The Somerset Herald. Terms of Publication. PnMlshed every Wednesday oniteft ir annum, If paid to advance ; otherwise 2 M will lnvariaUj be charged. No loUCTlpUon will be 4iooe)rJooed BnUl ail to notify us when rabw-rhen do not Uk. oat their piper will bha!4repiuJW for tM to.l- aTiplion. Subscribers renovtor from one orioOee to otl or should lTutho bub ol tie former as wel! as tbe pre9eat office. Address The Somerset Herald, Somerset, FA. . A TTOK N -ATLA W, Somerset, Pa. 17RED. W. BIESECKER, h ATTOKNEY-AT-LAW - Somerset. Pa. Office, np-stalr In Cook BcerHs' Hl.k. GEORGE H. SCULL. ATTOKNEY-AT-LAW, Somerset Pa. 01 IX R. SCOTT, I ATTOIiXEY-ATLAW, S.iuerfei, Pa. I? KOOSER. attoi:n eyat uw, Somerset, Pa. II S EN PS LEY. ATTOK X EY-AT LAW, S-ducrsol, P - o r TRENT ATT" KNEY-AT-LAW , somcrsrt, Penn'a. I ' ' ATTUENLY-AT-LAW, -- - A O- II I BAER. ATTOKNEY-AT-LAW, Soiuerse;, -i . - . I a,linlnlnirlhilirtll. All business entrusted ttf kim iU I promptly attended to. A. H.OTFR"lH. W.H. EITI KL C I0FFR0TH .t RITPEL. ATT iKXtl &-A i -aa . An business entrusted o their cs.ro will be si.ee.niv and punctually anen'ieu 10. , flrr',v" .f M.ln Cross street, MOaH. tbe !C.iinm"tti Woe. A J.COU'.d:-. L. C. COI.BOEK. nOLRORN A- COLIiORX. ATTORN EY S AT LAW. allllienroimit- !vkU1't.itiUT,.IMtn follW.lMBiiia.lo In .m-cVh-u Bedford, and adi-dnimt Counties. Survey Irit CovejsminK d..:ie ..n reasonable terms. TILLIAM II. KOONTZ. A 1 llitAti-"' " i Will ulve prompt atren'.lor. to business tntrust-c-1 1.. hif-sre In b ncreet and adjoining counties. Oil.f in Printing lifWt Kow. DENNIS MEYERS, ATTUKN EY-A T-I.AW, . t-om'-rwt, Pnn a All le-a! hnflno W.ruJted ta hi. care will be att-t:d.-Uti:lln.roMii.nci'an.) fcdclitT. OttotMtn MsinT Street, n lir to Sny-dr-r fc l'o."tire. aprS TAMES L. ITCH. f I ATTHRNEYATI.AW. S'.merheU Pa. !.-.. Mammoth Bloclt. so rtalra. Entranre, -1 in fn" airwrt. Odie-'tiom made, rotates euied. Miles exuuiie.l, and all lcal business attended to with. pTvmptiiess a"- de:ity. Tl Y. KIM MEL. I . ATTOKXEY AT LAW, HIS) 3 Somerset, Pa. i.Ut ATTOKNEY-AT-LAW, S..uiBret, Pa, Office, tip-rtalrs In Manunotb lUock. JOHN O. KIMMEL. ATTOKNEY-AT LAW, .. . . Somerset, Pa. . Will attend to all busbies entrusted to Ms care InS omcrset and adioihinir counties with ).n.mpt nes and hdelity. Ottic on Main Cross street. EeivyfTschell. ATTOKX EY-AT LAW, Bounty and Pension Apent, Somerset, Pa. Otf.ee inMauiinotn lilack. "7"ALENTINE HAY. ATTOKXEY' -AT-LAW Ar. 1 DeabT In Real Estite. Somer t, P will attend to all lmf lne entrusted to hiJ care with iMniptnes and cdeiy . T GUN H. X II L. (I ATTOKX EY-AT-LAW ' Somerset, l a, WiU pr-'mptlT attend to all businesa cntmsted tolu-n. Money advanced on collections ke. Ol ht in Mammoth Kuildlnjt. T G.OGLE, . ATTOKNEY-ATLAW, Somerset Pa-, Prolesslonal lcflnes entrusted to rnj cure at tended to Ufa pp tnptness and hdirfity. DR. J. 31. LOUTH ER. ( Formerly of Stoycv.own.) MYSIC1AS ASD SIRGEOS, Has lo.'a'id termanently In Somorsft f..r tbe pM-.lreo) his iniwon. Ortice t doors est ot cntral Hutel, in rear oi l'rUK Sfro. mayUl. QR. E. W. r.LOUGH, iioXEorATHir rnvscj.v asi svrgeos Tenders his services to the people of Somerset and vicinity. Calls in town or country promptly :( r.ded to. 4 an le lound at other rty orniKhu j-.ne pndpssi'Cal'.y etiEKKed. -irhce on Southeast eorn-T ol Dlaui-.D.I. over Knepper's Mtne St'tre. prJS-:tt D R. IT. S. KIMMEL tenders his r.rotesslona! servh-e to the eltl- al tan ifced he can he K-und at his oflloe, n Hain t , eaM i i ir.e inamonu. DR. H. IIRURAKER t-ndprs liis l-F-fe .r!alsrrrtresvothe rltisens f ft'tn ern-; r.d VH Siiliy. orhce in residence cn Main street e! if the Diamond. DR. WM. RAUCH tenders his prufrssiunal sen ices to the cltiiens of Som erfet anu vicmiiy !,- ne li:T,ilure st rc, lee.. ".rtast of Wayne 4t IScrkeb'.'.e's DR. JOHN RILT-S. DENTIST, othce . ,' arri in Cook k Rcerita Block , Somer set. Pa. DIL WILLIAM COLLINS. DENTIST. SOMERSET, PA. ice In Mammoth Block, a hove Bnyd Drut: Store, where h can at all times be found prepar ed to do all kinds ol wortf. such as niiin. resru Itttinr. eitractire. ke. Anlncll teethot all kinds, and ( the lti material inserted. Operations warranted. II. 110 WA RD WYNN E, I D. I'i'eapes ftl.e Eve. Ijir. Nose and Throat-I'.'-ial and I x -luiv jiraetic. Hours, C A. si. to V r. . i.n:ier k Orevn J loci. w nil T I THOMPSON. M. O SVKGEtiX DEXTIT. Johnstown, Pa. Has h4 a tirofresioeal eTT-erienoe ol more titan tinny years Fn.i.i 1 kktm a Stssialtt. 'nniS Jf.i. Main street 'up stairs) over John l:tris Hardw are More. It will be neces sary l..r jerstins wl o wai;l urs dene to mafceen Ki: mt-t'.j Ulorei.nnj. ociie'Kl. TAMES O. KIERNAN. M. l ten- I dtrs.his prdeunal services to the citlfensof S.mret rd vletrltv. Ileeaa M lound at the restdwe ot Ms tat he'r on .Main Street or at tbe olhr. i Dr. Penrj Prutker. Sept lWi DR. J. K. MILLER has rma aestly located in Berlin for the raetV-e ol b.t prv:ef.'io. (.imee opposite ctariee tinsinir ait. "ti TB-tt D IAMOND HOTEL KTOYSTOWN. I'KXN'A. This popular and weU known bouse has lately been t!.nrvunh:y and newly ref.te.1 with all new c lst ot lurniture. which ht mscit K very destrat ie st.jiiia .iaee f.T the trauellna public. Hi Ul.k and wi cannot be surpassed, all be ck SmeUsa, with a laree puhlie hall attached o the same. Also iarae and iws atablinsr. Urst clats owlitreaa lr had at the lowest toe s' . 1 prices, by the week, !ay cr Kieal. S AK I EL CTSTFR. Prop. . E. Cor. Diamond Stoyslow ,P ADMINISTRATORS N0TICI1 Estav w Michael klncrdecd. late of Addison T.-wai-hip, ieaemt Coonty, Pa. Letter, af Administration Mthearxir estate oa beea craciew to the wndersinew bv tbe ;H!T n',h"'Ty. eotiee Is berebv aiveo to a!l Z, ux)t;vi o said estate to make immedt--e parment. t.d tno having claims araicrt the a.e rcMdence ot tie if-nn. Adoiinitraur 'f7 I I IH 1 n e VOL. XXXIII. NO 7. Riflgeway Patent Refrigerator The Best It solves tbe difficult proMem f Perfect BefriKeratlun. It dries and purifies itself while In se by an Aalomailc Cirrulaiii a ol Atr. Ituifpeuses with metal lliiiiiif.po objeetlonaldo because of labor ocary t. keeutt ciean.and jiermitsuf a wond Unm re.nlriOH reall do cleaning at all a long a Ice aupplv Is maintained. SlilM. Bntter, SI rats, Fish, Fruit, etc, can be kept in this Kefrl iterator at (awe tune without impartiCK the flavor of either to the other. It Is much more ooonomleal In consamptloa oltce than any other hefrlrerator. manner, with papet walls. o nf a in purcnasiug. sausl -&eod tur Illustrated Oauloue Frxit Jars, Jsily Glasses, Truit Cars, Ccneni Ladles, Jar Fillers, Cherry Seeders, Grariie 7are, Clothes 7iirg:rs, Capers, Stc. F. W. HAY, Manufacturer awl Dealer In I PLA1X, STAMPED . JAPANN ED 1 TINWAEE. KANULS.STOYES, AM House Furnishing Goods, Coppep & Sheet Iron Ware. Brushes tc. AT WHOLESALE and IIETAIL. X .-s. US. :-o and22 Washington. St., ! JOHNSTOWN. PA. Wholesale Agent for Self Melting and Self-Sealing "Wax Strings For aeallns; Fruit Cans cd jars. The Simplest, t'lu,aie'tt, and most r-:lal!e meihod I.t Sealing F'rait Jars ever used. From is to 6J c:s. per l.icn saved lir usisif thein. Scal ers supplied at mvnuhurturer's prices. Send tr circulars. FARMERS, FARMERS. -:o:- WE HAVE MARKED DOWN Every Pair Of WELOIE STOCK KIP AND SPLIT PLOW SHOES. We Fount! Our Stock Was TOO LARGE, And in Order tD Reduce Them Before The FALL SEASON, We Save Concluded to ICASE THEM I I0"v71T So Cheap that they are Eszxd to C-o ITcw. ALL OTHER BOOTS SHOES, SLIPPERS VERY CHEAP, Call and ec Uf, and Save Mt.iiey lv Euving From L. ONE-PRICE STARGARDTER S SHOE STOREiAGENTSi A V J-rf ' W : c,t l.aTTlm.uit. in Uk ever sold I 1 twice our price. Thefaneat Mllins; book. Asrent . i ea. Immense profiu to agents. All Inllisfui- " ' eor-le wint tt. Any one can become a sccesort l airei; Terms free." Uaukt Book Co., Port 212 Main SL, Johnstown, Pa.:nd,Min. No. SOMEBSH COUHTY 1 1 EST.VHI.IS1JLU 1H77.) CHAELES. 1 HAEEISGN. President. K.J.FEITTS. Cashier Collectloiii made In all parts of the Celled Statca. C2TABGES MODERATE. Partiee wUhitisr o s.cd moneT West can be ac I eommttlatrd by tiraTt on Mew York in any sum. ' Ojliectheui xukde with promptness. V. S. Biis i ushl and suld. Money and valuables aernred ' jroaeof Dielwld's evlebrated aalea, wita a Ssr I fsmt Yale ta 00 tin lock. ACCOUNTS SOLICITED. w-AlllrKa holidays ol-eeTre.L- lnsulateil with dead airspace made in best isulated witn aeau airspaces unt in mssi SatUiactloo guaranteed, or snooey refunded. S2.00 Will purchaM a Kitchen Outfit. Consisting "of the fol hiwinp; 3 pieces: 1 Dish Pan, 1 Coffee Pot, 1 Water Bucket, 1 Covered Bucket, 1 Lance O rater, 3 Tint'ups, 4 Pie Plaleft. 1 Cake Cutter, 1 nuce Pan. 1 Wash Btsln, 6 Tahle Knivt-a, r. Tal.le Forks. 6 Table Spoons, 6 I ea spoons Galvael m Mm, LEMON" SQT EEZF.KS. ICEPICKS. ICE TONUS. WIN EOOOLERS.TI'MBLEK DKAIN'EKS. ICECREAM MOLDS LiULOKMIXEKS, ETC Albtrt A. Hoes a. J. SOOTT WiStl. HOBHE & WARD rrcEfWORB to EATON & BROS, 0. 27 FIFTH AYEXUE, PITTSBURGH, PA. SPIll5?G7l882. NEW GOODS E732T DAY SPECIALTIES imtroiderie,,Ucej, Millinery, WhiU 6odt, Hand kerchiefs, Dress TrimmiagSi Hosiery, Gloves, Corsets, Muslia tnd Merino liaderweir, 1st fants' nd Children's Clothiaf .Fancy Geods, Yarns, Zephyrs, Mate rials of All Kinds for FANCY WORK, Mi FfiriMii! Goofe &c, k Tcr rATEOKAO IS RESPECTTTLLT BOUCTTO. Oniors by Mail attenJetl to with Prompt no and Ihspatch. A NEW ENTERPRISE. E. M. Lambert &Bro., .Manufacturers of and Dealer In Wis Tins and Hemloci Sftiles- We have secured a IslIEJW ZMTTiX Ami manufacture Shlnglea on the MIchlxan I Priitrlple. We ruU and constantly keep on hand two aiadesol the various kinds ot Shingles. We I auaran'ee our Shlnsrles to be snperior te any i iu the County. Shall be pleased to have parties dine and inspect our shingles before buying lel-julere. Address E. M. LAMBERT & BRO., I, AM liKETSVIIXE. S1M tKStT CO., P. FASHIONABLE CUTTER & TAILOR, Ha vine had many years ex"erlenoe in all branches of he Tailoring buv iness. 1 traarantee Hatisfaction to all U WOO UUft dill Up. 1 on me and favor 4. me with their paw wax-, ti. Yours, fcc, xv.n. m. iiocnsTF.n.ER, Somernel, Pu mars QUEMAHONING WOOLEN IILILS. If 31. S. 3101ZGAS, Proprietor, '1 'HE Aifcnts of thes well-known "Mills are now visitir-K their customers wun a spicnura aa- ott mvut of WOOLEN GOODS, which thev wish to trade for Wool. These floods ire made 'in our own County, from Pure Stock, on the Latest Improved Machinery, and bj hrst olas workmen. We want 'f t'T Y TH'HSASD roiSbS os H'OuL this jear, and will make tt i sv v. u todeal with us. -We are also prepared to do Custom Spbv uli an; Wool tardiiiB. Address. WM. S. MOROA1. aprtO-3m. Uaemahonlng, Pa. $66i week at home, tb outfit tree. t alaolutely sure. No risk. Cap- I not required. P.eader, if you nt hustnesa at wnicn persona oi r,,htr sex, young cr oW, can matesrreat pay an ti.. tin,, iher work, with aheolute eertalnty I wrt'.el'T particulars te H- Uau.ktt, PonUwl,4Ie, wanted for tbe live of U the esidenU of the S. The lar- ' aest. haodsouieat. test bouk ever sold for lesa mer- Lime,. Lime, Lime From the Celebrated Peek Limestone Led ce fomi'hed aboard the ear at enr kilns near Pine On e at cents rr hush'l, rnslarked. Orden promptly fliied. Far further psunienlara call on th. undertianed. J. M. WOLFERSBERQFH A BRO., I Jioekwoo, Pa, or tn-ayi Aao ju.ik. CHARLES HOFFMAN, 1 Ca oovs Henry Hefflejr. etereJ) UTEST ETTIES 113 ICWEST PRICES. SATISFACTION GUARANTEED. SOMERSET, PA. - m I m i p.e mm IERCHA1IT TAILOR onicr BLAINE'S LETTER. Tariff the Paramount Issue ot the Campaign. An American Policy for Americans Protection of Our Industries The Foreign Policy Clearly Defin. ed-Strong Opposition to Cheap Foreign Labor, Etc. The Hon. John I. Henderson, and other of the Committee, etc. Gentlemen : In acccepting the nomination for the Presidency ten dered me by the Republican Na tional Convention, I beg to express a deep sense of the honor which is conferred, and of the duty which is imposed. I venture to accompany the acceptance with some observa tions upon the questions involved in the contest questions whose set tlement may aii'ect the future of the Nation favorably or unfavorably, for a long series of years. In enumeratins: the issues upon which the Republican party apeal3 for popular support, the Convention ha3 been singularly explicit and fe licitous. It haa properly given the leading position to the Industrial interests of the country as affected by the Tariff on imports. On that question the two political parties are radically in conflict. Almost' the first act of the Republicans, when they came into power in 1SG1, was the establishment of the principle of Protection to American labor and to American capital. This principle the Republican party has ever since steadily maintained, while on the other hand the Democaatic party in Congress has for fifty years persist ently warred upon it Twice withirj that period our opponents have de stroyed Tariffi arranged for Protec tion, and since the close of the Civil War, whenever they havecontrolled the House of Representatives, hos tile legislation has been attempted never more conspicuously than in their principal measure at the Iat session of Congress. the takief question. Revenue laws are in their very- nature subject to frequent revision in ordtT that they mav be adapted to changes and modifications of trade. The Republican party is not contending for the permanency of any particular statute. The issue between the two parties does not have reference to a specific law. It is far broader and far deeper. It in volves a principle of wide applica tion and beneficent influence against a tneory wnicn we believe to be un sound in conception and inevitably burtlul in practice. In the many Tariff revisions which have been necessary for the past twenty-three years, or wnicn may nereauer be come necessary, the Republican par ty has maintained and will maintaia the policy of Protection to Americaa Industry, while our opponents in sist upon a revision, which practi cally destroys that policy. The is sue is thus distinct, well defined, and unavoidable. The pending election may determine the fate of Protection for a generation. The overthrow of the policy means a large and perma nent reduction in the wages of the American laborer, besides involving the loss of vast amounts of American capital investrd in manufacturing enterprises. The value of the pres ent revenue system to the people of the United States is not a matter f theory, and I shall submit no argu ment to.sustain u. I only invite attention to certain fact9 of oflicial record which seem to constitute a demonstration. In the census of lSr0 an effort was made, for the first time in our 1 history, to obtain a valuation of all the property cf the United States. The attempt was, in a large degree, unsaccessful. Partly from lack of time, partly from prejudice among many who thought the inquiries foreshadowed a new scheme of taxa tion, the returns were incomplete and unsatisfactory. Little more was done than to consolidate the local valuation used in the States for pur poses of assessment, and that, as everyone knows, outers widely from a complete exhibit of all the property. In the census of 1SC0, however, the work was done with great thor oughness tbe distinction between "assessed " value and "true " value being carefully observed. The grand result was that the " true value" of all the property in the States and Territories (excluding slaves) amounted to fourteen thousand mil lions of dollars (1 UKXl,(0,fXX This aggregate was the net result of the labor and the savings of all the people within the area ot the United States from the time the first British colonist landed In 1G07 down to the year ISffl Ii represented the fruit of the? toil cf two hundred and fifty years. Alter 1SG0 tr.e business of the country was encouraged and devel oped by a Protective Tariff. At the end of twenty years the total proper ty of the United States, as returned by the census of 1SS0, amounted to the enormous aggregate of forty-four thousand million of dollars ( J 44,000,-000.000).- This great result was at tained, notwithstanding tbe fact that countless millions had in the inter val been wasted in the progress of a bloody war. It thus appears that while our population between 1SC0 and 1S80 increased CO per cent the aggregate property of tbe country increased 214 per cent showing a vastly enhanced wealth per capita among tbe people. Thirtv thousand millions of dollars (SSO,OtJO,000,000) had been added during these twenty years to the permanent wealth of the Nation. These results are regarded by the older nations of the world as phe nomenal. That our country should surmount the peril and the cost of a gigantic war, and for an entire peri- J od of twenty years make an average! gain to its wealth of one hundred ; and twenty-five million dollars per; month, surpasses the experience of j all other nations, ancient or modern, j Even the opponents of the present I re venue system do not pretend that ! in the whole history of civilization I set ESTABLISHED, 1827. SOMERSET, PA., WEDNESDAY. JULY 30, 1S84. any parallel can be found to the ma- terial progress of the United States, since tne accession oi ine liepuou- can party to power. The period between 1S(X and to day has not been one f material prosperity only. At no time in the history of the United States has there been such progress in the moral and philanthropic field. Re ligious and charitable institutions, schools, seminaries and colleges have been founded and endowed far more generously than at any previ ous time in our history. Greater and more varied relief has been ex tended to human suffering, and the entire progress of the country in wealth has been accompanied and dignified by a broadening and ele vating of our National character as a people. Our eDponents find fault that our revenue system produce a surplus. But thev should Dot forget that the law has given a specific purpose t which all the surplus is profitably and honorably applied tbe reduc tion of the public debt, and the con sequent relief of tbe burden of taxa tion. No dollar ha3 been wasted, aud the only extravagance with which the party etands charged is the generous pensioning of soldiers, sailors, and their families an ex travagance which embodies the ' highest form of justice in the recog nition and payment of a sacred debt When reduction of taxation is to Le made, the Republican party can be trusted to accomplish it in such a form as will most effectively aid the industries of the Nation. OCR FOREIGN COMMERCE. A frequent accusation by our op ponents is that the foreign commerce of the country has steadily decayed under tbe influence of the Protective Tariff. In this way they seek to array the importing interests against the Republican party. It is a com mon and yet radical error to con found tbe commerce of the country with its carrying trade an error often committed innocently and sometimes designedly but an error so gross that it dees not distinguish between the ship and the cargo. For eign commerce represents tne ex ports and imports of a country, re gardless of the nationality of the vessel that may carry the commodi ties of exchange. Our carrying trade has from obvious causes suffered many discouragements since IjSGO, but our foreign commerce has in the same period steadily and prodig iously increased, indeed, at a rate and to an amount which absolutely dwarf all previous developments of our trade beyond the sea. From 18G0 to the present tirab the foreign com merce of the United States (divided with approximate equality between exports and imports;, reached the astounding aggregate of twenty-four thousand millions of dollars ($24, 000,000,000). The balance of this vast commerce inclined in our favor but i; would have been much larger if our trade with the countries of America, elsewhere referred to, had been more wisely adjusted. It is difficult even to appreciate the magnitude of our export trade since 1S00, and we can gain a correct conception of it only by comparison with preceding results in the same field. The total exports from the United States Irom the Declaration of Independence in 176G down to the day of Lincoln' election in 1SG0 added to all that had been previous ly exported from the American colonits from their original settle raeit amounted to less than nine thousand millions of dollare ($9,000, 000,000). On the other hand our exports from 1SG0 to the close of the last fiscal year exceeded twelve thousand millions of dollars ($12, 000,000,000) the whole of it being the product of American labor. Evidently a Protective Tarifl has not injured our export trade when, under its influences, we exported in twenty-four years 40 per cent more than the total amount that had been exported in the entire previous his tory of American commerce. All the details, w!:en analyzed, corres pond with this gigantic result The ' commercial cities of the Union nev er had such growth as they have j tnpyed oince lSoO. Our chief em porium, the City of New York, with its dependencies, has witLin that period doubled her population and increased her wealth fivefold. Dur ing the same period the imports and exports which have entered and left her harbor are more than double in bulk and value the whole amount exported by her between the settle ment of the first Dutch colony on the Island of Manhattan, and tbe outbreak lSUO. of the Civil War in AGRICrLTVKE AND THE TARIFF. The agricultural interest is by far the largest in the Nation, and is en titled in every adjustment of the revenue laws to the first considera tion. Any policy hostile to tbe full est development of agriculture in the United States must be abandoned. Realizing this fact the opponents of the present system have labored very earnestly to persuade the farmers of the United .States that they are robbed by a Protective Tariff, and the effort is thus made to consolidate their vast influence in favor of Free Trade. But happily the farmers of America are intelligent and canDot be misled by sophistry when con clusive facts are before them. They see plainly that during the past twenty-four years wealth has not j been acquired in one section or by one interest at the expense of anoth er section or another interest They see that the agricultural States have made even more rapid progress than the manufacturing States. Tbe farmers see that in 1SC0 Mas sachusetts and Illinois had about the same wealth between eight and sine hundred million dollars each and that in 1S80 Massachusetts had advanced to twenty -six hundred millions, while Illinois had advanc ed to thirty-two hundred millions They see that New Jersey and Iowa were just equal in population in 1800 and that in twenty years the wealth of New Jersey was increased by tbe sum of eight hundred and fifty millions of dollars, while tbe wealth of Iowa was increased by the sum of fifteen hundred millions, They see that the nine leading ag- ricultural States of the West have j grown so rapidly in prosperity that f tne aggregate addition to tneir weaitu since 1S0 is almost as great as the wealth of the entire country in that year. They see that the South, which is almost exclusively agri cultural, haa shared in the general prosperity, and that, having recov ered from the loss and devastation of war, has gained so rapidly that its total wealth is at least the double of that which it possessed in 1SG0, exclusive of slaves. In these extraordinary develop ments the farmers see the helpful impulse of a home market, and they see that the financial and revenue system, enacted since the Republi can party came into power, has es tablished and constmtly expanded the home market They see that eyen in the case of wheat, which is our chief cereal export, they have sold, in the average of the years since the close of the war, three bushels at home to one they have sold abroad, and that in the case of corn, the only other cereal which we ex port to any extent, one hundred bushels have been used at home to three and a half bushels exported. In some yeara the disparity has been so great that for every peck of corn exported one hundred bushels have been consumed in the home market The farmers see that in the increasing competition from the grain fields of Russia aad from the distant plains of India, the growth of the home market becomes daily of greater concern to them, and that its impairment would depreciate the value of every acre oftilable land in the Union. OUR INTERNAL COMMERCE. Such facts as these touching the growth and consumption of cereals at home give us some light concep tion of the vastness of the internal commerce of the United States. They suggest, also, that, in addition to the advantages which the Ameri can people enjoy from protection against foreign competion, they en joy the advantages of absolute Free Trade over a larger area and with a greater population than any other nation. The ioternal commerce of our thirty-eight States and nine Ter ritories is carried on without let or hindrance, without tax, detention, or Governmental interference of any kind whatever. It spreads freely over an area of three and a half mil lion square miles almost fqual in extent to the whole continent of Eu rope. Its profits are enjoyed to day by fifty -six millions of American freemen, and from this enjoyment no monopoly is created. According to Alexander Hamilton,, when he discussed the same subject in 1790, "the internal competion which takes place does away with every thing like monopoly, and by degrees reduces the prices of articles to the minimum of a reasonable profit on the capital employed." It is impos-; sible to point to a single monopoly in tbe United States that has been created or fostered by the industrial system which is upheld by the Ue publicon party. Compared with our foreign com merce these domestic exchanges are inconceivably great in amount re quiring merely as one instrumen tality as large a mileage of railway as exists to-day in all the other na tions of the world combined. These internal changes are estimated by the Statistical Bureau cf the Treasu ry Department to be annually twen ty times as great in amount &3 our foreign commerce. It is into this vast field of home trade at once the creation 'and the heritage of the American people that foreign na-j tions are striving by every device to enter. It is into this field that the j opponents of our present revenue system would freely admit the coun tries of Europe countries into whose internal trade we could not reciprocally enter ; countries to which we should be surrendering every advantage of trade; from which we phould be gaining nothing in return. EFFECT I'PON THE MECHANIC AND THE LABORER. A policy of this kind would be disastrous to the mechanics and workingmen of the United States. Wages are unjustly reduced when an industrious man is not able by his earnings to live in comfort, edu cate his children, and lay by a suf ficient amount for the necessities of aire. The reduction of wages inevi tably consequent upon throwing onr home market open to the world, would deprive them of the power to do this. It would prove a great ca lamity to our country. It would produce a conflict between the poor and the rich, and in the sorrowful degradation of labor would plant the seeds of public danger. The Republican party has steadily aimed t j maintain just relations be- ! tween hibor and capital guarding with care the rights of each. A con flict between the two has always led in the past and will always lead in the future to the injury of both. Labor is indispensible to the creation and profitable use of capital, and capital increases the efficiency and value of labor. Whoever arrays the one against the other is an enemy of both. That policy is wisest and best which harmonizes the two on the basis of absolute justice. The Re publican party has protected the free labor of America so that its compensation is larger than is realiz ed in any other country. It has guaranteed our people against the unfair competition of contract labor from China, and mav be called upon to piohibit the growth of a similar evil from Lurope. It is obviously unfair to permit capitalists to make contracts tor cheap labor in foreign countries to the hurt and disparage ment of the labor cf American citi zens. Such a policy (like that which would leave the time and other con ditions of home labor exclusively in the control of the employer) is inju rious to all parties not the least so to the unhappy persons who are made the subjects of the contract The institutions of the United States rest upon the intelligence and virtue of all the teonle. Suffrage is made universal as a just weapon of self-! protection to every citizen. It is not to the interest of the Republic that any economic system should be adopt era ed which involves the reduction of wages to the hard standard prevail ing elsewhere. 1 he Republican par ty aims to elevate and dignity labor not to degrade it As a substitute for the industrial system, which under Republican administrations has developed such extraordinary prosperity, our oppo nents offer a policy which is but a series of experiments upon our sys tem of revenue a policy whose end must be harm to our manufacturers and great harm to our labor. Ex periment in the industrial and fin nancial system is the country's great est dread, as stability is its greatest boon. Pen the uncertainty resulting from the recent Tariff agitation yj Congress ha3 hurtfully affected the business of the entire country. Who can measure the harm to our shops and our farms and our commerce, if the uncertainty of perpetual Tariff agitation is to be inflicted upon the country ? We are in tLe midst of an abundant harvest : we are on the eve of a revival of general prosperity. Nothing stands in our way but the dread of a change in the industrial system which has wrought such wonders in the last twenty years, and which, with the power of in creased capital, will work still great er marvels of prosperity in the twen ty years to come. OUR FOREIGN POLICY. Our foreign relations favor our domestic development We are at peace with the world at peace upon a sound basis, with no unsettled questions of sufficient magnitude to embarrass or distruct us. Happily removed by our geographical posi tion from participation or interest in those questions of dynasty or boundary which so frequently dis turb tbe peace of Europe, we are left to cultivate friendly relations with all, and are free from possible I entanglements in tne quarreis oi any The L mted fctates has no cause an no desire to engage m conflict with , any power on eartn, and we may rest in assured confidence that m power desires to attack the United States. With the nations of the Western Hemisphere we should cultivate closer relations, and for our common prosperity and advancement we should invitethem all to join with us in an agreement that for the fu ture all international troubles in North or South America shall be adjusted by impartial arbitration and not by arms. This project was part of the fixed policy of President Garfiel's administration, and it should, in my judgment, be renew ed. Its accomplishment on this continent would favorably affect the nations beyond the sea. and thus powerfully contribute at no distant day to the uniyersal acceptance of the philanthropic and Christian principle of arbitration. The effect even of suggesting it for the Spanish American State3 has been most hap py, and has increased the confidence of those people in our friendly dis position. It fell to mv lot as Secre tary of State in June 1SS1, to quiet apprehension in the Republic of Mexico, by giving the assurance in an official dispatch that "there is not the faintest desire in the United States for territorial extension south of the Rio Grande. The boundaries of the two republics have been estab lished in conformity with the best jurisdictional interests of both. The line ot demarkation is not merely conventional. It is more. It sepa rates a Spanish-American people from a Saxon-American people. It divides one great nation from anoth er with distinct and natural final ity." V e seek the conquests ot peace. We desire to extend our commerce, and in an especial decree with o ur friends and neighbors on this con tinent We have not improved our relation with Spanish-America as wisely and as persistently as we might haye done. For more than a generation tbe sympathy of those countries ha3 been allowed to drift away from us. We should now make every effort to gain their friendship. Our trade with them is already large. During the last year our exchanges in the Western Hem isphere amounted to three hundred and fifty millions ot dollars nearly one-fourth of the entire foreien com merce. To those who may be dis posed to underrate the value of our trade with the countries of North and South America, it may be well to state that their population is nearly or quite fifty millions, and that, in proportion to aggregate num-1 hers, we import nearly double as; much from them a3 we do from, I entered Congress in IS'm, andin Europe. But the result of the whole i a somewhat prolonged service I i.-v-American trade is in a hign degree j et : foun,j it ex pi din; t to request or unsatisfactory. The imports during : recommend tne rein. ival of'a civil the past year exceeded two hm.dred . oflicer, except in four ii.tances, and and twenty-five millions, while the i lnen for r,0D-political reasons which exports were iess than one hundred ; were instantly conclusive with and twenty-five millions, showing a j the aDPointiuz power. The officers oaiance arain.-i us oi more man one , n But hundred millions of dollars. B tbe money does not go to Span America. We send large sums to Lurope in coin or its equivalent, to pay European manufacturers for the goods which they send to tpanisH America. e are dih paymasters for this enormous amount annually . i - e . to European factors an amount which is a serious draft, in eyery financial depression, upon our re sources of specie. Cannot this condition of trade in great part be changed? Cannot the market for products be greatly en larged ? We have made a beginning in our enort to improve our trade relations with Mexico, and we should not be content until similar and mu tually advantageous arrangemen haye been successively made with j arKj impressed me with the convic evtry nation of North and South :on that the rule of impartial ap- Amenca. bile the great powers of Europe are steadily enlarging their colonial domination in Asia and Africa it is the especial province of this country to improve and ex pand its trade with the nations of America. ro neid promises so mucn. jno neid nas oeen cultivated : for their country s interests, 'their , con9ering it to be the duty o; ev so little. Our foreign policy should j in:eliicence and competency become ' rv mtxn devoting himself to tbe be an American policy in its broad- th erefore, matters of great public , pQ0ijc service to assume any posi estandmo8tcomprehensiveser.se j concern. No man should be ap-1 llon to wbicb be may l called by a policy of peace, of friendship, of j nointxl to an American consulate1 vr-i i.t his conntrvmen, I ac- commercial enlarement The name of American which be longs to Uf in our National capacity must always exalt the just pride of patriotism. Citizenship of the Re- IT WIIOLE NO. 1724. public must be the panoply and safeguard of him who wears it The American citizen, rich or poor, na tive or naturalized, while or colored, must everywhere walk secure in his personal and civil rights. The Re public should never accept a lesser duty, it can never assume a nobler one, than the protection ol the hum blest man who owes it loyalty protection at home, and protection which shall follow him abroad, into whatever land ho may go upon a lawful errand. THE SOUTHERN STATES. I recognize, not without regrec, tho necessity for speaking of two sections of our common country. But the regret diminishes when I see that the elements which separa ted them are fast disappearing. Prejudices have yielded and are yieleing, while a growing cordiality warms the Southern and the North ern heart alike. Can any one doubt I tnat between tne sections confidence and esteem are to-day more marked than at any peiiod in the sixty years preceding the election of President Lincoln 'I This is the result in part of time and part of Republican prin ciples applied under the favorable conditions of uniformity. It would be a g'eat calamity to change these influences nnder which Southern Commonwealths are learning to vin dicate civil rights, and adapting themselves to tne conditions of po litical tranquility and industrial progress. If there be occasional and yiolent outbreaks in the South against this peaceful progress, the public opinion of the country regards them as exceptional and hopefully trusts that each will prove the last The South needs capital and oc cupation, not controversy. As much as any part of the North, the South needs the full protection of the rev- nue laws which the Republican , ! party offers. Some of the Southern A "J..." 1 irp,ir wl.,,,,', nn,i ,n,... !,, 1.. .. 1 ....... prosperity, these, at least, shoald not lead their electoral votes to de stroy their own future. Any effort to unite the Southern States upon issues that grow out of the memories of the war, n i!l s'un mon the Northern States t combine in the assertion of that nationality which was their inspiration in the Civil struggle. And thus great en ergies which should be united in a common industrial development will be wasted in hurtful strife. The Democratic party shows itself a foe to Southern prosperity by always invoking and urging Southern polit ical consolidation. Such a policy quenches the rising instinct of patri otism in the heart of the Southern youth ; it revives and stimulates the spirit of barbaric vengence for the love of peace, progress, and har mony. THE CIVIL SERVICE. service of the United States under all administrations has been honor able. In the one supreme fact the collection and disburse orient of revenue the record of fidelity has never been surpassed in any nation. With the almost fabulous sums which were received and paid during the late war scrupulous integrity was the prevailing rule. Indeed, through out that trying period, it can be said to the honor of the American name that unfaithfulness and dishonesty among civil officers were as rare as misconduct and cowardice on the field of battle. The gr cwth of the country has ! continually and necessarily enlarg- i ed the civil service until now it in-1 eludes a v.-ist body of officers. Rules anu t: -thods of appointment which prevailed when the number was smaller have been found insuf ficient and impracticable, and earnest efforts have been made to separate the great mass of ministerial officers from partisan influence and person al control. Impartiality in the mode of appointment to be based on qual ification, and securitv of tenure to be based on faithful discharge of I citizens to those enterprises would dntv, re the two ends to be accom- have carried our ehip to every sea tdiahed. The public business will and to every port. A law just enac be aided by separating the legislative jtfd removes some of the burdens branch of the Government from all upon our navigation and inspires control of appointment-, and the j bene that tbi.s great interest may at Executve Department will be re- last receive its due share of attention, lieved by subjecting appointments j All efforts in tbis direction should to fixed "rules, and thus removing j receive encouragement them from tbe caprice of favoritism. : sacrednes3 or the ballot. But there should be rigid observance Tbis eurvey cf our condition as a of tbe law which gives m all cases r:i,;nn reminds cs that -Material of equal competency the preference to the soldiers who risked I I.' f . 1 I ib,! i;Ves in defence of the Unin. in the district appointed bo Mr I.n- j j coin in l vil upon the recommenda- j "sh-jtionofmy predecessor, served ' a rule until death n adoFt-d at the beginning of I , gervj,ct. the tet ofcompetitiveexarni-; i nation f r appointments to est ; p0 nt. and maintained it so ions; as , j caj the right bv law to nominate : . . . - - f a cadet, in tne esse oi many In the esse of many ofB- j cere I found that the present law j which arbitrarily limits the term of the commission offered a constant j temptation to changes for mere: political reasons. I have pablicly ! expressed tbe beliet that the essen-! tial modification of that law would be in many respects advantageous. v t . i .: . i . T v., .... I Aiv ouseiv anon in uic icuoii-i ' -sent of State confirmed the conclu- Visions ot my legislative experience,; pointment might with advantage be; carried beyond any existing provis- j ion of tbe Civil Service Law. It ! should be applied to appointments ; in the consular service. Consuls should be commercial sentinels ?n rirrlin-r the rrlobe with watchfulness ! who is not well instructed in the historv and resources cf his own country, and in the requirements and in the requirements and language of commerce' in the country to which he is sent j The game rule should be applied even more rigidly to Secretaries of legation m our diplomatic service. The people have the right to the most efficient ap-ents in th d'aohnro-o of public business, and the ap- poiiuiiiu power snonld regard this as the prior and ulterior con sideration. THE MOKMOX QUESTION. Religious liberty is the right of every citizen of the Republic. Con-' gress is forbidden by the Constitu tion to make any law "respectin-.; the establishment of religion, or pro hibiting the free exercise thereof." For a century, under this guarantee Protestant and Catholic, Jew and Gentile, have worshiped God accor ding to the dictates of conscience. But religious liberty must not be perverted to the justification of of fences against the law. A religious sect strongly intrenched in one of the territories of the Union, and spread ing rapidly Into four other Territo ries, claims the right to destroy the great safeguard and muniment of so cial order, and to practice as a relig ious privilege that which is a crime punished with severe penalty in every State of the Union. The sa credness and unity of the family must be preserved as the foundation of all civil government, as the source of orderly administration, as the surest guarantee of moral purity. The claim of the Mormons that they are divinely authorized to prac tice polygamy should no more be admitted than the claim of certain heathen tribes, if they should come among us, to continue the right of human sacrifice. The law does not interfere with what a man believes; it takes cognizance of only what he does. As citizens, the Mormons ars entitled to the same civil rights as others, and to these they muat be confined. Polygamy can never re ceive national sanction or toleration by admitting the community that upholds it as a State in the Union. Like others, the Mormons must learn that the liberty of the individ ual ceases where the rights of socie ty begin. OUR CURRENCY. The people of the United States though often urged and tempted, haye never seriously contemplated the recognition of any other money than gold and silver and currency directly convertible into them. They have not done so, under any necessity less pressing than that of desperate war. The one special re quisite for the completien of our monetary system is the fixing of the relative values of silver as the money of account among Asiatic nations, taken in connection with the increasing commerce of the world gives the weightiest reasons for an international aggreement in the premises. Our Government -should not cease to urge this meaiure until a common standard of value shall be reached and established a standard that shall enable the United States to use the silver from its iaines as an auxiliary to gold in settling the balances of commercial exchange. TIE PUBLIC LANDS. The strength of the Republic is increased by the multiplication of land-holders. Our laws should look to the judicious encouragement of actual settlers on the public doiaain which should henceforth be held as j a sacred trust for the benefit of those seeking hom. The tendency to consolidate large tracts of land in the ownership of individuals or cor porations should, with proper regard to vested rights, be discouraged. One hundred thousand acres of lands in the hands of one man it far less j prnntaw. to tne nation in every way man wnen us ownersnip is ui- viued among one thousand men. The evil of permitting large tracts of the National domain to be consoli dated and controlled by the few against the many is enhanced when the persons controlling it are alien. It is but fair that the public land should be disposed of only to act ual settlers and to those who are citizens of the Republic, or willing to become so. OUR SHIPPING INTERESTS. Among our National interests one languishes the foreign carrying trade. It was very seriously crip- pled in our civil war, and another blow wa given to it in the general "ubstitution ef steam for sail in ocean traffic. With a frontage on the two gereat oceans, with a freigh tage larger than that of any other nation, we have every induce ment to restore our navigation. Yet the Government has hitherto refused its help. A small share of the encouragement given by the Government to railways and to man ufactures and a small share of the capital and the zeal given by our Dr,jeperi ty i3 but a mockery if it does ' . . ft . 4" the people. A free ballot is the safe- ! guard of republican institutions, without which no national welfare ! is assured. A popular election, ! honestly conducted, embodies the ! very majesty f true government ! Tui millions of voters desire to take i part in "tbe pending contest. The - r .i. r i l : . . ... . suieiV CI me iicuuuiic icsia ujwu ii!ltrty than to extract the deposit f ar,iocest v.te. He who corrupts B ,. strikes at the very root of ifree -rovernment He i3 the arch enemy of the Republic. He forgets that in trampling upon the rights of others be fatally imperils his own rights. "It is a good land which the Lord our God doth give us," but we can maintain our heritage only ny r,uar(w with yigilence the ieuroe of .i9P wpr. T am. with ereat , ik r ' 1 respect, 1 our obedient servant, TlVirqC PiI.AINE. A u4a j, jBj 15, 1&S4. general Logan's letter. Washington. July 19,1584. Dear Sib Having received from you on hg 24th of June tbe cflicial notification of my nomination by the 'ational Republican Convention 5 the Republican candidate for Vice iwi.it f th. Unitad States, and C(,t the nomination with a grattlul I .nT Dd a deep sense of its respon- j BT,!ities -. and if elected thad en- ; gioilities : and , (CVnuniW on Fourth Fage.) lhe j'ntrritv of the ballot, upon the B(.,,rjtv fcf suffrage to the citizen, jo deporit a fraudulent vote is no
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