THE SCBANTON TRIBUNE WEDNESDAY 1MORNJNG, APRIL 1, 189G 11 THE WORLDQFWOiMNKINO Topics of laterest to All Member of the Getle Sti. HEALTH AND HOUSEHOLD HINTS y - Carefall Selected Reeipea. Sinnllow a to the Care of the' Home1 aed Other Mature Enterlag lato Women's Widealag Sphere. The Chicago Times-Herald recently, ollected the opinions of aome eminent persons on "The Ideal Wife." Here are aome of them: "The Ideal family." writes M. B. Castle, president of the Federal Suffrage association of the United States, "la a co-partnership. In which the 'ideal' wife la an equal part ner; she having charge of a department, the Ideal husband having charge of an other, both being supreme In their de partments, and each counseling and advising with the other on all material questions. She haa no desire to fill his place and knows she cannot if he Is properly fitted to It, and only alms to till her own so ' !sely and fully that the other partner has no desire to Inter fere." I! II II Says Judge McConnell: "A good and lntelllgenti woman who Is fortunate enough to love and marry a good and Intelligent man, who loves her. Is likely to be an Ideal wife for that man. Ideal wives are not in stock. They are de veloped after the honeymoon, and the husband is the most helpful factor In this development and must endeavor quite persistently to make something Ideal of himself." II II I! "We need," says Rev. P. W. Qunsau lus, "a revival of the old culture that In love affairs la willing to see that, there is something in a man's being comfortable. I would rather have a wife who could sew buttons on a gar ment, when buttons needed to be sewed on, In one language, than a wife who could only talk nonsense in seven lan guages. A wife has a right to demand the same things of her husband. The American wife. In particular, must at tach her children. If she be thus hon ored, to the home, by means of those virtues and enthusiasms which alone may inuke American thought and im pulse as noble as they ought to be." II II II R. M. Kasley, secretary of Chicago's Civic Federation, is of the belief that the Ideul wife "is the complement, of her husband, supplying ms deficiencies only to the point of rounding and fit ting out his character, toning down his excesses, but not obliterating Indi viduality. She will also see to it that the 'toning' process is not altogether one-sided." In Franklin H. Head's opinion "she should be sufficiently versed In current events to converse intelligently with her husband. I think domestic life should always come first with the Ideal wife, but not to the ex clusion .of books and outside affairs. She should dress well, and. to a reason able extent, take pleasure In her gowns. She should be strong and healthy; like bicycling and out-of-door sports. There ore many happy marriages where the woman is the mini's intellectual su perior, provided she dues not find it out." According to If. !. Sell'rldge, she "should have above all things u sweet and happy disposition, then her hus band Is upt to be a contented mun. An ideul wife should be comimnionitble, and this would necessitate her having many tastes In common with her hu bund. At the same time, the ideal wo man should have, plenty of rhuracter, and by character I do not meun what would be culled strong-mindedness, but the power of Independent thought, de veloped In feminine lines." Finally, in C. C. Uonney'H Judgment she- "Is one who can help her husbund In the pecu liar work to which he has chosen to devote his life. This Implies that he should choose his career before he se lects his wife. In selecting the latter lie should especially seek one who will be a safeguurd against his own defects and weaknesses. Mutual dependence and helpfulness Is the best assurance of domestic peace and prosperity." II II II TCAfnrA n.'A Hlmnlaii .Via l,1an1 ,lrirA 1 - " w .'' 11.1 lucai , 11', ii may be well to view her from the stand point ui Annur i. jones, or Arumore, J"a., a correspondent of the Philadel phia Times. "I believe," says he, "that a woman's first and only duty lies In being true to herself and Iter natural woman's instinct. If that he high, pure and noble, with love to mould her life, she cannot fall to become an Ideal wife and mother. Love Is a magic wrd. and can truly be said to work wondrous things. The true woman will cherish her home and love her husband above all else. Not 'wishy-washy,' 'namby-pamby' sort of love but a love that is unselfish, ennobling and cap able of rising above all obstacles such love that places a woman, in the eyes of her husband, a being sacred and su perior to all other women. When the wife finds the great golden jewel, her husband's unselfish love and consider ation other good before his own pleas ure, then and then only can she make him an Ideal home. No duty or obedi ence actuates her actions. Duty and obedience are akin to slavlshness and sheuld never be coupled with man and wile. When women keep well ordered homes merely for duty's sake you may deptad upon it there Is little real affec ' tiontanl less harmony. The word obey I consider a blot on the marriage cere mony when a man takes a wife he Is not stpposed to want a servant! How can anan be expected to love and re spect aservlle woman, whose every ac tion aid thought is governed by the amountktf annoyance she would be giv ing herthusband should she deign to upiiuure or ner own, or go counter V his fanclps? r nvor tho was nevl Intended that the husband should iinjiu ouna submission from the wlfe jiu mat. ner individuality herge into his and he be the iantf.p ti ha.. ...A.... i 1. . should ' lord and and actlonAl would have none of your 'new womln' fart uk ...i.i. V"i bkiomers, pktforms, suffrage and such rOl, DUt a VimanlV WAmnn ,I.U J... a, ,B,t.Pe,ith of character and In'. 2 lViUa,llty make her Presence felt T J, " " 'I V2,l .5ican Journal of Soclol tZ2? !!C-&onia1"8 an .Interesting i 17 r ?"v" dBne Aaaams on domestic labor rrom the standpoint of women who areWorklng In households JUL'.6!'.. M Addams finds that foirnerly the donestlo servant had the companionship o her equals; but now, even In household comparatively hum ble, there Is onA alien, one who is through the chan&d industrial condi tions, Is doomed tYot life of solitude during her working hours. Miss Ad dams finds that th Isolation -of the domestic employe iS mainly responsi ble for her discontented condition. She ayf ,tat she has known the voice of a girl to change so inuch during three weeks of "service" trtt she could not recognise It when theAglrl returned to the bureau. It alternated between the high falsetto- In whirl a shy. child speaks a piece," and the husky gulp with which the globul hystericus is swallowed. The alertfess and bon homie of the voice of e tenement house child had totallvfldlsarmenrpr. Below are some of Miss JMdams' most psruneni ODservatrons: It- dl Mf . -MM l ThA hAllaKahAlfl AIMhlAlf Vn n ma lar opportunity "-for melting other workers of hep trade and attaining with them the? dignity of 4 corporate body. The Industrial IsolaAVn of the household employe results, A isolation in a trade must always result, In a lack, of progress In the method and , products of that trade and It lack of aspiration and education In the work mun. Whether we recognise this Iso lation as a cause or not. t think we are all ready to acknowledge that household- labor haa been la some why 'be lated: that the improvements there have not kept up with the Improve ments in other occupations. If an-angry foreman reprimands a girl for breaking a machine 20 other girls hear him. and the culprit knows perfectly well their opinion aa to the Justice or Injustice of her situation. In either case she bears it better for knowing that, and for But thinking It over In solitude. If a household employe breaks a utensil or a piece of porcelain and is reprimanded by her employer, too often the invisible jury la the family of the latter, who naturally uphold her censorious position and Intensify the feeling of loneliness in the em ploye." II II II "The selfishness of a modern mistress, who. In her narrow social ethics. In sists that those who minister to the comforts of her family, shall minister to it alone, that they shall not only be celibate, but shall be cut oft more, or less from their natural social ties, ex cludes the best working people from her service. A man of dignity and abil ity is quite willing to come Into a house to tune a piano. Another man of me chanical skill will come tb put up win dow shades. Another of less skill, but perfect independence, will come to clean and lay a carpet. ; These men would all resent the situation and con sider It quite Impossible if it Implied the giving up of their family and social ties, and living under the root of the household requiring their services. Most of the cooking and serving and clean ing of a household could be done by wo men living outside and coming into a house as a skilled workmen does, hav ing no 'personal service' relation to the employer. There Is no reason why the woman who cleans windows in a house, should not live as full a domestic and social life as the man who cleans win dows in an office. If the 'servant' atti tude were once eliminated from house hold Industry, and the well-established one of employer and employe substi tuted, the first step would be taken to ward overcoming many difficulties. II II If '" "A fuller social and domestic life among household employes would be the first step toward securing their en trance Into the larger Industrial or ganizations by which. the needs of a community are most successfully ad ministered. Many a girl who com plains of loneliness, and who relin quishes her situation with that as her sole excuse, feebly tries to formulate her sense of restraint and social mal adjustment. She sometimes says that she 'feels so unnatural all the time.' And when she leaves her employer her reasons are often incoherent and total ly Incomprehensible to that good lady, who naturally concludes that she wish es to get away from the work and back to her dances and giddy life, content to stand many hours In an un sanitary factory. If she has these. The charge of the employer Is only a half truth. These dances may be the only organized form of social life which the disheartened employe Is able to men tion; hut she has felt the social trend of her times, and is trying to say what an old Kngllsh poet said five centuries ago: 'Forsooth, brothers, fellowship is heaven, and lack of fellowship is' hell; fellowship Is life,' and lack of fellowship is death; and , the deeds that ye do on eurth. It Is for fel lowship's sake that ye do them.' II II II HOKSKHOl.n HINTS: I'aint upon window glass may be easily removed by rubbing with a cloth wet In hot strong vinegar. Prick u nutmeg with a pin, and, If It Is fresh und good, oil will instuntly spread around the puncture. A little suit uetre added to the wuter In whliii rui Mowers are put will kesp the flowers frexh a lung time. To uncertain if ull egg Is fresh, put It in u full of water. If good it will sink liiiine.Jlutcly; it if flouts it is doubtful. Silver spoons thiit have become dlscol ord bv eKK may be cleuned readily by rubbing With a soft. cloth and a liltlu dry suit. To remove tur. from uny kind of cloth, saturate Hie spot and rub it well With tur pentine, uud every truca of the tur may be removed. Chopped parsley and olives, one table npoonf ul of each to a pint of chopped cel ery, mukes a delicious salad with French dressing. if brooms are dipped In a pall of hot sii'ls for a minute or two once a week it Will make them tough and pliable, and they lust much longer. To extract the juice rrom an onion,' cut the onion in half and press It against and move It slowly over a. grater. The juice will run utl the point of the grater. - After squeezing the Juice out of a lemon you run (icun your old bruss candlesticks or hunillrons by dipping the Inside of the skin in salt and nibbing with vlxor on the brass. Polish with a bit' of flannel. Fresh meat should not be allowed to re main rolled in paper, for the puper will ubsorlM the Juices. Remove the paper und lay the meut on an earthen plate. An essential article that should be found in every kitchen is a vegetable brush. Lettuce, sulnuch. celery and many other vegetables muy be cleaned much more reudlly with one than with the hands. A piece of horseradish root put Into a Jar of pickles will ket; the vinegar from losing Its strength, und the pickles will not be as liable to become soft or moulily. This is e.iuecially good for tomato pickles. To bronce a plaster of Paris figure, cover It with a thick coating or sneuac varnisn. When this is dry mix some bronze powder with the varnish and apply to the figure, then cover -with another coat of clear varnish. Never permit soiled clothes to hang In your dress closets. All, the perfumes In the World .can't disguise. the odor on a gown that hangs close to soiled clothes, or in the kitchen closet, where It gathers all the scents rrom the cooking. Silks or ribbons that are to Backed awuv should be rolled In brown paper, as the chrorlde of lime In white will discolor them. White satin should be folded In blue paper and a brown paper put outside and pinneu closely together at tne edges. Kvery housewife In . the land is now thinking1 of renovating things. A good mixture for varnished or polished furni ture Is made of one-third alcohol and two thirds sweet oil. Aplly with a flannel cloth and run DrisKty witn a piece 01 ary chamois skin. Pretty soon you must put away your furs. Just beat and beat them till you are sure that not a single egg remains In the fur: then put the garment in a pa per bag and paste up every tiny crack. If the paper bag is kept-Intact the furs will come out in good shape. - ' A hamclntt bookshelf may be rendered more ornamental if made with the lower shelf extending on either side so as to form a bracket for a vase or piece of bric-a-brac. . It is also easy to construct one with cupboard enclosing the two lower shelves, or wnn portions or two sneives irregularly railed oft to hold curios. A shelf over the door In a dining room Is an excellent place for large and highly colored pieces of china, which may thus be made very ornamental to tne room. Many of the new houses are finished with a narrow shelf around the dining room walls at the height of the door; It Is Intend ed for placques. -:. ; If you want something pretty for the children to look at, buy a cheap sponge. dampen It, and then sprinkle flax or grass seed on it, and hang by a long string in a sunny window. In a few days you will have a beautiful green grass ball. Keep the sponge very wet, and when the grass oegins to u le pun it all ore and try again. irons gather rust this damp weather. Rub them over with coal oil before voii set them away, then rub them off with a clean cloth after they are slightly heated for use. If the rust has already eatan in. pour salt on a flannel cloth, and after they are a nine warm ruu mem vigorously over the salt. Rub with a lilts! wax afterward. Palms, - rubber plants,', and all foliage plants used In the house, should have a weekly washday. Tslng a soft cloth or sponge, each leaf should receive a light washing with lukewarm water, and the soil should be loosened about the roots. Plants breathe through their leaves, and cannot, grow well unless they are kept free from dust. It is sometimes convenient to remember the foViwlfig. items of cooks' measure ment: One' pint of"! liquid equals one pound; two gins or uquia one cupfiih two- round, tablesuoonfuls of flour.. wiH weigh an once; 4ialf a ipound of butter Will make one cup;, Jour cups of flour makes one pound; two oupi of granulated sugar mane one' pounu, out in powoerea sugar It will take two and one-half cups to make one pound. An economical mother, who has to count the pennies, piuka up-all the kits of soup about the house and melts them tn a cup over a slow tire with a little borax and iust enough water to keep the stun from urnlnx. When melted she puts a 1aule spoouful or more of tine clean xunil to it. Then she pours the melted soap into small mould to cool, alter which sho gives it to her three restless boys to wash their hands with. Nothing better could oe tounu. Don't spoil your pretty dishes by' let ting them sizzle and aouk in the heat of the stove with meat and eggs and things line inat, ror It la entirely unnecessary. Have a set of plain dishes upon which to place the things that must be kept warm, and use -them for no other purpose. Always have hot things hot, and cold things very cold, when brought to the ta ble. To heat china, pile the plates and dishes in the dlshpan and pour bollimt water over them, then dry quickly and send to the table. You will And that by doing this you get the dishes as hot as tnougn mey nau oeen suuungror an nour in a Dutch oven. -::- 8ELECTED RECIPES: Tenderloin a la Trianon. Baste tender loin steaks with oil, flatten and broil rare. Pour over a Dint of iiearnalse sauce and garnish with truffles. Doughnuts. One quart of flour, one cup of sugar, one cup of sweet milk, one egg a pinch of salt, one teaspoon of salaratus and two of cream of tartar; fry in lard. Rice Waffles. Beat the yolks of two eggs until light; add one pint of fresh boiled rice, a tablespoonful of melted but ter, a pint of flour, a little salt and milk to make a smooth batter; lastly add tho whites whipped stitT. Vinegar Cundy. Three cupfuls granu lated sugar, half a cupful of vinegar, half a cupful of water. When It bolls so it strings from the spoon stir In carefully a tea.poonful of soda. Do not stir the can dy while boiling. Flavor with either va nilla or leuion. Lobster a la Creme. Put two table spoonfuls of butter In the charing dish. Add one cupful of milk, season well with pepper and salt. Add two pounds of lob ster, well chopped; lt It boil a few min utes and then udd two tabluspoonfuls of cracker crumbs. Popcorn Bulls One quart of molasses, two cupfuls granulated sugar;- let It hod fifteen minutes; then add butter the size of an egg. . When It crisps in water add one 'teaspoonful soda mads very fine, Tuke from the tire and stir In corn whlcn hus been popped out white as you can. Grease the lingers and make up into balls. Kgg Salad. Cut In very thin slices six hardboiled eggs; place In salad bowl with one-fourth of a cabbage shredded tine; mix well together, then pour over It the following dressing. Three tablespoonfuls melted butter, one tablespoonful pepper, salt to season, one tablespoonful made mustard, one-hulf teaspoonful sharp vine gar. Mix well through salad and serve at once. . Calf's Bruins au Beurre Nolr. Boll the calf's brains with a bay leaf, two sprigs of thyme and a llttlc salt In the lower pun of a chafing dish. When they are done take them out, cut the brains In thick slices and pour over them a sauce mado by cooking In the blazer until brown two tablespoonfuls of butter. When it reaches this point add four drops of vine gar and pour it at once over the liralns. Scalloped Halibut. Boil two pounds nnd a hulf of fish for one-half hour, shred it, then make a sauce of one pint of milk with one egg beaten tip, let It boll, then add two tublespoonfuls of corn staivh mixed with cold milk; when boiled add a tnblespocnful of butler; mix this through the Hsh. Put In small shells, spreailiug cracker crumbs on top, with little pieces of butter, and. then brown it In the oven. Sweet Potato Croquettes. Take three cupfuls Of mashed, buked sweet putatoes; be sure they are meally, and while beating with a four-pronged fork add slowly u ta blespoonful. of melted butter, a little minced parsley, a teaspoonful of lemon Hilce. salt and pepper und a gill of cream. Mould Into small, cork-shuped croquettes, dip In egg and breud crumbs, and fry in hot butter. Serve them in a dish gar nished with pursley. Savory Custard. Take a quart of good meat soup, nicely tluvored with vegeta bles; beut six eggs; mix with the soup and siuson with suit and popper; pour this custurd mixture Into a deep dish; butter very thickly three or four slices of very thin bread (the slices should not be thick er than a dollur) and only lay viiuugh to cover the tup of the custurd (do not put one slice on the oilier); bulte all firm In the center und the surfuce Is a pule brown. This Is u verynlce dish. Stuffed Apples. Take the cores from eight apples. Put the apples In u steamer to steam long enough to soften, chop a quarter of a pound of candled cherries. Put one-half cupful of sugar In a cup ful of water to boll, and add the cheni -s. When the apples are done, pluce them In a dish, tilling the place from which the cores were tuken with the cherries. Boll Hie syrup until thick; drop In a little vanil la, pour the syrup over the apples, an 1 put them uwuy to cool. Serve with whipped cream. Sweetbreads a la Soublse. Braised sweetbreads are the foundation of this dish. Blanch hulf a dozen, lard the up per parts and put them In a saucepan with a slice of pork orsomc trimmings of bacon EX-PREMIER FRANCESCO CRISPI, ITALY'S GRAND OLD MAN. (From tbe Chicago Tlmes-Hirald. By the Courtesy of H. H. Koulsiat ) Francesco Crlspl, whose resignation as premier of Italy has just been accepted by King Humbert, and whose ministry haa fallen with him, has -had a remarkable career. More than once lias he saved his country from ruin by his masterly statesmanship.. He is distinctively a statesman of crises, and smaller men natur ally hesitate to accept tho premiership when this political giant has failed. Slg nor Crlspi is now 77 years old. He began his life as a lawyer at tho bar of Naples. Early did ho ally his powers with the liberals and revolutionists and took a promi nent part in the conspiracies which ended In the overthrow of the kingdom of the Two Sicilies in 1818. Had It not been for Crlspi the campaign of Garibaldi In Sicily would tiave been a failure. For tho thirty years following Crirpl was a conspicu ous member of the liberal party' In parliament. He was one of the few men to whose councils Garibaldi would listen, tie became the most skillful debater in the chamber and the nws.t astute 'political manager. In 18S7 Crltpl was made prime minister and learned to rapidly becomo a conservative. It was believed that the radical element would dictate his policy, but never was mistake so erring. Ha maintained order with an utter indifference to the radical opinion. He strength ened the bond of the 'triple nlHnnre. He dominated the chamber with a will ro Imperious as to find no parallel except In that of the old Oet mun -chancellor. In 1891 his ministry was defeated and he reigned. After that 'ho announced his in. tv,.ni of retiring from politics. Rudlnl succeeded him end distinguished him self by almost precipitating a war between the United States and Italy on ac count of the work of a mob at. New Orleans that lynched a number of tho Matin. GlolHtl- succeeded - Rudlnl and he' resigned In 1893 In tho midst of a Sicilian revo lution and when the nation was on the verge of bankruptcy. This was In Novem ber and one month later Crlspi, the man of crises, was again called to take charge of the government. Resigning again in 1894, he r.rprared on the tr-ene a few days later vested with almost dictatorial power by tho king. Since that time the cham ber 'has had very little to do with the government. ' Bigtior Crtstit has ruled the country to suit 4ils own fancy and the rind; add sliced carrots, onion and soup herbs; salt slightly, cover with butter paper, and when of a golden color udd a pint of white broth and cook for forty minutes In the oven, lifting the paper and blustlng from time to time. Cooked in this way they are now ready to be served with any kind of sauce. A soubise gar nishing is mude by cooking white onions In broth or water, pressing through a sieve and mixing with a bechamel sauce. 'Maryland Corn Bread. The good old fashioned way of making corn bread seems to have gone out of style; -people, are In too great a hurry nowadays to wait the proper length of time for "sweeten ing," so called. In Maryland and Vir ginia, the home of corn bread, the batter is made over night, ao as to assist in the sweetening. Take a pint of white meal, sirt well and add two or three pinches of salt. Take two eggs, best them for a few minutes until well mixed. Then take a halt -pint of sweet milk, add a Utile warm water, pour the milk Into the meal and stir the mixture well until all the lumps are well dissolved, add the eggs and beat the batter for some time. Cover the bowl well and put In a cool place, for the night. In the morning stir the batter, pour in a little more milk so as to thin it, take a teaspoonful of melted butter, st li lt well In. Urease your pan with butter and bake in a quick oven. Serve hot. Philadelphia Record. . t i. HEALTH HINTS: ' ' When you travel carry flaxseed In your pockelbook. They will find a cinder or speck or dirt in your eye in a moment ul most, and save you a world of pain. Solera tils wetted and applied Immediate ly is the best thing In the world for a burn. It will prevent blistering and is a mugkal "painkiller." An excellent cure for hoarseness Is to roast a lemon until It is soft ull throuKh; do not allow It to burst. While still hot cut a piece from I he end and till the lemon with as much granulated sugar as it will hold. Then eat It while hot. Never est a hearty meal when very tired unless you want to Invite Indiges tion. ' Take a cup of not very strong but very hot tea, freshly made, and eat a cracker or two. ten minutes before stttlnK down to the table. It will rest and refresh you wonderfully. A simple disinfectant to use In a sick room is mude by putting some ground coi fe In a saucer and In the center a small piece of camphor gum. Light the gum with a match. Aa the gum burns alio the coffee, to burn with it. The perfume is refreshing and healthful as well as in expensive. -Make your own cough medicine after this recipe, and you will know Just exactly what the baby Is swallowing: Slice half a dozen, good-sized onions and stew till tender In a quart of vinegar, and when done strain the Juice and pulp through a cloi'.h rts for Jolly. To tho liquid add a coffee eUp of sugar and boll down one half. Bottle and keep In a cool place. A few drops will cure the baby of the snif fles, and a teaspoonful will loosen the cough of an older child. An adult may take two teaspoonsful. Hot water is always recommended for people with weak dlgeP'Jon, but there are people who cannot drink hot water at all. Try this, In that case: Have the cup hot, ami Into It put one teaspoonful of sliif.tr and a tablespoonful of milk just plain milk then pour over this the boiling water, it tultes away the insipid taste of the water, and does net Injure the dl-geKlo-.i either. The quantity of sugar might be lessened Just enough to muks It slightly sweet. Very delicate diges tions have found this to be beneficial. ROMANCE OF THE II ILL FAMILY. Tho Wlfo of tho Telephone Inventor Is Totally Deaf. There Is a curious rorqance Interwov en Into the life of the Bell family, best known for their connection with the telephone. Mrs. Bell Is totally deaf, and was, consequently, for many years a mute. . Her father was a very wealthy man, who sent her finally to a school fur such afflicted folk. There she be came acquainted with her future hus band, nt that time one of the Instruc tors under whose tuition she came. Ttv.-y fell In love -and were eventuully married, and the money which Mrs. Bell brought with her enabled the Inven tor to estubllsh'hliiiHiif In the world. They now have u chui ining home and a summer residence on the hikes, which Is almost perfect in IU situation anil Its appointments. It Is presided oyer by a lovely woman, who gives ittraug ers no hint of her Infirmity. Klin takes a ready part In ull conversation, hav ing been taught to speuk, ami having leurned to reud the sp?ch of others from the motion of their lips. A Talo of Woo. From Puck. Touillnson Blame the luck! I lost a valuable silk umbrella yesterday. Hanklns How so? Touillnson Maddox came along and rec ognized It! king's desire. THREE SCORE YEARS OLD Changes Called to Mind of a Newspa per's Anniversary. EARLY HISTOK OP THE LEDGER How It First Startled ItaCoateraporariea by Radical Methods and Taea Mado Namo fur Conselonttons and Painstaking Conservsiism. "Penn," in Philadelphia. Bulletin. The Publlo Ledger's sixtieth birth day this morning calls up the fact that It was the first of the chief dallies of the country to establish success on a penny basis probably the first outside of New York, where the Pun had been em barked a year or two before on- the same plan. For upwards of twenty seven years It was the great example of penny journalism In Philadelphia, and It Is well known that William M. Swain, who had run up the circula tion to fully 60.000 before George W. Childs came upon the scene, lost $100. 000 In resisting the onslaught of the war prices. In its very early days the experiment of a penny paper was so popular that it had, according to the late Joseph Sailer, a circulation of 15. 000, which. It mny hardly be doubted, was tho highest In the country at that time excepting only the New York Her ald. The cider Bennett was then very proud of a circulation of about 18.000 or 19,000 In n career only a year longer than that of the Ledger, and It Is not venturing too much fo say that sixty years ago all the other papers of all kinds In Philadelphia, dally and week ly, did not print over 50,000 copies. In that period and. Indeed, long af terwards, the Ledger was a good deal of a "sensational" paper. It had the same kind of Journalistic temper as the New York World has had in recent years. It delighted in the function of "stirring up the animals." Its reputa tion was largely made through the vigor of its editorial page, as well as through its cleverness In getting new. It had libel suits on Its hands; It de nounced judges, juries nnd counsel for miscarriages of justice: it harried the cabinet-makers who abused their ap prentices: it denounced the native Americans without mercy; It displayed magnificent courage In holding up the ruffians who burned Pennsylvania hall to spite the abolitionists and lashed the rioters of 1844 who terrorised the Irish and Catholics; its office was more than once sacked by mobs, nnd it opened the war which finally ended the orgies and Intimidations of the medical college stu dents who were In the habit of roaming nocturnally the streets like the sons of Belial flown with wine. Then It had part In many superb news triuinphs. such as the famous Pony Expresses which met the English steamers at Halifax and thundered down from Nova Scotia to Philadelphia and Balti more, nearly a thousand miles, in fifty hours; tho great "beat" of announcing first here the death of the elder Har rison In the White House; its Mexican war expresses and the hits In the prompt use which Swain mude of the magnetic telegraph after Morse had shown Its news value at the Clay and the Polk conventions in 1844. It even "spiced up" Its police reports to tickle the fancies of the crowd. ITS FIRST EDITOR. The editor of the Ledger In those days was n New Yorker named Rus sell Jnrvls, with a belligerent pen anil with a faculty of turning out 'Vopy" by the yard at short notice, and al.'io. seemingly with the other faculty, rare In such fecundity, of concise state ment and ltii-id judgments of men and things. Much of his work was done ill New York; he frequently alternated between the two cities on the Camden and Amboy railroad a round -trip then being u matter of nine or ten hours and his own personality seems rarely to have been obstrued on the public notice, and generally sunk In Swuin's. The Ledger, as It has been known In the larger part of its past thirty years, was the creation of George W. Childs nnd William V. McKean; of the latter, indeed, at least quite as much ns of the former. In proprietorship and In edit orship each represented phases of Jour nalism which have seen their day. Mr. McKean. who is still living at the age of seventy-live, probably understood , Philadelphia its temper and Its tem perament, its pride and its prejudices, and its "institutions" and Its tradi tions and Its weaknesses and Its con ceitsbetter than any other writer for the press, nnd eventually came himself to bo a part and parcel of them all. In his work there was conscience and com mon sense and clean hands. He Illus trated the best spirit of what may be called the editorial publicist busying himself with not alone the task of ob servation but of participation as well, and regarding himself in time as a special guardian of town affairs, and as a trustee for the Ledger's constituency in the tens of thousands of households which it entered with something of the respect for an oracle. RESPECT FOR TRUTH. Mr. McKean's sense of accuracy to a misstatement among the Ledger's staff was like that of Theodore Thomas's to a false note in his orchestra. lie abom inated the arts of the fakir; he had a scrupulous regard for fucts, on Intol erance of carelessness or conjectures or assumptions, and he edited the Led ger with ns much precision and care as If he had a historical work or an en cyclopedia on his hands, and with an apparent regard for the day when some one might want to go to the shelves of the Historical society or the Phila delphia library, and hunt up a file of the paper for reference. His favorite maxims were: "It Is bad to be late; but worse to be wrong," nnd "Have a sure voucher for every statement, es pecially for censure." He used to Im press on every man under him that there Is a wide difference between ac cusation and guilt, and the best thing he ever said of his calling and Its re sponsibilities was something pretty nearly this: "Before making up Judg ment, take care to understand both sides, always remembering that there are at least two sides, and that if you attempt to decide, you ore bound to know both." It was the rigid practice of the exactitude which came from such professional ethics that made the Ledger for a score of years absolutely unique In daily journalism, and gave It a surplus of $330,000 to $450,000 every yenr. Eighteen years ago, In profit, circula tion nnd power, it was the equal of all Its morning contemporaries combined, but from about that time on It gradual ly and, Indeed, nlmost unconsciously began to lose this position relatively. If not actually, in the new rivalries and expansions of the time. Mr. Childs was apparently the last man In the local press to see what was going on around him, or, at least, the last to act prompt ly In facing tho Inevitable. He hesitat ed to accept the conditions which one after one of the morning papers as they followed the Record In Its career as a penny paper for the million had brought about. He did not appreciate the change which had been going on In the tastes nnd idens of newspaper readers concerning news. Moreover, there hap pened some extraordinarily queer breaks In the policy of the paper on vital public questions toward tho close of his career, one or two of them hand led with great Indiscretion and weaken ing confidence In the paper's Impartial ity. Ho had, too, the exploded notion that a paper cannot bo sold at a cent without a sacrifice of character nnd dig nity, and yet In. the end he found him self forced to accept most of the condi tions of news gathering which penny jouranllsm had enforced to some de gree In every publication office, big or small. He at last saw Klngerly do what the younger Swain had tried In vain to do twenty. years before meet him on equal terms In his own province, and push him to the task of rejuvenation. There have been many departures from the McKean standard in the pat five years. Some necessary and for the better, and some ior the worse. The city department Is stronger than It has ever boon, faithful to the Ledger's best traditions, and yet In close touch with the activities of the town; the financial column holds Its own as well as it did under the sway of the venerable Sailer, who toward the close, of his career said that he had never missed a day in preparing it during at least twenty-nine years; the critical depart ment. In which the appearance of a distinguished actor used to be chroni cled not many years ago In such ex erotica 1 commentary aa this: "Mr. John McCullough appeared last night tn William Shakespeare's famous and popular tragedy in Ave acts, called 'Hamlet,' " have been reformed, and some of the choicest and best written criticisms of the current drama has late ly appeared there; the editorial page, too, has broadened its range, and has been marked by more freedom and ex urberance of expression and an occa sional enterprising disposition to try offenders on short notice or pronounce a verdict before all the evidence Is In hand. The Ledger Is. In short, today a sort of compromise between the Ledger of Swain and the Ledger of Childs It has the penny enterprise of the one under modern conditions and the two-cent decorum of the other un der conditions largely passing away from year to year. No two men could be more unlike In habits of mind, professional alma and range of Information than the Led ger's present chief editor, L Clarke Davis, and his predecessor, Mr. Mc Kean the one elegant in taste, impa tient of details, affluent of rhetoric, fond of the gentlo walks of literature, quick in his sensibilities, broad In hla sym pathies and impatient to smite guilt; the other In his best days, with a mind like an almanac In its precision, with the reasoning of a judge, with the de tails of the town at his Angers' end, and with his scales on the desk poised to weigh to the scruple every word that entered into an editorial before "O. K." was put on the final proof. Conscience, probity, and a fine sense of professional honor are the characteristics of both, and it Is In the popular realization that these things are still essentials In the Ledger's confession of faith that It Is enabled to obtain speedier remission for Its errors than some of its contem poraries. Sixty years back to March 25, 1836! It is a long, long stretch tn the history of journalism. Only the Inquirer which dates back to 1829, and the Methusaleh record of the North American and Unit ed States Gazette exceed it. Jackson was president and John Swift mayor of Philadelphia, and the whole dally press of Philadelphia probably didn't print more than 8,000 copies, mostly at six cents a piece. And yet It was the Ledg erhard as it may be now to realise It at a penny which broke among them like a young setter among a flock of fat old sheep and completely upset the local journalism of the day. HOW IIF. SCORED. This Man Didn't Make Much br Disliking a Clgoretto. From the Detroit Free Press. The cigarette smoker has scored once, at any rate. He was in an "L" road smoking car, and next to him was one of the men who object to cigarettes and have no objection to making their objections ap parent upon all occasions. The latter was smoking a pipe, nnd anyone who knows anything ubout a pipe knows that when properly primed with sure death tobacco it can outsmell any cig arette that was ever made. However, that has nothing to do with the story. The pipe-smoker sniffed rather con temptuously two or three times and edged away from the man with the cig arette. Then he turned half around so as to present his back to the man with the paper weed. "I beg your pardon," said the latter; "don't you like this cigarette?" "No, I don't" returned the man with the pipe. "There ought to be a law against smoking them In public places." "You object to the odor, I presume," persisted the man with the cigarette. "Most decidedly." "And that Is why you have turned your back, sniffed, growled and tried to make things as uncomfortable as pos sible?" "That's It. I can't stand It." The man with the cigarette puffed It meditatively for a few minutes. "Well, I'm glad of It." he said at last. "Glad of it! What do you mean by that?" "Now please don't get excited," said the man with the cigarette pleasantly. We all have our likes and dislikes, you know, and at present 1 regard cigarette smoking purely as a matter of self protection." "I don't see how It" "Oh, It's easily explained. It keeps you at a respectful distance, and even then I can tell that you have been ra gallng yourself with beer and onions." A DOl'BLE MISTAKE. How the .Mayor and His Private Seorotary Met by Chance. From the Detroit Free Press. On the Staten Island ferry boat the other day a young man kept following me about and acting so suspiciously that I tlnnllv said to him: "I think you have made a mistake In sizing me up. "What do you mean?" he asked. "Why, I haven't anything worth your time. This old watch wouldn't bring you $2 if you succuded in getting it, and I only paid SO cents for the chain on the Bowery. All the money I have about me Is 45 cents, and this pin Is only a rhinestone. Even if you got all I had it would hardly pay your fare back and forth. Why not go for that fat man over there, who certalnlv has a valuable ticker If nothing else?" "Sir!" he replied with great loftiness, "do you take me for a pickpocket?'' "Rather that way, though if I am mistaken I beg your pardon." "You have made a bis mistake, sir. I am the mayor's private secretary!" "Oh! I see. And what do you take me for?" "For the district attorney, of course." "Then you have also made a big mis take. I am the mayor himself! How do you do, Prlve Secretary!" "Quite well, thank your honor." "Then he shook hands nnd smiled and he lounged away. I know he didn't believe I was mayor of New York, and I seriously doubt that he was the may or's private secretary. I doubt It be cause the fat man referred to 'lost his watch In the crush as we landed, and he remembered that a young man pushed and elbowed him." ' MR. STEWART OBJECTED. The Great Silver Champion Opposed the Gulden Hnlo. It Is snid that dining- a recent ex ecutive session of the United States senate a minor appointment was up for confirmation, and, s some objection thereto having been urged, the senator who represented the appointee pleaded for fair piny an,d Reneroslty, says the New York Tribune. "In confirmation of minor appointments like this one," he said, "I think the senators should npply the golden "rule." Senator Stewart had not been paying very close attention to the debate, but at these works he pricked up his eats and lifted up his voice. "Mr. Presi dent." he exclaimed, "I don't know what this gold rule Is, but I object to It. The money power has run this country long enough. Ever since the crime of '73 was committed" but here some one Interjected an explanation, and amid laughter the Nevada states man subsided. Theodore Bromley Is to continue next season ns the manager for Julia Marlowe Tabor and Roberi TSaiior. MACHINERY RUN BY AIR Eatire ftllmai I'lait Kill Uc Of- crated by This Power. ALL DANGER TO LIFE REMOVED , ItaSareiiority Orer Steam aadEJcetrielfw Clalmed-Caa Also Be Applied to Saadpaperinf Cara-Reaalts la Other Places. Chicago, March 31. Compressed air as a power has displaced steam In three departments of the Pullman Palace Car company'a works, and the results have so far satisfied the officials that in all probability the new force will be in us shortly In all the great shops of tho corporation. The change Is radical and marks a revolution In the manufactur ing system or tne great ruiiman piui. The argument advanced at Pullman In favor of a change from steam to compressed air Is, In short, great sav ing in manual labor, economy, ability . to transmit power long distances with out loss of force, simplicity, safety and convenience. An official of the Pull man company was sent to Omaha and Topeka to go through the shops of tho Union Pacific and Santa Fe railroads and to make a report on the general ef ficiency and economy of compressed air as apnlled there In the department of carmaking. He has Just returned and his report strongly favors the adoption of the system throughout all the car shops at Pullman. The Introduction of compressed air means the doing away with tho great Iron wheela which revolve near the cell ing In all the shops. The belts which run from these wheels to the work benches and which not Infrequently pick up a workman and whirl hit life out will soon be things of the past. To take their places a pipe will run along each wall Just back of the benchea. In front of each workman a amall tub wlU connect with the main pipe and with whatever bit of machinery he has to do. When the workman wishes to shut oft his machine he simply has to close a stopcock. To start the machine he r- . verses the operation. Under the ateam system the belt has to be slipped to one . side, but it goes on running ceaseless ly and noisily. With the air system It Is claimed that the speed or tne ma chine In use may be graded, something that Is impossible when a belt Is used. Compressed air Is already In use at Pullman for lifting purposes, lor tho testing of air brakea and for the clean Ing of carpets and upholstery. The lift ing of enormous weights is accomplished by the air process at a great distance rrom the source or power, n was saia at the shops yesterday that If the same lifting were done by steam at the same distance from the source of supply a much greater Initial energy would be needed, because steam loses its power greatly by condensation during Its transmittal. The same to a greater de gree was said to be true of electricity. NEXT USE OF AIR SYSTEM. The probabilities are that the next department at Pullman to be Invaded by the compressed air force will be that In which the cars are sandpapered. This work is now done by hand. One machine will dp the work of sta men. A disk to which the sandpaper Is at tached Is fixed on the end of the air motor's shaft. The supply hose Is on the tight of the operator, while to the left Is a large duck hose extending al most to the floor. This carries off the dust. The floor is kept damp and the greater part of the dust adheres to It. The maximum air pressure on the pis ton Just balances the weight of the .ma chine, and it can be raised or lowered, with little effort on the part of the op erator. The work done by the machine is said to be far superior to that done by hand. In that it makes an absolutely uniform surface all over the side of the car. There are ten engines to supply steam for the running of the machinery In the different departments at Pullman. The engines are so placed that the work which each has to do Is In Its lmmedl- ate neighborhood. An officer of the company says that with compressed air as a motive power probably not more than one centrally located large engine would be necessary because the air lost so little of Its force when being trans- mllful ... a (1 tut a ni-o It t'aa aalrl that at Topeka, at a distance of half a mile from the source of supply, compressed air lost less than 20 per cent, of Its power. Steam at the same distance loses more than u0 per cent, of its force. "Fully 30 per cent, of our steam power here at Pullman," continued the official, "is taken up by the belting. This loss Is saved by the compressed air system. Add to the 30 per cent, lost to the belts the amount lost in transmission and you will see the Immense advantage In economy of force that compressed air has over steam. Compressed air has an advantage over electricity in that it is not dangerous and because It cannot start fires. In riveting, In breaking Btay bolts and In general boiler work the use of compressed air saves one half the manual labor necessary under other systems." . a , a a am a, wv-,tv w a " I cannot begin to tell you what your remedies have done for me. I suffered for years with falling and neuralgia of the womb, kidney trouble and leucorrhaoa in its worst form. There were times that I could not stand, was sick all over and in despair. I had not known a real well day for 15 years. I knew I must do something at once. , I had tried physicians without receiv ing any lasting benefit. I began the use of Lydia E. Pinkham tr . 1 , " a-, J vegeiaoie vompouno. Now, I have used 9 bot tles ; my weight haa increased 25 lbs. X tell every one to whom and what I owe my recovery, and there are 15 of my friends taking the Compound after seeing what it has done for me. Oh, if I had known of it sooner, and saved all these years of misery. I can recommend it to every woman." Katk Yodek, 408 V. 9th St., Cincin nati, O. Should advico be required, write to Mrs. Pinkham, at Lynn, Mass., who has the utter confidence of all in telligent American women. She will promptly tell what to do, free of charge. Lydia E. Pinkham's . Vege table Compound, which is easily ob tained at any druggist's, will restore any ailing woman to her normal con d It ion quickly and permanently. .. ,- BB IRk rklchnter's EtulUfc Otam Brus. I mWYROYAL PILLS ? Mfff mi mmm vmif mmumimm. , Art. Alar ralUbl. laqik aak UrufglH tor ChicktMera Atiitoft ii- mmd Brand in Krel sad UM ictillia ftwiM, k mi led wiib Mtta ribbon. Tmkm Allien Xtfiite dMiroiu tubttUu hun mnd imUatinnt. At Dtuffglm, r Mat1 4V hi iura for iMritouIirt, Uilitwalila m4 Mali. litsQIMITnttlniMlAli, Xamtfmmtn UhMtep(;hoaUaUaa..Hails.M Ixsas. KeU hy til Lootl Druui" 1'hUftflike VS in nilVIAmebraM aTstnaie UMta; vast faf - r
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers