THE FIAi63t4S. IIjiLDIII.IID DAILY (SUEIDAYE4 111"-J01111 W. voinnticY. 041101, 11p. 111 SpITTIk rITRINI SWUM IVIIM DAILY -PitACSS; Timor Gam Paa Wm', payable to the estikilleZt k , Ealiiled to gaheeriberil oat of the City at 811Vgle DohlUlti rex ANNOY: TURES DOLLARS AND FIPTY FOR E . IJER ( WAYNE!: ORE DOLLAR AND SAW NTT -PI VR ablIrTF! FOR tv. RIAVILII43O for the 6119 e OED aer 11.tilartilaissata inserted at the ttattal num No t tines aonstittita a maiitiia. i'enss criu.wialiwt.y..ettmss, e (11 ty loru-DorAduke Mailed to Ilibeeriborm out of 91, ?BR ANNUL b ideenee. JEWELRY, PLATAD WARE, A.m. TWENTY-FIVE PER CENT SAVED 131 t PußdEtAgiNo von VVATCHES, JEWELRY, AND SILVER-PLATED PARE, D. W. C A 11, 'K. S, 002 CHESTNUT t.T Where way be foned a tine aseeltntelet of the following +Goods, at 'Cwenty-Ilve per cent. less the.n at any other rgstablistment 'Gold Watches, Silver Watches, Plated Watches, W American atchse, English. Watches, Swiss Watches, Bracelets, Setts, Pins, Ear Riugr, Flueer Binge, Sleeve Britton% Stnie, Neck Chains, • Otetard Chains. Instating haille, - Pent Chains, Pencils, Thimbles. Pens and Cases. Teeth Picks. Gents' Basont Genie' ;...'5.171 Sua rf •-• Armi , tt, Gh.arms Watel 'W.W.I. Gooks, Watch Bars, Sus, SILYER•PLATED We tit d ine eal:a WCastors, Dinner Castors, - Breakfast Castors, Cake Baskets. Card Baskets. Butter Cooler. ' Sugar . FURS:km(lk • ' Call Bells, Goblets. Cote, Sw.oa Holders, ffapkin }tinge, Syrup Pitchers,- °ream Pitchers. Table and Dessert Spoons, Tea , aad Salt Spouse. „Egg and Mnstard Spoons , Dinner and Tea Forks, Filth and Pie Snives, Tea and Dinuot Knives, Oyster and Sou') Ladies, Kahl and Fork, Butter Knives. ..tc. - One call will convince the most leered pions lb at the `cheeped place in the city to bay Watlite, Jewelry, -and Silver-Plated Ware, 'kat 'D. W. (tl,:t 1110 r, axsTxuT Street. N. Watches and Jewell carefully repaired by the most experienced workmen and warranted. nottl-tden RETAIb DBII t44401.PS FALL TRADE E. M. NElor)L7e.s., 1624 CHESTNUT STREW, Has hut opened a large Mock of New Goods, uomprl• sing all desirable Novelties in hi• line, tn,)st of which .having beenbonght when Gold wee et e low premium - 214, offers considerably below present rafter:et rate.. LACES OF ALL KINDS. Coißum Barba% Collars. fileovet, Hatt's. Veil', CaPee, &0., in all varieties WHITE GOODS. zaconeis, Cambric% bTainsook., SyrissCheoki, 'Said all descriptions of Plain and Faacc Styles. EMBROIDERIES. Collars, Sets, Bands, Flouncing - , Infante Waists And Robes, Edgings and Inseitings an Cambria. Swiss, ,and. Linen; 200 iiiffetinit styles. HANDIKERCIIIIE FS. Plain, Hem-stitched, Embroideree, }teetered, Ruffled. lace, Printed;hordefed, &c., for Ladies, (midis men, and Children. comprising every vttriety, Including litany new styles not heretofore to the market. • - Z. B.—A libefak.d*unt to'itif i K who onrohase to tallagain.,ldikinifieits,CTTY.A.,f,.. And Ohtldrezi'• lllothing no 2-49 Ell NO. 1.12,1% ,Ip'pOTtNER ,OF CHEST N4ft-Xlsti LETITIA. STREETS. NOW °PEW • • 3FTIECS 'Of our own Importation, and Iliannfaotnre HUDSON'S BAN SABLE, ROYAL ERMINE, DARK. SABLE MINK, REAL CHINCHILLA, DARK SIBERIAN bQUIRREL, In every faelionable style, for LADIES, MISSES. AND CHILDERN. FDRS EIDE TO ORDER AT THE frIPARIS FUR EMPORIUM, 940 CHESTNUT STEIN'''. J. W. PROCTOR Bo CO. noB•frmlilm SKIRTS! SKIRTS! SKIRTS! M. A. JONES' OBLIBRAIND NE PLUS ULTRA SKIRT Oa only be tonna at • • 00. 'l7 NORTH EIGATH STREET, PSIMADELPH74., , - OM THI WLX /Mr Mons 'genuine nnietia atamried JONES'. •ltß PIM ULTRA Slan, Sel.l.lleSet - t 7 N. RTGEITTI STRUT. CAMPBELL &- CO., No. 72,7 CHEATNIITStreet, bave just opened a fall assortment of very desirable DRESS GOODS oomorlping— ----- P op li n Reps Hattenne, silk and worsted.. Lupin's extra quality colored Marl noes. -Superfine Quality choice colored Reps. Very heavy Poplin Reps: Extra heavy silk-faced Rena. Together with a variety of midi= Dress Goods Solite. this for Children and Aliases. —ALSO: . each - mire wool broch3 figured Cloaking. Saperfine Velvet Cloth Cloaking, Ribbed Frosted Beaver Cloth Cloaking. 1 Pine and extra superfine scarlet french Cloaking. ' nolfilt lOTTQN NOT KING YET.-I - AM selling LINEN /MEETINGS at prices that ate t e te: and than o e = re Pi l also, h Pillow r t L i;n n t e e n s 4 t of iik 40. a 1 142 tir d 54-inch widths, az as equally low rates. I ha: ye il rge stock of Table Linen; one lot Hand-loom. very avy, at 75c., of various patterns; heavier , at 87gc.; e beet , at $l, two yards wide. One lot Brown Baton at . • good bleached, 1% yards wide, at 75c. Real Berne y:that are heavy and wide, $1 25 and $1 . 54. DoYlies. $1,25 and $1 60 per dozen All Liman Napkins at $1.75; e lot at $2, that are a great bargain. To wets, at $l5O, 75, $2, 132,50. and $3 per dozen—leas than they can be mported for at present.- Nursery Diapering; Bird-eye lr aprons, and a large assortment of Buckabacke by the ' ard, both bleached and half-bleaohed; 0119 lot good a ' asb, at 1230 ; heavy nnseia do.. at all prices . Linen Goodsare advancing, and consumers will save ones by buying aOOll, for they will not . stay at these rises long. . _ OR ANV (LLB B HAINES. nol&- , it- - 6 .- - 1013 MaRFCEr Srrest, ab. Tenth.. 1 INTER DRESS STUFFS. French Poplins. Empress Cloths. Corded Reps. Silk-faced Poplins Rest Plaid Reps. Colored Erkkglenle. • R PLEdE MA BROTHERS, ,ICLOTIES FOR CLOAKS. Velvet Beavers Frosted Beavers. . 7an Colored Plashes. Gray Ho hairs. Black Caet , rs • In great variety. 813 Afi ?LESS B itOTHERS, CHEMIN VT arid RIGHTFI streqts. JAS. R. - O,CAPBELL & 00„ ,No. 721 CUE ,TNUT STREET. 'WYE e attention to their full assortment of SILKS, in all colors andwialities. which they offer, together with a bill lino of DiSHINOE4, REPS. POPLINS, DWAINE% and other desirable DRESS GOODS. at Low PRIORS Also. OPEN-CENTRE LONG and SQUARE BROGUE SHAWLS, in elegant designs. - BLACK THIBET LONG and SQUARE SHAWLS. PLAID WOOLEN SHAWLS, FLANNELS, BLANKETS, and WHETS. LINENS, DAMASKS, NAPKINS. and TOWELS. .IA.OO NETS, SOFT CAMBRIC:9, S WISS MUSLINS, &c. SKIRTINGS and BALMORALS. KID and SWEDE GLOVES. BLEACHED MUSLIMS and CANTON FLANNELS. n012.12t HEAP DRY GOODS. CARPETS OIL 01 OTOS. AND WIND , P;A 1313 ADES. —V. R. ARCHAMBAULT, N. E. corner ELEVENTH and MAR KET Streete, will open THIS 'BORN I NO, (coin Auction, !,'lngritin Carpets. at 97c, 600, 6'2c 76c, 87c. $l.. and $1.26; Entry and Stair Carpels, 26 to 87c; Three-ply Carpets, 2sl 60; Rag and -Hemp Carpets, ii, Si 60. and 82c; Stair Oil Clothe, 25c; Floor Oil Clothe. 45 to 75e; OM Border ed. WlsidoW Shades. 760 to $160 ; Buff and Green Sha -ding, 97 to DRY GOODS AND TRIMMINGS. Sheeting and Shirting Kaoline, 125 to 370; Chintzes, 12 to 2.be ;De Laines, 28 and 31c; Plaid Drees Goode, 91 :to 60c; Poplins 21 to 620; Paramettas apd Alpacas, 31 to Vas Blankets, le to 11112; Marseilles, Law:aster, Oriental, and Allendale nine, 81.15 to $10; Conatbriables,s3 ; Gas alineres, 76c - i.cr 42; Coate' Spool Cotton. 7c; Skirt Braid, .9c: Pins, Sc - Hooks and Eyee . lic ; Palm Soap , Sc; ;ash, 12No Napk ins and Towels, 12 to 37c; Tahiti Linens, 600 to $l.- Flannels. 37 to76c. Wholesale and Retallstero, E. E, corner ELEVENTH 444 / 4 -401Aliti90OI 90213"WaXag.l. " . i 4 . ... • ,- it ~• em 7. . . . • :,.,.; ..,A, - \ l '- 11 . , 4 1 . : 7 1 . / i ''/ P- ,, "-. .',..'. . 4 . ,' N 4 ..,• •. • ~ • ,. y _ . • , '" ' r"- - kfift`eßkl. ~,I,_ . ..-,••,. .....\...., ‘;',,, f t , -...;, it • . ,-.•, _•. :-...... , . ,-....• : • . •..• . ...,.... - -,..! ..._N , , A ..ir(,, , , ,,,, , ~, ~,•-,..-„ .. , - . '' lam * * _ '. ' ..): ......._, ‘,......", , , ,\..........,........., ..f• ;:......„..../ .. ••••7..;.., ,- • ~,,... . .. . 4 ... ~ -- . ... ~-....., r . , l o tr • . :.4-111111111 r' -''''.:.•-•? ..;-.-A";.47:-'2'''-', f .'•-a.;X, - ..:. _.-=---%---- ';', fil ,, , 11 -• ~',.., i ll ),'`.-... - .:- ':' . • ~. _• ~., !is. '''''-"-- 0 1.. - ( 4 . , i11 10 "....-110....- _-,... , : :. , ,..r ~.,,. '.. , -iry-•,Nrs,. ; •, , . WO -•. „__. .. - __, .3_ , :,...._. i, 6 -, f .• --, r. -:-. - -• . - =7.7‘i , :.1,14 ,i _;:--..,' .: ~... . - 1 . '', ! •,4 . 03J! 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Their names were inscribed upon ten pillars erected upon the monumental tumulus which cover. ed their ashes (where, atter six hundred years they_ 'utile°, pi CeiVing tb' Were read by the traveller Paueanias), and although A, CONGRESS OF SOVEREIGNS CALLED BY No eth • • lorps, AT the columns, beneath the hand of barbaric violence _ if tho tat Oe and-time, have long since disappeared, the venerable NAPOLEON. , era New' mound still marks the spot where they fought and fell : Tagus EMPIRO VrtsS. FRIDAY,• NOVEMBER 20, 1868. DIVISION OF THE MISSISSIPPI, THE SITUATION AT CHATTANOOGA, NCERNING GENERAL BURNSIDE'S RESIGNATION. THE ATTACK ON GENERAL BITRNSIDE GENERAL 'SANDERS WOUNDED. KNOXVILLE, NOV. 18.—[Special to the New York Tribune.]—The enemy began skirmishing trom their position on the Kingston road at 10 o'clock this morning. Our advance alone, composed wholly of mounted infantry and cavalry, under command, of General Sanders, commanded the pOSltion, At noon the enemy opened their artillery at short range, their battery being protectedby a large house. - Benjamin's battery replied, occupying the chief fortification, half a mile in front of and to the right Of the town. A desperate charge was made by the enemy about 3P. M. Our then were protected by rail barricades on the crest of the hill. Gen. San ders was severely wounded, and borne from the field. 'We yielded our position and fell bask about a third of a mile to a stronger one. We lost 100, a fourth of whom were killed, The enemy had cont. pletely invested the place, but Gen. Burnaide will defend it to the last man, and it is believed rumness fully. Our troops are in the best spirits. Every important point Is fortified, and confidenire prevails that we shall whip the - enemy out. ORA:TTANOOGA. The Richmond Dispatch of-the 16th instant uses the following language: All eyes are now turned upon this central point of the Confederacy and of the war. It is useless-to deny that the enemy are about to make their su preme effort in that field. They are consolidating there their greatest strength. The flower of their . armies is collected there, with the best of their gene• rain at its head. In numbers, in equipment, inmu nititina of war, all their preparations - aro of the most colossal kind. The stake at issue: warrants the , magnitude of their efforts ; for if they 'are defeated there, the backbone of the war is broken, and all hope of the subjugation of the South banished forever, even from their own mad counsels. If they are suc cessful, the South will be overrun, and it may be many years before we can recover from the nonce. quences. * * * It is an hour of fearful moment. The destinies of this generation, and or generations yet to come, may be involved in this' haute. BIJRNSIDIC. WASHINGTON, Nov. 18.—The truth about Burn. side being relieved is simply this: General Foster was assigned to the command of the 9th army corps several days since, thus relieving Gen. Burnside, but at the same time was granted a fewldays' furlough, which he is improving on a visit to his native State, New Hampshire. General Burnside's resignation trom the army lies over till he visits WashingtOn. Lie is at present ill. FORTRESS MONROE, News from Rebel States. FORTRESS BIONROR, Nov. 19.—The steamer New York, Captain Chisholm, arrived last evening from City Point, with 353 Union prisoners in charge of Major Mulford, flag•of-truse officer. Among them was Mr. Thomas, telegraph operator. The Richmond Enquirer of November 16th 'aye The escape of the notorious Rucker has removed the difilcultiee yegardiug the exchange of surgeons. The Libby prison contains 84 Yankee *surgeons. These will be sent forward at soon as ours, of about an equal number, are received. "Twenty one hundred Yankee prisoners from Richmond have been sent to Danville. "Lynchburg has sent an invitation for several thousand, and they will be sent up this week. " Win. Bateman, of the 2d Tennessee. Artillery, was brought to Castle Thunder, yesterday, to await execution for the crime of desertion from the Con. federate army previous to his joining the Yankee CHARLESTON, Nov. 14.—The fire on Fort Sumpter continues steady.. Battery Gregg opened fire this afternoon on James Island and Fort Moultrie, Fort Lamar and Battery Simpkins replied. There were no casualties reported. The monitors fired a few CreuvresTorr, Nov. 15.—The firing is about the same to-day. From Thursday morning to sundown on Saturday 1,523 mortar shells and rifle shots. Were fired at Fort Sumpter, of which 565 missed. • The enemy's fire hp ceased to be of any injury to the fort. There has been no firing to•day on Tames or Sullivan's Islands. Our batteries continue'to keep up a slow fire on Gregg and the mortar bat tery. ATLANTA, NOV. 13.—A. party of. Georgia State troops and Indians killed the notorious Bryson and 34 of his men .a short time since between Georgia and North Carolina. The Federale hain, removed all their supplies to Knoxville for safety. 'Several deserters, recaptured, were executed here yesterday, - Two "Yankee officers, who deserted and came Into our lines yesterday, report that Grant expects soon to seiault Lookout. His army is on half rations, WILMINGTON, Nov. 16.—A -large warehouse on the wharf, near the custom house, was destroyed by fire last night, with its contents. The loss is heavy, embracing. a considerable amount of cotton, clothing, _and a portion of the ',ergo of the steamship Advance, belonging to the State of North Carolina. Twenty.flve Yankee deserters made their escape from castle Thunder last Saturday: Two of them were recaptured, while making their way to the W. D. - Tigh, who was recently arrested as a spy, was tried by a court martial, and acquitted. FORTRESS MONROE, NOV. 18.—Mr. John Sanborn has been appointed especial provost marshal for this department. Major General Butler, and some of his staff, will . leave this evening for North Carolina. West Virginia. WASHINGTON, Nov. 19.—The following has been received at the headquarters of the'army : CIINBERLARD, rap., N0v.16-6.39 P. M. Brigadier General Cullum, Chief of Staff: General Averill has arrived at New creek. At or near Covington he encountered and. dispersed a portion of Imboden's command on their way to re inforce Echols. He captured twenty-five prisoners in this skirmish. I am happy to inform you that there is not at this time an organized force of rebels within the bounds of the new State of West - Virginia. I also send you a copy of a telegram just received from General Sullivan. - B. F. KELLY, Brigadier General. HARPICR'S EBERT, VS, Nov. 1.8.—T0 Gen. - Kelly: My cavalry, under command of \ Col. Boyd, of the 21st Pennaylvania Oafalry, have returned, having been up the valley to near New Market, fighting 011.1=0re and White's oomminds at Mount Jack son, bringing in twenty.seven prisoners, two corn iffissioned officers, ninety head of cattle, three four horse tehms, besides thirty tents, and all the horses and equipments Of the prisoners. Re destroyed a number of tente and a_quantity of salt. The men aleo helped themselves to a wagon-load of tobacco, about 500 pounds. Our loss wee two men killed, three wounded, and three J. C. SULLIVAN, Brig. General THE WAR IN TEXAS. Nkw YORK, Nov. 19.—The steamer Creole has ar rived from New Orleans, with dates to the 11th inst. Further details from the Teche, relative to the at tack on General Washburne's advance, show that our loss in killed, wounded, and missing, was 677. The 67th Indiana was captured almost entire. The 60th Indiana and 96th Ohio lost heavily. The rebels .outnumtiered our force five to one. We excelled them in artillery, which, at short rauge, is thought to have swept off large numbers of the rebels. It is reported that the lath Army Corps is ordered to Texas, via the Gulf. General Wadsworth and Adjutant General Tho mas have arrived at New Orleans. COntrlbutions Needed for our Starving Soldiers at Ricaniond. BALTESIOII.I2, Nov. 19.—Inteillgence from our pH- Boners at Richmond is most gloomy. No meat had been famished them for twelve days, and prisoners on Belle Isle had actually, killed and eaten dogs to sustain life. • . The supplies forwarded by the Baltimoie Relief Fund are going forward daily, but are not sufficient to feed thirteen thousand men. f shall endeavor to send fifty panels of beef and one hundred barrels of flour to morrow, in full confidence that our citizens will be aided by contributions from New York, Philadelphia, Boston, and Washington. I am send ing provisions in advance of the receipt of funds to pay for them. sso These men must not be permitted to starve. GI-lAS. C. FULTON", Proprietor ,paltimore American. Trial of a Breech-loading Cannon. ruNTOrr, Nov. 19.—We have had a great triumph of American ingenuity to-day. H. F. Pdannis 8-inch breech•loading rifled gun was tried at the proving grounds near this city in the presence of Captain J. H. Upahur, of the navy, and Major T. T. S. L.aidley, of the War Department. The charge Used was 16 pounds Of powder and 100 pounds of elongated shot. • This gun weighs 20,000 pounds, and was manu factured at the Trenton Locomotive Works in this city. No breech.loading cannon of this calibre has ever been made before. The experiment was the most successful ever before made in ordnance. Rumor of a Robbery at the Unlon Bank of New York. MAY YORK, Nov. 39.—A rumor- is current that the Union Bank, of this city, was robbed to.day Of $20,000. The money is said to have been taken from a counter where it had just been placed, in a large package, by a clerk. Postmaster Wakeman is convalescent, the report of hie death, which had obtained currency to-day, ie of course unfounded. IVleetings for Encouraging Volunteering . in Boston. BOSTON ' Nov. 19.-Large and spirited meetings were held in all the wards in Boston last night to encourage volunteering. A committee was ap pointed, and the work will be pursued with energy. \ A similar movement will be made in all the cities tilldtrOrlitikPiliMlit tin State. Au luiportitnt Speech from the Emperor. The newe by the Persia, arrived at New York ytaterday, is to the 13th instant, and the following The Emperor Napoleon has issued letters inviting the sovereigns to a European Congress. Ms speech to the French Legislature le universally discussed. The interpretations differ no widely that while some journals regard it as eminently pacific, others look on it as indicative of war. Some of the- English journals oppose the Congress in relation to Poland, anti ask ti the Emperor really means that war is inevitable without one. The Paris and Lgodon journals are alike at variance in their viesba.of the speech. The Vienna journals agree that the speech Is calculated to create uneasiness. The Faris Bourse . _ was dull, and Renter are quoted at 661. 900. La Frame says that cliplOmatio overtures will follow the Bretch, and a European Congress may be considered as convokrd. A letter from Earl Russell to the British minister in .Russia, datcd Oct. 20th, is published. It says that her Majrsty's Government have no wish to pi along the correspondence for the mere purpose of ountroversy, and says that Russia has special obit gatlons with regard to Poland, and the rights of Poland are contained in the same instrument whic h confeis the title of King of Poland on the Emperor of Ituaoia The pirate Georgia captured, sometime before her arrival at Cherbourg, the ships John Watt, from Maulinain, for Cork, and the Bold Hunter t from Dundee, for Calcutta. It is not stated what she did with there, as she is reported to have boarded up. wards of ninety vesseis . shortly before arriving at Cherbourg, and it is supposed that she made more captures than the above. • The Times Editorially approves the decision of the Court of Exchequer in granting a new trial in the Akaandra case. A. Paris telegram dissuades Liverpool shippers from sending cargoes to Matamoros, the blockade there being effectual. LONDON, Sunday,'Nov. El—Consols closed yester• day, after official hours at 9134091 it ex dividend. A late London paper publishes a memorial from. Gla*gour Emancipation Society to Earl Russell, representing that a vessel similar to the pirate Ala- Ibamba,.iu that harbor, has been just launched by James and George Thomas, reported to be for the purpose of pirating under the rebel flag, having been built under contract for W. S. Lindsay. ;She has gun-ports and all other appliances of a war yeasel, disguised with paint, etc., and that Maffit, of the pirate Florida, is in Glasgow, waiting:to take com mand of her ; and the memorialists implore Earl Russell - to prevent her departure. . . The crew of the American ship Webster mutinied in the Mersey and were taken to prison The shareholders of the Great Eastern have re solved to try and raise sixty thousand pounds and place the vessel on the India or Australian route. Richardson, Spence, Sr. Co. announce their inten tion of running a line of first-class screw steamers from Liverpool to Philadelphia. . The whole charge against Lord Palmerston in re geld to the divorce suit, is ended. The Italian Minister of War has ordered the line of the Volturno to be placed in a state of defence, and the Fortreet of Gaeta to be proviaiontd, THE EMPEROR NAPOLEON'S SPEECH - 1, The Emperor Napoleon's speech, after analyzing the conlaillQn of the Empire, says : • . Certainly, the prosperity Of our country would I him a more rapid course It political preoccupations (Jul rot trouble it but in the life of nations events unforeseen and inevitable arise, which must be met leithout f ear and supported without faltering. Of this are the war in America, the compulsory occupation-of Alexia° and Cochin Ohina, and the insurrection in Poland. Those distant expeditions, . _ the objects of so much criticism, are not the results of premeditated plans. The force of things has hi ought them about, Nevertheless, they are not to be regretted. How, in fact, could we develop our foreign commerce, it, on the one side, we were to re. nounce all influence in America; and if, on the other, in the presence of the immense territories occupied by the Spanish and Dutch, France alone was without possessions in the Asiatic seas? We have conquered in Cochin China a position which, without subject ing us to the difficulties of- a local government, will permit us to make use of the immense resource's of those countries, and civilize them by commerce. In Mexico, after he unexpected resistance, which the courage of our soldiers and sailors surmounted, we have seenthe populations welcome us as libefators. Our eftbrts will not DC in vain, and we shall be large- ly recompensed for Our sacrifices when the destinies of that country, which owes to us its regeneration, shall have been confided to a Prince, whose enlight enment and high qualities render him worthy of, so noble a mission. Let us,"then, have faith in our enterprises beyond the sea commenced - to avenge our honor. They will terminate in the triumph of our interests, end if piejudiced minds do not divine the- fruitfulness enclosed in the germs deposited for the future, let us not tarnish the glory thus acquired at the extre. nudes of the globe, at Pekin, and as at Pekin, so at The Polish insurrection exacts more of explana tion. When the insurrection broke out, the Go• vernments of Rusaia and Prange were on the best of ieltitiens. Since the peace, the great European questions have found them in accord, and I do not neat ate to declare it. During the Italian war, as at the Time of the annexation of the provinces of Nice and Savoy, the Rmpeior lent a most sincere: and cordial support.' That good understanding demanded !scrupulous care, and I must have believed the Polish saute very pi pular in France, not to hesitate to compromise one cd the first alliances on the continent, and to vase my voice in favor of a nation rebellious in the eyes of Russia, but in our eyes the heir of a right inscribed in history and in treaties. Nevertheless, that question touched the gravest interests. It,could not be treated in isolation by France, An offence to our honor or a menace against our frontier would alone impose on us the duty of action without pre liminary concert. It becomes, therefore neceasary, as at the epoch of the events in the East and in Syne, to come to an understanding with the Powers which had reasons and rights On which to pronounce similar opinions to our own, The Polish Dunne°. tioc , on which its endurance imprinted a national character, awakened sympathies everywhere, and the object of diplomacy was to attract to that cause the greatest possible number of adhesions. Unhappily our disinterested counsels have been interpreted as an intimation of the steps of Eng lam?, Austria, and France. In place of checking the tlliggie, it has done nothing but embitter it. On born sides are committed excesses which, in the name of humanity, we must equally deplore. What, then, remains to be done? Are we reduced to the sole alternatives of war or silence I Not Without rushing to arms, and without remaining silent, me ens are left to us ; that is, to submit the Polish cause to an European tribunal. Russia has al ready declared that conferences in which all other questions now agitating Europe should be debated, would in nowise wound her dig nity, Let .us note the fact. Upon this decia ration let it serve as to extinguish at once, for all, the fermentiega of discord which are ready to burst out on all sides and out of the very maladies of Europe, agitated everywhere by the elements of dissolution. Let a new era of order' and peace be born. Has not the moment come for a reconstruc tem on a new basis of the edifice shaken by time and destroyed by bitter revolutions? Is it not ur gent to recognize by our conventions that which the peace of the world demands As for treaties, the forte oi things has overthrown them, or tends to overthrow them almost everywhere. They have been violated in Greece, Belgium, France, and Italy. Germany, on the Danube, is endeavoring to change them. England has generally modified them by cell. aloes of the lonian reloads, and Russia tramples them under foot in Warsaiv. In the midst of these excessive violations of the fundamental European pact, ardent passions have been excited, and in the South as in the North powerful interests demand a solution. What,. then, more legitimate or more !enable than to invite the Powers of Europe to a Oongress in which sell-interests and resistance would disappear be fore a supreme arbitration? What more Con formable to the ideas of the ,epooh, to the will of- the greater number—than to speak in the consciences and reason of statesmen of every country, and say to them;: "Have not the ejudicee and rancor which divide us lasted long enough? Shall a, jealous rivalry of the Great Powers= unceasingly impede the pro wess of civilization? Are we still -to maintain mutual distrust by exaggerated armaments? Must our most precious resources be indefinitely exhaust ed in vain display of forces? !dust we eternally maintain a condition of things which•ia neither epeace, with its security, nor war, with its chances of success I Let us no longer attach a fictitious im portance to the eubveraive spirit of extreme parties ey opposing ourselves, on narrow- calculations,; to the legitimate aspirations of the people. Let us have the courage to substitute for a sickly and precarious condition :of things a situation solid and regular, even should it cost us notifies's. Letus assem ble;without preconceived systems, without exclu sive =bitten, animated alone by, the thought of' establishing an order of things founded for the future on The well-understood interests of sovereigns and of the people.". This appeal, I am happy to be lieve, will be listened to by all. A refusal would suggest the existence of secret projects which shun ned the light. But even should the proposal be unanimously agteed to, it would produce the im• mense advantage of having pointed out to Europe where the danger lies and where safety. Two paths ale open—one conducts to progress by conciliation and peace; the other sooner or later leads fatally to war, from obstinacy in maintaining a course which is sinking beneath the feet. You know now, gen tlemen, the language which I propose to, hold to wards Europe. Approved by you and sanctioned by the public consent, it jaannot fail to be listened to, since I speak in the name of Prance. WARLIKE PREPARATIONS IN RUSSIA The following highly important hots-Concerning the military preparations and warlike spirit of Rug sic, the New York Times has privately received from a perft idly authentic source. The letter from which they are taken is under date of ST PETERSBURG, Russia, Oct. 30, 1863. The war preparations continuo here upon a scale unprecedented in the history of Russia An immune recruitment hasbeen ordered through out the empire. ' Very large earthworks and stone forts have been constructed at this place, Oronstadt, Helsingfore,• iborg, and other places. The old granite forts at Oronstadt are to be covered with 12-inch rolled• iron plates. Ten or twelve monitors, and two or three iron el ads cf a 'different construction, have been ordered, anti will be ready for sea in May or June next. Large quantities of cannon, and' shot, and shell, have been ordered-from England, and will come over lard durirg the winter. All the Government shops arebeing enlarged, and every effort is making to render Russia independent Of other countries in war material, as she is already in food and clothing for her armies, On the Brat appearance of the war cloud, the Rus sians dreaded it very much, although they were -de termined to Co their utmost to sustain the Emperor, if it came to that. ,Now, however, the feeling has entirely changed, and they do not dread it at all. In fact, I think they rather court It than otherwise. Alexander's popularity is immense, and increas ing every day. He is now visiting the southern. portion of his empire, but is expected to return to St. Petersburg in a few days. . -P. S.—The wer news from home makes us very. gloomy, yet we hope it is colored by passing through English channels. We always find things represent ed as had as they are, and generally a greed deal worse. The defeat of Vallandigharn and Woodward is glorious. God grant us success in the remaining elections. A SLATMER ON ME. LINCOLN REFUTED.—The remark said to have been ascribed to President Lin coln by Wendell Phillips, to the effect that ""the greatest folly of his life was the issuing of the eman cipation proclamation." out of which such Copper head journals as the World and the National Intelli, moor are attempting to make political capital, is emphatically pronounced, in high quarters, to be altogether untrue. THE Buffalo Commercial Advertiser sayrtirat nsue'i excitement prevailed, and considerable apprehe sion was manifested at Suspension Bridge, on Su 1.• day afternoon, in consequence of the assem b ling of ei large crowd of persons, numbering some three hua dred, on the Crusade side, who manifested a most riotous and disorderly spirit. They threatened to take possession of the bridge, cross to this side, aad destroy the railroad property there. Subsequently the authorities on each side olosedthe gates of the Ottdices itil4 %1 glQTadingill9l4 Dedication of the National Cemetery on the Nineteenth of November, 1863. DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF THE BATTLES OF JULY. .THE ORATION OP THE HON, EDWARD EVERETT. 9013.0 13exttic:•••Vtio1ciL 1%151 it 1 TEE PRESIDENT'S TOUR ( FROM WASHINGTON TO GETTYSBURG. The Governors' Departure from Tiarrisburg THE DIRGE FOR OUR DEAD HEROES The Scenes on the Battle Ground. ADDRESS BY TIIE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES. Speeches of the Secretary of State, Governor Curtin, Mr, John W. -Forney, and Otheis. Incidents of the Celebration—The Assem , blage of People- - -The Veteran Sol. diers—The Arrangements for the Cemetery. _Prayer by the Pheiiias r3E. Sto olctox. "&c. Yesterday the National Cemetery at Gettysburg prepared for the interment of the remains of the Federal isOldiera who fell in the battles of the let, 2d and 3d of Yuly, was formally consecrated, In the pre. eence of an immense concourse of people, gathered from all parts of the Union, of the President, the Governors of the loyal Stales, and many (Hain guished representatives of the army, navy, clergy, and the liberal professions. In the following co lumns our readers will find a full account of the cere monies, and scenes on the battle-ground and the cemetery, the oration of Hon, Edward Everett, the address of the President, and other docufnents which illustrate the history of the battles. Gen. Meade's report we append, as its subjebt is intimately con. nested with the national interest of the consedre lion THE BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG- OFFICIAL REPORT OF GENERAL ➢IEADE HEADQVARTERS ARMY OF THE; POTOMAC, October 1, 1863. GENERAL : I have the honor to submit herewith a report of the operations of this army during the month of July, including details of the battle of Gettysburg, which have been delayed by failure to receive the reports of the several corps and division commanders, who were severely wounded in battle. On the 28th of June I received orders from the Pre- aiitent placing me in command of the Army of the Potomac. The situation of affairs was briefly as The Confederate army, which was commanded by General Robert E. Lee, was estimated at over one I;uMired thousand strong. All that army had crossed the Potomac river and advanced up the Cumberland Valley, Reliable intelligence. placed his advance thus: EwelPs corps on the Susquehanna, Harris burg, and Columbia; Longstreet , s corps at Oham. reburg, and Hill's corps between that place and Oashtown. . - The 28th of June was spent in ascertaining the positions and strength of the different corps of the army, but principally in bringing up the cavalry which had been covering the rear of the army in its passage over the Potomac, and to which a large-in crease had just been.rnadefrom the forces previously attached to the defenses of Washington. Orders were given on this day to Major General French, commanding at H.arper's Ferry, to move with seven thousand men-to- occupy Frederick and the line of, the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, with the balance of the force, estimated at lour thomsand, to remove and escort public property to Wash. Ireton. • On the Seth the army was put in motion, and on the evening of that. day it was in position, the left at Eromettaburg, and the right at New Windeor. Bufor d'a division of cavalry was on the left flank, with his advance at Gettysburg. ,' • Kilpatrick's division was in the front - at ILanover, where he encountered this day General Stuart's Confederate cavalry, which had crossed the Poto mac at Seneca creek, and, passing our right flank, was making its way toward Carlisle, having escaped G, egg's division, which was delayed in taking posh, tion on the right flank, by the occupation of the roads by a column of infantry. On the 30th the light flank of the army was moved up to Manchester, the left still being at Emmett& burg, or in that vicinity, at which place three corps, fat, 11th, and 3d, were collected under the orders of Major General Reynolds, General Buford having reported from Gettysburg the appearance of, the enemy on the Cashtown road in some force; General Reynolds was directed to occupy Gettysburg. On reaching that place on theist day of July, General Reynolds found Buford'a cavalry warmly engaged with the enemy, who had debouched his infantry through the mountains on Cashtown, but was being held in check in the mostgallent manner by,Butord'e cavalry. Major General Reynolds im mediately moved round the town of Gettysburg, and advanced•on the Cashtown road, and without a mo ment's hesitation deployed his advanced division and attacked the enemy, at the same time sending or ders for the 11th Corps, General Howard, toadvenoe as promptly as possible. ' Soon after making his dispositions for attack, Ma jor. General Reynolds fell mortally wounded, the command of the Ist Corps devolving on Major Gene ral Doubleday, and the command of the field on Has jar General Howard, who arrived about •this time (11.30 A. M.) with the llth Corps, then commanded by Major General Schurz. Major General Reward pushed forward two divisions of-the- 11th Corps to support the Ist Corps, now warmly engaged with the enemy, on a ridge to the- north- of the town, and posted his 3d division with three batteries of-artil lery, on the Cemeteriridge, on the south side of the town. Up to this time the battle had been with the forces of the enemy debouching from the mountains_ on the Cashtown road, known to be Hill's corps. In the early part of the action the auccess,was on the enemy's side. Wadsworth's division of the let Corps having driven the enemy blickeome distance, capturing numerous prisoners; among their:, Gen. Archer, of the Confederate army. =_ The arrival of reinforcements to the enemy.on the Caehtown rdad, and the junction of Ewell's - Corps coming in on the York and,Harrisburg roads, which ' occurred between 1 and 2 o'clock P. M., enabled the enemy to bring vastly superior forces against both the let and llth Corps, outflanking our 'line of • bat tie, andpleasing it so severely that about 4 o'clock P. M. Major'Gen. Howard deemed it prudent tO :withdraw these two corps to the Cemetery ridge, on the south side of the town, which operation was successfully accomplished ; not, however, without . considerable loss in prisoners, arising from the con fusion incident to portions of both corps passing through the town, and the men getting confused in the streets. About the time of the withdrawal, Major Gen. Hancock arrived, whom I 'had - de spatched to represent me on the feld, on hearing of the death of Gen. Reynolds. ' In conjunction with Major Gen. Howard, Gen. Hancock, proceeded to post the troops en Cemetery Ridge`, and - to repel an attack that the enemy made omour right Rank. This attack' was not, hoWever, very vigorous ; the enemy seeing the strength of-the pcsition occupied, seemed to •be satisfied with the -success he had accomplished, desisting from any fur ther attack this day. , About 7 - o'clock P. M. Major Gene, Slocuin and Sickles ' with the 12th Corps, and a part of the 3d, reached the ground, and took post on the right and left of the treMpa previously posted. Being satisfied, • from reports received from the field, that it was the, intention of the enemy to support with his whole army .the attack already made, and reports from Major Generals-Hancock and Howard on the charm. ter of the position being favorable,l determined to ' F give battle at -this point; and early in. the evening ;lint issued orders to all corps to concentrate at-Get tyikurg, directing all trains to be sent to the rear at. Westminster, at it P. M. Ist. ' I broke up my headquarters, which till then had • been - at •Taneytown, and proceeded to the field, ar. riving there at 1 A.M. of the 2d. So soon as it was light I proceeded to inspect the position occupied, and to make arrangements for posting several corps • as they should reach the ground. I By 7:A. M. the 2d and sth Corps, with the rent, of,l the 3d, had reached the ground, and were posted' as follows : The 11th Corps retained its position on Cemetery Ridge, just opposite to the town;-the fat Corps was posted on the right ; the llth on an ele. voted kr 01l connecting with the ridge and extending to the south and east, on which the 12th Corps was placed, the right of the 12th Corps resting on a small stream: at a point , where it crossed the Baltimore pike, and which formed on theright flank of the 12th something of an obstacle. ' • Cemetery Ridge extended in a westerly and south erly direction, gradually* diminishing in elevation till it came to a very prominent ridge called " Round Top," running east and west. The 2d and 3d Corps were directed to occupy the continuation of •Ceme tery. Ridge on the left of -the 11th' Corps and sth Corps; pending their arrival the 6th Corps was held in reserve. While these dtspolitions were being made the enemy was massing his troops on an ex terior ridge, distant from the line occupied by us from a mile to's mile and a hall. At 2 P. M. the 6th Corps arrived, after a march of thirty-two miles, which was accomplished from 9 P. M. of the day previona. On its arrival being re ported I immediately directed the sth Corps to move over to our extreme, left, and the 6th to occupy, its place as a reserve for the right. - About 3 P. M., I rode out to the extreme left to await the arrival of the 6th Corps arid post it, when I found that Major General Sickles, commanding the 3d Corps, nottully apprehending my instructions in regard to the position to be occupied, had vanced, or rather was in the act of advancing, his corps some half mile or three quarters of a mite in, the front of the line of the 2d Corps on a prolon gation on which it was designed- his corps should rest._Hving 'found Major ; General - Sickels, I was - . plaining - to him that he was too far in the advance, and discussing with him the propriety of withdraw ing, when the enemy opened upon him with several batteries in his front and flank, and immediately brought forward columns of infantry, and 'made a vigorous assault. The 3d Carps sustained the shook most heroically. Troops from the 2d Corps were im mediately sent by Major General Hancock to cover the right flank of the..3d Corps, and 100/1 after the assault commenced. The 6th Corps, most fortunately, arrived and took a position on the left of the ad, Major General Sykes, commanding, immediately sending a force to. occupy "Round Top , ' Ridge, where a most furious contest was maintained, the enemy making despe7 rate but unsuccessful efforts to secure it. Notwith standing the stubborn resistance of the 311 Corps, under Major General Birney (Major General Sickles having been .wounded early in cthe action), wipe iii)Tity citualorp ,vi corps ?tway cabling him to outflank its adv • ced position, General Bit , ney was counselled to • back aratreform behind the line originally dent d to be held. In the meantime, pit solving the great exertions of the enemy, the 6th orps, Major General Sedg wick, and part of the let Corps, to which I had assigned Major-Genera Newton, particularly Lock wood's Maryland Brigitte, together with detach ments from the 2d Cotps, were all brought up . at different periods, and aSSeeeded, together with a gal lant resistance of th,fith Corps, in checking, and, finally, repulsing the assault of the enemy, who re tired in confusion mud disorder about sunset, and ceseed any further effOrts on our extreme left. An assault wee, thovever, made about eight P. 111,, on the 11th CorpS. frohi the left of the town, which was repelled with theassistance of troops from the, '2d and Ist Corps. During the heavy assault ; upon. our extreme left, portions of the 12th Corps were sent as reinforcements, - During their absence the line on the extreme right was held by a very much reduced fork, Tdis was taken advantage of by the enemy, w'!o, during the absence of Genri'a division of the 12th Corps, ad vanced and occupied part of the line. On the Moruineof the third, Gem Gerity having rbturned during the night, attacked at early dawn the enemy,7and succeeded in driving him back and reoccupying his former position. A spirited contest was maintained all the morning along this part of the line. Gen: Geary, reinforced by WheatoWs brigade of the 6th Corps, maintained hie position and inflicted very. severe lessee on the enemy. With this exception, our lines remained undis turbed till I P. NC, on the 3d, when the enemy opened from over 125 guns, playing upon our centre and Mt. The cannonade continued for over two hours, when our guns. Tailing to make any reply, the enemy ceased firing ;-` and soon his masses of infantry became eigilfiejorintag for as assault on our left and left centre..,-,, , ,,;^ . An assault was madewitirgreat firmness, directed principally against the -pnitit'ocoupled.try the 2nd Corps, and was repelled with equal fleetness by the troops of that corps, supported by Doubledey's di vision and Stannard's brigade of the Ist Corps. During this assault, both Iffejor General Hancock, commanding the left centre, add Brigadier General Gibson, commanding the 2nd Corps, were se verely wounded., This terminated the battle, the enemy retiring to his lines, leaving the field strewed with his dead and wounded, and numerous prisoners ,our hands. BefOrd's division of cavalry, after its arduous ser vice at Gettysburg on the first, was ,trri the second sent to Westminster, to refit and gtiard our trains. Ifilpatrick's division, that on the 29th, Sell:t r end Ist had been successfully engaging the tnemy's cavalry, was, on the 3d, sent on our extreme , left, ou the Em rnetteburg road, where good servicewao rendered in assaulting the enemy's line, and occupying his at tention. At the same time, Gen. Gregg was engaged with the enemy on our ettreme right, having passed amass the Baltimore pike and Bonaughtown .roads, and boldly attacked the enemy's left and rear. On the morning of the 4th the reconnOissances developed that the enemy had drawn back hie left flank, but maintained his position in front;of our left, spew. rentiy assuming a. new line — parallei to the moue :On the morning - of the 6th it was ascertained that the enemy was in full retreat by the Fairfield and Cashtown roads. The 6th Corps was immediately cent in pursuit on the Fairfield road, and the caval ry on the Caehtown road, and by Emmettsburg and Montery paws. The 6th and 6th of July were em ployed in succoring the wounded and burying the dead. Mrjor General Sedgwick, commanding the 6th Corps, having pushed on in pursuit of the enemy as far as Fairfield Pass in the Mountains, and report ing that pass as very strong. and one in which a small force of the enemy could bold in Cheek and delay considerable time any pursuing force, rdeter mined to follow the enemy by a flank movement, and accordingly, leaving Ivlclntegh's brigade of ca valry and Neill's brigade of infantry to continue harassing the enemy, I put the army in motion for Middletown, Md. Orders were immediately sent to Major General French, at Frederick, to re-occupy Harper's Ferry, and to send a 'force to occupy Turner's Pass, in South Mountain. I subsequently, ascertained that Major General French had not only anticipated these orders, in part, but Had pushed his cavalry force to Williamsport - and Falling Waters, where they destroyed the enemy's pontoon bridge and cap tured its guard. Buford was at the same time sent to Williamsport and Hagerstown. The duty above assigned to the cavalrywas most successfully accomplished, the enemy being greatly' harraesed, his trains destroyed, and many captures in guns and prisoners made. After halting n day at Middletown to procure neifeseary supplies and to bring up trains, the army moved through South. Mountain, and by the 12th of July was in front of the enemy, who occupied a strong position on the :heights of Marsh Run, in advance of Williamsport . In taking this position several skirmishes and affairs had been had with the enemy, principally by cavalry from the 11th and 6th corps. The 13th was ...engaged in making reconnoissances of the enemy's position and preparations for attack, but on advanc ing on the morning of the 14th, it was ascertained that he had retired the night previous by a bridge at Falling Waters and a ford at Williamsport. The cavalry inrpureuit overtook the rear guard at Falling Waters, capturing two guns and numerous prisoners, Previous to the retreat of the enemy, Gregg's division of cavalry had crossed at Harper's Ferry, and coming up with the rear of the enemy at Charlestown and 'heperdetown, had a spirited -con test, in which the enemy were driven to Martins- Wit and Wincheater, and pressed and harassed in hie retreat. - Pursuit-wins`'resumed-Wa~flankmovement of the army, crossing the POtomao at Berlin, and moving down Louder= valley. Cavalry were immediately pushed into - several passes of the Blue Ridge, and having learned from Scouts of the withdrawal of the Cenfederate army from the lower valley of the She nandoah, the 3d Corps, Major General French, in advance, was moved into Manassas Gap, in the hope of being able to intercept a portion of the enemy. The possession of the Gap was disputed eo success fully as to enable the rear guard to withdraw by way of StrasbUrg, the Confederate army retiring to the Rapidan. Position was taken with thisar my on the line of the Rappahannock, and the campaign termi nated about the close of July. The result of the campaign may be briefly stated, in the defeat of the enemy at Gettysburg, their come Pulsor3r evacuation of Penneylvania and Maryland, and withdrawal from the upper valley.of the Shenan doah, and the capture of 3 guns, 41 standards, and 13,621 prisoners; 24,918 small arms were collected on the battle-field. Our own losses, were very severe, amounting, as will be seen by the accompanying return, to 2,834 killed, 13,109 wounded, and 6,643 missing; in all 23 186. It is impossible; in a report of this nature, to enu merate all the instances of gallantry and good con ' duct which distinguished our success on the hard fought field of Gettysburg. The reports of corps commanders and their subordinates, herewith sub mitted, will furnish all information upon this subject. I will only add my tribute to the heroic bravery of the whole army, officers and men, which, under the blessings of Divine Providence, enabled the crown ing victory to be obtained, which -I feel confident the country will never Cease to bear in greatful re membrance. ' It-is my duty, as well as my pleasure, to call atten tion to the can efforts and co-operation on-the part'of Major General D. N. Couch,. commanding the Department of the Susquehanna, and partioular ly to hie advance of four thousand men'under Briga dier General-W.F. Smith,who joined me at Booms bore', just prior to the withdrawal of the Confede rate army. . ' - In conclusion, I desire„to return my thanks to my staff, general and personal. to each and all of whom I was indebted for unremitting activity and most efficient Aseletiume. 'Very respectfully your oho• dient servant. ' GEORGE G. MEADE, Major General Commanding. Brigadier General L. THOMA.S, Adjutant General U. S. A., Washington, D C. „ THE PLAN OF THE CEMETERY The. ground_ for the cemetery was bought by the State of Pennsylvania, and each State represented in the battles hal been presented with a special lot, of size proportioned to the number of its dead sol diers. These Stites are: NeVork, Pennsylvania, Mama/meta, Ohio, Michigan, Maine, Indiana, Maryland, Connecticut, Wisconsin, Illinois, Minne sota, New Jers4', Vermont, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, Delaware, and Virginia. The largest lot is the property.of New York, the next that of Penn sylvania. But because the number of the slain whose names and regiments could not be ascertained, is very large, two large lots have been placed for these nameless. soldiers; upon whose 'monument will be• the simple inscription "Unknown. ,, ' The Cemetery is situated on the`west side of- the Baltimore turn pike, adjoining the Gettysburg Cemetery. It was here that, on thOd and 3d of July, the battle was fiercest, and the invasion beaten back. In the centre the monument will stand. The bodies are placed in rows, and at the head of each grave the name,' corn pang, and regimentof the dead, will be cut in marble. MR.. EVERETT'S ADDRESS. Mr: Everettts address was furnished in proof sheets from the office of the Boston Advertiser - yes terday afternoon. We introduce it here, out of its proper place in the, record of the proceedings, bee cause of its extremelength and the late hour at Which . olir special deports of the dedication reach the city, It needa neither compliment nor introduc tion ; it is complete and perfect, and while ,ap propriate -to the r olemyi occasion, is not, con fined merely to the battle or the- ceremony. Its eliiquent and thoughtful author has used this great opportunity'to pronounce not only a beau . trial tribute to the Memories of the soldiers who fell , at;gettyaburg,,but to the justice of our cause, the dignity of the Government, and the loyal purpose Of the millions of American freemen he addresses. Bus oration is necesirttrily eloquent, but it has the . , higher value of amasterly analysis of the principles of our Republic and the methods of its preservation. Mr. Everett has added a new lustre to our literature in this, one of the noblest of his intellectual achieve ments!: -- It was appointed by law in Athens, that the obse • quies of the citizens who fell in battle should be per formed at the public expense, and in the moat hono rable manner. Their bones were carefully gathered up from tlhe funeralpyre, where their bodies were consumed, and brought home to the city. There, for three days before -the interment, they lay in state, beneath tents of honoreto receive the votive offer ings of friends and relatives—ilowers, weapons, pre cious ornaments, painted vases, (wonders or art, which after two thousand years adorn- the museums of modern Europe)-the last tributes of surviving affection. Ten coffins of funereal cypress received the honorable deposit, one for each of the tribes of the City, and an eleventh in memory of the unrecognized, but not therefore unhonored, dead, and of those whose remains could not be recovered. On the fourth day the mournful procession was formed;.mothers, wives, sisters, daughters, led the way, and to them it was permitted by the simplicity of ancient man. nets to utter aloud their lamentations for the be-, - loved and the lost; the male relatives of the ddcess-. ed followed ; citizen's and strangers closed the train: Thus marshalled they moved to the, place of inter went in that famous Oeramicus, the moat beautiful suburb of Athens, which had been adorned by 01- m OD, the son of Miltlades, with walks and fountains, and columns ; whose groves were filled with altars{ shrines, and temples; whose gardens were ever gl een with streams from the neighboring hills, and shaded with the trees sacred to Minerva, and coeval with the foundation of the city ; whose circuit-en closed " the Cive grove of academe , Plate's retirement; where the attic bird Trilled his thick-warbled note the long; whose pathways gleamed with the monuments of the Illustrious -dead, the work of the most consummate masters that ever gave life to marble. There,be heath the. overarching plane • trees, upon a ofty stage, erected. for , the , purpose; Await ordained by law that a funeral oration should be pronounced by some citizen of Athens, •in the presence of the as ,aembled multitude. ' Such were the tokentrof respect required by law to be paid at Athens, to the memory of those who bad fallin in the cause of their country. To those alone who fell at Marathon, a peculiar honor was reserved. As the battle fought upon that immortal &id •was distinguished from all others in Grecian history, for its influence over the fortunes of Hellas, as it depended upon the event of that day whether Greece should live, a glory and alight to all corning ;time, or should 'expire, like the meteor of a mo ment ; so the honors awarded to its martyr-heroes ;were such as were bestowed by Athens on no other occasion. They alone of all her sons were entombed molt the 'pot w/4ell WY 04 Rom teittlexel ter "That battle-field, where Persitt'e victim horde First bowed beneath the brant of Belles' e word." And shall I, fellow-citizens,-who, after an interval Of twenty-three centuries, a youthful pilgrim from a wont; unknown to ancient Greece, have wandered over that illustrious plain, ready to put off the shoes froin army feet, as oneirt stands on holy grounda n have gazed with ape 1 emotion on the mound which still protects the mains of those who rolled back the tide of Persian invasion, and rescued the land of popular liberty, of letters, and arts from the ruthless foe, stand unmoved overthe graves of our dear brethren, who but yesterday—on three of those all-important days which decide a nation's histo ry—days on whose issue it depended whether this august republican Union, founded by some of the wisest statesmen %list ever lived, cemented with the blood of some of the purest patriots that ever died, should periah or endure—rolled back the tide of an invasion, not less] unprovoked, not less ruthless, than that which came to plant.-the-dark banner of Asiatic despotism and slavery on the free soil of Greece? Heaven for bid I And could 1 provost/ in sensible to every prompting of patrioticduty and af fection, not only would you, fellow-citizens, gather ed many of you from distant States, who have come to take part In these pious offices of gratitude , -you, respected fathers, brethren, matrons, sisters, who surround me, cry out for shame, but the forms of' brave and patriotic men who fill these hinored graves would heave with indignation beneath the sod. We have assembled, friends, fellow-eitiZens e at - the invitation of the Executive of the great Central State of Pennsylvania, seconded by the Governors of eighteen other loyal States of the Union, - to pay the last tribute of respect to the brave men, who, in the hard-fought battles of the Ist, 2d, and lid days of July last, laid down their lives for the country on these hill-aides and the plains spread out before us, and whose remains have been gathered into the cemetery which we consecrate this day. As my eye ranger over the fields whose sods were so lately moistened by the blood of gallant and loyal men, I feel, as never before, how truly it was said of old that it is sweet and becoming to die for one's country. I feel, as never before, how justly, from the dawn of history to the present time, men have paid the homage of their gratitude and admiration to the memory of those who nobly sacrifice their lives that their fellow-men may live du safety. And if this tribute were ever due, when—to whom—could it be more justly paid, than to those whose last rest ing place we this day commend to the blessing of leaven-and of men. For consider, my friends, what would have been the conaequences to the country, to yourselves, - and to all you` bold dear, if those who' sleep beneath our feet, and their gallant comrades who survive to serve their country on other fields of danger, had failed in their duty on those memorable days. Con sider what, at this moment, would - be the coeditton of the United Stator, if that noble Army of the Po tomac, instead of gallantly and for the second time beating back the tide of invasion from Maryland and Pennsylvania, had been itself driven from tbeae well. contested heights; thrown back in confusion on Baltimore ; or trampled down, discomfited, scat• tered to the four winds. What, under the drown. stances, would not have been the fate of the Monu mental City, of Harrieburg, of Philadelphia, of Wasbington—the Capital' of the - Union, each and every One of which would have 'lain at the mercy of the enemy, accordingly as it might have pleased him, spurred only by passion, flushed with victory, and confident of continued success, to direct his course? ' For this we must bear in mind, it is one of the great lessons of the war, indeed of every - war,.that it is impossible for a people without military or ganization, inhabiting the cities, towns, and villages of an open country, including, of course, the natural proportion of norecombatants of eitoer sex and of every age, to withstand the inroad of a veteran al my. Wb at defence can be made by the inhabi tants of villages mostly built of wood, of cities un protected by walls; nay, by a population of men, however high-toned and resolute, whose aged pa tenth demand their care, whose wives and children are clustering about them, against the charge of the war horse whose neck is clothed with thunder; against flying artillery, and batteries of rifled can non planted on every commanding eminence ,• against the onset of trained veterans led by skilful -chiefs? No, my friends, army must be met by armr; battery by battery ; squadron by squadron ; and the shook of organized thousands must be en countered by the firm breasts and valiant arms of other thousands, as well organized and as skilfully led. It is no reproach, therefore, to the unarmed population of the country to say, that we owe it to the brave men who sleep in their beds of honor 'be fore us and their gallant surviving associates, not merely that your fertile fields, my friends of Penn sylvania and Maryland, were redeemel from the presence of the invader, but that your beautiful capitals were not given up to threatened plunder, perhaps laid in ashes—Washington seized by the enemy, and a blow struck at the heart-of the nation. Who that hears me has forgotten the thrill of joy that - ran through the country on the 4th of July— auspicious day for the glorious tidings, and rendered still more aceby the simultaneous fail of Vicksburg, when the telegraph flashed through the land the as surance-from the President of the United States that the Army of the Potomac, under General Meade, had again smitten the invader? Sure I am Ahate the anriptions 'of praise that rose to Heaven from twenty millions of freemen, with the acknowledgments that breathed from patriotic lips throughout the length and breadth of America to the surviving officers and men who had rendered the country this inestimableservice, there beat in every loyal bosom a throb of tender and sorrowful grati tude to the martyrs who had fallen on the sternly contested field. Leta nation's fervent thanks make some amends for the toils and sufferings of those who survive. Would that the heartfelt tribute could penetrate these honored graves ! In order that we may comprehend, to their full extent, our obligations to the martyrs and surviving heroes of the Army of the Potomac, let us contem plate for a few momenta, my friends, the train of events which culminated in the battles of the first, second, and third of July. Of this stupendous rebel lion, planned, ita its originators boast, more than thirty years ago, matured and prepared for during an entire generation, finally commenced because, for the first time since the adoption of the Constitution, an election of President had been effected without the votes of the South, (which retained however the 'control of the two ;other branches of the Govern merit,) the occupation of the national capital, with the eeizure of the , public archives and of the treaties with foreign Powers was aniessential feature. This was in substance, within my personal knowledge, admitted in the winter of 1860-1, by one of the most influential leaders of the rebellion, and it was fondly thought that this object could be effected by a bold and sudden movement on the 4th of I March, 1861. There is abundant proof also that a darker project was contemplated, if not by the responsible chiefs of the rebellion, yet by nameless ruffians, willing to play a subsidiary and murderous part In the treasonable drama. It was accordingly main tained by the rebel emissaries abroad, in the circles to which they found access, that the new American minister ought not, when he arrived, to be received as the envoy of the United States, inasmuch as be fore that thee Washington - would be captured, and the capital ernes nation and the archives and muni ments of thOGovernment would be in the possession - of the Confederates. In full accordance also with this threat, it was declared by the rebel Secretary of War, at Montgomery, in the! presence of his chief and of his colleagues, and of five thousand hearers, while the tidings of the assault on Sumpter were travelling over the wires on that fatal 12th of April, 1861, that before the end of May "the nig which now flaunted the breeze (as he expressed it) would float over the dome of the Capitol at Washington?' At the time this threat was made, the rebellion was confined to the cottoregrowiug Statee, and it was well understood by them that the only hope of drawing any of the other elaveholding States into the conspiracy, was by bringing about a conflict of arms, and " firing the heart of the South," by the effusion of blood. This was declared by the Charles ton press to be the object for which Sumpter was - to be assaulted, and the emissaries .sent from Rich mond, to urge on the unhallowed work, gave the promise that with the first drop of , blood that should be shed, Virginia , would place herself by the side of South Carolina. _ In pursuance of this original plan of the leaders of the, rebellion, the capture of Washington has been continually had in view, not merely for the flake of its public buildings, as the capital of the Confede racy, but as the necessary preliminary, to the eh sorption'ef the Border States, and for the moral ef fect in the eyes of Europe of possessing the metropo lis of the - Union. I allude to these facts, not perhaps enough borne in mind, ass a sufficient refutation of the pretence on the part of the rebels, that the war is one of self-defence, waged for the right-of self government. It is in reality a war originally levied by ambitious, men in the cotton-growing-States, for the purpose Of drawing the slave holding Border States ;into the vortex of the conspiracy, first by sympathy, which in the case of Southeastern Virginia, North Caro lina, part of,,Tennessee and Arkansas, succeeded ; and then by force, and for the purpose of subjuga ting Western Virginia, Kentucky, Eastern Tennes see, Missouri and Maryland ; and it is a most ex traordinary fact, considering,the clamors of the re ! bel chiefs on the subject of invaeion, that not a sol— dier of the United States has entered the States last named, except to defend their union- loving in habitants from the armies and guerillas,of the re bele. In conformity with these designs on the City of Washington, and notwithstanding the disastrous results of the invasion of 1862, it was determined by the rebel Government last summer to resume the offensive in that direction. Unable to force the pas-, sage of the Rappahannock where General Rooker,- notwithstanding the reverse at Chancellorville in May, was strongly posted, the Confederate general resorted to strategy. He had two objects in view. The first was by a rapid movement northward, and by manteuvring with a Portion of his army on the east side of Blue Ridge, to tempt Hooker from his base of operations, thus leading hint to uncover the approaehee to Washington, to throw it open to a raid by Stuart's cavalry, and enable Lee himself to moss the Potomac in the neighborhood of Poole"- ville, and thus fall upon the capital. This plan of operation's was wholly fiustrated. The design of the rebel general was promptly discovered by Gene ral, Hooker, and moving himself with great rapi dity from Frederickeburg; he preserved unbroken the inner- line, and stationed the various corps of his army at all the points protecting the approach to Washington, from Centreville up to Leesburg. From this vantage ground the rebel general in vain attempted to draw him. In the meantime, by the vigorous operations of Pleasortton's cavalry, the cavalry of Stuart, though greatly superior in num bers, was so crippled as to be'disabled from perform ing the part assigned it in the campaign. In this manner, - General Lee's first object, viz : the defeat of Hooker's army on the south of the Potomac, and a druid march on Washington, was baffled. The second part of the Confederate plan, and which is supposed to have been undertaken in Oppo • citron to the views of General Lee, was to turn the demonstration northward into a real invasion of Maryland and Pennsylvania, in the hope, that, in this way, General Hooker would be drawn to a dis tance from the capital ; thatsome opportunitywouid occur of taking him at disadvantage, and, after de• resting his army, of making A descent upon Balti more and Washington. This part of General Lee's plea. which was substantially the repetition of that of 1862 was mat less signally defeated, with what honor to the arms of the Union the height& on which wesareillis day assembled will forever attest. Ilinch'iline - had been uselessly consumed by the rebel general in hie unavailing attempts to outma nceuvre General Hooker. Although General Lee broke up from Fredericksburg on the 3d of June, it was not the 24th that the main body of his army entered Maryland, and instead - of crossing the Po tomac, as he had intended, east of the Blue Ridge, be Wise - compelled to do it at Shepherdstown and Williamsport, thus materially deranging , his entire plan of campaign ridith of the river. Stuart, who bad been sent with his cavalry to the east of the Blue Ridge, to guard-the passes of the mountains, tornask the movements of Lee, and to' harrass the Union general in crossing the river, having been very severely , handled by Pleasanton at Beverly Ford, Aldie, and Uppervile, instead of being able to retard' General Hooker's advance, was driven him self away from his connection with the army of Lee, and cut .of for a fortnight from all communication with it ; a circumstance to which General Lee, in hie report, alludes moss than onoe, with evident dis pleasure. Let us now rapidly glance at the incidents of the eventful campaign. A detachment from Ewell's Corps under Jenkins had penetrated on the 15th- of July as far as Chem beraburg. This movement was intended at first merely as a demonstration, and as a marauding ex pedition for supplies. It had, however, the salutary effect of alarming the-country, and vigorous prepa rations, here in Pennsylvania and in the sister. States, were made to repel the inroad. After two days passed at Obambersburg, Jenkins, anxious for his communications with Ewell," fell back wire his pluq4orlo ElogerOwn, lien In remained ICht fieve. • , rat days, end having swept the recesses of Cumber land valley, came down upon the eastern flank of the South Mountain, and pushed hie marauding par tite as far as Waynesboro, On the 22d the remain der of Ewell's corpe orotund the river and moved - up the valley. They were followed on the 94tti by Longetreet and BA whocrossed at Williamsport and iihepherdstown, and pushing up the valley en camped c.tChamberiburg on the 2.lth. In this way the - whole rebel army,-estimated at '90,000 infantry, upwards of 10,000 cavalry, and 4;000 or 5,000 artille ry, making a total of 105,000 of all arms, wee concea- trated in Pennsylvania. Up to this-time no report of Hooker's movements had been received by General Lee, who, having been deprived of his cavalry, had no means or ob taining information. Rightly judging, however, that no time would be lost by the Union army in the pursuit, in order to detain it on the eastern side of the mountains in Maryland and Pennsylvania, and thus preserve his communications by the way of Williamsport, he had, before his own arrival at Ghambersburg, directed Ewell to send detachments from his corps to Carlisle and York: The latter itide tachment, under Early. passed through t • place On the 26th of June. You need not, fello zens of Gettysburg, that X should recall to you e mo ments of alarm and distress, precursors as they were of the more trying scenes which were so soon to follow. As loon as General Hooker perceived that the advance of the Confederates into the Cumberland . . _ valley was not a mere feint to draw him away from Washington, he moved himself rapidly in pursuit. Attempts, as we have seen, were made to harass and retard hie passage across the Potomea. These attempts were not only altogether unsuccessful, but so unskilfully made as to place 4.the entire Federal army between the etivabof.-ltztuarrand the army of Lee. While the latter was,niase L ed in the Cumber- land valley,Stusrt was east of- the' mountains, with Hooker's arroy__lbetWeen,f arid Gregg's cmvatry in close pursuit. Stuart watracaordingly compelled to force sitnaroh northward, which was destitute of all strategical chatacter,•and which deprived his chief of all means of obtaining intelligence. No time, as we have seen, had been lost by Gene ral Hookerin the pursuit of Lee. The day after the rebel army entered Maryland, the Union army cross ed the Potomac at Edwards' Ferry. and by the 28th lay bet Ween Harper's Ferry and Frederick. The force of the enemy on that day was partly at Chain bersburg, and partly moving on the Cashtown road, in the direction of Gettysburg, while the detach- menta from Ewell's corps, of which mention has been made, had reached the Susquehanna opposite Harrisburg and f3olumbla. That a great battle must soon be fought, no one could douht, but in the ap parent, and perhaps real absence of plan on the part of Lee, it was impossible to foretell the precise scene, of the encounter. Wherever fought, corm- quenoes the most momentous hung upon the result. In this critical and anxious state of affairs, Gene- ral Hooker was relieved, and General Meade was summoned to the chief command of the army, and it appears to my =military judgment to reflect the higheit credit upon him, upon his predecessor, and upon the corps commanders of the Army of the Po tornas,., that a change could take place in the chief command of so large a force on the eve of a general battle—the various corps necessarily moving on lines somewhat divergent, and all in ignorance of the enemy's intended point of concentration—and not an hour's hesitation should ensue in the advance of any portion of the entire army. Having assumed the chief command on the 28th, Gen. Meade directed his left wing, under Reynolds, Upon Emmettsburg, and his right upon New Wind sor, leaving Gen. French, with 11,000 men, to pro tect the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and convey the public property from Harpeen Ferry to Werth ingten. Buford's cavalry was then at thin place, and Kilpatrick at Hanover, where he encountered and defeated the rear of Stuart's cavalry, who was roving the country in search of the main army of Lee. On the rebel side, Hill had - reached Fayette ville, on the Caehtown road, on the 28th, and was followed on the same road by Longetreet, on the . . . 29th. The eastern side of the mountain, all seen from Gettyeburg, was lighted up at night by the camp fires of the enemy's advance, and the country swarmed with his foraging parties. It was now too evident to be questioned that the thunder cloud so lot g gathering blackness would soon burst on some part of the devoted vicinity of Gettysburg. The 30th of June was a day of important prepara tion. At 1134 in the morning General Buford passed through Gettysburg, upon a reconnoissance in force, with his cavalry upon the Chambersburg road. The information obtained by tam was imme diately communicated to Gen. Reynolds, who was in consequence directed to occupy Gettysburg. That gallant officer accordingly, with the let Corps, marched from Emmettaburg to ''within six or seven miles of this place, and encamped on the right bank of Marshal creek. Our right wing meantime was moved to Manchester. On the same day the corps of Bill and Longetreet were pushed still farther for ward on the Chambereburg road, and distributed in the vicinity of Marsh's creek, while a reconnois sance was made by the Confederate General Petti grew up to a very short distance from this plaice. Thus, at nightfall on the 30th of June the greater part of the rebel force was concentrated in the im mediate vicinity of two corps of the Union army, the former refreshed by two days passed in compa rative repose, and deliberate preparation for the en counter, the latter separated by a march of one or two days from their supporting corps, and doubtful at what precise point they were to expect an attack. And now the momentous day, a day to be forever • remembered in the annals of the country, arrived. Early in the morning, on the lot of July, the conflict began. I need not say that' it would be impossible for me to comprise, within the limits of the hour, such a narrative as would do anything like full jus tice to the all-important events of these three great days, or to the merit of the brave officers and inert of every rank, of every arm of the service, and of every loyal State who bore their part in the tremendous struggle; alike those who nobly sacrificed their lives for their country, and those who survive, many of them scarred, with honorable wounds, the objects of our admiration and gratitude. The astonishingly minute, accurate, and graphic accounts contained in the journals of the day, prepared from personal ob servation by reporters who witnessed the scenes and often shared the perils which they describe, and the highly valuable " Notes" of Professor Jacobs, of the University in this place, to which I am greatly in debted, will abundantly supply the .deficiency of my necessarily too-condensed statement.* General Reynolds, on arriving at Gettysburg is the morning of theist. found Buford with his ca-s vairy warmly engaged with the enemy, whom he held most gallantly in check. Hastening himself to the front, General Reynolds directed his men to be moved over the fields from the Emmettsburg road, in front of McMillan's and Dr. Schmuoker'srunder cover of the Seminary ridge, and, without a mo ment's hesitation attacked the enemy, at the - seine time sending orders to the 11th Corps (General Howard's) to advance as promptly as possible. General Reynolds immediately found himself en gaged with a force which greatly outnumbered his own, and had scarcely made his dispositions for the action when he fell, mortally wounded, at the head of his advance. The command of the Ist - Corps devolved on General Doubleday, and that of the field on General Howard, who arrived at 11 30 with Schurz and Barlow's divisions of the 11th Corps, the latter of whom received a severe wound. Thus strengthened, the advantage of the battle was for some time on our side. The attacks of.the rebels were. vigorously repulsed by Wridsworth's division of the 11th Corps, and a large number of prisoners, including Gen. Archer, were captured. At length, however, the continued reinforcement of the Con federates from the main body, on the Cashtown road, and by the divisions of Roden and Early, coming down by separate lines from Heidieraburg and taking post on our extreme right, turned the fortunes of the day. Our army, after contesting the ground for live hours, was obliged to yield to the enemy, whose force outnumbered them two to one, and toward the close of the afternoon Gen. HOward deemed it pru dent to withdraw the two corps to the heights where we are now assembled. The greater part of the let Corps pasted through the outskirts of the town and reached the hill without serious loss or molestation. The 11th Corps and portions of the Ist, nod being aware that the enemy had already entered the town from the north, attempted to force their way tiardugh Washington and Baltimore streets, which, in the crowd and confusion of the 'scene, they did with a heavy loss in prisoners. General Howard was not unprepared for this turn in the fortunes of the day. Early in the morning he had caused Cemetery Hill to be occupied by. Ge neral Steinwehr, with the 3d division of the 11th Corps. About the time of the withdrawal of our troops to the hill, General Haricoek arrived, having been sent by General Meade, on hearing the death of Reynolds, to assume the command of the field till he himself . could reach the front. In conjunction with General Howard, General Hancock immediate ly proceeded to post troops and to repel an attack on our right flank. This attack was feebly made and promptly repulsed. At nightfall our troops on the hill, who had so gallantly sustained themselves during the toil and peril of the day, were cheered by the arrival of General Slonum with the 12th Corps, and of General Sickles with a part of the 3d. Such was the fortune of the first day, commencing with decided success to our arms, followed by a check, but ending in the occupation of this all-im portant position. To you, fellow-citizens of Get tysburg, I need'not attempt to portray the anxieties Of the ensuing night. Witnessing, as you had done, With sorrow the withdrawal of our army through your streets, with a considerable loss of prisoners ; mourning as you did over the brave men who had fallen ; shocked with the widespread desolation around you, of which the wanton burning of the Harmon house, in the morning, had given the alga eel ; ignorant of the near approach of .Gen. Meade, you passed the weary hours of the night in painful expectation. Long before the dawn of- the 2d of July the new commanderin-obiel had arrived at the front. Ha - ving received intelligence of the events in progress, and informed by the reports of Gans. Hancock and Howard of the favoraffie character of the position, he determined to,give battle to the enemy at this point. He accordingly directed the remaining corps of the army to concentrate at Gettysburg with- all possible expedition, and breaking up his headquar ters at Taneytown at 10 P. 111.„ he arrived on the field at one o'clock in the morning of the 2d of July. Few were the moments given to sleep during the rapid watches of that brief mid-summer's night, by officers or men, though half- of our troops . 'a ere ex hausted by the conflict of the day, and the residue wearied by the forced marches which had brought them to the rescue. The full moon, veiled by thin clouds, shone down that night on a strangely tin- - wonted scene—the aliened of the graveyard was broken by the lieavy tramp or armed men ; by the neigh of the warhorse; the harsh rattle of the wheels of artillery hurrying to their stations ; the voice of the bugle, the roll of the drum, and all the indescribable tumult of preparation. The various corps of the army, as they arrived, were moved to their positions on the spot where we are assembled, and the ridges that extend southeast and southwest; batteries were planted, and breastworks thrown up. TL e 3d and sth Corps, with the rest of the 3d, had reached tbe ground by seven o'clock A. M. ' but it was . not till two o'clock in the afternoon that Sedgwick arrived with the 6th Corps. He had marched thirty-two miles since nine o'c:ock in the morning of the day before. It was only on his arri val that the Union army attained an equality of numbers with that of the rebels, palled upon the op- * Besides the sources of information mentioned in the text, I have bs en kindly favored with a memorandum of the operations of the Wee days .drawn up tor me by direction of. Major General. Mews . (anticipating the pro mulgation of his official report). by one of his aids, °len el Theodore Lyn an, from whom. alga, I have re ceived other importan/ communications relative to the campaign. I have received very valuable documants relativejo the battle from Major General Galleck. Coin mander-m-Chief of the army, and have been !Una as in drawing up the sit etch of the campaign by the detailed reports, kindly transmitted to me in manta mint, from the adjutant General's Office, of the move ments of every corps of the army, for each day, after the breaking up from Fredericksburg commenced. I have derived much assistance from Col. Joha B. aiacheider's oral explanations of hie beautifal and minute drawing ' latent to be engraved) of the field Of t' ethtee-days etrug-- ale With the information derived from these sources I have compared the statements in General Lee'soilicial report of the campaign, dated 31. st Jetty, 1E63; a well- Written article, purpoi tit g to be an account of the.three deo s battle, is the PAOLI:ViIa Enquirer Of the 42,1 of July: and the article On The Bottle. Of GettYablifg and the Campaign of Pennsylvania," by an officer, ap pslently a colne , in thelaritish army, in Biothwoods Magazine for Septandber. The value of the Information contained in this last essay may be seen by comparing the remark under date 27th of June. that • ` private pro perty is to be rigidly protected." with the statement in horseyt sentence hub one, that " all the cattle and farm having been seized by Ewell, farm labor d: corns to a complete stand-still." Ile also, under date of 4th July, speaks of Lee's retreat being encumbered by " Bwell's imam:matt train of plunder This - writer in forms us that, on the evening of the 4th July. he heard. repolte coming in from the different veri,erals that the enemy (ldeade's army) was retiring. and had been doing so all day long:" At a consultation at headquarters on the 6th. between Generals Lee. Lonotreet, Hill, and Wilcox, this writer was told by some one, whose name ha prudently leaves in blank, that the array had no in ten lion at present of retreating for good, and that some of the enemy . s despatches had been intercepted in which Ile following words occur; " The noble but unfortunate Army of the Potomac has again been obliged to retreat before enperi r numbers." -.I much regret that General Meade's official report was not published in season. to . en-_ sketch tlehl i tt li es a gnt a tgr o e f e it dryng nattdhlba address. It reached me but the morning before these OM Were seat to the press. T!IE WAR FRED!; (PUBLISHED scrEElCrt., !Ns Wes Pages will be' cant to e11bf 4 r 1164 " 114 ,.. •• mall flier emu= atiyatan/ at•-•-••••••—..—••• . egi Three coPlee••-- 2tre °onion ..... •••••-• • •••••-•-•••••• S Tea copies..---- OW Larger Clubs than Ten will be clauled' at the lagin ate. 12. 50 per copy. The mono' must ahem, accompany!? thit Gruen in no tnetance can these terms be deviated: Awn"; as tikeg Vona eery tittle more than the cost of the paw- Sir Poctraaaten are requested to tit as API& klif Tim Wait Pans. Mir To the getter-up of the Club of ten or tWeati.; 0s . extra copy of the Paper will be given. CENTS. l weite and parallel ridge, distant from a mile to a mile, and a half, and overlapping our postilon oa either .a'id heri I cannot but remark on the providential i nac tion of the rebel army.. Had the content been renewed by it at daylight on the 2d of July, with the Ist and 11th Corps exhausted by the battle and - the retreat; the 3d and 12th weary from their forced march; atitd the 2d, sth, and 6th not yet arrived, nothing biet a miracle could have saved the army from destru,stlon. Instead of this, the day dawned, the eon rose, the cool hours of the morning passed, the forenoon %wore, away, without the slightest ag gressive movement on the part of the enemy. Thus time was given _for half of our forces to arrive and take their place jet the lines, while the rest of the army enjoyed a much needed hainday's repose. At length, between three and fOnr o'clock in the afternoon the work of death began: A signal gun from the hostile batteries was followed by a tremene dour cannonade along the rebel lines, and this twen. heavy advance of infantry, brigade after brigade, commencing on, the enemy's right against the let of our army, and so onward to the left eentre A: forward movement of General Sickles, to gren,a corn- - mending position from which. to repel the rebel at tack, drew upon him a destructive fire from the enes my's batteries, and a furious assault from- Long street's and Hill's advancing troops. After s - bravo resistance on the part of hie corps, be was forced back, himself falling severely wounded. This wits the critical moment of the second day.; bdt the 6th and a part of the 6th Corps, with portions of the lst'and ad, were promptly brought, to the support of the 3d ; the struggle was fierce and murderous, but by sunset our success was decisive, and the enemy Was driven back in contusion. The most important see , vice was rendered toward the close of the day, in the memorable novenae between Round Top and Little - Round Top, by General Crawford's division of the 6th corps,consisting of two brigades of the Pennsylva nia Reserves, of which one company was from the town and neighborhood. The rebel General Barks- - dale fell in this encounter, and his force was driven back with great loss in killed and prisoners. At C o'clock in the evenings desperate attempt was made by the enemy to storm the position of the 11th Corpe on Cemetery Hill, but here too, after a terrible con flict, be was repulsed with immense loss. Ewell, on our extreme right, which had been weakened by the withdrawal of the troops sent over to support our - left, bad succeeded in gaining- a foothold within a portion of our lines, near Spangler's Spring. This was the only advantage obtained by the rebels to compensate them for the dieastere of the day, and of this, as we shall see. they were-soon deprived. . Such was the result of the second act of this event ful drama—a day hard fought, and at one moment anxioui, and-wnh the exception of the slight re verse just named, crowned with dearly-earned, but uniform success to our arms, auspicious of a giori- Mit termination of the final struggle. On there good omens the night fell. At davin of the 3d, General Geary returned to his positien on the tight, from which tie had he.stened. . the day before to strengthen the left. He was im mediately attacked by the enemy, whore, however, after a sharp and decisive action, be drove out of our lines, recovering the ground which had been lost on the preceding day. A spirited contest was kept up all the morning on this part of the line, but Gene; sal Geary, reinforced by "Wheaton's brigade of the 6th Corps, maintained hie position and inflicted very severe losses on the enemy. Such was the cheering commencement of the third • day's work, and with it ended all serious attempts of the enemy on our right. As on the preceding ..e day, his efforts werenow mainly directed against our , left centre and left wing. "From eleven till half west' . one o'clock, all was still t a solemn pause of preps...Ss ration, as if both parties were nerving theeiselveafok.,S the supreme effort. At length the awful silence, more terrible than the wildest tumult of battle, was broken by the roar of 260 pieces of artillery from the opposite ridges joining in a cannonade of ul.- surpassed violence, the -rebel batteries along two thirds of their line pouring their fire upon Cemetery . Hill and the centre and left wing of our army, Hays ' ing attempted in this way for two hours, but with ' out success, to shake the steadiness of our lines, the enemy rallied his forces for a last grand assault. Their attack was principally directed against the position of our 2d Corps. Successive linea of rebel infantry moved forward with equal spirit and steadiness, from their cover- on the wooded eta% of Seminary ridge, crossing the intervening _ - supported right and left by theulehoicest brigades, and charged furiously up to our batteries. _Our own brave troops Of the 2d Corps, 'aupported by Doubleday's division and Stannard's brigade of the let received the shock with firmness, the ground on both sides was long and fiercely contested sad covered with the killed and the wounded till after "a determined and gallant struggle," as it is pro nounced by General Lee, the rebel advance, consist ing of two-thirds of Hill's corps and the whole of . Longstreeter. including Picketter division, the flits of his corps, which had not yet been under lire. and was now depended upon to decide the fortune of this. - last eventful day, was driven back with prodigious slaughter, disconatited, and broken. While'these - events were in progress at our left centre,-the enemy was driven by the Pennsylvania Reserves from a strong position on our extreme left, from which he was annoying our force on "Little Round Top," hill battery taken, and three hundred prisoners cap hired. In the ' terrific assault on our centre, Gene rals Harcock and Gibbons were wounded. In the .' rebel army, Armistead, Kemper, Pettigrew, and Trimble were wounded, the first named motally. the latter also made prisoner; while General Garnett was killed, and thirty-tive hundred officers and Men made prisoners. ' These were the expiring agonies of the three days ,. • conflict, and with them the battle ceased. It was, fought by the Union army with courage and skill, from the - first cavalry skirmish on Wednesday morning to the tearful rout of the enemy on Friday afternoon, by every arm and every rank of the ser vice, by officers and men, by cavalry, artillery, and ;infantry. The two armies, after the fast day, were numerically equal; if the Union force had the-ed van tage of a strong position, the Confederates had that of choosing time and place, the prestige of former victories over the Army of the Potomac, and of the , .: success of the first day. Victory does not always fall to the lot of those who deserve it; but that so decisive a triumph, under circumstances- like these, - was gained by our troops, I am inclined to ascribe,, under Providence, to the spirit of exalted patriotism that animated them, and a consciousness that they were fighting in a righteous cause. All hope of defeating our army, and securing what General Lee calls "the valuable results" of such an achievement having vanissted, he thought only of rescuing from destruction the remains of his shat tered forces. In killed, wounded, and missing, he had, as far as can be ascertained, suffered:a loss of • about 37,000 men, rather more than a third of the army which he is supposed to have 'firelight with him into Pennsylvania. Perceiving Dint his only safety was in rapid retreat, he commenced with• drawing his troops at daybreak on the 4th, throw ing up field works in front of our left, which, as-. miming the appearance of a new position, were in tended probably to protect the rear of his army in their retreat. That nelay—sad celebration of- the - 4th of July for an army of Americans—was pained. by him in hurrying off his trains. The main army -was in full retreat on the Cashtown and Fairfield.. roads at nightfall, and moved with such precipita tion that, short as the nights were, by daylight the following morning, notwithstanding a heavy rain, the.rear-guard had left its position. The struggle of the two last days resembled in many respects the battle of Waterloo, and if in the evening of the third. day General-Meade, like the Duke of Wellington, had had the assistance of a powerful auxiliary army to take up the put suit, the rout of the rebels would have been as ,complete as that of Napoleon. Owing to the circumstances above named, the in— tentions of the enemy were not apparent on the 4th. The moment his retreat was discovered the follow ing morning, be was pursued by our cavalry on the. Clashtown road, and - in the Emmettsburg and lion. tery passes, and by Sedgwick's corps on the Fairfield, road. His rear guard was briskly attacked at Fair field ; a great number of wagons and ambulances - were captured in the passes of the mountains ,• the - country - swarmed with hie stragglers, and his wounded were literally emptied from the vehicles containing them, into [the farm-houses on the road. General Lee, in his report, makes repeated mention of the Union prisoners whom he conveyed into Virginia, somewhat overstating their number. He stales also, that " such of his wounded as were in a conditiorno be removed," were forwarded to Wil liamsport. He does not mention that the number of his wounded not removed, and left to the Christian care of the victors, was 7,640, not one of whom failed , of any attention which it wan possible, under the circumstances of the case, to afford them •t notoge of whom, certainly, has been put upon Libby-prtion fsre—lingeringtdeath by starvation. Heaven forbid, hownyer, that we should claim any merit for the ex ercise of common humanity! Under the protection of the mountain ridge, whose narrow passes are easily held, even by a retreating army, Gen. Lee reached Williamsportin safety, and took up a strong position opposite to that place. Gen.- Meade necessarily pursued with the main army by a flank movement through Middletown, Turner's pass having been secured by Gen. French. Passing through the South Mountain, the Union array mite up with that of the rebels on the 12th, and found it se curely posted on the heights of Marsh's run, His position was reconnoitred and preparations made. for an attack on the 13th. The depth of the river, Swollen bythe recent rains, authorized the expects 'Don that he would be brought to a general engages went the following day. An advance was accord ingly made by Gen. Meade on the morning of the 14th, but it was soon found that the rebels hed es caped in the night with such haste that Ewell's corps forded the river where the water was breast high, The cavalry, which had rendered the most important service, during the three days, and in harassing the enemy's retreat, was now sent in pursuit and cap tured two guns and a large number of prisoners. In an-action which took place at' Falling Waters, Gen. Pettigrew was mortally wounded. Gen. Meade; in. further pursuit of the enemy, crossed the Potomac . at Berlin. Thus again covering the approaches to Washington, he compelled the enemy to bass the - Blue Ridge at one of the - upper gape ' and in about - six weeks from the commencement of the campaigns Gen. Lee found himself again on the south side of the Rappahannock with the loss of about a third of' his army. . _Such, most inadequately recounted, is the history Of the ever-memorable Three Days and of the events immediately preceding and follewee. It has been - pretended, in order to di:L. - Lee- magz.-.ltade of this disaster to therebel cause, that it was merely the repulse of an attack on a strongly-defended po anion. The tremendous losses on both sides are a sufficient answer to this misrepresentation, and at test the courage and obstinacy with which the three... days' batEe was waged. Few of the great conflicts _ of modern times have cost victors and Vanquished % so great a sacrifice. On the Union tide there fell in the a hole campaign, of generals killed, Reynolds, le Weed, and Zook ; and wounded, Generals • Rae low, Barnes, Butterfield, Doubleday, Gibbon,. Graham, Hancock, Sickles, and Warren ; while *fee officers below the rank of general, and men, .there were e,634 killed, 13,709 wounded, and 6,643 missing. - On the Confederate side there were killed- on the field or mortallysswounded Generals Armistead? Barksdale, Garn ett,Pender, Pettigrew, and Semmes; and wounded, Beth, Hood. Johnson, Kemper, Rim. ball, and Trimble. Of officers below the rank of general, and men, there, were taken prisoners, ix-. chiding the wounded, 13,621, an amount ascertained officially. Of the wounded in a condition to be re moved, or the killed and the missing, the enemy hes_ made no return. They are estimated, from the best data which the nature of thecese admits, at 2,3,000.- G,eneral Meade also captured three cannons anti forty- one standards. I must leave to others, who can do it from personal . observation, to describe the mournful spectacle pre sented by these hill-sides and plains at tho close of the terrible conflict. It was a saying of the Duke of Wellington, that, next to a defeat, the saddest thing is a victory. The horrors of the battle-field, after the contest is over—the sights and sounds of woe—. let me throw a pall over the scene, which no words can adequately depict to those whO have not wit-. nets( d it ; on which no one who has witnessed it,. and who has a heart in his bosom, can, bear to dwell.. One drop of babe. alone, one drop of heavenly, life eying balm—mingles in this bitten cup of misery., scarcely has the cannon ceased to roar, when the brethren and sisters of Christian benevolence, minis. tens of compassion, angelsof pity, liaiten to the field anti the hospital, to moisten the parched; tongue, to bind the ghastly wounds,. to soothe the part ing agonies :dike of friend and, foe, and to catch. the last whispered messages of , love from Cwing lips. "Carry this miniature . back to my dear wife, but den not take it from my bosom till I am gone." - "Tell . .my little sister not to grieve for me, I am willing. to, die for my country." "Olt, that my mother were .here!" When, since Anon stoodbetweenthelivieg and the dead, was there ever a -minisbry like this? , It hits been said that ills tharreeteriatic of Americans, to treat women with a deference not paid to them in, any other country. .I will - siert undertake - to' sat whether this is ao, but I willesay that since this ter, rible war has been waged, this "than of the loyal States, if never before, have e.nietled themselves te our highest admiration and gratitude, alike those, who, at home, often with fingers unused to the toil, often bowed beneath their own domestic cares, have performed an amount of daily labor not leu than hers who works for her daily bread, and, those who, in the hospital and the tent of the Sanitary Commis. Mon. have rendered service, which millions emild not buy. gappily, the Jabot and the letvlse.ara
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