CP 3 !0 ,.' ! . U'l I 1 J na r, v 'I h 1 1 I' .i" lSwa J Li,' .HAirOtl .! ."I r 1 TV ' y t vT j, ji"7 ?Vs .r-v II ! II Li C B't I . abv. J Ve efjiod in i 14XM () 3 I ' T'vm. nw- "l "I ( I . ; .!',t r (I , u) ,.,r,t. , ! racn ft? BMASSiRi 1 EDITOR i'ATfp PROPRIETOR ST;.'. OFFICE,1 MAMET,STBT,:0fPpSITE the:ppst OFFICE. . I - . - V - - - . J 0 wtrj Uetopptr-Crtote1 t toUtkt;' ptnurtfXfnlUM, orttt xs Bomwtfx iftrtM, SMtntt un "m arts, crlfUttrr, markets ttmWemtttts, r. fEW SERIES VOL. , NO. 4. . SUNBURY, NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY. PA., SATURDAY, JANUARY I t 1830. OLD SERIES VOL. lO, NO. io "r ' t'l "V "1' Si ViER Ml " .1711 i ' ' ' 1 1' 1 - Ttmtifl or me America. ; m AMERICAN l pablWMd mn SMdr TWO I OLLAH8 par niwm to b paid hair yaarljr ia adnuic, I U aapar rihRontinaad airtil ui anaanif m ara naM. ' I aa. If tMura aWaaUon, MM am ruavr rAlV. TO CLUBS. is: Fin 4ollan In adranea will aay farUraa yaat'iaatmiy MMIMAaacHU., , . . ( tarar ihT W Unas, I Unaa, alv aubaaqaanl inaartiaa. -jj BaMra, MUka, ,L v. .1.1 Il I tin -(11- aaimaa Carda of Fir a Haca, aar I danaanu audi other, advartiainc br taa Taar, wita tha pfivilega of inaartiiif iiC' , faranl adrarliaeaienta wcektr. e - MM mW Larfar A4rartniwmill, aa par a tfyyfr i ' , 1 t . .. if 11 "" . ' ..I., HB ;-- UTTORNEY AT LA V,i ur www, r' " v ..-J . in ihaCounliM af Naf i -.! .M . i Rftrlal ' ' . P. aV A. RTocT. . ; V ' ' wim i tiiriiMti - nUM. - Hit .. McFai AC I !, Ooa A Cn . - J, - 4AMM OOPER. R"A CAM8R05 COOPER & CAMERON , ATTORNEYS AT LAW, ': i ,; tchtjylblll Connly, Pa., TTfl.T. aal1avt monies, attend to litigated raara, in the mauacement of Xatates, Ac. Puraoni deairing their aenricaa, WJ refer ta tha following gentlemen: . k ' rHiLAPrxrHU. - aM Rrowa, laaae R. Daia, Giderm O TTentt, naarr Wbita, Fraiicia N. Bnek. Wm. B. Hfi, Ijq., Caaa Cibaaaa.Eaq, Jne4 Caok, Eaq, U. H. Brewatar, Em. m. Tkaatpaaa Jonaa, Eaq. . - . , :'T . mw TOaf. " Raa. MaaM n. OrinnaB, Hnn. Oatlan nnfTmaa, aa. Jamaa Monroe, Hon. Wward Curtia. aa. Aaaott Lawraaea, BaaTea.ioaa Aiaaa, Laq, Uni iaaa t, lMt. - CHARLES VV. HEGINS, ATT0P.1TET AT LAW, potUTllIc, Pa. Will promptly attend to collection and all hust- neaa entrusted to his care. , Jane 16, 1848, - SPERRY & COOPER, COMMISSION MERCHANTS, . Jit tie ia!t of Fish ind ProTiiiou.' ; J:," X:9 WORTH WIMRVES, . ....' - VBZXiABELPBXA. . Maakeral, , . Shad alman, . Herring, Philadelphia, May 6th, Cod and Dun Fish, Cheese. . ' 169. ly. CSOROE 1. WEAVER ! .. (EDWIN H. FITLER. George J. Weaver Sc Co. worn mAirtjr ACTuatRS a ship , CHANDtBBS. r JT. It y. Wattr St., and 11 N. Wkarttt, Philadclfhu. : I HAVE jonatantlr en tarnd, a tiara aaartmnt f MaLlla Rpa,Variaa RHa, Italian Ropa, U Kpt aao TwToaliiwa, f Cail B-ta Bow and 8t.ra TZA( ma. Heme and Cotton Seine Twme, lnea and 0 cL, CtaLVCortoa Yarn, C-dlj W, v HirianrLinea and Cottoai, Tar, P.trh, Roam, and H. Ciint., Ploofh Lines, Haltara, Traces, Ac, aU af which they will dispoac of on reaaonal tarma. RManr eu Biia er Deaeriplioa, Made la Order, at afcert aoiiea. , FkilaaetDaiB, Fee. 10, UM ly. ALEXANDER O. C ATT ELL,: ea-CCKHO TO lAMEt M. OtTOl, BtCB. , C9MM1SSI0N If FORWARDING MER- - CHAST, Ut Ui ulc f Grain, Floor, Seeds, Iron, Lnm ber kt. y. :..U : .N: it North rfWvi, PatLAUBLrHIA. ;V Goads forwarded with cam, ta all points an tha cbaylkill,' Union, Suaquehanoa and Juniata Canata, ' ' ' ' :': fiF" Salt, Plaster, Grindstones. Ac for sale at ahe lowest prices. Philadelphia, June , 18. ly ' : S AHUEL HART & CO. ' 1(0 Miun STtcsT, Philadelphia. Imforltrt f FrtncK,' Engisk and German . . . , -fancy and S(oi (arioiiera;,. WAFERS, Sealing Wax, Ink. Draft and Back garuBiea Boards, Tape, Intaiands, , Domi aaoe, Uillott'a and other Steel Pens, Ivory and Bona Folders, Papeteriea, Gold and Silver Pencil Cases, Bristol Boards; Whatman's Drawing Pa , aen, Envelopes, Bond's and Arnold's cclebiated Lnks for auking Linen, Portfolioa,Disaocted'Mpo aad Camas, Chesera an, Partis, uoia t ene, etc, .. , , , . m , a JO 1 ' ' rauiaaainaia. juuo JUU KM OWIT f ATBHI naw "' MUKN A Copublisher of tha -SCIEJfTI-FIC'XMEKICAN," have favoured us with a Phamphlet conUining the Patent Laws of tue United Btotea, togettier wttn ail toe lorma wiiw ry for applying iff a Patent, inof mstion in regard ta filing caveats, with remarks on ile uses, etc a mount of fee repiiml at the Patent Office, and every other information that is neceaaary to inatruo, " a person in making his awn applicationa, ',' Price Iti cents single, or It copies for one dol Ura aentby mail to any part of tha United States. Addreaa MCNN A CO, New-York. '; ;MeachI0,lM---;,7 ' ' ' .: STRAW i'BOlTlTSlT iii 1 . nAT MANUFACTORY ) Hi 10 North '' Setond ttrtet, opposite tkt MadUo Houm. . . ' 7' ; . mult aubaerihera would call the attention af JL Cwunlry Mercbanto and Millinara to their at tanaivo aaaortmant of ikahionabU SrAiaa 41a , Bania BeaaTS as Hts of the newest at j lee. Aim, largo and gcaaral aaaortment of Freneh and Americau Artiflcial Flowers, Ribbons, Crown j, Linings, Oil Silk, Wire, Quillings, Buckram, Ac, which they oflor at priroe that defy eompetitioa. N. B.ralm Leaf Hats by the ease or doaen. ... ... . W. M. A J.E.MAULL.' :, , '', i , Bonnet and Hal Manufacturers, - ; U'r'r..f WNottkWeJwet kiUA.Inkd t... 4 tasa ' WWT -AVt M a J I 1 'Oiit Miav -w:umm-m, lvfe- I jti- l Waataaati mm aVasail ,-, , - ! .r mm AN UUO MClf ANTS, , e i H7i r4mr .Philtliki. J I . TmrVlf U4S"mm 'y mrit aaoefc ft Z. aa ,vuu Uquora aad Bog fa, afUMii gMeianUaman, wUI h aapplUd a a4 Pd-IfW. Wev. ir, mi.- SELECT POKTRY. LIGHT AND SUADOW. " BRMRf. i.. rOTM. ' .' .. H ' . , L ! i, ' Ofaekl toe kiagdoei af heaven." Hark t 'lie our little daoghter's Hep! I know her merry. call,; 1 . i- 1 hear her laugh and gleeful words resounding through the ball! ' She greet me from her noomley walk with 11 - aoft and warm carta) i,, )., I feel her little clasping arm I feel . her ' welcoming kiM; Her sack and bonnet laid aaide, ahe ails upon ' my knev 1 --n' ! .- : i And tells me in her childish way of bloasom, r, . bird and tree ; ... .. The auirrel in the square bard by, the chil dren al their play, And all a mother joys to hear a little loved one say ,. Her nurse with fond,' proml look stands by, "' and oft her aid doth lend, . , Explaining every lisping word I cannot com preliend She thinks and so nerhans do I no child of two rears old ' ' ;j Had erer more of loveliness er talent to unfold. List to the tinkling of ihe bell! she's gone ; 'from off" mv knee ! ' : ..'.-' . She watches for.lbe Openexi door, ahe calls "papa" in gleej We walk in converse through the ball our darling runs before, ' ' ! ' With ,:peep-h, papa!" as she hides behind ' Ihe parlor door.- . : r She climb upon her father's lap, now happy "in, nitric;, And "Mother Goose's Melodies" pours in his willine far: She sings the "Sons of Sixpence." with its wonders anil lis woes, Until the blackbird sad to tell ! nipt off the maiden's nose : 1 Cock Robin's death and burial she tells in mournful rhyme, . The Bull's feet raised lo toll the bell to her are quite sublime: We've listened late lo Shakspeare, read with all a Kemble's art, But "reading" such as these are they that touch a parent's heart. : . : Our little Alice had till now, a playmate and Alike in age, we fondly hoped their future lives would blend. . Our danchter is of stature tall, and as the lily lair, With soft blue eye, and rounded form, : and ... ' cnrlinir. sunn v hair: v . r But light and bright as sunbeam when' it sloops to drink ihe dew ' Her cousin was of slighter mould, with hair of darker hua 1 , We cannet soon forget her eye, its arch and merry glance, ' -. We cannot soon forget her smile, her sonny - m couiitenauce , ., Her tiny foot is bounding still, ber laugh sennds sweet and clear, J Her happy .voice it seemed but, now was . rincioe in rov ear : . ' Oh! lovely, bright and " welt-beloved ! the missed and monmed of all.! We know that thou an happy now why do ihe tear-drops falll A little brother Helen had a pure and gen tle child, , So beautiful iu quiet mirth, met bought an angel smiled ; No trace of passion could we see, nor taint of morial bin h, ,.. He seemed but lent awhile to cheer our pil grimage on earth. , Wuen iiNess came to Iwth, we deemed we had the power lo save, .1 , We could not think that aught so bright should he within the grave; At even, full of hope and joy, the mother spoke and smiled, - " ' , At morning we were summoned to a patient dying child ; Upon her little couch she lay, her shrunken lips apart, , Low murmuring the names of those most dear unto her heart; Such sweetness to her voice in life bad ne'er beore been given, We knew it was preparing for tbf melody of heaven. , , " She raised her eyelid's drooping fringej' she . cauea me once aeain. And asked "Where's Alice!" In a tone that sViUna; my heart with pain; '' Oh! ever thus in life and health she met me n with a smile, ; The happy hours came thronging 1ack, and tears rained fart the while., ' Then stricken was the lovely boy we felt that it was death " ': . We knew not who would soonest draw the 1 last faint, dying breath 5 , ' A group of friends surrounded each in that ' sad, solemn room, .. Yet angel briehtness hovered: there amid the ry, , galh'rittg gloom ; . , .. . At ooon the'ajn waa ehming Drigat one parting sigh tm given, And Helen's best Spirit passed lo happiness , and heaven. ' ' ' 1 " ' ' 1 fat ' We turned to! where the living lay with low, '. sweet," gentle moan, ' . The mother cried, "Oh, God! not both! oh, spare me only one !" ' " , Two hours; and the. iur little lamb was v ' gathered 10 the fold, . ' . ., Forever shelictvd from the storm, from heal . or abiv'iing cold ..... , 1 1 The Heavenly Shepherd marked Jhem both 1 opon ihe world wild heath, . . He saw 1 hem lovely in their livea, nor parted them in death; ..,.,.r.j ., Forever tended by Uie love, their days shall glide serene, . 1 . j . 1 . ; L By the still waters they shall lie, and rove inrougn pastures green ; When weary they would fain repose, and riV'eink Ioppy resv 14 . He will receive ihem n His arms and fold lhara to Lis breast.- , , Again with light and careful tread or fre . J cioua deatl wa bo nr. . . , , , 1 Ami laid Ihfaa geqily aide bj trdsxapM their : t, nursery iW) . . ,1 , , We fubetl then 'an id fast tailing team upon ni , ; ikeir hwy bed, ;;., . . j 1 ' Aad fttllowed lovingly aud (lose asbsk .beau -m . eoo linle head 1 v.l - .1 1 ..v. i,.' Their Mrs in avslpissw rie(:ttaed by, aha -..J 'Lwuld net hew a part-n L 1 iu U i Thai ofjac asjoa was aM her own one teach would break her heart : ,!,.o H w Wa parted en each- ehiUiab knr ihe Afl brown,ejuslriiax hair,. I .-.. inat It could not be that they were dead-do leek ef death MMtheia! , The infant boy lay 'nestling close bold his sister's biesst, 1 t Oh ! aurely Jiid of happy play, they sank to dreamless rest! . In agony npou the floor her farm the mother tnrew, My darlings! could I lie bet west and pass .4V away wain you Then came a long and anxious day, a weary day lo me, When pareota wake from numbing grief to sad reality : , Oh ! mother dear! we missetl thy love, thy - 11 voice, lay gentle tread, " ,. t .": We missed Ihy hand in tenderness opon the aching head ; Between u Ocean 1 rolled his waves ; from i 1 cniiunooti a hour till now,- , In lime of trial ever near, our comforter werl Ihou! - . We strove to fill thy vacant place although 11 mignt not De, v We wouhl to olHers pay the debt we've owed . . so long to thee.' Ton know not yet yoor children's grief, and 'i-rj when ye joy fnl come, --r , ' A mingling of our smiles and tears will be your welcome home. T . .......... t . . 1 1 We clad our loved ones for the grave in robes ' of simple white, ' ' ' 11 Robes that in health and beauty were familiar .10 our sight :',.,.' -. We laid them softly down lo rest within one coffin bed; ' ' 1 .'ir.a The -white rose and the lesamine fair, their fragranee round thrrn shed;. We placed a white rose-bud upon each Ijttle urt-asi 01 enow, Pure as the liny, loVinj heart 'that once had t ' beat below j , , -,f,f. ,. f . .... 'Twas hard lo bear them from our sight, with aimtred iinsr 10 dwelt : ' " Two silken curls are all we've left their love 1. , liness lo tell. . w When lo our happy home we turn, and meet our child s embiaee, And watch ihe welcoming joy that beams upon tier lair young Ince, Amid Our love there conies a thought that saddens with iis cloom, Our sister's heart is lonely now, and childless is ner nome. ! ' 1 4 ! r Horn Journal. Report. n-.i 1 REPORT OF THE AETOETAR Y or THE TKEABCRT. . c .j Tbrssiirt Dcpabtmbht, r, 1 main ' I I " . . The Secretary of ihe Treasury reports: r r neccaiper, 1040. . Receipts and Expenditures. The receipts and expenditures for the fiscal year ending 30lh June, 1849, were:. Receipts from customs, 828,246.738 12 it publio land, ; ,,1 . 1,688,959 55 misoel's sources, ' 1,038,649 13 avails of Treas'ry notes ,, ., , and loans in specie, 17,755,750 00 Do funded, . 10,833,000 00 59,63,037 80 Add balance in the Treasu ry, July 1, 1848, I' ,v:." 'j . : ' - : 153,534 60 $59,116,632 10 The expendi tures for the same fiscal year were in cash 46.798,667 82 Treasury notes funded 10.833,000 00 S57.63I.667 82 LeavingabalanceintheTrea . t snry July 1, 1849, : . , $2 184,964 28 aa appears in detail by accompanying stale men I A. t , , .- .Ettinctet. , The eslimated receipt and expenditures for the fiscal year ending 30th June, 1850, are: Receipts . from customs ( . 1st quarter, by actual re .l lurns,' $1 1,643,721 S4 ''' ' ' Receipts' Worn eus.. j . 10ms 2d, ' 3d and 4th ' u -! - ' ' -J ' qu'ters, as eslima-.ed 19,156,271 46 1 1 ' ui to. ,it f 8 1,600,000 00 Receipts from publio land 1,700,000 00 miscell't sources 1,200,000 00 t24,400,0O0 00 Receipts from -''' ' availsof loans ' ' -i : v' fn specie, ; ' $809,050 04) Receipts from ' ' ' " ;i ;" " 'do In TraaM."' ' ? ' ! J 1 ry notes fund" " ' ' 'l J,'"." ' ' ' 839,560 00 ' 1,2M,500 0Q Tolal receipts, $35,683,590 00 Add balance in it a treaaury j 2,114,54 28 T July J,1849, Total means as estimated, ' $37,823,404 23 ,.i I i-'j . FTditTU, vig. . Taa actual ex - , . , penditures for i 1 ' me 1st quarter . endingSeptem' "" '-Hi ber 30, lM,.r-:u.j ..,.1 ; war . S3,004,lt) 00 m a wpwanj in de-r - . , ;, tail by aeoom pauing statem't The estimated ' L " ! e',7 expendit'rB do " ; - .;- ! . t ,ra ttnf tha athert t.- r. r .! ,-, ihraaeyiarlarB ,. ; 1:, t, ;. . , ;,, . freni 1st Oct, , . , , ' , 49io0thJuna" ' ' i850 anrt - j : ': Ci vH risl, loseign .). ( ..... lJ .qj j,.;. intercourse ana imiikMllMeoua, 10,120,11$ Expepsea ofool- . 1 teciing revenue 1 ""' " ' '" ' "frexnmioeaa, 1 l,tlft,0M 00 ; . , Kinansaaaf eei- , (3a ai , . u..,, j ! Axiaf prapat ttt. I.IO.0M 90 Fortificat'ns ord-1 ' nance, arming militia, etc., , Internal i move 1.997,420 93 ment etc., Indian deptirlm't Pensions, Naval establish 7t,07i 30 859.9C3 73 682,630 77 ment, 6,814,783 43 Interest on pub Iki debt Alrea aury notes, , , , 3,700,878 40 -43,651,585 94 Deficit 1st July, 1860, ' $5,828,121 66 The estimated receipts and expenditures for ' the fiscal year commencing July I," 1850, and ending June 30, 481, are: '' Receipts from customes, $32,000,000 00 ' " " pnblio lands,'- 2,150,000 00 " miscellaneous sources, 300,000 00 Total estimated receipts $34,450,000 00 The expenditures during ihe same period, as estimated by the several Departments of Male, Treasury. War, Navy, Interioj, and Postmaster General, are: The balances of former appro pnalions winch will be requi red to be expended this year 85,656,536 34 Permanent and indefinite ap propioprialions, ' 5.643.410 24 Specific appropriations ' asked ' , for this year, , ,33,697,152 15 $44,997,092 73 This sum is composed of Ihe' following parti culars: '-:'.:! Civil list, foreign intercourse, ' ami nnscellaneous, ' ' $11,088,724 64 Expenses of collecting reve- ' nue from customs, - . : 2,750,000 00 Expenses of collecting reve ' noe from lands, 170.835 00 Army proper, Ac.,' 8,296,183 44 Fortifications, ordnance, arm ing militia, Ac, :' 2,015,446 00 Internal improvements, 1,247,203 38 Indian department, ' 191210 53 Pensions, .. 1,927,010 00 Naval esublishment, 11,353,129 64 Interest on Treasury notesand public debt, ' 3,742,951 13 Purchase of stock of the loan ' ' of 28th January 1847 ' . 492,898 97 $44,997,092 73 Deficit July 1, 1851, Do July ll850, $10,547,092 73 5,838.121 66 Total deficit,! 1850 ft 1851,' ' 616.475,214 38 Prior to the 1st of July last, the expenses of collecting (he revenue from customs were paid out of tha accruing revenue at the seve ral ports, and only tho balance came into the Treasury ; of course the receipts at Ihe Trea sury, actual and estimated, were of the nclt revenue after deducting all expenses. , By Ihe act of tho 3d of March last, the system was changed from and after the 1st of Juij, 1849. Aud, accordingly, the receipts actual and eslimated, from that dale are of the gross revenue, and estimates are submit ted of ihe expenses of collection. Public Debt. Annexed wi!l be found table marked (E.) in compliance with Ihe 22d section of the act of the 28th January, 1847, containing the in formation required thereby respecting the is sue, redemption, purchase, and resale of trea sury notes. , j As required by the first section of the act of 10ih August, J756, a statement is append ed (marked E E) showing the am't of Trea sury notes puid withiii the preceding year under the provisions of lhat act. Statement (F) shows the payments into he treasury on account of the loan of 1848. The publio debt amounted, on the 1st of October, 1848, agreeably to table (0) annex ed lo bq last report of my predecessor, to Ihe sum of $65,778,450 41. Since thai lime $1,073,756 70 of tho debt haa been redeemed and extinguished by the purchase of stock, Ato. Of the amount thus redeemed and exiin guiaked there were on account of tha debt of the cilios of the District of Columbia as sumed by rtie act of Ihe 20th May, 1836, $60,000 ; on account of the old funded ' and unfunded debt, $5,089 $8 ) of treasury holes purchased at par and received in payment for lands and customs, $2,150; of military bounty scrip $233,075 j of the stock of 1842, 80,70O; of the slock of 1843, $136,000 of Ihe slock of 1848, $260,000; of the slock of 1847, $382,500 ; which last was paid, for out d the- land fund, : ami purohaed bv Htmh Maxwell, Esq.; collector of New York, with the aid (kindly afforded of C. W. Lawrence, Esq, the late collector of that port whose re signal wn had, at that lime, just taken effect, aud who acquired some rxpeiience in similar operations, from baviug, been employed in them by the government . in the previous year. See statement hereto anuexed mar kd(cf ,v; , ' :- v. The puolio debt now amounts to Ihe sum of $64,704,603 Tl, whiohwill be redeemable as follows. ; v ' .; Parts of the otd funded 11 1 - ' and unl'andetl debt as) .i , presentation . , 122473 0 v-i ! , , ..: 60,000 00 .1 ' ! J ! , r Debts of the District ei ties assumed by Con 1 t:" . gresa. $60,000 payable annually ... Five per cent slock, per " aet 01 August, lodb, re deamabla 9th , August . 1851 " 303,573 $3 Five per cemt loaaof d ! , JtlarcBi JB, redeem, if,,, able tat July, 1893 6,468,231 IS Six percent loan of 2IJ juiy, lose, reueemaous 1 1 4,099,14$ 48 Amu ll 8,198,696 03 27,618,350 65 . ,149,828 00 15,740,000 00 144,139 31 " ''. '.' . ' $61,704,693 71 ... Ways and Means. It will be observed that there is estimated a deficit on Ihe 1st July next, of $5,828,121 66, and on the 1st July, 1851, of $10,547,092 73; making, in the whole, an estimated de ficit of $18 376,214 39 to be provided for, arising from tho expenses of the war and treaty with Mexico. , In proposing some alterations in the exis ting tariff, with a view as well o the neces sary augmentation. of the revenue as the en couragement of industry, I think it right o present distinctly the views entertained on ihe hitler subject, in the hope that a course may be adopted by the jwisdom and patrio tism, of Congress whichqmay to harmonize discordant feelings and promote the general prosperity. 1. I entertain no tloubl of the rightfnl pow- er of Congress" to regulate commerce arid levy imposts and duties, with the purpose of en couraging our own industry In selecting for adoption one of two proposed regulations of commerce, it would appear to be clearly the right of Congress to choose lo one which would, in its opinion be most salutary to the country; and, in like manner, in laying im posts and duties, it would seem that the en deavoi onalil to be to' recant the interests of the whole people, not as little, but as much as possible. It is not a question ot assuming a power expressly granted by the constitution, on Ihe ground that it may tend to Ihe attainment of a general end therein expressed. Here the power to regulate commerce and the power to levy and collect duties are and collect du ties are expressly given, and the only ques tion is, whether 1hey ought not to be exer cised with a view to the general good. ' ' It seems to me that to exercise these or any othet powers with any other view, would be a misuse of power and subversive thc legitimate end of Government. I find no obligation written in Ihe constitu tion to lay taxes, duties or imposts at the low est rate that will yield the largest revenue. As instances of the exercise of the - power of regulating commerce, may bo "mentioned the prohibition of importations, except the designated ports; the prohibition of the coast ing trade to all foreign vessels, and lo all American vessels, not licensed and enrolled ; the prohibition of certain trade lo foreign vessels under the navigation act of 1846; the prohibition of certain trade to American ves sels by the nonintercourse act, and of all trade by the embargo act ; the draw back on the re-exportation of foreign goods, finally, the prohibition of the introduction of adulterated drugs into the country by the act of tho 29th of June, 1848. Lnder the power lo levy taxes, duties and imposts, I refer to the discriminating tonage d-jties on foreign vessels, the discriminating duties on their cargoes the preamble lo Ihe first law imposing duties passed under the constitution, and the enactments of most of the subsequent ones. ' : These enactments show that at most or all periods of our histoty the views which I have expressed appear to have been sustained and acted on. , II. All hgislation designed to favor a par ticular class to the prejudice of others, or to injure, a particular class for lha benefit of others, ie manifestly unwise, aud unjust Nothing can be more destructive of the true inteiesls af the country than such legislation, except the refusal of real salutary legislation, under an erroneous impressiou lhat it may favor one class lo the prejudice of others, while in fact the denial of it injures all clas ses, and benefits nobody., III. A 'Tery producer in one branch of useful industry is also a consumer of the pro duota af others, and bis ability to, consume depend jipqu Ihe profits of bis production, it follows lhat to give prosperity to one branch of industry there will be individual rivalry. but among the several branches pf useful in dustry there must almost, .exist an unbroken harmony of interest. No country can attain 'a due strength or prosperity that does not by its own labor carry its own productions as nearly as possi ble to the point necessary to fit them for ulti mate consumption. To export its raw mate rial and re-import the articles manufactured from that of another country, is to ptelermil the means which nature has provided for its advancement, . ' For jnstance, we exported, during the fis cal year ending 30th June, 1846,' raw cotton to ihe value of about sixty-six 'millions of dallats. If that cotton had been spun and woven at home, (supposing its value to be inoreased fourfold by manufacture,) it would have produced a value of about one hundred and ninety-eight million! in addition.' '' ' j This question would not be completely an swered by merely pronouncing tha added value af oae hundred and ninety-eight mil lions of dollars la a large profit ta lha man'u Ittrer,' any 'more than taa qeeetien af the effect of toe production of wheat would be answered by ' deducting lha cast af aaad wheat from tha value af the crop, tod po UoancinoT lha tmindar re be a hraa taxtfit to the farmer. ble 31st Deo. 1862 Six per cent loan of 28th January, 1847, redeem - able 1st January, 1868 - Do . do - do do Six per cent loan of 31st March 1848 redeema ble 1st July 1868 1 Treasury notes issned ' prior to 1846, payable on presentation, if con, , , verted into stock, un , der the act of January, 1847, will be redeem able 1st July, 1868 - ! I The manufacture of cotton clot ft is begun with the planting of the cotton; it is carried ta a certain point by Ihe planter, and then taken op and perfected by the spinner and weaver,1 The planter 1 and maufactuier are not engaged in different" branches of indus try, but in the same; the one commences the process which the other completes. Cotton seed of insignificant value being by regular stages of labor developed and brought to the form of cotton cloth, has acquired a value of about two hundred and sixty-four millions. .- ' The planting States have added many mil lions to the annual production of the country by Ihe culture of cotton. By continuing the process they could quadruple that addition. 1 The planter would ihen have a market at his door for all his produce, and the farmer would iu like manner have a home market for his The power of cohsumplion of not only breadstuff, but of every article useful or necessary in the feeding, clothing, and housing of man, would be vastly . increased Ihe consumer and producer would be brought nearer to each other; and in fact a stimulus would be applied to every branch of produc live industry. . , , , ,.. , , Il is gratifying to know that the manufac lure of eotion -has already been introduced into several of the planting States, (see docu ment marked W. hereto annexed,) and it ought not to be doubted will rapidly be ex tended. . , The manufacture of iron, wool, and our other staples, would lead to similar results The effect would be a vast augmentation of our wealth and power. .1 will proceed to state the nature of the modifications which it appears expedient to make in the existing tariff, and, if required. will hereafter present a plan in detail The rates of duty are, in my opinion, too low, especially on articles similar to our own staples. 1 conceive that the revenue has suffered materially from this circumstance Indeed, I am compelled to believe that it would have been greatly diminished but for the extraordinary demand for our breadstuff's and provisions produced by the famine in Europe jn 1847 and to a great extent con linued by the short . crop abroad in 1848. (See Ihe statement marked M. hereto annex ed.) Even under these favorable circum stances, the average revenue from woollens, cottons, hempen goods, iron, sugar, hemp uu manufactured, salt, and coal, has fallen under Ihe act of 184G from 514,162,007 to 813,392, 624 50, taking the average from the receipts of. 1845-1846 and and those of 1S48-1849! being an average diminution of $709,982 50, ns will be seen by the table marked N, here to annexed; the loss of annual revenue being as follows On cottons On hempen goods On sugar On salt On coal $918,804- 00 61,794, 50 181,741 50 348,438 00 70,030 00 $1,580,898 00 $353,592 50 , The gain as follows : On woollens On iron On hemp unmanufactured 415,240 00 .. 40,083 00 $810,915 50 , Warehouses. A statement is herewith presented, (mark ed P,) showing the expenses incurred during the last fiscal year in Ihe execution of the act of the 6th August, 1846, "to establish warehousing system," fiom which it will be seen tbey amount to $194,634,66 beyond all tha receipts from stoiage, Ac. To this sum there are to be added many charges for rent, labor, clerk hire, stationary, Ac, that do not appear ju these accounts, but justly belong to Ihem. i- ; ,- ;. The subject is one of great embarrassment to Ihe Department. Congress has cot matte any provision for these expenses unless they are embraced in the appropriation for the ex parses of collecting the revenue from cus toms. To a large extent, they are incurred without the receipt of any revenue whatever. and, in order to meet the provisions of this act, and grant all its facilities to commerce in Ihe several districts, it must continue to impose au annual charge upon the Treasury. This act provides that, in all cases where the duties upon imported merchandise are not paid within the period allowed by Jaw, or whenever the importer shnll make entry for warehousing the same, the said merchandise shall be taken possession of by the Collector and the importer It appears also to be con templated by the act that the storage shall be at the usual rates at the port of importa tion. , ., , The act of 3d, March, 1841, requires "that all stores hereafter rented by the Col. lector, Naval Officer, and Surveyor, shall be on public account, and paid tor by the Collector as such." , , These requirements of law have imposed upon this Department the necessity of making ample provision for large quantities of mer ehaiidiee in advance of their arrival, and of securing the attendance of competent officers' clerks, and laborers, to take charge of the same. The experience of three years fully proves that tha receipts from storage at the usual rales, and do other should be charged will aet defray lha expenses of the system, A statement is also presented, (marked Q,) showing tha value of dutiable merchan dise .re-exported Iron. 1821" ta J849, from which will be seen lhat tha . total . amount of such export during that period was $gj,. At a 1 a . at .,oi,oresuiMaiifaativMU Trem lha 1st Demon-hew. lfAfl. s. iw-V. I June, 1849, the aggregate exports of dutiable merchandise from warehouse amounted tO $7,213,819, or an annual average Of 82,792,. 439. In 1 these exports from wn rehouses there is Included tha merchandise that was imported fntn foreign countries and trans ported to Canada ; also, the wheat, wheat flour, &c, that have been transported from Canada) and the salted fisht ko , from other British North American provinces intended for shipment from our ports to foreign coun tries. . Duting the three years preceeding the en actment of the warehousing act, viz: in 1844, 1845, and 1846, the total expoits of dutiable merchandise amounted to . 114,856,816 During the three following years, viz: 1847, ,1848, and 1849, these exports amounted to $17,856,182 The increase of exports, which appears ftom this statement, to the extent of mora than two millions of dollars, is made up of the wheat, flour, fish, ko., from the British American provinces, and merchandise trans potted under the transportation act of 3d March, 1845, before referred to. From the returns made to this Department) and the quarterly statement published it is believed to be apparent that the operation of the warehousing act has not been beneficially felt in the general business of the country. Respectfully submitted, WM. M. MEREDITH, Secretary of the Treasury. Washington, December, 1849. A PROSTRATE POLITICIAN. Cur foncB. One day after the Election. The following confabulation will explain it self: Mayor Ralph Hutchinson, you were ex tricated from a mud puddle in Race street, last night; lying like a beast, on your back. Jialpfc. Hold, sir; that lying wont do. Mayor. How sir Lying! What do you; mean! ' Ralp h You say I was lying, like a beast, on my back. I never' saw a beast lie en its back ' Beasts lie generally on their bellies; sometimes on their sides, but never on their backs. "' Mayor You lie every way. ' A drunkard is a beast ; and a drnnkard commonly lies on his back. Ralph If he does, that's better than lying in his throat. But 1 was not drunk, sir, pre cisely; I threw myself on the ground in a fit cf despair and unutterable anguish. Mayor-. On what account, pray 1 Ralph Can your honor be a Whig and ask that question T As soon as the terrible news of our defeat came to my ears, I fell into a swoon, with my face on the ground, just as if I had been knocked down with a brick bat. : Mayor With your face on ihe ground ! But how does' that account for your being found on your back 1 Ralph When I had mm insensible for about fifteen minutes, I turned over and look ed upward, as if to see if there were any dawr.ingi of hope for us. But all was impe netrably dark. MayorSo wonder, when it was half-past twelve o'clock. Ralph. I saw what seemed to be a glim mering star in the distance. This affords me some comfort. The twinkling luminary drew nearer, and at last I discovered it to be a lighted segar in the mouth of a llpsy watch man.' He took the weed out of bis potato trap; spit about half a pint of rank tobacco juice in my face, and than asked me what I was doing there, making a hog of myself Mayor And. a very pertinent qnestidMt was I think. Now if you had sense enough i to see and observe all this, why didn't you get out of the mud 1 Ralph Well, the sense of shame and dis tress I felt for 'the ruined prospects of our par ty, made me feel like t didn't care where I was. Thinks I, if Whiggery's gone to tha dogs, I might as well go among the dogs; so wallowed in the mud like a real grimier. The ground was pretty dry when I first fell; but I shed so many tears for Ihe ruin of the Whig cause, that I made it a real quagmire. Mayor Humph! I wonder you were not afraid of being taken up as drunk. Ralph Why 1 thought of thai; but then 1 considered that if any fool of a watchman should have the impudence to take me, your honor would have sense enough to set all to rights. " ' ' Mayor This tale will hardly do, Mr Hutchison; but considering all circumstances you may go. unty taxe care not 10 give way to such extravagant grief another lime, as my successor might have little discretion enough to mistake your case for one of intoxication. Ralph Very likely, sir. I'll take your ad vice. Good morning, sir. Exit. Greglct on Cobb. Horace Creel y. in his "editorial correspondence,'' thus speaks of the Democratic candidate? for Speaker : And Iri roe say here bX Mr. Howell Cobb is also a man of decided capacity, tact and energy. Personallv. I fcarelv know him, but in Parliamentary tactics 9 ha no superq , and as presiding 0(BceP (in committee of the whole he e -J. ced courtesy, decision with i'uipartilitT Hi politics, genera! and ' sectional, are of tha stamp I cannot see, the beauty of- but I know no man holding like bninion. r- pcctin.; the Slavery Eitpriiion; (h, Tarifl etc., whom I would sna- ... -1. He is opposed to Mealing, whether in tha form ot eatr gllowsnce, double-and-twisted MvSp or any other, and will five his sup-, part, Avbataer in the chair or aa the floor, n; measure f J.aliwaxl Eamamr sxrw seAvotw .J. j , '
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