle,
and gradually climbing the eastern
slope of the Blue Mt., pierces this
mountain and the Kittatinny by a
pair of tunnels so close together as
to be called the "Twins." From
this point westward to Pittsburgh
the road pursues its way through
mountain ranges and along moun
tain crest j
As a prospective route for a great
railroad to the West the line now
being built is no new thing eave in
the very important feature of actual
construction. As long ago as 1837
Mother Mage made a survey for a
railroad from Chanibersburg to
Pittsburgh, by order of the Legisla
ture of Pennsylvania. His location
in part occupied the ground being
built upon to-day, but in his effort
to serve too many masters and meet
widely scattered local demands, his
route was too crooked to suit even
the men who in preference selected
the present .devious line of the
Pennsylvania Railroad through the
mountains.
The old Mage report to the Legis
lature still exists and from it we
find that he made the distance from
Chambersburg to Pittsburgh 240
miles. That the maximum gradi
ent was 00 ft per mile and only
half of the line exceeded 40 ft per
mile. He estimated for three tun
nels, and tbe - total cost was to be
i 11, 305,789.89. i His prices were
low enough ; he figured excavation
at 11 to 12 i cte. per. cn. yd., em
bankment, 10 to 14 cts., loose rock,
45 to 50 cts., solid rock 55 to SO cts.,
and culvert masonry f 1.50 to $3.00.
His superstructure was to be an "H"
rail 45 lbs. -per yd., laid on 3x9 in.
locust longitudinal sills, with 6x6
I in- locust cross-ties spaced 20 in. be
tween centers, with 4 in. of broken
stone ballast beneath. This track
was to cost $9,755.55 per mile.
Subsequently ."'about the year
1844,! the State ' employed J. L.
Schlatter to make surveys for a rail
road from Harrisburg to Pittsburgh.
Extensive operations were conduct
ed ia the field by him and his assist
ants over the then called " Southern
Route n from Chambersburg across
Cowan's Gap into the waters of tbe
Little Aughwick Creek, thence along
Aughwick Creek and sideling Hill
Creek passing by Wishart'sGap into
Sherman's Valley, the waters of
which flow into the Raystown
Branch of the Juniata near Piper's
EST-AJBLISHEO 1827.
SOMERSET, PA., WEDNESDAY. OCTOBER 15, 1884.
Run, and thence the line, following
the Raystown Branch, reached the
base of the Alleghecies and ascend
ed their -eastern slope to the summit
of Will's creek: thence following
the Casselman river arid the Yough
iogheny and Monongahela rivers to
the Pittsburgh and Connellsville
Railroad. Nothing further was done
until tbe organization of the Penn
sylvania Railroad Company in 1846.
In the following year this company
made an examination of the differ
ent routes from Harrisburg indica
ted by all the former surveys and
came to the conclusion to reject the
Southern route, and adopted the
roups ty the valley of the Juniata
as presenting greater facilities and
less distance than any other, and
commenced construction.
The southern route lay dormant
until the year 1S54 when the Dun-
cannon, Landisburg and Broad Top
Railroad Company was organized
and chattered and became the actu
al parent of the present company.
In 1855 the name was changed to
that of the Sherman's Valley and
Broad Top Railroad Company and
in 1857 the Legislature authorized
this company to extend its line by
the most practicable route and con
nect it with tbe Pittsburg and Con
nellsville railroad, and also with
the Allegheny Portage Railroad and
to construct lateral roads. In 1859
the title was again changed to the
Pennsylvania Pacific Railway Com
pany. This company retained all
the rights and privileges previously
granted, and was authorized to ex
tend its line westward to the State
Line of Maryland and of Virginia.
In 1863 the name was finally chang
ed to that of the " South Pennsylva
nia Railroad Company " and during
the last session of the Legislature,
general laws were passed under
which the powers of the company
were greatly extended and authority
was obtained which enabled it to
adopt the shortest possible line be
tween Harrisburg and the State
Line of Virginia and Pittsburgh.
The various extensions and renew
als granted to the company seem to
have been greatly due to the person
al efforts and watchful interest of
Col. James Worrell, a veteran civil
engineer, now a resident of Harris
burg. He had assisted Hage in his
original surveys in 1837 and 18C8,
and always maintained the most
lively interest in the Southern route.
He became President of the South
Pennsylvania Railroad Company
about the yetr I860, and made some
reconnoissances and BUrveys of his
own between Chambersburg and
Pittsburgh, and advanced some bold
theories for. the engineering of the
route.
During the period between I860
and 1880, the controlling stockhold
ers of the organization were the Mc
Calmont Brothers, of London, who
had subscribed for the majority cf
the stock and paid in, in cash, the
first instalment thereon. Practical
ly, this gave the control to the offi
cers of the Philadelphia and Read
ing Railroad Company, and so mat
ters remained until some time in
1881, whe the subscription book
was opened and large additional
subscriptions were made by parties
representing capitalists in the State
of New York Surveys were com
menced under the supervision of Ol
iver W. Barnes, of New York, Civil
Engineer, with a large force, and suf
ficient data was obtained to enable
him to report that a new and better
line bad been discovered than any
that had been heretofore known,
and upon this report being place'tf
before capitalists, subscriptions to
an amount sufficient to construct
the road were obtained and the com
pany was reorganized with abund
ant capital.
Mr. tiarnes was selected as the
Chief Engineer of the Company and
was authorized to survey and locate
the line upon the route he had rec
ommended, but in order to make as
surance doubly sure, the most thor
ough exploration was made of every
practicable route and side line which
presented itself, or which was advo
cated by intelligent persons along
the line, before finally adopting the
location now under construction. A
belt several miles in width was cov
ered bv tbe surveys, and its rugged
topography carefully mapped and
pnes were estimated upon and
compared in the most careful man
ner.
One of the strikin? features which
is presented to the mind of the en
gineer in considering the adopted
location is that it is a "summit line"
for a large portion of the way and
instead of following the devious
windings of the mountain streams
as does it older brother, tbe Penn
sylvania Railroad, it cuts through
the mountain ranges which cross it
at right angles and seeks the crests
of the water sheds. This is so much
the case that through the region be
tween the Tuscarora Mt, and Side
ling Hill, and again between the Al
legheny Mountain and the Chestnut
Ridge over a wide stretch of coun
try we failed to discover a single water-way
passing under the read bed
for which a 12 ft opening was not
more than ample. There is not an
iron bridge on these crest lines for
more than 40 miles. This simple
fact speaks for itself as a meas
ure of economy, and locating
skill.
This location is the more remark
able when we consider that the main
direction of the railroad strikes the
ridge almost at right-angles to their
axes, and speaks volumes for the
patience, perseverance and profes
sional skill of the engineers in charge.
They seem to have considered all
the parts of the difficulties to be sur
mounted in their relation to one an
other and settled upon a conclusion
derived from the entire truth. No
tine seems to have been - adopted
until all the logical relations and de
pendencies were completely under
stood. The great advantage of this
line is in the fact that it is not con
fined to the narrow limits of. the
valley but is a direct " across coun
try lino on ground rejected by all
previous surveyors, scarcely a mile
' of it having ever been occupied by
their locations, some of them
thought they bad satisfactory lines
because they were cheap, out so
extended was their length and so
steep their ruling grades that had
they been able to raise the money to
build on them they would not only
have been financial failures, but
they would have left the best ground
unoccupied to be taken advantage
of by more skillful and enterprising
engineers.
The final reperta having been sub
mitted by the chief engineer during
the summer 6flSS3, a contract for
tho construction of the whole line
was made with the American Con
struction Company, an organization
perfected under the laws of the State
of New Jersey, and the work has
since been prosecuted under that
contract by bub contracts with prac
tical and experienced contractors,
distributed at various points along
the line.
We regret that we cannot enter
more fully into the detail of the or
ganization and practice followed in
the construction of the road, for w
could detect on all sides, even in
our hasty trip over the line, ear
marks of the most careful and thor
ough supervision, such as might be
expected from the unusually strong
combination of professional talent
haying its works in charge. But
both daJa and time were wanting
for our task, and aa yet we could
only review uncompleted structures.
There are seven long tunnels con
templated and two shorter ones.
This, of course, ia the most import
ant feature of the line as to time of
completion oi the road, and in them
we observed that the work was be
ing pushed to its utmost. With the
exception of the Negro Mountain
and Quemahoning Tunnels, the two
short ones, all the headings and
tunnel enlargements were well un
der way, aa will be seen by the ac
companying table :
Progress
Tunnel. Finished botiiends Contractor.
JLeniitb. Sept. Stb.
Bluest. '.-to leet ai'J feet Mason, A Co.
Kittatinny.... " S'.O " i-vansiCo.
Tuscarora 4 -5 " 7t0 " Mason H k Cb
fidellng Hill.. OhU'i ' 460 " O'H A Koffers.
Kay's Hill Z A " :,T0 " M"M S A Green
Allegheny 'MM u 100 " ). McFadden.
Laurel Hill... .Moo " Tuu " Patterson A C
Nearo Alt 1100 ' l " J. McOovern.
tiacmahonlDic (wo " 0 P. A T. ( oliins.
All or the tunnels are being work
ed by compressed air drills, or prep
arations are nearly completed for
their introduction. In the Sideling
Hilltni Allegheny mountain Tun
nels the electric light i3 used, the
first time we ever saw it adopted on
work of this nature. It is employ
ed mainly in lighting up the finish
ed tunnel, the deep shadows result
ing from it making oil lamps still
preferable at the working face. The
old-fashioned top-headiDg i3 the
rule among the contractors, the bottom-heading
and side enlargement
adopted with such remarkable suc
cess in the piercing of the Arlberg
tunnel not yet haying found favor
with American contractors. Very
considerable timbering has been so
far required, and the nature of this
timber work is such as at once to
attract the attention of the engineer.
It is permanent, to the extent of
about 7 years, and is located entire
ly outside of the proposed masonry,
permitting this last to be put in
place when suitable material can be
transported over the finished road.
Brick-yards, however, are being
started near several pf the tunnels,
and the product will be largely used
on the line of the railroad, good
stone beingtexceedingly scarce over
many sections. The timbering in
place near the portals of the tunnels
presents an exceedingly neat appear
ance, and takes but a minimum of
space outside the masonry. The sets
are placed aboui 30 inches between
centres' usually, and they are tied
together longitudinally by 5x6 in.
ties, wbich are jogged down 3 in.
over the arch timbers. The timber,
however, varies in design with the
character of the ground to be held ;
when very bad, the usual caps, posts
and rakers are employtd.
The arched masonry upon the
line of the road, some of which is
started, attracts attention lrora the
peculiar form of the opening, which
is ovoid instead of full center or
segmental. Thi3 design has been
adopted after careful etudy by the
Associate Engineer, Mr. Wm. F.
Shunk, as being not only more eco
nomical of material than the usual
form, but as being really stronger
than with the ordinary dimensions ;
the arch is struck from three centers
and is so designed that flie line of
pressure falls within the middle
third of the arch. This is another
evidence of the care and attention
to detail and proper economy in
construction characteristic of the
present engineering management
Another new departure was noticed
in the ' box-drain " plans ; as men
tioned, stone of suitable character is
verv scarce, and covering stone
proper for use in these drains so dif
ficult to get that their cost is prohib
itory. But here again Mr. Shunk
has brought into play his strong
common sense and has utilized a
tou"h but thin laminated stone
found in the neighborhood ; he has
substituted arches and walls of this
stone laid in full cement for the usu
al covering stone and heavy side
walls, reasoning that as the Romans
used thin tile and good cement for
some of their most lasting work this
same construction would do good
service heie. It is a hint worth re
membering. In summing up the results of our
trip over the South Pennsylvania
Railroad, we give some general data
picked up by the way. The dis
tance from Harrisburg to Pittsburgh
will be 213 miles. The highest ele
vation attained is at the Laurel Hill
Tunnel, 2,444 feet above tide. The
maximum gradient is 52.8 ft going
west from Harrisburg until the foot
of the Allegheny range is reached at
New Baltimore where the ascent is
made at the rate of 96 ft per mile
on a plane 10 miles in length. The
Allegheny Summit having been
reached, a maximum of 26 4-10 ft
per mile is used over tbe undulating
ground along the divide between
the Allegheny mountains and Lau
rel HilL The descent of the western
slope of the Laurel Hill required the
use of 105 ft. per mile for a distance
of 6 miles ; this puts the line fairly
on the crest of the connecting ridge
between the Laurel Hill and the
Chestnut ridge ; then to descend
from the Chestnut Ridge into the
watershed of the Sewickly, 105 ft
per mile is again resorted to for a
distance of 6 miles ; the foot of this
era
grade lands the line down into the
Youghiogheny Valley, thence 52 8-10
is used with all undulations to the
point of connection with the Pitts
burgh, McKeesport & Youghiogheny
Railroad at Port Perry, on the Mon
ongahela river, 11 miles south from
Pittsburg, and 203 miles west of
Harrisburg ; the grades from Port
Perry to Pittsburgh beiag only 16
ft per mile. The maximum curva
ture is six degrees. . All grading and
tunnels are for double track. The
labor is abundant (.6,000 men are
said to be employed) and is made
up mainly of Italians, Hungarians
and negroes. The old time Irish
railroader is conspicuous by his ab
sence, seemingly very few of them
being at work, though the gang
bosses, foremen and superintendents
are generally ot the old-tashione
class.
The Velocity of I he Moon.
Wenw faintly picture, perhaps,
how it would seem, from a station
near the lunar orbit, to see the moon
a moving world rush by with
a velocity greater than that of the
cannon-ball in its Bwiftest flight;
but with equal speed its shadow ac
tually travels along the earth ; and
now, if we return from our imagin
ary station to a real one here below,
we are better prepared to see why
this flying shadow is such an unique
spectacle ; for, small as it may be
when seen in relation to tbe whole
globe, it is immense to the observer
whoso entire horizon id filled with it
and who sees the actual volocity of
one of the heavenly bodies, as it
were, brought down to him.
"The reader who has ever ascend
ed to the Superga, at Turin will re
call the magnificent view and be
able to understand the good fortune
of an observer (Forbes) who ouce
had the opportunity to witness
thence this phenomenon, and under
a nearly cloudless sky. 'I perceiv
ed,' he eaya 'in the southwest a
black shadow like that of a storm
about to break, which obscured the
Alps. It was the lunar shadow
corninz toward us.' An he speaks
of the stupefaction' it i3 his word
caused by the spectacle. 'I con
fess,' he continues, 'it was the most
terrifying sight I ever saw. As al
ways happens in the case of sudden.
Biient, unexpected movements, the
spectator confounds real and relative
motion. I felt almost giddy for a
moment as though the massive
building under me bowed ou the
side of the coming eclipse.' Another
witness, who had been looking at
some bright clouds just before, says;
'The bright cloud 1 saw distinctly
put out like a candle. The rapidity
of the shadow, and the intensity,
produced a feeling that something
material was sweeping over the
earth at a speed perfectly frightful.
I involuntarily listened for the rush
ing noise of a mighty vur.d."
Only Four Honrs in Bed.
One of the most peculiar charac
ters in Connecticut is John Maher,
of Spring street, Ansonia, better
known there as John Who-Never-Sleeps.
John is an Irishman who
is making for himself a little fortune
at $1 50 per day by working thirteen
hours in the factory. Thither he
goes every day, rain or shine, and
he is never ill. Of the remaining
eleven hours he devotes seven to la
bor and four to sleep.
This perpetual living without
sleep causes a great deal of annoy
ance to his neighbors and to every
body within a mile of him who wish
es to sleep when he ia at work. He
now owns three double houses and
two fine building lots. For year3
he has been clearing the lots of stone,
working wholly by night He has
done his blasting with giant powder
by torchlight, and, at all hours ex
cept midnight, can be heard the
souud of his hammer and drill, lie
does not put fire to his fuse before
4 o'clock A. M., when off go three or
four tremendoua blasts, the shock of
which sends hilf the fathers and
mothers of Ansonia out of bed upou
the floor like the recent slaughter of
fish by the bursting of a torpedo at
at Beauford Point
Mr. Maher is tbin, nervous, and
as supple as a Rocky Mountain goat.
He is only 40 but lookn aged because
of hid devotion to money getting.
Be has never made out one losing
speculation. A few years ago he
sank a well in the rear of one of his
houses through seventeen feet of sol
id rock without help, and carried
the stone up on his back, most of
the work being done with the aid of
a lantern. A week" after it had been
finished it was hopelessly ruined, so
that he had to fill it up. . He had,
with tiie aid of his wife, started a
small grocery store. A barrel of ker
osene oil which was left outside and
some vards distant from the well
leaked, and its contents finally
worked through the ledge into the
water.
A Church Built With One Tree.
A redwood tree,cut in thi3 county
furnished all the timber for the Bap
tist Church in Santa Rosa, one of
the largest church edifices in the
county. The interior of the build
ing is finished in wood, there being
no plastered walls. Sixty thousand
shingles were made fiom the tree af
ter enough was taken for the church.
Another Redwood tree, cut near
Murphy's hill, in thi3 coucty. about
10 years ago, furnished shingles that
nquired the constant labor of two
industrious men for two years before
the tree wa3 used up. Santo Rwa
Republican.
Some Foolish People.
Allow a cough to run until it gets
beyond the reach of medicine. They
often say, Oh it will wear away, but
in most cases it wears them away.
Cou'd they be induced to try the
successful medicine called Kemp's
Balsam, which we sell on a positive
guarantee to cure, they would imme
diately see the excellent effect after
taking the first dose. Price 50cts.
and il.Oa
Trial 6ize free at C. N. Boyd's Drug
: Store.
Little or no jewelry ia worn by
ultra fashionable ladies.
If
LL. O
WHOLE NO. 1735.
Increased Duration of Life.
The stage to which we have at
present attained may be stated thus:
Compared with the period of 1838
1855 (the earliest for which there
are trustworthy records) the average
of a man's life is now 41.9 years in
stead of 39.9 and of a woman's 45.3
instead of 41.9 years, an addition of
eight per cent to the female life and
five per cent to the male. Of each
thousand males born at the present
day, forty-four more will attain the
age of thirty-five than used to be
the case previous to 1871. For the
whole of life the estimate is that of
one thousand persona (oue-balf
males and one-half females) 35 sur
vive at the ag9 of forty-five, 26 at
fifty.five, 9 at sixty-five, 3 at seventy
five, and 1 at eighty-live. To put
the case another way, every thou
sand persons born since 1870 will
live about 2,700 years longer than
before. In other words, the life of
a thousand persons is equal to that
of 1,070 persons previonsiy ; and 1000
births will keep up the growth of
our population a3 well as 1,070 used
to do. This is equivalent in result
to an increase of population, and in
the best form, viz, not by more
births but by fewer deaths, which
meana fewer maladies and better
health. What ia more, nearly 70
per cent of this increase of life takes
place for ia lived) in the 'useful
period" namely, between the agt?s
of twenty and sixty, thus of the 27,
000 additional years lived by each
thousand of our population 70 per
cent, or 1,890 years, will boa direct
addition to the working power of
the people.
It is to be remembered that tbere
might be a great addition to the
birtha in a country with little ad
dition to the national working power
nay, with an actual reduction of
the national wealth and prosperity
seeing that, regarded aa "econom
ic agents,"' children are a 6ource of
expense, and so aloarethe major
ity of the elderly who have passed
the age of three-score. Oa the other
hand, as already said, only one-quarter
of the longer or additonal lift
enjoyed by our people is passed in
the useless period of childhood and
old age, and more than one-third of
it ia lived at ages when life is in its
highest vigor, aad most productive
of wealth and enjoyment. Corv.hiU
3fagnzine.
Caring for the Foor !n Xorway.
If Norway is learning from Arc er
ica there are some points on which
America can learn from Norway.
The treatment of the poor is one.
There are almost no beggars at all
in the kingdom, and the self respect
of the poor is so cherished that they
would scarcely go aa readily into
mendicancy as in countries where
they are scorned or abused. The
'steamkitchen ' of Christiana ia one
of the practical ways of helping pov
erty. It is owned by a stock com
pany, the members of which only
desire to receive a moderate interest
upon their capital.
The circular states that'the object
of the society ia "to enable the less
opulent classes" (mark the thought
ful wording) "to procure good and
healthy food at the lowest prices."
It is done by cooking enormous
quantities, and hundreds and even
thousands are fed by this co-operative
system. A good, clean, well
served dinner can be obtained here
from 6 to 8 cents, and never by any
chance are the poor patrons treated
less respectfully than a "more opu
lent" one would be at a more ex
pensive eating house. Yet the en
terprise "pays" l ecuniarily as well
as morally. -Yew York Tribune.
The first Saw MUla.
The old practice of making boards
was to split up the logs with wedges,
and. inconvenient aa the practice
was, it was no easy matter to per
suade the world that the thing could
he done in a better way. S;tw mills
were first used in Europe in the fif
teenth centt ry, but so late as lGfi5,
an Engli.-h embassador, having seen
a saw-mill in France thought it a
novelty which deserved particular
description. It ia amusing to note
how the notion of labor-saving ma
chines ha3 always agitated England.
The first saw-mill waa established
by a Dutchman, in 1663; but the
public outcry against the new fan
gled machine waa so great that the
proprietor waa forced to decamp
with more expedition than ever did
Dutchman before. The evil was
thus kept out of England for several
years, or rather generations, but in
1768 an unlucky timber merchant,
hoping that after so long a time the
public would be less watchful for
its interests, made a rash attempt
to construct another mill. The
guardians of the public welfare,
however, were on the alert and a
conscientious mob at or.ee collected
and pulled the mill to pieces.
The Altoona Tribme,in speaking
of the reuomination of Gen. J. M.
Campbell says: Of the candidate
it is not neccesasry to speak at length.
He is pretty wfli known throughout
the district He is our present rep
resentative in the national congress
and has represented us before. He
aas made a faithfttl member, having
been always attentive to his duties
and watchful of the interests of his
constituents. He has never been
given to the practice of filling the
pages of the Conjreional Record
with buncombe speeches, but he pos
sesses excellent business qualifica
tions and has been one of the most
useful men in congress, useful not
only to his immediate constituents
but also to the country at large.
Thoroughly loyal . to the funda
mental principles of the republican
party he has nevf rtheless always ex
ercised tbe right of forming his own
conclusions on public questions and
by more than one his votes show
that he has the courage of his con
victions. Ou the question of pro
tection to American industry he is
unmistakably right, and as this is a
district vitally interested in the
preservation of the tariff, there
ought to be no question of his tri
umphant election. Blair county
will do her whole duty toward con
tributing to this desirable result
The Pangs orstarratlon.
uWhen I look back to my own
brief experience and weary months
they suffered in the Arctic regions,
I think the mant of charity and
their action," said George W. Brower
i an ex-coxswain of the Navy, who had
Uui attached to the ill-fated steam
er Tallapowa. Continuing, he said:
j "I was coxswain of one of the boats
I of the Tallapoosa, when she was at
; tached to the Gulf Squadron. "Ono
evening when returning from a boat
expedition we were caught ia a ter
rific squall and our boat was cap
sized near a small island. My crew
managed to reach the shore, but
our boat drifted away in the dark
ness. We lay down in the bushes
aud slept that night and when mor
ning broke we realized that we were
on a desolate island. We explored
the island and found on it only un
underbrush and trees, nothing in
the shape of food or water. W e had
only to hope that we would soon be
rescued. The gale continued with
violence, and we spent another uight
in our bed of bushes.
"On the following morning we be
gan to feel the pangs of hunger and
thirst, and finding an old barrel on
the beach we broke the staves to dig
for water, which we found so brack
ish that we could not drink it Then
we set up a pole on a cliff, with a
shirt of one of the men fastened on
it as a3ignal of distress. Our suffer
ings from thirst were indiscribable.
We passed the third night and day on
the island without any change, ex
cepting ia one incident With a
companion I started on a tour
arouud the island, it being our prac
tice to take turns to search for a pus
sing vessel that we might sirnal.
jand eoing through a clump of woods
saw a cormorant, a bird of carrion
considered unfit to eat I killed it
with a club and we ravenously tore
it in pieces and sucked its blood,
which in our condition, we found
refreshing. But we did not men
tion the fact to our comrades upon
our return to camp. The ruornitg
of the fourth day broke with exces
sive heat, and one oi our party was
so delirious that it required two of
ua to subduo him. Our tongues had
so swollen that we could scarcely
speak above a whisper. Our lips
were also cracked anil spJit with the
intense heat.
"In the afternoon one of the men
who had been on his tour waa ob
served running toward the canap,
and we could just dLstiuguish aa he
came nearer that he was crying 'a
boat, a boat.' Those who were able
started towards theend of the island
where our distress signal wa3 flying
and we distinguished a boat ap
proaching us from the distance. A3
it approached the shore we recog
nized thw launch of the Tallapoosa.
As the otlicer came on shore w beg
ged hini to give us water. He gave
us a couple swallows each, which
mada us crave for more, but it waa
denied to us. Then a fire wa i made
on the beach, and in a few momenta
a pot of hot coffee was ready. Of
this we received only a few swallowa
each, and then we were given a few
pieces of pilot-bread soaked in cof
fee. Then we were assisted into the
boat, and taken to the ship, which
we reached late at night. A
few days of careful feeding and ten
der nursing restored u to our for
mer strencth. I have often thought
how thankful I was to God for that
rescue. Persons who have never
had like experience can form no idea
of the terrible sufferings of men
in that condition ; and those per
sona who so harshly criticise the
survivors of the Greely Expedition
if placed amid similar surroundings
would no doubt adopt the same
course."
31V Downing') Twin.
"I want you to hurry down to my
house on Pine-st, and arrest my
husband," said Julia Downing aa
she rushed into police headquarters
yesterday afternoon. Detective Rog
ers was the only man on guard at
the City Hall and did not feel in
clined to leave bis post, but as the
police had been looking lor Down
ing for sometime he determined to
go. When he got to the house he
found a man taking hia ease and
collared him. On the way to head
quarters the prisoner said: "Look
here you have made a mistake. I'm
not the man you want"
"We will see about that," said
Roger3. When the City Hall was
reached Roger3 placed his man be
fore Mrs. Downing and naked : "Is
this the man?"
Mrs. Downing gazed at the priso
ner several minutes and then replied,
"I'm blessed if I know."
"What" roared the officer, who was
mad anyhow for having the job to
do, "don't you know your own hus
bond. woman ?"
"Well," said Mrs, Dowing he has
a twin brother and I can hardly tell
them apart I'm not sure whether
that's Mike or Jim. If it's rny hus
band, its Jim, but if it's Mike you
have the wrong man."
I'm Mike," said the prisoner, "and
I would like to know what all this
means." The officer fell exhausted
into a chair, and Mrs. Downing
walked as if in a dream from the
office. Rogers invited Mike t have
something, and has a twin story to
tell to-day.
Tlionaanda Say o.
Mr. T. W. Atkins, Girard, Kan.,
writes: "I never hesitate to recom
mend your Electric Bitters to my
customers, they give entire satisfac
tion and are rapid sellera." Electric
Bitters are the purest and best med
icine known and will positively cure
Kidney and Liver complaints.
Purifv the bowels. " No family can
afford to be without them. They
will save hundreds of dollars in doc-
I tor s wlia every vear.
A postmaster of North Carolina
receives a salary of 9 cents.
Many forget that the hair and
I scalp seed cleansing as well as the
hands and u-et txtensive use ol
Ayer's Hair Vigor has proven that
it is the best cleansing agent for the
hair that it prevents as well as re
moves dandruff, cools and soothes
the scalp, and stimulates the hair to
renewed growth and beauty.
Over three million trees were
planted ia Great Britain in 1S33.
Rev. A. B. Lawrence, pastor Sec
ond Presbyterian church, Winston,
North Carolina, writes, he ttink it
hiB duty to state, that having suffer
ed several years with inflammatory
rheumatism, and having tried in
vain all other remedies, he was in
duced to try St Jacobs Oil. the mar
velous pain-cure, which, after con
tinued use, cured him entirely.
There is an association formed in
England for the purpose of proving
that Bicon was the author of the
plays credited to Shakespease.
r
.i