-fy?r-y-.iui',ir,''" n ERICAN. II. B. MASSER, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. OFFICE, MARKET STREET, OPPOSITE THE POST OFFICE; SMBUEY AM j SI jramHa ilcvuspajjcr-Dcliotrli to 4Jol(t(ts, aftcr.iturr, ittornKtjj, jfctclan ano DomcsUc Slctos, Science ano the arts, CTorlculturr, Xttartiets, eUttUsrmcntsTci NliW SKUIKS VOL. 4, NO. 99. SUM1IJKY, XOK t il U.M nr.lM.AM) COLMV. 1 A., BA'I LliDAY, OUTOIiKIl II. 1831. OLD SKRIKS VOL. fl, NO. " ' 1 iiiiaSriiisisMian TERMS OP THE AMEilluAN. TIIK AMKltirAN in pnlili.iieil every SMuril.iy at TWO DOLL. MIS per miiiiuiii In tie nil half yearly in advance. N a itatier i;ic iitiiiant uatii all nri'cauiKs are aid. All cmnnuiiiicti"in or le isr 01. jnsmew mating In 11106, to insure altl'MMiltl, ll;nl ! l'uscr PAID. '! ll l 1 L I..-' Tare, ena.e. In i:,t i.i;i':i-"- ?3(0 eV.II . IJ III nil FiftMU JJ . in ''(i0 Piv. iliillir. in i'.c v,. vv.:: ;ir; '.' ,rs, I .ill Mripiiim L liie A'n.-ii.-.n. On. Satiate nf la linv-.. 3 !iii.t-it ttrery MtsequcM iiwaleu, Oltc Square, 3 Mi'itlllix, Mix miiuiiIih, ne year, u.iiicM Cnr,t. nf Five lines. per niinnin, Merrlinic.a anil ntlierit. nit.-crtisina liy tin. yeur. wuli tlie 'tvilc,e ol' inserting MfiTPllt .dl'iMti.lliniLN weekly. t) ''0 3mi 4'J (I'll 3(10 10 (HI Or urgei Atlv.Tlj?iu:ils, a. per agreeme ill. A TTUII A I) V AT LAW, SUNBUHY, PA. Business ntiended loin the Counties of Nor th umbo land, Lniou, Lycoming auJ Columbia. Ilrfrr 1.1 r. c A. Knv.nnlt, Lower A Hurrnn, isomers & Sniidirruss, Pintail. Reynolds, M cFiirland & Co., Sjicring, Good A; Co., NEW STORE AT HOLLOWING HUN. At tht Cross Rnmh, irnr J. D. Conrads, Lower A'lvufta. J. II. KAIWMAX r KsPR( 1TL LLY informs his friends and llie public generally, that lie has just receiv ed and opened a new stock of rooiUt which he li.w oilers fur Kale on the moKt reasonable tt-rins. Hi stock consists in part of MX'H AS Cloths, Cnsslmercs, Satlinetts, Merinos, i-f. runnner wear of all kind Muslins, Calicoes, (iinghums. Checks, &c. ALSO : An .sortim-iit of llarilu.irc of all kinds, most Hi'iiiTiilly in use. ALSO: (iroccrlcs of all Kinds, At Snart Coffft, Tea, Miluascs, Spirits, lec. AIX): (Jwci-imwarc uud Crockery ware, a full assortment. Also Silk Jlats, ChiJ H:its, nud Straw Ituta. ALSO : A n nsso.tinriit of Liijuors, vii : Ijuandv. Wink, Wiiiskkv, &o. nenidrs a ariety nf other iirtich's, inost gener ally used and in want I'v 1'irioers and other ier aonn, nil of v liich he will sell to iuri-hascra at a savin: of ten ier cent, hv i ullins on him. All kinds of produce taken in cxi-hange for R.nils at the highest market prii e. Hollowing Kim, . jii.il yii. 1M5I. tf. fcPRlNG AND BUMMER CLOTHING. IVEHVHOHi slionld einliraee this oiiportu nity to I-uy CLOI Iil.Ni; for Men, V.nilh and liovs. at such prices ns have neer jet lieeu Unawii'm this 'itv. at (n'.Oiif.'K CI.'LIX'S i'LOI'Ill.Xtt Ks'l'A HI. Is KM KV! Souih-Kast Comer of Market and Second Streets, Philadel phia, unlirai ini; a rlioii.c nf ihe hest, most denira ble, ami I'ashiiinalile DRESS AND FROCK! COATS, Haliit Cloth do.. Linen l.riliinn ilo Tweeds, Ac, &.e., together with a (Treat variety of LVS ClilhU'., Coni.is!lii'I (if Sai ( n :ls, I n.k:l J ic ...Is, ii.oll- key Jackets, Vests mid lloiuid Jackets made of Tweed. Linen llri'.liiiii. Cloth, Alpaee-i. Kfc:s.i mier. Doeskin, & e., eie. railii ular care has l i en I il:en ti procure the new stvVs for Men nnd Hovs' Siinimr." Coats. I'uiitalooiis. Ve-ts, Aic, to which he would invite special nlteiilion. Fill liisl.H'!'; 1mk1s. Consisiina of! !! of w ! v h : ult l lic a fM-).e ::, 1'ia i" )':. ' . I '.ll. I H.h.r. -1 bis :: i- ': r eh'et's Ac; he. '.olliiiitf : , are ear- Alk,.';. ; p.,! f.-!i -.t . her- t'.ie ;,? I i y l:;e sii. s. ri J .Miii-o's Con e iiilainlo? the ;lti, and to I ol : .tf rlensed IVnnsyi . am i Ket-i. .-. lust three volumes 1 1 c.'li'.-' 1 first volumes el Ll tune ol An. i n. cm. ' 's i The lirsl vol inin Dallas' l!i porls, 4 vol- Bines; nnd Wales' l.'r.nlts. volume 1, is also on hand, nnd ir sale. The uluve two volumes are complete within themselves, and contain all of Dallas' Keports, 4 volumes, and all of YcatiV Reports, 4 volumes. In side, llie two first volumes of Ui'nney's Keporls. The third volume is ready and will he put to press imuiediutelv. IL 11. MASSLK, Agent. Sunlniry, Aej. 10, 1861. NAOTai HOTEL, SIIAMOKIN, Northumberland County, Pa. TIf Uiutiscrilii'r resjieclfully informs his friends and the puhlic generally, that he has nH'ii ail a new Hotel in the town of Shainokin, Nor thuinlierlaiHt county, on tut corner of Sh.imokiii and Commerce streets, nearly oppovie to the House he formerly kept. He i well prepared to accommodate his guests, and is also provided with good stahling. lie triwt his experience, and strict attention to business, will induce s?r toiis visiting the cons region to continue the lib eral patronage lie lia heretofore receiveiL WILLIAM WEAVE'K. Shamokms April 19, 1850-tf. JAMES II. MAGKU HAH removed from his old bland, So. 118 Vine street, to JTo. 53 DMwyn St., (beCn Cttl'hill !f tt'illovt,) where he has constantly on hand,- BROWN STOUT, PORTER Ale and CTderv roa HOME CONSUMPTION OR SHIPPING. y, D. Coloring, Bottling, Wire and Bottles, Vinegar, Ac For sale as aliove. yhiladeluhia, April IS, 1851.-1 y. lycoming' Mutual Insurance Company. D1W. U. MASSER ia the local agent for the above Insurance Company, in Northumber land county, and ia at all time ready to slice t Insurance, against fire on real of personal pro perty, or renewing policies for the same. Sunbury, April 26, 1851. tf. JUSTICES' FEE WLLS. For aula by 11. B. MASSER ftnnbury, April 1851 select poetry. Frotn t)m IviiHtnu Punch. Last Appendix to Yankee Doodle. Ynnke Doodle 5ent to town Ilia uonil for pxliibiiiun ; Evfryboily ran lum ilnwn, A'hI laoiiliPil at his pnpilion Th" thuiuht I: i hi all llio woilil behind; A im:u', m t; II ci r noodle; Liu uh :i, yooil pi-ciph' nt"v!r n.iinl S.ijs (piii'l Viinkei! D.iihIIc. Chorus Vankee Doodle, &.C. Vnnkee Doodle h:ul n craft, A ratlior tidy clipper, Ami he rlialleiiired while' tln-y laugluul, Th Britishers In w hip her. Their whole! yacht s'y.uulion hn outped, And lh.it mi llieir own wnlur; Of all llio lot slm went iihi ad, Ami they caiiic iiow hern nrtrr. Choius Yankee Djodlc. &c. OVr Pa n a inn there vviia a ceh, :ue Lnns talked of, in puisne a Slioit rniiie Hhi.-li many thought a dream liy Lake Niearanua. John Hull discussed ihe plan on foot, Willi alow iiTi'suluiicin, While Yankee Doodle Vent anil put il into f eiitiiui. Chorus Yankee Doodle, &c. A atenmT (if th Collins line, A Yankoe Dunlin's notion, He also quickest cut the brine, Aeios llie Atlantic Ocean ; And Hritisli agents, noways slow Her merits to discover, Have been nud bronolit her just to tow The Cunard packets over. Chorus Yankee Doodle, &c. Your gunsmiths of their skill may crack, lint that nouin don't mention ; I plies that CollTsi levolvers whaek Their very first invention. By Yankee Doodle, ton, you're beat Diiwnriplit in agriculture. Willi his machine for reaping wheat, Chaw'd up as by a vnhnie. Choius Yankee Doodle, &c. Yon also fancied in ynnr pride, Which tiulv is tai uai ion, Them BiitLsh locks of yours defied The iriiriiesuf all creation; But Clmblis' and U. amah's Hulibs lias piek'd, And you nmst now be vievv'd all, As havino been completely lick'd By yl'iiiiins Y i kee Diodle Clioiu- V r kee D iodle, &c. historical Skctcl). THE LAST. DAYS OF COPERNICUS. A TUVE HISTORY. It was a still, clear night in the month of May, 1513; the stars shone biightly in Ihe heavens, and all the world slept in the little town of Wernica, a canonrv of Prus sian Poland all save one man, who watch ed alone in a solitary chamber at the sum mit of a lofiy tower. The only furniture of this apartment consisted of a table, a lew biuk-', and an iron lamp. Its occu pant was an old nun ol anout seventy, howed down by years nud toil, and his mow furrowed by anxious thoughts; but bis eye kindled wi:b Ihe lire ol genius, and bis tuilile countenance was expressive of iitle kindness, and ol a calm, contempla tive disposition. His white hair, parted on his forehead, f, in waving locks over his .siiniildi-rs. He wore the ecclesiastical cos it. me ol ;lie age and country in which he lived the hitu;; strniglit robe, with a fur cottar jn.i double sieevis, which were also lined with U:r as bir as the elbow. Tii- ul.l man w as Ihe gr. at astronomer, Mil' u.i.. Cup i';. i. us, doctor uf philosophy, i.i .i: ., ..ml in. (In ine, titular cann'i of iVii im .i, ,i:id honorary professor ol IJolog :.a, r.iiio', fc. Copernicus had just com pleted his Work ' Oil Ihe Kevo!l(lioll3 of llie II avenly Bodies." In the midst of pov erty, ridicule ami persecution, without any other support than that of his own modest genius, or anv instrument save a' triangle ol wo. id, he bad unveiled heaven to earth, and was now approaching the term of his career just as he had established on a firm basis tliogi' discoveries which were destrned to change the whole face of astronomical sciences. On that verv day the canon of Wernica had received Ihe last proof-sheets of his book, which his disciple Rheticns was gel ling printed at Nuremberg; and, belore sending hack these final prools, he wished to verily for (lie last time the results of his discoveries. I leaven seemed to have sent him a niaht expres ly fitted for the pur prrse, and he passed the whole of it in his observatoiy. When the astronomer saw the stars beginning to pale in the rasb rn sky, lie took the triangular instrument, which he had constructed wilh his own hands out of three did", rent pieces of wood, and directed it successively towards the four cardinal points ol the horizon. No shadow of a doubt remained ; and over powered by the conviction that he had indeed destroyed en error of five thousand years' duration,- and was about to reveal to the world an imperishable truth; Coperni cus knelt hi the presence of that glorious volume whose starry characters he had first learned to deciplur, and folding his auennweu nanus across his bosom, thanked his-C'reator for havmg opened his eves to understand and read aright' these, His glo rious works. He then returned to the ta ble, and seizing a pen he wrote on the title page of his book "Behold the work of the greatest and most perfect Artisan: the work of God himself." And now, the first excitement liatin passed away, he pro ceeded wilh a co'lected mind to write the dedication of his bonk : "To Ihe Most Holy Father, Pope Paul III: I dedicate my work to your Holiness, in order Ibat all lb world, whether learn ed or ignorant, may see that I do not seek to shun examination and the judgment of my superiors. Your authority, and your love for science io general, and for matbe- matics in particular, will nerve bi shieM t-t rikinr lliat he direclly recoirniscd him nienjraii.st wicked amf -malrrtous danders, self, and piusod, slnpi (led with astonish ii'it witlist jtidiii the proverb which says nient. Dehind the Merry Andrew, whose that there is no remedy against the wounds milicted hy the tonjrue ol calumny, .c. ' "Nicholas ("orrnNici's, of Thorn." Svion the first dawn of day caused the lump of the astronomer to hum more dim ly ; he leant his forehead upon the table, and, overcome with fatigue, sank into a peaceful slumber. After sixty years of la bor, he, in truth, needed repose. Hut his present repose, at all events, was not des tined to be ol long duration ; it wasabrid r ed by the entrance of an asfed servant, who with &lov and heavy step, ascended the tower stairs. "Master," said he to the canon, as he gently touched him upon the shoulder, "the messenger who arrived yesterday Irotn Rheiicns is ready to set out on his return, and i waiting for your proof sheets and letters." The astronomer rose, made tip the pack et, which he duly sealed, and then sank back upon his chair as if wearied by the effort. "But that is not all," continued the ser vant ; "there are ten poor, sick people in the house waiting for yon; and, besides, you are wanted at Frauenberji to look after the water machine, which has stopped working, and also to see the three work men who broke their legs in trying to set it going again." "Poor creatures!" exclaimed Coperni cus; "let my horse be saddled direclly." And with a resolute effort shaking off the sleep which weighed down his eyelids, the good man hastily descended the stairs of the tower. The house of Copernicus was, in out ward appearance, one of the most unpre tending in Wernica. It was composed of a laboratory, in which he prepared medi- cine for the poor; a little studio, in which friends within the building, and we never Ibis man of genius, skilled in ait as well ns , quit "tir posts, either day or night, euard science, painted his own likeness or those j ins the entrance, and keepina watch over of his friends, or traced his reco lections of j 'he workmen. The printers perform their Rome or Bologna; and lastly, of a small ' wrW with one hand, whilst they hold a parlor on the ground floor, which was I P's,l in the other. If we can stand our open for all who came t ) him for reme- suard lor two days, Ihe book issavpd; for, dies, for money, or for food. Over the h't only ten copies be struck olF, and noth door an oval aperture had been cut, through '"2 will any longer he able to destroy it. which a rav of the mid-dav sun dailv nen- i B"'t if eitlu r to-dav nr to-morrow our enr- etrated, and, resting upon a certain point in the adjoining room, marked the hour of noon. This was the astronomical frnnmon of Copernicus ; and the only ornament the room contained were some verses written by his own hand, and pasted up over the chimney piece. It was in this pal lor that the good canon found room to tend invalids who had come to claim his assistance ; dressed the wounds ol some, administered remedies to others, and oa all bestowed alms and words of kindness and consolation. Having com pleted his labors, he hastily swallowed a draught of milk, and was about to set out to Frauenberg, when a horseman, gallop ing up to the door, handed him a letter. lie trembled as he recognized the hand writing ol his friend (ivsius, Bishop of Culm. ' "Mav Clod have pity on us," wrote this letter, "an I avert the blow which imw threatens thee ! Thy enemies and thy ri vals combined those who accuse thee of lolly, and those w ho In-at Ihee as a heretic have been so successful in exciting against thee the minds of the people of Nuremberg, that men curse thy name in the streets ; the priests excommunicate thee from their pulpits; and the University, hearing that thy book was to appear, has decljr. d its intention to break the printing press of the publisher, and to destroy (he work to which thy life has been devoted. Come and lay the storm ; but come (prick ly, or thou wilt be too late." Before Copernicus had finished the peru sil ol this letter, he fell back voieoe.-s and powerless into the arms of his faithful ser vant, and it was some moments before he rallied. When he again looked up, Ihe horseman who had been charged to escort him back asked him how soon he would wish to set out. "I must set out direclly," replied the old man, in a lesigned tone ; "but not for Nnrenburg or for Culm ; the suffering work men at Frauenberg are expecting me ; they may perhaps die if I do not go to Iheii as sistance. My enemies may perhaps des troy my woik; they cannot s'op.the stars in Iheif course." An hour later, Copernicus was at Frau enberg. The machine which he had be stowed upon the town, which was built on the summit of a hill, conveyed thither the waters of Ihe river Bouda, situated at the distance of half a league in the valley be low. The inhabitants, instead of suffering like their fathers, from conlrinted drought, had now only to turn a valve, and the plenteous stream flowed into their houses in rich abundance. This machine had got out of order the preceding day, and the accident had ha pened very inopportunely, becabse this was the festival of the patron saint of Frau enberg. But at the first glance the canon saw where the evil lay, and in a few hours the water flowed freely into the town. His fust cares, we need not say, had been directed to the unhappy man who had re ceived injuries whilst working in Ihe slui ces ; he gel their fractured limbs, and bound them up with his own hands; then commending them to the care of an attend ant, he promised to return and visit them on the morrow. But a blow was about to descend upon himself, which was destined to crush him to the earth. As. he crossed the square, whilst passing through the towu on his return home, he perceived among a crowd a company of strolling players acting upon a temporary stage. The theatre represented ao astro nomical observatory, filled with alt kinds ot . ridiculous instruments-in the midst stood an old man, whose dress and bearing were in the enact imitation ot those of Copernicus. The resemblance was so business it was to hold up the great man to public derision, there stood a personage whose burns and cloven loot destinatei. Satan, and who caused the psuedo Coper nicus to act and speak, as though he bad been an automaton, by means of two slrinsrs fastened to his eats which Were no olher than asses' ears, of considerable dimensions. The parody was composed of several scenes. In the first, the astronomer cave himself to Satan, burnt a copv ol (he Ilible, and trampled a crucilW under foot. In the second, he explained, hy jtiffifling with ap ples in guise ol planels, whilst his head was transformed into a likeness of the sun li)- means of torches uf rosin. In the third, he became a charlatan, a vender of poma tum and quack medicine he spoke dog Latin to the passers by ; sold them water, which he had drawn from his own well, at an exorbitant price ; and became intoxi cated himself with excellent wine, in such copious draughts nf which he did indulire, that he finally disappeared under the table. In the fourth and closing? nets he was again dragged forth to view as one accursed by (iod and man ; and the Devil, dragging him down to the infernal regions amidst a cloud of sulphurous smoke, declaring his intention to punish him for having caused the earth to turn on its axis, hy condem ning him to remain wilh his head down wards throughout iternity. On the day succeedinrr his visit to Frau rnberj, a letter from Rheticns confirmed the sinister predictions of the Bishop of Culm. Thrice had the students of the University made an attempt to invade the printing office whence thi truth was about to issue forth. "Even this very mornin?," wrote his friend "a set of madmen tried to set fire to it. I have assembled all of our mies should succeed in gaining the upper hand" Rheticns left the sentence unfinish ed, hut Copernicus supplied the want he knew how much depended upon (his mo ment. On the third day another messen ger made his appearance, ami he, too, was Ihe bearer of evil tidings: "A compositor, gained over by our enemies, has delivered into their hands Ihe manuscript of Ihe book, and it has been burnt in the public, square. Happily the impression was com plete, and we are now putting it into press. Hut a popular tumult might yet ruin all." When Copernicus thus beheld the trea sured discoveries of his whole lib' held up to the (b iision of an L'norant multitude, his enlighted laitli bianibd ns impiety, and bis self denying beiievuli'iice lidiculed as the quackery ol a charlatan, bis no'.de spirit was at first utterly overwhelmed, and the most . at'lid doiilils ol himself, of man kind, and even of Providence ilsell, rushed upon his mill I. At first he hoped that the ; Fratieiibergiiins, the children of his adop- ' lion, to whose con.f.rt and happiness be had devoted himself for filly years, w udd cut short the disgraceful scene. But alas 1 j he saw his defa.'iii rs Welcomed with ap-! planse by loose on w horn be bad conferred so many benefits. The trial was too much i for his tailing strength; and worn out by j the emnlion and fatigue of the preceding' night, and by the labors ol Ihe morning, he : sunk, I'xhaiisti d, lo the ground. Then, for ' the first time, did the ungrateful multitude' recognise lie ir benefactor; the name of I Copernicus (lew from lip t.j lip lliev , heard that he hud come thai very morning , to the town lo relieve their distress in a moment the current ol popular leeling was -pi,,, ,,if, js (u, ii g to the combined ac- turned, the towd nipeiM-d ihe actors, and j jim (lf ,n wihl .lMll ,1,1, U M;,., nn the first crowded anxiously around the astronomer. of Oot,. ,,,,,,,,,1 . v,..M.u in a Southern lie had only strength left to call lor a lit- ,. . .. . ,,, .,,;, 1" ..,;', wr. , ' ,1 . . , 1 , 1 diieclion, which Ibey continued lor ln en ter, and was conveyed bai K to eriuca in ,. , ,.' ., , :i ,' . . , 1, V I. inordinary peii.ilol tone inonlhs, and until a dying stale. lie lingered, however, s'.ld . t , ,. . .. for five days days ol I11.1I and auxi. t y i "' dutitvr which the'l.imp of genius and faith ''h ion about them foimed one vast plain, still shed its halo around the dying man. ! but it was subjected lo occasional and pow Such was the state of suspense it, whkh 'M di.i.ipiin.i. 0,i the Mfi of December the great Copernicus passed the closing j and 13th of January, the vessels were evpo days of his exist, nee ! Life was i bliing , sed In cocslaiil dangers, .Mm if lhey had lust, and the torpor ot death had already been l.oger, or less candidly guarded wilh begun to steal over his families, when a j double sides nnd heavy braces, Iheir destruc horseman galloped up to Ihe door in breath- ,jim wnuK l,,,vrt been inevitable. The dis less haste, and springing from his horse, , ,,.,:.. ...... accompanied wilh n noise, de- hastened into the house of the dying as- tronomer. A volume, whose leaves wele biiii (tamo, was iieusmeu 111 ins uusoui , 11 .:i a... was treasured in his bosom v il . .... it ' PIIISUIIOII Ol HIH III, tllCHIII I.UIVW Villi. lU'l' was the cff-d'-ci'iirre ol I opernicus ; this 1 ;, '. messenger was the bode of victory. j w """"""' "''"'"'' . . The spatk of life, so nearly Exhausted, I The drift was frequently ul the rate of lei, seemed to be rekindled fur a moment in llie ! miles per hour, nnd occasionally the vessel breast ot ihe dying man ; he raised him-'j would be can ied near lo bold and rocky pro self in his dying bed, grasped llie hoi k , montoiies, from w hich there was much dan. wilh his feeble hand, glunciug ut its con- ( ger Ficquenlly when Ine Vessel was in tents With his dim expiring eye, A entile j p,,,; every knapsack was filled w illi food, lighted up his features, the book fell from wi.i, wilu.i, m rineat upon the ice, in case his grasp, and clasping h'.s hands' together, ; (jf i;-u .i,,,,;,,,, r ,) vessels. During the he exclaimed.Lord, let thy servant de- I ,.i;,l)v.,)lul 4,iiy, f lis hadous lime, ihe Odl I III e Uir . tai in , 11.111 110 ui 11 1 1 u 1 these Wji Js, before his spirit fled from earth, lo return to me uoa wno gave it. it was the morning of the 23d of May heaven was still lighted with stars the earth was fragrant with flowers all nature seemed to sympathize wilh the great revealer ol her laws and soon the sun, rising above the horizon, shed its earliest and purest ray upon the still, cold brow ot the departed, and seemed in his turn to say, "The King of Creation gives the kiss of peace, (or thou hast been the first to replace him on his throne." Persecution followed Copernicus even in the grave. The court of Rome replied to his dedication by condemning his book; but the book wss the instrument of his own revenge by enlightening the court of Rome herself,, which at last recognised, although too late, the faith and the genius of the as tronomer of Wernica. Prussia, wilh the ingratitude of a compieror, has converted the observatory ol Copernicus into a pris on, and is now allowing his dwelling house !" crumble into ruins. But Poland, his native land, has collected some of her last oholrs, to raise a monument to his memory at Cracow, and to erect a statue of him in Warsaw. Tllli ARCTIC I XPLDITIOIMS. Interesting letter from Laity Frnnkliu. The follow ini, from the Journal of Com merce, is Ihe most iuterestinp; of nil ihe le pnrts of the cruize of (ho American expedi tion to the Arctic Seas : Sir John Fiianki.in. This intrepid navi gator, if nlive, will soon enter upon his seventh winter in the polar seas. The Ad vance, one of Ihe vessels fitted out from this port lo lescue him nud his allunl comrades from their peiils, reached our baibor yester day morning, and now lies nt the Navy Yard in good condition, having lost only her bul warks and part of her false keel, in her long and hazardous voyage. The Itescuc, from w hich she parted in a i;a!o on the 13th o1 September, is expected soon. The expedi tion was nnsuccesslul in ihe humane and no ble object for which it was sel on foot, but the generons-hrarted officeis w ho went out in the Advance still entertain hopes of Ihe safely of the missing vessels, and trust that the beneficent exeilions still in progress for their safely may be crowned with success. We have learned from them, that there is abundant material in food nnd fuel, in the region in which Sir John Franklin is suppo sed to be, for the sustenance of his party. It is found in the game which emigrate to the Arctic suas, nnd in the seal and olher marine mammalia found there the latter lur iiisbing until food and fuel. . Although the expedition has nut been suc cessful in the object for which il sailed, the i lforl is creditable to the humanity of the age, and should be continued until nil hope is extinguished. To nur fellow citizen, Mr. Henry Grinnell, a large debt of gratitude is due, for his noble and well planned ende.i vois. The two vessels, the Advance and the Rescue, alter Icing prepaied wilh great skill to resist the pressure of llie ice, set sail from this port under ihe command of Lieut. De Haven, on llie 23.1 of May, 1850, with orders lo return to ibis port during this Fall. They were well fitted nnd equipped, and after sailing along the Greenland coast, and up Harrow's Straits, reached the rigion of Arctic, discoveiy in the month of August, IS.'O. They found at I'.eccby Island or its vicinity, liaces of Sir John Fianklin, for it was here that three of his men had been bu ried, but nothing was ascertained lo indicate the direction he look fiom that point, in search of the Northwest passage. An at tempi was made by Lieutenant De Haven to teach the open sea, w hieh is supposed to ex ist ut the extreme Nmlh, but it was unsuc cessful The vessels of Ibis expedition were w Mhm "bunt seven him.lre.l nn.es ot tno supposed position of the Iviteiprise and the I. ivesiigator, the two vessels which entered into the same seas on the opposite side of ,is Continent, thronijh the stiaits between ji ;,,,d Asia. T , .,rprn!l(.h nf jtl,r forced ihe s ;n;ttl inn lo seek for winter qnuarleis, and they attempted In do so : bill ibo ice. gradu ally fie-med iiionnd them when off" Wellinlon Cha i I, and en the 13:h Sept. 1850, ibey were con plelely fastened in. The vessels then commenced what was wholly unexpec ted, a hoi t hern diifl, nnd reached by first of October the ll ll latitude of 15,23, llie hi"best latitude ever attained in that meiidi- fe ()(r,c(1,s ui resi.nibling a Loco. motive whistle; nnd a singular nnd constant , . c . , . ,,.,, sun did not lise, and there wa total dark- ywss, except ut mid-day, when, for a few muinenis, a paper could be read if held up lowards tho faint lighl lhal proceeded from the south. In Febrnaiy of this year, lhey were blessed wilh a relurn of daylight, which enabled Iheir sick to take exercise upon the ice. Il was then ascertained that they were ninety miles from land, and Ihut the ice in which the vessels lay imbedded appeared to be stationary, although from astronomical observations its motion was known. On the lOih of June, by a severe explosion of the ice, the vessels were liberated, and lhey were once agaiu sailing cheerfully upon Ihe waters. Sea sickness, however, so long hid they been fiee from motion soon gen erally prevailed. They emerged from their imprisonment in j latitude 65 30, and immediately proceeded , to the Greenland settlements for fresh pro visions, which were obtained to a limited extent. They ngain proceeded northward nlong the Greenland coast, leaving to the west the masses of floating ice, and penetra ted again into the tipper regions of Baffin's Bay. Here a new and far more threatening difficulty befel them. They were locked tip in the midst of huge icebergs, which shut them out completely from a view of the hoii znn. Some of them were 250 feel high, and in Ihe light of the sun, (il was now constant day,) Ihe scene was s,okeu of as extremely gorgeous. They had now reached the 19lh of August, and even with nn open sea they could not have made Lancaster Sound before the ice would again form, and it was deter mined thai the expedition should retrace its steps. They did eo, and soon afterwards reached our port. The officers concur in staling that the win ter of those regions exceeds any cold within our conception, and lhey were astonished to find that the steam gnuetated fiom their bo dies and from cooking became condensed into water on their bedding nnd froze il to gether so that it could not easily be separa ted. The extensive waste of waters between the coasts of Greenland and America become cemented together by ice, and all ihe region including Hudson's Bay, Labrador, uud Ihe Straits of Belle Isle become choked up, nnd but for the Gulf stream, il would bell in New Fouudland. Such is I he region through which numer ous, expensive nnd well planned enterprises have been senl by various Governments ut different limes within the last two centuries for the puipose ot navigating around the northern coast of America, into the Pacific Ocean, and now two vessels, the Kntcrpiise and iho Investigator, before spoken of, are endeavoring to make the passage from Iho opposite diieclion, and in the hope of finding the veiernn navigator, w hose falo enlists so warmly ihe benevolent interest of ull com mercial nations. The voyages of Ross, of Parry, of Back, and former voyages of Fianklin, are deeply interesting, and there is now u commercial motive for prosecuting them, which did not until lately prevail. The whaleis are now obliged lo proceed northward, thiotigh the passage between Asia and Ati.ciicn, for supplies of oil, w ithin seven or eight hundred miles of tho suppo sed locality of Sir John Franklin. This fact will stimulate the spirit of discovery on Ihe Pacific, side to an extent beyond what now exists. One of tho remarkable facts attending the expeditions last made Ihtongh Barrow's straits ihe British and the one in question- is ibis, lhat lhey commenced wintering within 15 miles of each other, a fact that was unknown, until iho anival of ihe expe dition in this port, where tidings were ob tained of the place of wintering nnd of the unexpected return of the British vessels. We have iho materials on hand for a more extended uolice of Ihe expedition, but we omit il lo day, in order to make room for the deeply iuteiestiug letter of Lady Fiank lin, whose earnest efforts in the important duly which has devolved upon her, have done so much lo enlist the sympathy cf the civilized world in her behalf, and in behalf of her distinguished husband. It is highly creditable 10 ihe management of the expe dition thai although exposed to severe sick ness and lo vast perils, not a single man bus been lost, ond the vessels were but slightly damaged prior lo the gale in September. The following are extracts from Lady Franklin's letter : 21 Beoi'ord Place, London, Sepl. 12 1851. ) Mr Dfixa Mil. Grinnkll : I write to you in much ai'italiou and confiuiou of mind, which you will nol wonder at when you hear lhat Captain Penny, with his two hips, has returned, and announces ihe ap-' pioaehing return cf Cupt. Austin's squadron after being oul for only half ihe period for which they were equipped. Capt. Penny's letter is to-day before the Board of Admirably, urging them in the strongest terms lo despatch instantly a pbw rful steamer to Wellington Channel, in which quarter, lo ihe north west, he has discoveied the passage which Ihcre can be scarcely a doubt the ships have taken since il is the only opening lhey have found any where, uud hundreds of nidus of coast have been explored in llie lower western diieclion lo Cape Walker, Bank's Laud,' and Melville Ulaud,' without a trace of Ihem. Pi if 1 wood in considerable quantities has come out of (his 1101th west channel, and ulso a small bit of rather fresh English elm, which Penny pronounces must huve belonged lo our ships, and was'piobably thrown overboard Thus the tight track of ika norlh west passage and Ihe course of Iho missing ships are identical j and I can only regret lhat our souadion was" not lolJ lhey might allompt (he making of the passage if lhey could, for in that case we should have hud no aban doning of ihe search till many more snug gles had been made la gel into Behrm Straits. The barrier ol ice in Wellington Channel did not break up last year, nor bad done so this,' when Penny lefl ; but his ex ploratious, w hich extended lo 180 miles from the entrance, weie made beyond il in boat sledges ; 60 miles beyond ibis he saw wale wilh land scaling lo Ihe northwest. 1 can hardly ooncuive how he could resist follow ing the open water which he saw beyond him, and which he is couvineed leads into 1 tae so much talked of Folar basiu. Ha is "lso convinced, wilh Dr. Kane, that there Is R better climate in those more northern lati tudes, with more natural resources of food and fuel : some proofs of which he brings forward. We have every reason, then, lo hope lhal some of our lost friends and coun trymen may yet be able to support life in this region, though unable to return by the way which they came ; and the absense of any Iraces of ihem norlh of Cape Itines, on the east side of Wellington channel, proves nothing at nil ngainst it, since lhey were not likely to luipcr on their way lo examine shores and island.., but would push on as fast as possible while the opportunity favor ed them ; nnd the nexl traces to bo found would probably be their second winter quarters. In confirmation nf this view,' Penny tells me that there are signs of Iheir first winter encampment at Bachey l.-lund, &c., of their having left it suddenly : uud that the bum mer of 1840, Ihongii extremely unfavorable lo Ihe whalers, who, on account of the pre vailing winds, could not cross over to the west side of Baffin's Bay, must have been quite tiio revetse to our navigators. You may imagine in what stalo of anxiety and agitation wo are,' iill wo learn the decision of the Admirably on the appeal now made to Ihem. I have written a strong letlor also, and I know w hat Sir F. Beaufort, dipt. Ham ilton and Mr. Barron, who are all ut their posts, will allege llie necessity of prompt measures with nil Iheir powers. Should wo it 1 1, we must look to America nlnne as our resource. To you will beloLg ull the virtue and credit of continnint the starch when onr own countrymen fail, and lo ou will brdoig the honor nud glory of succories the distres sed onJ settling forever that vexed question, which for centuiies it has been the ambition of Furope, and of England in particular to solve. I cannot abandon mv husband and my countrymen lo Iheir fate just at Ihe very moment w hen the pathway to them has been found ; and, if need be, rny coming to the United Slates would hcip in engaging the active and energetic sympathies of jour countiymen, painful, in many respects, US' this tiial would be, I would brace up my coinage lo llie prool. But my head is growing weak, and my health is sinking, and iheii I have a beloved sister, (not lo mention an aged father, who is not now in a state lo be conscious of my absence,) whom it would almost break my heart lo leave. I am sure you will lell me, with all your accustomed truth, and candor, and kindness, what is your view of this point, in case the Admiralty fail me. Il appears that it was Capl. Austin's in-" tention to look into Wellington Channel him self, and also into Jones's Sound, before he re turned home ; but us lo the former, Penny says, he will find llie ice impassable, so that he will be sure not lo be able, as an eye wit ness, to see the opening. Nothing, perhaps, could peneliate it in its present stale, but the 400 horse pow er steamer, and thai cannot be lone this year, though Penny says, if tha steamer could be ready to sail in three weeks' or a month from hence, ho thinks ho could still get her up lo Lancaster Sound this sea son, or at any rate, lo some convenient lo caliiy, which would enable him to commence early operations next Spring. I intended wilting much more to you about your own two gallant ships, and Iheir Winter of almost unparalleled anxiety, but us 1 wish lo address a few lines to JuJge Kane, I believe I must forbear, and refer you to my note lo him. which I shall enclose and leave open. Capt. Penny has studded '.he noithein part of Wel lington Channel with your names, and tho names of oar brave and generous allies in your ships. I am greatly pressed for time, having more writing than I can possibly get through. Believe me, dear Mr. Griiiuell,' ever, most truly and icspectfully youis, JANE FRAMU.IN. A Yopso w hite female, of delicate, fairly, formed features, named Julia Ann Smith, and a black, ugly, dirty African, named Al fred Pumphrey, t:Dve been arrested in Balli more, for living together illegally. Poverty drove her lo ihe act. A roxrnACioa on Iho Michigan and New Albany Railroad, is reported lo have absconded wilh S 6000, and leaving a debt of $100. T11 rut has been a machine for polishing boots on exhibition at the Low el Fair. This' we consider a most useful, though an bum ble invention. Tnr.Y are bei-iutiieg lo munufucMre wbis. key from ihe lomalo. The di iiehtlul vegetable could not bo converted 10 wu,se use. Machine Poet uy. Tho Detroit Free Press is responsible for the following : 'The leliraeh wire. Are awful liar. I" All tha Ohio Railroads which are fully their opened, are paying 10 per cent, on stock. t A heavier vote will probably be polled in Hamilton county, Ohio, this year lhan ever before. ' 1 Hon. IUnici. WrasTca's throat is serious." ly affected. , Coffer mining is carried on to soma rx lent in Adams county. Pr.tTKl'CTlVB Fires have laid woods near Millville, N. J. Tne Jews bate eaUblieHeP" in Wheeling i
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