u Terms of Publication. tv a pa . rIorn'.:iir is 8 I , , , - 1 4 V ...... -? SO . 3':'. I'll. I! pj tl la ativaa-etotoei ,..-- . iUStic.trts'oy' elnirpeO. I Xj sa"-i.e.-iptkp be urfcontiuscl bbUJ ail r- j , -antre. Jre ptU ;. s!ina.tel ueX'-w j a .:ify cs when aubscrfher J t tk vaii-wlr j Pa-,ers wl'l be fceiJ liable f.r the rel-rvripaua. . .nvr.-lns from one i ( u the wr cl tan l l-V.-i lift fs I t M it V 4 mer TT 8 (O i Y Oi 1 c ! dietary in soaio of :U States have sas 1 tained every grant of power to tat. ' whercthe amount to be raised was to ! be dedicated to a public improvement, jeven if thebeneSt wad reaiot! and contingent, as ia the construction of railways, at a distance from a city to 1 divert trade to its marts and other 'like projects. A well known and We writer asserts, that our citus a. 2 prey ci jobbers, and the curse uzz.e of our civilization, ana ! Vr . v-r s'i . c;i a? I privc present Somerset Printing '.rcss C0T:?any, ERTApLIKIIED, 18,2 7. a the and j. tj3atl1 iscore tic resultof the sys tem than c iau'1 loe Cl1 7 Honest me. " ad 7 S- ; islstion, but JUHX I. StCLI, Pustnees Ma.ns-er. VOL. XXIV. NO. 31. SOMERSET, PA., WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 12 , 1870. Curdi. Bank. Y. 11. J'fSTLLTUWAITK. ? So'TierSC'. I r 1 ..licl:eti a-i puaema ATTCUXEr . t-i-mitl busi- -.'".JL!AM 13. KOONTZ, imRXEVAT j-i.l t!i? u-lj lii u u .u -e i:i. j. s KtSKii. A ll'( I'a., will tivr in aiH k.tra- KEV AT LA W, Cambria County BANK, r av. keim tt co., 0. 266 JIAIX fiTREET, JO , PA. , j Henry SclinaMe- Brirk liuiMlng. icc. ! A ik a-ral Raiting Businoss Transacted. L'ALEXTIXE HAY. J. .tn I l't.i!-r in r- nl r:x'e, :i l to ail lu:ii- .iini'.' ATTon.VEl' AT LAW, ATTOKXLY AT LAW fa., ,i Kin- i'li 1 r"1 '!i.U. l'rults iui'1 (toM an.! Siirer houirlit n;1 ..IJ. 1'i'hfii " ia all prt of the VnltiM Stat in:rt.vi niii weu nt ir.e raie 01 six if Irit MUctllaiiutUi. .PPLETOXS' AMERICAN CYCLOPAEDIA NEW REVISED EDITION. EntliMlr rewritten by the bien writers on erery r uiijCT-t. frmtfl I rm new type, ami Illustrated WilU several tliuuiana eugmviugs aiiU uupi. The work .riinally ublisheJ and or the title of IHS ltW Ajlt-llllAM tVCUIMWA WH CUUJlJiei- e lmlsi, tuiee which time the wide circulation which il has attained in all rtof the Lnlte-I State?, ana the ..liusl uevch.jiuients which have jli .rii i6-:a. Nu3i?ret. i'a. I'1 io m ' care atteii'ie i in Ri 1I..1I t.a'incfs 1 1 r.i!ni'.iif emu. . hiieiity. A. II. fnrl-Ki-' IKFKOI 11 . A:. i'U:ut vr. R. ErrrKL. r.rrrKU ATTor.xr.Ys at cnlrj.''.f l t tlioiresirewin :tllv ntl-n irl M. t!,e MiLUUl-Jlil lU'K'k. .1 uii h. r;iL. attokm-.y atlav.s":.i- ,-r-ct !., w.ii .ra.ti ieti'S 1 :ru'!-i t.i lii:u. M"ii' y ifivau. c.t i.uc-..4.- tiL.n o:bee in Mau.:n..lb Uuit lit.;. l r wiu ! nuuut. u leit jix m.tM r wr. i k ; , to ontmh of eien.-e, literature. ieui atrar-m-nt. inM wnn uttirutio ana . an)Ur; tov, mauied the editor, and i-ubhsheni otaer wlc !i, i,l UL.ncys intnw!. r.rT. .. ... ih.,r,.nh revision, and i UM-ue a new cd.Uhn,Gnlltied I'Hi. AmjlUICAX Cv- - j CLiP.tlA. ) Within the last ten years the pmsrew of dia- j ewery in every depannieni 01 an.iwieciuo nag n u - 1 1 . i wi.rL .! rlirin aa imot-rative want. The movement of political a Hair? has kept pace I wiih the Discoveries ol science, and their Iruniul j application ui the Industrial and uselul rti. and I tita camveuienee and rehuement ol aoc.al lite. I Great wans and consequent revolutions nave oc ; curred, involving; naikmal chanca ol pcculbir mi ! nicnt. The civil war ol our ou country, which I was at its height when the last volume of the old work appeared, Uas nappuy ueen enoeu, aim a Ursina Lime Kilns. I Tici arc prcf.iti , tofurnish nUdins? Line a diiM. .'i le;.':' I'" i".i::i:ry. "1 Liu- lii. l!..u-e. will cor.:! re ht i.fie.-l-4ul sc. v.- i ...oktsci an.! narnwin lime j M pi.tce. a lev. c.r.- c:i.-i 1 ;.r!L r.uru aki:i; ten.!r hi sti. ti.eei:itii ol S-inen-ci atid U'-m- l ia.ee m '.esl.Icncc. vuc '.c.'. lit u. r.:il ...t il.c lir-r J AMES L. l'LUll. a r !. ". In Cr..- I, tK- t.:i'.:i:n xey at lav. Mamm.-ih Bin '.i.n-. !c. cs- ..'i I all mm By the Gar Load. Cr-i-.Ts Rcnpc-ctf'aliy Solicited. k. j. i:.itzi:r a co. i J3H?. DISZRT. JOHN D. ROBERTS. ' JOHN DIBERT & CO., BANKERS IX '.. KI .IX r rc - '! to t .- i n ; n. 1. IL. ATTl UXKY AT LWV, l'.l.. Will .itTCI... IO .ill 1U!I!'-? n- ire in :m r l:.;..l ..' .r.iini r'::i:'; !c and n icii'.y. , -c in l.i:n- KMtV K. SI ill LL li.u:;:v ami fa. '""" 1" .da'olilo. i. I I UN It i I .1-1 td.. 1 : i.- ATTi'KXLY AT LAV,' e::si.1l AS-ul. S. no r? -t lic-tt. J-i- II-' I. P -.:I-KLliA!TMl. rriii.ii a. " vir; I K 'Mi r-l. I'i nil'.. , r. o.pMvallcn . ::. li'J PATL 11. MA Kii. A't -rin? i-i Is. ..i irsi s."ii,ii i'U::i c in J:.ilT"s ill.h. .i. . ii. 1.A W. : tot ai iu w l. i: r.t ltd! ATT'i iiiN L V S j !-..i :i in .-' f. All i'li-lncrs tlv al'.cU'H-'l Lo. AT Ui.. Cl IU.1XS. t-c HI 1 !;1M'!. 1 ? ;-.U 1 i T r i .-? UKX i vr'f l;: k'-. Ar:::. '.ijtfi.ll.il!-' ;i-i sr. S'-nt'Tsi-t. -.-k. up f:ii:r-. prepn-d l" i:i;i !!!'. cl 1 U 111 -P. lU.o ol r.i.ic!. CJES liAIl, AM STREETS, JOHNSTOWN, PA. V (;: u ti r .,Iori-!i:t Js si:id j oil. Dralf iK'ot iablo in all I pitrts oTHtt' coiiiilry for t:t!e. .'Ituioj laiifi itiici Collct'lioiix i .1ia:!'. Intorot iU Hie rale of Si lvr ti I . prr siniiiini sil . ttii'i ; 'I iiiic l iKi!s. Sitting Ifsll ItoUi isu--(!.:! ml l!if-r-sl ('i!twicidt'r St'i:ti-iiiiiiali. lu'ii l'.ir'l. A i;'iiT!il !!-.ifi!i:! !tu!U'- I ntu!iriil. r. :.. n. Nlijr . i..r l--'k i l';.:i;.,r-. S' ". P. i;nu :n e ii:i .i.) c i.L.H CO.. New York 'ii:aii.i:.ir !.":. : Y. mj -;: 'WiLji c st of atlvi-r-ja:il3 s. PHYSICIAN - r. SI loih V.- A. S in C'Oil I'T di.y. Agents w ictcd. All l" ..ias-CS ol K v 1 S-'St'S. I lor u- "U1.2: itr.'l . r ernpi ir 1. l W. M MA 111 IN, v!-'ii, r r. U.S.-:: orkiiiie KM'.!coI both ui.i, n;;iKv" m-ire iitumy at irk n:i Iti'.'.t 1 1 1 it'?, ilurinz 'Ai--r piu ru t; tii -in ar.v I Mtii; tl-"1. Wo ibiit will puy ii:nc?-'!ii'lT for k. Full itr:it Uir. tvrm?. inf., : yi 'ir a-!'!rtr-:it tiff. I'.u't le'iini-. F..n"t lj k tr W'rlt or u:i il you hxvv lrtni'l wli.it s.'N a. i., I' TiLu !, Ma. li u- Ariiii f.-Ui Mill- i-.-Tk. r 11 u 'r-.a Ui ''if. ir i-nr' cxrl( v'. tUi;; J rc l 1 r;iii"Ti upii tiif i.-ihIi. r'.' ! n iti ili laipr.'Ve I ii--t. l'r s -rvtt.!ii ni t'n nt- !: v. 1 wo 1it v.p.t :i;f D'r ;:ee ol tn 1 ;.-. lo '. . I Oce If. : il .ue. t: l.'r:e f '' .. i. M ILLK11, aftir twih ' c'ive praciice In Shankfvl'.lc. 1." vv.lv !.!.: Ut at Sotiier-cl l"r the pm '. ami t.-ndera jolci-si. :ti?'-iiS "I Soiii''i'.:cl mid vi it lirutr Si. .re. i.li:e the -. cil ri-lv. can ie cujiaiict. v ciiir::lfe'l. rmiptly asiwcrel n.itv. K;t met at all timet: I)!ICFESSI()NAL. i j,,, ;e..r-.- H. FaH''.oN'ot. of ci Iiilorni- t is :ri..;id that he i.Hi ll.is . .. .td with I im.-el! in tt.e jraeti-e "t m s:ir: iTt. 1... SCI. IT. Uf-.ter 1 . f ': e--i. IV H So le. .It .r.c Tlf. .ur-celi l LJie .eiv Yoiiv i:.e i l..tr InlirL r. tal a' - . I '.1 V l.-.e an i L.T. !:C pit.! to I t re-c Xi iT I " I". Alex in aie.l tio. 1 r..cti eoutiri.s. i 'li Tu. icr 11 law il io M.i r.c .iisca.ti's '.."ritn tii .lli ;n;i K. Ill.LKi: has jHTtnnn.T.tlyl" rlial Tiliv praetii-e o! In ; n ss ute t'liarl.-s hr.rMnacr's store. "TO-K. JOHN r.ILLS, nw .ni Ala in I'r-.-s Si Somerc tr. I'Ct. I'a YTiriC AL TEETH I) TP a a 'I' I S T 'IT, D. KNOX MILLER, .'4!:miiti:ct, 4& No.t.SlXTil STllhF.T, t, riTrsisrr.GH. T!IE ey tosie bavin? r.'C:j:etsitbe , L1L1E r.rc now .rciare.l to Fill nil orders for L I M E 1 new course ol Commercial and Uiduirial activity j has been commenced. ! Larite aca-essious toonr (teotrraiihlcal knowletige ; have oeen made by the ludetati(jatle eiplorernof . Atrica. Tne (Treat pTitical revolailoiis of thelastdceade, ; with the natural result ol the lapse of time, have : brought Into view a multitude ol new nien, w hoae ' name are io every one'smoutrt. and of wh'ise lives j every one is curious to know the particulars. Great ! batilcs have been lounut and imp-irtant sieirea j maiutained, o! wtiich the details areas yet pre I Krved only in the newspapers or in the transient ! pul.lici'ioii? ol the day, but which oui;ht now to take their place in jiermaneni auu auineuiii; uib tory. Ill preparing the present ctl'.tion Torthe press, It I has actMroiitciy been thealm ol theeultors lo bring i di wn the iulormatiun to the latest possible dates, i and to furnish an accurate account of ihe most re- cent dtseoverief In science, ol every Iresh pro.luc I lion in u hrature. and ol the newcei Inventions in ; the practical arts, as well as to itive a succinct and ! orm.n.il reconl ol the progress ot political and his ' t'tri'-al events. The work has been beu-un f ,CK a'1 eare'ul preliutiiiarv latior, and with me most ample re st, urccs lor "carryine ii on to a euccestlui turmina-tit-ii. None e.f the cr;i;ir.al stereotype plaics have been used, but every page has been printed on new tvpe. loruiiii!! in lact a new t'yclopa.-dia, with the s'a.ne olan au.l eomimss as its predecessor, but with a lar jrrtater pecuniary expen'titure, and with such improvements m bs com position as have lieen f-.iirxesteU by longer eipvricnce and enlarged knowletiife. f lic Illustrations which are Introduced for the firit time in ihe prest nt ettiiion have Iwen ;uldei not lor the snkeoi nictorhil etlect, but touivelu- eiility n:vl loree to tiie explanations tnlhetext. They emnracc all (.ranches ol science and of natu rtil liisiorv. an. I dcioet the moot lanious and re uitirkahlc f aturcs of scenery, architecture and art, as well aste various processes ol mechanics ami manufacturers. Although intended for in st ruction r.nlier thin emlHllisbmeiit, no pains have been simre.1 to Insure their artistic eicci-b-ii'-c; the cost o their e xct-ution is enormous, and it is tMtlicvcd they will lin-J a welcome reception as an a-tinim-le Icaturetd the Cyclopaedia, aud wor thvof lis biarh eh irtwter. T liis work Is sold lo sultscriliers only, payable on delivery oi each volume. Ii will le coiupleie-J in sUteeri lare octavo v.. lutnes, each couiiilnlug h m mj pa.-, tully iliutalet!, with several ibou.-aii 1 i ts.tl Kntrravinics, and with numerous colored Lithographic Maps. I'KH.'E .VXD STYLE OF LIXUINQ. In extra (.Moth, per vol $ S in Lii.rary I-ail-er. fjr Vol In liall TTurUey Morrtjcco, per vol 7 In Hal! liusshi, extra uilt. iter vol 8 In full Mornsvti, antique, gilt edges, per vol . JO In lull liusia. x r vol 1U Thirteen volumes now ready. SucceedinR volumes un'il it,'U;il"titn. will be issued once In two months. ,Seoinicn pairs of tlie American ('yclopje- iia. showing type, ilitistralions, etc., will be sent gri'is on application. First claes caavassinir agents wantetl. AJtln-ss J. M. WILLIAMSON. As-nt, No. 10H Sixth St.. l'lttsburgh, I'a. i!ec2 MES S E OF John F. Hartranft TO TIIE General Assembly OF PENNSYLVANIA, .January 4, 1876. (Jentlemrn of the Senate and Houxe of Brjircgciilaliveii: We have assembled to dedicate ourselves anew to the performance of the duties of the responsible trusts confided to our care. We cannot be unmindful of the magnitude of these trusts aud the wisdom and courage necessary to administer them with fidelity and justice, and that we may not be wanting in our conception of, or halt in our efforts to enforce what Interest on publia debt. Surplus. isoanoo 00 ' 1.55O.0O3 00 It will thus bo seen witb the pres ent distribution of the revenues, there will remain each year in the Sinking Fund, after the payments which the Constitution requires, over a million and a quarter of dollars, and when it is remembered that the amount of interest to be paid will annually decrease, and the receipts be greater, owing to the natural ac cretion of the taxes, the amount of this balance will be augmented from year to year. If' this surplus is an nually applied to the extinguishment of the debt, a careful calculation will show, that in ten years the entire in debtedness of the State will be re deemed, llowever desirable this re duction may be and gratifying as it certainly wou'd be to the Executive, nnder whose administration a large portion of it would be made, yet the dimiuation of the taxes in 1873, to the amount of one million of dollars, and the five hundred thousand dol lars additional expenses made neces sary by the new Constitution in be half of common schools, the Judi ciary and Legislature, and th3 claims IS IIUl, ICl UB Ittcit-utij .r- iv.. -" . j,. . . . . .j siiiisc sn.loi ucscmuc uuuuv Luauurs, luruiu tins large reduction as tne revenues are now distributed. By another Divine assistance, thai our . .... j i i ccs niav oeenngDiencu a'iu our nearis New Firm. strengthened for the task. FIXAXCE-. The condition of the finances of the State, as exhibited in the subjoin ed s'.atemeuts, demonstrates clearly the ability of our people to pay all their indebtedness as it accrues, and is an interesting commentary upon the s-iinplichy and efficiency f our tax sysictu, but likewise as plainly shuwihe neces-sity for some inodifi caiiou of existioir laws for the distri bution f the revenues, if the difficul ties that beset legislation at the last cess-ion are to be avoided. Debt redeemed duriuir fiscal year eiidinir November 30, 1 S75: Five per cent loan ..... Six H-r cent loan Kciief ntites Interest ctrtiiicate To al $ ftl'112'43 l.iil,oflJ Ti WW 10 48 .3,4!7 63 Receipts durintr fiscal year ending November 30, 1875: Kalanco in Treasury Nov. 3), 1' 1.0'4.6."l 04 llcceip's ." 6.4!u,')99 ' T.,.a: 7,5y e-'OM DIStintSEMEXTS. Or-Unary rvjienses Loans retiecml .... Interest on loans ..",.iiO.:69 ,."l.33.4 M .. Law. ITS -W -j6.Ml,4430 It.r.ance in Treasury Nov. .TO, 175. Vti3,iU7 S? SHOE STOEB, trl.tn ' tbo in Lisi2 F' nattti'io. Uvnrably known in other parts of the ttouii' y as t li l'.t-lcan! Fmehiy I.lnie Stons. Its ipiultty is ui.5"urt.Hse.l, cith-r i'-r Bnilains crlpisral Purposes. A'ii.'r t Jtrs ty llc?;ri:c Janet int fim- Keystone Lime Co. v. i. To" h. tt "I'Vri.i'iV. a .1 t t:e i:;ti Ul . : t.. I.- inc. ANT E D A N E N EEGE TIC man it? ir n'-rl mf-nt in thi ii)trirt, to iritfii' oi .Iiitiy ix io vrrv li.u h"li. A W- y:uirtMc wffU lutf.nf'ff ari l a m"ii iolj that will A i- if XT) ! y I'' T HE SOME! '.SET 31UUS An ae'.iv rr.al.eiil i" closed ion i- iTi::n may ?e-M:rc a --iti- u ly a, tor. -in t.swir. :r.. .Ic c.p.'i ltl SlII'i .: ANH ATTAX .11 A XI FA HTI'KIXG CO. n-J1.:? 117 Ilea le Stftcl, Ne-r Y'ork. li .Tlr." b-..-. 1 I i .p. ny 1 '1 takt s pit U' lie lft-11' T e.K titi? VI L r- I t in a'i. :". '"e!:r an l -r. -:1 It "in .'.lr. I- A. ii.' d. t!.e u .-are in it.;- rtiu:.ir his in. els ar. 1 ally that he w i.i sjaire tii- her sc "t' intiit; tl.is h ."j-e till tittit :!-! i-e t'..!re'1. A.'.-oii'ino'iat.i'ii cler.'.s a-.tl o'ei'it t; p titers i'l atttii-1 to the waiits ! t us-oidf-r.' ctt'l the w.lt at ail tini- !. !:. -.-n w,,i. rise best the mark' afl.Tts. Mr. 'i. H.Taj, wan tnav at till lime- oc I an.! in theeih . uiatr-i H. LA VAX. b '-Li . pre,- !! men tne late r ot-3 I . 1 1 N 1 S T H A T 0 i L a NOTICE. ct Ia-.i; Sir: ffer.i of Talnl tetviisl.lp, lt,-C1'.lSe.l. ttrJ tl a'tntiititiratii n en t'ne attuve estate i; cr tntcd toti.e nnoereiirr.ei!, notice is u to those iti'lci'ied to ii to make imme- ti'. an I those haviux claims against ttnieni duly amiientteatetl fur seiili- i"iroay. the a.lh .lay of Nov., 175, at i.f.nee O Sji'! tl.-e.rt liiil AM Sit AFFF.R, tidtninistraittr. D IAM0ND HOTEL. i BULE3, - lv.-uUtl.il! I.'.ll' Tanp aiel l T'i u I. rl.' i. of Hy.w iniiis, , sent 1-o-vam? sroivrou.v im. ami :::, ci stiu:, v. PLANTS f-i.j. SNYDER & UHL lliivin inrcli:isetl the M104 .Store lately owned hy II. C. Beerilst. We take plrasure In calline the attenticji uf public to tlie tact I hat we have now and expee keep constantly in hand as complete an mcnt of Boots, Shoes and Gaiters EOTII OF Eastern and Home Mantifactun as c:ia he ft.un.l anywhere. We also will hare ot hand constantly a lull supply of SOLE LEATJIEK, -MOROCCO. CALF SKINS, K AND LINING SKINS Of a 11 kln lj, with a full line of :ns, TMs te .-l.le st. .-.pi! 1 i-.le and ll 1. i kJ leave d. Kn. 'Trr. ptac, ! ' Itrtr-e h"-.t ;-!.-tor. f.ll Ij ra cellos looi sta itr. !tti'! nie.ril. I TREES. .1 ri.ti i i: lis nr.: Ui .1 m 'rr.tulTr.-c'.Shrul .411 iiiiaien.f sl.-- I .it r cheap siend ! A. 2 Li.I'jTiCO., rkei 'i'ts' urt.'!i. I'a. OLA T E r. OOFS. sK.NEES NOTICE. I'h'i" wlcure H"w t nP.linii n. ltses s.t tlta S1 eiteapt r il: I he i lia run to t n Wo. - s til m nu or si.n irl. s. Slate will 1.- nd le tepair are r.-.j Hired. Slate !.-; w.l.-r torc.sler. . Stt'eis fire pr h.iie sh. nl '. have a S'ate r.. T tn-jn-! is .N"tr.l in ( utni- rlar.tl. w hi rc "' "-i'l l ol j! ! krv w on Slate t I'-r-'ver. tit nr llv.ry iioot r- .."l-e ,j the "i'J hoi,, f'T the l ei,,' ' all prta. tne Untie ttelue-.il l ere'.y siren that Hivi 1 Arkcry on ol i s-itit-r. 1N7.', mad an assianiut :it -t t.f his ere.lltois lo the untlersiiriii'tl. loiow'nir t lo.n ...u-... t..u t.u..i....i I.. ee'f","v,"!1 I'-"ail ntilieohlce ol the " Ijorello;,, uni niase set- be lo s a ' H.L. PeaCo-boUcm L Euckingham PAH?, A is pti.' OTICE. s L A. T -iilr.c the veer het rtl. If. lie wHl nn 'tT- lo put Slate K' :st-n H.eiiM' puMie art-l I'ri-j '. spin s. .-.. either in town or eorn'ry at toe i st jtriees. cii'i to warrant lb n. "w!l sti t see or atldn s 1 l'ti ut l.is i m,-e. Xo. 110 Ha It ini' re ct. l'i;::!.-r!:'.nt!. Mil. Oru rs rcay !c let' I ovit. if i..-rei v Kiviii mat in a pj u.-ation win i ttc ma.ic at tne nt xl session the lietieml An i st m!!y nt I'ennsvlvai.ia.. tor a charter to lnra,r. iporate a c mptnv to tie colle t ihn "Fair Hot ! l .tltipauy, the oljecl of w i:ifh is. bv aa I th. titvot s .i i ehart.-r. io erect and mainu in a onotn m l id s Creek, at Fair II .ik-. in Somerset wnnty. I a., an-l lo u,c the waters ot l Ill's creek aa I I rrsh ere. k in said einntv.asuras practlca l.le t. r II. atttiir ! ::s Into s-ii.1 I'nio tt, be loanalae-tnre-i inio tutni-r. . J-Macomulr. i ue'T ami trthers. N O A II CASE 11 F. F. If , SOLUTION NOTICE. ii .-l lUli. lVi. ".mersct. 13. vr. H. stitr-icT. 1 he pi.rtn.TsMp heretorore rxlsilnn W:wvn the un lci;.-n.il luu this daj (d.h nl lieeenilx-r, l-;..a.j btscn t'is-otved bv mutual cefisrnt. ! ' JullX A. Sl."F.. i l i.li.li ClU-hilAN. II O.V.ES FOE ALL. t-.ry plMi trtur:.'isf Ir; ! t, ! . lo?, .r.i lin.l,.ilu.:. , I - a .! '!.,. I. .i at i i Fiincti. 1CC la JOUX A. SIFE. I'li.uiviti'iD ;u; I a nn till i-hytk hit, pro-r!v Pn:r.:. (n nj i-ly iti u 4 l n Jut O'l if'u-.rl. n (uattfi t'uti i-stc, bp hn.c of tii P. WtYAXD Hh2A OTICE. .Wi-! 1 bertbt itlreB itst sn apilicati. will t- Di..oc to .ti, tieiieral Asseinolv of fcua sj Irani lor the n-jit-al ol o nnv h 01 thes-ame Ittwsot this i 'omtn.tt.ire.alui as re!ftts in tt; aunt hit; ot ti.-r ttnntij; ihe mouth of Isecc mSt r in ewe ye-r in sjtaerset euiu.tr. deed Shoe Findings. The HOME M ANT. FACTUEE UEPART WK.xrwill be in chtirire of 1ST. 13. Snyder, Esq. W lu.se reputation for making Good Work and Good Fits Is seen ! to none in the Stare. The poblle 19 n i-Tituiiy lniite.1 to call an.) examine our stock, as we are determined to keep gtswls as good as tb. be i and -ll at prices aa low at the lowest. SNYDER & UHL. JOEL S. GOE, T It U N K S, Ladies' Satchels, &o. No. 19 Fedf.ral Stkeet, near sospension Bridge. ALLEGHENY CITV ,Pa. rrNDKD DEBT. Ktx percent l"n $1U..3...S0 00 Five per cent bain 4.yi9.i41 M Four and a half jht cent i.,..q 8T,C0O0i f J kld.Kl M Keller notes In circulation. . .9fl.lS4 00 Interesi certiheates outstand ing 13KM M Infest certiorates unclaimed 4.2 3 Iiomesticcretlitorsceniticatcs 2i 00 ChambersriirgeertlneaterxsBT-' " standinz 9 tV 90 Clmmhersburg eertlfleates un tdalmed 189 34 calculation it appears that by taking one-tbird of the corporation tax, which the Legislature assigned to the Sinking Fund, and dedicating this one-third to the uses of the general fund, the whole indebtedness can still be liquidated in fifteen years. Without additional taxation, a fund may thus be created, that with the other revenues of the general fund, will, wiih prudent management, pos sibly be sufficient . to meet all the necessary and proper expeuscs of the government, and 1 recommend that this chanoe be made. At the end of the last fiscal year there remained in the Sinking Fund the sum of nine hundred and thirtv- four thousand aud twenty-pigbt dol lars and fifty-uine cents. There can be no further redemption of public elebt uutil August, 1377, as all Stale loans reiiuburrabl prior to that lime have been paid ; and in the mean time the Sinking Fund, iu addition to the above amount, will continue to accumulate a large balance, which there is no authority to invest. I therefore recommend the enact ment of a law antborizing the Sinking Fund Commissioners to invest the surplus funds in the bouds of the State or the Lnited States as tbey. deem most advanta geous, which iu accordance witb the provisions of the new Constitution, are the onlr investments that can be made, and that these investments be directed to be made monthly. i. - - : EDVCATWS mecbanicl principles at our very i doors in the nnfoliiino- and niantifuf- l,2S0,O0O 00 ,,. . . u..u-.i vui gtciib icoiillts, uuca lb seem the part of prudence and com mon sense to permit all this vast ex penditure to be rrade without em bracing in the plan some methods of insfuction that will at least Ct a s.nall number of children for some special trade or occupation.' My opinions upon the subjects of compulsory and industrial education are well known and it is unnecessary for me again to advance them. They have discovered themselves to me af ter mature and conscientious thought and investiga'ion, and are founded, I believe, upon principles of Bound policy, and as their discussion and necessity are enforcing themselves upon public attention, I respectfully ask if the nature and importance of your trust as legislators do not exact of you some consideration in this re gard. XOttMAL SCHOOLS. The methods of teaching Lavo beeo vastly improved in the last few jears, and it is concecded many of tbee methods are the outgrowth of the Normal schools of the State, the teachers from which have contributed very materially to the character and efficiency of the public schools. Some persons have a natural fitness for teaching, but in most instances the qualification therefor are acquired, and iu no way can they be so readi ly obtained as by the special prepara tion ana tecoaical instruction re ceived at the Normal school, where the priueiples and practice of teach ing are inculcated bv experienced preceptors. The greater the number of these schools, the higher we raise their standard, and the more thorough the instruction imparted within their walls the more widespread will be their influence, and to secure compe tency and promote the welfare of teachers and pupils alike, I trust the Legislature will extend to the Nor mal schools whatever assistance raav be needed to insure their increased grows with indulgence, and the only safe, wise aud bouest course for indi viduals and communities to pursue is to live withiu their means and pay as tbey go. The exsreise of a local jurisdiction bv towns and cities bad its origin in the remotest antiquity. The vestiges of this power can be traced in the ex humed remains of the ancient cities of Pbocuicia and Egypt. Ia the municipalities af Greece political rights were clearly defined, and each city was sovereign and acknowledg ed no authority but that of its own creation. Cnder the rule of Hume we discover our ideal of a moderu municipality, as described by a dis tinguished bistorau : "A communi- being r t - . k . h .. t.: . l. 1 .... - l v ui w uilu iuc uiiieua aic ujcmucrs ! tli.t u fti.n.a W TTT W v" A v-w tu' t. "ii.j.ii.' . WHO LE NO. 1 -27.Q limit can and sh J principal Source ot j rjj.p.jyjtion to d. wr mal-admioistration of the Fncli-h ; liceue to peculate a'id ' me power fc.-r evii ct Vjhonest or eafilr--i a Via oe lixea. I li yusj is u ii 'j af but ij tho pi., tulei . il e i'a rilij in n,.., ..t t . . i.. tl. ..,.,..,(,. th .t II CO " - ... . kj u rectus i crjri. laine. m ' iuv- p-w ., t t - v ' . -. the management of a few of them : aud not those w ho d i it, w rr'1 justice has simply been mocked, tax-1 must dud the evil. Di.-plai e l"' ation meant confiscation. nd rft-hfH i the present local legislature. were accumulated with such rapidity ' olhers wiil take their positions that the annual interest thereon is s"l,n ' e given to like practice, now greater than was the w hole tax N 'e must not fjr'et that there is a levy for ail corporate purposes fifu ni grave rfiiTt-reuce between the can- years debts !23.5i8 IS Total public debt 23,203,137 otsKixo rrsu assctt. Bon.ls of Pennrv'.vania rail- r.l eompany, i.300.0 0, representing "an Intlebletl- ness January 1. 1976. as per schedule on tile lnomceof Siato Treasurer 0,lJ2,5ji 56 llontlsof Allegheny Valley R. K. Company 4.4O0.0O000 . Cash in sinking fan 1 Novem ber 30, 174 S,.7J2,Uo8 o:J4.02 49 JU.4M.072 S5 Ot't 20. Is" otice. fne annnal meelica- of the Stockholm. r nr pr f.ilo Yaib-y i;llrmd :.mpnT will he held at Ihe Nation. I Hu. Merlin, l-a.,' Janunnr 10, 1874, (seosnd MomUt) fur be purpose of eeeting a Hrrsidcct ani twelve liirccwrs for the ensuing yar. di-clJ C. A. 3I.EKISSIxaFE, Socretary. Indebtedness iinprovMed for 1:!,7,664 80 The appropriations made for the fiscal year ending November 20, 1375. exceeded the receipts of the general revenue fund five hundred and fifteen thousand eight hundred and twenty-one dollars and twenty two cents, and witb like appropria tions and receipts the deficit for this year would be doubled. It is esti mated, however, that the revenue of this vear will bo five hundred thousand dollars less than that of last year, which -would make the de ficiency at the end of the current fis cal year about one million five hun dred thousand dollars, unless the ap propriations can be reduced. The appropriations are-already made for that part ol the fiscal year embraced between December 1, 1S73, and June 1. 187G. Moreover, the principal impropriations, such as for schools and the ordinary expenses of the iroverooient, are fixed by the Con stitution or by law, except those for public charities, and the.-e will de mand unusually largo amounts at thin session by reason of tceir fail ure to receive anything at the last. It is manifest, therefore, that the ap propriations cannot be materially re duced, and the deficiency mu.-t be provided for either hy the imposition of new taxes or the diversion luto the general fund of some of the rev enues now flowing into the sinking fund. To lew new taxes at a time when the business and industrial in terests are prostrated would be no wise and a great hardship, anu would justly meet wnu puonc couueuiuu.- t'on. Tbo necessity, therefore, ot the redistribution of the revenues is obviously a duty that is urgent, and ("cnands vour immediate attention. C v virtue of a coustitutional amend ment, the fcduking t una was createa fir the purpose of gradually reducing the public debt at a time when it ex ceeded fortv millions of dollars. An annual reduction of two hundred and fifty thousand dollars, and the pay ment of interest of the entire debt were its only requirements, and they have been faithfully fulfilled by the Sinking Fund Commissioners Eince the creation of the fund in 1837. It will also be observed by the follow ing statements, the most sanguine hopes of thelramcrsot the constitu tional amendment have been more than realized, daring the last eleven years the annual redaction of the debt averaging nearlv a million ana a half of dollars. rnhlicdebt December 1.144.... Public dt:bt lieceijiber 1, 1S7.... Total reduction In eleven year.. Average annual redaction. ...... . M.tU.lOS 74 .. 1S .14B 48 20 .. l.467,850 44 The appended statement will shov the balance of the estimated receipts of the Sinking Fund, at the expira tion of the fiscal year after the re quirements of the Constitution will have been complied with: Tax on eorporatloa storks. .....S1KW.0OO 00 (Vionnotatmn ol tonnage tax ' 490.0I0 CO Aliegnrny v alley railrtad howl loo.uqu oo llerheny Val. K. K. bonds.. 170.0 00 Int. on All Z, 800 too 00 Constitutional requirement of annual reduction of poo he debt v 30,0G0 00 1 he prosperous condition of our public sehools affords abundant oc casion for just pride. The exhibit made in the report of the Superin tendent of Public Instruction is s gratifying illsutratioa of tho libcrali ty and public spirit of our citizens and an earnest pledge of what raav be expected of tbem when any great or beneficent object enlist their sym .i m patny ana support, len years ago the Commonwealth bad one thous and seven hundred and forty-three graded schools within her limits; to day there are five thousand six bun dred and twenty-five. During the last decade the value of her school property has appreciated from five hundred and sixty-four thousand eigty -eight dollars and eight cents to two millions one hundred and fifty- nine thousand four hundred and fif teen dollars and eighty-three cents. In ISC5 tbo State expendei upon their public schools three millions six buodreu and thirteen thousand two hundred and thirty-eight dollars and Gfty-Dve cents. In 1373 the outlay for the same purpose was nine mill ions three hun Ired and sixty-three thousand nne hundred and twenty seven dollars and seventeen cents. Thirteen thousand eight hundred and sixty-three teachers attended, during ib last year, tho Teachers' Insti tutes held throughout the Common wealth. In 1SC5 there were only two thoqsaud seven hundred and sixtysfive in attendance upon their sessions. 1 hese azures are eloquent of the generosity of our citizens and their ardent desire to facilitate the attainment and promote the progress of education. It is interesting to observe, likewise, that those employ ed in the Instruction of our yonth appreciate this liberality of our peo ple and are zealously striving to make our school system so compre hensive and thorough that there will be a fitting and just return for the expenditure incurred. It is an ac cepted maxim that the eduction of its youtb is the most important subject that can engage the attention of a community. There is no capital more productive, nor any more solid or safer basis for the welfare of a State that the inculation of sound principles and habits of in dustry among its children. It is as trite as it is a trut saying that idle ness ana vice are great burdens to society and that virtue and industry contribute to its welfare and dignity. Our title to respect and gratitude of posterity will therefore largely de pend npon our efforts in behalf of right education, and it is for us to gravely consider whether we perform our whole duty by providing each year for the necessary expenses ol the bebool Department and make do endeavor to ex end its usefulness and benefits to new fields of instruction. It is not a reproach upon our wisdom, and wben we think of the thousands of neglected children ia onr midst may it not aiso bo said upon our hu manity to expend ten millions of dol lars annually upon public education and find thousands of children who Till not or cannot avail themselves of its privileges. people have con tributed more to the advancement of human comfort and the abridgement of labor by the application of me chanical principles, or are more pro lific of inventions of a useful kind than Americans, and yet few coun tries give less attention to the devel opment of this genius and the study of these principles in tbeir systems efficiency and usefulness soldiers' orphans. The continued favor of the Legis lature to the schools wherein the orphans (.f our soldiers are raaintain' aud taught, is aa agreeable proof of the patriotism of our people. What prouder monument could we erect to the Penusylvanians who fell in battle than to care for and educate their children : There will be little , e .... nope for our institutions, when we cease to be grateful to those who bled or died in their defense. No more responsible charge, and one which does more bouor to her head aud heart, has been assumed by the Commonwealth than thete schools for the support and insttuctiou,of our soldiers' orphans; and it is of tb? gravest importance that this trust should be admiuistered not only in good faith to the State, but with a special view to the comfort aud care ful education of these unfortunate children. Ten years have elapsed since the close ot the war, and many of the children of our deceased sol diers have reached years of maturi ty. Every year 'the number for whom the State must previse be comes less, and it is apparent that there is no necessity for the continu ance of so many schools of this kind, and that, under the present system, with the number of pupils decreasing each year, and the receipts for their maintenance and instruction corre spondingly diminishing, the proprie tors of these schools cannot conduct the m without loss or necessarily re ducing the food, clothing or tuition of the children. These proprietors arc paid a stipulated sum for the care, tuition, clothing and food of each child. The sum paia is upon a basis that gives to each sctool, wo will suppose, two hundred children. It is manifest, when this number is re duced to one hundred, and all ar rangements have been made for the care and instruction of two hundred either the proprietors or the children must suffer: and to rescue both from any such misfortune, I recommend that the Superintendent of Public In struction bo directed to select the best schools at the most advanta geous points, to which shall be trans ferred all the children for whom pro vision is now made, and that this process continue until the last orphan child is educated Under this sys tem, mere win be no temntation tn maintuin these schools perhaps to the detriment of the children, and the Mate will be assured that its bounty is properly and fully be stowed. MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT. There is no political problem that, at the present tim, occasions so much just afarm, and is obtaining more serious and anxious thought than the government of cities, whose administration ia many sections of the country is fraught with perils, not only to the material prosperity of our people but to the welfare and permanence of the Republic. It is not therefore incumbent upon those wb are charged with the conduct f public affairs, as well as those who are concerned for the good and honor of the country, to carefully and dili-! gently inquire into the causes of these mischiefs that attend upon the rule of our cities, and see if they spring from or are the actual devel opment of any inherent defect in the existing system of government, or are tho outcome of a merely tran sient tendency to extravagance, that by its abuse will wcrk its own ef fectual cure. A glance at the enor mous debts and Stupendous schemes for public improvements undertaken and in progress, or in contemplation by the numerous cities of the coun try, is sufficient inducement to this investigation, and will convince the most skeptical that a speedy and rad- ical reiueuy mnst oe louod to arrest these extravagant expenditures or the ot the whole nation, all possessing the same rights and subject to the same burdens, but retaining their ad ministration of law and government in an local matters wnicn concern not the nation at large." Of like character were the imn-unities and rights wm'd from Feudalism by the cities of the middle ages. There cities of tbt past were the conserva tories of science and art, the abodes of industry and the nurseries of polit ical, moral and religious freedom, and to them we are indebted for the prin ciples of constitutional liberty and a knowledge of the practical methods of government s useful in the ad ministration of our municipal affairs. The cities of England obtained the right of local self-government about the beginning of the thirteenth cen tury, and their growth in population and wea'tb kept pane with their in dependence and freedom from the ex actions ol the Crowu. Their politic al importance likewise increased as their political power was augomcnt ed, and we find them graciously favored by kings and parliaments, in the latter having a representation of their own election. With enlarged privileges and greater prosperity, however, there grew up intolerable abuses, aud measures had to betaken to restore them to their original de sign a3 icstitutious for local govern ment to be controlled by those inter ested, and not by a favored few whose ouly concern in their manage ment was to accumulate fortune. It was mauifest that these corporations had outlived their usefulness, and be came a positive evil. All their pow ers were exceeded ; they arrogated to themselves others never, confe. red ; their counsels ivere self-elected and chosen for life, and their legislation had no sympathy with and never re flected the wishes of the citizens whose rights and property it was to affect. Mal-adiuioistra'.ion was the rule rather than tic exception in their management ; property was wasted; money thoughtlessly and extravagantly expended ; the officers were the creatures ol their irrespon sible counsels, and looked to tbem and not the people for continuance of ftivor, and every form of corrup tion, peculation and fraud were the product of a system which was originally inspired bv a love of free 1 1 m " ami, a desire for equal and exact justice, aud a conviction thai this local or home rule would best con serve the rights and property of citi zens. So flagrant had abuses become in the administration of these cities that iu 1S35 the English Government appointed a commission of inquiry to investigate the condition of her municipal corporations, and upon the report of this commission, which was a pa'nful recital of mal-administra tion, extravagance, misapplication of revenues, corruption and favoritism, a law was eaaeted, under the provi sions ot which these corporations were made to conform to certain uni r . .. i t . iorni regulations, ana their powers restricted to the legitimate and useful purposes for which they were created. uur cities, counties anu towns are similar to the sub-divisions that for centuries have existed in England, ani form a system, which, in the lau guage of a learned American jurist, "seems a part of the very nature of the race to which we belong and upon this very point an eminent for eiga writer, having in view our Re public, significantly says: "Local assemblies of citizens constitute the strength of free cations. Municipal institutions are to liberty what pri mary schools arc to science ; they bring it within people's reach ; they teach men how to use and enjoy it a nation may establish a system of free government, but without the spirit of municipal institutions it can not have the spirit of liberty." It i3 the "genius of our institutions to bring the agencies of government as near as possible to the governed, and municipal corporations are the instru mentalities by which this intention is most effectually subserved. Our cities, counties, towns, road and school districts exercise powers of local control, and it is a favorite the ory of our political System that those who are immediately and directly interested will be more likely to ad minister tbeir affairs with intelligence and economy than a central govern ment at a distance, and upon this theory the &tates have been divested ot almost all authority over tbeir municipalities, upon which latter have been conferred most of the agencies by which the government is b. ought into direct contact witb the people. In the distribution of power these corporations having re ceived the potential share in regulat ing the concerns of a large, portion of our people, and their health, com fort, enlightenment and prosperity must depend, therefor, in a great measure upon the wisdom and justice of this local rule. Until a recent period the munici palities of the country enjoyed and deserved the confidence and favor of our people. Tbey were simple in their constitutions, economical in tbeir expenditures, in the main ad mirably governed, witb men of intel ligence, experience, character and credit of onr cities will be destroyed! prcperty in their councils, who deem- i i . ana repuaiation, to which resort seme have already beea driven, will be the only recoursefroru ruin. It wilj not do to mock at the voice of warning and entrench ourselves in the belief that the natural growth of our cities and the consequent accumula tion of wealth and appreciation of property therein, will liquidate all the l. t . -T- il'- -t I, , ui iuoiie lusiruciiou man our own. uuuus iuis generation can impose With such capabilities and the op- jopon the next, fir experience and hjs portQQitiei for the application of torj alike teach that extravagance eo. it an honor, without compensa tion, to assist in their administration, and as the public improvements were limited and only what were necessa ry, the temptations to avarice and corruption were few, and peculation and fraud unknown To-day it is humiliating to observe the cities of the United States expose onr intelli gence and civilization to reproach and compared with the malversation and. misgovernment of some cf them, the ago. Ihe aggregate of the of the cities of thf I'mri States, according to competent au thority, reaches the enormous sum of seven hundred and sixtv-niue millions, and this amount is believed to be rather under than above tbe actual indebtedness. Is h tranie that the annual tax levy, instem! of a few mills, now averages in uui must lu-porianr, cities two au i a half per centum upon the assessed value of property? It is with rea sonable apprehension, therefore, 'hat the people are earnestly addressing themselves to the study of the cause of this evil, and the conviction is be coming wide-spread that some reme dy must be provided that will go to its very core and work a radical cure. A tendency to extravagance began to manifest itself ia this country in 130 , ana was exnioitea most con spicuously in the innumerable propo sitions for public improvement of every conceivable kiud. Magnifi cent parks, extensive water works, splendid ci:y buildings, vide streets, with new and improved pavements. are some of the projects upon w hich lavish expenditures were made. In the frequent and immense outlays of moneys thus authorized, numerous avenues'for fraud and peculation were opened, and officers connected with the disbursement of the.-e creat C" amounts, suddenly grew rich, and having, by reason of their control of these expenditures, scores of adhe rents, they soon became the arhiters of the taxation of these cities. Irre sponsible themselves, they aimed to secure the election of irresponsible men to city council, that their corrupt practices miht have the forms of law, and emboldened by impuaity aud the supineness of respectable citizens, they endeavored to control, and it is alleged in some municipali ties did corrupt the cbanueis of jus tice and shaped its decrees to suit their nefarious ends. Our cities formerly had but few wants; their charters were simple iu their provisions; easily understood, and conferred all the powers necessa ry for local government. Within the last few years, however, every department of local government from the great city to the small school district, has beea constantly apply ing to the State Legislature for ex tensions of authority. The rights of taxation and appropriating private property for publie use, are extraor dinary powers that no government should delegate, except in cases of absolute puolic need, and the ose of the power should be limited by th necessity mat invokes us exercise. and yet the Legislatures of the vari ous States, in the last few years, have scattered these extraordinary powers broadcast over the land, and in the hands of inconsiderate and irrespon sioie men, inev nave oeen made, un der the specious plea of public im provements, tne engines ol oppres sion and robbery. .Many of the burdens our people have to bear, have been created by the vicious habit ot issuing bonds at high rates of interest for contemplated improve ments. Multitudinous national, state, city, county, ward aud school bonds have been issued, the smaller imita ting the larger local interests in ma king these drafison posterity at rates of interest ranging from four and a half to tea per ceutum per annum, and the payment of the interest on these bonds, and of the bouds them selves, as they mature, necessitates an annual taxation that is oppressive, and a constant drain upon industry atd enterprise. The contrast afford ed by a comparison of the government of the Commonwealth of Pennsylva nia with the government of ber cities is curious and instructive. five years ago alike spirit cf extrava gance and mania for public improve ments prevailed throughout the State, and her policy was marked by tre mendous outlays in behalf of canals and other public works, and was the parent of a debt of forty millions ot dollars, and of the corruptions and evil practices that aroused the peo ple to the extraordinary effort which resulted in the constitutional amend ment prohibiting an increase of the public debt, and providing a sinking land for the payment of the interest, and an annual reduction of the princi pal IJow different and gratifying is the spectacle to-day. With a yearly income scarcely exceeding six millions of dollars, and a State with four mil lions of inhabitants, the taxes have recently been decreased and annually a large portion of the debt paid off, so that now the indebtedness arrouots to but twenty-three millions of dol lars. Of the revenues for some years past, two million five hundred thous and dollars have been allotted to the payment of interest and the reduction of the public debt, leaving three mil lions and a half to be devoted to the payment ol of the expenses of the gov ernment, which include p-ovision for our magnificent system of charities aad schools, npon the latter of which alone, common and soldiers' orphans, one million live nnnarea thousand dollars are expended each year. The debts of our municipalities, on the coutrary, have beea increasing enor mously, and apart from the public improve meats for which a large bon ded indebtedness has been created, j the expenses of our cities and towns have been growing annually with a pace that seems out of all proportions with their necessities. Ouesourceofj this additional expense is the increas ed number of officials. The powers of government are too diversified,! and require too much aachiuery. That mechanism is the best which contains tfce fewest parts, and gov ernments are not exempt from this law. The deplorable condition of some cities that are overburdened with debt and wuk public improvements: si'ieuce of the iudividuai and the public conscience. A uiau wiil hesi tate, unless he is thoroughly dishnu est, before he takes advautajre of his tieii;h!or. b'lt the same man will not scruple a moment when his approval j l a-krl fur a project, whien umler ! tfiH k,ui-e cf a public improvement. .'-I t. ! jjt.il the whole community of ' i part of its pioperty. Agaiu, it m Unadmitted fact that every public enterpn.-e always costs more, and sometimes twice as much as a pri vate oue, and the cost to administer the several departments ia our cities is a striking illustration of this truth. Is there auy good reasoa why the cost of the management of these de partments should ia soia instances be four or five times in excess of tho amount paid fifteen years ago, while compared therewith tho increase) of population and appreciation of orcp- ertv has been merely nominal. Does the indifference and iuenness with w hich this subject of the gov ernment of cities has beea heretofore regarded, forbid the hope that there caa be unanimity of sentiment among citizens to devise and enforce mea sures that will emancipate our cities from the inevitable consequences of these reckless expenditures, or will they await uutil tbeir property is ir remediably mortgaged, and tbeir honor and fair faa.o smuithed with the stains of bankiuptcy. The im munity frciu criticism aud investiga tion which these scbemcs for public improvements enjoy, gives encour agement and protection to every in vention of fraud aad plunder, and people who are taxed antl who supinely submit year after year to these exactions, are to a grea: extent responsible therefor. The bulk wf taxation ia our great cities falls upon ihe property holders; the tna-s of the citizens do not feel its burdens, and are unconcerned about the public expenditure or re joice therat and approve them when they minis'er to their enjoyment, as do the parks, or add to their protcc tion and bent-firs as do the police ami schools. Thisraatis of citizens forgetful of that cardinal principle of our institutions, "that those must vote the tax who pay it," control the elections and send men to the munici pal Legislatures, who, like them selves, frequently bear none of the public burdens, aad are consequently improvident and wasteful. A large portion of our population is therefore taxed without representation, for no sane man will contead that this sort of representation is tfce riirfct fur which our fathers waged a seven years' war with England. Caa la-t-cringmen believe that persistence in this policy will cot work them se rious and permaneut injury ? Dues it require much foresight to sec that this appropriation of private proper ty by meaos of taxation, will drive manufactures, trade and weaith from our cities to more congenial localities;' Capital and enterprise will seek channels where the fullest freedom aud the greatest profits can be ch ained, and it is suicidal thus to dry up the very sources of our prosperity. I his sketch of the municipalities of other countries and our own will. I hope, serve to show bow essential they are to republican institutions acd bow liable tbey are to abuse, and adinouishes us that the question of their irovernnient is a delicate one. the consideration of which should be approaclied with the greatest cau tion. We must take care that our efforts to xitigate the evi's we feel do not beget others equally oppressive, and we will thus have change without benefit. Fortunately, the charters of municipal, unlike other corporations, Twenty-' are sul,ject to alteration by the Leg islature, and that body caa amend tbem at pleasure. In view of the importance of the proper regulation of our cities, because of the vital re lations they sustain to the trades and manufactures of our most thriving communities, and the welfare and happiness of tbeir citizens, I recom mend tl'at the legislature authorize appointment of a commission of ex perienced persons to examine into the condition of our municipalities and prepare such legislation for the con sideration of the Legislature as will, ia their opinion, meet the abuses sought to be remedied. It is my candid opinion that all the legislation upon the statute book3 referring to municipalities should be repealed antl a comprehensive and uniform code enacted, the main features of which will not be the subject cf perennial alteration. Appended to this message will be found a detailed statement of the debts of a number of prominent cities of the country ia 1 807 and 1373. which affords a striking contrast and is an instructive context to the dis cussion herein made. The table also shows the cost of the several depart ments of the.-e city governments and is a valuable help to a proper under standing of the expenditures of the various cities named The materials tor the statement were kindly furnish ed by the authorities of the several cities. Whatever the misgivings lave hitherto possessed the public mind about tfce success of the Centeouial, are now happily dissipated, and it is evident the country has awakened to the conviction that the exhibition in stead of being merely local, with which character the iudifferent and distiustful would have invested it, wiil transcend in dignity and magni tude any of the expositions that have preceded it in Europe. It becomes Pennsylvania, there fore, to bestir hertelf aud strive to have a full representation of her re sources and industries on exhibition. The Commonwealth has made vast contributions of means, and the ener gies of many of her best citizens unfinished, that must be completed, have been ceaselessly devoted to the is the resolt largely of the undue and 'promotion of the enterprise, and she strained assistance accorded to these H be false to her best interest if the municipalities by the State govern-1 display she makes is not ereditable to menu. Legislatures voted them the; her people and in keeninsr with her largest possible grants of power. Ex-! position amonj the States. Every ecutires approred thero, and the ja- J( or.linued on page, 4.) f J T
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