THE SOUANTON TRIBUNE- SATURDAY MORNINCr, MAY 20. f!)7. 13 . Bad aed Good Poiots AlboMt Omir Jury System. T - I 0 Text of am instructive Address Delivered Recently by Justice John Dean of the Pennsylvania Supreme Court Before Law Academy of Philadelphia. "Tho essence of Jury trial, as wo know It, la the right ot the accused to havo tho fact of his guilt determined by his peers his fellows and of the fluttor to have the fact of his property right determined by the same tribunal In the first Instance on a disputed fact, the appeal Is to the twelve men In tho box. As concerns power thero Is not r.or cor thero be, a higher ofllee than Juror In this nation. There Is not a des pot on earth exercising power over the j-ubject, who 1b so wholly Irresponsible as the Juror, The "worst of despots Is In sonic degree sensitive to public opln Ion; Is always subject to the hatred of and sometimes assassination by the outraged subject; and If he perpetrato iwirongs Intolerable, revolution over throws him. But the Juryman, for a few days, suspends his ordinary vo cation; occupies the exalted place of a ttler of fact; decides that one of his fellows cught to die on the gallows, another undergo a long Imprisonment as a felon, or another receive thous ands of dollars of property In posses sion of his nntagon'st; after thus pass ing on the life, liberty and property of oldens, he falls back Into the mass, ami Is never heard ot again In connec tion with the all-Important events In which he was tho principal actor. I repeat, In all this broad land of free Institutions, which Its numerous ofti ces from .president to messenger boy, there Is no such Irresponsible power lodged anywhere as with the Juror. And In a government 'of tho people, by the people and for the people,'' such lerrlble power ought to be lodged Just thore and nowhere else. In my opinion It has been the chief source of strength to oiir Judicial system. The people feel That there remains with them the most Important function In the administra tion of Justice, ascertainment of tho truth from conflicting evidence; shield ing tho humble from tho assaults of the malicious and powerful. CHANGE IN PUBLIC OPINION. "In our own commonwealth, for a full half century after the Revolution, any suggestion of abridgment of right ot trial by Jury was met In the legisla ture by most emphatic refusal. Near ly all the chancery powers the courts now possess were mo.it grudgingly con ferred In the last fifty years, At about that time, fifty years ago, the careful student of our Judicial history will no tice a change In both legal and to some extent public opinion commenced. Whether a Jury trial was the surest roadi to Justice In manry cases' where theretofore It had been adopted was questioned. Under the old equity rules lawyers of the highest standing began to certify at the foot ot a bill In equity that tho client had no adequate rem edy at law, and both In the common pleas and supreme court, as is shown by the reported cases, equity was ex 'temded to Include cases' over which, before that time, H had no Jurisdiction. "Ini tho Constitutional convention ot 1S37 no attempts at radical change in Jury trial were made; but in that of 1873 an able minority made many un successful assaults upon it. Some changes were made affecting the right .but It was substantially unaltered, and the old declaration, "Trial by Jury shall bo as heretofore, and the right thereof remain lnvollate," was adopted. The legislature, however, by the acts of , J838 and 1881, under the guise of a re gulation of the right, made serious ichnngca. The courts, as early as 1854. .. held.- the Tight existed only as to of- i fenses Indictable at the adoption of our first Constitution in 1776, and could not :ba Invoked as to statutory offenses; t and. again, that It did not exist In oom- moTJjJaw'icourts where tho proceedings Juwero-out of the course of the common -i aiw.i a1 I COURTS AND JURIES AT ODDS. bu ''There appears further in the trial of causes Involving rights of property t'a Vleclded antagonism between the J'trial'courts and tho Juries. Tho charge 'of the Judge, his comments on the evl i deiice, frequently Indlcato a different verdict than that rendered; evidently, 1 ''the verdlot does not accord with his n'rvlaw of' the evidence; he seems to sus tpctthSt his point of view Is a different fit-one from 'that which will be taken by f thof Jury", and he seeks at the outset itot -their 'deliberations to Induce them ct'd change their ground. The court fre quently after verdict offers to the suc cessful party the alternative of a re duced verdict or a new trial- Caustic comments of the public press on what arc termed absurdlyunjust verdicts.un known twenty-five years ago, all are facts which must strike anyone ns significant in view of tho sol emn declarations of great law yers and statesmen half a century since. I remember well, forty years ago, hearing Thaddeus Stevens de clare, after a Jury had been sent out In a most Important case In which he was counsel, that there waa one thing even the Omnipresent Himself could not foretell, and that was the verdict of a Jury on conflicting evidence. In whatever sense he may havo meant this to be taken, I have always thought It was the highest possible trbute to tho Integrity and capacity of the Jury. Alter hearing all the evidence, seeing tho .witnesses, hearing the argument of able counsel and an Impartial sum mlrig Up by the trial Judge, what decis ion as to the truth will twelvo Intelli gent, honest men, after Impartial delib eration, come to? Who knows better , vhat? that decision ougljt to bo than they? Who can possibly have a better opportunity for arriving at the very tiuth than they? Feed counsel on eith er side cannot Impartially deliberate; the (rial Judge, althqugh a trained rcasoner, may be a child In knowledgo of the opinion affair of life which enter;-Intoi the question at Issue, and In which pome of the Jury, at least, are experts; the unsworn casual epecta ttyrs at tho trial are never in posses sion vof the whole case In all Its bear ngg hs are the Jury. It is no Imputa tion cyi the integrity or Intelligence of a jury that their verdict In a contested case on facts cannot bo known un til rendered. The assaults of later yafs op tho Institution today are In jarge "degree prompted by tho fact, not that their1, verdict cannot bo known, put 'that It can. be foretold before It Is rendered, Given the parties and their' financial condition, without regard to he weight or significance ot the evi dence. In o, ery large number of cases, the verdict can be assumed with proxlmato certainty. An individual agalnct a corporaton, municipal or pri vate; a poor man against a rich one, ,tlio -undoubted tendency In late years li. on conflicting evidence, to find tho the disputed fact for plaintiff without giv ing proper weight to countervailing evidence In favoftof defendant. CONFIDENCE WANING. "This statement Is made after an ex perience of forty years at the bar and on the bench; It Is not made as nn at tack upon the Institution of tho Jury, for If there be one pnrt of our Judicial system to which I am unalterably nt tnched It Is 'trial by Jury as heretofore,' but to effectually defend It the truth must bo told. If public confidence is becoming Impaired In the stability of what to me seems the most Important pillar of our grand edifice, we must know why and proceed at once to re store and repair. "To sustain my proposition, ns to the growing tendency of Juries in the teeth of evidence, to take from him who hath and give to him who hath not, It Is hardly necessary to cite proofs within tho knowledge of every Judge and lawyer and many laymen. Ah Just one Instance, take the case of one private corporation In this city, the street railway companies. In 1SG8, when the cars were moved by horses, the verdicts In negligence cases were four, aggregating $16,150. In 1S92, be fore the change had been made to elec trlo power, there were twelve cases, and the verdicts aggregated $30,603. In 188G, when they paid $16,150 dam ages, they carried 137,057,012 passen gers, counting single fares. In six years, while still running cars by horse power, the damages almost doubled, Increased nearly 100 per cent.; the In crease In passages was, In round num bers, from 131,000,000 to 187,000.000, an Increase of about 40 per cent. Then the new motive power was put on, and In 189G the verdicts In negligence cases reached $345,410.50, the number of cases being 118. The passenger fares in creased, however, from 187,000,000 in 1892 to over 261,000,000 in 1896. The In crease In travel was again about 40 per cent., in verdicts about 1,000 per cent. As to this last astounding in crease, It may be fairly assumed that much of 'It Is due to the fact that the more powerful motor Is the more dan gerous one and that a higher degree ot care Is required on the part of those us ing It than was exacted in the use of horses. But, assuming that there was an absence of care according to the circumstances In many more cases when the new power came Into use than in moving the cars by horses, there was, In any fair view, It seems to me, an Increase In verdicts out of proportion to Increase of passengers. The figures given I obtained from the Department ot Internal Affairs at Harrlsburg, from tho court records and from the officers of the railway com panies. I have no reason to believe they are Incorrect. "As I have Bald, trial by Jury, If It be a fair and Impartial trial of disputes on evidence, must from its very na. ture strengthen the administration ot Justice and add to the stability of free Institutions, but If It be perverted from Its object, the ascertainment of truth lmto a means of promoting a re distribution of property without re gard to legal right, then eventually there comes revolution under legal forms and the Institution will bo abol ished, thereby placing the adminis tration of justice further from the peo ple and consequently weakening their attachment to Its form, a result to bo deplored by every friend of government by the people. FAULTS OP TRIAL. BY JURY. "Why does trial by Jury In later years, In cases Involving the right of property, so often fall to reach the Justice of tho cause; so often fall to re cord the truth? It Is usually ascribed to tho growth of socialistic docUlncs among tho masses of the people, and Its consequent presence In the jury box. It Is not Improbable that this has eome infiuenco In rare cases, but, from my observation, Juries began toswervofrom the truth slnco the multiplication of corporations, and their growth In power and capital; habits of thought then began to chango and the moral senso to becomo dulled. The intan gible thing knowaas corporate llfo had to many no life forgetting that tho corporation was but a huge partner ship, of which the shareholders wero members, they regarded It as a life less thing, incapable of suffering loss or of feeling a wrong; they lost sight of tho fact that a wrong to tho arti ficial being was suffered personally by Individual members of It In proportion to their holdings; that the humble, tho helpless', tho widow and orphan, must each suffer his or her porportlonate share of every wrong perpetrated on the artificial being of which they were members. It la not a growing deficiency In, moral semie, but an Ignorant perver sion of It; an active sympathy with the individual complainant whom they see and hear, and no sympathy with and often a prejudice against tho aggrega tion of capital, which, to their senses, Is devoid ot personality, 'This pervert- SUPREME COURT JUSTICE JOHN DEAN. 1 moral sense is duo in great degree to tho education of tho public, the do mngoguery on the stump, unjust at tacks in newspapers and even denun ciations from the pulpit; such epi thets as bloated bond-holders, soulless corporations and robber barons, have been familiar for nt least twenty-five years; they aro Indiscriminately ap plied to corporations and their mem bers until the tendency, ovoa In In telligent minds, is to consider BUltors ns belonging to two classes, corpora tions with no rights and natural per sons, whoso rights ns against them must bo strictly guarded. Ito some ex tent this perversion Is duo to unwise conduct of those In charge of corporato property. But unquestionably, popu lar education has brought about large ly a perversion of tho popular con science, and this habit of thought, starting with prejudice against corpor ate capital, has been Inscnsll- extend ed to Include Individual capital, so that In every Issue, of fact with large prop erty on one side and poverty on tho other, the weight of the evidence, In many oases, palpably falls to estab lish the truth by a verdict. THE REMEDY. "Where Is tho remedy? It Is non- sense to talk about the trial court us urping the constitutional functions of tho jury and In some Illegal way bring ing about a verdict which shall ac cord with the Judge's opinion of the evidence; or about an appellate court reversing the jury on a finding of fact from conflicting evidence. Under a government of law, no wrong ever was righted by a disregard of or .by a violation of law on the part of those appointed to administer It, without be ing followed by tho most Intolerable evils. No matter what may be the mo tive, that which a Judge cannot do law fully, he must not do at all. Trial by Jury must be as heretofore, and the right thereof remain lnvlohye, until the people themselves blot that dec laration from our bill of rights'. My be lief Is that the root ot the evil lies In laxity of enforcement of the law regu fess I am not absolutely sure of this, because the facts from which I make my deduction are neither so well es tablished nor so many as would war rant the absolute certainty of the cor rectness of an opinion. "The jury wheel Is to be filled with tho names of 'sober. Intelligent and Judicious persons,' by the board of Jury commissioners, of whom the presi dent judge Is one, In the different coun ties of the commonwealth; in Phlladel phla.'it Is to be filled with a sufficient number 'of sober, healthy and dis creet citizens. The provisions are sub stantially the same as. to the' qualifica tions of the persons whose names are put In the wheel. So far as I can learn the wheel, both in Philadelphia and, in every other Judicial district, has been properly filled; that Is, no well grounded complaint has ever been made that the names' of drunken, ig norant or Injudicious persons, except to a very limited extent, have been put In the wheel; ns nearly as human per ceptions and Judgment could deter mine, the requirements of the law In these particulars havo been observed. Occasionally the names of Improper persons have got Into the wheel by In advertence or mistake, but so seldom as only to prove the law was carried out as faithfully as any law could be, where administration depended on fall ible human judgment. We have now In the wheel the names of 'sober, In telligent and Judicious persons,' or 'sober, healthy and discreet citizens,' from which the Juries are to be drawn, who shall determine the truth from conflicting evidence of every Issue on which depends the life, lib erty and property of the citizen. These names ought to and do Include citi zens from every vocation In life the laborer, mechanic, business and pro fessional man. It will at once be no ticed that tho Jury wheel and the gen eral panel represent the average con science and Intelligence of the Judicial district; eliminate from this the me chanic, small storekeeper and laborer, you get above the grade of conscience and Intelligence applicable to the set of men; for, as before noticed, these are experts In those matters which Im mediately concern them. I have re ceived more light in the trial of a cause from a coal miner than from an educated mining engineer; the coal miner was better educated In the prac tical knowledge which ho dug out with his pick than the engineer, whose knowledge was largely gained from his books. And If you eliminate from tho Jury panel the educated man, tho man of large business affairs, the pro fessional man, you get below the aver age conscience and Intelligence of the Judicial affairs. . INTELLIGENCE NECESSARY; "While tlu) wheel and the general panel represent tho average conscience and Intelligence ot tho community, tho Jury-box does not. Let mo Illustrate: When I commenced my Judicial car eer, moro than twenty-five years ago, In a large district composed of three counties in which were large interests, euch as mining, lumbering, iron manu facturing, immense machine shops, rich farming lands, great carrying corporations and In which arose litiga tion Involving, nil these Interests; hav ing been born and reared In tho dis trict, I had personal knowledge of al most every citizen In It. Tho usual general panel waa 4S Jurors. On thq call of this panel on tho first day of tho term, I noticed about one-fourth to ono-thlrd asked to be excused on one, protenco or another. At first I granted narly every application, but soon no ticed tliat It resulted In taking off the list what 1b usually termed! tho best class of citizens, leaving mo to try Is sues with the remaining twoithlrds or three-fourths. Now, these remaining were 'obcr, Intelligent and Judicious persons,' but they were confined to two or three vocations. None ot them had experience lro large business affairs, Involving employment of labor, man agement of corporate Interests or mu nlcljml government. The professional man, tho boss mechanlc.tho city ooun cllmnn, tho thriving farmer, all wanted to bo excused from the Jury service, because of tho pressing nature of their business affairs. They were superior men, tho very best specimens of tho Judicious citizen. Relieve this class from Jury duty, and you at once re duce tho average of conscience and In telligence Ih tho Jury box. And this condition exists In this city, and In every county of tho commonwealth to day. Tho most Intelligent and judicious citizen In every court Is seeking to escape Jury duty, and too often he suc ceeds lt evading the performance of an unpleasant service. This was not the case In the early history of our oountry. Then the most Intelligent and Influential citizens felt honored by be ing called upon to servo as Jurors, and never sought to evade the duty. Busi ness was not so exacting in Its de mands; the pursuit ot wealth was not so eager. The consequence of this evasion ot duty Is you havo not In tho Jury box the average consclencennd In telligence of the public. What would be the verdict In any given case In volving a property right with . three or four such men on every Jury to aid by their conscience, Intelligence and knowledge of business affairs In the deliberaton, we cannot certainly know, but I believe that with them there, unjust verdicts would bo rare and tho growing dissatisfaction with the Jury system would In a few years disappear. TONE MAY BE RAISED. "I would take the banker from his desk, the editor and professor from their chairs, the preacher from his pul pit and put them In the Jury box, there, under oath, to well and truly try or a true deliverance make according to tho evidence. I would make shirkng Jury duly ns odious as skulking In time ot war; Instead of leaving to them tho solo part of criticising and denouncing courts and Juries, I would inflexibly compel them, as the law Intended they should, to perform their part In the ad ministration of justice, wherever they wero sober, Intelligent and Judicious. I would make jury duty as Imperative and as certain as payment of taxes on a house and lot. The presence of such men would raise the average of con science and Intelligence ns Indicated by the verdict, and have It represent the Intelligence and conscience of th'e general public. Instead ot wholesale denunciation from the most trivial evidence, and, Instead of stating the real cause, their own fault In duty, I would give them the opportunity to learn for themselves how both courts and Juries, with the light they have, strive to arrive at the truth, under the law and the evidence. If they have not all the light they should have It Is because those who carry the light 'hide It under a bushel.' "But these observations have al ready extended beyond the time limit of such an address. I have not Bought to discourse profoundly on the prin ciples of Jurisprudence, as applicable to trial by Jury, but only to call atten tion to what to me seems full of peril to tho Institution Itself, nnd so, If pos sible, to suggest a practfeal cure for tho defect, nnd to save to our free govern ment that part of It which, In my opin ion, Is Its very life. To survive, the Jury must represent tho conscience and intelligence of the whole people, not of a part." JOHN HAY'S SPEECH ON SCOTT At tho Unveiling of tho Bust of Sir Walter in Westminster Abbey. Col. John Hay has begun well In that service of publlo speaking which, since Mr. Lowell's time, has become so great a part of the work of the representa tive of the United States at the court of St. James. His talk on Sir Walter Scott on the occasion of unveiling a memorial bust of the Wizard of the North in Westminster abbey was ex cellent and from the full text as given In the New York Tribune we quote In part as follows: In the most significant and interest ing ceremony I should have no excuse for appearing except as representing for the time being a large section of Walter Scott's immense constituency. I doubt If anywhere his writings have had a more loving welcome than In America. 'JChe books a boy reads are the most ardently admired and the longest remembered; and Americans revelled In Scott when the country was young. I have heard from my fath er, a pioneer of Kentucky, that In the early days of this century men' would saddle their horses and ride from all tho neighboring counties to the prin cipal post-towns of the region when a new novel by the author of "Waver ley" was expected. All over our straggling states and territories In the East, where a civ ilization of slender resources but boundless hopes was building; In the West, where the stern conflict was go ing on of tho pioneer subduing tho con tinent tho books most read wero those poems of maglo and of sentiment, those tales of bygone chivalry, and ro mance, which Walter S?ott was pour ing forth upon the. world with n rich facility, a sort of Joyous fecundity like that of mature In her most gonial moods. He had no clique of readers, no Illuminated sect of admirers, to be wilder criticism by excess of Its own subtlety. In a comriiunity engaged in tho strenuous struggle for empire, whoso dreams of tho 'past wero turned In tho clear,' broad light of a nation's morning to a future of unlimited grandeur and power, thero was none too sophisticated to appreciate, none too lowly to enjoy those marvelous, pictures of times gono forever by, though tho times themselves were un lamented by a peoplo and an nge whoso faces wero set toward a far-distant future. OUR FAVORITE AUTHOR, Through all these Important forma tive days of the Republic, Scott was tho favorite author of Americans, and, while his writings may not bo said to havo had any special weight in our national and political development, yet their Influence was enormous upon tho tasto and sentiment of a peoplo peculiarly sensitive to such Influences from tho very circumstances of their environment. The romances of courts and caatlea wero specially appreciated In tho woods and plains of tho frontier, where a pure democracy reigned. Tho poems and novels of Scott, saturated with the glamor of legend and tradi tion, wero greedily devoured by a people without perspective, conscious that they themselves wero ancestors of a rcdoubtablo lino whoso battle was with the passing hour, whose glories' arc all In tho days to come. Since tho time of Scott wo havo seen many fashions In fiction como nnd go; each generation naturally seeks n dif ferent expression of its experlenco and its Ideals, but tho author of "Wnver ley," amidst all vicissitudes of chang ing modes, has kept his pro-emlnenco In two hemispheres ns the master of imaginary narrative. Even those of us who make no pretensions to tho critical faculty may boo tho two-fold reason ot this enduring maBterhood, Both men tally nnd morally Scott was ono of tho greatest writers who ever lived. His mere memory, his power of acquiring and relating serviceable facts, was nl most Inconceivable to ordinary men, and his Instructive Imagination waB nothing short of prodigious. The lochs nnd hills of Scotland swarm with the Imaginary phantoms with which he has peopled them for all time; tho his torical personages of past centuries are Jostled In our memories by tho charac ters he has created, more vivid in vital ity and color than the real soUldlers and lovers with whom he has cast their lives. SCOTT'S MORALITY. Butltlsprobably the morality of Scott BROKER The Alan Who Is in Jail Because He that nppeals more strongly to the many than even his enormous mental powers. His ideals are lofty and pure; his her oes are brave and strong, not exempt from human Infirmities, but nlways de voted to ends more or less noble. His heroines, whom he frankly asks you to admire, arc beautiful and true. They walk In womanly dignity through his pages, whether garbed as peasants or princesses, with honest brows uplifted, with eyes gentle but fearless, pure In heart and delcate In speech, valor, purity and loyalty these are the es sential and undying elements of the charm which this great magician has soothed and lulled the weariness of the world through three generations. For this he has received the uncritical, un grudging love of grateful millions. This magic still has power to charm all wholesome and candid souls. Al though so many years havo passed slncehlsgrcatheartbrokein the valiant struggle against evil fortune, his poems and his tales are read with undimin ished interest and perennial pleasure. Ho loved with a single, straightfor ward affection man and nature, his country and his kind; he has his re ward In a fame forever fresh and un hackneyed. The poet who was nn In fant clapped his hands and cried "Bon nie" to the thunderstorm., and whose dying senses were delighted by the farewell whisper of the Tweed rippling o'er Its pebbles, is quoted in every as pect of sun and shadow that varies the face ot Scotland. The man who blew so clear a clarion of patriotism lives forever In tho speech of those who seek a lino to describe the love of country. The robust, athletic spirit of his tales of old, the "royal quarrels, the Instruc tive loves, the stanch devotion of the 'incomparable creations of his inex haustible fancy all these have their special message for the minds of our day, fatigued with problems, with doubts and futilo questionings. His work Is a clear, high voice from a slm pleY ago than ours, breathing a song of lofty and unclouded purpose, of sln cero and powerful passion, to which tho world, however weary and pre occupied, must needs still listen listen and attend. FOK SWEARING PURPOSES. The English Iiiiugungo Is Not Equnl to So mo Others. A pleasing testlmonal to the re sources of the English language was given nt Manchester. An inquiry was being held ns to a house reputed to be used for gambling. It was frequented by poor Jews, and they were stated In a general way to have spoken their own Yiddish except when they wished to swear. Then they used English. Our oaths appear to be simpler and stronger than those of nny other ton gue. Tho . Spaniards, though It must be admitted they are coarser, aro too elaborate. Tho samo may ba said ot Italian execrations. French aro a fail ure. They beat us In slang, but in simple objurgation they are nowhere. German Imprecatlous mean a good deal, but that Is Just where they fall. Tho essence of a good, round oath Is mystery. And that Ms why Ameri can swearing, though sonorous, misses Its mark. There Is too much thought In It. St. James Gazette, THE TOHACCO IIAMT. Hero Aro Some. Figures Showing How Harmful It Is. From tho Philadelphia Record. In 1891 tho official physician of Yale university reported that In a class of 147 students ho had found that In four years the 77 who did not uso tobacco surpassed tho 70 who did uso It to the. extent of 10.4 per cent In Increase In weight, 24 per cent In Jncreabo of height and 26.7 per cent In Increase of chest girth. It waa found that the abstainers from tobacco gained 21 per cent In welgh't, 37 per cent In height and 42 per cent In chest girth. But tho most striking revelation from tho statistics was that respecting lung capacity, the Amherst abstainers having gained 75 per cent over tho to bacco users, while at Yale tho average gain was 77.5 per cent. Preparations for The Big Jybilee. Miss Kaiser Writes of the Appearance ol the Queen, of the Precautions Taken for the Public Safety During the Great Cele bration, and of Other Things. Special Correspondence of Tho Tribune, London, May 17. It Is with contri tion that I apologize for not writing last week. But Is tho old excuse. I was busy. Indeed, I am very busy. The work of the season Is already arduous, and oh I am soon to leave London and come homo to let tho light of .my countenanco shine once more upon you, I must needs make the very most of my tlmo here, and get In all tho London and London teaching I can before my do- CHAPMAN. Refuses to Testify in the Sugar Scandal. parture. My time verily flies past me. I get In the principal concerts etc., take from live to eight vocal lessons a week, not to mention lessons in other subjects, go to a few receptions, at homes and theatres, and write a few letters "and there you are" as they say at home, tlmo all used up, Sadlo very tired indeed, and a few, yea, very few things accomplished, for tone building and such work Is of all work tho slowest, as you know, and art Is In deed long. With all this work there aro engagements, for I can boast a few good ones, and ono must be always keeping In good shape for these, too. I sing at another Queen's Hall con cert this week, and am engaged for some swagger receptions as well. So you see I am1 quite busy as usual. I sometimes think that I really wouldn't recognize myself unless in a condition of breathless haste. But I suppose I shall have to calm down sometime or other, and alasl I cannot always live in London, and shall have plenty of time for "maiden meditation" when my London life is over for a time. But all this Isn't news, so I will pro ceed. Her dear Majesty, the Queen, has honored London with her presence for the past few dnys, but Is gono to Windsor again now. I saw her the other day at Hyde Park corner as she drove past, In perhaps, as one society journal chronicled it, "the smallest bon net that has adorned the Head of Church and State for many a year." It was quite a stylish affair, in shape and make of the present fashion, In stead of the rather dowdy headgear that has hitherto served for her most festive toilettes, while appearing In the trimming, and quite a tall white aigrette sticking up Jauntily at the back. QUEEN VICTORIA. The Grand Old Lady seemed really to fancy herself In this dainty millinery, for, when a slight block in the street caused tho Royal carriage to pause, it was evdent that she was discussing arrangements for the Jubilee week In the gayest mood. Her voice It was beautifully clear was raised a little, as she said, emphatically, "No, we really cannot do that!" and Prin cess Beatrice, who was In attendance, answered, with equal energy: "No, no, dear, of course not." Little could these Illustrious speakeis guess the de light they gave by these few words. A lady near me on tho top of the bus nearly wept with pride and delight as she hysterically exclaimed In a high key, "Now I can boast of having heard the Queen speak In her Diamond Jub ilee year!" Really, tho devotion with which tho conservative class of people regard their Queen over here Is beautiful. They Just love her, apd reverence her and glory In her, as if Bho wero little short ot supernatural. If It came to It, I do not doubt that they would lay down their lives for her. with prdo and gladness In the sac rifice. Of course, there are, on the oth er hand, those who wouldn't, too. PRECAUTIONS. The lesson of the Paris Charity Baz aar has not been lost on the London authorities about to superintend a celebration In London of unparalleled magnitude, In which millions of peoplo will take part. The possibility of any untoward Incident creating a panic among, tho mnssed crowd which will assemble to witness the Royal pro cession Is really too dreadful to eon template.and everyone Is glad to see that already parliament Is taking meas ures to Insure the safety of the publlo on that day. For not only are an enor mous number of stands to bo erected along tho streets, nnd In every avail able position which commands a view of the show, but every house on tho lino of route will bo crammed with sightseers. Tho bufety of tho stands, their capacity to support their burdens, and the meuns of 'speedy egress aro all coming under consideration. As everyone knows, It will bo of great 1m iwtance that the crowds who fill every window along tho route shall have a ready menns of cscnpe in case of an outbreak of fire. And the risk of flro will be Intensified on tho evening ot June 22, when London will bo Illumin ated from end to end. Questions of pri vate gain or loss aro not by any means to be allowed to stand in the way of Ntrlngent regulations to insure the general safety. Although I am not an anglo-manlac, as yet, still I must saj thut I admire greatly the thorough ness and carefulness with which th English nation makes preparation fot this occasion of national rejoicing. Al. must every conceivable turn affairs may take, every possible contingency is to bo provided for or guarded against and It only remains for Her Majesty and her largo family to kindly and considerately keep alivo nnd well, to make tho whole affair a regular rat tllng, fizzling, success from start to finish. A DRAWING ROOM TEA. I had a great treat the other day. A friend of mine, the wlfo of an M. P. nnd a most lovely and lovable woman, at whose house I have often had tho honor of singing, sent mo cards to her "Drawing Room Tea" nnd Miss Rad ical and I went. She had Just como home from Hon Majesty's Drawing Room, whither she had gone to pay her respects, and was In all tho glory of her court gown, veil and feathers as were also some other ladles there, who had been to tho same function. These teas are given every Drawing Room day, by those who attend, so that their fi lends can come In and see their beautiful dresses before they 'take them off. It was a treat. Tho gowns. Jewels, delicate colors and wonderful bouquets were really Indescribably beautiful, and It has never been vouch safed to mo to be so near, and to have such a good, long satisfying look at really magnificent Paris gowns be fore. Tho materials wero simply ex quisite, tho shades perfect, and tho diamonds ;trd other Jewels with which these lovely confections wcic em broidered on skirt, bodice and train, were enough to moke one imajr Ine herself In fairyland, In com pany with Queen Mab and her attendants. Tho trains wero three yards long, and lined with the samo costly material as composed tho outside of the gowns, only being ot a different color so that my friend says she will have no less than three party and ball dresses out of her court gown this year, tho one being tho original dress itself, tho second to bo made out of the outside of the court train, and the third of its lining. One never wears court trains anywhere but at court, so she will never wear It again, and will use It up In this way. This was Mrs. P's third or fourth ap pearance at court, and the gowns each tlmo cost a small- fortune. What a peace of mind it must be to be rich! Ono 'doesn't need to worry over tiny, cheap, badly-made dresses then, for even these gowns are to my friend more" a matter of course than are or dinary everyday, workaday dresses to me. But then that Is her workaday world, while mine is quite different.' Sadie E. Kaiser. ABOUT THE MOSQUITO. A Few Truths About Our Summer Visitor from New Jersey. From the Boston Transcript. There are four truths respecting the mosquito which modern science has es tablished: First A mosquito cannot live in air free from malarial poison. Untainted air has the same effect on him as a. healthy community on a doctor. It de prives him of patients, and ho must go to less favored localities to prac tice his protession. Second The lymph, which flovra through an automatic valve when It Inserts Its proboscis, contains a modi fied germ of the malarial fever, and, according to tho well-settled law of Inoculation, the Introduction of tho weal: germ renders harmless a subse quent attnek by th'o strong germ. Third The mosquito never swallows human blood. It cannot. The fact that Its body becomes discolored and swells, while probing, Is caused by tha discoloration of the lymph In contact with the blood and tho muscular effort of Inserting the probe. Fourth A mosquito will never Insert Its lancet in a person not susceptible to an attack of malaria. In this respect Its senso Is moro accurate than tho most &kllled and experienced patholo gist. This also proves, not only Its un erring Instinct, but that It never wounda unnecessarily. Its thrusts nre thosa of a skilled and humane surgeon, and even more unselfish, for hope of a fee never quickens him, nor does the male diction of his patient deter him In tho fulfillment of his duty. Remember, then, that the presence; of a mosquito is an infallible sign that malaria is in tho air, and that you are exposed to It, and when you hear that well-known but solemn noto of warn ing, do not treat him as a foe but as a friend, , AN EXPLANATION. Ingenious Sambo Tells Why It Was A'inctv-SK Hot. It was hotter than Tophet, nnd Sam bo and his wife Chloe were sitting on, tho porch of their cabin fanning away for dear life. " 'Deed," panted Chloe, "I reckon dish yer's 'bout as hot as weather kin git." "I spec' so, heney," replied Sambo. "I heerd a geman bay dls mawln' dat hit wuz nlnety-slx In do shade." "Ninety-six wot?" inquired Chloe. "Ninety-six hot, ob cou'se," and Sambo's tones Indicated Just enough uncertainty to call forth further ques tioning. "But dat doan' mean nulun," Insisted Chloe. "Dat ninety-six has got somo moro to hit, Sambo." Sambo scratched his head a moment. "Do gemmnn didn't say no mo'," ha raid, trying to hedge. "But dor is mo'," sho argued woman like. Sambo gave the subject two min utes' thought, nnd his face shono with an Idea In addition to the perspiration. "Cou'se dar Is, honey," he said, with nn air of superiority. "Dat's what Ise s'pectliiY' "An Ise do ono to toll you, honey. You know In dose yor games wliat they plays, nnd things like dat, doy talka about glttln' so many outer a possible hundred doan' you?" "Ise heerd sutnpln' like dat," she ven tured cautiously. "Well den, honey, dish y'er la like dat. Dat nlnetj 'Six means dat do hottest weather dat am possible am a hundred, an' dish ycr we'se habbln' Is Jls fo' p'lnts less dan do most hottest what kin pos'bly bo, Dnr now, ain't dat Bplanlficatlon 'nuff fer anybody?" It seemed to be, for Chloe fanned her self and accepted It, The Sun. f
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