JOS SALE, AB BELOW THE PRESENT GOLD PRICES. Very rich Watered Silks. Idagnlfloent Moire Antique. Very heavy Colored Corded Silks. Very heavy Colored Plata Silks. Beautiful Shades of Colored Ottoman Silks. New Styles of Fancy Figured Silks, yery heavy Blaek Corded Silks, yery heavy rich glossy Blaok Silks. Black Silks of all kinds cheap. 4-4 Mantilla Silk Velvets. l EDWIN HALL & 00., , No. 26 South SECOND Street. iclß-tuthsSt -; BEATER REDUCTIONS. X'KBNCH CECCNT23ES Reduced to *5O. ALL NEW AND CHOICE STYLES. FRENCH CHINTZES Reduced to BLA-CKHEKS, 80 PEB OBNT. BSLOW CtOLD PRICES, AMERICAN DELAINES 40c. EW STYLES DARK PRINTS, Past Colors, 31&o. UNBLEACHED COTTON FLANNELS, Good Qualities, 400. all dress ooodb at reduced prices. H. STEEL & SON, (K)l7-Bt Nos. Tl 3 and 715 North TENTH Street INTER HOSIERY DETAIL AND WHOLESALE. JT. JME. HATTiBIGH; No. 903 CHESTNUT STREET, Isa now In *tor* * 101 l assortment of Hi* celebrated iskes of' ENGLISH HOSIERY, •SALBBIOGAH HOSE AND BAW HOSB, BKETTLB’S HOSB, SHIBTS, AH D BBAWBBS, EXTRA HBAVT SILK SHIBTS AHD DRAWEES. IN Alil< SIZES, FOB GENTLEMEN. ocS-tf MMENBB REDUCTION IN THE PRICES DRY GOODS. \mm R. CAMPBELL & GO., m CHESTNUT STREET, C7FBE THEIR ENTIRE STOCK 0? dry goods, ooirsi&TntQ is past oi stEEINOES, POPLINS AND REPS, EPINGLLNES, CLAN PLAIDS, ALPACAS AND MOHAIRS, BLACK AND FANOY SILKS, SHAWLS, GLOVES, ' LINENS, WHITE GOODS, FLANNELS, BLANKETS, LINEN AND COTTON SHEETINGS, ; BEPELLANTS AND CLOAKING CLOTHS, AT EXTREMELY LOW KATES. We beg leave to aisuro the public that we hare sacked down every article in onr stock, and now hare •t in onr power to offer BARB BARGAINS. o*6-tf ■-■■■■■■ ' ■ \ : PLACE TO BTJY i. C. ami-WBKCDGIS <t CC, NORTHWB3T CORSES EIGHTH AND MARKET STREETS, Have always in stock a full line of I BOOTOH TABLE LINENS, Damask and Spot. f IKISH TABLE LINENS, Damask and Spot. » BARNSLEY TABLE LINENS, extra heavy. ! TOWELS, NAPKINS, and DOYLIES, f BHEBTING and PILLOW LINENS. A 8” Liberal Inducements to Hotels, Boarding Schools, did purchasers of large lots. se2B-tuthatf LACE CURTAINS! J79Q LACE CURTAINS! ***• FBENOH LACE CUBTAINS. SWISS LACE CURTAINS. NOTTINGHAM LACE CURTAINS. APPLICATION LACE CURTAINS. LACE AND MUSLIN CURTAINS. New and beautiful styles of the above goods at the Curtain and Window Shade Store of KELTY, UAKRINGTON’, & GO., Ho. 733 CHBSTHDT Street, 723, m oc4 Inthilmfp A MAGNIFICENT STOCK OF DRESS cV- GOODS JBLOW THE PEESENT QOLD PEICEB. PTm'B'best Irish'Popllns. - , ■ Corded Irish Fop ins, anewarticle, . Irish Poplins, reduced from $4 to $3. I Splendid Fluid French Poplins. V German Fluid Poplins. . Beautiful Plaid French Merinoes.. - Kich Printed All Wool Da Laiaes. Blch Printed Merinoeß. . Very fine Plain French Merinoes. ; Very fine Plain Cashmeres. , - , White and Black Merinoes and Cashmeres, : Double-width Da L&ines, beautiful shades. Fine Black*donble-width De Laines. Silk-faced Poplins, beautiful shades. Heavy-cord Bl&rk and Colored Poplins. Fine All-Wool Beps, beautiful shades. Plain Silk and Wool Poplins, i Poplins in every variety. ■ _ . N. B.—Daily receiving, from the New Tprk and Phi ladelphia Auctions, bargains in Dress Goods. t Several lots of very good sty les of Plaid Valencias, a of,American JDe Baines.. EDWIN HACL & CO., ocl7-xn-W6.lt B 6 Sonth SECOND Street. O-OOD GOODS REDUCED. ■or. NOT auction soods. /All-wool Poplini *t $1.87K. Good FrenchMerinoeo at $1 G2>4, , Striped Glaoi Poplins at sl.37>s- Brocade Poplins at $1» $1.25,51.62K, and $1.75, to Ko. CafStdex»n3n«. Sfotrcmble ) to i *howth™at gi TO3 ARCH Street, dlankets. . Finest AxnoriflflJi -p rt »> Ir ia'iflii ** Extra large “ Fremltim Roefcdaies. “perflne*“Merrima«k- „ WeU-knowa‘'HpUatHl*. 10-4 and 11-410VrPrie9d,BlajOt8U, , Crib and Cradle nom cheapest to «JM*t, Of MMT ®“ tifl ratas oextralargehed, B. %. eoraar ETIiSITH and MA RKIT. 4 FINE ASSOBTMENT OF SHAWL for sale below tho present gold prices, long Brocho Shawls, open centreß. long Brocks Shawls, flfied centres. 'Square Broche Shawls, open centreß. , 'Square BrooheShawls,,* 'led centres. • Bleb Plaid and Stripe Blanket Shawls. Square, Plaid, and Stripe Blanket Shawls, long and square Black Thibet Shawls, 4-4 Mantilla Velvets, ;pnre silk. Frosted and other Beaver Cloths. Cloaks ready made; oclf-tf a STEEL & SON HAVE NOW Plata Merlnoes, *l.2g to SS, Plata Poplins, - D«« Goods, all 'j Bri THK S TEESIHT COST OP IMPOBTATIOH; ■ SILKS—Of all kindi, a treat variety, from 75 *ents PKICKS. - . SHAWLS—A latte assortment, at a small advance .wr l«t , 1S Horth TENTH Street, i MBRINOEB, POPLINS, XL Bep«, Bpingliues, Clan Plaldß, _ Alpacas. Mohairs, and other Dress flood*! Qhean at iAS. H. CAMPBELL & CO. 'S, vaeap at •>*» Tat CHESTS PT Street. &SILK SHAWLS,^ aiovM^nenifanl B^lll4 ® Goods, <lheaDat **’ ““ jil. K. CAMPBELL & CO.’S, eneap at . : "• T9T QHEBTNPT Street. «eap at JAB. a, QBEBTHPT Street. ALL WHO-' WANT M3OOD . DRY at th, ns-la “v”>ai ohjsthijt Stew*. •^RETAH.DiB.Y' GOODS. Q.REAT SAL.e'oF Of every shade and quality In the cauntry. For choice Goods, call at the QOCXFJLDX& Sc CONARD, EDWIH HALL & CO., »6 South SECOND Street. VOL. 8.-NO.V2. C O A T X N <5 S, POE LADIES AN: PROSTEDS, VELOURS, CHINCHILLAS, TRICOTS, CLOTH STORE WM. T. SNODGRASS, 34 Booth SECOND Street, and 33 STBAWBEBKJT Street. ocl7-lm MX* ohestd ot street. __ EMBROIDERIES, . I' LACES, l g■ - o * WHITE GOODS. 1 I . VEILS, 1 3s 0.. ,^|^WI>3Saai?,CIIEESE , iS., | IPS* CHESTNUT STREET. - NINTH AND MARKET STREETS, HAVE FULL ASSORTMENTS OP LADIES’ CLOAKINGS, COATINGS AND OVERCOATINGS, FANCY OASSIMERES, FLANNEL SKIRTINGS, BLANKETS AND FLANNELS, SHEETINGS AND SHIRTINGS, SHAWLS AND MADDS, LADIES’ FALL CLOAKS. se24-smw3m : . . '' ■ COMMISSION HOUSES. jjazard & Hutchinson, No. 118 CHESTNUT STREET, COMMISSION MERCHANTS, FOR TUB SALS OF ciyl-6m] PHILADELPHIA- MADE GOODS. MILITARY GOODS. j’lags I^'flagsTT^T^^ CAMPAIGN FLAGS, BUNTING AND SILK, OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. SWORDS, : - SASHES, . BELTS, Together with a full assortment of MILITARY GOODS, EVANS' lIASSAXiL, . 418 IBOH Street, OCI4-IXO fn CARPETS AMR; OIC-CCOTHS. - 1864. gixjeinectiq ;: ' FALL 1864. GERMANTOWN. MeCALLUM & CO., CARPET WAREHOUSH, 509 CHESTNUT STREET, PHILADELPHIA: 1864. 1864. : :: McCAILUM: &CO., RETAIL DEPARTMENT. • *l9 CHESTNUT STREET, «el7-3m OPPOSITE INDEPENDENCE HALL. OARPETS J CARPETS 1 CARPETS 1 CLOSING OUT LATE IMPORTATIONS 80 PER CENT. . LESS THAN PRESENT GOLD RATES.; FRENCH AND ENGLISH AXMINSXERS. WILTONS OF ENTIRE NEW PATTERNS. YELVETS AND TAPESTRIES, Wide Goods. With a largo assortment of THREE-PLY AND INGRAIN CARPETS. NEW VENETIANS, PALATINE, AND DAMASK. DRUGGETTS. WELL-SEASONED OIL CLOTHS, So.. So. JAMES H..OENE & 00., Gao CHESTNUT STKEBT, lel7-gtnth2ffl. . Below Seventh. DRUGS. CASH DRUG HOUSE. WRIGHT & SID E>ALL, *O. 118 BASKET BTBEET, Between ?EOHT end SECOND Street!. E. W. WEIGHT. BETJGOISTSi PHYSICIANS, AND GE NEJKAIi STOKEKEEPEES dan find at ota establishment a-fall assortment of Imported and Domestic Drags, Popular Pa-.- tent Medicines, Paints, Coal Oil, Window (Has*. Prescription Vials, etc., at as low prise* a* genu ine, first-class good* can be soul. FINE ESSENTIAL OILS, or Confectioners. In full variety and of the best 6 CoclSneal, Bengal Indigo, Madder, Pot Ash, Cudbear, Soda Ash, Alum, Oil of Vitriol, Annat io, Copperas, Extract of Logwood, Sc,, FOB DYERS* USB, Always on hand at lowest net cash prices. SULPHITE OF LIME, for keeping cider sweet; a perfectly harmless preparation, put up, with tail directions for use, In packages containing sufficient for one barrel. Orders by, mall or city .post wiU meet with prompt attention; or special quotations will be furnished when requested. WEIGHT & SIDDALL, WHOLESALE DBDQ WABBHODSB, Ho. 119 MABKET Street, above PKONT. dei-thstnly-fp . . ' ' ' ' rpjßoW AWAY YOUR MATCHES.- Bave yonr Wall Paners, by using the Patented ELECTRICAL GAS-BRACKET, now in operation and for sale at SGI-lONEMAN’S GAS-PITTING ESTABLISHMENT, ■ 53? BACK street. ■ This Bracket dispenses with the nee of Matches, and Is bo simple that any child can light it. Call and see it for yourself. ___ oclB-6t*fp 1 jg J. WILLIAMS, HO. 16 NOETH SIXTH STBBBT, Manufacturer of s VENETIAN BLINDS ■; AHD WINDOW SHADES. *T The hardest and Finest Assortment ta the eity at ■ the ■ lowest peices. US' Kepairing attended to promptly. '*»- Store Shades Made and Lettered. ielo-2ns ROOKING GLASSES. JAMES S. EARLE A SON, 81« CHHSTKUT BTBEBT. PHIL A., Ut« now in store * W in# wmortmant of LOOK-ING GLASSES,' ofO'Wry«luu**t**< oftli* ?3X? BEST KAKOTACTDKB ABB LATBBT SZXLR OIL PA3HTIHGS, ENG-KAVINOS, PIGTBM ABB PHOTGQXAPH 7XAXXB. C AMrA,GH BU>« BADGES MADE TO ORDER FOE CLUBS In u r Agent, ; Rooms 8 Mid 10, 400 QUfiSTKUX Stie«V ocJE-W GENTLEMEN. SCOTCH FLAIDS, BASKETS, VELVETS, MIXTURES, ka., ko. 1. H. SIDDALL. CTORTAIK «00»8. QSA. "&> *>• I WIM* OFFER MY ENTIRE STOCK LACE WMMm FORTY PEB CSENT. LESS THAN COST OF IMPORTATION* I. E. .WALBATEN, SUCCESSOR TO W. H. CAKKYL. MASONIC HAIIIII 719 CHESTNUT STREET* oe6-tf v. « SEWING- MACHINES. rnHB FLORENCE A- THE FLORENCE THB FLORENCE THB FLORENCE ' THE FLORENCE , THE FLORENCE ‘ THB FLOKENOB thi Florence gswlßra MACHINES. SEWING MACHINES. SEWING MACHINES, SEWING MACHINES, SEWING MACHINES, SEWING MACHINES, W SEWING MACHINES, sewing Miasmas, tSO CHESTNUT STREET. ■ 630 CHESTNUT STREET, - 630 CHESTNUT STREW. 630 CHESTNUT STREET. 630 CHESTNUT STREET. ' 630 CHESTNUT STREET. 630 CHESTNUT STREET. 630 CHESTNUT STREET. SIUJBL A BR¥ GOODS JOBBERS. FALL,I BTOCK j FULL, 1604 } SOW IS STORE, (ISCS4. ; U9B. 815 Chestnut 5nd...814' Jayne Streets, IMPORTERS AND JOBBERS OF ■ SILRS ASD FAKC¥' RR¥ fiOOBS, . SHAWLS, LINENS, - AND WHITE GOODS. A LARGB AND HANDSOME STOCK OF DRESS GOODS. FULL LINE OF FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC BALBtORALS, : INCLUDING BRUNER’S AND OTHER MAKES. , ango-Sm ■ ■ '■ -■ __ CLOTHING. ■gDWARD F. KELLY, JOHN KELLY. TAILORS, 612 CHESTNUT STREET, Will from this date (October 84) sell at REDUCED PRICES, GAS B I oe4-tf , GENTS’ FURNISHING GOODS. §25 ARCH STREET. g*2s K, E M O V A. E. MANUFACTORY, AND GENTLEMEN’S FURNISHING EMPORIUM, REMOYED FROM fO6 ARCH STREET ; - 1 10 THE NEW STORE, 335 ARCH STREET. ielLfsJnwUm ■ WALL PAPERS. pHIIADEaLPHIA WALL PAPERS. HOWELL & BOURKB, N. E. CORNER FOURTH AND MARKET STREETS, Manufactorere of PAPER HANGINGS, WINDOW CURTAIN PAPERS, LINEN SHADES AND HOLLANDS, SOLID GREEN AND BUFF, CHOCOLATE GROUNDS, FIGURED, AND PLAIN SHADES,.:' To which we invite the attention of STOREKEEPERS. «el2-mws 2m WKEWORRS. J^IREWORKS. The undersigned, at their FIREWORE DEPOT, no SOUTH WHARVES, BELOW CHESTNUT ST. Hare now on hand ft great variety of WORKS, pre' pared expressly for Exhibitions, Including SOCKETS, BEKGOLA LIGHTS, &C„ &C. They have had also prepared a number of TORCH-LIGHTS, ESPBESSI.T FOB night parades, J)S®* Which will burn for Beveral hours, and may be held in the hand. JOSEPH B, BUSSIER & C 0„ ocl-stnthluoS : DEALERS IN EIRE WORKS. STATIONERY A, BLANK BOOKS. VtfL, MINING, COAL, AND OTHER \J hew companies. We are prepared to furnish Hew Corporations with all the Books they ; reanlre, at short notice and low prices, of first qnallty. All styles of Binding. STEEL ELATE CERTIFICATES OF STOCK, .LITHOGRAPHED ” " TRANSFER BOOK, ORDERS OF TRANSFBE, STOCK LEDGER, STOCK LEDGER BALANCES, REGISTER OF CAPITAL STOCK. BROKER’S PETTY LEDGER, ACCOUNT OF SALES,' DIVIDES® BOOK. ./ MOSSA OO.j : BLANK BOOK MANUFACTURERSAND STATIONERS, TJENRY HTJDDY, 11 Distiller and Wholesale Dealer in PURE OLD BOURBON, MONONGAHELA, BYE, AND WHEAT WHISKIES, • • 145 NORTH SECOND STREET, . _l. ■ Below Bac-e, Phila EENKY HUDBY, [ocl9-3m] ISAAC J. EVANS. S, PIBTOLS, BKATEB. PHILIP WILSOifiCO., . T 409 CHESTJTOT SfafMt,: Manufacturers and Importers of Fine Bans. Pistol*. . Gunning and Fishing Tackle, Canes, Powder, Shot, Wads, Caps, &c. Guns Eestoeked, Eebored, and Kepalred in the b**l manner, lee-tl SKATES Of AXE KINDS. 409 CHESTMOT Street. T ATOBR’B OLTVB 01L.—400 BAS- Jjv.l, fresb Latour’e OUre Oil, in lots to souths fM sals bT . SHODBB it WILLIAMS, W SoathTWATEB stmt, : PHILADELPHIA, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 22, 1864 %\t f uss. - Off Tilß UNION STATE CENTRA! COMMITTEE ROOMS OF THE UsJOW STATE CENTRAX* OOH,, Philadelphia, Ootober 21,1864.- - To the Loyal Men of Pennsylvania: Tho smoke of the first engagement has oleared away, and upon the vote of her citizens at home -Pennsylvania stands by the Government of our fathers, while her brave sons in the field will not give let's than twelve thousand majority for the good cause. The last hope, therefore, of the sup porters of General McClellan has disappeared, and the only result of continuing to sustain him Is to give eld abd comfort to the rebellion by increasing the appearance of disunion among ourselves. General Sheridan dealt a terrible blow to treason on Wednesday, and every patriot’s heart thrilled with joy upon hearing It, but a great majority for Abraham Lincoln in Pennsylvania would be far more fatal to the armed conspiracy against the Union and the Constitution. Every vote for our tried and faithful President will paralyze some arm raised to shoot down the Hag, while every vote for the base surrender at Chicago, and the men who carry its white flag, will encouiago some rebel to shoot another Northern soldier. The ticket nomi nated by Yallandigham, Wood, and. Seymour is how black with treason, and after it is voted will be fed with the blood of our brothers fighting for us. The war has existed for tkelast year only by reason of our divisions, and its continuance to-day is solely owing to the activity of the disunion party of the North and the platform of its Convention. While any hope remained of the eleotion of its candidates, plausible excuses might be found by misguided men for giving them their suffrages'; but. after the; ver dicts of Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Ohio, Indiana, and Pennsylvania, all sensible persons know that the election Is already decided by tho people, and that it only remains to ascertain the majorities. It follows, therefore, that every vole for McClellm and Pendleton is an'earnest invitation to >■ Jefferson Davis to continue this fearful war to waste ■more of our treasure and to murder others of Our sons. ;, The sublime spectacle of a united North will end the war. We invoke all patriots to lend their ef forts unceasingly to produce this result; By per fecting the ward and township organizations; by the circulation of documents; by public addresses, espe cially by local speakers; by earnest personal efforts with honest but mistaken men; by making arrange ments to bring every loyal voter to the polls ; by. sending tax receipts to every soldieT and sailor ; by the Immediate formation of campaign clubs in every borongh and community ; by great meetings of the people by daylight and by torchlight, and by all the honest agencies of an active and thorough canvass, appealing to the patriotic zeal and kindling the patriotic enthusiasm of a great and loyal Com monwealth, we can attest the fealty of our State to. the flag of the Union by a majority worthy of the historic character of the contest and of the groat issues dependent upon it. Forward, then, every lover of his country to this good work! Looking- not to . the past but. to the future; forgetting all personal considerations, and appreciating the privilege of some sacrifice for Li :herty and the Union, let us relax no effort until the polls are closed. This committee will continue to do its whole duty, and relies upon your instant, ear nest, and constant assistance. Grant’s maroh-of valor and of glory from the Ka pidan to the James Bealed the fate of the rebellion. Since then Sherman has turned its left wing. Far. xagut Is closing its avenues of escape. Sheridan has sent its vanguard again whirling down the val ley. It only remains for us to sound the eharge along the whole line, and wrapping our-ballots around our brothers’ bullets* march to the peaceful, final triumph which awaits us in November! Proclaiming the war to bo a failure, George B. McClellan is himself the greatfailure of the war—a general without a victory—a statesman without a record; and if we are faithful, history will add to his epitaph that he was a candidate for the Presi dency without an electoral vote. Let us all, there fore, labor without ceasing. In memory of our burled martyrs, in regard for the wounds of our liv ing heroes,,to guard liberty from Its,deadly peril, and the Union from Its treasonable foos, la the inte rest of religion, and In the hope of the Republic of the future, loyal-men of Pennsylvania, forward to : victory! , ; In behalf of the Committee, SIMON CAMERON, Chairman. .A. W. Bbwbdiot, ) s ecr etarles, - ■ ' Wibn.Fokkbt, . . . To the Editor of The Press: Sib: I cut the following from the Now York Jour nal of Commerce, Oct. 20: ... ; Sheridan reports to Grant that, In'moving down the Valley to Woodstock, he has burned.over two , thousand barns filled with wheat, hay, and farming ififplements, and over; seventy mills filled, with flour and wheat. This was dons by order of Grant himEelf, the commander of all the Yankee armies. V U is only the execution in part of the order to de stroy everything in the Talley that will sustainltfe. The.fell work is still going on. ..Now,, it is an idle , waste of words to denounce this sort of war. We have simply to regard It as a practical matter, and . ask ourselves how it Is to be met. There is one effectual wav, and only one that we know of, to ar : rest and prevent ..this and every other sort, of atro-: city—ana that is to burn one of the chief cities of: the enemy, say Boston. Philadelphia, or Cincinnati,: and let its fate hang over the othersas a warning o: what may be done, and wlll.be done to them, if the present system of war on the -part of the enemy is continued.,./': „ . ' If- we are asked how such a thing canbe done—we answer, nothing would be easier. A million of. dol lars would lay the proudest city of the enemy In ashes. The men to execute the work are already , there. There would he no difficulty in finding there, here, or in Canada, suitable persons to take charge 61 the enterprise and: arrange its details. Twenty--men,- with plans all . preconcerted, and 1 means nrovided, selecting some dry, windy night, { might fire Boston In a hundred places, and wrap it inflames from centre to suburo. They might ro taliate on Richmond, Charleston* etc ? Let them do so, if they'dare rlt is a game at which we can heat them. New York is worth twenty Richmonds. I They have a dozen towns to our one, and in their towns is centred nearly all their wealth. It would | be immoral and barbarous 1 It is not Immoral or I barbarous to defend yourself by any means, or with I any weapon the enemy may employ for your de struction. They chose to substitute the tofehfor ( the sword. We may so use their own weapon as to I make them repent, literally in sackcloth:and ashes, I that they ever adopted It, If.the Executive is not I ready for this,.we commend, tbe matter to the secret I deliberations of the Congress about to meet'. ~ *3S OHESTEUT Street SATURDAY, OCTOBER 22, 1864. address TO THE LOYAL MEN OF PENNSYLVANIA. Rebel Diabolism RETALIATION THREATENED, From the Biclimond Whig. Oct. 15 3 Soi then, our cities are to bo destroyed by incen diaries, and 11 the men to execute the work” are ; already' among us! Who are they’ Are they ; Southern rebel spies, or are they our own native Copperhead sympathizers! It is believed that there i are thousands of rebel spies at this hour in Phila delphia. every one of whom would gladly see the city in ruins. Is this article from-the, Richmond .fF6.fp published.by our Copperhead "newspapers for -the purpose of stimulating these wretches to commit the act? These men are, no doubt, well known to.: the police. Shall we wait; till they .execute the; orders of their rebel masters, and; lay the city In ' ashes, or shall we send them back to the place from whence they came before they accomplish their hellish design ? The Whig says we might retaliate on Richmond, Charleston, &c., but that that Is a game at which ;they can boat us. We do not exactly see how wo ■can retaliate'on “ Richmond, Charleston,. &e.,’’ ini: the way suggested, as we are not aware that South ern hospitality has received, protected, and cher ished, in those cities, the people of the North with. Union feelings, as we have done the Southern vipers which tho Whig tells us are now ready to sting us | to death. That they can beat us at such a game we readily admit; and at.every game whore lying,per jury, perfidy, and villainy are' necessary to success, r An articlein*the Richmond Dispatch, October 17th, comparing'Heischel T. Johnson’s views on the peace propositions with those of Messrs. Stephens and Brown, of Georgia, and Mr. Boyce, of South Carolina, has the following passage: “As we are the party acting on the defensive, while the Yan kees are still, as they have been from the beginning, the aggressors, he" (Mr. Johnson) “ does not think it altogether becoming In us to make the first pro: I poßai.” ’; ; ?\ Can It be possible that the Dispatch for a moment believes that any or its readers, or any intelligent person In the civilized world, cahhave forgotten the attack on Fort Sumpter, and the years :of prepara tion on the part of the Southern rebels for the war they are now waging against the Government? The ' “ Yankees,” as these mendacious rebels Insultingly call the loyal Northern people, little dreamed of war, until the bombardment ot Sumpter aroused them to the necessity of self-protection. And yet this barefaced, unblushing falsehood Is-continually repeated, not only In the Southern newspapers but by every sneaking,'.venomous Copperhead in our midst. But to return to the subject just mentioned- I As the rebels have given us duo notice that they I have men at the North ready to burn our cities; and r our Copperhead newspapers are reminding these men of what they axe expected to do, does it not be come ns to take measures to protect ourselves before the blaze of our consuming dwellings proves it to be too late ? O- P. Q- The Word “Copperbeatl” Defined. To the Editor of The Press : Sib: For the benefit of those who cannot'find the word “Copperhead” in tho dictionary, I give tho following analysis: ; - -v C onspiraoy. O ppoeition to tho war. P eace on any terms. ■ Piracy-'.' E nmlty to the Union. • R ecognition of the U. S. A. H atred to the Government. E arnest sympathy for traitors. Adiarchy. . It lsloyalty. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, . W. M., Orderly Sergeant 14th Maine Vols. Pobt Ricbmosd, Psix.aua., Oct. 17,1884.- Tho rebel raider Wheeler is only • twenty five years old and very small. He Is a ladieß’ mun. At a ball In Carlisle, Penna, just bolore the war, he .got tight, and becoming aware that the ladies were turning up their noses.at him, he soliloquized thus: “ Wheeler, you’re drunk! Wheeler, the galß are laughing at you! Wheeler, you’d better go home!” and ho old. P 0 UTICA!., 81-LECH OF HOK, EDWARD EVERETT AT FANEUIL HALL. The Hon. Edward Everett delivered an eloquent and logical oration to an immense audience In Faneuil Hall, Boston, on Wednesday afternoon, Horn which we take the annexed paragraphs. Of tho modern, 11 Democracy ” Mr, Everett said : If we look to those features of the modern Demo cratic policy, more or less connected with the pre sent state of affairs, we shall surely find no reason ior. entrusting that party with the Government at a moment like this. The Virginia and Ken tucky resolutions of : 98. and ’99, notwithstanding the protest of Mr. Madison, were the arsenal from which the most dangerous weapons of nullification and secession have been and. are drawn. One of their leading principles was embodied in the reso lutions of the Democratic Convention of Massac chiisettslast year. The first opeb-and successful revolt against the authority of the Federal Govern ment—the expulsion of the. Indians from Georgia— attended as it was with tho violation of the faith of seventeen treaties, and followed by a most iniquitous partition of their lands, by a land lottery—was a Democratic measure. So was the Seminole war, in which the United States expended. $160,000,000 to create a new slave .State and enable Georgia to recover a lew" hundred fugitive slaves. - Notwithstanding our just eemplalnts against the Mexican Government, the great political ad van tages of the acquisition of the Mexican provinces, and the blessings which might have redounded to the cause of universal humanity by the extension of the Anglo-Saxon civilization into; those vast half desert and ill-governed.Tegions, the manner in which the Texan,annexation was effected, and the Mexican war commenced, caused those measures to; bo op posed by every Whig member of Congress. Mr. Webster particularly was unsparing in his denun ciations, and this at the time of their inception, and before Texas had repaid the two hundred millions she bad cost the United States by the blackest in .gratitude and treachery. • But the mest'disastfons measures of the modern Democracy; connected also directly, with the pre sent state of the country, wore the repeat of the Missouri restriction'fwhich for thirty-four years had. been, accepted, South afid North; as an adjustment of the territorial controversy j and the acts, both of fraud and violence, employedto: force slavery upon the people of Kansas. Talleyrand was accustomed, to say that the invasion of Spain was worse than a crime—it was afahit. The Kansas policy of the last two Administrations was both wrong in principle and ruinous in effect The fountains of the great deep, partially stilled by the legislation of 1850, were again broken up by a tempest of sectional agitation. I need not dwell on the immediate and powerful agency of these measures In causing the present state of things, nor comment on the strange incon sequence of again bringing the Democratic party into power, prostrated as it; was by the odium of these very measures, under the idea that they alone can rescue the country irom the distressful condl- tiori into which, they had so directly contributed to plunge it. v The speaker referred as follows to the subjects of slavery and the emancipation proclamation: ■While the non-interference with slavery, the cause or pretext of the war, by the Government of the United States, produced not the slightest effect in the way of conciliating the rebels, whom it loft in the undisturbed possession of what they regard as a chief sourcehf strength in carrying on the war, it was rapidly losing us tho sympathyof Europe, where theiremissaries did not scruple to adduce thievery noh-ihterierence as a proof that “ slavery had no-" thing to do with the contest.” Without gaining anyihinghy forbearance at home, we were allowing the tide of public opinion to run against us abroad, and materially increasing the danger of hostile in tervention, on the professed grounds that it was re quired by the interests of humanity, and that slavery had nothing to do with the struggle. , , It was under these circumstances that the Presi dent, as Commander-In-Chief of the armies of the United States, felt himself warranted in drawing this new weapon from the armory of the public law. Considering that slavery, either as motive or pretext, had caused the war, that it strengthened the. rebels with the physical power' of 600,000 able-bodied men, -inhabitants of the South,' and owing allegiance to the United St ates; that besides. the employment of one-half of this number in direct military service in forts,; field works, and, general camp labor, It released an equal number of. white men from agricultural labor, and other mestic employments at home, thus increasing to that extent the force of their armies, while in many cases the slaves themselves were; actually armed and accompanied their masters to the field j considering further that it had been shown by the experience of eighteen months’ war, that the appre hension of a servile insurrection so generally enter tained was groundless; considering that the con tinued forbearance 1 of the United States toward slavery was weakening us in that public opinion, which Is the ultimate ruling power in the J civilized world, and in various ways aiding and strengthen ing the cause of the rebellion abroad; the Govern ment of the United States, warranted by clear prin ciples of the law of. nations, and in the exercise, of the undoubted right of a belligerent in a just war, declared, by the President’s proclamation of the 22d September, 1862, that, after the first day of January next ensuing, the slaves in States then in rebellion: should he free, and that compensation should be made to loyal citizens. ~' ■ ■ .: Such iB the history of these proclamations. l am not pledged to their defence. My opinion of such a measure was inform ally asked in advance, by a member-of the Cabinet, and I expressed, in reply, a doubt of its policy, though I added that I had no doubt of its constitutionality. I did not regard it as a measure of great practical importance. I con sidered slavery as doomed, aB Mr. Stephens warned his fellow-citizens it would-be, by the operations of the war, and by what particular" instrumentality, or in what precise form, provided it was constitu tionally done, was of no greatmbment. have no belief,-however, that the . measure has had the slightest effect in increasing the difficulty of pacifi cation. The governing class will hold out for Inde pendence till their military, power is crushed. When .that Is done, the mas£ea,WiUrise.and demand 'ptace^* I will add that it is very.doubtful whether any aot of the Government of the United States was neces sary to liberate the slaves in a State which is in rebellion. There is much reason for the opinion that, by the simple act of levying'war against the United States, the relation of slavery was tormina-; ted—certaiDiy so .far as concerns the duty of the United States to recognize it; or to refrain from in terfering with it. -Not being founded,on the law .of nature, and resting solely on positive local law, and thatnot of the United States,-as soon as it becomes 1 either the motive or pretext of an unjust war against the Union—an efficient instrument in the hands pf the rebeis for carrying on the war—a source oi mili tary strength to: the rebellion and of danger to the Government at home and abroad, with the addi tional certainty that, in any event but its abandon- : ment, it will continue, in all future time, to work these mischiefs, who can suppose it: is the duty of the United States to continue to recognize it’ To i maintain this would be a contradiction in terms. It : would be : to recognize a right’ in a rebel master-to. employ his slave in acts of rebellion and treason, and the duty of the slave to aid and abet his master in the commission of the greatest crime known to theiaw. No such absurdity can he admitted, and any citizen of the United States, from the President down, who 'should, by tiny overt act, recognize the duty of a slave to obey a rebel master hi a hostile operation,.would himself be giving aid and comfort to the enemy. - - ■While, 1 therefore, I think nothing can be .clearer than that the Administration Is, in its emancipa tion policy, in the exercise of an undoubted right on the clearest principles of the public law, I have no belief that by adopting that policy it has - increased the difficulty .of an honorable pacification. Con servative men of all parties have, with the best in tentions, 3S it seems to me, acted under great mis conceptions in- this matter. The idea that-the foundations of this Union rest on'slavery, and that it is at all ovSnts, and under all circumstances, and to the end of time, to be cherished'and pre served, is quite a recent idea. The fathers of the Bepublic knew nothing of It. They with l one ac cord, South as well as North, regarded slavery as an evil forced ;tipon. the country in its colonial state; arid temporarily tolerated.* It' was supposed to depend on the continued importation of slaves, and the framers of the Constitution of ITS 9 believed that in providing for the prohibition of the African Slave-trade *aiter 1808, they, had commenced, the abolition of slavery. Mr. Webster says, and re peats the remark in his speech of the 7th of March, 1850, that the members of the. Federal Convention “thought that slavery could not be continued in the country, if the importation of slaves were-madeto cease, and therefore they provided that after a cer tain period the impojtation might ho prevented by an act of the new Government.” “It- was 1 then (April, 177 6j). the prevailing opinion,” says Ban croft! VIII., 321,), “ especially.in Virginia, that the total prohibition of the slave-trade .would;at no , very distant day be: followed. by universal emanci ■patioc.” . Xflncli is said about restoring "the Constitution as it is and the Union as it was,” and as far as 1 have ; been able to penetrate the real intention of the Chicago Democracy, it' -is to make overtures of peace on that nominal basis, with new guarantees and new compromises on the subject of slavery. Save-those who favor such-a policy well consi dered, what the Union was and the Constitution is, in this respect 1 A little impartial reflection on that subject will show that it is by no means at the North that the departure from its spirit, nay, its letter, has taken place. I do not refer.to extreme opinions uttered by ardent men North and ; South, but to legislative acts and official measures. While the Government of the United States Is not charge able with the smallest violation of the Constitution or the slightest departure from the spirit of the Union, (but very fat the contrary in respect to slave ry,) both have been wholly .disregarded and set at naught by the Slaveholding interest.*, I have not time at this late* hour to go into this .discussion at length, but* I will state a few propositions which, as I think, defy refutation....:..'‘ • .. First, by tho wise and good men of tlio south as well as the North, who iramed tie Constitution, slavery, as I have already stated, was. considered and habitually declared to tie a social, political, and moral evil, forced upon us by tfie Colonial Govern n on t, of which it was both the interest and duty of the country to rid itself as soon as possible. For this reason they would not allow the word ‘‘slave” to find a place in the Constitution, in order,;as was , urged by Mr.-Madison, that they might not seem to recognize such a thing as property In man. . : Secondly. It was universally believed at that time that slavery could onlybe, kept up by. the African , slave trade. Several of the States had already pro iibited it, and the Constitution mado provision for its final prohibition in twenty years) which actually tookplaee. ; v: ■■■■. .: ’ Tkxrdly conteroporaßeouslY witb. tae formation of the Constitution slavery was, by the ordinance of 1787, prohibited in all the territory then belong ing to the United States, under circumstances that exclude the idea that any difference of policy would be pursued in territory hereafter to baac quired, . This prohibition was accompanied by the clause for the extradition of fugitives held to labor, ’ from which tho .word slave was carefully excluded. ; Fourthly, as a compensation for allowing three fifths of the slaves to be added to tho represen tative numbers (an arrangement which has almost always secured to the slaveholding States the con trol of the Government,) it was provided that di rect taxation should be assessed on the same prin- Ct §uch isthe « Union as it was and the Constitution : as it is,” Id tho intendment of its framers. What have they since become? what are they, now 7 In stead of a universally-recognized temporary evil, ; placed In a train* of extinction by the prohibition of the African slave tiade ; a struggle, commencing . with the rapid extension of tho cotton Culture, has been Sept up for forty years to preserve, perpetuate, and extend slavery ; and this-straggle has culmi nated in a gigantic war against .that. Constitution, and. in order to effect that object, by a. rupture of the Union.. Or, if.we choose to consider the rupture ronhe Unionasthe' primary object, then slavery is the pietext and rallying cry made use of to effect It, while the new government proposed to.be erected on tbe.ruins of “ the Union as it was” is declared to be . .'built on the corner-stone of slavery. . A Instead of confining slavery, with a view to Its final extinction, to the States in which lkexisted In 1787, and wholly excluding it from tho Territories, r (which was tho design of the fathers of the Union as it was,) nine new slave States have been admitted with stipulations for four moreto be added lnTexas, by treaties conceded by Messrs. Jefferson and Madi son to be in violation of “ the Constitution as it Is;” Anew compromise, which excluded slavery from the Territories north of 36 deg. 80 mln. ,' and admitted It into all of the Territories south of the line, in con travention of the design of the fathers of the Oon stUbllon asit iB and the Union as it -was, was re pealed by the Democracy In 1851, white the Supreme Court oi the United States decided that the Con stitution, Into which its framers would not even admit the word, carries propria vigors tho thing into all the territory of the United States! Mr. Everett closed his oration in the following words: Providence is putting our patriotism to this austere test, to sco if wo have the virtue to sustain ’ hat grand nationality to yrMsh gut Brth«K placed the seal of a crowning victory at York town on the 19*h of October, 1781. That It.Ts our duty to- do so, was the sentiment of every loyal heart, when the blow was struck- at Sumpter, and the country, as ore man, sprang to the defence of the Union. Never was a grander movement in the annals of our race, than when, trampling party in the dust, and forget-' ting all that divided opinion on measures or men, the citizens of the loyal States remembered only that the flag of that Union “which makes us one peo-- ple,’ 1 had been traitorously stricken down, and that ambitious men, marching through the bloody por* ■ tals of rebeUlon, were striving to rend in soiled tatters the seamless garment which enfolds our bo loved country. The oauße is as sacred now as then, and the dearer for the precious blood shed in its de fence. "We knew no party in ’6l, can we not again rise above Itin ’64 i Shall we, in the face of the world, as the struggle is drawing to a close, paralyze the only arm which, by a constitutional necessity, can wield the power of the State. , The eyes of the na tion are upon us, I ain well persuaded that we have not a sincere friend in the civilized world who will not deplore the overthrow of the Administration; and however parties, led by mistaken opinion, Inte rest, or passion, may differ now, I am - equally per suaded that in after years, coming generations, South as well as North, nay, the South still more than the North, will recognize the justice of our cause, and that the South will date her own regene ration from our success in the struggle. TUB NATION'S ABILITY TO SUSTAIN THE WAR DEBT. The following is an extract from a speech delivered in the House of Representatives in April last by Hon. Jas. G-, Blaine, of Maine. Lot the croakers read it: V ; , At tliS organization of our Government in 1789 the entire population, free and slave", was under four millions, scattered along the seaboard from the St. Croix to the St.:Mary’s, not fifty thousand in all liv ing one .hundred miles distant from the flow ofthe Atlantic tide. Facilities for intercommunication were greatly restricted; manufactures and the arts were in feeble Infancy; agriculture was racte, and not highly * remunerative, because commerce, its handmaid, was languishing and waiting to bo quickened to enterprise and vigor. The en tire valuation or the thirteen States, accord ing to . the weight of authority, did not ex ceed six hundred million dollars, three hundred millions. less than the valuation of Massachusetts to-day, and not one-half so great as that of Penn sylvania.;. Property at that time was fit adapted to ;bear taxation, profits wore small, and to the politi cal economist, measuring the condition and capa city of the country, it seemed utterly unable to carry a debt of any considerable magnitude. And yet our ancestors did not hesitate to assume the burden of ninety million dollars, more than one seventh of all the property they owned. Mr. Jeffer son, who was the most distrustful of all the states, men of that day In regard to the ability of the nation to sustain the load, was, yet willing to say thatit could be easily borne If our annual increase of population' and property could maintain an average of Jive per cent.—then the most sanguine estimate which any one dared to place on the future growth of the country. Had we realized only the ratio of increase assumed by Mr. Jefferson, our population in 1860 would have been some fifteen instead of thirty-one millions, and our wealth $2,700,- 000,000 instead of $16,000,008,000.: Upon Mr. Jef ferson's assumed baflis of increase, the debt would .never have been oppressive, "but upon the rate of growth actually realized the country paid the in terest on the oeht, and accumulated a fund for its redemption with such ease that people never felt they were taxed. And yet I hope to show that our debt at the close of this war will be relatively lighter than the debt which our Revolutionary fathers thus-assumed, and; proceeded so early and so easily to. discharge. : Look als ( o at the case of Great Brit ain. At the close of her gigantic struggle with Napoleon, in 1816, the national debt ol that kfngdom amounted to *861,000,000 sterling, or forty-three hundred mil lions of dollars; and for readier comparison I shall - speak of her debt in dollars rather than In pounds. Her entire population at that time was less than twenty millions, and the valuation of all her proper ty was about nine thousand five hundred million dollars. Sho owed, Indeed, nearly half of all that she possessed. Her population was less than two thirds oi what ours-is to-day. Her entire pro perty-'was not three-fifths l of what ours was by the census- of 1860, while her debt , was eighteen hundred -millions -of dollars greater than ours will be in 'July, 1865. And In contracting this debt she was compelled to sell her bonds at the most enormous sacrifice. From 1792 to 1815 her debt was increased $3,000,000,000, and yet in ex change for, this amount of bonds she received In money but $1,730,000,090, thus, submitting to a dis count of $1,270,000,000. In other words, England, , during the twenty-three years of continental war, only realized on an average for the whole period $lOO in money in exchange for $173 of her bonds. This, be it . remembered, was the average for the whole time. As the contest waxed desperate her sacrifices became desperate in proportion, and the money whlchenabled her to fight the decisive cam paign Of Waterloo was obtained by selling her bone s 'to the European bankers at less than fifty cents on the dollar., Compared with this our sacri fices on our national securities thus far have been light, not averaging froth the inception of the war to the present day, with all elements of expenditure fairly estimated; more than from twenty to twenty five per cent, on the gold basis. - To meet their enormous debt, the British people had nothing but the commercial and industrial re-, sources of the United Kingdom, whose whole area is not double that of the single State-of Missouri. They had a population of; but twenty millions, as ■ already atatoc, subject to no increase from Immi gration, and growing in half a century no more than we have added during the last decade. And yet on this restricted area the enterprise and en ergy oi the British; people: have increased their property until it is valued at thirty-three thousand millions ’• of dollars; and in defiance of the large expenditure resulting from several cost ly wars since 1815, they have actually reduced their debt semethree hundred millions of dollars;; Their steady progress In wealth under their large debt is comprehended in the statement that the average property per capita in 1815 was less than five hunored dollars, and in 1861 about elevenhun dred doliajs. In 1815 some twenty-five per cent, of all the earnings ahd income of the people was ab sorbed In taxation, and in 1861 less than tea per cent was taken for the same object, in 1815 thepro portion of taxes per. head for. the whole people ex ceeded seventeen dollars, and In 1861 it had fallen below; ten dollars, t , : : . These brief,details of British experience show how a great debt without being absolutely reduced to any considerable extent becomes relatlyelylighter by the Increased capacity to bear it. The wealth per capita of the entire population in a period of forty-six years has more than doubled; the aggre gate property of the realm has more than trebled: and all this bn a fixed area of one hundred and twenty thousand square miles, and with a popula tion Increasing at the slow rate of only one per cent, per annum. If such results can be wrought out by a kindred people against such obstacles and hin drances, what may we not hope to accomplish under the auspicious circumstances that surround cur own nat ion '! In the light of the national experiences we have ; : been glancing at, we may clearly read our own great future. It is not, indeed, a matter of surmise or speculative query, but of well-founded and confident calculation—a calculation which, however sanguine It be.made. will have its only error in' falling short of results actually to be realized. The war.closingin July, 1865, will leave us in this condition: a nation numbering some thirty-three million people, owning - _ over sixteen thousand milllons of property, and car- 1 rylDg a debt of twenty. Jive hundred milUonsof dot- : tars. The proportion between debt and property will bejust about thesameas it was when tbe Union . was formed, while theratlo of our advance and the - largely enhanced productiveness of agricultural, manufacturing, arid commercial pursuits gives the ; present generation an advantage that renders it far : less burdensome at the very outset. And If the ; Bevolutionary debt becaine in a very brief period so light as to be unnoticed, why may we not, with a vastly accelerated ratio of progress, assume a similar auspicious result with regard to the debt we are now . contracting '! Were our future advance In wealth, arid population to be no more rapid than Great ' Britain’s has been since 1815, we should at the close of the present century have a population of forty five million souls arid a property: amounting to fifty thousand milUonsof dollars, Even upon this ratio of progress our entire debt would,cease to be felt as a burden. But upon tbe inoreateof population and development of wealth,to be so surely anticipated, the debt would be-so small ‘in comparison with the total resources of the nation as to become absolutely inconsiderable. Let us look at the figures. According to the estimates made in the report; of the eighth census; and made with, great care upon very complete data, our populatlon In the year 1900 will be one hundred millions. : The property of the country during the laat decade increased one hun dred and twenty-six per cent.; our aggregate wealth in 1865 being a trifle over seven- thousand millions of dollars, arid in,1860 exceeding sixteen thousand mit lions.Some of the States exhibited hn almost fabu lous progress—lowa, the highest In ratio, gaining nine hundred and forty-two per cent.,or nearly one: hundred per cent, per annum, and (California, not far behind her, making a gain of eight hundred and thirty-eight per cent.; the average of all the States being, as 1 have already stated, one hundred and twenty-six per cent. The aggregate addition of wealth for the ten years was thus absolutely larger than all that had been accumulated in the country from the settlement of Jamestown and Plymouth down to the year 1850. We can: hardly hope to maintain this enormous ratio for each successive decade, but it Is assuming very much less than the average of tbe past would justify, to say that our property will increase in double the ratio of our population. From 1790 to 1860 our population in creased in all about seven hundred per cent., while, our property increased some twenty-six hundred rier cent , thus showing an increase of property nearly four-fold greater than In population. A population of one hundred millions In A. D. 1900, implies an; Increase of two hundred and ten per cent, on the census of 1860. Doubling the ratio for increase In property .‘gives us a gain of four hun dred and twenty per cent., which would give a total valuation at the time specified of eighty-jive % thousand -millions of dollars, of which vast amount our estimated national debt will constitutesnly ttte trifling proportion of three per cent. The embar rassment to the country under such circumstances would prove as light as would a debt of $3,000 to an individual who had an otherwise 1 unincumbered es tate of $lOO,OOO, the estate all the while receiving a, steady Increase of ten per cent, per annum. All that I have said has been based on the suppo sition of the debt remaining at a fixed sum, the country simply paying the interest. As a matter of fact, however, It Is perfectlyribbons that In the pro : aress and prosperity of the future one of our first acts will be to provide for the gradual but absolute redemption of tbe principal; That this will be con summated without oppressively adding to the an nual burden ol taxes may be inferred with certainty : irom a slight examination of our capacity to make Increased payments proportioned to our Increased amount of consolidated wealth; The time ol' re demption will depend,wholly on the will of thetax pav ers; but it is quite evident that the condition of the country may justify Its being done as rapidly as Mr. Hamilton proposed to redeem the debt which he funded in 1790, The period assigned by him was thirty-five years, arid so well based, were his oalou -1 latlons that tbe entire debt, augmented.largely and ; unexpectedly as it was by the war of 1812, was paid ■ in forty-four years from the date of funding, and In ■ 1834 the United States found itself owing but thirty • seven thousand dollars ■ ■ - , A NEUTKiL COENJTBKD AND ITS REUNIONS.— There Is a cornfield between our lines at one point a little to the left of Cemetery Hill. The opposing pickets ■will creep Into thatfor an occasional friendly chat, or for a barter, or . for a game of cards—only think of It! Two of them were playing a game a few days since, with Abe Unooln and Jeff, Bavte as Imaginary stakes. The liinooloite lost. There, says the winner, “ Old Abe belongs to me.’’ “ Well, I’ll send him over by the Petersburg Express,” re sponded the defeated Yank. One day last week there had been lively shelling and some musketry firing during the forenoon—of course but little talk ing After dinner there was a slack of hostilities. A Johnny rose up on the parapet of his line and shook a paper as a sign of truce, then sprang over into the cornfield. At once a hundred followed from either line, were over their works, and side by side, swapping papers for papers, tobacco or jack knives, hardtack or sugar for corn cake. New acquain tances were made. In some instances, old acquain tances were revived- A Connecticut sergeant round a townsman and schoolmatefrom over the way. a Connecticut officer found a kinsman in a rebel offi cer. A loyal Maryland regiment wm vis-a-vis with a MarylandSeeesh Many Vrisstf union were there. One found a brother onbhe other side . and yet another his own father, mere s tne ro mance of war for you 1 _ the Album of Mdllo. A »MvKrodAdellDa. Nothingoaa be more easy forme than to insert an Idea In your album, an mea-which fills my head—to.. cherish you as an ado rablecreature, to admire your enchanting talent, and tube forever your friend, <*, . FOUR CENTS. THE PRESIDENCY, GKAKD MEETINGS LAST SIGHT. imm Ears e E’arT-uirsiA'SM. THE ACADEMI ©F WBM- THRONG®]). Speeches by. Gov. Curtin, Gen. Joshua I.Owen,Col, 11. B. Burnham, CTtli P. V,, Major Htsrry ■ White, Hon. A. K. McOl’Srft. Tributes to the Memory of Cc®» Birney. THE MEETING AT UNION LEAGUE HALE. SPEECH BY : HON, A. K. McG&HBE, PIHIADEII’HIA IN EARSSST. THE ACAHEMY; OF' -MUSIC. The great Union meetings last evehisg at the A cademy of Music and the Hair of the Union League were among the most remarkable manifestations of the political campaign. Long before the speakers bads taken their seats on the crowded stage of the Academy, the vast building was filled from parquet to amphitheatre, and an in telligent audience of five thousand patriotic men and women were prepared to listen to the earnest words of Governor Curtin, and to gather encouragement for the great duty of the hour from the eloquence and experience of the heroes of the evening. When all the rest of the house was filled, a laTge delegation of soldiers from the" hos pitals marched in to the national music and took the reserved seats in the parquet. From all sides they were greeted with cheers and the waving of handkerchiefs. It was some time before order could be re stored, and the meeting he organized. General Wm. M. Reilly opened the pro ceedings in a brief speech, and announced the Governor-of the State as the president of the meeting. Governor Curtin received; enthusiastic applause, and at length spoke as follows: . SPEECH OF GOV. CURTIN. • I am glad that I have been called upon to preside to-night over an association of soldiers. Having had much to do -with that class of our fellow-citizens for three and a half years; it always affords me pleasure to meet them, and to be conspicuous, as I am to night; wherever there Is gathered together a body of the eoldierß of the Republic. [Cheers.] A man who has studied the history of this great country, and made irom it philosophical deductions, must be satisfied that that portion of the people of this coun try who are entitled to the warmest gratitude of the living and those of the dead, who are entitled to the highest honor, are those who have been willing to bear alolt the standard of the Republic, and expose their persons to the enemies of liberty, who have rebelled agaißßt our constitutional laws. [Great cheering. ] I am honored, Indeed, to preside to-night over a meeting of soldiers, and I am obliged to the citizens of Philadelphia who have honored me with their presence this evening. To-day I follows! to the grave a soldier of the Republic, late a citizen of the city of Philadelphia. I knew him well. Indeed, I had the honor to give him his first commission, and I was connected with every commission he re ceived at the hands of the National Government. I followed with pleasure his career through this great war, as from battle to battle he became more distinguished and more dear in the hearts of the loyal, people of this great country. Philadelphia honored herself by the great ovation given to the re mains of Gen. Birney. [Cheers,] He had braved bat tles nearly forty times; his companions had fallen by Ms side; Ms regiment, the gallant 23d, raised in this city [intense enthusiasm], had'wasted away ; Ms corps had diminished from the Rapidan to Peters burg, yet his life was spared to fail asleep In the midst of his family; and, aye, he the words of the hero remembered! With expiring breath he re membered the flag, the emblem of national power and liberty, and as his life went out he cried with his latest breath, “Boys, beep your eyes on the flag.” [Great applause.] Remember that Birney said “stand by the flag.” [Renewed applause.] And so General.Birney filled a soldier’s grave. He has Jeit a widow and orphans among you. I have repeatedly recommended to the people of Pennsyl vania the care of the widow and orphans of the sol diers now in this State. Under a law of this Com- monwealth we have a systematic method by which we assist in the nurture and ’education of the desti tute orphans of the soldier. WMle I ask your charity for the orphans of the soldier, I ask the generous,. ■patriotic people of FMladelphla not to forget the SixlittlebMldrenof General Birney. [Greatcheers.] Now, my frieisdß, I have not strength to discuss these views at length, because my voice will not fill this hall. I would like to speak of the strength of the national army, and of the resources of the Union,but I desist. Thanking you for the kind at tention you have shown me, allow me to Introduce to you a soldier—a soldier oi your own city, who has won deserved promotion on many well-contested fields—General Owen, of PMladelpMa. SPEECH OF; GBXEBAJ. OWEJf. General Owen, on coming forward, was re salved ■With tumultuous cheers. He said: Ladies amd Gem tubmen : In what I shall say to you to-night I shall he brief, remembering that I am to be followed by others whom you desire to hear. But, before proceeding further, I must add, to what has just been said by the chairman, my tribute also to the memory of that true soldier and gallant gen tleman who was to-day burled with appropriate honors by his adopted city of Philadelphia. I have had the honor, In the course of this war, of seeing him in the very front of battle, and I but re-echo the reputation he has so well earned by his unflinching personal bravery and his efficiency and skill as a commander, when I say that not In the Army of the Potomac, nor in any other army that has ever been organized upon this broad stage, of earth, has there been a soldier whose Career has 'been Illustrated by nobler achievements, who has 1 in the hour of trial evinced more self possession, skill, and personal daring than David JB. Birney. [Applause.] But he is gone! He sleeps his last Bleep. Ever green be his memory, for he died a soldier in the service of his country; Though he did not fall in battle, as his ardent spirit would have desired, he died, hay ing aearcely taken off the harness, and while utter ing a sentiment that shall often, told and,repeated hereafter, stir to patriotic devotion the sons and daughters of our Republic. [Applause,] I am here to-night, ladies and gentlemen, in the dis charge of a solemn dnty. Since our country has been plunged into: this 1 great and terrible war, we have all learned to choose to do our part and duty, whatever it may be as our duty, and not what maybe desirable to us, nor whataccords best with our wishes, or habits; We have learned In our country’s peril to follow the impulse of duty. And so I am here to night, in obedience to a sense of duty, to assist in advancing a great cause, and especially to speak to you a few truthful words as to the propriety and the necessity of the re-election of Abranam Lincoln. [lmmense applause and three cheers for Lincoln.] It may not bo improper for me to make one remark with respect to my own political position and antecedents. Some of you know I have, all my life, been associated with the Democratic par tyand many of you know that, upon the breaking out of this war, I at once entered the field. Since then I have abstained almost en tirely ifrom thinking upon political snbjects, cer tainly from speaking upon them, for I nave been absorbed in action. - Instead of meditating upon political causes and movements, 1 have, met and struggled with the almost resistless power or ganized by traitors to destroy our Government. [Great applause.] And Ido not think that all our efforts have been a failure; and if Democracy is to day represented by the Chioago platform, lam no longer a Democrat. [Renewed, applause.] Gen tlemen, L am now and ever for the mainte nance of our Government, and our national unity and; perpetuity. I desire and pray for-the preservation of this intelligent, virtuous, mighty, and gallant people as a nation; and I op pose, and shall ever oppose, any man, and any com bination of men, call themselves whatever name they please, who are for the division of this .people floud cheers]: and I shall ever oppose them, gray back or butternut—call them what you will—who even wink at efforts to divide .these &tato3. [Oon tinued applause.] Every such man Is the enemy of all true hearted and intelligent Americans who look af this struggle as they should, from the stand point of patriotism and truth, G It will not, and canriot, be expected of me to say one word against that gentleman who has been put , in nomination for President by the Democratic Convention. I have served under him as my com mantling officer. I respect him as a. man and as a soldier; but I cannot follow him, occupying, his present position, and surrounded by the associates among whom he stands. [Loud cheers.] With all my regard ior him personally, with all my respect for hlB acquisitions and abilities as a soldier and as a, civilian, I find him now in company with which 1 cannot mingle, and adhering, at least impliedly, to doctrines whtoh I firmly believe would load to the disruption of the Republic. Therefore, leav ing him and his company, I turn to those who advocate doctrines conducive to the peace, happiness, and glory of my country. [Great ap plause.] Party affinity Is a very curious thing; ft sometimes produces very curious results. Par ties will exist and will always controlmore or less the destiny of this country, and of all other free coun tries. The Democratic party maintained its ascen dancy and power for a great length of time. It controlled nearly all the several and long held almostuhdisputed the reins of the General Go vernment. I know from long personal experience; that during this prolonged tenure and exercise of political power, the leaders of that party acquired a marvellous skill in the craft :of managing, the, masses of our people and controlling their every action as a nation. Nor did they often in the jear- Uer days nse this power unworthily or unwisely ; and the ‘people generally were justified in their trust in that party by a skill proved by ex perience, and a general adherence to ■ the ftrutns which had been handed down from our Revolu tionary ancestors. The leaders were entitled to our support, and we gave it. For, mind you, the Ameri can people will always maintain that party in power Adwin-t -t;[[[ M'Kftv held bo long, ana acquired suen skui, t hat\l ey forgot the country in the party, and relied skilful management rather than-upon eternal Urin^lffie. ''The leaders became Independent of the Smile-they stood so straight that they began to lean, Sir r rhcv took it for granted that because theyhad ruled so long they would .rule forever; that .they could do whatever they pleased, and still maintain their power with the people. But at last: the sceptre departed. They had been divided at the Charleston Convention; they had been broken up at Balti more. They were then defeated at a great election. The organization remained in the North, strong in numbers, and in the; traditions of the party. Thus they stood at the commencement of this war. But the leadeiß forgot that; they had lost many of their coadjutors, that theyoould no longer.count.on. tne co-operation of the Southern States,that had before covered the true man, the true doctrine, And tne true path. To that path they have adhered, ana they have determined to follow ft, so f f5 thB read the signs given in ihurecent returns ft* StateffiecuSs, andthatAtumore Item the plaute, and oheers for Sheriaan.j have been leaders have now tafore.tto their experience, skill, and o ß "®“™ “ other Fhe admt'ffiltrfttiM tftbttQovemmMtt, and the des- IHE WAR FEEBB, (PUBLISHED WEEKLY.) Th» Wit Prsbb will be tent to mbssribon by nail (per annum In advance) Three coplea, «■■■■:■ -5 OO Flt« coplei* ■■■ —*,*, »■-.., 1.... SOU Ten copies* ... ...« .10 0# Larger Club* then Ten will be charged at (he Mae rete, tLSO per copy. The money must always accompany file order, an* in no instance can these terme he deviated/ram, at they afford very little more than the cost of paper. Oar-Poctmaateri are reaueatedto act aaagent* for Tbb Wax Pkmb, - To the getter-np or the Club often ortvrenty, *l. extra cony of tho Paper will bd given. a ® ’lands of that pa,tty ' fr “°Y nd tie standard. of Abriham UDCOIII. [LiOUu Sl’Ppl3iU?B,l J UT2.T? 'TTfil VM lho leaders of the Democratic party may fully on ■ .iretend this movement, ami he governed bv A j, 'gher sense of duty than the tie or party - tUifc pe, 'tonal bickering may forever aisappear from’ their Jnicj w, and they may begin earnestly amlinteUi genti'V sotoeomblnetheelementßofpowerstiniaour hande so to systematise all the operations of state and cktaeral Government, that we may, through, ' contributed most to their power ; that they were in a decided minority in the North. Believing that success wo'nM always be with them, they instituted a policy tha t could not be sustained in the North, • hoping lo restore their power South and North. ■ At Chicago t.'aey adopted a platform and policy in i' tended to put the party then in power on the defen | slvo, ciose the Jy&T, and, by a grand feat of political i skill, re-establis h their ascendeney In the Govern ' ffient. But they committed a great mistake—amis take which has oil on been made In this country and in Europe. They ' failed to keep their hand on the heart of the, peopled They did not watch the eye 3, the countenances, Lind the voices of the masses. They forgot that In-.the hour of national danger patriotism is not the result of any process of ld«1cal reasoning, but dn untaught Instinct of the human heart; an inborn idea, throbbing in every brain, and governing and coßtrol.'irg men’s every action. When stirred by such »p impulse a man acts promptly, and not by reflection- As a mother’s- ' quick instinct meets danger to her offspring, so, in the hour of perU, the American people l were stirred and : roused, ana at once, by .an instinct stronger turns party ties re solved thsP whetherthe war should be long or short they would never cease to defend the Union,bat would, in spite of treason at home, and enmity abroad, rescue this great land from destruction. Our country is worth better saved? \No country on the face of the globe equafi it in the 'character of the country or the people. Your soldiers, who are’ ’ a part of the people, have Illustrated the national' character by innumerable acta of heroism amid peril and suffering, equal to the brightest recorded 1 in history, which have immortalized so many names. 1 have seen them exhibit courage and. patience so sublime, so firm, that the sol- ' (Her in his plain- blue coat seemed' to rise al most to thefstature of a god. I have ooen faces, quiet and gentle at/home, glow in themoment of - trial with that lolty inspiration of heroism which great painters strive in vain to conceive rad repre sent. In the ranks ol the Army of the Potomac, as I know, and In the armies of the West, as I have heard, are men-the equals of kings and princes. Yes, this is a great country, and, I may say, without any Fourth-oi-July glorification, filled with a great people. Our common schools have spread tatelli- ' genee. Virtue has made us a great people. God' grant that we may be aunited people, increasing in strength, and exerting our power always in favor of tberight. [Applause.], What Is to be done? Ohloago or Baltimore 1 Shallweunitewiththose whoaresup porting our- Government, or sympathize with and assist those who are endeavoring to destroy it ? Who is right 1 Can sensible and honest men de clare ttat this war is a failure 1 Uau a party ride into power on such a falsehood as this 1 This war ~ is a defence of our Government. Thousands of lives have been lost; millions of dollars have been *- • ’ spent; but is it without fruit 1 A. vast territory has been conquered. The flag of the ; Republic has waved In triumph over many a well-tought field. [Applause.] American valor has been tried. ” In so terrible an ordeal, and endnred that ordeal with such glory, that the sons of this country may hold their heads with the proudest of any land. Yet It has all been a. failure! No, my friends, the symptoms of failure in our enemies are too plain. The sound that comes from the Shenandoah Valley - cannot be mistaken. The agonies-of death are already upon the expiring Confederacy.:-It has com menced in the Valley, and will spread to Richmond, andfrom Richmond until it reaches every portion of . the Confederacy. [Applause.] Its fate is sealed. Its doom is at hand, and Is to be announced by ■ thunders belched forth from the captured brass can non from Richmond. [Cheers.] It Is to perish by the bullets of the armies of the Shenandoah and J ames, and the bullets of the great army of the peo ple. [Great applause.] But these gentlemen say we must have the Constitution as it is, and the Union as it was. We Lad all that long ago, before the war, but they were not then satisfied. They de manded that a part of the national territory should be set apart for them and their institution, and - it was done. A line was established south of which slavery was permitted to have full s way ; but they very soon discovered that Northern energy and industry was too inueh for their institution. They asked for a repeal of the old compromise. It was repealed, and we enacted the compromise of ISSO. That compromise had scarcely lulled the pas sions of these people before they clamored tor further legislation, to set all previous acts aside, and give still larger scope to their institution. Andso, with out dwelling upon this subject, they proceeded from one step to another in their demands and threats, until they declared that the election by the people of a man not satisfactory to the South would be considered cause of war. The election o Mr. Lincoln was their sole cause of war. it has been so declared, over and over again—by their ~ prisoners in our hands, by their leaders at home, and is manifest from their public journals. They had the Constitution, ana they raised their hands against it. They had the Union; they attempted, to- destroy it. But these Chicago Democrats pro pose now tb-offer to the South the Constitution as it Is and the Union as it was. The South hah long since spurned such an offer. What then will satisfy them? NothiDg. Davis, their President, says it is not for slavery they are fighting, but indepen dence—that is, the destruction of the Union. Then why offer to make an idle compromise on the subject of slavery because of the war with slavery,as all of us who have been at the front know too well ? And as the cause of the war, Ijfor one, am prepared to see slavery disappear. [Cheers.] I trust that, it will' : soon be made to give up the gho3t; that measures willbe adopted to facilitate that reßuit, and that hereafter we shall be a'united and a/ree people. These politicians are unware of the ohange.of cir cumstances. By the necessary operation of this - war there has been a great development of mecha nicial skill throughout the country, and an exhibi tion not only of. the higher moral qualities of devo tion to a great cause, but the exercise of unprece dented industry and ingenuity from men, women, and ohildren. To these topics I shall not further allude, but I will say that in, the general change ■ of sentiment I have somewhat altered my views, and I find that those who appreciate and . act upon the changed circumstances around us most wisely, are the men of the party in ’ whose support I appear most generally. [Great cheering.] We must support this war; there can be no cessation of hostilities until the rebels, are - brought to their knees. [Renewed cheers.] The national flag in unlmpairea dignity must be every where respected and must wave In triumph over the Republic. [Vociferous cheering.] Every hand that has been raised against the Government must fall in. submission; every tongue that has assailed it must be silenced into obedience. Cessation of hosti lities! lArmistices! Armistice involves a gene ral withdrawal of our troop®. Are you prepared for that,? Without It the South will not listen to you. Will you who have a cause that is right and have possession of the Government, and'have almost destroyed the rebellion, stoop to Eueb -hu miliatibnl? [Applause.] There must be|no armis tice. The only cessation oi hostilities that we can consider is that cessation which will come when there will be no rebels—[Cheers]—when all their armies shall ground their arms, and the leaders shall be hung as high as Haman, [Applause.] Then we can fraternize with the people of the South as those ofyou who have been at the front have often seen the soldiers do between the lines. Bat until then we are in peace friends, in war enemies. They are 1 enemies of their own interests, and when we, have thrashed them soundly they will see that we are , their best friends after all—[laughter]—and the Southern people will bless God that such a race ever existed as the Yankees. [Renewed laughter and applause.] When we shall have rebuilt the fences we have torn down, and shipped them coal to take the place of the wood we have burnt for out armies, and developed the wasting resources of that rich country; they will thank God. Then John-BufiL. and Johnny Crapeau will respect our character and ourpower, and we will respect ourselves. We will . all feel that we have a Government. While . the armies are finishing the rebels at the front, you. must do your duty at home. There should be no half-way work in this. . Treason is as wrong here as . In Vireinia—aiding,a rebel is as bad as-being .a - rebeh Both are fetors- While the soldiers take care of one class, you must take care of the other. The soldiers have a right to ask at least this. These shots fired from the rear wound most cruelly,,and are hardest to bear. I trustthat these guns at home: . willbe spiked. Make them stand away from the Owen continued, with great-force, his appeal to the people to do theta duty at Rome ;as well as the soldiers were doifig theirs in the field, illustrating by some striking reminiscences of bat tle. We regret that want of space compels the omission of the most eloquent portion of his re : He gave place to Major Harry White. After Major White had been introduced by Gov. Curtin, he spoke as follows: - SPEECH OF MAJOR HAItKT WHITS. I thank you, ladles and gentlemen of, Philadel phia, for this kind reception. I assure you .that lately I, have not been aceustpmed to such kmd treatment. It will be proper for me to utter my hearty amen to the tribute rendered to the lamented Birney, and to add to what has been said would be perhaps in me ridiculous excess, but I will drop on his grave a soldier’s tear, knowing that ho is canon- . iZ ihllow- citizens: When I stand before this .bril liant audience I feel as if I had been raised from the lower regions. The change to me is exceedingly agreeable. ' [Daughter.] It seemed to me, when I® was in the Southern Confederacy, I, was nearer pandemonium than I ever expected-to he. While we are here In seeming comfort in aland of plenty, where rations are not always short, it would be peculiarly proper to remember our suffering, lan guishing soldiers in Southern prisons. Lean.do them service by telling you what they have suf fered, hoping it will forward peace and {open, the doors of their prisons—a peace that will result in honor to the flag in the savannas of Georgia ana - in the streets of Philadelphia.—l, have often lis tened to eulogies on behalf of that flag. I;haye listened to many a Fourth-of-July oration, but never, till I got ta the hated custody of the traitors, of the South,- did I know what its. reverence I- am glad to ssq y on - ssmost s?nu. anxious In this practice. You come here, not to hear political dogmas, but because you are anxious, about the salvation of your country. Allow me to say that tho anxiety which you manifest is only equalled by all the conduct or all the people of the Southern states. I-will do them the justice to say 1 that if ever there was .a people anxious and , earned to secure their independence, it is ttL! ?-h_peopl©, aria. I hope tie same earnestness willbe exhitated-by^y . fellow-countrt men of the,North. It seems to have LtTon when "suddenly "my lyesTeregladdenlu ?>v Mn order from my Government directing the exe rtion of two rebel officers-a son of Lee anda son of ! o jipTnl Winder—as soon as It was known that my Bffow-nrSoners were executed. 1,, felt .then that t bad a Government. I want you to understand that t tiavefno ghastly wounds to hold up to excite sym caihy but what I relate is for the purpose of show ing the feelings of this people towards you. The - president of this meeting,:the soldier’B friend, Gov. Curtin, has told you IfelYlnto the enemy’s power on dune 15,1863, and came out of it on October 1, 186*, a period ol sixteen months, long enough for me to test the quality of their corn bread. My occupation, latterly has not been the making of speeches to au diences like this, but the mixing of corn meal ana ■water, and I have gained such efficiency business that I Relieve I could never situation in any culinary department. I _ forget the day I was taken tne Shenandoah, where we w o, a e f™ S o 3 got to Libby we met on our way, but,: in du a* »» tlfy tha Prison- I didn’t see any“"el-tagßhtefc inibun cye, I assure you., l saw o things didn’t dance,and*lfcund that th [ljaU ghter.]; §ou will Sit o/the election In October, 1863, lhad better da-. Shat I could to get out. I played surgeon, and I thought that when they got off I would go off with thru?; I tried that, but. didn’t go far. I disguised myEelf sufficiently to be regarded by their authori ties as a surgeon. I got on theta tt® o ®-®?? 110 9 a J Point, and was again in sight oftheold flag, when I saw a gentleman on shore with a despatch, th ‘ despatch related to Gom fS conduot soofi told mo that I should, have a stfe oonuuot back to Libby. It was fl® I *®. I f te an^i e of mV back, ' and ’ %was anxious that . some “J friends there sliould know, that I 3 j wag wasn’t- put- in with the p££*-Mid<iiOt put in a dungeon. 11 cold day in tha very warm. -It was an exceedingly r(Jtno7o(l by or month of November. I wyflMH7 a tff6a ty-foae der of tho snrgeoa. 1 •
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers