%\t JSmu, WEDNESDAY, APRIL IS, 1865. THE SITUATION. Tie interest dependent upon the military situation of our own and the rebel forces is now well nigh over. Henceforward the anxiety of the reader will necessarily' slacken upon these topics. That J ohhston must, of necessity, follow Leu's example, we do not for a moment doubt, and when he has surrendered to ShJlbmaN, where is there another army in the Southern States which can offer us any vital or prolonged resistance ? The position of South Carolina and Georgia has already been solved by the march of Shebman, almost unopposed, through each of them. Thomas is now settling the,;same ques tion with Alabama which that general had previously determined with these two States. East of the Mississippi we may consider the rebellion as nearly definitively, ended, save in the individual opposition of guerilla warfare. And with guerillas we shall henceforward know how to deal. A short and sudden shrift with a few yards of rope and the nearest limb of a stalwart tree, would, if applied in a few instances, termi nate the whole of this predatory style of prolonging warfare. It is only upon the western bank of the great liver and in Texas, that any capabi lity of further opposition to the legitimate power of the nation may be supposed to ac tually exist. But we hear that it is believed at Washington that Kibby Smith is ready to lay down his arms whenever a tangible excuse in the shape of some forty thou sand of our veterans is presented him; while rumors have been current in Cin cinnati for some ten or twelve days past, tbat Texas has been discussing the feasibility of a return to the Union. If these two reports are founded upon truth, we may congratulate our readers upon the present situation. The fabric of tbe rebellion is already crumbling in. The blows which haye been dealt it by Sherman and Thomas, with the recent culmination of the plans oi Grant in the abandonment of Rich mond and the surrender of General Lee’s army, are the Signs upon the Wall that indicate its crushing ruin. As we look upon them, we feel our hearts expand with a great joy, to feel that we are no longer a nation tom in twain and struggling with the reckless strength of rebellious brethren, but one which, having passed through the labors, disease, and peril which menaced us with dissolution, can now stand upright in the face of the world and proclaim that this continent belongs to a race of Free men. The Downfall of the Confederacy. The Confederacy, by the surrender of Lee's army, necessarily falls, “Like Luci fer, never to rise again.” A well-estab lished Government, founded on a basis of justice and equity, can endure without danger of extinction almost any number of defeats; and it can behold with compara tive serenity the surrender of vast armies, or even the loss of its capital. The faith ful and unconquerable adhesion of its subjects, and the support it is certain to re ceive, sooner or later, from foreign Powers, buoy it up; and expedients can always be discovered to prolong a contest until the chances of war eventually prove fevorable. But no such expectations or hopes can re animate the deluded people of the South. Yainly have they sighed for active Eu ropean intervention or internal dissen sions in the North to aid them, for the last four years—and all such help is a thousand times more improbable now, when mogt needed, than at any former time. They behold a vast Federal army, hushed with, victory, sustained by a power ful and determined people, marching steadily on to achieve the few possible vic tories it has not yet achieved, and to ac complish the. few comparatively unim portant objects it has notyetaccomplished, before the “last armed foe expires” or ex changes his ragged Confederate uniform for the civic garb of a peaceful Ameri can citizen. And to aTrest its triumph ant progress they can rely only- upon a few straggling guerillas, their trans-Mis sissippi army, and the army of Johnston, composed of troops necessarily dispirited by late reverses, who are in imminent danger of speedy capture, or if they escape it, liable tq dissolution from the threatened dearth of supplies needed for food, clothing, and effective equipment. The members of the late Confederate Government are compelled by a due regard for their indi vidual safety to flee as rapidly, and to change their locality as frequently, as the rapid movements of our armies, or the flying- squadrons of our cavalry, may dic tate. It is questionable whether they will not hereafter devote all their energies to efforts to secure an exit from the country instead of seeking to prolong the war. If they Beriously endeavor to reorganize and continue their so-called Government, it can only be in the same mock spirit in which the Secession Governors of Missouri and Kentucky claimed the right to act as lawful executives of those States while they were travelling with Secession armies hundreds of miles away from the soil they pretended to control, * The Good News Abroad. . The City of Dublin steamer, 'which was to have left New York for Liverpool, at noon to-day, was despatched on Monday afternoon, in order that the intelligence of Lee’s surrender might be communicated to the Old World, with the least possible de lay. This should be accepted as a de licate attention—though it is very doubtful Whether numerous persons on the other side of the Atlantic will receive it as such. Coming after the announcement of the evacuation of Petersburg and Kichmondhad been digested (not without some strain on the system of the sympathizers), it will scarcely be very satisfactory to many personages and persons whom we could name.' , The abandonment of the rebel capital was the work of a rigid Military necessity. No doubt that will be admitted in England, but it is a fact entirely at variance with the predictions of Mr. Lawlby, (special corres pondent of The Times in Secessia,) who confidently assured his employers that Pe tersburg would be a difficult nut for Gene ral Grant to crack, and that, all things considered, Lee and his rebel army had about as firm hold of Richmond as Queen Victoria’s loyal subjects have of London or Liverpool. The surrender of Lee ought to have appeared as highly probable, after Ms flight from Petersburg and Richmond was known. It was then merely a work of -time —of weeks, days, or hours, as the case might be—r-yet we shali probably find no small astonishment thereat Btrongly ex pressed by politicians and public writers in England and Prance. To them, the wish being father to the thought, such a denouement would be wholly unexpect ed, particularly as care' had been taken to circulate a rumor, very generally credit ed abroad, that bulletins of Union suc cesses should be subjected to-a considerable discount. The last blow, therefore, which will, probably reach England about the 25th inst., two days before Mr. Gladstone would make his annual financial statement in Parliament, will fall upon the public mind therewith all the weight of unex pectedness. The dismay of the British journalists who have notoriously sympathized with rthe Rebellion will be great. Nearly every daily paper in London, with the ex ception of the Daily. Mem and* Morning Star, has railed against the Unionists and sided with the rebels ever since Mr. Lin coln fifst became President Considering what England had done to suppress the cruel curse of Slavery, and at what a large pecuniary sacrifice she had proved her earn estness in the holy cause of humanity, it might have been anticipated that her sym nathies would not haye been with the South, £hose jntua stay w* that “ peculiar iasth tution” of buying and selling human flesh and blood. Yet, contrary to all reasonable anticipation, England gave the American slave owners her warmest wishes and the yet more active support of pirate-building and blockade running, and, shameful to re cord, the public press, which should have taught her better, swelled the outory against the slave-freeing North and joined in the encouraging huzzas for the slave holding South. We may expect to have sulky doubts of the news conveyed by the City of Dublin steamer, followed by angry anticipations that, the civil war ended, the United States will combine their force and at tack the French in Mexico or the British in Canada, or, it may be, fall upon Mexico and Canada simultaneously. North and South, we suspect, will be glad enough to convert the sword into the sickle, whenever the Union is restored, and to cultivate the gentle arts of peace, so necessary to enable this country to recuperate from the effects of the most gigantic struggle the world ever knew. But, no doubt, the more we dis avow any purpose of attacking Mexico or Canada, the more The Times, with its at tendant satellites of the British press, will affect not to believe us. The Times, in all likelihood, would say that our disavowal was full of duplicity. If we reproach it for endeavoring to sow dissension between the United States and England, it will elabo rately calculate how long it might be before we should invade Canada. If we say no thing, it will affirm that we are biding our time. One might fancy that The Times wished for war. But the Union as well as the British Government, we firmly believe, will try to avoid every chance of complica tion in our mutual and several relations, and will eschew every possibility of rea lizing what the leading English journal too plaifily forebodes as looming above, the horizon of the future. • Foreign politicians will be variously af fected by Lee’s surrender. Lord Derby will lament what his lieutenant, Disraeli, may probably rejoice over. Gladstone may grieve over the remembrance that he was so short-sighted as to declare, in his Newcastle harangue, that “ Jefferson Davis had made the South into a great na tion,” and Lord Russell may wish that, in his famous speech at Perth, he had not spoken so slightingly of the resources and prospects of the North. Palmerston can exult in having exercised a crafty, non committal reticence on the whole. Roe buck and Gregory, Bentinck and Fkr gusson, with sundry more of the small fry of Parliament, who have probably received promises or payment from the South, will find their occupation gone. On the other hand, the phalanx of honest publicists, “Few, and faint, but fearless atm,” of whom John Bright and Richard Cob den are the consistent leaders, will have good cause to exult, on the triumph of Humanity, by means of onr arms.. The subtle and silent Emperor, who lite rally does not let his right hand know what his left hand doeth, will probably congra tulate himself on the prescience which', some months, ago, made him give the cold shoulder to Slidell, Mason, and Mann, and feel grateful for a narrow escape from hostilities with us. As for the pretended diplomatic representatives in Europe, from “the so-called Southern Confederation,” they were very contemptible at the best, no Government having received them, but now they will fall so far below contempt that nobody will even condescend to pity them. Yet another class will be grievously af fected and afflicted by the capture of Lee and his army; a elasß whose cupidity has cost them dear—a class with whom the de sire to make money is greater than the am bition to be humane or honest —a class truly unwise in their generation, or they would not have advanced money to the South, on a dim and distant prospeetof repayment. The foolish, craving'hbldefs of the Confederate Loan in Europe will lose every shilling of- their investment, and “served ’em right,” will be the prompt and popular verdict in their case. What Will Become of Jefferson Davis ? Among the unsolved problems which attract publie. attention at tMs moment, one - of the mdßt interesting is the pro bable fate of the leaders of the rebellion, or more particularly of its, late official head. A few weeks ago he wielded despotic authority over a vast district of country and millions of willing subjects. The march ef our triumphant armies has day after day narrowed the ,confines of his dominion, until his empire has. been reduced to the dimensions of a dungeon. Whether the gold ' robbed by his last acts of despotism from reluctant 'banks will purchase a pathway to some foreign shore remains to he seen; that he will apply a portion of it to such a purpose, if he can perceive any prospect of success, is very probable. 111-fated modern revolutionists, and de posed monarchs, ordinarily seek safety in flight. But he will find it more difficult to secure an exodus than Louis Philippe, who, by simply donning a workman’s blouse and assuming a plebeian name, easily eluded the of the infuri ated Parisians, and found refuge in the modem Fatmps. Davis is even more closely environed than the fugitive Btuart, when" he wandered for a time among the hidden recesses of his native mountains, until fayoring chances enabled him to creep cautiously to the seaboard and wing his flight to sympathizing princes. Watched by the eager eyes of our mighty hosts, his footsteps scanned by the scrutinizing gaze of inevitable “contrabands,” and'if he even gained an obscure port, compelled to run the gauntlet of our blockaders, the Secession chieftain may well wonder how and whither he can flee. ' If, by any possibility, he elude pursuit, his fate would not be an enviable one. Many a so-called rebel has represented a cause, sanctified by such noble purposes that welcome hands have stretched forth to greet him in every country but his own. But an enemy of the rights of man, of the peace of nations, and of the welfare of the whole race, will vainly turn for respect to peer or peasant. In any land he would be compelled to drag out a miserable exist ence, homeless and friendless, despised for his failures, execrated for his successes. If he flee, it will be as Cain, the blood of his brother crying him for ven geance, and, like him, his hand must be against every man’s, and every main’s hand against Mm. If, animated by the barbaric spirit of an cient heroism j he can make one last despe rate struggle and crown its failure if no friendlj? sword' condemn him, by falling, after the “high. Roman fashion, and mak ing death,proud to take” him; or self doomed, like Sardanapalm, chose a fu neral pyre and boast that 11 Time shall quench full many A people’s records, and a hero’s acts; Sweep empire after empire, * * * * * * Into nothing; tut even then Shall spare this deed of mine, and hold it up A problem few dare Imitate, and none Despise—but, It may be, amid the life Which led to such a consummation”— he can also forestall the blow of Ms ■threatened capture by surrendering to the people whom he has outraged, and, throw ing himself upon their magnanimity, await with dignity whatever verdict the proper authorities may pronounce. TMs would be the true course of a penitent criminal, and the one wMch the promptings of a chasten ed conscience should dictate. The radical foes of the Union and de fenders of. Slavery were known before the war as “Fire-eaters.” Their taste for vol canic food must have been fully satisfied by the diet of the last four years, unless, indeed, “ increase of appetite has grown by what it fed on.” lut Intelligence from Jeff Haris. Parties have arrived Horn Danville within our lines, who report that Jeff Davis arrived at Dan ville on Monday afternoon last, and that he was accompanied by two or three members of his Cabinet. ' Thb Kebbl Senator H. S. Footb.— Mr. H. S. Foote appears to be in good health and tolerable spirits, having inaugurated the practice of issuing dally bulletins concerning hiziself, from his "se questered” apartments In Eldridge street. The. President on Reconstruction. The speech delivered by President Lin coln, last night, is pregnafit with arguments of the greatest importance to our entire coun try. The subject upon which he treats is the one which must now take precedence of every other question in the public mind. The war being practically terminated by the occupation of the main strongholds of re bellion, and the capture or surrender of the armies which sustained the cause of seces sion, the Union sentiment which unde niably exists throughout the South has now an opportunity to form itself into a tangible shape, and the need at once arises of giving it a mode of expression and of recognition. • The President proceeds to the considera tion Of this question with the manly straightforwardness which has always characterized his public acts. He ac knowledges the difficulty which is pre sented at the very outset—the want of an authorized organization with which to treat., “No 6ne man,” he remarks, “ has authority to give up the re bellion for any other man. We simply must begin with, and mould from, disor ganized and discordant elements. Nor is it a small additional embarrassment that we, the loyal people, differ amongst -our selves as to the mode, manner, and measure of reconstruction.” This, however, does not deter Mm from explaining a mode of action, and that mode is one which must meet with the approba tion of every intelligent and true-hearted patriot. He points to the organization of the State of Louisiana as an example of what may and should be done for the restoration of the Union, and proposes that iA like man ner the loyal citizens of each hereto fore rebellious State should be assisted to form themselves into a governmental body .W.Mch, though supported by a comparative minority of the inhabitants, should be re cognized by'Congress and the Federal au thorities as a nucleus, round which the reconstructionists may gather with con stantly increasing power. Let there be no trouble in raising queries as to whether the rebellious States have ever been out of the Union or not. “Find ing themselves.safely at home,” says the President, “ it would be utterly immaterial whether they had ever beenabroad. Let us all, join in doing the acts necessary to restoring the proper practical relations be tween'these States and the Union, and each forever after innocently indulge "his own opinion whether in doing the acts he brought the States from without into the Union, or only gave them proper assistance, they never having been out of it.” This is sound doctrine, and speedy action ishould follow close upon its enunciation. Admit Louisiana at once, and let a similar policy which has aided her be applied to ievery other State throughout the South. The urges no inflexible rule of action but suggests that such modifications may ;be made as shall suit the peculiar require ments of each section. His plan is states manlike and practical, and must receive the hearty endorsement of all lovers of the Union. A Peripatetic ■« Government'.” According to a despatch to a New York journal which has been the constant ad mirer and supporter of the rebel cause, the leaders of the now almost defunct “Con federacy” have been for some weeks past engaged in removing the valuable “ ar • chives” of the concern to Charlotte, North Carolina, where they hope to re-establish a central office from which to regulate such affairs as their imaginations may make them believe are still witMn their power. QPhe progress of our armies for months past has caused some curious wanderings to be performed by various rebel institutions. Some of the Southern journals have led peculiarly erratic lives, and State Govern ments have journeyed from post to pillar, and now the great central power of treason is off on a tour. Ghastly and forlorn, it has stalked forth from its abiding place, and, branded with crime and cursed of all men, its career may be likened to that of the Wandering Jew in all things save its duration, for that must necessarily be short. The Stoppage, of the Draft. In a New* York daily paper we see that “ the Government is "so well persuaded that the armed opposition to it is at au end as to be on the point of issuing an order stop ping.the draft in New York city and- else where.” ’Let nok our citizens imagine that this is the case. Our Government will—nay, it must —need troops, for some years longer. The work of. reconstruc tion will have to be peaceably carried out; There may not be any opposition to its quiet progress, but there may. • Garrisons will for some time be necessary in every lead ing Southern city. After a crushed rebel lion, there is a positive necessity for strength in a National Government. We therefore call upon the citizens of Phila pMa not to suffer themselves to be blinded by such comfortaMe assurances. Our duty to our country demands that we shoUld not let one nerve falter nor one muscle weaken until the Government itself is enabled to say to us, “We need from you, no further help, whether of men or money.’* May tMs happy period arrive sooner than we anticipate. The Rebel Armies Still lit the Field. EXPECTATION OF JOHNSTON’S EARLY SURRENDER. : A report has gained general oredenoe In New York that Johnston’s army has also surrendered. However, the operations of Sherman upon-the rail, road between Danville and Greensboro having severed telegraphic communication before General Lee’s surrender, It Is scarcely probable that, should. It have occurred, any definite intelligence can yet have been received. , XIEBY SMITH ABOUT TO QUIT TEB BBBBLLION. , There is tne best authority for the statement that Kirby Smith and the rebel Army of the Trans-Mis sissippi are ready to follow the example of General Lee and the Army of Northern Virginia, by a sur render and general dispersal to-their homes. The State is also ready for reconstruction, and proposi tions to that end, have already been submitted to the Government, and Will be consummated upon the basis proposed, which Is a rostoratlonof thoanthorl ty of tho United States, and the abolition of slave ry. The army is well supplied, but the people are destitute of almost everything. WASHINGTON. Washington, April 11,' 1865. THE PRESIDENT’S PROCLAMATION. The proclamation In reference to closing South ern ports Is in accordance with a law passed as early as 1861. It was-then understood, however, that while foreign Powers would respeot the effective blockade of those ports by naval force, a claim to exercise legal authority over them as over other ports'of the United States would not be respected. It Is believed that the time has now come, however, when the United States Government can claim to exercise'that legal -authority overall Its ports, whether blockaded or not, which belongs to every In dependent sovereign Power. A sufficient number of Southern ports are left open for legitimate trade, and those now proclaimed closed will, It is pre sumed, be reopened after a time. Meanwhile, block ade-running is likely to be effectively ended. Tho Issuing of thlß proclamation is understood to be the business upon which Secretary Sbwakd was about to visit City Point to confer with the President last week. PIEBKEPOKT RECOGNIZED AS GOVERNOR OV VIRGINIA. The Star of thiß afternoon says: «In order to put a stop to the absurd canard afloat in regard to the proposition of tho President to recognize the rebel Legislature of Virginia, we are enabled to state that early yesterday morning the president tele graphed to Governor Pibrbbpont to oome at once to Washington, where a long conference was held between them, the object of which was to .perfect the plan for the restoration of Governor Fibres poht’b government to Richmond.” - THE CONDITION OF SECRETARY SEWARD, Secretary Seward’s condition is gradually im proving, though he occasionally suffers much from pafn. . . ARRIVAL OF THE NEW BRITISH MINISTER. The new British Minister has reached Washing ton, and taken possession of the legation, but has not yet presented hiß credentials. Steamboat Accident. Nashville, Tenn., April 11.—The ferry-boat Kentucky, plying between Naahville'and Edgefield, while crossing the Cumberland, this morning, be came unmanageable, and drilled against the piers of the railroad bridge. Several persons were slight' ly injured. The passengers were rescued by the steamer Bon Aocord. Tho Kentucky soon after wards sunk. j The river Is at a stand, with two feet of water on the shoals. ~ Personal. Chicago, April ll,—General Ullman and staff passed through here to-day on their way to New York. the PRESS —PHILADELPHIA; WEDNESDAY APRIL 12, 1866? Onr President Demands tie Ordinary Pjivileges and Immnnities for our Wavy in Foreign Ports. A REFUSAL TO BE DIET WITH RETALIATION. The Rebellion to all' Intents and Far* Wo longer any Reason, for Making Distinctions Against our Vessels of War. • THE POWER OF REBELLION DEAD ON LANO,AND SEA. Another important proclamation is issued to-day, claiming that ourvesaela-of-war In foreign ports shall no longer he subjected to restrictions as at present, but shall have the same rights and hospi talities which arc extended to foreign man-of-war In ports of the United States, declaring.that hereafter the cruisers of every nation will receive the treat ment which In their ports they accord to ours: By rss FsssnsntT on the United States, A PROCLAMATION, Whereas, for some time past vessels-of-war of the United States have been refused In Certain foreign ports privileges and Immunities to which they were entitled by treaty, public law, or the comity of na tions, at the same time that vessels-of-war of the country wherein the said privileges and immunities have been withheld have enjoyed them folly and uninterruptedly In ports of the United States, wbioh condition of things has not always been forolbly resisted by-the United States, although, on the other hand, they have not at anytime failed to protest against and declare their dis satisfaction with the same. In the view of the United Stateß no condition any longer exists which can be claimed to justify the denial to them by any one of said nations of customary naval rights, Buch as has heretofore been so unnecessarily prcslsted In— Now, therefore, I, Absahah Linooun, President Of the United Stateß, do hpreby make known that if artel a reasonable time shall have elapsed-for Intel ligence of this proclamation to have reached any foreign country in whose ports the said privileges and Immunities shall have been refused as afore said,' they shall continue to be so refused, then and thenceforth the same privileges and Immunities shall be refused to the vesselß-of- wgr of that country in the ports of the United States ; and this refusal shall continue until war-vessels of the United States shall have been placed upon an entire equality in the foreign ports aforesaid with similar vessels of other countries. The United States, whatever claim or pretence may have existed heretofore, are now, at least entitled to claim and concede an entire and friend* ly equality of rights and hospitalities with alt maritime nations. .. In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and oaused the seal of the United States to be affixed’ Done at tbe olty of Washington this 11th day of April, In' the year of our Lord 1885, and of the In dependence of the United. States the 89th. 11. s.J Abbaham Lntconw. By the President: . - W. H. Sbwabd, Secretary of State. REJOICINGS IN WASHINGTON. ANOTHER PUBLIC ILLUMINATION. RENEWAL OF PATRIOTIC ENTHUSIASM. A SPEECH BY THE PRESIDENT. SPEEDY TERMINATION OF THE WAR. A Call for National Thanksgiving. ■s - . - - \ - THU HONOR OF THE LATE SUCCESS BELONGS TO GENERAL GBAM AND HIS ARMY. “NO PART OF 5 IT? IS -MINE.” . The Executive Departments, including the Presi dent’s House, were again Illuminated tonight, and adorned with transparencies and national flags, and also many plaoes.of business and private resi dences. Bonfires' blazed in various parts of the city and rockets were fired. Thousands of persons of both sexes repaired to the Executive Mansion, and after several airs had been played by tbe band, the President, & response to the unanimous call, ap peared at an tipper window. The cheering with which he was gieeied having ceased, he spoke as follows: ' . . We.meet this evening, not In sorrow, but In glad ness of heart. The evacuation ofrPetersbarg and Richmond, and the Bartender of -the principal in. surgent army, give hope of a righteous and speedy peace, whose joyous expression cannot be restrained. In the midßt of this, however, He 'from whom all blessings flow must nfit be. forgotten. A call for a national thanksgiving Is being prepared, amd will bo duly promulgated, j - ~ . 'r; , Nor must those whose harder part gives as the cause of rejoicing he overlooked, and their honors most not he parcelled ;out.'. With others,! myself was near the front, and had the high pleasure of transmitting much of the good news to. you, hut no part of the honor, or praise, or execution is,mine.' To General Grant, his skilful officers, and brave men, all belongs. The gallant navy stood ready, , bat was not in reach to take an active -part. By these resent successes the reinauguration of the national authority,-and the reconstruction which has had a large share of thought from the first, 1b pressed much more closely upon our attention. It is fraught with great difficulty. Unlike the case of a war between independent nations, there Is no authorized organ for us to treat with. No one man has authority to give up the rebellion for any other man. We simply must begin with, and mould from, disorganized and discordant elements. Noris it a small additional embarrassment that we, tbe loyal people,' differ amongst Ourselves as to the mode, manner, and measure of reconstruction. As a general rule, I abstain from reading the re ports of attacks upon myself, wishing not to be pro voked by that to which 'I eanhot properly offer an answer •, for, spite of this precaution, however, it oomes to my knowledge that Tam much censured from some supposed agency In setting up, and seek ing to sustain, the new State Government of Loui siana. In tills x have done just so muoh and no more than the publlo knows. In the annual mes sage of- Decomber, 1863, and the aeoompahying proclamation, I presented a plan of reconstruction, as the phrase goes, whloh I promised, If adopted by any State, shonld be acceptable to, and sustained by, the executlvelgovernmont of the nation. - I dlßtinotly stated that this was not the only plan which might possibly be aeceptable]Suid I also dis tinctly protested that the Executive claimed no right to say when or whether members should be admitted to seats in Congress from suoh states. This plan was in advance submitted to the then Cabinet, and as distinctly approved by every mem ber or it. One or them suggested that I should then, and in that connection, apply the emancipa tion proclamation to the theretofore exeepted parts of Virginia and Louisiana; that I should drop the suggestion about apprenticeship forfree'dpeople, and that I should omit the protest against my own power in regard to the admission of members of Congress, but oven ho approved every part and parcel of the plan which has since been employed or touched by the aotion of Louisiana. The new Constitution of Louisiana, declaring emancipation for the whole State, particularly applies the pro clamation to the part previously excepted. It does not adopt apprenticeship ibr lreed people, and It is silent, as it could not well be otherwise, about the admission of members to Congress, so that as it ap. plies to Louisiana, every member of the Cabinet Telly approved the plan. The message went to Con gross, and I received many commendations of the plan, written and verbal, and not a single objec tion to it from any professed emancipationist came to my knowledge until after’ the news reached Washington that. the people of Loui siana had begun to move in accordance with It. From about July, 1882,1 had corresponded with different persons supposed to be Interested in seek ing a reconstruction of a State Government for Louisiana. When the message of 1863, with the plan before mentioned, reached New Orleans, and General Banks wrote mb that he was confident the people, with his military cooperation, would recon struot substantially on that plan, I wrote him and some of them to try it. They'trled it, and the result is known. Such only has been my agency In getting up the Louisiana Government. As to sustaining It, my promise Is out,'aß before stated; but, as bad promises are better spoken than kept, ! shall treat this as a bad promise, and break it whenever I shall be convinced that keeping it is adverse to the pub lic interest. But I have not yet been so convinced. I have been shown a letter on this subject, to be an able one, in which the writer expresses re gret that my mind has not seemed to be do nitely fixed on the question whether the se ceded States, so called, are In the Union or out of it. It would, 'perhaps, add astonishment to his regret were he to learn that since T have found professed Union men endeavoring to make that a question, I have purposely forborne any public expression upon it, as it appears to me that question has not been, nor yet is, a practically material one, and that any discussion of f t while it thus remalns-praotloilly material oould have no effect other than the mischievous one of dividing oiir friends. Asyet,whateverltmay beocme hereaf ter, thatqueatlon Is bad, as the basis of a controversy and good for nothing at all, a merely pernicious ab. stractlon. We all agree that the seceded States, re-dalled, are out of their proper practical relation with the Union, and that the sole object of the Go vernment, civil and military, in regard to those States, is to again get them Into that proper prac tical relation. I believe It is not only possible, bnt In fact easier to do this without deciding .or even considering whether these States have ever been out of the Union, than with it; finding them selves safely at home, It would ho utterly im material whether they had ever been abroad. Let us all join In doing the acts necessary, to restoring the proper practical relations between these States and the Union, and each forever alter innocently indulge his own opinion whether in do. ing the acts he brought the States from without Into the Union, or only gave them proper assistance, they never having been out of It'. The amount of constituency, so to speak, on which the new Louisiana government rests, would be more satisfactory to all if it contained 60,000, 30,000, or even 20,000, Instead of only about 12,000. as it does. It is also unsatisfactory to seme' that the elective franchise is not given to the colored men. I would myself prefer that It were conferred on the very In telligent, and on those who serve onr flaw# as PROCLAMATION. poses (Ended. Washihotoe, April li. ADDRESS BY PRESIDENT LINCOLN. THE PEHBIDEHT’B SPBBOH. soldiers. Still, the question Is not whether the Louisiana Government, as it stands, Is quite alj that is desirable. The question la, Will it be wiser to take it as it Is, and help to improve It, or to rejeot and disperse It. Can Louisiana be brought Into proper practical relation with the Union sooner by sustaining or by discarding her new State Govern ment! Some 12,000 voters In tjbe heretofore slave State of Louisiana have sworn allegiance to the Union, assumed te be the rightful political power of the State, held elections, organized a State government, adopted a free State constitution, giving the benefit of public schools equally; to black and White, and empowering the Legislature to confer the elective franchise upon theoploredman. Their Legislature has already voted to ratify the Constitutional amendment recently passed by congress, abolish ing slavery throughout the nation. These twelve thousand persons are thus fully com mitted to the , Union, and to perpetual fretdom in thel State—committed to , the- very beings , and nearly all the things the nation wants—and they ask the nation’s recognition and Its assistance to make good their com mltfojl. Now, If we rejeot and spurn them, we ao our utmost to disorganize and disperse them- We, in fact, say to the white man, “ You are worthless,'or worse; we win neither help you nor be helped by you.” To the blacks we say, “ This oup of liberty which there your old masters hold to your lips we will dash from you, and leavo you to the ehanoea of gathering the spilled and scattered con ten ts In some vague and undefined way when, where, and hew.’! If this course, by diseouragtng and paralyzing both white and blaek, has any tendency to bring Louisiana Into proper praotloal relations with the Union; I have so far been unable to per ceive It. H, on the contrary, we recognize and sustain the Bew Government of Louisiana, the oon verse of all this is made true. We encourage the hearts and nerve the arms of the 12,000 to adhere to their work, and argue for It, and proselyte for it, and fight for It, and feed it, and grow It, and ripen it, to a complete suesess. The colored man, too, In seeing all united for him, Is in spired with vigilance, and energy, and daring to the same end. Grant that he desires the elective fran_ ehlse, will he not attain It sooner by saying the aL ready advanced steps toward it than by running backward over them 1 Concede that the new Go vernment of Louisiana Is "only what it should be, as the egg la to the fowl, we shall sooner have the fowl by batching the egg, than by smash ing It. .{Laughter.] Again, If we reject Loul slanaywe also rejeot our vote In favor of the proposed amendment to the National Constitution. To meet this proposition, It hasbeen argued that no more than three-fourths of those'States which have cot attempted secession -are necessary to va lidly ratify the amendment. I do not commit myself against this, further than to say that such a ratification would be' question able, and sure to be persistently questioned, while a ratification bv three-fourths of all the Stateswould be unquestioned and unquestionable. I repeat the question, Can Louisiana he brought Into proper practical relation with the Union sooner by sustaining or by discarding her new State Government ? What has been said of Loui siana will apply severally to other .States; and yet so great peculiarities pertain to each State, and such important and sudden ohanges occur in the same State, and withal so new and un precedented is the v whole oase, that no exclusive and inflexible plan can safely be prescribed. As to details and collaterals, such an exclusive and In-, flexible plan would surely become a new entangle ment. Important principles may and must be la. flexible. In the present situation, as the phrase goes, It may he my duty to make some new an nouncement to the people of the South. lam con sidering, and shall not fall to act when satisfied that action will be proper. There were repeated calls for Senator Sumner, but that gentleman was not present to respond. Senator Harlan, of lowa, was then called for, aid, at the conclusion of the applause with whloh his appearance was greeted, he directed attention to two principles settled, or to he settled, by the closing contest. First. The American people had deelded that the majority of the voters of the Re public should control Its destinies and the incipient processes of the making of Its laws. Second. That no part of the Republic should ever be permitted by force tb divide it. - The punishment of tbe traitors lay in the hands of Congress, and the Constitution pointed out clear ly what constituted treason. Those who hatched the treason should suffer the penalty, and, under Congress, he was willing to trust the future In the hands of the citizens who elected him a second .time to see the laws faithfully executed. Senator Harlan’s remarks were applauded and the assemblage dispersed, after vociferous huzzas, and the performance by the band. A larger find,more enthusiastic meeting has seL donqif ever, before been held in front of the Ex ecutive Mansion. RICHMOND. Hatters and Things in the City—A Ke : view of Troops—A New Bridge Over the James—A National Bank. Washikgtoh, April H.— The Richmond Whig, of Monday, the loth Instant, was received here to-day. It Bays: “ Whatever may be the fate or the consti tutional amendment, it Is as certain as sunrise that slavery to Virginia Is dead.” A National bank of the United States is to be im mediately established In Richmond, where subscrip tions to United States bonds will be received at the rates established In the'Northern Cities. The aggregate value of the property destroyed foots up $2,1-16,240. Imposing as these figures ap pear, they are far short of the truth, for the reason already stated, that real estate was before the war Invariably, assessed much below the value which it would have commanded In the market. Our list -Covers no more than the value of the bricks and mortar destroyed. All the hospitals of Richmond have been taken possession of'by the military authorities, and are used for the Care-and comfort equally of the Federal and Confederate sick and wounded. A number or Confederate surgeons left In the city have been paroled, to attend to the Confederate sick and wounded. The Chimborazo, Winder, Jackson, and Howard Grove Hospitals, four of the principal Confederate hospitals, are used for the accommodation of Fe deral wounded. The accommodation Is about 24,000 beds, which were left entire by the Confede rates. Rebel prisoners to tbe number of 800 or 1,000 have /been received in the elty within the past forty-eight hours, and consigned to the Libby Prison. More than half of Pickett’s division has been brought in or oaptured, and the oonntry between Blcbmond and Amelia oounty Is said to be full of Confederate soldiers, nearly allof them Virginians, making their way to their homes. Castle Thunder is used aB a receptacle for oltl* zen prisoners, of whom quite a number are gathered there. Manchester was not at all disturbed by pillagers on Monday morning last, neither did the fire reach that trans-James district. A pontoon bridge spans the river uow,jini:l con nects Bichmond with Manchester, and' we hope business revived anew, Will pervade both sections alike. The chnrehes of all the religious denomina tions, whose pastors remained in the- city, were opened yesterday, and servicesware conducted, as usual, In the presence of large congregations, a good portion being composed of the oifioers and soldiers of the Union army of occupation. In the Episcopal churches the regular form of service was observed, with the exception oi the prayer, which was made for all in authority instead of for tie Pre sident of the Confederate States, &c. t as inserted in thelitnrgy. At the United States Is tbepower in authority here, the prayer for the President of the United States was, of ootirse, implied, if not said. The sermons preached exhibited generally a very high order of talent, eminently, practical and religious, andwe are glad to know that the Union soldiers, officers and privates, who were listeners, entertained a high opinion of the pulpit eloquenoe of tho cler gymen of Bichmond. Saturday, afternoon was rendered a remarkable day in Bichmond, by the first review , and parade of the United States forces occupying the city. These troops consisted of the 3d Division of the 24th Army Oorpß, Army-of the James, commanded by Major General Godfrey IVeitzei, in the absence of General Ord. The troops were under the immedi ate command 01 Brigadier General Charles Do vine... The review was appointed for 2P. M., on East Main street, the left of the column to rest on the outskirts of the olty, and the right westward to- Tards the heart of the city. By the hour of noon hundreds or citizens, male and female, had taken /avorable positions from whloh a view of the military spectacle could be ob tained, andthe windows and doors for more than a mile along the Main street were crowded with spec tators, who watched with interest’ the manoeuvres of the different regiments, batteries; and eqaadrona, as they appeared, wheeled into line and took up their position, until the line, as far as the eye could see, shone In the sun a glittering hedge of bayonets. Benners and bands intercepted thellnes at inter vals, and couriers went and came carrying orders and keeping both wings in communication. An hour boyond the time appointed passed, and yet Brigadier General Devins, who with staff was first to review the troops, had not made his ap pearance. Finally a flourish of' trumpets an nounced their approach, and the general, with a splendidly mounted and equipped staff, approached the line from the 10ft, the mounted band on the right striking up “Hail to the Chief who in tri umph advances.” During the performance of this air, General Devins and staff rode down the right, hut made a detour through Fifteenth and airy streets, and redo fapidly to the extreme left of the line,on the outskirts.' From this point the review was accomplished, the general and staff galloping from left re right, the line ooming to a present arms as he passed, and the bands striking up. Gen. Devins alone carried his hat in his hand; and this distinction caused him to be easily recognized by the citizens. At points on the line he was heartily cheered by the troops, ; LOng accustomed as Confederate, eyes have been to the once all-pervading grey, we do not believe ibat the sudden, substitution, of blue as the ureY&ll* ink color is distateful to mamv of our citizens, thousands of whom looked on tlb military spectacle of Saturday, not- as the display of prowess on the part of a triumphant foe, but as an exhibited dr the military genluß and resources of the United States, which all can again contemplate with pride. None of the colored troops appeared on review or parade on the occasion, but a separate display j of them will probably take place beford long.' One featnre of the display- was' evident to every ob- : server, and that was the superior drill, morale, and discipline manifested by-themen in their marcMng and soldierly bearing j the perfect condition of their arms and equipments, burnished to a dazzling brightness; the batteries drawn by well-trained 1 horses, fat and sleek, and substantially caparisoned > 1 —all in striking contrastfto what the olUzens havell been accustomed for tbe four yean during which* Blohmond was held by tho Confederate army. m The reporter passed over the greater part of then route oi the parade, and did not witness or hear olfl a single unpleasant incident-to mar the general!! harmonious character of the day. The eltizetuM viewed the pageant with silent Interest, from sldbH walks, doors and windows, and, if they did ndM openly rejoice at the reappearance of the old flaSt of the Union, there were no expressions that be construed into derision or contempt. ■ vWK The soldiers, on the other bend, abstained Irofll those boisterous shouts of exultation that migH have been expected, and marched orderly aSI quietly, as though desirous of abstaining from sB, unnecessary demonstrations that might tend to J offence to oitizens. Altogether, citizens and f diers have cause to congratulate themselves on theAl FORTRESS nrOHBOE, AKBIVAX, Of THB ABASO BN BOBTE TO BOBW BUMPTBB. M Fobtbbss Mokbok, Va„ Apyll 10— The steam* ship Arago arrived here at halfpaßt s o’closk yesteS day- afternoon, with Henry Ward Beecher arS P ut Ti from New York, hound to Fort SumpttM Owing to the southeasterly wind, the Arago ift somewhat later In reaohlngherethan was expect* [ Judge Holt, Provost Marshal GenajajLFry, rJmi others were here yesterday awaiting the arrlVeiKn the Arago, and when they embarked the got Immediately under way and proceeded mH ( j The weather at the time looked very J and Indidated'the approach of a storm. storm set In, having fallen all day, with a h prevailing. ' THE FLIGHT OF GEM & Complete History from His Eva Fallen Cities to His Surri IHE SIBATBOT ANII INCIDENTS OP h are already given a detailed k great campaign from Its Inception 01 to tie last battle that plereed Lee's different plaees and sent the four fra orderly flight along the Appomattox) ■the surrender of Lee, there Is nothlr plete our work but the story of the pt speed and shill with whloh It was eond) say nothing; Its result speaks loudly < Is a neoesßlty only for a narrative of TUB SLISBT AMD FLAK OP V ■and that in and the 'etersburg. ny that he / sense, bat j/given and jis, leaving a jl protection tone In the *£ed along >y miles oh 1 the oity tornlng. It fore daylight, iron of Rlch iims of Gustls jry of. General , «nd the great bribed was In liras discovered, Man’s oavalryln per points to the (Els troopers were jtrustedthe most tit pursuit along % evident Inten ded, and follow . the line of the ,nt’s plan to foil ,n’s cavalry, snp ,9th Corps, under lanvlllo Railroad, .Irdandhls Army orps), were to fol . from a retreat t<amn had a o.on {northward, lsola itand his supplies, lowed closely the ~ while the Rich* tssrille and Rich lents, evidently iu tgements, joined at grille Railroad, and lise had an advance [ehlng on our part flm. UtVILLH. lay, April 3d, She reek and Namozln , a straight line to Danville Railroad, loir mission, and by lEorpa lay near Jet lyir forty miles, and i cavalry. Meade, rps, was not far , this column' was {{Amelia, one of ’ etlons of Virginia. I the eyes of onr ;ently undulating re met here and ly to receive the abandoned. The fere constantly on /eavalry rear-guard placed therefor the /id driving up strag f/re ovldenoes of the t the rebel retreat. iolr caissons, large lUßltlon thrown away i pa—most of the former im them, and other de jpfal memory of Pope’s tes, muskets, sabres, / an active.retrograde ibersof stragglers were |oes in the woods on our overy grade and In every i marching columns. Tip j had been by the oavalry, /hey captured a portion of train, five cannons, ns were burned, and the Kuuitry, They were marked [,834,” and had never been {he break of day on Wod- And sthCorps, together with Imped aorosb the Danville E south of Jettersville, with / everything In readiness for r 3 * On Sunday afternoon, April 2d, It was an impossibility to hold his pi two cities.lie defended—Riahmond ai He bad been pressed so closely by oui could not evacuate, in the usual mini be could abandon them. The order T the rebels retreated In the greatest rear guard .to fire the oitles aud i from sudden Attack, This was ai night. The Petersburg column - the Appomattox river, and was Its way when our forces ent In the gray dawn of Monday passed Blehmond an hour or twoj when It was followed by the mond, composed of the Infantry i Bee and Kershaw, and the oai Gary. Blehmcnd had been firtf conflagration which has been/ mid-height. Grant, when the 01 lost no time In the pursuit. Si the fighting at Sutherland and; left of Petersburg was In the vr well in band, and to. him wer Important’ operations of the the Appomattox, It was tlon to strike the Danville It via Burkeevllle to that tor Ban river and the Boanoke. him was simple. While Shi ported by the. 2d, Oth, 6th, ’ Gen. Meade, pressed him on Gen. Grant in person, with < of the James (the 21th and low the Southslde and ont 1 to the sonth. This latter 1 stent tendency to push 1 ting Mm from his relnforcei The Petersburg detachment north hank of the Appoma mond garrison followed the' , mond stage road. Both del accordance with previous ai the Mattoax Station bn the. there crossed the Appqmatto of-hours, and quick, steady was necessary even to overt! TUB ADVAHOB O] Early on the morning of I ridan started along the D( creek road, which runs almt .Tettersvllle Station, on t) Bravely our men set out c Tuesday night (April 4) the torsville, after a hard mat In company with Shorten with the 2d, 6th, and 61 behind. Moat of the marc through the fine county’ the richest and moat beautli Highly picturesque views g. troops In all directions over ground. . Largo plantation: there freshly ploughed an( seed of the husbandman, br cavalry In front of our infs gaged In skirmishing wltl of the enemy, which Leo double purpose of protect glors. All alOßgthe rot haste and demorallz&tli Abandoned cannon, a quantities of all kinds ol stalled wagons and ami having the mark “IT. Blgnatlonß, bringlnghac campaign—and horßes,' and all the usual evidoj movement. Immense] driven from their hidin' flanks, and contraband style of dress joined] to this time all the llgj who were in the Iraq General Longstreetjf and 2,0f10 prisoners. r cannons sent back ti “Slr-W-.S.Armati used In battle. B< nesday, the sth, tht the cavalry, word Ballroad, a mile o) earthworks erects an advance or a -I THB SJSIUTIISIDB. carolled quite as rapidly as fri On the sight ot the 4th it Nation, on the Southside Bail or the 6th advaneed to Blaok miles from Petersburg. Here ,-iat no rebel troops except very lid passedin that direction, and raih, with 2,000,000 of rations, com Petersburg to Danville, arrival of Lee. No halt was id!the troops passed on to Nob- I, tight. miles from Burkesviile, .“FBEUS” THBBNRMY. to the enemy ’s cavalry made its Ingaged the. 2d division of our 'eneral Crook. He struck the ere guarding, and captured three .'wo thousand more prisoners,, to (artillery, including a battery of were oaptured. This was the Iross Reads. We immediately position to adyance, the 6th Corps (3th on the centre, and the 2d on ■my, every evidence testified, was i'* s our object was net so much bo Hapel him to surrender, Sheridan ' hired it proper to -inform General jstory and of the position of Lee, '■■marched if not out-generaled, for iy to retreat except by malting m the north, towards the James, (invest for Lynchborg. in SHERIDAN AHD SIR ADR. 'DrdfDgly deapatehed one of his staff it to inform him of what had hap lat might if “Lee was operations of the day had made It it Lee had scarcely more than 20,000 ad they being much demoralised, las seen, Grant with his army was cay Court House, bnt when he read i at once ordered a march to Burkes tin-miles further on, Our troops, id ; already made a foreed march of 0 the words or a oorrospondont: Were informed of the stirring news and the necessity for intercepting thward, the men clamored to march started off briskly, cheering and yell dt up for miles. Whenever General cognized as he rode past the marching (entire line broke out into the moßt Eioisterous expressions of delight. >»he division would resume the nother had exhausted itself, and the Id be perpetual along miles of the THB ADV. General Ord’s Sheridan’s and: arrived at Wilst road; on the me and 'White Stat It was asoertaii small detachnu that a subsists) had been orde! there to await therefore callr toway Court l arriving early BHV- Just as day appearance, r cavalry, uni wages train' miles of-wagt getter witt Armstrong battle of 1 placed onr] on tte rigid the left. : demor&lizi defeat as tterefore Grant of ] who had b< now he ha forced mai and thenci Sherli officen pened, pressed. pretty olf or 30,t00 Ab that then, at the deept vllle Jum though t' twenty “Whei from She! Lee’s file all night lag, and! Grant wj column,! noisy i Someth cheerlni shontlni road.” Deei great ; small startle) parted) night./ e'Bituatlon at Jetteravllle to be one of .t,be rode across the country with a for Sberidan’s headquarters. Ord is march'an hoar ortwo aftarvrarda, do 'iurkesvHle, reaching there daring the POSITION AT JBTTBBBVILLE. y night found the cavalry and Bloade’a Ulna of battle just described stretching luntry three or fonr miles and facing Oar flankß wore guarded by cavalry, of our gallant men waited patiently for i|g, for they knew that Thursday, April i be signalled by a victory more lm in any ever befoye gained by the Union ie’3 army was weak and scattered, .'low would either destroy It or oompei its tr, able as he was, to surrender It. Lee '0- of the awful portents of the morrow. § night he stealthily removed all Ms trains sctlonof Lynohburg, and Bo skilfully dls fjrolumne that, bad they been strong, they n-e esosped. But Grant .was determined ('mould hot escape, either by strength or as Ord was ordered at break of day to i the direction of By nchburg and out OS' all < any point southward. THE BATTLE OP DBATONSVTLLB. ■lay morning, the oth, the advanoo.towards 'vine commenced. The 6th Corps was sent 1 right to the left, and the army marched tiles further, five on the Danville, and six ‘Geatonavillo road. When it halted It was a stance south of that town. Dee during this d loit Amoila Court House, and endeavored lh around the flank or the sth Corps, which Iw tie left after the transfer of the Bth. He Iby way of the Paiusvllle and Jamestown lo strike the Appomattox, cross It, and' Sigh * Bridge! and a difficult country wlth lio bridge between himself and ehls pur- I . But the admirable disposition of our troops lelr rapid marching, prevented this. He was \t to a stand at DoatonsvlUe, and there the Army of Northern Virginia fought its lost bat- Our readers; are aware through official boutoos i results of,that battle. Its detallß In. the . light of its glory are unnecessary and even portant. .He was beaten by but a part .of our !In the easiest method Imaginable. * LEE’S PERIL. Its tattle proved to Lae that he could only es f With such a small part of his, army that ho p hot continue the war., Besides, an escape Id only delay his capture a little while. Ord marching towards Lynchburg, the only point to oh he could hope to fly. The James. river far to north, the 'Appomattox dlreo'Uy in his rear, of~ d%> Inducements, no refuge, no 'snbelstenoefor army. What could he do 1 The answer he knew ffl—surrender! And Grant knew It also; uulteas |n j so that when his demand for surrAder came to pe, on Friday,it scented as If histhoughts themselves id found tongues, and spoken fate’s decree. Satnr. iy and Sunday,-April sthand eth, were consumed , the passage of letters to and -fro, and on Sunday, Acred day, rebellion.died Is Virginia In the snrren* (p r ° r the able Lee, the first general ofthe rebellion, Sind his whole army. EJ: “ RHOBTVBHhEP, AM> DB0I8TVJI.” si The campaign trader Grant commenced on 'the ®th, with the departure of Sheridan ter an expedi tion against the_ Sonthßlde. . It ended on the 9th of April, after a series o! iosp-wlth a victory the most complete, the most glorious of all. In less than two weeks thejebel power, which had been so boasting, so defiant behind its triple walla, which tried to cut Cor line, and-even drive ns Into the Chesapeake, was shattered, crushed, and annihi lated. Eoux-'years It had defied.us as a rook against the pecan waves, but B crumbled at last, - “litavlng sosree a rack behind. ’* THE eiEOK OP MOBILE continuation of the bombardment OF THE "SPANISH FORT.” Arguelles Perpetually Banished from Cuba* Grant’s i&pldan in three Its In <H»- r. Slnoe to oom- Ofthe , we need rh. There fs. New Yoke, April 11—The steamer Liberty haß arrived from New Orleans via Havana. She left New Orleans on. tbe 2d and Havana on tfiestb. The advices from Mobile bay are to tbe 28th nit., no later than we have already bad. Tbe correspondence of tbe New Orleans papers states- that Spanish Fort Is besieged on three sides, and the gunboats were to operate on the other side. At the last accounts our leases had not exceeded from 30 to so'ilUed, and from 200 to 300 wounded. About 100 wounded had arrived at New Orleans. The United States steamer Santiago de Cuba, with Assistant Secretary Fox, of the navy, and a party bound for Cfiarlestoni arrived at Havana on the 4 th. The luka and Cherokee alsoarrived on the 4th, the former leaving again on the sth. The sentence of Argnelles, which has been pro nounced, Is understood to be perpetual banishment from the Island, nineteen years in the chain gang at Centa, Africa, and a One of $60,000. The following blockade-runners have sailed: On the Ist, the Lark, Denbigh, and .Owl; 3d, W. Fal con, and on the 4th, Col. Lamb. New Yose, April 11.—Advices from Pernam buco state that the steamer Parana had arrived, bringing news of Flores having taken possession of Montevideo. No date was given. Tbe French steamer dne at Bahia on February 28th went ashore twenty miles south of Bahia, and became a wreck. Her crew were saved, with the mails and specie. , BesnU of a Libel Salt. Bostoh, April-11,—The suit of Joseph Smith against Charles O. Bogus, publisher of the Boston Journal, tar slander; olalmlngdamagesinthe sum of $lO,OOO, wbioh has been on trial before the Supreme Court, resulted to-day in damages of one cent be ing rendered for the plaintiff. In Insult Vromplij Resented. Poetland, Me., - April ll.—An offiolal on the Brand Trunk Ballroad who tore a flag from the train yesterday was waited upon bjr an assemblage of citizens to-day, and conducted through the city in soldier’s uniform, carrying the flag which he had attempted to Insult, and being obliged to salute It. He was also obliged to make patriotic speeches, and ' finally the flag was nailed to his house. BAimOKE, RECEPTION OP ADSHRAI. BABRAGVT. Bai/timoeb, April 11.—Vice Admiral David G. Farragut, of the United States Navy, arrived here at s o’clock this morning, from Fortress Monroe, in the steamer Louisiana, Captain Porter, and waa received at the wharf by a large detachment of military, ordered out by General W. W. Morris, the Mayor and a committee of CounoHs, and many citizens. . , He was aeoompanled by his wife;and Mrs. Capt. Fennock, Miss Ourtis, Mlssßuttrick, and Mrs. Gob Lamb. As soon as the steamer wag moored to the wharf, Mayor Chapman proceeded to welcome the Admiral to the city, accompanied by the committee of the two brandies. The prooesslon was then formed, and the Admiral was escorted to the Eutaw House, receiving on his way thither an enthusiastic reception from our citizens. The pity Connells will give him a public dinner tbls altemooß. He will leave to-morrow ibr New York.- - BBV TORE cm. New Yobk, April 11. ARBIVAX OP WOUNDED SOLDIHBB, The steamer General Barnes, from Wilmington, N. C., has arrived here wltheoo sick and wounded soldiers. At the cattle market to day the prlees for beef were l@2e. higher. - The receipts amounted to 2,600 head, and the quotations were 16@25e. f - Sheep were firm. Receipts of 80,000 head males at B@lBo. Swine dull; receipts of 3,000 head, and sales at ll@l2xo. Veal firm at 10@16o. SALES AT THE STOCK BXCHAKaB. SECOND BOARD. , 600 TO HS6e ’Bl .c 0.108% MO Quick Min Co..- 63% HOT do ....108% 300 do ~ -68% 1000 _do— —lOB% 400MsriDOsa-M....... IBM 10C0C01J8 656.20 c. 108% 600 Brie B— -. 68 . 2SOOO do—.new 1(6.108% 400 ' d 0.....—... 69% EOOODB6.JO-4D 98J£ 200 Hudson Elver B-. MS lOOCO Missouri 8j.6». 68 600 do IMJ4 ltCOOO&H Cel.. 27% 2(0 do —105% 60000 do.. 27% 800Beadingit 108 ICOOT d 0—....-. 27% 1000 - do-—b 30.108 100 Comb Coal Pf-blO. 64 300 do..— 107% M 0 do.—.— 68 200 do—.-.—107% ICO do——.MO. 63 200 d 0......——107 100 -do —.. 6 m ICO Mich Can K 117 .. - d ?.••• ‘7.' MOMlehSftHW—.-63% 2OTITICeiiB.—.IOO% 600 d0...'. .—.— 63% 300 do.—lOT 600 d0*........■.... 63% SCO Mia Co 68 400 HI Cell B —lO3 100 d 0..—68% .100 d0.—.—........108% THH KVJtHIKa STOCK HOAHD, The following ware the latest <iuotations at Gal lagher's Exchange, to-night: Gold, 14S j New York Central, 101 Hi Erie, 69#; Hudson Elver, lean ; Heading, I<WM ! Mlohigan Central, 10St>|; Mtohl’ gan Southern, 68« jPittatrarg, 7&M ; Ohtcagtf and Hock Mand, 983 i j Northwestern, 31'a; Ohio and Mississippi Certificates, 27; Cumberland Coal, SIK: Quicksilver, 68K i Mariposa, la>£. The market was tot very active but steady. SHIP HEWS. Arrived, barks Seneca, Bio; Emelle, Antwerp, Peace Rejoicings. HEW BHOIiAHU* Boston, April 11.—Despatches from aU parts of New England express unbounded joy and bon ; [Tatnlatlon oyer the surrender of Dee. J Flags are 0,8 “ Louisville, April 10.—The city Is decorated with flags., to-day In honor of Dee's surrender.* A salute of two hundred guns was fired. „ NASHVILLB. Nashville, April 10.—The surrender of Dee’s army was received with great demonstrations or joy. The Senate and House.adjonri>dd! and busi ness was generally suspended, aad thew are dts- FaiWrg'KJ &&**«** and 11- of^on’th^K 3 ° lCre L DOW ““ fe6t Election at Trenton. Tbehtoh (N. J.), April 11.-F. S. Mills, Demo crat, was to-day re-elected Mayor of this city, by an Increased majority. The whole Democratic elty ticket was re-elected. Pnblic Entertainments. Wamiijt-stbbbt Theatkb Tho new play called “ Hearts are Trumps” ia very evidently a translation or adaptation from the Frenoh, which ever 1 lie writer may cheese to call It, and Is exceed ingly lively and dramatic although written In somewhat too fast a style and - notwlth sufficient care a its expressions to preclude its fastness from jarring on a Buseeptible ear. Howeverv*ia this world we cannot have everything, and it rite good taste of a writer cannot prevent the gen. from tripping over the boundaries of modesty, we' - must be thankful that taste dictates it a sparkling, if somewhat too French, drama to exercise its peculiar talent upon. The plot introduces to ns -a young nobleman, who' has run from collegeup to Paris, followed by his tutor. Those are the Marquis de La-' torieres and Pompon-ne. Oar first Introduction t o the Marquis comes from a tailor and hls wlfe, who are alterhim for debt. The Marquis reconciles himself with the tailor’s wife by his charming attentions, embracing her in the tenderest manner, while he informs her he Is In love.with some, one else. We afterwards find him drinking himself into the good graces of a judge or lawyer who has to.-decide a lawsuit in which he or his family are engaged with a cousin of his, and otherwise amusing himself in a remarkably lax manner in the goodly capital or Prance and at Versailles. In short, the Marquis de Istorieres is by no means a young man whom we should particularly recommend to our own children at an example for positive imitation. He Is a very good-looking, agreeable, dashing young scamp, with a.prodlglons lack of caution and very handsome satin small clothes. This young- gentlemen wag com mitted to the hands of Mademoiselle who acted him with a* dash and aplomb fully worthy of the character. She has decidedly Improved in her pronunciation of our language during the last year, and her vocalization is as good as ever, although her voice is scarcely as fresh as formerly. Her handsome looks and aress, of course, servo her with her audience, but make the scenery look somewhat dingy, and by no means tally In the latter point. with some of tho wardrobe displayed on the rest of the performers: Fomponne, the tutor, was cleverly' rendered by. Mr. Johnson, and ■Mrs. C. Henri gave a . very pleasant and shrewish little portrait o£te» : talleress. By the laughter and applause' which at tended the piece throughout, its success may be presumed. Yet, on Its second performance, It might have been presented to a fullerau'dlence. Mr. Smith’s Bead mas. —Last evening Mr. S. Morgan Smith, an InteUigent.and refined colored oitlzen of Philadelphia, gave a literary entertain ment at Concert Hall, consisting of dramatic, poeti cal, and prose readings. His selections exhibited excellent taste, and the greater part of them were very well read.- A beautiful little poem entitled “Snow” was perhaps his best effort,and “The Charge of the Light Brigade” was also well delivered. Mr. Smith's elocution partakes, however, rather too much of the style taught by those professors of the art who walk In the old beaten track, and the em phasis is plaoed too exclusively on certain words and passages to the detriment or others equally im portant. The selections Irom “Hamlet” were de cidedly faulty In this respect, as was also the poem “My Eyes are Closing, Mary." . Although tho use of proper emphasis is highly important in rendering elocution' effective, a speaker should not forget that his audience desires a sufficiently distinct enuncia tion of every word. Mr; Smith, however, has im proved considerably sincekis last public appearance, and gives* evidence of fine appreciation of the au thors from whose works he selects his programmes. OnABSIoAi. QunsTHTTE Cmjß —The twenty-se" cond matinee of the season will be given to-Jay, at the. Assembly Buildings, with the following pro gramme: Trio in C minor, op. ss— -...Mendelssohn, Andante and variations .Schubert. Quintette in C major, op. 29 —Beethoven. -A Gaakd Union Oohobbt will be. given this evening at Concert Hall by the Locust-street Hall violation. We have no doubt that it will bo well attended. - sExhibitionDbux on thbHvatt Cadets.—WO must remind our readers that tee exhlbltioallrin of the Hyatt Cadets, educated at the Pennsylvania Military Academy, .West Chester, oomes off, this evening, at the Academy of Music. The applica tions fortlokets of admission, whioh oan be obtained at T. B. Peterson & Brothers’ bookstore: 80S Chest nut street, have been very numerous, mid lira residue' of the rickets will probably be 'disposed of early to 1 day. A fine mnifary band win be in attendance this evening, and- the exhibition will be at onoe in spiriting, splendid, patriotic, and unique, Biixiaeds.— There will be a grand contest to morrow evening, at tee Academy of MuEle, between Messrs. E. H-.Nelms and Victor Estephs, for tee championship of Pennsylvania. * The game will he twelve hundred points, caroms, with the nute-shi* debarred, on aAew American-standard table. ip eW. Affairs In Brazil. CATTX.B JtABKBT. louisville. Pbtrsson’s N»v? Dorans—We do not mttn i Imply that T. B. Peterson ft Brothers write no«i thodah certainly they publish a good manv bare just brought out “The of society, by the able and lamented authoress« “Charles Aucheeter”—a story full of incident J; rich In charaoter—and will publish, next SatunS? a new work Of fiction by Mrs. Ann S. Stephens titled “Silent Struggles,’’ which, judging I*l what we have read of it, Is by Hr the beat book ah has written during the last seren years. Though, historical romance, it does not remind us of A, * worth and James, for with her “foot upon S native heath” she has produced artory, the nai Incidents of which are located In MassaehuswT one of the leading characters being sir w 2 Phipps, first Governor of that Province, toward! tk« close of the seventeenth century. At all events tb, tale Is'striklng and original. ’ xaii cmr. [FOR ADIIITrOKAI. PICT SSWB RRB POUBTB p**, j ILLUMINATION, PIBBWOBKH, AND ber* NAPES. Last evening the club-house of the Union was Main Illuminated, and a display of firewSt took place In front of the house. The fireworks Sr ' slated of about six pieces all of the same sort the display was, of course, monotonous. We know the pyrotechnic name or thlß piece *f <£* works, but It seems to consist or hair a dove a re candles going off together, ending with the plosion of a am all-sized pasteboard mortar t, pieces were very unsteady while going off, and ral of them foil and Hie fire-balls were scattersTlt all directions among the crowd, much to the a 2 ment of those out of danger, but to the dismav confusion of the less fortunate. No accident o curred, however. After the display the members , the -League, headed by a fine band of music „,nl : ceeded,t» tie resident of Mrs. Heaa”S’S naded her. The patientß from the Turner’s-lane Hospital with a band, serenaded The Prest last evenlnv' They bad with them an ambulance containing^ * small cannon, which they fired at intervals. * * SALUTES. Battery A, Ist New York Artillery, fired a sum of two hundred guns at noon yesterday at Bros! and Market streets, and will fire Mother of two hundred guns tc-day at nooc at Camp Cadwaiadw CITY ITEMS. The New Styles op Struts Boswbts a» 3 Bate, for Ladles and Misses, now open at Wood g Cary’s, No. 726 Chestnut' street, are the ne ptvs :s;, rl of good taste, and the ladles say so. The “ Peize-TVTut>a x." Skirts Invented by Hr. John F. Taggart, and for sale at the popular Gsj! tlemen’s Furnishing Establishment of Mr. Georgs Grant, No. 610 Chestnut, street, are the best-msi, and the best-fitting Shirts in the world. The rsrv choicest goods in this department are always r, r sale at Mr. Grant’s counters. The Best Fitttko Shirt op the abb ta "Thi improved Pattern Shirt,” made by John C. An** son, at the .old stead, Nos. 1 and 3 North suy, street. Work done by hand, In the best masuar and warranted to give satisfaction. Hia stock of Gentlemen’s Furnishing Goods cannot be surpass*!. Prices moderate. Where ib Jepp Davts J—The whereabout! or Jeff Davis is now the great problem. Some think its is off to Texas, but the knowing ones believe he hu gone to Charlotte, N. O.; others think 'that tls movement In: that dlreotionis a feint; a sort of a Charlotte ruse. We all know Where Grant Is, atf that “when this cruel war layover” he will settle quietly In Philadelphia, and procure his wearhj apparel at the Brown-Stone Clothing Hall of Book, hill & Wilson, Nob. 603 and 60S Ohestnnt street, above Sixth.. PERSONS DBgIRIHS TO PUROHASR A VALUABtJ Oil traot, at adow price, should call on A. O. Ho- Daniel, No. 66 South Third street. The tract of land he has for sale Is situated on a branoh of the Tlonesta, in the developed part or Warren county. Two streams of water run throngs this tract, which contains excellent boring lasi, with every indication of oil. - Plat, title, certificates, open- for examination, Terms moderate, and title perfect. apli ii- Opkniko.—Charles Oakford & Sons, Continental Bote), have opened their stock of elegant Hats ami Caps for ladles, misses, and children. aps-st Eye, Ear, and Catarrh, successfully treats! by J. Isaacs, M. D., Oculist and Anrlst, 611 Ploe jt. Artificial eyes inserted. No charge for examination. ARRIVALS AT THE HOTELS, Tlie Com W Fex, Foiisville JohnF.Mariin, New York L» Saxton, Titusville J JBc«kwei!. New York BBJBonnt, New York A L Stamps; Nashville G B Abbott. Nashville C Cole, California E &L Faxton, Chicago E B Taggart,' Baltimore Edgar Farmer, New Jersey Jos Fry, Baltimore Miss Keller, Baltimore E W Sisnton, New Jersey 1 H Snmmersgpi, Brooklyn John B Oroai, Detroit J W Con way, New York 1 B BGlenny, Buffalo ] J C Marcy* wLKeadeville Ga Bell, New York Chaa Taussig, St Louis J A Gilchrist, Wheeling Lieut WCCook. USA D W Hamlton,, USA fi W Fuller, Boston 8 AAIJen, New Jersey N O Gooch. Massachusetts Miss Norton. Sharon Jilee Wick, Youngstown W It Sowley. Bonesdale P Benfz. jyork, Pa. , mWilton, Wright svllle WM Ely. Baltimore A Sterling, Baltimore Montrose. Pa EH Hantin gton, cin otnnati j BHowe&wf, New York Win Workman. Montreal A MDeLiele,Montreal Mrs HEaldwin.New York JCfryeU,'New Jersey PJGage, New York Paymaster Saw? er, USN Dr Hudson, UBN Mrs AG Cnrienlos, Illinois Caittofas, Peoria, 111 g Witte !«»■ BBlewS"^™"^® 0 D B Brooks. Ealem, Bfo XSPjtteisoa, PottrvlUe WAHaakeU-Bofetoit B Llort * ]b, Phcentwuie J T Peeley, BewYork S ADodgS’ New York Mi Foot. Vermont JS Hastt, Oioy. How York JBeiMl. How York ■ WBlakley, Hew York ' g W Ywsbary * 2ek, Bo* Mib W Beals, Boston Mies K Beds, Bottok B M Alexander. Hew York BB G.ltwold, Hew York H M Monay, Alex, Va Tbe Oljrard. I) W Belden* Salem, » J fJGßsnly jßßwm Sew York ißflder;Boston , Wythlnrton [Mrs M Stewart & fa, Scoll’-i y.H.CorneU, WasMnrton ;g Benedict, Bedford ' J Jordan HewTpifc ’ •J H Schelt, hchellrbir« s-BiS V O!, I I SSP* •OB Shannon, Bedford If IfFR Barrett, Clearfield Sit Smith, Hew Tort x*r iT '¥ s : Capt o owgh. Maine r ■ njfllmaker. Jr, Lancaster W 0 BtndeipraS lidl» 111 0 BFalge,Boston SUE Jftcotfl, ffiana & H Sawyer Bmtan , s’« C ?l n ? n!b, {, Jo*Banph*ar, Cinn, O f f ?w«sX? n^it',.’ C «’ ullWa pEstont, Ponna J €“**,*■ 2 ar f o }} a J E WDeinlngor, Penn >*arietta , Cbas 8 Welser, Tori, s I j£H 6 's t? , J2d Cooney Delaware nPfSffv £ I , ady - Eastoa John W alien DeU<t<n» WB Bom, Hew Tort , SrSSP'k.wKS 9 ; geo Valentino, &Srai»SWs» HRomrnerMili.WmsfcM E§P* * Eowarde, USA » Bamssy, DanTllle S,&Wofi?’Twf B £S aB Jo* P WlKon. West Chet* ?^sflf I TV2S^ wa iSj CB Snow A wr, Wash.no 2 W S Kti'of?^vn?^ eTme J<»>*h FHetrtekSwf.&*a BBotmSS^wJ 10 JKTonni, Jr. Wash.BC CH Beyerttocky Ohio P* H K-Patrons, Harrisburg VrXTbSmiJS OrriEmnllri^liu.rf 1 ?*- 1 ? 8 t p *»**on, HarrleßJS s lmSmt? Oaoeey & wift L Bostn HHnley. ShiOMnebnrg <w Lilly, MaSchJhnnk J MT Blickw.Mirchtibaalt 11lU D- ! S rs Sharjey, nCh»ak 1 «t Wat?on.yMUton,Pa Min Alexander, H Gktu^ GL Drelpelem Cblcato i=WIS ] Br J Stephen A la, Berks co C g BoySadu & wife, H ¥ Thants’, . ! iB Richardson. Kiss J Campbell. Centre?} A B Ma-rrlauti f Band Ripley, Newark W Bertel. Mazare& A Adler, Lancaster L J J M&terc, Dresden 0 f Wild, Johsgtown . A AnfiersonTYreej* l9 .. L B Ander*>n. Frefeort rt E A McGpan. NO* FnitajO SL Hockey. ? iSetj ports, Easton I Goo ffarr sb*r« /y rHngV HarmburK JDJ‘ewart. Jnt*aT>»ing febis j /JT £ Banks* la/Penna R M Ropier, Fenna ■ Lewte krerlTa NashYill*,o fitnart Speer, Ohio Me DoweU 6nV^le ‘ B 8 Borman- Rock ford, IU J L Gilbert. Bow York L Barnes, New-York Y Sheening. Elk co 2>aniel Ailer, WaTsesbor^ C A Beading JohnEßolp Bead Inc Miss Miss AM Cole, Jersey Mlm Hordock, Milton A T Goodman, Geo Heixeil, Dewar*, rs I J KcOandlea* * wl, PI;-;' 1 * H P Hear, Tnscarora, r» \ \. • Tile Sei H F Otteuheimferi Peoria D Bonnar. Richmond T York JC FcU er, 6 A VhospMK' Baltimore JBB Healy, Bobglasviile SPSbeCafcy.Pittelrarf P SipitbyYiiro'be, Pa Penna ? Johns* liott-Tiptan ' J G Boyle, Pittsburg GeoJ&Be&o, BSefiabiirgj Aaron Straus, W Alex,#] Geo J Bodaers,. tbmtmgl John JLeElIe, Poland, C Samuel Bond ? W Hellevain, SaltebnW 30a Kitchen, Allethenf' Jeeae Biffeubach. Sprrie C £ Roberta, Kbenaimr?; ' Jacob Swartz, Johhatipn. MW E.im. wn S ool l? r ’ H™. J«*T W. <3 Handlan, .Wheels' John Johnson, MaryJ&d Join jG rattan, Sewjrsaj . J> KcHenna- Slalingin »H Beak, Chili.. Ci Join Miller, Caillile S l S. , £ <!aTer ** , ® 3ltOTl »rfU# SKMSSa Tl&Am yjcott, Tlrgißia Cp i BMjsis, Georgetcm.DC ' J I»JSeilsn> der, 1 E A Pack* BawToikyv , Jow-MartLa, Delaware J C Caraon, JTew Tom S § Boblaion, jj| W HaT«a FDabois, Bew Haven 5“J* A -Baik*!:, Blrtokoro J P Qaticer. Hilton A. Bomb. Altoona B# Cor rad, PMlada ‘ IB Gayer, wheeling jB GBiicoek, Bear York DM Pitcher, Jlew York yHwbetuitafon- B natto, Boonsboro Mlleßßojeej, Brio. Pa JL Anderson, Clendand ‘ AaaereoD. Cleraland m ?2i2}™> Boston B HTiiiMtli Delaware lerlean. O P Warner, Hizabetht’« Mitt Woods. Yirgini* D O Smith, PottsTUls J S Bile&oir WSlade. Washington lifted White. Conn J PuTintoa.K6adB.il s C Oitinger & yrU Balt L Peter uair» Ohio }B ObUnier, Ohio r ffeo Ketterer, Ohio |H Oherriajtoa. P«na a dO Caraoc, SejrHivett TO BoWmob, »«» Gto W Bataer, Vtrp- 11 " JO Garwood, Haanwer, Mow Jersey stes?*. IjK Wait, Ne'r Yorß JY Maiaiie.Ht”'«>re JTr oroai. Wtlketjarr® BJamoa, MewTliie u jy H Bteel«. Port I McGuire. liw York Ha*rtsfcar* I^Bssiasasr-:- V&HWr, B*Bdi** I® Ohio Johnciatk, Clarion, Pa S A Loace. BaU>xß, o §?““«! Back, ItenxlUfr' OJ» AHmaix, Bolivar. O , JTScott& slater. OMo wa^Dfltt.oao BB_Bowi»aß, Berwick. Pa WTwialngrßiielnn&avillo SH McKlnfoy, Rttetranr BH8toW,8oal»l)ar? lUnenfaL IgSKWfeS* J BSandenr<- Beading Hjfte Henry King, AlLeatws •Wm llunr* Pittsburg Brß W Blt&4 Fottsnlls Thos Baumgardner, Fa , GH ° UI J a Milne, MB, Veraoat iTOGfc???* 11 * J B Finlay. Kit tanning F Macdonald. Portland JT McConnell, Penua J H Butler, Nottingham S M Shoemaker. Baltlmors G MSieinman, Penaa Capt H 8 Thompson. Pottf? ZP Boyer, Potts ville B C Baris, Boston Wallace Gass, Potts vide N Ir Bernard A 2 ch, Ciaci'i jEs&M Strickland- If Tori Mws JP Hiller, New York W BsuypeM*\Heyr York G W Hunter ft wf,Alex,V* J P Jones ft wf, {nnoissat! * B Bobert s ft la, (Mac! a&ad 1F Hmsetdne ft.w t, Phiii Ess H B file wan, ladiaaa Christy Paris. Mew T*rk W& BmA4U,Fo&d da Lie SLuA.PeAmsy.Bew York BSffis&fsS* Bam’i Biom., *r«w To* B McCabe, Omearo AKAdamsftle*W Virginia J P Harris ftMtßellsfonte L Sherwood .New Yorkj C G Bros, new York 8 8 Cox. Ohio JAZsuhbr&ht, JTew York A Mayane. Few York G.Wilier, Cleveland, O yw Cravfird, Cleveland C M Drtaker ft wf, Penaa B Moore ft la, Jersey City Mjf Spear, JTew York JOhttfortk-fey York W AYiUhalh, Haw York XWywner ftwt Cia, <> Miss Wynne, Cincinnati G A Clark, Mew York ABoyd, Maryland f|pß&lfes!S“ v JXliOD* rt jofca Hitler. Wiiite S&U e H BerJtey. f Marke, rtl Col B Bateliff. Mire Brenem. *£»>«?* o O fiaHelT. »«w Job Brencta. Ofeto Bdw Haw»e,OMo OVABomer. He"**"' 4 0 T Polls, John Braaiet.Jan* £ WBiod*-a4.» w ij >3 Bwis. Kswawit:
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers