forms of Publication. I i Xh3 Ssnsrsst Herald dl,i;5hr.l rry WJuuUy Mnrnlnif 8,4-2 00 ' " I'liuum, 11 lu advan'CiotbcrvlM $2 M invariably bt charged. V ,faferiplioi will be "I'tcooUaued nnlil all ar--irwrel' p- lu!t,na''ri neglecUng to '.j!Y us when fuhserlliera do not take out their ' ' rfr '!' ,,e helJ uliU tu subscription, 'sa'ivriliert removing from one Postotfle to ao ,aer should give n the name of tbe former at , tf the present office. Address Somerset Printing .Company, JOHN 1. SCULL, Business Mana er. Ininet Card, ,r H ltiSTLETHWAlTE, ATTlKNEt at l.aw. Sotiiorse'. Pa' rr.ili.ivl hnt-r'ixH-ilully Solicited and punctually aUeuil- K(Hsru, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Somerset, Penna. v I .l.l.r in ....1 -minim. StimnfW'L I Will .tren.l in ail oujuh'-ss eni.ruM.cu w wir .aipiocas aud n.leUty. aug. l1' 1 'LL1 AM H. KOONTZ, ATTORNEY AT Law, Somerset, Pa ill If! prompt alien i x f ' entrusted rl",rT,r,2 , , I tnr adjoining counties. Oit la ""j .ijuse how. I AW NUTIOn-Atexa-der H. Co h I j resume I the pra-tt " ' Oiiloe la Mammoth Buildm. djomini; wnnlif. If , ,0. S( VM- . rih 1 ' Voo. ya.tv.noeJ on coll asincst coHeclin - I". oaiee la Uu'lJlnit. ;an. I, "J. I a. II. L. BAKU, ATTORNEYS AT L, I W. Somerset. Pa. Will pnuawe lu S'm ! .i:..inin; ountie. All ousinesa en- rn.i to them w.ll I promptly attended to. iMMVKL I'OLIIUKN, V LAW, Sjinenel, Pa. h ..i.-k. ATTORNEYS AT i.lioe m thier's u. lily. AT LAW. I . 1 Tol.o7c.re Id Somerset ami atli-min couu- ,;h bioik. ' , , FNKY K.SCHF.LL. ATTORNEY ATLAW, I I n i B mm a n Pension AKet.U omerwt. ft t3 in Mminoth - "li ,,.i-cZoVlTHR. 'AC1. , iITHKR k OMT1IER, Alt..mry at Law. : ,ir- . u- 4 . . B .riuTH. ""'irfr,11:T . r, 1 iO k. tmr-ui-e fr" l'uui.oid. J AMKS L. l'UGIl, ArroaxEY at law, l'i o;Roe. Mauimntli Bl:is.nj' ".. t. ZniJLo with prowpin and fl u U y . julvU J. . OiiLE ATTORNEY AT LAW ProlMlal uinis en'ni'ted iZZii aueud UWUh ,t.aud ndca,r u,irU 74. DU G. MILLEK, afi,r twelve r-rV a"lv. pral Shank.ville. hat .ly ll " S.-m.-rl l.r the prac 1:""",Dio.i rMtrut t simrroet d vicinity.-ti- t" the cltlitM i . n met in.-e IB hU ...... l.m Iia ran lie tum-uitea at au iuii- -IOt calla promptly antwerl. duels, -n-ij. pilCrEiSlOXAL. '"' with Limseii in i FunJemletTt, ElirS-ri C the York E. alauffl"!!! be pall U, tUlof the Ere and tar. .xo w t KIM MEL will oUnue to practice lR. L. M. K'- Vi,, JJr, hi, prolesslonal serri- ..nntry. t.itf at the old pUoe, a frwdoors u 1 tbe ijlade House. " ' t vK. II. BRI-BAKF.R tenler. hi. I rofc I ma I ) .m, to the Hu-m of Somerl an d un- .:hee in re.i ienoe. one door we.1 of tt-'J'-liouae, jaa.il, . ivR. J. K. MILLER hat permanentlyl-Hted I ) U, Berl.n ror the practice of his pn-ssloU.-oitf opp wite Charles hnsslniccr s st..re. air. Ji, T04.f. " ; - -. ' aS. S. GOOD, FI1YSICIAX J: SURGEOX, soMEnsi:T, rA. tf-Orrirt In M ammo'.h Block. s4'T3 rRTIFIC" Ali TEETH". J. V. YUTZY. D E T I S T 1 DALE C1TT. jomtr$tt C., Pa .rtS5cU Teeth. a: auiitv, Lite-like ard anted to be of the very best landsomcs tnwrte-i in me . ;i. Faniculai tttentkw r if the pret- t;.: vt ttie natural teetlu 1"n-f; r,,l"n'L me hv letter, cai oo so uj em. s' MsaiLtwre, J" Aairess DR. tFM. COLLINS, PENTIPT, S-merset, Pa. t !hce lit'jsilea'i Bh k. t jee he can at til timet t f. und prvpn-d to do : .':lot wori. such at hlliiHt. reiruiatjaa. e tivui Lt jit'tcial teeth ot all aneia, and of k. k.t ciiirta, busitsu.. Aiuimratiopt r;- Mansion House, LATE "BEN FORI" HOVSE," .rsti f rrkl tref, jqilNSIUWK, PW''. rjo-j. IShoemakcr, Prop'r. Hsiln lateW taken ehanre of. refitted an i fur u.M.e.1 iliit larVe and cvui up Hotel, 1 now : .ute mv t ntra.t Caniy friends U. can on me tuJb..i l.v pr.mpt attention to their want and . . ' L.- ' l..n,-rli LhelrualpDMire. la. l.ruiUM iih lh th mrkvi fli.Mr lh Urtuakad with tbecbol wlnesHMaor.. ke. X. B. Best wt!1n ia town. apnai , 'PHE SOMERSET HOUSE. Havint leased this mMtnifi.-cnt an J well kn l'..tei pro,-rtv trom Mrs. t- A. ".1??, .Toed'lake plea-are in inKjrmir. ' t,c putdic .Lera.ly tb. l Wf' m7ke this b.,se all U irl A-mnblatius clerks an.l d the table k .11 at ' "'i t ,k. ..rket aaTd. MV J. H. ly-1 Mlm rnr i bw J . .l I he table tlll tw..tr &&iLerD witli the best the market a Td,"- w.n may at all lime? be found In the.. jyAMQXP HO TiL ' . KTOYSTOWS PA. SAMI EX. CUSTWk, ri oj" iv-tor. This rcTUr SJxl a'. - oubiie. Tarde and Uw '- riai .la- (hrr. Ha-Al uai tor JahliStowo oJ mariL SirnieTteV. 1 AK.NET HOI'S t If Tbenndcrfl rrspcctmtlv Inf.n, tbe pul- JUBhof V-ccSet. l.itintt.. w kf 1 .5 a ttvle wnich he ho w-iU.ve a!u-a.Uvii Lb '; bo mav ror him nh their "''- JOHN WILSON & PON, WHO LIS A LE tilt O CllltS.- w i 'i 'j .0 T. Buzby & Co., ffo. Q Excliaiige Place 13ALT1MORE. Hrelal attectica atien GLADE I I TTfck. VOL. XXIII. Hanks. JOHNSTOWN 120 CLINTON STREET. CHARTED 1 1ST 1870. TRUSTEE.6 JAMES COOPER, DAVID DIBERT, C. n. ELLIS, A. J. HAWES. F. W. II AY. JOHN LOW MAN, T. II. LAl'SLY, IX J. MOIIKELL, JAMES MORLEY, LEWIS PLITT, r II. A. BOO.GS, COKRADSUTrES, GEO. T. SWANK, I). Mclaughlin, w. w. Walters DANIEL J. MOR.TELL, President, FRANK DIBERT, Treasurer, CYRUS ELDEu. Solicitor. IlKltt of OXE nftLI.Att and upwards re- ct ive.1, and intcreM allowcl on all iura payable twici' a jar. Interest If not draw oot. In added to the prinrlpal tjias COT.II'Ol-'NDlXt IWICE A YEAR, wiibont truaM ns the depositor weall or even to present hi Ocposli bo.k. Money can he withdraw n at any time after giving the bank cer tain notice hy letter. Marrlrrt tVein.n l pertenn nader ape ean doiosit money in Uit-ir own names, to that It can he drawn only ly thcnuelres or on their or der. Money caa be deposited for children, or by torietii't, or af troft funds, Suhjeut to certain cun dllims. " Loan Secured by Ileal X jlatc. Cples of the By-Law reixrtt, relet of depo.lt, and special act of Legislature, relative to deposits of married womra and minors, can be obtained at the Bank. UanVinir hours !aily frnni9 to SoVhx-k: and on Wednesday and Saturday evenings iroai 6 to 7 o'clock. a,tri JOHS D1BKBT. joua a BOBKKTS. JOHN DIBEUT k CO., NO. S40 MAIN STREET, JOHNSTOWN, P E N N A . We sell Drafts negotiable In a'.! parts ol the I'nl ted Suites and 'ar.adas. and In Korein countries. Buy Oold, Jui:it and Government Bonds at highest mnrket prices. Ln money on approved jcurltT. 1 'rafts and Chocks oa otlicr Iwnks cash ed, iiooey receii-ed on deposit payal le on demand Interest at the rate of Sis per rent, per A nnum paid on Time Drpoil. Everythln !n the Banking Line receives oar prompt attenlWa. Thankful to our friends and customers for their past patn-naire, we solicit a continuance of the tame, and invite othera who have hustuesa in our line to K've us a trial, assuring all, that we shall at all times do all we can l rive entire satisfaction. fen 21 7e JOHN BIBEKT fc. CO. Cambria County BANK, M AV. KEni at CO., SO. 2C MAIX KTRF.ET, Henry Schnable-a Brick Building. A General Baikiaij Uiness Transacted. Drafts and Oold and Mirer bonirht and dd. Coilwliims maile in all parts of the I'nited Sltas and t'anada. Interest allowed at the rate ol six per cent, per annum. If left sit. nwrnth or l.muer. Special arranieements r;ide with Oa-ndUns and others w ho hold mone js in trust. aprll 1 T3. CARPETING. Henry McCallum, .71 Fifth Avenue, PITTSBURGH, PA. Importt direct from Manufacture, Superior Fngli.!! Oil C'lolbis fiUUSSELS CARPETS, &c, RAG. HEMP and LNGRAIN CARPETS In every variety. 51 FIFTH AVENUE, 4hore reet. marUi. Ursina Lime Kilns. Tbe nderslfoed are prepared tcfornleb Prinis Building Lims By the Car Load. Orders Ecspectfully Solicited. R. J. liATZI'.R A. CO. Urtina. Jo i. . aianutactwreH of tut Cv!btttd . FAKNESTOCK PVRE WI1ITELEAD. Wbii-h hat tnsialRed m. Wan enTial.le reputation for my yeasa. lieaier. and C.-tiiiuc should I )r-cuiir to dm iciie but oor I'urr White Lea I. as there It so much uJurtr and adulterated Lead In the market. WenotonW claim for eur IyaJ STR ICT I'T' R1TY. t'Ut thai it pmseosrt treaty liurablUty, eoert m-re eurtaee l'r same w.-irbr. and it sujpe rior in FINENESS and W H 1 1 tN ESS to any other braad. Al. orders shonli be arfdrxssed t FahneKtotk While Lead .. ' '" n5JJ.I..FAjINLJiTtCS A CO., - N.i. ', V St-, K-irlurgh, Pa. fK-tlf JOSEPH SHEETS SON, al Cnilrrtakert, Berlla Pa.. e-isy 'v, cn h-al aDd rsake to irder IVAna dall tb-sand iiera. m t iwe tite. Havinr a hetrsr i the wteat siy 1a rra.iiireM. we ara al- ; Vaytrevarl to late n&nt to and brass corpns ! iiK varvs cemeteries. apri.l - - 1MK. MMK. LIMR: i,e lytcr.-utved bavins eseeted lime kibot at jWarbet HilL n.ree -mi:e west U CooSaenee, tm j t. Piuslirth A Caei:i-vtUe r.b:oi.i. are aw rrir usbip (oany i .ut ritherlmi lime or raw ! lim.-nnrte as nil t nnioired. Inls lime iqtiarri4 u tbe Marble Crmifl many tcet below tbe wei coal vein, and ot a very aoperior qaailta. I orcsH iiroe crraw stooeean be set t toCe t enrw If U Ufa a VlalwT.of l.'Jtlfre Jlel lUesuof Itieslimi 'L J.bn WHier. .' Getbn. bnrB.- J'bliip Wo!trr5rir, Jt, Ntoeral Hidnt, ' (leixire it. Mmrlsi, lxax H Jim. S--ir,er- I . U'.;i li Waller, a tAfineiiavliie.- fclrft will beprwnptty atiea-iodtn. M d atla.lau In. ... SAMS BAI t7 HCGrSfcW EBER. MUc(Uan,'on$. ppletonV AMERICAN C YCLO P.EDIA NEW 1IEVISE1) EDITION. Entirely rewritten by the iiblcst writers on every s ubjeut. Jrnited lroui new type, ami iUustratt-1 wnu teveral thuusaud engravings and maps. The work ortelnally published under the tills of Tut New Avauii as Oitiw.sdia was c. iiiplcl e linl(), Since wliich time the wide cln uiuiion which it haa attained in ali )arts ol the l imed States, an i the signal uevcloiniieula which hare taken place in every hrjuch ol acieuce, literature, ana an, have induced the editors and publishers to submit to an exact and thorough revision, aud to issue a new edi.loucaiitleo In. AlituiCAK t,"v- ll.OPKIA. Witian the lasl ten years the pr.itirrcfs of dis covery in crery department of k.noa lod);e has made , a new work oi reierence an imperative want. " 'i tie moretneiit of political nlfairs has kept pace with the discoveries ol science, end their Iruiitul application to the industrial and uselul arts, anil tbe convenient and rehuemeut ol social liie.--tireat war ud conseijuei t revolutions have oc curreil, inTlvtii!i national ciiiii?es ot cculiar mo ment. Tbe civil war Mour ou country, a hieb was at its heiKht wheu too lai volume l the old work appeai-utt, has hupj lly teeu eudeii, and a new eour.e ol cwtnuicrcial aud industrial activity has beou crouimeiiceot. Larjre al(-.s.lls toonr fc?osi-aphlen! kn.wlel(;e nave licea maae py me lnueiauao.e explorers oi Africa. 1 he irront political revolu ionsof the last dceade, with Oil naiufal result ol the lapse of lime, have brought into view a multitude ol new men. w lioae names are in every onc'suicuth, and or wlntse ines every one ii curious to know the jwriiculHiii. treat battles have leea touht nnd luifsrtiint sieves liiaiutuined, of wliich tho details ureas yet pre-s-rve.l only in the nespi)ers or in tne Iraurient puhbcaiious oi the day, but wnich ouaht now to lake ttieir place in jiermaueut and autueulis hls Ury. lu prcparina the present edition for I he jiress. It has accordingly 1-eeu tmaiin ot tin. editors to brin down tbe iulorhialion to the latest possible dales, aud to lurnisii an accurate uccount ol the most re cent discoveries in science, of every lr,-hh produc tion In lltcrj lure, ami ot tbe newest iiivenuoiu in the practical arts, ns well us to Rive a succinct and ontrinnl record ot the progress ol political and his torical ei cuts. The work has been hojruii aficr lorur and cireful preliminary lai.-or. and with the most ample re suurccs tor'earrying it on to a eu-.-cesslu! termina Uon. Ne of the original stereolyjie plaes ha.veleen uswl, but every pane lias been primed n new type, Iwrminir iu fact anew Cyelipi..!ia, wiitthe same plan aud cunjiass as "its pretlei-eisor, but with a iar fireater itccuniary expent'Uure. and with such improvement in lts'eiiiuptiti'in as have lecu sut!CtfUd by huijf'-r ciperi. lo-e un.t cnhinreil kntwleice. I'lie iiiustratior.s whi. h ere Intnk'n -cd far the first time in li;e present ctlituti buve lt--u added not tor thetakeot pictorial eticct, but to pivc lu cidity and lore to the explanations in tbetext. They cmbraca all branches ul scien.-c and oi natu ral bistorj-, and depict the most lnmous anil re markable features ol aet-iiery. architecture and art, as well as the various pnses ol navhanics ami mar.ufacfarers. Altl.uiih fntendetl lor in struction rAiher thitn euibcilishment. no psios have been sprvred to incure their artistic exccU lence; the co't of their execution is enormous, and it is believed they will find a web-cane reception as an admirable feature of the CyciopaMia, and wor thy of its bieh character. This wora it soid to fu!orllcrs only, payable (ndelivery of each Toltuc. It willlc completed in sixteen larire octavo v. dumeti each containing about KK) .iies. tully lliusiritte.1, with several ihou-'and Wood EnKrvlT:us, and with numerous colored Li !b. graphic Jia a. TI! ICE AND STYLE OF B1XMNO. In extra Cloth, per vol b In Library Leather, per v,l..i 0 In Hall Turkey Morroeco. prrv-d .- 7 in Half Russia, extra (tilt. ler vol a..,' 8 in lull Morroeco. sntl-iuc, gi eitpts, er vul . ID In lull Russia, per vol .. Id Eisht volumes now ready. Siieetewini; vnlumes artil completion, will be issued once In two months. Speetmen acs of ihe American CTch.pii dia. showing type. illustrtionf, etc., will be bent grsth- on application. - s'' k irsi eiawi cauvaarinf a-'D s wanteo. Addres 3. Ji. WILLIAMSON. Agent, No. W SixlbSiw. i'Uubuntii, Ft. licet; - ' NEW STORE! . SCIIELL A WII.SOV would Inf.-rilhelr friends and 11m public generally, that they have upctted a siore at - a ti ih t t:, on tbe line of the P. Y. fc H R. R.. ami ti" bffer lor sale a a General 8tw-k of Merrhandlr, eon sisiiiitf . " . DRY GOODS, , CLOTHING, . QUEENSWARE, ,r HARDWARE, IIAT5 A CArS, ROOTS i SIIOES. kc, etc., ke., All ot which will be sold slieap lor CASH or ex-ehanB-ed fortrodoee. WAV1 E D Lumber of n'.l kinds. I Toon-poles, Cr.w-Ties. Jrk, Suve c Also, WooX But ter, FgilS, MAPLE SITQAK, rtscon. Grain ofall kinds. Fnrs. Sheep-rclts. and Beeswax, for which we wlil py the biKhcst prices in Ca?h or Gtidp. SALT AND FISH. always en ban I. Give ns a call and 1 convinced thst we inlenl to do business and cannot he undcr tuld. SCILELL & WILSOX. CARPETS. XI.UUST STYLES. BODY BRUSSELS ' LATEST DESIGNS TAPESTRY BRUSSELS, r,''.yoVELTltS'X Two md Threp Plies, JlSTGraRUsTS, ALL OP, "WIIK1I AVE OFFER AT I.OWKST CASH PRICKS. BOVARD, ROSE &CO., Nw No. C9 Fifth Avenue, re9 riTT?BT."RQlI. IA. it THE NEW IMPROVED EIMII5T05 SM5 UOSL AWARDED Ths "Hedil ef Pngrsa, AT VIE.X 4, IS73. TbeHiiihest trdcr of 'di.' aytflc;! atlht E;.uluri. " SS:vinf Sinckint Rtctirei RiyAsr Priu. A I EW tt)OD BE IKONS: v..w tren-l,, , irel by I-ttelt I'atent. i.ir. all kiaos of ..;. A kuna Int'it, SHkarfn. B,iscies and rapM I J- l-yrAinr, (jes 11 year wi'hc-ftepr. W i t iu H mtin of Wiw- aud 1'aucy RiWcb;i in a ; rr mancr. ' ' a la ueat eai'y managed by the operator Lu - w: fci:edi ma) be aliereJ wl.i'.e rounicir r.jl aui-Mte a be threaded wIUku! VaM j.: U.na lbnjith bidi-a. 7. I .ti surph. ireclons. elegant, tor3ln( th r.eeb anlixBi ttie am of e. woeel ear. ro. ury cams or U'Verarnf't. Has itu- Autouiatic Drop Itkl, wl.kh icsurea wnl-.irni lenirtb of st Itch at any rp"d. Hatriw Thread i Vntmber. which aill.ms e.sy BuveoMM at ueoiie-bar so.: prevents injury to thread. . i c.matruMion nx'St careful ar : cnUscd. I is maeuta'-tured fcr t most tkl'.l.ul an4eiprri enrwi m-baaict, al tl eehhetwrt Kwur "T:,j A r morr. !:, N. Y. Pittaburjfc WOM-es lO hts'iki ki. . ... 1 . ' apr2 4 fCiwin o?C! Oir 'SOMERSET, MESSAGE OF TflE Mat of lie DulM To the Si'nale and Uiu'. vf J?-j,re- ventolin's : Since tho convening f Conjjreisi t I... i out' i tar "o", l"" uati"u iiua uuuii- goue a MIOSTU.'.TION IX BCSINESS AND1SDIS TUIF.? Such as Las not bren wiinc-Jtl w 'tb us for ttiany rear?. ' Speculation us to the cause. for this uro-itration uitht be indulged iu without prt;Iit, because v many theories would lie advanced ai there would bo indepen dent writers anions those who ex pressed 'Jieir own views wiihotit borrowing upon the fcubjec. With out iiid'jltriiir iu theorie3 as to the I cause of this prostration, therefore, 1 will call your attention only to the fact, and tJ some plain questions as to which it w u!d seem there should ho "no dis:i;rreeint ut. Dtiriti this proptration two essential tlements of nrosneritr have been most abundant lab.ir and canital. liorb'hare beenj ISrzely unemployed..,, Whera securi ty has been undoubted, capital L is been attainable at. i cry moderate rates; where labor has been vfanted, it ha befli found in abundance at very clieaj rates, compared with wiiat of the iieeessnrles end com forts of life could be purchased with tho waes demanded. Two preat tlcir.eiits of prosperity, therefore, have ml' Lien denied us; a third might be add:d ': "cur soil, . unequalled within t e limits oi" any contiguous territo ry under one nation 'for its variety of produce to feed and clothe a peo ple, and in tho aniruit of surplus to spare to feed les?. favored poople. Therefore, w It li these facts in vjmv, it Feem that wi.-e f-tatesmanship at this ser-sion of Congress would dic tate legiflatian ignoring the j'ast. di recting in the proper channel these great elements of prosperity to any pet To. DEBT. i Debt abr.tad is the only clement that can, with always a sound cur rency, enter into our affairs to cause any continued depression on tho in-j The borden falls upon them in two dustri. s and prosperity of our people, j ways, by the deprivation of c rnpl jy A great conflict for national existence, I incut and by the 'decreased purchas raatle necessary, for U-mporary pur-) ing power of their salaries. . poses, tlie raising ot largj sums rt money from whatever source attam-j able. It seemed cecessary in thej wisdom of Congress, and I do not j doubt their wisdom in the premi regarding ihe necessity of the times. I to devise a system of national cur rency, which, it proved to lie impos sible to keep oa a par with the fecntr nized currency of the civilized world. This begot a spirit of speculation and exrravaganco and luxury nut requir ed for the happiness and prosperity of a people, and involving both di rectly and indirectly foreign indebt edness, the currency being of fluctu ating value, and therefore unsafe to hold for legitimate trail-actions re quiring money, because a subject of sptcuiation in itself. These two causes however, have involved us in ; a foreign indebtedness contracted in eood " faith by the borrower and lender, which ahould be paid in coin and according to the, bond agreed upon when the debt was' contracted gold or its tqulvalent. . The good faith of tbe Government cannot be violated towards creditors without national disgrace ; but our commerce should bo encouraged, American ship boilding-and carrying capacity in creased, ani foreign markets sought for the products of the soil and tbe manufacture, to the end that we may be able to pav tl.c'se debts. Where a new market cau be created for the sale of our products, cither of the soil, the minnrthe manufactory, a new means is discovered utilizing our idle capital and labor to tbe ad vantage of Ihe whole people. AX EARLY RETURN TO SPECIE PAT MENT URGED. ' Cat, in my judgment, the first step towards accompiir-hinz this object is to secure a eurrency good wherever a essential. It would giye proper civilization reigns one which, when-! elasticity to tie currencies; 43 TO ore ever it' becomes puperahnndant with currency should be required for the one people, will find a market with j transaction of - legitimate business, some others a currency which ha?as!Di;v banks would be started,- and in its basis tbe labor necessary to pro-) duee it, wnicn will give to it us value. . Gold and silver are now tbe recojrnTwd mediums of exebansre the civilized world over, and t this we should return with the least practica ble delay. Ia view of the pledges of the American1 Congress when our present leal tender system was- adopted, ihere should be no delay, retary of tbe Treasury or tbe Execu certainly no unnecessary delay in tive. Congress t-hould make the 6.ing by legislation a method by J regulation under which banks may which we will return to specie. To .exist, but should not make banking trie accompusnment ot tbisead 1 in vite your special attention. I be- lieve firmly there can be no prosper-! shall be authorized. Such iniport ousand permanent revival of busi- j aace do I attach to this subject, nnd ness and industries nntii a policy isjso earnestly do I cojnmead h to your adopted, with legislation to carry it pUei)(.ion, that I give it prominence out, looking to a retu.rn fo 'sppcioj by introducing it at the begining of basis. Jtls easy' to conceive that: ibis message. the debtor and speculative classes; may think it of value to them to make so-called money abundant, until they can throw a portion of their burdens on others; lint even these, I believe, would be disappoiuted in tbe result, if a course should be pur sued which will keep in doubt the value of the legal t rder medium of; exchange. its diplomatic representatives, as also A revival of the productive indus-j with the representatives of other try is needed by all classes, by none! countries, shows a satisfactory corjdi more than the hl lers of propery of j tion of nM Qurations between the whatsoever sort, with dclftj to i(p;i-! 1'Vi.tfd States' and lie most of those date for realisation upon Ju sal. countries, and, with few exceptions, Hut admitting that these two 'classes to which reference is hereafter made, of citizens are to be benefited l y ex-j the abseuce of any points of differ pansfn, would it be honest" to give:enceto be adjusted. The. notice di- jit? too ou.d not the general loss bc,rectc-d by the resulutiou of Congress great to jn-iifiv socb relief ? I o' June 17, 1574, to be given to ter- "i.iu n li.ii wiiin as ishiwi nuu V oi;Id it not be just ... v. , prudent to authorize each debtor to! I 2 urta I.-! larVot . t ti Vl al t f.h . t . a ! issoe bis o- n leRi ieiit-r i i ne i extent of hj j iahi!iius thu i Oo!ire jthis?' U'ouid it riot be safer, for fe'arjtbt j of tivff issue's by unscrupulous credi-j ye tors, to say thst eil deiit oN;gation yessels entering the rts t l tbe are obliterated in tie United States. United States exceptional privileges and now we commence anew, each ! which are not accorded to our own possessing all that he has at tbe time j ye? sjc1.'' 0;b?r features of tbtjs c,oa frec from encumbrance? These pesi-! veati'n have proved s-titVactory, and t ons art too absurd to.be entertained ; $.ave ."Ve . y tee cjiitiyation, 01; fr a monieut by bitik:?g cr t.onet; mulnally " beneficial commercial ic pcople; ytt cvry d'etaj in pfepara-i ercourse and friendly relations be ticn1 for final resumption partaies of tween tbe two countries. 1 hope this dishonesty, and ia only less so! that negotiations which have Usenin- ESTABLISHED, 1897. PA., WEDNESDAY, as the hope ii held out that a con venient time will at ht-t arrive for the good work of redeeniinjj our pledes to commence. It will never come, in my opinion, except by posi tive action by Congress, nr by ca- ttional disasters which vviil destroy fir a time at least the credit of tbe ; individ'ial and the stale at lare. A sound curreucy might be reached by total bankruptcy aud discredit of the inteariiv of the uaticti and of indi viduals. I believe it is the duty of Congress at this ses.-ion 1 1 device such legisla tion as will renew confidence, revive industries, start us oa a career of prosperity to last for. many years, and to sa.e the credit of tho nation and cf the people. Step toward ihe return to a specie basis are great requisites devoutly to be sought for, and there are others which I may touch upon hereafter. A nation deal, ing in a currency below that of specie in value labors under two great disadvantages: First, having no use for the world's acknowledged medfhinia of exchange, gold and bil ver. these are driven out of the coun try lecausethere is uo' demand for their use: second, the medium of ex change In use being of a fluctuating value, for afier ai! it u only worth just what it ill purchase of gold and silver metals having an . in trinsic value just in proportion to the honest labor it takes to produce them. A larger margin must be allowed f ir profit bv tho manufacturer and producer. It is month from the! date of production to the date of real ization. Interests upou capital must he charged, and risk of fluctuation in the value of that which is to be i received in payment added., hence high prices acting as a protection . to the foreign producer, who receives nothing in exchange for the products of his skill and labor except a curren- over. It seems to me that nothing is clearer than that the greatest part of the burden of existing prustratioa, for tbe want of a sound financial j system, falls upon tho working man, who must, after all, produce the wealth, and the salaried mart who superintends and conducts business. ; REPEAL OP THE LEGAL TENDER ACT de the KE0 tMMENPEO. It js the duty of Congress to vie the method t correcting evils which are acknowledged to ex 1st, and no more; butt win venture to suggest two or three things which seem to me as absolutely necessary to a return to specie payments, ihe firrt great requisite in a "return to prosperity. Tbe legal tender clause to 'be law authorizing tie usue of currently by the National Oovernr mebt rhould be repealed, to take ef fect as to all contracts entered into after a day fixed in tbe repealing act, not ta apply, however, to pavnient of salaries by Government or for other expenditures now provided bv law to be paid in currency in the inter- vai penning uctween repeal ana enai resumption. Provision should be made by which tbe Secretary of tbe Trea.-ury can obtain gold as it may become necessary from time to time, from the date when specie redemption commences. To this might and should be added a revenue safac tut ly in excess of expenses to insure an accumulation of gold iu the Treasury to sustain redemption. I commend this subject to your careful consid eration, believing that a favorable solution is attainable, and that if reached by this Congress, that the present and future generations will ever gratefully remember it as their deliverer from a thraldom of evil and disgrace. FREX KAN KING. ' With resumption, free banking may be authorized with safely, giv ing the full protection to bill holders which they have undercxisting laws. Indnnif T va'nnlil rpo-aril frp liantin'e turn banks would wind up their 1 1 .. : ...1 . . e. 1 .k. a. OltslUta 1 lieu iv as iuuuii luuk tunc was a supera Sundance of currency. The experience and judgment of the people can best decide just how much currency is required for the transac tion of the business of the country. It is unsafe to leave the settlement 0f this question to Conyress. tbe Sec a monopoly by limiting tbe amount of redeemable paper currency that CONTINCr.D faiTSNLLY RELATIONS WITH OT1IEB POWERS. During tbe past year nothing has oecurnd to disturb the general friendly and cordial relations of the United States with other powers. The correspondence submitted here- with between the Government" and : . 1 . initiate iuu convention of Ju!v li, l!5S, between th United States and iiciffilim. has Ix-f-n Livca ant. the iretwly will accordingly terminate on tue ist aayoi uiy, to i o. This con- rentioD eeeured to certain Uelgian DECEMBER 1G. 1871. vited will result in the celebralioa of auother treaty which may tend to the interests of both countries. Our relations with China couiinue to be friendly. During the past year lha fear of hostil.rics between China and Japan, growing cut cf the land ing of nn armed force upon the Is land of Formosa bv the latter, has occasioned uneasiness. It is earnest ly hoped, however, that the diSeul ties arising from this cause will be ad justed, aud that the advance of civil ization in these empires msy not be retarded by a state of war. Ia con sequence of the part takeu by cer tain citizens of the L'uhed States in this cxpeaition, our representative:- j in those countries have been instruct-1 ed to impress upou tho Goverumeai of Cama and Japan the firm inten tion of this country to maintain strict neutrality in the event of hostilities, and to carefully prevent any infrac tion of law oi the part of our citizens. CHINESE IMMlUIUTION AND ITS CHAR ACTERISTIC. In connection ith lids subject 1 call the attention of ngrrss to n generally conceded fact, that the creat proportion of the Chinese im- migrants who have onie to our enorcsaonotc imavoi-.n.i rny to mae tneir nomes wun 113 iceir laoor 1 productive of general prosperity, but come under contract with head men, who own them almost absolutely. In a wt-r.-t form does this apply to Chiutto women. Hardly a percep tible percentage of them perform any honorable labor, but they are brought for .ahnmefu! purpose, to the dUgrace of the communities where settled aud the 'great demoralization if the youth of those localities. Ifthis evil prac tice can be legislated against, it will bo my pleasure as well as duty to eu force any regulation to secure s) de sirable an eud. . CI0SER RF.LATIC.X.S WITH JAPAN. . It is hoed that negotiations bo tween the Governine?; of Japan and the treaty powers, loukiog to ihe f'uriher opening of the empire and to the removal of various restrictions upon trade and travel, may soon produce the results desired, which cannot Tail to inure to the benefit of all parlies. Having on previous oc casions submitted to the considera tion of Congress tbe propriety of the release of the Japanese Government from the further payment of tbe in demnity under tbe convention oi Oc tober 22, 1SG4, and as no action had been taken thereon, it became my duty to regard the obligations of the convention as ia force, and as the other powers interested had received their proportion of the indemnity iu tbe Minister of the United State3 on behalf of this Government, has received the remainder of the amount due the United States under tie con vention of Simouost ki. I submit the propriety of applying the income of a part, if not of the whole, of this fund to the education in the Japanese language of a ruiu her of young men to be under obligations to serve tbe Government for a specified term as interpreters at the legations and con sulates in Japan. A limited number of Japanese youths might, at the same time, be educated in our owu vernacular, and mutual benefits would result to both Governments. The importance of having our own citi zens competent and familiar with the language of Japan, and act as inter preters and ia olLer capacities con nected with the legation and consu lates ia that country, cannot be over estimated. CLAIMS Or BRITISH SUBJECTS PAID. The amount awarded to the Gov ernment of Great Dritaiu by the mixed commission organized under the provisions of tbe treaty of Wash ington in settlement of the claims of British subjects arising from acts committed between April 13, 18H1, and April 0, lSGo, becamepayable un der the terms of the treaty within the patsyear, and was paid upon .he 21st day of September, 1874. In this connection I renew, my recommenda tion, made at the opening of the last session of Congress, that a special poqrt be created to hear and deter mine all claims of aliens agaicst the United States arising from acts com mitted ngaicit their persons and property during the insurrection. It appears, equitable that opportunity should be offered to titizens of other States to present their claims, as well as to those Diusa subjects whose claims not admissible under the late commission, to the early decision of some competent tribunal. To this end J recommend the necessary leg islation to organize a court to disjKise of all claims of aliens of the nature referred to in an equitable and satis factory manner and to relieve Con gress and the departments from tbe consideration cf these questions. NEWFOUNDLAND PROCLAM. .T10N. The legislation necessary to ex ffui to ti0 colony of New Found-; land certain articles of tho treaty of Washington of the Sih day of May JS74, having been had, a protocol to that effect was signed in behalf of ihe United States and of Great Britain on the 2Sth day of May, last, and was duly proclaimed on the fol lowing dav. Atopy of the procla-1 mation is submitted herewith. i THE NORTHWESTERN EC UNCART, j CHANGES NECESSARY KN TUK lWS KE- A copy . of the report of the Com-j latino, to sxpatriation. mission appointed under the . act cf; , have , ;u ta ca;Ube aUenlion March 19 18.2, for .urvey.og aBs;of Congres to tbe unsatisfactorv con making the boundary ovtw een lie i v.: .i - .- t -'i r i" . ac. , i.i r . i dition of the existing laws with itf L mteq States and the Bruit-h posses-! , . , .? . , , r .t v i i- i ii- i !renee to expatriation and the elec tions from the Lake of the Woods ,: . r .- ,-. t , , tion of nationality, rormerly amid to tre summit of the Wky Mcun-conf,i(;li and decil-f0B8 it tains, herewith transmitted I,WM deterraioe am happy to announce that the Geld j far ,h Jonrioe ct' work of tue Commission Las been , - - , i j.i Ul--'fu "Ha ,tcu leg-.aa.-e wa3 applicable to citizens of completed, and the entire line from . & UnUed g Congress, by the the northwest corner of the U!ct of lbe 27lh of Ju, ". of the Wo-ds to the summit f. tetl the abstract right or cxpatri.tioa the Rocky Mountains has been run J ft anihwnXf priuci fe oltk and Utaricd upon the surfaco of thej0ownnicn t, n.titastaQdW wbick earth, It is Ulieved that tne aiWt; noa ,niJ lhe Beceiiily fomal remaining unexpended of the Ppro- j ,iwtio0 c( tU pjineiple, no-legis-priat.on made at trie la.t . session . of : u defining what Congress will be sufl.eient to com-j uf rui,,itl shall work epa plete ue' office work 1 t?eWM;iti M wbeQ ft citizen shal! be that the authority o? Congress bj lt renounced or to kave iveq to lie kv of ue uexjenAd; ,0j)t b- ciUjcip. iaportaaee .baV.cp of the appropi iauoA ia the j of &wk deSnitwi is b,"rous. Tie complettoa oi the work ot tVo Co-u- j repiwta,i4.$ bf tke United States miiiioa in making up and preparing -i countrUs are coatUftally the necessary maps. fUed upon lead tbeir aid and the the Alabama claims. CQyiw- j protection of the United States to The court koown as the Court cf i uersons concerning the good faith or Commissioners of Alabama Claims, j the reality'of whose citizenship there createi by an act of Congress of tbe last session, ha3 organized and com menced its work, and it is to be boptfd that the claims admissible un der the provisions of the act may be speedily ascertained and paid. CONCESSIONS IHOM TCRKET. - It has been deemed advisable to exercise theoiiscretion conferred up on the Executive at tbe last session, by accepting the conditions required by ths Government of Turkey for tho privilege of allowing citizens ef tbe United Slates to hold real estate in the former country, and by assenting to n certain change of jurisdiction of uourt ia question. .A copy of the proclamation on these subjects is here with communicated. MEXICAN OUTRAGES ON THE TEXAS BORDER. There has been ho material change in our relations wiih the Indepen dent States of this hemisphere, which were formerly under the dominion of Spain. Marauding oa the frontiers between Mexico and Texas still fre quently takas place, despite the vigi lance of the civil and military au thorities in that quarter. The diffi culty of checking such trespasses along ti e course" of a river of such , !ea,nh as the Ilio Grande, and so of ten fordahle, is obvious. It is hoped that the efforts of the Government will be seconded by those of Mexico to the effectual suppression of the acts of wrong. MEXICAN UfcAIMd COMMISSION. From a report upon the condition cf tho business before the American and Mexican Joint Claims Commis sion, made by the agent on the part of tho United States and dated Octo ber 23th 1S74. it appears that of the 1.017 claims filed on the part of the United Slate, 4$" had been finally decided, aa J 75 were in the bands of the umpire, leavinJ: 402 to be dis posed of; and of the 90S claims filed against the Uuited Slates 72G bad been finally decided, one was before ihe umpire, and 171, remained to be disposed of Since tbe date of encb report, other claims have been dis posed of, reducing somewhat the number still pending, and others have bee's passed upon by the arbitrators. It has become apparent, in view of these figures and of the fact that the work devolving on tie umpire ia par ticularly laborious, that the Commis sion would be enable to dispose of the entire uuniber of claims pending prior to the first day of February, 1373, the date fixed for its expiration. Negotiations are pending looking to the securing of the results of the de cisions which have been reached, and to tin farther extension of the Com mission for a limited time, which it is confidently hoped will suffice to bring all the business now before it to a final close. THE PTRU'E IN THE ARGENTINE RE PUBLIC Is to be deplored, both on account of the parties thereto and from tbe probable effects on tbe interests of those engaged in the trade to that quarter, of whom the Uniied States are among the principal. -As yet, so far as I am aware, there" has been no violation of our neutrality rights, which, as well as our duties in that respect, it shall be my endeavor to maintain and observe. RECALCITRANT VENEZUELA. It is with regret I annoonce that no further payment has been re ceived from the Government of Venezuela on accouut of awards in fvor of citizens of the United States. Hopes have been entertained that if that Republic could escape both foreign and civil war for a few years, its great natural resources would en ablo it to honor ha obligation! Though, it Li now understood to be ai peace with other countries, a seri ous insurrection is reported to be in progress in an important region of that republic. This may be taken advantage of as another reason to de lay the payment oftbe dues of our citizens. THE DEPLORABLE STRIFE IN CUBA Continues without any marked change in the relative advantages of the contending forces. Tbe insurrec tion continues, but Spain has gained no superiority. Six years of strife give the insurrection a significance which cannot be denied. Its dura tion and the tenacity of its advance, together with the ahsencc of mani fested power of suppression on the part of Spam, cannot be controverted, and piay make some positive steps on tbe partof other powers a matter of self-necessity. OUR RELATIONS WIT SJWIN. I had confidently hoped at this time to be able to announce tho ar rangement of some of the important questions between this Government and thai of Spaio, but tbe negotia tions have been protracted, the un happy intestine dissensions of Spain command our profound sympathy, and must be accepted as perhaps a cause of some delay. An early set tlement, in part at least, of tbe ques tion between the Governments is hop ed, lathe meantime, awaiting tbe results of immediately pending ne gotiation, I defer a further and fuller communication on tbe subject of ihe relations of this country and Spain. 1 1 . NO. 2(5 is at least ouestion. Ia sme cases ihe provisions f the treaties furnish some guide; in others it seems left to tne persons claiminsr the beneSt of persons citizenship while living in a foreign country, contributing in no manner to the performance of tho duties of a citizen of the Lnited States, and without intention at inr tirnA-, r.. turn and undertake those duties t0 use the claims of citizeosLiu of the f citizenship of the United ' States simply as a shield from the performance of the obliga tions of a citizen elsewhere. The status of children born of American parents residing in a foreign country, of American women w ho have been married to trliens, of American citi zens residing abroad, where such question hs not regulated by treaty, are ali questions of freqnent difficulty and discussion. Legislation on these and similar questions, and particu larly defining when and under what jscircumstanccs expatriation can be ac complished, it is to be presumed, is especially needed. fraudulent naturalization. In this connection I earnestly call tbe attention 'of Congress to the dif ficulties arisinor from fraudulent nat uralization. The United Stat a wise ly, freely and liberally offers its citi zenship to all who may come in good faith to reside within its limits, on their eomplving with certain pre3crib- i v c,.MAi:, cu reasonamo an. tm..t.. ana ctnuitions. abw;is tue iinrues-i duties of the Government is that to j J,""u ..". .v fC m l n,nm AfTintnnf nif Pnflfll nrrt- iiti tiou l o at, H.". I. ItlAIJ--, " .'..u' i ii tive bnrn or naturalized. Care should be taken that a right earrvin-r with it such support from the Government should not be fraudulently obtained, and shon'd be. bestowed onlv npon full proof of a compliance with the law; and ypt there are frequent in stances ui nirirai atiu irsiuiuient nut- . ?n i -l e i uraliaation and of the unauthorized use oi certincates inns lmrropenv obtained. In pome cases the fraudu lent character of tbe naturalization ha3 appeared upon the face of the certificate itself; in others examina tion discloses that, the holder had not complied with the law, and in others certificates have been obtained where the persons holding them not only were not entitled to bo naturalized, but had not even been within tbe United Stales at the time of the pre tended natnralization. Tntanresof each of hese classes of fraud are discovererd at our -legation, -where the certificates of naturalization are presented either for the purpose of obtaining passports or in demand in? the protection of the leeation. nen tne irana 13 apparent on in face of such certificate they are taken no by the representatives t tbe Government and forwarded tbe Department of State; bnt even the record of tba court in which the fraudulent naturalization ocenred re mains and duplicate certificates are readily obtainable. Upon the pre sentation of these for the issue of passport', or in demanding protec tion of the government, the frand sometimes escapes nr.tire, and such certificates are not infrequently nsed in transaction of business to the de ception and injury of innocent par ties Without placing any addition al obstacles in tbe way of tbe ob tainment of citizenship by the worthy and well intentioned foreigner who comes in good faith to cast bis lot with ours. T earnestly recommend further legislation to punish fraudu lent natnralization, and to secure the ready cancellation of tbe record of natnralization made in frand. TREATIE3, RATIFIED. Since my last annual mesa?e the the exchange has been made of the ratification of treaties of extradition with Belgium, Equador. Pern and Salvador; also a treaty of commerce and navigation with Peru, and one of commerce and consular privileges with Salvador, all of which have been duly proclaimed, as ha also a declaration with Russia with refer ence to trade marks. COT ERNMENT RECEIPTS D1TCEES. AND EXPEN- Tbe report of the Secretary of the Treasury, w hich is made directly to Congress, and forms no part of this message, will show the receipts and expenditures of tbe Government for tbe last fiscal year, tbe amount re ceived from each Source of ItieuUe, and tbe amount paid out for each of the departments of the Government. It will be observed from lhe report that tbe amount of reeeipts over ex penditures baa been but $2,344,3S2, tor the fiscal year ending June 30, 1374, and that for tbe current fiscal year the estimated receipts over ex penditures will not much exceed nine millions of dollars. In view of the large national debt existing, a ad tbe obligations to add one per cent, per annum to tbe sinking fund, a sum amounting to now over $:00,000 per annum, 1 submit whether revenue should not lts increared or expendi tures diminished to meet this amount of surplus. Not to provide for tie sinking fund is a partial failure to -it eti- comply with tbe contracts and obli-1 gatioaa of the Government. Al tbe last session ot congress a very considerable reduction made in tbe rates f taxi'ia a -u the number of ar..v"s submitted taxation. The question utay well lie asked whether or not, in some in stances it is unwise. Ia connection with this subject I too em of the opinion that the means of collecting the revenue, emecially from imports, have been so embarrassed by legisla tion as to make it questionable whether or not large amounts are not lost by failure to collect, to the direct loss of the Treasury and to the prejudice of tbe interests of honest importers and taxpayers. The Sec retary of tbe Treasury, in his report, favors legislation looking to an early return to specie payments, thus sup- porting tbe view previously expres-; eed ia this message. He also recorn-j prC!F,rialion9, Th8 eij designated meDtls economy la appropriation, unquc3lioriai;y 0De of inures, calls attention to the loss of revenue an( one capaUe of large .j.velej from repealing tbe tea and coffee tax mer u of corDrcerci,, ;DUirt8U without benefit to the consumer, re-j s to lhe ks WMae j commends an increase of ten cents a to lLoge who eslAUiShed nla- gadon on whiskey, and further tlat lioES ila lhera no modification be made in tbe bank- ing and currency bill passed at the XDrcATio or the PtOFLX last session of Congress, unless mod- entitled to tbe right cf franchise f re iScation should become necessary by grd essential to ganeral prosperi reason of the adoption cf measures for Concdtd an fourth pa:. iii,- """" 1 coriiar: i R A I'JUlV.iVFf.i.i, . ,, . J k. ,.( :t!j . i J wowkl suggest to Conrew.Ue ptofntty of readjusting the tarv;T so, i us to liicro tse tie revenue, and at the j same Uan to decrease Hie cuoilier of jartick's upon which duties a'e levied, j Those articles which enter Into oar ; manufactures and arQ iot prod iced j it .home, it wcms to me, should be manufacture which we produce a con- suiueiu parlor, outdo not produce the whole, that part which rt do not produce should enter free also. I w ll instance tine w'tol, dyes, tic. These ailiclcs must U: imported to form a ?art r tlje manufacture of the hih- icr Sradi--s of woolen goods; chemicals j u.1 &a dye, expounded iu medi- r'"es' an" ,He tarious ways in manu.uclures, come under this class. The introduction freeof duty of such wools as we du not produce shouid stimulate tho manufacture of ,rxU i requiring the use of thoe we do oro- j ami ineieiure noui.i be a lent i tU to honle production. There r are many articles entering into home manufactures which, we do not pro duce, ourselves, the tari.Tnpon wbith iuercases the cost of producing the manufactured article. Ali corrections in this regard are ia the direction of bringing labor and capital in har mony with each other, and of sjpply ing one of the elements of prosperity ao much needed. tub report of the secretary 0? War, Herewith attached, and forming a part of this message, gives all tbe in formation concerning trie operations, wants and necessities of the army, and contains many suggestions and recommendations which. I commend to 3'our secial attention. There is no class of Government employees who are harder worked than the army ollkcrs and r.ieii none who perforin their tasks more cheerfully and fcukhsitly, ami m d r cirtu n siances of gi eater privations and hardships. Legislation is desirable i to rentier more cilkient this brands of the public senile. All the reoouj- nv.nlo;i.-.-.a ftfll.a C. t V - . . r n H'giira as judicious, and I especial- ly commend to your attention the following: The consolidation of Gov erns cut aisenals ; the restoration of mileage to olliwers traveling under or ders; the exemption of money receiv ed from the sale of subsistence store from being covered into the Treasu ry ; the use of appropriations for tho n,,.,.!, f .nKoi...,,,.., t(r. ;t!.. ; out waiLilli; rr lhe LegiuLing of the . :.,.! . i,.i, ,i, appropria tion is made ; for additional appro priations for the collection cf torpedo materials; fr inceased appropria tions for the rnaiiuf-iettire of arms ; for relieving the various States from indebtedness) for arms charged to them during lb rebellion ; for drop ping officers from the rolls of the army without trial for the otToiiee of drawing pay tne than once for th same period; for the discouragement of the plan to pa- soldiers by checks, and of the establishment of a profes sionship of rhetoric and English lit erature nt Weft IViut. The reasons for these recommendations aro obvi ous, and ar Set forth sutikiently iu the repjrt attached. I also reeom- i ,iw t.t, kt ltr - rf ih r:.iv i be fixe,i whcre th ha9 not already t been ooe, so tu.it promotions my : o ni ri 1 .-, ir(i rnani'taa fi 1 Lr a a iKav i occur in each grade when reduced be l low the numlerto be fixed by law. . j The necessity for such legislation i. i special!' felt now in the Pay Diri ment, liie number ofofncera vr that department is below the number ade q rate to the pei formance of the du ties required of them by law. the navt. The efficiency of the ary lias Leeu largely increated during the last year, under the impulse of the foreign complications which threat ened us at t!ie commencement of the last session of Congress. Most cl tur efficient wooden ships were put in condition fr immediate service, and the repairs of our iron clad Beet were pushed with the utmost vigor. The result is, that most of these are now in aa effective state, and neel only to be manned and put in com mission to go at once into service. Some of the new sloops suthorized by Congress are already in commis sion, and most of the remainder are launched an 1 only wait the comple tion of their machinery to enable them to take their places as part of our effective force. Two iron torpe do ship3 have been co mpleted during tns ra.'1 year, and four of our largo double-turrcted iron dads are ixn undergoing repairs. When these are finished, everything that is useful oZ our navy as now authorized will be in condition f r service, and witk th advance in the science of torpc ! war fare, tiie American navy, eompa a tively small as it is, wlil be found at any time sufficiently powerful for the purposes of a peaceful nation. M . h m s;,o been accomplished during the year in aid of science, and to increase the sum of general knowl edge and further the interests or coaimeic? and civilization. Exten sive and much needed soundings have been made fur hydrographic ptirpos s. and to fix the proper routes of ocean telegraphs. Further survey of the Great Isthmas have Lee a un dertaken and completed, and tw vessels of the navy are now employed in conjunction with those of England, France, Germany and Russia, in ob- iservations connected with the transit o Venus, so useful ar.d interesting to the scientific world. The estimate for this branch ofthe public svivk do not differ mater':ally from tt ose vf bint tmSJ. f..r !. n.noril ! r..f- , ;. OU JUUIw VI blitz DV " 1 V X7 lis i w . . . anmt !mrrr.v,mft, .t tho various sutions rather than the correponning esti- Trade a year ago. Regular . .,......ti.nnrp anil a fctpil v inrrpujU" in lllHfl. Ul."VM ' J LI'C i iu.iii j v v 1 1 1 .ii v . i "i 1 v arm- ia proportion to the growth of our maritime intercourse and inter est, is recom minded to the attention nf fYinoTPsa- The nse cf the navv in itill.e of peace might be farther util- ized by a direct authorization of the employment of naval vessels in ex ploration and surveys of supposed navigable waters of other nationali ties cn this continent, specially the tributaiies of tbe two great rivers of South America the Oronoco and lhe Amizon. Nothing prevents, un der existing laws, such explorations, except that extendilures must le m-iit in .audi iritinn hernnil , h usu.tjr provided for in the sp
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