IT N'BUR-Y AMER 1 10 H. B. MASSER, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. OFFICE, MARKET STREET, OPPOSITE THE POST OFFICE. Gl jFamfla ilcVuspnpcr-Dctaotttt to jjolfUcs, a.tnitturc, ittoritlfts, iFortfrjn ant Domestic iictos, Science ant the arts, Ptflrtculturc, iWarluts, amusements, . New series vol. a, no. i. SUNMJRY, 'NOUTIIUMHERLAM) COUNTY. PA., SATfllDAY, JUNK 1.1, 18.10. OLD SERIES VOL. 10, NO. 38. T ft A-TV II I -4 Ytf T'iJUMS OP THE AMERICAS. i TiR AMERICAN In pntilishHl every Sntnnlny at TWO 90LI.AHS per iinnuni to he paid I" yearly in ailvanrc, V- .:, .l nrraflrnmX.r. rtntll l V pRIRH UlttLinilllKir.1 umn .p- - - ft n iv Irltf.r on lin.inr. rplulinff to the mee, w insure aiu'iiuim, nm-i in . TO CIX113. Yares oopies to one Sililresa, S50 i . I Illlii'P II A I Ik irii.n Do lo SOU" Five dollar, in advance will pay for three year'.eubscrip' 'lion to the American. On Saunia of 18 tinea. 3 times, Kvery subsequent insertion, One Square, 3 month., Six month., One yenr, Business Card, of Five line., per aimnm, Merchants and other., advertising by Ilia year, with the privilege of inserting dif ferent sulvertiaenwins weekly. iy Larger Advertisements, as per agreement. f I 00 SMI sou 2. B. 1A33E?, ATTORNEY AT LAW, BOIIHXTRV, PA. Business aitcntlcj to in the Counties of No burnt erlanil, Union, Lycoming and Culumhia. Heler lot P. fc A. I'OVOCIIT, Low KH St I! A it lion, So MR in & SxonunAsa, l-l'Aiai. Kiikoi.il, McKAnniii & (.!. I Mpitnt.m, 'loon &. Co.. J HANK NOTE TALLE. CORRECTED WEEKLY. PEXXSYLVAXIA. CITT OH MIII.sDSLl'111. T. S. Bunk notes 1" die All solvent bunks pui roCSTRY. Hank of Ohamber.biirg 1 dis Hank of ('healer Co. p-irj MASSACAfUKTTP. All solvent bunk, j dis HHODK ISLAND. All solvent bunks J dis Cd.VXKi ticlt. All solvent bunk. dis NKW YORK. city. Hunk oi Del. Co. Chester ir liank of (ierm.ntown Hunk of Gettysburg Hank of I.iwisrowil mr All solvent ImnhS I " 1 dis Is1 lik n"ts under &j j ois ror THY. All solvents bunk. .NKW JKUSI'.Y bank of Alnldletoivn 1 din 1 dis Montgomery O H'liik 1""' 11 ...L. ..I V l..ii..l...rl'iul mil Helvitlere Hunk ' dis J ills iii...i...r.. I iliM't'iilliiiiiirri:)! Itnlik ii ...i. .. i .ii ....r l'nr. Il.ink Mont Holly par Carlisle H:,uk 1 di. 1". .V M .. Mi.klU t,. u I't. lr Columbia U k A- H'ge Co ,mr;.M-li.ii,l,-' HW. Xrwark ir l)-.velt nvii Hank r Ii. Hk ol Iliirhie.Mon pnr Kawon Bunk or;M.Th. A .Mnn. Hk lrent par Krio Bank 2 ,i .Movrn Co Hunk 1 '" Kiehange H'kPittalMirg 1 di.l Newark Bk'g .V Ins. Co lm Klehanire H'k, Hranrli 1 di.Klrniiife H-ink i Karmers H'k. BueksCo par l'e -pb-'a Hk Pntti-raon J dis Kariners- Hk, Lnuriisler par lTlnei i mi nai Farmrra' Ilk, Mending pur. Salem Hankilli.' r.o, Farm. Bk S-buvlkill Co par!Senierrel t.'o Hank F 4 D. Bk Wavne.bg ndisiStute Bank Ht ( iiui.len Franklin l!k. Wnali'ii l idislSmie Bk F.lizniieilit.u par par 3 '' wir 5 di. lltrrisburg Bank , .1 e IS'iliK .M'V.arh 01. l1onedtile liank liniieaster Hank Lebanon Bank Mereh. A Man. Bank 1 ili. Slate Bk. N. Binnswiek par par,Snwex Bank. .Newton dis narrrrenton Hailkin;' Co par 1 din 1'iiinii liank. llioer 1 'OS Miners' H'k. Pottsville per VnrdlHW'le A DelDr C; l.idi. Monoiigahela liank 1 dis! Tayl imv'e Del ll'it Co 15 disi fyl)k' notes under W J dis DI-.l.A" AUI.. West uraneii u iiik nnrHank of Delaware par pur Wyoming Bk, Wilkeslc pari Bank l rimvrim pur York Bank. 1 dialDelnwnrr City Hank r rff-R.licf notes 1 din Hk llinff'll Hrano w. ir MINF. 1'armer.' Hk Si Delaware par Hank of Whettoek Sdis Cnion Hank. Vilniiii:l.'n par Merenntile Bk. Bangor IndiN it"- I nder ST. i dis All .ilvent banks lis. , .V a NKW IIAMPSIIllli:. A" 'dvent tmnks 5d" AII.olve.it bank. j 'li","!'k ,VV' .7.? VI'.RMON'T. j NOIt lll I AKOLINA. D.nk of St Allans 2 diAII s dvenl banks '- i. All solvent lianks j diiC?rl nder.Vs, SJ ilia " A CALL TO HOTJSEHrETEE.3 At tSio. Cabinet Ware tlooi of SE1VN 1IOUPT k CO. Market Square, Mto at the conn r of Fawn street ' the Railroaih SL'NBURY, PA. Thankful for the patronage of hi friend", nnd mstotners duvin3 te H he 1,M 1,,',",n luftm nesa in tliia place, lie solicits from the public a con tinuame of their favora. Dnrins thin period lie has endeavored to keep up w ith the improvement uf tl. dav, and lias accordingly extended hm Imsi nces in eVerv branch and variety. The P"11'"- are therefore invited to tho aticntion of the present etock of CAlilXET W'AUE AND CHAIRS, Manufactched by SE2ASTIAN HOUPT & CO. At the Old Stftml, Where in addition to their former stock f the eHtabliahinent they now manufacture Mahogany, Walnut & Cane-Scat Chairs( Lurirt Sprint; Seat Rocking Chain, Dressing Bureaus, Centre Tables, " Marble Top Wash Stands, und a variety of other new style und Fashionable Furmture. Havinff secured a Hearse and made the neces ary arrangements for the purpose, they arc now prepared for Undertaking in all its branches, in this vicinity or at any convenient distance. Ye maids and mistresses, und husband, too, Here's furniture of every Btyle and hur, From aide boards down to kitchen tables. From rocking cliaira to locking cradles fihould you not have the lendy John to pay, Y'U wait awhila for a brighter belter day, Or take potatoes, ont, roru, wheat and rye ; Bark, hoop poles, slaves, or hnnlier wet and dry, Or any thing but yokes and threshing Bail., Fiom pigs and turkies down to little quails. Come on then friends, come one and all, sr. r.H. mmrlnir: so "oes on the boll." r Orders from a distance promptly attended to and work oi an Kinos iirmn -.M.r.. Sunbury, March 9, REFORM YOUH HABITS. Come yt, with garments tiare and wedy, Ys uath'lors, wido'era and liuslonds too, If, in the outward man you'r needy, Ve aooa can make you ua gi.al a. new. frill E subscriber respoctfullv informs his friends I ... ... . i :n In tMs and tlie puuuc, uiai no win iuiiiiihu place, on the th oi April next, mo TAILORING Bl'SIXESS . in all its branches. He will be careful to see that his work is made up in the best manner, and he flatters himself, that he will be able to give entire aatisfaction in point of cut, fit and style, as well s in price. He therefore resueetfully solicits his friends and the public gencrully to call and give him a trial. His shop is a new building in I uwn street be low Weaver's Hotel. JACOB O. BECKi Bunbury, March 30, 1850, 6ia . (Lati or t Fibm or Watkiwso tc Hall,) , No. 21 South Second Street, Philadelphia, p ESPECTFULLY informs his old friends and A customers, as well as the public generally, that lie has opened an entire new stock of elegant styles of . Spring & Summer Cress Goods. His assortment consists of the latest and most desi rable style of English, (iermaii. French cV Ame rican Goods. Such as Delaines', Tissues, B cra pes. Silks, Lawns, Muslin., Shawls, lldkfi, Cloves, iiidvrv varirtv of Dress and Fancy Goods. rWi Manl'i 1, 18.'0 Iv SELECT POETRY. Wn give place to the following touchinn Matizaa, upK0ieil by tho recent ilccrne of Mrs. Osgood, with much pleasure, ami should bo happy to hear from our fair correspondent again. Eds. N. Y. Exp. OX THE DEATH OF A POETESS. BY MRS. L. G. ABF.LL. I have heard th echo of fniry songs. As they floated sweetly by ; And my heart was filled with responsive tones To the "Poet's" melody. She has wreathed the world with gems and flowers, They hanrr in cottage and hall; And hei soft sweet music has gladdened the hours As it came alike to all. But a change has come and a doleful knell Sounds on tha May day nir, And a form lies cold as a marble cell, The spirit no lonrjer there! The Artist Bride! The Poet Wife ! Oh the light of that eye is jrnne ! And mournfully quenched that flume of life, Where genius so brilliantly bhouu ! The garlands of love are fallen to dust, And the broken lyre is still ; iMiiny a heart with ihnt blow is crushed; Eyes with warm teats will fill ! But her name, set innnd with pearls of love, Will live as the years eo by: And her precious thoughts, like the soul above, Will NEVER NEVER DIE! As the stars, when the moon has gently set, Shine on with the clearer light, So her glowing words, more radiant yet, Will glitter increasingly bright. We bid farewell to a child of eaith, lint to welcome an nneel in heaven ; The same sweet spirit that hero had birth, To tlie seraph band is given. Select SaU. GTJEEN SIMlTtAMIS. IlY JIASSEXICS, A GKRMAX JKSllT, 1657. "Of all my wives," said King: Ninus to Semitamis, "it is you 1 love best, None have charms and graces like you, and for you I would willingly resign them all." "Let the kin?: consider well what he says," replied Seiniramis. ' What il I were to take lii in at his word ?" "Do so," returned the monarch : "while beloved by yo'.i, lam indifferent toothers." "so, then, il 1 asked it," said be.miran:i3, "you would banish all your other wives and love me alone? 1 should be alone your consort, the partaker of your power, and queen ot Assyria !" ljueen of Assyria! Are you not so al ready," said IS"inus, "since vou rein by your beauty over ilsking?" ".No, no," answered his lovely misfress; "I am at present only a slave whom you love. 1 reign not ; I merely charm. When 1 give an order, you are consulted before I am obeyed." "And to reign, then, you think so great a pleasure 1" 'V es, to one who has never experienced it." "And do you wish, thpn, to experience it ? Would you like to reign a few days in my place?" . "Take care, Oking! do not offer too much." "No, I repeat it," said the captivated monarch. "Would you like (or one dav, to be sovereign mistress of Assyria? If you would, 1 consent to it." "And all which I command, then, be executed ?" "Yes, I will resign to you, for one en tire day, my power and my golden scep tre." "And when shall this he?" "To-morrow, if you like." "1 do," said Semiramis; and she let her head fall upon the shoulder of the kinsr, like a beautiful woman asking pardon for some caprice which has been yielded to. The next morning Semiramis called her women, and commanded them to dress her magnificently. On her head she wore a crown of precious stones, and appeared thus before Ninus, who, enchanted with her beauty, ordered all the officers of the palace to assemble in the state chamber, and his golden sceptre to be brought from the treasury. He then entered the cham ber, leading Semiramis by the hand. All prostrated themselves before the aspect of the King, who conducted Semiramis to the throne, and seated her upon it. Then or dering the whole assembly to rise, he an nounced to the court that they were to obey, during the whole day, Semiramis as himself. So savincr, hB took up the golden sceptre, and placing it in the hands of Se miramis, "Queen," said he, "I commit to you the emblem of sacred power ; take it, and com mand with sovereign authority. All here are vour slaves, and I myself am nothing more than your servant for the whole of this day. Whoever shall be remiss in exe cuting your orders, let him be punished as it he hud disobeyed the commands of the king." Having thus spoken, the king knelt down before Semiramis, who gave bim, with a smile, her hand to kiss. The courtiers then passed in succession, each making oath to execute blindly the orders of Semiramis. When the ceremony was finished, tho king made her his compliments, and asked her how she had managed to po through with it with so grave and majegtical an air. "While they were promising to obey me," said Semiramis, 'I was thinking what I should command each of them to do. I have but one day of power, and I will em ploy it well." The king laughed at this reply. Semi rumus appeared more piquante and amiable than ever. "Let us see," said Ninus, "how will you continue your part. By what orders will you begin ?" "Let the secretary of the king approach my throne," said Semiramis, in a loud voice. The secretary approached, two slaves placed a little table before him. "Write," said Semiramis : " 'Under pen ally of death, the governor of the citadel of Babylon is ordered to yield up the com mand ol the citadel to him who shall bear to him this order.' Fold this order, seal it with the king's seal, and deliver to me this decree. Wnte now, 'Under penalty of death, the governor of the slaves of the palace is ordered to resign the command of the slaves into the hands of the person who shall present to him this order.' Fold it, seal it with the king's seal, and deliver to me this decree. Write again, 'Under pen alty of death, the general of the army en camped under the walls of Jiabylon is or dered to resign the command of the army to him who shall be the bearer of this or der.' Fold, seal and deliver this decree to me." She took the three orders thus dictated, and put them in her bosom. The whole court was struck with consternation ; the king himself was surprised. "Listen," said Semiramis. "In twa hours hence let oil the officers of the state come and offer mo presents, as is the cus tom on the accession of new princes, and let a festival be prepared for this eveninsr. Now let all depart. Let my faithful ser vant, Ninus, alone remain. I have to con sult him upon affairs of state." When all the rest had gone out, "You see," said Semiramis, "that I know how to play the queen." -Mnus laughed. "My beautiful queen," said he, "you play your part to astonishment. But il your ser vant may dare to question vou, what would vou do with the orders you have dic tated ? "I should be no longer queen, were I obliged to give account of mv actions. Nevertheless, this was my motive. 1 have a vengeance to pxecute against the three officers whom these orders menace." "Vengeance, and wherefore?" "The first, the governor of the citadel, is one-eyed, and frightens me every time I j meet litm: the second, the chief of the! slaves, I hale because he threatens me with ' rivals; the third, the general of the armv. ! priveg me too often of your company : you are constantly in the camp." this reply, in which caprice and flatterv were mingled, enchanted Ninus. j "Good," said he, laughing. "Here are , the t! tree first officers of the empire dimsis- ' sed for very sufficient reasons." The gentlemen of the court now came : to present their gifts to the queen. Some , gave precious stones, others of a lower rank, flowers and fruits, and the slaves, i having nothing to give, gave nothing. ! Among these last were the three young ! brothers, who had come from the Caucasus with Semiramis, and had rescued the cara- van, in which the women were, from an enormous tiger. W hen they passed the throne, : "And you," said she to the three broth- : ers, "have you no present to rr.aKe your queen?" ! "No other," replied the first, Zopire, "than my life to defend her." j "None other," replied the second, Arta- ban, "than mv sabre against her enemies." "None other," replied the third, Assar, "than the respect and admiration which i her presence inspires." "Slaves," said Semiramis, "it is you who ' have made the most valuable presents of the whole court, and I will not be ungrate- j ful. You who have offered me your sword against my enemies, take this order, carry ! it to the general of the army encamped un der the walls of Babylon, give it to him, and see what he will do for you. You who have off-red me your life for my de fence, take this order to the governor of the citadel, and see what he will do for you. And you, who offered me the respect and I admiration which my presence inspires, ! take this order to the commandant of the ': palace, and see what will be the result." j Never had Semiramis displayed so much ' gaiety, so much lolly and so much grace, j and never was Ninus so captivated. Nor were her charms lessened in his eyes, when a slave, not having executed properly an insignificant order, she commanded his head to be struck off, which was immediately done. Without bestowing a thought on this tri vial matter, Ninus still continued to con verse with Semiramis till the evening and the fete arrived. When she entered the wloon which had been prepared for the oc casion, a slave brought her a plate in which was the head of the decapitated eunuch. " 'Tis well," said she, after having ex amined it. "Place it on a stake in the court of the palace, that all may see it, and be you there on the spot to proclaim to every one, that the man to whom this head j belonged, lived three hours ago, but that having disobeyed my will, his head was separated from his bod)'." I The fete was magnifyrenl; a sumptuous banquet was prepared in the gardens, and Semiramis received the honiage of all with a grace and majesty perfectly regal ; she continually turned to, and conversed with Ninus, rendering him the most distinguished honor. "You are," said she, "a foreign king come to visit me in my palace; I must make your visit agreeable to you." Shortly after the banquet was served, Semiramus confounded and ' reversed all ranks. Ninus was placed at the bottom of the table. He was the first to laugh at this caprice ; and the court, following his ex ample allowed themselves to be placed without murmuring, according to the will of the queen. She seated near herself the three brothers from the Caucasus. "Are my orders executed?" she demand, ed of them. "Yes," they replied. . The fete was very gay. A slave having, by the force of habit, served the king first, Semiramus had him beaten with rods. His cries mingled with the laughter of the guests. Every one was inclined to merri ment. It was a comedy, in which each played his part. Toward the end of the repast, when wine had added to the general gaiety, Semiramus rose from her elevated seat, nnd said "My lords, the treasurer of the empire has read me a list of those who this morning have brought me their gifts of congratulation on my joyful accession to the throne. One grandee alone of the court has failed to bring his gift." "Who is it?" cried Ninus. "lie must be punished severely." "Jt is you yourself, my lord you who speak. What have you given to the queen this morning?" iinus rose, and came with a smiling countenance to whisper something in the ear of the queen. "The queen is insulted by her servant," exclaimed Semiramis. "I embrace your knees to obtain my par don. Pardon me, beautiful queen," said he, "pardon me." And he added, in a lower tone, "I would that thisce were finished." "You wish, then, tliat I should abdi cate ?" said Semiramus. "But no I have still two hours to reign ;" and at the same time she withdrew her hand, which the king was covering with kisses. "I pardon not," Mid she, in a loud voice, "such an in sult on the part of a slave. Slave, prepare thyselt to die." "Silly child that thou art," said Ninus, still on his knees, "yet I give way to thy folly : but patience, thy reign will soon be over." "You will not then be angry," said she, in a whisper, "at something I am going to order at this moment?" "No," said he. "Slaves," said she aloud, "seize this man that Ninus." Ninus, smiling, put himself into the hands of the slaves. "Take him out of the saloon, lead him into the court of the seraglio, prepare eve rything for his death, and wait my orders." The slaves obeyed, and Ninus followed them, laughing, into the court of the serag lio. They passed by the head of the diso beying eunuch. Then Semiramis placed herself on a balcony. Ninus had suffered his hands' to be tied. "Hasten to the fortress, Zopire: vou to the camp, Artaban ; Assar, do you secure all the gates in the palace." These orders wire given ill a whisper, and executed immediately. "Beautiful queen," said Ninns, laughing, "this comedy only wants its denouement; pray let it be a prompt one." "I will," said Semiramis. "Slaves, re collect the eunuch strike!" They struck. Ninus had hardly time to utter a cry when his head fell upon the pavement; the smile was still upon his lips. "Now I am queen of Assyria," exclaim ed Semiramis, "and perish every one, like the eunuch and like Ninus, who dares diso bey my orders." Rl'INS OK AN A.NCIEST CaUFORNH ClTV. Antiquarians will be deeply interested in the discovery of vast regions ef ancient ruins near San Diego, and within n day's march of tli-s Pacific Ocean at the head of the (rulf of California. Portions of temples, dwellings, lofty stone pyramids, (seven of these within a mile square,) and massive granite rings or circular walls around venerable trees, col lumiis and blocks of hieroglyphics, all spenk of sumo ancient race of men, now forever gono, their history actually unknown to any of the existing families of mankind. In some points, lliese ruins resemble the recently dis covered cities of Palenque, &e., near the Atlantic or Mexican Golf coast; in others, the ruins of ancient Egypt; in others, again Ihn mouutiienlii, of PliannicJ, and yet in ma ny features they differ from all that I have referred to. I observe that the discoverers deem them to be antedeluvian, while the piesent Indians have a tradition of a civilized nation, which their forefathers utterly de stroyed. The region of the ruins is called by the Indians, the Valley of Mystery." Didn't Want to Quarrel There is a noted mail contractor in Ramsey, N. 11., who can tell as big a story as most of them, and who possesses one ot the most accommoda ting dispositions in the world. "I was passing thiuugh New Jersey," said he, "a few years since, and there came by us in the air, a (lock ol crows nine miles long, and so thick was tho flock, you could'nt see the sun lor 'em." The contractor told this in a tavern, where several persons were standing about, and one of them a coarse limbed, heavy featured son of the Granite State ventured to query the correctness of the assertion. ,:Ilow long did you say, naburV' "Nine miles, sir." "Don't believe il," was the reply; "Wal, look 'ere you," said the contractor, "you're a stranger, and I dont want ter quar rel with yer So, to please you, I'll lake off a quaitor of a mile from the thinnest part !" The stranger was perfectly satisfied. Counterfeit. Spurious or' altered notes of the denominations of SS's, t lO's, and 20's, purporting to be issued by the Bank of Delaw ware county, are in circulation. The vig nette represents Mercury offeiing a bag of coin to a female, who holds a key in her hand. At her side is a winged lion, on an iron chest. , Why is a fire engine like a tragedian ? Because llioy both spout. ittinncoota vtemtorn. Prom the Pennsylvania TelcgrnpH.j ORIGINAL SKETCH OF THE litsToitY axd nitor.rtAPiiT or MINXES OTA T E RI11TO R Y. r.Y DR. THOMAS FOSTER. Number 3. TUP. SOIL AND ITS FARMING CAPACITY. It is well known that the organic or vege table matter of the soil is the portion which chiefly communicates its fertilizing qualities to crops; and that the salts which also enter into its composition, are considered by die mists, ns its stimulating ingredients or in other words, that the different salts in any soil, exert upon the organic matter a chemi cal action, nnd contribute to regulate nnd fa cilitate the process of nutrition. Submitting it to tjiese tests therefore, nod it will be per ceived that the soil of Minnesota possesses the principal essential elementsof fertility. Besides this, it has been shown, that al most in proportion to the specific lightness of soils is its richness, and its capacity for the culture of every species of culinary vegetable nnd small grains ; nnd it has been observed likewise, that the power of absorption is gen erally in proportion to the amount of organic matter nnd the lightness of the soil. Lands possessing this power in a considerable de gree, readily nb.Joib the dew in dry weather, and in wet weather do not suffer the super fluous rain to accumulate on the surface and these qualities are accordingly especial characteristic of the lands of Minnesota. Another view of the producing capacity of the soil of the Territory, is obtained by par ticular 'analysis of the principal rocks whose decayed ntoms compose it. The maznesian limestone, for instance, contains from 35 to 40 per centum of carbonate of magnesia; on the average, from 18 to 20 per cent, of pure magnesia; and by mere solution in sulphuric acid, is capable of yielding no less than 120 parts of crystalized sulphate of magnesia, (epsom sails,) nnd sixty parts of gypsum or plaster, (anhydrous sulphate of lime.) from every SUO parts of the toek. The lime of its composition, nlso, coming in contact wilh the qmtrtngn nnd gianlic sands of the soil, nnd assisted by the atmosphere, nets chemically upon the dissolving out a portion of thpir si lica, and setting free likewise, in liberal quan tities, potash and soda: while the phosphates are furnished to the soil by the decomposition of the marine shells interspersed through all the limestones of the region, especially in the shell or fussiliferoiis limestone. Thus, it will be observed, that for vhent. in which lime, the silicate of the potassh, and the phnsphales, me mainly necessary; for oats, which consumes so largely of potass, magnesia, anil lime, along; with silicia; for rye, whose food is the same as for w heat, but with less lime, more potass, ami a smaller amount of the phosphates; for corn, that great feeder upon potass, soda, lime, magne sia and the phosphates; for buckwheat, in which lime, potash and silicia are such hea vy ingredients: for all these nnd more, the soil of ihe Tenitniy, from its chemical con stituents, i apparently happily adapted. But climate, the lay of the land, and the manner in which it is vatered and drained, nre scarcely less important in securing practical results in cultivation, than the mere nbstnict chemical elements of the soil But equally by the character of the first, as by the nature of the last named requisites, the farmer in Minnesota is guarantee! success in his labors. For, cold ns it is in winter, it is a dry cold, with but lillln wind, wiihont any of those al ternate freezings anil lliawings that are so severe upon vegetation in fall ami spring in oilier portions of the United States. The first frost, fur instance, of the past fall of 1849, which injured tender garden vegetation, such as the cucumber, tomato, and pumpkin vines, was not until the 6th of October. A month before this, early in September, frosts had entirely suspended garden vegetation in the region of Southern Wisconsin and Noilhern lllinuis, two and three hundred miles farther south. In the spring, the streams of the Territory may be ice-bound later, and vegetation slow er to begin than elsewhere. Yet, finally, when the bunds of winter art unloosed, they are snapped suddenly, und nre not again uni ted. In other words, in the spring uf Min nesota, there it little uf the transition state winter ends and summer begins almost at once vegetation rushes forward with a riv pidity that soon makes up lor lost time and farmers there Snlfer scaicely any of those drawbacks incident to farming in the older States, occasioned by "winter lingering in the lap of spring" by the weather at one period encouraging vegetation by genial smiles, to put forth itsstimmer livery ; when at another, a treacherous frost comes, nipping and des troying its first buddings. Tho weather of Minnesota, unlike this, is of a more decided character. It can be depended upon. It is always one thing or ihe other. It is either hot or cold, and not both in the same brealh Farmers everywhere will readily estimate the advantages of this state of thing. In desoribing the "lay of the land," it may be most properly divided into prairie, oak o;miitrJ,and lake and swamp mtadovs. The two former are high and undulating, and tho latter low and level. The jtrujrin are much smaller generally, than those farther south in Illinois and Iowa; and1 the proportion of oak and hard wood timber, scattered over the stir face of the land, It greater: while water is eveiywhere plenty. Locations can nearly alwnys be mnde so as to secure a sufficiency of timber for fencingand fuel. For building (or even fencing) purposes, the great Pineries around the heads of Ihe Upper Missis--i pi and St, Croix rivers, furnish mi inexhaustible sup ply of heavy pine logs, which are floated down to saw-mills convenient to the farming cauntry, and there manufactured in lumber for home or markets. In this feature alone, a farmer settling in Minnesota would have no slight advantage over the inhabitants of the States, lying farther Bouth. In regard to it'n(?r for farming purposes) few lands nio more liberally snppli:;d wilh this element in all its purity. The rivers of the Territory are lor the most part navigable canals, affording abundant facilities of inland navigation and inter-communication. But to her systeiri of Lal:es, large and small from those hundreds of miles in circumfer ence to ponds 10() feet in diameter nnd to the springs flowingrom them, must the far mer In Minnesota principally look for his homestead supply. These lakes dot the whole country over, and hardly a farm could be opened on a quar ter of section of land anywhere; that would not border upon one of these beautiful sheets of water, or possess wilhin its precincts one or more of the little ponds referred to. The small ns well as the large, are filled with the purest, sweetest nnd most wholesome of living water. Indeed, there is no stagnant water in the country. A puddle in the mid dle of a traveled road, in a rich black soil, we have seen clear itself immediately and become pure and limpid. Even the marshes and tamarak swamps, which nre invariably supplied from either some near or distant lake, by it waters percolnting through the sandy drift substratum, all contain pure wa ter, that may be drank, not only with entire impunity, in the heats of summer, but wilh rolreshment, ns the writer of this has in per son experienced. A siiriilarexperiment with the swamp water of the lower country on the Mississippi and Ohio, would be like drinking in poison and ready made fever. The practical results of farming in Minne sota, so far ns tried, confirm the theoreti cal anticipations : First, as lo Indian Corn .'The following extracts from newspapers published nt St. Paul, the capital, will afford nn idea of its adaptation to the soil and climate of Minne sota : "Gr.Er.N Cortx. Mr. Bass, of the St. Paul House, regaled his boarders wilh an excellent mess of green corn, yesterday. Wo believe some of the article, has been on private tables in our town heretofore this season, but this is the first wo have seen at any of our hotels Our neighbors three hundred miles south of this are scarcely ahead of us in this respect." The above extract is from the Minnesota Register, of July 31, 1849. In. the same num ber of the paper, tho '-Prospects of the Crops'' in I he Territory, are thus noticed : "The com crop nil over tho Territory, so far as we have learned, looks remaikablv fine and promises nn abundant yield. Any persons residing in a more southern region, who nre skeptical in regard to the rapacity of Minnesota to procure corn, had betierconie up and take a look at some of our luxuriant fields. It is now in tassel, ami will have n bundant time lo ripen before frost. Potatoes also look lemarkably well. The season has been very favorable for their growth. This crop will yield upon our soil 250 nnd 300 bushels to the acre, Good potatoes have been selling in St. Paul this season, at one dollar per bushel." The Minnesota Pioneer, another paper at St. Paul, dated the 2d of August. 1S49, con tains tlie following article : "Corn Mr. Hoyt. of St. Paul, has presen ted lis wjth some fine largo ears of corn, roasting ears raised upon the sod that is. the first crop on the ground. The soil, Mr. Iloyt says, on which this oorn grew, is of no belter than second rate quality of land, being very sandy, yet the corn is now standing upon it 12 ft. high. The world may be safely chal lenged to produce a better soil than ours for Indian corn; nnd yet corn sold here last win ter for 81 per bushel, and will sell ns well every winter for years, to supply the Indian and lumber trade, and the wants of immi grants." The writer of this sketch saw the com last mentioned, both at its beginning and maturi ty. We never beheld finer anywhere; and it matured well before the frost. It was of the southern variety of corn though the St. Lawrence corn of Western New York, is pro bably a better npecies to plant in Minnesota. The next extract given below, is from the Minnesota Chronicle mid Register of St. Paul, under date of September 22nd, 1849, as fol lows "Messrs. Burrisand Hone, of Point Doug lass, left at the Secretary's office on Monday last some vegetable products of their neigh borhood which would astonish the natives of nny country. The following is a list : Seve ral ears of com, measuring 14 inches in length The seed was planted on the 13lhdayof June had the crop was just three months in com ing to maturity and ripening. Spring Wheat, grown from seed of the Black Sea species, yielding forty bushtlt to the acre; sown on the sixth of June, uud harvested about the 20th of August A head of cabbage, measur ing 4 feet 6 inches in circumference. Seve. ral oniont, grown from the seed this season, measuring one foot in circumference. "There is no richer Soil in the world, nor a country better adapted lo all kinds of farm ing, than the "Prairies" between hero and Point Douglass. The facts given above in regard to what it is capable of producirgi will full v attest the truth of this isinark.'' The extraordinary specimens of vegetation above mentioned, were examined by tho writer. The corn was very fine. . The earl were long, cob small, and gin ins large, firm and ever, set in the rows The seed planted was of the St. Lawrence Yellow flint variety., Tho wheat was plump and full, and product extraordinarily heavy. The cabbage was without any loose leaves, a cbhipW.t, solid and round mass of vegetation, one foot and six inches in diameter ! The onions were of a.size that nearly mude ones eyes water to look nt them. The newspaper last quoted from, of the provious date of September 15, 1(14, says: "We have before us a lurnip, of the com mon flat species, said to have been raised on the farm of Councilltr Sturges, fifty miles north of here, measuring thirty inches in cir cumference. It is true, we have seen larger tiiriiipi than this, but it should be recollect ed, the growing season of this vegetable ii now in its midst, and will not be over for four or five weeks. Had it been suffered td remain in the ground until cold weather, it would probably have grown twice its present size." We would merely remark that; subsequent ly lo the above date, we saw turnips as large as this specimen, bought by the bushel, irt the streets of St. Paul some ten or a dozen completing the measure! But all rsof crops succeed astonishingly in the loose arid warm soil of the Territory. It produces potatoes superior to any in the world large, dry, very mealy, and finely flavored. With this stable nnd necessary luxury, it cannot be doubted that Minnesota will in time supply the whole of the lower Missis sippi valley, down to New Orleans. No w here else can they be raised so good and in such heavy crops to the acre, not even in Maine. Winter Wheat is yet to be tried. On tho rolling uplands and oak openings, its success) with proper cultivation, is more than proba ble. It must be sowed early to allow the! roots time to grow strong before winter ; and it must be plowed in as deep as three and four inches, to prevent its being (leaved out by the frost. Spring wheat has succeeded admirably, as before'stated. For the raising of stock, Minnesota is well calculated. The numerous natural meadows besides the prairies, produce a succulent, nu tritions, fine leaved grass, on which alone rattle will fatten in summer, and keep well on its hay in winter. We saw no leinf kin; in the territory. The milk and butter from the cattle thus fed on this natural grass, is exceedingly rich and fine tasted, and the yield of both these articles, is compara tively great for each cow. In winter, cattle stand the cold well, the atmosphere being ?o dry; and there being little wind, they are seldom put under shelter. They frequently also, find green fond in the winter among the nutritious rushes that abound on the margins of some of tho lakes. It has been well remarked, however, that the raising of line, hardy, healthy, horses, for the snuthorn nnd eastern markets; and espe cially the growing of fine teooled sheep ; are the branches of stock farming, from which the territory and future slate of Minnesota, is best calculated by its distant position, climate and natural productions, and which would ba most profitable. But ul present there is, and will be for years, a homo market for every thing the fanneis can raise ; and cattle, horses, sheep nnd su ine are among the importations that are now profitable made from the lower States to supply the demand in the territory. The cultivation oi fruit in Minnesota, has not received a great deal of attention as yet. A few young npple trees have been planted, but nre not in bearing. So well convinced, however, are those who have had experience in this branch of culture elsewhere, that the Territory is particularly adapted to fruit pro win;:, and that the winters will not be an obstacle to success, that already two nurse lies are being laid nut nnd will be planted in the suburbs ofSt. Paul in the present spring of 1850. Wild plums are native to the country and likewise a species of apple. The strawberry, rasbeny, dewberry and blackberry, are iudigenious, and their vinej almost carpet the prairies and oak openings. Cranberries are found in great qualtftiea in nearly every wet meadow. In some lo calities they are very plentiful. No less thai: 2500 barrels of this fruit were gathered last full, by Indians and whites and shipped down the river to St. Louis, where they brought on the averngo $6 per barrel. In r'garJ to tree fruits, it may be safely asserted, that those kinds which succeed in Wisconsin, where the cold is often down td 20 deg. below .ero, and even fower,' will likewise answer for growing in Minnesota; In a late number of the Albany Cultivator; the experience of F. K. PhiEnit5, in the culti vation of fruits hi Wisconsin, is thus given) ' Plums, Duane's Purple, Smith's Orleans, Emerald Drop, Imperial Case, and Long Scarlet, prove tolerably hardy. Hardiest Peart Vibaui-ste, Flemmish Beauty, While Do yenne, and Easter Reurre. The Barlett is iniiisuiibly tender. Of Cherries, May-Duke, Arch-Duke, and Downer, are hardiest. The Clinton Grape is perfectly hardy the Isabel la needs covering. Of Apples Early Har vest, Keswick Codin, Dutchess of Oldenberg, Drap d'Or, Famuese,. Autumn Strawberry, and Potnma Giii are hardy, ami maintain their eastern reputation." Peaches it is thought will succeed, to lira ited extent, in favorable and shelleied loosw lions, and w ith careful nursing the first tws or ihuo )eai$of their gioatb.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers