f -as -Tr -'i f'w- KV " pNT't " """ flj THE SCRANTON TRIBUNE-TUESDAY, MARCH 20, 1900. THE REDEMPTION OF SANTIAGO DE CUBA AN OBJECT LESSON IN AMERI CAN RULE. Major George M. Barbour, the United States Sanitary Commis sioner for Santiago, Tells the Story in Interesting DetailWhat Man ner of Mn. Leonard Wood Is. from the H initio News, Santiago do Cuba Is the oldest com munity ot white people on the Ameri can continent unci It la a line plnco to build a city. Columbus visited this spot and inspected the beautiful hay on liU second vovnge and much admit ed the scenery and predicted Its subsequent value. In the year lull the Spanish founded a settlement here; ery nearly four centuries ugo. It Is nil Ideilly Spanish city, more. Spanish than Spain artistically uncomfortable and ule turesquely dlity, for In all its long ex istence It was never cleaned under Spanish law or 1 tiles. Uut the Yankees came on an event ful occasion In July of the year U9i and piesto' a wonderful change ciimo over the hoary community of Mower and lllth, a i ocular transfoimatlon scene of n kind beyond the compiehon slon of the inost die.imy bulldets of 'Castles In Spain." For the vlctoilous Ameilcan central In his Mrst hour of possession ordered the city to be cleaned veiy clean and kept clean! And the older has been oboveil to this day. And now, under one brlet year of wholesome, sensible, intelligent and honest Ameilcan lule Santiago Is prob nblv as clean and health. as any city In the uoi Id, and it has been for many decades iated by traveleis as. the thlid dirtiest and most unwholesome eitv of presumed civilized nations. And this present cleanliness has been accom plished in a city of 70,000 or moie people Spanish people, too having no hewer system nor nny drainage outlets; hav ing a feeble builesque of a water sup ply works which was built moie to suit the whim of chuich priests and the luxurious, official leeches and a very few favoicd wealthy lesldents than for the needs of the leal public; with Hilly onc-thlid of the 140 miles ot her streets utteily Impassable fiom the j eai s of w ushes by Moods and never re paired, wheio for ages all families had swept or tin own their dally pound (or many) of household dirt e en tilth Into th. naitow, slimy, heated, odor ous, lankly malodoious streets, where ery angle, corner, deep dooiway pass age, and' the stints everywhere, wers at all houis constantly Indecently be Joulcil by men and women. t:nu ok ot.d i:i:gimi:. On .luly 11, 1'98, about the nofii hour, the Ameilcan aim, entered this city, and within twenty-foul houis, General l.eonaul Wood, coloiiel of the famous "Hough Klders," which he so efteetivr ly led in battle, was appointed military governor ot the cltv n:U sulci! Ik. Tlu task bifoie lilm was ically veiy poi plexlng and foimldnble; much more so than gi'iieially confronts a vletoilous iiillftc.i.v rommandei when admlnlster ing to a raptuied city. It was on the el.iv following. July 20, tint I, h-ivlng anlved in the harbor the evening pievlous, reported to Gen eral Wood, and I found him a desper ately bu.-iy man. but very calm in his method, aenltd at it. old elc-k In a dingy, badly lighted loom In the "Pal ace." with his several staff oMleei.s githeied aiound a couple of tables near his desk. Saddles, sables, lilies, Mag and nil kinds of military equipments explnliud the power In possession. Following ills veiy col dial welcome 1 was asked to outline my proposition to oiganUe a snnitaiy foice and for cleaning the city, and I did so. "All light; cut It short. You'll do. Repent to me at fi o'clock tomoirnn moiling and be leady to pitch in," tald the Geneial. "Meantime," ho added, "you had better take a glanca around the stieets." Such was the appointment and sim ple lnlof order given me to underteke the i leaning and purifying of this city; and so It happened that to me fell the pleislng honoi thanks to Uenoial Wood of being the first Ameilcan civ ie appointee in "uba by American au thoiltv and to be Intrusted ith the duty ot oignnlzlng the Mist civil dc paitnient established under the flag of the United States, which et wave-a with its deeply signiiieanl assuranej of jreaco and piotecllon tor all. Albo, it transplies. I am now considerably the longest in time on duty of alt Anifileani In Cuba with not a day of illness or absence on vacation or fur lough up lo date- neatly eighteen mouths. FJRST WCHK. I spent that afternoon strolling about the natiow. overciowded streets study ing the confronting task Uaiely may :i moie Interesting and strange state of things bo observed than existed In Santiago that day. And tha prospect ive task was a bit dlsheai toning. The cltv lias a normal population and capacity for about 70,050 people. Fully 1.10,000 souls were then crowded in its limits, Including three distinct, and not ovei friendly elements Span ish, Cubans and th victorious Amen cans, who weio the leal steadying peace-pie-ervers, for the sentiments of the Spanish and Cubans were in tensely antagonistic to cadi other. Civilians wire few. Everybody ap. parcntly was In full, or partial unlfoini and a native who were no lnacheti and a camp haversack was certainly very rare. The population was about as follows Native citizens of the city 70,000 Itcconeentr.idooh (coiintiy natives)., 2u,00i) biunisli soldiers -. KT.'XX) Ann rlcan soldiers, civilians and "Heel Cioss" emplojM 23,000 Total ll.,uOO Of the natives, especially the recon centradoes, the proportion of children and women, especially widows, was overwhelmingly great.' And all vvero so hungry and helpless! It was a piti ful, a shameful evidence of the mon ster Weyler's Idea of war. But aid was at last at hand under the Ameri can Mag. The "Red Cross" steamers and the great Meet of immense trans ports of the nimy were hourly pouting into the beautiful harbor. The com petent quartermaster department, now under good systematic purpose, was seizing the wharfs and nearby great warehouses, thousands of natives were given work and sure pay, in rushing the vast caigoes of forjrt and medicines and clothing and eveiy conceivable no rcpalty on shore. HASTILY SUMMONED OFFICERS. General Wood was hastily selecting a largo Btaff of army officers and details of "idler clerks and usslatants (for the American soldier is always capablu and available for any intelligent ser vice), selling vacant stores In nil part3 of the city, rushing Into them bounti ful supplies sent by our liberal govern ment and In two brief davs from tho hour of occupation, the doors were thrown open, flags woe raised and food was mirly thrown Into the count less outstretched hands of the doubt ing, starving, wildly frantic multitudes that fought for a space at the doors of those blessed relief state. And thes scenes were continued fur Into the nights and It was many days before tho hungered unfortunates were at last fed to a calm and lcusonlng condition. That terrible wolf, hungei, vanished. Uut of the sanltr.ry state of things. The filth was everywheie and astound ingly abundant. The innumerable odors, the stench of dead dogs, mules, horses and humans was most sicken ing, In fact, Fome narrow. streets weri absolutely imparslble, the stench was so gioat. In the now pretty pliipfi fronting the ofllelal palace was a vast pile of reek ing filth; also anothci, even worse, in front ot the Anglo-American flub,cah of which, In duo time, filled a dozen ntmv wagon boxes and hundreds of Minllar piles lay In the "treets, vacant lots, house yurds. stabtnt and the veiy numerous hillside gulleyo (or gulches), reculla In this city. Fully 100 hoisss and mules lay dead In the streets about the city. In one stable that had ben oecupld its a barracks by the Spanish artillery I found about twenty mule abandoned by their cowardly keepDis. unfed unwatered -starving. Several were dead. The number ot dead clogs wai mystifying until It was explained that for weeks previous the hilarious Spanish soldlets quartered In town en joyed pi noticing their shurpshoolliig skill by potting at the dogs. HORRIBLE STATE OF AFFAIRS. Everywhere were seen small groups carrying dead people to the cemeteiy. Thes- could scarcely be described as "funeials," for the dead were mostly enclosed in a rude box and cairled bal anced on tho head of one or may bo two men. Fully 100 dead people weio then lying abandoned in the tenements (and In some veiy respectable dwell ings). In all parts ot the city, and tho people were dying at tho late of fiom lr.0 to upwaids of 200 dally often alone, children separated from their parents, or, maybe, were strangers of the rural reconcentradoes friendless and un known. And In great iloeks In the streets or eliding In vast numbers just over the roofs of the city weie those sinister ln ellcatoisi of filth and disease the bu. Hauls! and yet they were the then only sanitary aids and friends to the people ot this city. Hut this frightful death rate was very quickly l educed to reasonable numbers by the energetic effoi ts of General Wood In supplying food and In opening numerous places where doc tors, medicine and caie could lie pro vided. Also In aiding in leunlting th s separated families and compelling all to seek houses (the matter of lent or owners' title cut no flguie those days), and so 'very lapldly out of the chaotic, insane confusion were evolved older, homes, food, labor foi men, laundry wotk for men, clothing for the naked and soon peace and a reeling of secur ity and content prevailed in Santiago for the 111 st time In yeais. Perhaps moie real and assuied than In all Its ccntuiles. Political piisoners were released fiom their rolls, tho almost dally slaughter ing of men by soldieis in front of that bull-pen wall of cruel memories was now- ended and the tine Inteipretatlon of the "pursuit ot peace, happiness and prosperity of mankind" that the Anieil can Mag typifies unu maintains was realized by the long-oppiessed people. CLEANING THE CITY. The task of cleaning tho city began on the 22d. At 6 a. ni. I found in the Phu.v de Armes a ctowd of 1,000 men and moie, eagerly awaiting ine, and their excitement was great to be given a broom and shovel and bo "counted in" for that blessed one dollar and one ration of food per day! And they knew, with not a doubt, it was a sure leward, for it was an American, not a Spanish piomise. All were employed. I aftci wards found among these law yers, merchants, professors, doctors and many otheis of intelligence and high social standing, who needed food and would not beg lor It. Men were sufficient, hut tools for the work was the next veiy seiious perplexing prob lem. Huny was the order and the need of the houi. The hardware sloies were sought and some Interesting facts were learned. Street push brooms, squllgees, scrap ers and such btieet cleaning Imple. ments so familiar In all American cities were unknown heie. And the light gar den rake, the simple thin blade hoe and the common barnyard pitchfork were nlso not to be had, for nobody ever user! such things here. Of wheelbar rows I succeeded In gathering about a dozen In the entile city. Not a shovel could be obtained in any stoie, and the scaiclty was explained that soni j weeks previous the Spanish officers had seized everything of the shovel kind (and never paid for them, of course, tho polite Spanish way of doing things!) for use In digging the great netwoik of ti enches to keen out the Yankee in vaders, and when done the shovels were cast away where they quit their work, GHASTLY SCENES. Aimy wagons nnd details of men weie promptly sent out along thoso trenches and It happened that about 400 shovels weie gathered In. Also that the bodies of two Spanish soldiers weio found hidden in tho deep underbiush, wheieln they had piobably crawled badly wounded and toon died, and had not been found by tho burial parties. And of wagons! All of the very few of the United States army service weio Imperatively needed to haul the dally supply of food to the American camps, also to the Juige army of Spanish piis oners nnd to the multitude ot furnished leconcentiados, In fact, to eveiy body! It was fully a week when General Wood nt last succeeded In captuiing three fine four-mule army wagons ready for use, and then the removal oi piles of filth earnestly began. Also, It may be added, Mr. Manuel Gomez, a resident here, who had lived :eais In the United States (and his handsome wife was a Philadelphia girl), came to our dire needs with a pioposltlon of help, and soon ho succeeded In gathci iug al.'ont two dozen of the clumsy, abominable and almost prehistoric carts, found everywhere In use here. These could Just about haul a barrel fill for a load. They "helped out" for the tremendous pressing demand of tho hour. DEATH EVERYWHERE. Meanwhile, I had been clearing away the horribly odoious dead dogs and mules, hauling those that could be, and on those found too much rotted wood was piled, kerosene poured over all, and they were thus burned on the spot. And this method was also used in the case of many of tho most reeking, odor ous piles of filth. Petroleum, of which quite a stock was found In the city, was poured Into the gutters all about tho city, and, In fact, the entire surface of some stieets were drenched with it nnd set on fire a very effective and purifying method. Dwellings nnd outbuildings wherein dead humans were found were entered, nnd the bodies, otten most loathsome, wore drenched with chloride, rolled In to an oldl blanket or bag bundled out nnd piled on tho curt, and, when a load of four or five of such hud been col lected, weio then hauled to a field, wheie n pre of old i ail way rails had been ut tanged, and when thirty or ro bodies were raited up nn that frame-, work, flrewrod was plied on, petro leum was liberally applied, and all werj ciemated. Does of poison were attractively prepaied for tho great droves of doga (which were ically very dangerous and bold), nnd their overwhelming numbers were nulckly decreased, and with them and the dead mulen nnd tilth piles also went their constant shadows flu loathsome buzznids. Dogs are very few In Santiago now- and buzzaids are no more seen In the streets. And so the good work went on. Soon the loul stench of the countless sickening odois passed nwny, the nlr became fnlrly wholesome and bteathable. The frightful death-rate quickly ceased; tho regular annual scourge of yellow- fever, demanding Its thousands of victims, failed to appear; the good citizens re turned fiom their hiding places; wo men began to appear on tho streets (somewhat timidly nt flist); the pret ty Pla7a des Amies wns neatly clean ed, the Ameilcan lglmental hand gave evening mi'k- to the people, and peace, older, clc.inllnesji and health at last suiely pi ev ailed, and does to this day. But when the streeis weio finally cleaned to a falrlv respectable condi tion nnothor task was found confront ing and urgently lequlilng prompt at tention. SPANISH CLEANLINESS. The Spanish lda of such pilvate de cencies Is eeitalnlv strange. Fiom the. condition of these matters us found here Ihelr Ideas of cleanliness, deeenej, modesty nnd health was far lower anil mor disgusting, fiom the general standpoint of clvIIUod people, than ever found among any tribe of Indians In Ameilcu. I know the Aintiicnn In dian well and am prepared to elebatu nny question of their habits. Having no sewcis, nothing whatever to such put port-, all families and busi ness places had to tluow all thetr water slops and infuse into the stieets. Fiom a long established custom this was. and Is, done at night. At pres ent fully ISO.ooo gallons dally, or night ly, aie thus disposed of. It Is ceitalnly very bad for the stieets -and for t!i" gullies wheieln li finally settles. But Its dangers as a source foi disease and In causing bad odois aie now c on Etantlv and effectually dltpoed of by th-' street sptlnkleir. u-!ng t hemic illy chaiged wat"r and bv ti" specjal dis infecting caits vvhli'.i constantly w about, dienchlng the miett gutters with piepaiations of chloride!- and cai hoi ks and no vile odoi Is notlc cable. In dealing the yaid'i and vaults (or deilng the tenants to do so). It Mist was bltteily lesented by many, nnd. In fact, was agreeable to but veiy few. The order was geneially regarded as an intiuslon on the personal lights their sat led homes! "INTERFERENCE." Said a piomlnent merchant to in.1 one time; "You Amei leans are very queer; I do not understand you. You are pioud of your liberty and light to do as you please, yet heio you come to me, walk Into my place and tell mo 1 must clean my yard and sidewalk and how- and when I must do It! Why, the Spaniaids never would dare do such a thing. But It Is a good order and I w 111 obey It." And he did. Said another, a Cuban captain, whose modest house and the long natiow- In tel lor patio In the rear, weie all found reeking with a vast accumulation of the lllth of many years, and where the many lle odors were almost un bearable, when he was visited and oi elereu to clean the place: "What!" said he, Immensely angiy and amazed, "What, you come into my house and oidcr me what I shall do In my house! I tell you this is all mine. Heie my father owned and lived. Here his fath er owned and lived. Heie I was born. Here my wife and her In other and my sister all live. We aie very well, we are never sick. I like this smell. If tho neighbors all around like it not they can go away. Heie I stay. Go out of my house! Go quickly! Ameil can libeity! Bah'" i:NFOnCING OltDEKS. But ho flnnllr eleatW his house (ami cleaned It mighty clean, too), ami his . Ife uml the nolo brother and sister helper! enoigetloally, but It lequlied a veiy lively episode of fists and whtpi to beat It into his head lltei ally that the order as for the good of the peo ple! and must be promptly obeyed; and there uer? many other very similar cases nuj be SO where the whip and foice had to be used tr win the aigu ment Theie were no police eoutts here In those eventful days to sustain and enfoiee such civic orders, no "$5 and costs," no piecedents, and no law of bueh purpose known of by them. And It transpired that for snmo months I wan somewhat of n combina tion of the duties of th" Inspeetoi. tho law, the ordf r and the enforcer. It la all very dlneient now and the houses of all are c lean. The law and Its goo 1 purpose, and Its ttno benefit? to all. li now lsble nnd is understood, and t believe tho cf'otls exeitd In those days Is sincerely appieclated and valued by all citizens of Santiago and by (ill na tive vlsltois, too. It 3 a revelation to them of Ameilcan ideas and methods for the sood of the people, and of how and for whom public money should be expended. Santiago Is now a very healthy, clem nnd quaintly attractive city. Xoni more co anywheic. No city has a more peifect nnd complete sanitary or tjanhatlon. BKTTi:n CONDITIONS. It Is divided into sanitary districts, each under native foremen and thu employes aie ery neaiJy all natives (who, I find, aio ns eillcient us an laborers), are neatly unltonned, fairly well dillled, nnd quite satisfied are, In fact, pioud nf their Unties. And tho supply of equipments, Implements anil teams Is absolutely complete, noiui could bo better, of ever) thins up to date, tho latest and best for all ivedi nnd ruipwos. Of tho hundreds of em ployrs of tho ranltuiy department nomi lias died or even been HI, and of tho manv mules all largj American ani malsnot one has yet died. Several laiR". deep wagtnr, many district etreet carts, ten rieat lon levolvln garbage caits from th) United State, a dead nnlmnl wagon. HprlnkllnK rarts. plttlnp wagons, pump and tank wag- ons for privy cleaning unci ft eight JO A4 LOVO'3 SONS. Here Is a Picture That Is Worth a Good Many Thousands of Dollars to You. Michael Angelo's famous painting of "The Last Judgment," in the Vatican at Rome cost fifty thousand dollars and was considered a master stroke of the brush. But here is a picture just as interesting to you a master stroke in buying merchandise and it cost more than thirty-one thousand dollars. It is more valuable to you than the great painting, for it combines with itself a remarkable opportunity to save a great deal of money. The intrinsic value of the one is more than offset by the monetary value of the other.' You admire the one for the art it conveys. You revel in the other because it is merchandising reduced to a science. Sharp talent in buying merchandise is just as necessary to your interests as was to convert plain canvas into color richness. We Are Offering You This Big 'Leader' Stock at 40 and 50 Per Cent. of Its Actual Original Cost. To buy now is to count the saving for many, weeks to come. Prudent buyers are taking advantage of every opportunity to buy this "Leader" stock. Every day tells you some new story so watch our store news. $1.98 for "The Leader's" $5.98 Mackintoshes. An exceptional chance at these best of all rainy-day garments if you hurry for them. One hundred. Of double and single texture. Leader's price, 35c Cc Our price, U All that is left of the splendid qual ity. Blue Mixed Underwear for Men. Medium weight, carefully made and nicely tinished. Not a great deal left so come early as you can. Black and Colored Guimps. A sensational oiler in our trimming department. About 1,400 yards black and colored Guimps. Sold by the Leader at 20 to 30 cents yard. Our price 5C Big Lot of Embroideries. All of them are in lengths of from 4 to 5 yards, running in widths up to 6 in ches. Sold by Leader up to 15c and 18c. Our price yC Table Doylies. Big lot of them in the art goods de patment. Small Round Table Doylies, all stamped ready to cut out and. work Leader pi ice jc. Our price lC Corsets. Almost a solid case of very nice Sum mer Coisets, that had never been un packed, go on sale for the first time today at the absurd price ot x5C Demonstration of music by the fa mous Suit on Bros, ccrnetlsts and pi uolsts all we 'k on second floor. wagons, aie Included li the fine team Incr seivlce of the depat tmenl. Great supplies nf undo petroleum, chloride of lime carbolic acid, formal dehyde, chloio-nanhtol and numerous other approved prepaintlons for sani tary needs are canted In stock and luAislily (but not wiistcfullv) applied where needed and fioely supplied to all houses. This Sanlt.uy department ot Santi ago was tho very Hist clvl! organiza tion created In Cuha the Instant the Amei leans were In possession nnd con trol. The law courts und the much valued common fieo schools (these be ing the Mist of schools flee to all ever created In Cuba) weie the next matters Genera! Wood ptomptly attended to. Then camo the water woiks street paving, remodeling the dilapidated old public buildings, mad and bridge build ing In the country hereabouts the building of wharves, puilfylng of the liaibor and all the countless other ie qulrementH of an Intelligent, Industri ous, honest, sensible and truly civilized people. But all these are elementary qualities which the SDanlh seeming y never exercised and but little pos sessedan assertion eri abundantly In evidence In all things here. Jly sei vices In creating and operat ing this department, if of nny meilt, hae been constantly under the official supei vision of and only made possible of creditable results by the most lib eral unquestioning support of General Leonaid Wood, to whom credit Is well due that he fully icallzed the needs and labor of hucIi a department. WOOD'S ORUAT WORK. Much has been printed and illustrated det,cilptle ot Major General Leonard Wood, all highly compllmentaiy and eveiy bit was well descned. "but such mentions hae been almost entirely about his hervlce In organizing and commanding the First leslment of United States Volunteer cavalry the very famous, popular and only "Hough Ilideis," and all abou. how enily the next moinlm, when landed on Cuban soil he led them Into and began and i wgn the first combat with the hidden Spanish foes. Ot his military skill and nblllty.his peisonal bravery and steadi ness In the houi of battle danger, nil these qualities have been recognized and heartily appieclated by the fondly critical Ameilcan public; but that war was very brief und his doubtless higher qualities as n military chief had but little opportunity to develop. He is, however, yet young, only thirty-eight yeais of age. But of his capabilities as a civic chief ho has now demon strated his very high genius. His selection by President MeKlnley to be tho military governor over these people has proven to be one of the hap piest and most satisfactory measures taken In shaping and skillfully har monizing these Cuban affahs. The real state of all the native problems, the conditions and tho needs, tho radical evolution of all their past costumes and the perplexities Involved, the skeptic Ism of und their Inherent racial dls tiusl and dislike of Americans (the open hatred even of some) as found leally existing among these people; all such matters can bo but vaguely or not at all understood by the American people nt home, nor very clearly oven by our government officials In Wash ington. Tho simple methods, tho tact and the constant calm judgment he has displayed in his management of affairs hero has ceitalnly proven re markably successful and satisfactory to all concerned and he surely has won the confidence, the respect and good opinion of all Santiago people, natives and forelsners. CUTTING 11ED. TAPE, ileal good military men of the Ideal JONAS LONQ'mmONm. Some Big Bargains in Domestics. GINGHAMS Genuine Everitt's Classics, in light and dark colors of checks, plaids, etc., sold by The Leader at 8c a yard. Our 3 price O4C MUSLIN 2,000 yards of Wamasutta, in lengths of 5 to 15 yards. The Leader price Q 12c. Our price oC TOWELING Pure linen, bleached and un bleached. Leader price 6ic and 7Sc. .3 Our price 4C Dress Goods from The Leader. You can buy two or three dresses now for the ordinary cost ol one. Both qualities and prices meet the favor of your purse. SILKS A beautiful lot of plain taffetas in all shndes, fine heavy quality. Sold by The Leader at 85c to $1.00. Our price 5C PLAIDS A very special lot of Le Beline plaids in tan and reseda, cadet and gold, green and cerise, cadet and cerise Very heavy quality; sold by The Leader at $1.25. Our price 5UC FANCIES English cheviots, homespuns, cam el's hair suiting, granite cloths and fancy plaids; sold by The Leader at 75c to 1.25. ! Our price 5V2C CHECKS A pretty lot of novelties in fancy clucks and plaids all new styles, good width; sold by The Leader at 12 1-2 cents, yi Our price Q8C Jonas Long's Sons "give and take" fighting kind, but raiely make good civic rulers or ad visers. Too much legard for rules, legulations, red tape and "respectfully referred." Uut General Wood U not much ham pered In h.ls mind with Mich intensely milltniy dllly-diillylnu dead weights. Possessed of a high university educa tion, and a thoiough piotessional edu cation in the medical field, then havins some years of activity in civil life and Its affairf. In direct contact with the logical people, then nbnut 12 yeais ot service In the United Slates at my, nearly all In the West (one of the best fields In years past to develop the real qualities of a manly man), an athlete, possessed of grent physical vigor and high mental activity and by Instinct nnd preference a solc'ler, ho Is fully gifted with a combination of qualities mrely possessed bv moil nnd all of the kind precisely needed for tho various duties demanded from a governor of these people and their affairs in thos crucial times. The long era of the bloodhound, tho buzzard nnd the plundcilng Spaniard is forever ended in Cuba anel under the simple, earnest, common sense nn honest lead nnd guidance of Gewral Wood a new creation of human indus tiles, nt practical Ideas, of real honor, of personal liberty and hnpplness, of education and brains. Is being estab lished. Slouly. peacefully (let us hope), quietly but sine. Being the cen tial factor In accomplishing- this great woik upon which so much depends for the vvelfaie nnd progress of countless humanity In nil the ages to come, General Wood Is hlghlv entitled to tin constant icspect and cood will of all Cubans and Amei leans As nn Ideil representatives and a pinctlcal expon ent of real if publican American doc trines he meets nil demands. His first lessor, of peace and good will to thesi pfople whs to teach them that "clean llness Is next to Godliness." ON A BUNAWAY ENGINE. An Interesting Fragment of Early Railroad History. From the Boston Trarscrlpl. It was a proud day for Reuben Finch when he was selectol n.'eni rcer of the big, elght-wheelid fiol',hte r Massachusetts. Back In the '4J'.?,wnen tallioading was young and tnr ovations were regarded with an Interest mil Jaded with the innnv Invention., .mi contrivances of modern science, tho news that the Western railroad, which now forms a part of the Boston and Albany system, had put on a mam moth freight engine, larger than any et tried, excited a widespread curi osity, not limited to the circle of rall luad men, which was then much small er than It Is now. Among the engi neers and fliemen, however, the curi osity had something of excitement ii.liiltlec' with it, born of the desire to be put in charge of the great engine. And so Finch was nn onvied man the day his appointment was made known. Not less fortunato than Finch, In the estimation of the brotheihood, was James Marcey, who was selected to run with him as fireman on the Mas sachusetts. It was something to be placed In charge of a mighty monster, which made all tho other engines on the road look like children's toys. Early In December the Massachu setts was brought up from the shops at liowell, and was sent up and down tho road, while Finch ndlusted eveiy little pait till she was In good working trim. The test of the engine was awaited with great Interest, as fabul ous tales were told of the number of cars she could haul. The test was to be a sevcie one, but thero was one JON AM LONQ'SSONS thing that Interfered theie weie not cars enough around to make It Intel -esting. In those davs the freight traf fic was very limited. Each road kept its own cais on its own Iron, as the railroad men say, and the variety fiom every road In the country could not be seen on each track, as it Is to day. So, to get enough cars a tribute was levied on each passing fieignt train. It delayed the traffic a tew day.s ot course, but goods sent by fie'ght in the '40't. weie not peilshablo. The test was to be made over tha track from AVoicestcr to Springfield, and on Deccmbei IS, 1S-40. Ili'ity-fivo eats had been collected enough, it was thought, to give th engine a most thoiough test, for thoi'ty-flvp cars made a ttenendcus 'oaO, as loads were then. In the afternoon Fipch and Marcey oiled up the p n la anew and made everything icujy for tlu triumphal trip to Sprlngtll.l. A couple of tots on th" wnistle, .1 clnnglng of the bell, and Wneh, open ing the throttle, felt the prTit cm;lno loll out on to the main track with seemingly ns little effort ns though there were not a string of freight cais bjhlr.d her nearly n qua.'ter el n mile long. There weie two or ihreo men In the cab with Finch and Muuey, among them Wilson Fddy, known the country over In later yeais 3 the veteian mnstor mechanic of the Bos ton and Albany nllroad. Majestical ly the Massachusetts swen-r along and thero was nothing to mar tho smooth ness of the machinery's i.uillon. It was a brls-U vvlntoi day ami (he rnlli were covered with frost, but the gient wheels did not slip. Kuilroud acci dents were a new thing then, and It was as yet an undlscoveied lac t that an engine could inn nway, wlih Us engineer poweiless to eontiol It There were but two brakes on the train, but this caused no uneasiness, particular ly as there wns that si eat engine to bo depended upon. In those dayt the railicad hid not yet I ecu extended acio.'s the Connect icut river at Springfield, lint tlu abut ments for a bildge weie being built. Before the handsome Boston and Al bany stutlon was built ut Sprlnsllckl theie was u rteep Erad-i which swept down Into the cltv liom tho east. Beginning about a mile back fiom the city tho Hack diopped quickly down past the station and came to an end at the liver bank, 3'J'l yards below. This was tho Jumplng-oft place, for the tracks had not yet I een built out en tho river bank not far away. It was here that tho engines were faced about for the return tiipf. As the Massachusetts, coming In triumphantly from its ro-mlle run, ap proached the brink of (he hill u mllo back from the liver Finch began to slow down, ard ns ho did so he began to realize that the heavy tialn h'ld considerable Impetus. He was afraid to risk going down the grade with so few brakes nnd decided to stop nnd block tho wheels, seeing that tho track was very sllppeiy. So he shut off tho steam and applied the brakes. To his surprise they seemed to luvo no effect on tho heavy train. "Watch out. Finch," eaid Mnicey, "or you'll have us on the grade. It's pretty slippery today." Finch made no icply, but iKivously reversed the throttle, rending tha wheals spinning backwaid ov'or tho greasy rails In splto of the weight of the engine, but not staving In tho least the movement of the train. Tlw dip In the grade came nearer and neaier, and at last Flrch ciled: "My God, boys! I don't bcilve 1 can stop hei!" Then suddenly tho engine leaped for vvurd as It felt tho steeper grade, nnd the speed Increased each second In spits JON Am LONG'S SONS. Leader's price, $12 to $15. Z .98 Our price, O Suits Men-tailored, sixty of them, 47Uii9 0f aj.woo homespuns and broadcloths, in grey, blue and black, tight-fitting or fly-front coats, inverted plait skirts. All sizes in the lot. SECOND FLOOK. Colored Velvets. Of which "The Leader'' carried an Immense stock the finest of qualities and in almost every known color and hue. We place the entire lot on sale today second floor. -'Leader" price up to $1.98 yd. Our price OVC Notions Cheap. Leader Price our Price Sterling Stays, set 20c 10c Crotchet Cotton, spool.... $c 3c Seam Binding, piece 12c 6c Kid Curlers, dozen 1 oc Sc Curling Irons 8c 3c Hair Pin Cabinets 5c 3c Hooks and Eyes, card.... 5c 2c Two Hosiery Bargains. Men's heavy mixed sox in cotton, grey and brown. Leader price 12 1-2C. Our price C Woman's fast black stockings in plain and drop stitch, seamless, genuine Maco yarn. Leader price, 15 cents. Our price 9C Demonstration of Armour's Ex. tract of Beer w th many ways to use it. In the Basement. of Finch's efforts, as car after car swept over the brink and punned for waid with a foice that va'j not to bo resisted. The occupants of tho cub could do nothing but rllng to the en gine with n helplessness which became despair as they saw that the big en gine was entliely beyond conlioi. But as the Massachusetts came lushing down toward the depot the full hor.'oi of the situation burst upon her occu pants, for there recmed to be no way to escape plunging stialght Into tho abutments of the new bildge. There was a scramble for the sida of the cab. Kddy madt! the fust Jump and he i oiled off the tiacks just at th3 station, unhurt. Moore, the conduc tor, and Nichols, n Human, who was riding in the cab, Jumpd next and were not seiiously lnjuied, while b.iclc of them the train hand- weie iumpin? to the right and left for their lives. Finch buively stuck to the Massachu setts, doing nil ho could to stop ;h j headlong ru-h and p!ai nlng to Jump at the last moment at the liver bank, and Marcey stnyed with him. A few secords moii and the whole tialn would be piled up In the liver, but Just then a curious thing occurred. As the Mnbsaehuetts leached the point where the spur tinck led off to the loundhutise Finch felt a sudden Jerk sldewlse that told him the englno had taken tho switch, and teallzlng that !t inut plunge Into the round houses Instead of the river, he Jumped without an Instant's hesitation and without seeing vhat his, landing placu was going to be. He luckily stiuck a clear spot jut In frotil of the round house and went lolling yards away fiom the tiaeli, while the migl.tv en gine with Its Ions tialn of eirs went rushing at full jpnd 'lnmigh the dou ble doors, Mai iey had delayed hta Jump too long and was burled In tha clebils Into which the ii.undhouso, en gine and cars were resolved Abtl Wlllurcl. the matter mechanic of the load, bad heatd tho engine coming down the Kiac'c, and supposing that It was home ensiim wanting to come In there had tluow n the switch. Tho fores with which the Massachusetts, pushed by the heavy tiuln, btruek tha roundhouse wns tiemendous. The oil engine Hampden, which was htundlng on the truck Inside, was dilvsn through the brick wall on the fuither side and bi ought up standing, after climbing a woodpile which stood on the very brink of the liver. But for lhi the Mas sachusetts would have got Into tha liver after nil. despite the trilling ob stacle of a bilck muiidhouse. The cms piling into the house after the engine filled It to the toot with wreckage, and the frightful confusion gave a new idea of tho pofflbllltles of rallioadlng. The debut of ihe Massa chusetts had caused the loss of four lives as well as tho demolition of the train nnd tho roundhouse. Marcey was hulled deep in tho wreckage, Wll lard and a helper weiv ciushed whllo endeavoring tu get the doubl doors open und n brakeman was killed In Jumping, but Finch camo off nearly un bcathed. An Editor Finds a bure Cure foi Rheumatism. A. R. Do Fluent, editor of the Jour nal, Doylestown, Ohio, suffered for a number of yeais from rheumatism In his right shoulder and side. Ho says; "My right arm ut times was entirely useless. I tiled Chamberlain's Pain Balm, and was surprised to receive re lief almost Immediately, Tho Pain Balm has been a constant companion of mine ever since and It never fulls." For sale by all druggists. Matthew Bros'., wholesale and retail urjts. 5 . 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Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers