ci, r) i) r c 5 5 1.2 WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 2E 18G3 Mass Meeting*. The friends of the union will assemble this evening at Penn Square to endorse the _nominations of the Pittsburg Convention, and we understand from the programme that the demonstration will be very impos ing and attractive. The meMbersorthe Union League am. invited :-to assemble at their club house to proceed in a body to the celebration, and many of the ward and minor associations are making arrangements to swell the demonstration. We are glad to see this. Philadelphia should ratify the nomination of Comm; and Axixg.w with enthusiasm, for these men are peculiarly the friends of the great city. Governor OunTlli's popularity here, always wide spread, is now increasing; for men see, as they review the . deeds of his administration, that he has been faithful, patriotic, and true. • Let the ratification of his nomination this evening be an evidence of this.feeling, and an indication of the great majority we shall give in October. • The Duty of the Conventions. In the various wards and precincts of Philadelphia, last evening, the voters of the National TJnion party assembled and elected' delegates to represent Uteri in the local con ventions that meet this week. We have the results of very few of the elections be fore us, but, as Jar as We have learned, the delegates chosen are among our Most re spectable citizens, and there is every hope that we shall he favored with capable and honest candidates. Such seems to be the general disposition of those controlling . the affairs of the party. They see plainly that not only the success of the Union cause in October, but the integrity and permanence of the Union party for all time to come, de-• pend upon the caution and courage Of the true friends of the Union. There has never been a cause so favored as that repre sented by this organization. In its ranks we see the loyalty of this metropolis —the best • men of all classes—the ca pitalist, the laborer, the merchant, and the , scholar, and, although these men are not , given to politics, or are at least inde pendent of the power and. emoluments that Politics can bestow, nothing can be easier than the selection of candidates that will .command the - respect and confidence of the people. It the conventions that meet to= morrow will only bear this fact in mind, and act accordingly, we shall be enabled - to enter upon this campaign with strength and vigor, and with the assurance of a suc cess that will be of advantage to the State in the management of its affairs, and.to the party in all its future operations. A Brilliant Political Record; The Democratic newspapers throughout the State have contained nothing of an edi tmial character for several weeks past but ablise of Governor CunTrx and the Aboli tionists. The only exception to the rule, that occurs to us, is a sketch of Mr. JUStice WOODWARD as he appeared twenty-five years ago in the eyes of a mercenary news paper reporter, which sketch has been printed with unbounded editorial satisfac tion by all the disloyal papers in Pennsyl vania. Li consideration of the molelliim industry, which some satellite of Mr. Jus tice WOODWARD has exhibited in exhuming it from the musty files of a defunct party organ, we give the opening sentences of this Valuable acquisition to American Bio graphy : " Mr. WOODWARD, of Luzerne, sits-next to Mr..lllca4aray. He is very tall and slender, and very pale. His look, voice, and manner indicate that he is a_ young man of no ordinary cast, and of his age—for he is but twenty-eight years Old— I question whether he has many superiors, either in Pennsylvania-or the Union." We do not pause to comment upon the marvel,:_ ions circumstances that the subject of this sketch should have done nothing in . tweiny-five years. worthy 'of being printed to his-credit,,for that mightseein invidious. It is sufficient for us to .know that Mr. WooD - wAno sat next to -Mr. quarter of a century. ago. It might hay.e been more satisfactory for us to have had the assurance that Mr. WooDwAnD was a friend of the Union ; but in the absence of such assurance, any information touching his:attitude with respect to Mr. McCanExt, should be hailed with unbounded satis faction. We should have liked to be told whether Mr. WOODWAR.D thinks that this is an Abolition war, and that the Adminis tration is waging it only for the sake of the negro, as his party organs profess _to be lieve ; but this is expecting too much, and we must be content with the mercenary reporter's assurance that "He is very tall and slender, and very pale." We should • have liked to know whether Mr. Justice WOODWARD actually believes that " slavery is an incalculable blessing ;" and if so, how it comes that hiS friends are so fearful of the Administration establishing a military des potism upon the ruins of American liberty. In place of knowing this, our inquisitive mood must be satisfied to learn that " His look, voice, and manner indicate that he is a young man of no ordinary cast." It would have been comforting to be informed whether Mr. Justice WOODWARD believes that every man who is opposed to the dissolution of the: Union is an Abolitionist—in place of which we are told that he is ." but twenty eight years old." It would have been in teresting to know whether . Mr. Justice WOODWARD actually thinks that negroes and foreigners shbuld have no rights in this country, and that the same should hold good with respect to American citizens enrolled in the service of their country ; but the mercenary reporter is reticent on all these fascinating topics. He only says, by way of concluding the paragraph : " I question whether he has many superiors in Pennsyl vania br - the "Union." On the whole, the insight thus afforded us into the character and principles of the Democratic nominee for' the Gubernatoiial chair is very Sags- . factory. We • live in unsettled times, as is abundantly proven by a recent " study ~from the • antique," written by . Dr. MACKAY', , the mercenary reporteit of the . London Times. We have not passed wholly through the fiery ordeal yet. We, need a Maxi— at ?he head of. our State .affairs, .and it is most gratifying to know that we shall not be disappointed, La_o,ernor CunTrx, by any mis chance, fail to be _ tice WooDwAnD for our chief magistrate, we should have no cause for the slightest apprehension for the future weal ofthe Com monwealth. .The man who sat next to Mr. McCAnDx, over - twenty-five years ago, should not be unworthy to be called " the favorite son of Pennsylvania." Under his skilful management nothing can go wrong. He is tall and slender, and very: itle ; and once upon a time a reporter qUestioned—for .satisfactory reasons, of course—whether he had many superiors, either in Pennsylvania or the Union. We cannot honestly cavil at such a spotless record as this. There is no sign of inconsistency or partisanship anywhere discoverable in it, and it should be printed in letters of gold at all the Demo cratic "mast heads " thrOughout the State. With such. a glorious record as this, Go vernor CURTIN'S triumph would be the most brilliant and overwhelming ever heard of in the political' history of the nation. We very much fear it is an unfortunate thing for him that he did not sit next to Mr. SIDCAnDN twenty-five years ago. A Lesson from Charleston Bay. All our news this morning leads us to an •ticipate the speedy reduction of Fort Sump ter. The Richniond journals of Monday tell us that General GILMORE has demanded the surrender of Charleston; that Fort Sumpter is , battered and torn, and virtually untenable—the shot sweeping through the fort, the . walls cracked and breached, the parapet undermined, and the fort itstlf virtually a ruin. After this infor mation, the Southern writer tells us, in a forlorn and dismal manner, that " Colonel Rnim , r is Ordered with his brave garrisOrtto . hold iris outpost, even as ck forlorn hope, until he is relieved or the place Wcen." The condition of Charleston is not so definitely stated, but we understand that on Suuday, at eleven o'clock, a communication was sent to General BEAUREGARD by General GIL- . MORE, giving notice of his intention to, open fire upon the city itself in twenty-four hours, and asking the non-combatants in. the meantime to leave. All this news, it must be remembered, came from the rebels . themselves, and is as favorable for their cause as it is possible for sympathy or pride to make it. We may infer from this that General GILMORE has succeeded in the ope rations he has had under way . ; that the navy has sanded Battery Wagner ; that his heavy guns. have. riddled Fort Sumpter as -tho roughly as they riddled Flirt Pulaski ; and that, having overcome the power of the Con federates, so far as guns and granite arc concerned, he is prepared to move his army. Upon the doomed city. In addition to this, another despatch that comes as We are writing, tells us that fifteen large Parrott guns had already opened upon the city, and that the non-combatants were, leaving the city in multitudes. In the meantime the eorely-pressed BEAUREGAED- has taken to writing letters to GILMORE, charging hint with cruelty and inhumanity, and threaten ing all manner of retaliation. The contest has evidently reached the critical point, and must soon be decided. - Charleston has be come another Vicksburg, and so far as it is the great Southern port Of entry, and the cl6pOt of the contraband trade :of Nas sau, it is useless to the Confederacy. If General BEAUREGARD really intends to hold the city, it may be done for an indefinite period of time, as We know that an army may occupy a collection of houses for any spate of time, as PEMBERTON'S army did at Vicksburg, without being compelled to eur render. The siege of Charleston, therefore, becomes a land campaign, and we must trust to time and patience on the part of • GnitionE, as we did'on the part of GRANT. And yet there is nothing we have printed• since the war began that will be read with as much satisfaction by the loyal people of the North as this announcement that • the city of Charleston is at last under the guns of the Union army. We trust that we have no unnatural exultation to express about this affair at Charleston. It is, after all; nothing more than a city of the rebellion, with so many armed rebels in its garrison, 'and possessing a certain.- degree of import, ance to the'rebellion. Taus it is something more. Charleston has been the metropolis of treason since- the - . beginning. lii Charleston the first gun of the rebellion was fired. In this : very Fort Sumpter, where RIMITand his garrison are huddling away iu casemates and behind embankments, the Union flag was first taken dOwn. For days' and nights the starving garrison of Major ANDERSON were compelled to defend their ,fortificatiOn against a continuous rain of shot and Shell. The same BEAUREGARD was in command. To him belongs the infamy .of having inaugurated the war upon the Union, and all the.:blood that since has deluged North and South, all the misery that has befallen our happy and prosperous country, must be attributed to the deeds he performed in Charleston. Therefore, the sight we see thismornirtg is not merely retributiOn, but dramatic retribution. A More fitting place, a more fitting time, or more fitting actors; could not haVe been selected•for the stern tragedy, and every shell that falls' upon Charleston will carry with it the vengeance that Time alone can bring:- The vengeance of Time was, never' more suggestive.: In Charleston slavery began ita -war. It waS a war upon freedom, and in defence of a crime. In Charleston, the slaves, despised, oppressed, bought and sold, are uow armed and uniformed. as freemen, and assisting to overthrow the power that made them chattels and provoked a war to retain them in bondage. We may see in this, therefore, something more than a mere attack upon a city. It comes to us with all the force and . majesty of a great- lesson; of a leison that freedom is teaching slavery—a lesson that welave learned amid tribillation, and de feat, and disaster. Charleston - within the range of Federal guns. Truly, "Time at last sets-all things even:". The - Story- orJhe, Paivever- -righteous nu - twar-inLits Cense or:great in lts operations, we cannot expect to equal the sacred and primitive . history of our first Revolution. We have produced by dozens men of eminent character and ener gy, but no individual as great as WASHING TON. Nationality can only have one father, and WitsurNomori's glory must remain un eclipsed. As the chivalry of each European nation had its one saint, so liberty in Ame rica has its one patthr patrice. But our two revolutions, kindred in the same issue of popular liberty, furnish an interesting paral lel. The first, which tore up monarchy in America by the root, was a war for provin cial independence ; the last, which has laid band to the root of slavery, is a struggle for the Vnion of States and the universal prin ciple of personal liberty. Monarchy in the first place stood in the way of the Republic ; slavery now is in the way of freedom. Through the war of Independence the Re publican idea grew naturally, just as in the present war emancipation became a neces sity. In:the asSuMption and conduct of our cause, we doubtless deserve less credit than our fathers ; but .. it must be remembered that its intrinsic pfinciple, like the war itself, is broader than even the Revolution of WASHINGTON. ' But, for all, our present struggle, in many respects, compares to the first only as the reservoir to the source. From a comparison of the principles, we turn • naturally to their leaders, characters, -and people. Because we have not had a WASHINGTON, shall we be ashamed of the strong moral mind, the firm faith, and great :honesty of ABRAHAM LINCOLN? If' all were not as sagacious as JEFFERSON, we have still statesmen liberal-minded and wise. The war of independence gave to OUT history GEEENE i PUTNAM, WAYNE, LAF.,tyLvrin, and -more ; but Stony Point was not a Vicksburg; and we . do not hesi tate. to name GRANT, MEADE, BANKS, 1100 HER, and SIGEL, although; in the , ex tent of our war the military- has, per haps, covered the ,moral character of our leaders. But we. shall not forget the .fighting and praying Admiral • Poor; . or the Christian soldier MITCHELL. Dar war has produced much character and much goodness, if it has wanted one great,, individual light. It is more , republican'and more popular, so to speak, than the war of our fathers. It does -not lack the Copper head, just as the Revolution had the Tory; and we have more tories just as we have we have been niCcesS, our fathers were half the time defeated; but the best half was theirs. We have, 'after - all, pro duced much individuality and much hero ism, scattered over a great territory 'and through a great war ; and, besides, the war is not yet ended, and, though we have watched its passage, we have not yet read its history. Truly the war has its charac ters, as well as character. What, we are. curious in thinking, will history say of our modest "dronsides ;" our general of talis manic initials, our hero of " Unconditional Surrender," GRANT. Both North and South are comprehended in the story, and STONE WALL JACESON must forever be a part of its character. Old PETER MiIiILENBERO step ped from the pulpit, and took the " sword of the Lord and of Gideon." Moor:molt, likewise, must hereafter be remembered. Of fighting parsons:we have a . score. But, besides these instances, we look with broader affection upon the character of our people, our patriots, our women, and the humbler sol diers. We cannot soon fdrget the gray-haired man who went to the field and suffered with the youngest'; the young men who were cut down like - grass, who fell like heroes, and whose last words were an enthusiastic prayer. for their country. We think of _them shot dowin at their guns, fallen upon the ramparts which they so gloriously assailed, or stricken in the front of battle. We remember, With the last memorable words of our naval leaders, the droll and wonderful daring of the seaman who sat upon the powder to keep it from being fired ; all our humble heroes have. lost with' so much suffering, . but have given with. so much willingness, if only the na tion might be saved. Thc. early revolution had its noble women, but our own have not been les§ noble. Where they have be come heroines, they have also become saints. To their large and gentle charity let both "rebel" and "Federal" bear wit me ss. The labors of the Sanitary and Christian Commissions upon every field, robbing the war of its cruelty, and refining the nature of the contest ; the endurance, the steadfast ness, the hopefulness of a people that has become heroic in spite of itself—all this, and more, must enter into the story of our struggle. Truly, in view-of 'devotion like this, WASHINGTON might look upon his chil dren and not be ashamed. • Foreign Inconsistency. Foreign journalists apparently have not forgotten the leeson pleasantly given to therri sonic tWenty•five years ago, When T. D. RICE musically told their how easy it was " to wheel about, and turn about, and jump Jina Crew." In respect to the 4merican question, they have wheeled about, with a vengeance. . For nearly half a century, if there was one cry more than another that completely oc cupied the mind of England, it was " DoWn with Slavery and the Slave Trade." All classes, allranks joined in that cry, and at last, the fitting finale of the political labor; of CHARLES JAMES Fox and of the humane exertions of Tnoirns CLAIM:SON and WIL LIAM WILIIERFOECE 7 was the abolition of the Slave. Trade. Of course, this was only the commencement of the end, for the ultimate object was also to abolisl . Slavery in the :British dominions. Opposed to this, object was a powerful and wealthy oligarchy consisting of proprietors :of estates and slaves in the .British West India Islands, pei-sons with high social status, including members -.of both Houses of Parliament; who liberally subscribed to maintain: a de cided resistance, in the press, in the legisla ture, and at public meetings, to the humane policy of 'Emancipation. At last, twenty eight years after the Slave Trade was legally declared felonious, the British Parliament enacted that, on and from the first day. of August, 1884, Sla,very should be wholly and permanently abolished 5n the British Em pire, and the-great sum of $100,000;000 was voted to the slave-proprietors as'ecanpen sation for whateVer loss they might s.ustaiu from the loss of their human "goods and chattels.',' - It was aliberal grant, - worthy of a great nation, - and 1111 S acknowledged as such by the - whOle world. Other slave miming. nations. followed that grand ex ample,; the United States (or, more properly speaking, the Southern States that . held Eatery to be their " peculiar inatituition") did not. It is only fair .to add, however, that the. United States, as a nation, has acted in concert with England, siace the exportation of negroes front Africa was abolished, in maintaining a naval force off the coast of Africa to put ,down the Slave Trade; From 18134, when Emancipation freed all colored bondsmen in the British.dominions, until the commencement of. Mr. LINCOLN'S term of office, in the spring of 1861, public feeling manifested itself very strongly in England against American: slave-holding. In books and in pamphlets, in Parliament and at public meetings, in newspapers and in the social circle, it was warmly contended that Slavery was a blot upon the scutcheon of the United States At last, in the autumn of 1852, that remarkable voluine, " Uncle Tom's Cabin," was reprinted in London, and it created a furore in the hearts of En.g lishmen. Extravagant as it occasionally is, and, we must confess, iather tedious and wordy over its sable hero, the book had great power, and, from an American pen, was at once accepted by England as a cor rect picture of a very terrible condition of things in the Slave States. It not too much to say that, from the cot to the throne, that book made its,:readdis think and shudder. The ladie§ of England, headed by that influential and' respectable Matron, the Duchess of SUTHERLAND, were so much interested in the book that half a million of them subscribed their names to an address to its writer, in which, while they expressed the feelings which her writing had aroused in their hearts, they also denounced, in the strongel,t language, the crinie .of Slavery—a crime (oinmitted by_ the .Sonth and tacitly - subniiffePti; States. This was the state of the question, iu England, early in 1838. Eight years pass ed. by , with the crime of slavery still legally . committed in the South, and this feeling con tinued apparently unabated. Rebellion broke out. Secession became a fact. Fort Sumpter was attacked by the rebels. The " so-call ed Confederate Republic" was declared, its leading principle being the continuance, ex tension, and perpetuity: of Slavery, and England, forgetting her own fifty years' ac tion against that " peculiar institution," at once declared in favor of slaveholding Se cessia. That is, England forgot what her statesmen had enacted, her orators branded, her journals denounced, her clergymen preached, her noble and influential women signed against. To this hour, while under a mock neutrality," the slave- - owners are supplied with piratical ships :and -bucca neering seamen, with arms and ammu nition from • England, .a majority of her public men - are avowedly the. allies of the slaveholders and the bitter enemies of the emancipationists. Since History commenced recording her annals, one worldlever saw inconsistency half so flagrant as this. • England, that paid the hunclred million dol lars to free her - slaves, actively sympathizes and co-operates with the Confederate Se cessionists, who proclaim that slavery is the keystone of their arch ; nay. who would cheerfully 'revive the slave-trade if they hid the 'power. Truly, England has " wheeled about on this question of questions. If the occasion arose, she would give an-. other jump and "turn-about," with as much alacrity and with as little shame. Boasting of her own free institutions, (of which she is so enamored that she - keeps poor Ireland very scantily supplied with the same,) England yet reconciles it to her con science to side with the wrong=doer` in the great contest for the institution of freedom throughout this land. Already, at . the first reports of defeats sustained by the rebellious Pontli, we had English journals denying the possibility of such reverses, and, at last, • when,their truth became assured, affirming that' they i :really• amounted to very little. ' They hod , declared7that the rebel holding of Vicksburg was one of the great points of the war, and:when - Vicksburg fell, they affected to think_ th.at it mattered little in whose hands it might be. When the news of the -captnre of aharleston_reitohea - . - 1 ngrandras. tt"soon will, we shall have The Times say ing that - Charleston was n petty place, and that:its possession was entirely unimportant. When this war is . ende,d—a consummation now not remote—we may expect to find England deliberately unsaying all the hard abuse she has hurled against us during the last two years. Inconsistency is her charac ter. She cannot help being capricious, no More than she can help being foggy and damp. It is part and parcel of her nature. This may account for the fact that, with scarcely any exception, the leading Powers of the earth are, on cool terms with her. They - cannot trust her. The Draft in New. York. NEW I.roRK, August 25.—The draft was 'continued tc•day in the POurth and Seventh districts. It was also commenced in the Eighth district, where the trouble first commenced on the 13th of July, but no disturbances have occurred. • General Canby continues his vigilance, and the military force in the city and vicinity is on the in crease. A New Expedition. After the draft has been successfully carried out in this city and Brooklyn, and the ,soldiers here are no longer needed for the intimidation of rioters, an ex pedition will be organized by a well-known general officer, who -is mow- engaged in•obtaining steam transports and 'sailing vessels, upon which to eat bark his command. At this time it would be highly insProperlo make known the destination of this new expedition, which is intended to strike a blew at the rebels quite as disastrous as the Tall of Charleston or Savannah could be. The War Department have determined to .strike quick and hard before the fall elections, and have decided upon a plan of action that will confirm the faith of wavering States in the strength of the Union, as well as destroy the rebel armies. The Army of the Potomac having ntany times unsuccessfully attempted the capture of Richmond, is likely to be reorganized under another name, and, while Washington will not be left unde fended, the warriors of the Potomac will obtain glory in another direction. Instead of spending the dog , days in the Virginia swamps, those gallant soldiers will be transported at once to within a few miles of the scene of their operations, and capture Richmond by their exploits hundreds of miles away from the rebel capital,—N. Y. Sun. THE PRESS. PHILADELPHIA; . WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 2.6, 1863: cif AVA,SFEEN - 4G-7:OrkiT. Special Despatches to The Press. WASHINGTON', August 25, 1363. Sumpter Reduced and Charleston Shelled. A despatch was received here to-day, dated Fort ress Monroe, saying that Captain OnrsnoLr reports that Fort Sumpter is reduced and Charleston shelled. .Captain CHISHOLM commands the- flag of-truce steamer New York, and had just arrived at Fortress Monroe from City Point. It is plain that the rePort attributed to him is based on the Charleston tele gram from the Richmond papers," and which was despatched from Fortress Monroe to the Associated Press. General MEREDITH accompanied Captain CHISHOLM', and all that was telegraphed to the War Department was the substance of the same telegram. Beyond this there is no later information in pohsession of the Government concerning. the movements be fore' Charleston. Payment of the Troops. The Pay Department has made arrangements by which paymasters will hereafter be assigned to par ticular descriptions of troops, instead of sortie of them, as now, attending to all kinds in the service.' This will facilitate the disburaernents: • The Homestead Law. The largeat numbeenf applications for lands under the homestead law are from Wisconsin, Michigan, Minns, and Washington Territory. The revenue from the public domain is scarcely more than nomi nal. No additional lands will be immediately ad vertised for sale. Fortress Monroe. POTITRICSS MoNnox, August 2-I. The English frigate Rinaldo sailed from Hampton Roads yester day, for Bermuda, and from there she, is to prooeed to Halifax, This is the first time foreighteen months that there has not been one or more 'English.vessels of war in Hampton Roads. - The steamship S. R. Spaulding arrived this morn irg from New York, and sailed for Charleston this afternoon. . The Dutch brig La Favorite, from Honduras, bound to New York, put in here this morning, short of provisions.. THE KANSAS MASSACRE. Pursuit:of Quantrell's GaUg—T#lrty-one Guerillas Killed. KANSAS CITY, August 24,-Gee, Ewing has just returned from the pursuit of quantrell's rebel force concerned in the massacre at Lawrence. It is esti mated that . the gang did not number mole than three hundred. They disbanded at the head of Grand River, some going south and some north and east, and others scattering into the brush. Our forces have been divided accordingly, and are closely pursuing, and a continual skirmishingls going on. Lieut. Col. Lazear, with two squadrons of the Ist Cavalry of Missouri State Militia, had an engage ment-with 100 guerillas. on Big Creek, near Harri sonville, Missouri, killing five, and capturing actn. siderable qiiantity of goods and horses stolen at Lawrence. Thirty-one guerillas have been killed so far. HELP FOR THE SUFFERERS. ST. Lours, August 25. - -The Union Merchants' Exchange passed a resolution to-day condoling with the citizens of Lawrence, and appointing a corn. reittee of len to collect contributions for the relief of the sufferers. . . General Schofield has issued ,a strong order against bushwhackers- and guerillas, and permitting the loyal citizens to bear angle for their own protection, and to aid the troops when necessary. THE PURSUIT OF QUANTRELL. KAIVS.....kS • CITY, August 25.—Q,uantrelPs force reached the head-waters of Grand river, Gass county, about noon the day after the burning of Lawrence, and there divided into squads of forty and fifty, and scattered in various directions. Our troops were half an hour behind, and were also divided, and continued the pursuit. A detachment ordered from Lexington met part of the rebel force near Pleasant Hill, and killed seven, and recovered a considerable amount of goods taken from Law rence. A report has just reached here that Major Plumb and Major l`cacher overtook a companyin Lafayette, killing thirty. The total killed, according to the last report, is between sixty and seventy. Our de tachments are still in pursuit. It is ascertained that Quitutrellta whole force was 300 selected men, who assembled from Lafayette, Saline, Clay, .Tohnatonoand the border counties, on Thursday noon, at the head of the middle fork of Grand river, fifteen miles from the Kansas line, and the same day started for . Kansas. Our scouts brought word that afternoon to the military Station at Aubry, six miles north of the place where they crossed the line, of the assembling on Grand River, and an hour after their entrance into Kansas other scouts brought word .to that effect. -- The informa tion was-at once communicated to all - the stations' on the border, and to the district headquarters at Kansas City, thirty-five miles north of Aubry. A delay of three or four houra occurred at each sta tion, tO gather in part of-the patrolling and scouting parties, when the pursuit was begun from each sta tion separately, leaving a portion of the troops to Fetch the border, and endeavor to prevent Quan frelPareturn to Missouri. • Quantrelffs men told many persons, before- reach ing Lawrence, that they were going there to destroy the town, but by some strange fatality the people along the route, who might easily have got word to Lawrence, did not try. - A messenger, sent by Capt. Coleman to notify the people of Lawrence of Quantrell's approach, failed to get through. Quantrell obtained a supply, of fresh horses at Lawrence, which enabled him to outstrip and:elude:. the Puranit of our soldierly Whose , horses' were nearly exhaust*d. *hen ',they reacffed him, six in the pursuit were able to keep up . with the enemy and often coMpelled him.to halt and forin a line of- battle, but the soldiers 'could not force their -jaded horses to .n gallop for a charge and pursuit, and went on ineffectively. At night Quantrell broke his trail near Paoli, and our troops were delayed all night in finding it. No damage was done by Quantrell from the time our forces came up with him until he got out of Kansas. The pursuitwas so case he was compelled to abandon most of the . * horses they were leading and goods stole* from Lawrence. CALI FO %NIA. SAN FRANCIS . CO, August 24.—The steamer Ore gon. has arrived from the northwestern' ports of Mexico, bringing $114,500 in treasure and two hun dred and fifty packages`of. specimen ores from the mines of Sonora and Senalo. The various CaliTornia Mining companies, engaged in developing the silver mines, were in good spirits at the prospects. - Sandwich Island dates to July 2.5 th have been ceived. The news is unimportant. The number of foreign vessels arrived at Honolulu during the first half of the presentpear - was less by one.ha,lf than during the corresponding period of last pear. There was a greatscarcityci of laborers for the su gar plantations, and parties were earnestly urging the Government autlierities to import .Coolies from Polynesia. The population of the Islands was decreasing more rapidly than at any ' former period. It is now estimated that they contain only . 66.000 inhabitants. Mayor Opdyke's Message. NEW YOBS, August 25.—Mayor Opdyke sent in to the Councils to-day his *sessile vetoing the $5,000, Coo exemption ordinance. .He . propoeea to provide for the exemption only of policemen, active fire men, and.active mffitiamen who may be drafted, and to provide for:the destitute families of citizens who may also be drafted. The message is quite long, and discusses the merits of the question in volved. Disaster at Vicksburg. CINCINNATI, August 25.—Some particulars of the terrible explosion on the steamer Lady Madison, at Vicksburg, are received. The boat was being loaded with ammunition, and had received nearly a full load, when a - negro carrying a percussion shell on board let it fall, causing an instant explosion. The boat took fire, whit `4 communicated to the . ammunition. The steamer as entirely destroyed. Out of one 10141'0 and B _tymen on board, only four are known to have ems ed. The steamer was a large, aide•wheel boat, owned by Captain S. S. ?TM., of Dighton, and worth about $40,000. Wreck of the Steamer George's Creek. . NEW Yonx, August 25.—The brig ilatikla, frOra Havana; has on behrd the captain, crew, - and pas - aengers of theoteamer'George'a Creek, which wee wrecked in a gale off, Cape . Hattaras. (No date.) The George's Creek sailed hence on the 19th for Porto Cabello. The steamer was abandoned on the 20th that., with ten feet of water in the hold.' She Jiad a cargu_of_cniii, and bound, o Port Royal. Her crew . , and piteeengers were in the boats for forty eight hours, and were picked up by the Spanish brig Louisa, and brought to this port. Mord Lyons In Canada. HAMILTON, 0. W., August .25.--Lord Lyons and suite arrived here this evening. They will remain here till to-morrow, and then proceed to _lgontresl and Quebec. , . The' Great Eastern. Nmv Tonic, August 25.—The.` steamer Great Eastern brings one thousand passengers and a large cargo. • Arrivals. NEW YORK, August 25.—Arrived, Ilhip Guy Man neriog, from Liverpool. Death at Saratoga. SARATooa, Aug. 25.—The wife of the Rev. Ohas. A. Smith, D. D., of Philadelphia, died last even ing, at the Bedortha House, in this place, of pneu monia. Ship -brews! r NEIV Yonx, August 25,-I)..rrived, bark Idomeneo, from Sunderland ; bark 'Dorothea Henrielta, from Buono' Ayres. The schooner Vain* from. , Port Royal, reports: Aug. 24, in lat. 37, long. 75, spoke schooner' Rachel, of and for Philadelphia, with loss of mainmast, fore sail, bulwarks, &c., in hurricane, off H Cape aile:. Jas. and was putting back. Below, 'ship - John Spear, from Havana; brigs Agostura and Humboldt. More Of, ilie Captured Correspondence.' Here is another of, the " Democratic"letters found among Jeff Day s papers, at -jaokson, , lgiss. It is from an ex-Senator of the United Stateit,,one of whose effusions we have already published: PHILADELPHIA, March 7th, IMO. Mr: Jefferson My DEAR - Sin : Can you tell me if General Ler man is likely to remain much lodger in Nicaragual. I should like to go to that country, and help °Fen it to civilization and niggers. I could get strong recom mendations from the President's present friends in Pennsylviinia t for the place, were, the mission va cant, and I think I would prove a live minister. I'sm.tired of being a white Slave at the North, and long for a .home in the sunny South. . .lease let me hear from you when you have lei sure.: Mrs. Brodhead unites with me in-sending kind reniembrances to. Mrs. Davis and yourielf. Sincerely and gratefully your friend,- , JOHN BRODIEAD THE SIEGE OF CHARLESTON. Regular Advlees to the 2:2d, and Rebel Accounts to the 23d. F or t Sumpter Assailed on all Sides, its Flag Shot turay, and its South Wall Destroyed, o,en. Gibnore Demands the Surrender of Norris Island and Sumpter. He Threatens to Shell Charleston. NO REPLY TO OUR BOMBARDMENT. FORT SORTER IN RUINS. OFFICIAL RUMOR OF ITS SURRENDER. EXPEDITION AGAINST. JAMES ISLAND BATTERIES, CHIRLESTON BOMBARDED. Fifteen 8-inch Parrott Guns - Opened on the City, THE NON-COMBATANTS LEAVING IN PANIC. ANOTHER REBEL DESPATCH All the Parpet Gun! Dlquounted. MUTED SURRENDER OF FORT WIGNER. PORT MOULTRIE SILENCED The Boinbardinent Still Progres4ng. FROM MORRIS ISLAND Nnw Yona, August 25.—The steam transports Cumbria. and America arrived here TO-day, with ad vises from Morris Island to midnight of the 21st. The bombardment of Fort Sumpter still continued, and the south wall had been demolished almost to its line. Forts Wagner, Gregg, and other rebel batteries, re. plied at short intertrals. An expeditia was fitting out to silence the James Island batteries, which had become annoying. Our casualties were small. Every confidence in our success was felt by the officers and troops. REPORTS FROM FORTRESS MONROE. FORTRESS Morz.noz, Aug. 21.—The steamer City of Richmond, Captain Kelly, arrived at Hampton Roads to•day at noon. Captain Reny reports having left off' Charleston on Saturday last at 10 o'clock A. M. The rebel flag on Fort Sumpter was shot away on Thursday, and again on Friday, and no reply was made to our bombardment, which was constantly kept up. The whole of the southwest side of Sumpter was demolished, and presented nothing but a heap of ruins. No guns were being fired from the fort. At 9 o'clock, on Friday morning, breaches were observed in Sumpter by means of a spyglass by the ships off Charleston bar. The siege was then pro gressing on our part. For the last seven days our casualties had avera ged only about four per . day. LATER REBEL DESPATCHES. FORTRESS MoNnoz, August 9A —The flag-of-truce steamer New York arrived here this morning. The Richmond Sentinel of the Nth contains the following despatch: OBABLE9ToNt &us ust 22.—The fire of the enemy's land batteries have been kept up on Fort Sumpter, and more guns disabled. There was only one casu alty. There was also a heavy fire on Battery Wagner from the fleet and land; also on Battery Gregg, The casualties at Wagner are one officer and four privates. - General Gilmore , a demand for the surrender of Fort Sumpter and Morris Island, with the threat to shell Charleston in four hours from the delivery of the at Wagner, was signed and returned at 7 o'clock this morning. Beanmard, in his reply; charges inhumanity upon - the - federaoTTincri.-,402...w0n orthejaws of War; and affirms that if the offence be repeated he will employ stringent measures of retaliation, Up to this time the thrpat to shell the city has not been executed. OdartratsTow, August 23.—0 n Saturday six hun dred and four shots were fired at Fort Sumpter, of which four hundred and nineteen struck inside and outside. The east wall is much scaled and battered in, and the parapet undermined. The northwest wall arches too have fallen in. The guns were dismounted and one private killed. On Sunday the land batteries opened from south and north, and the monitors from east and west, coming close up. The fire was very damaging. The east wall was cracked and wrecked, and the shot 'swept through the fort. A shell burst, wounding Lieut. Bayleton serious- ly, Col. , Rhett, Capt. Fleeting, Lieut. Scanlan, and Fickling. • The fort is 210 W a ruin! ' Col. Rhett is ordered, with, his brave garrison, to hold this outpost, even as a forlorn hope, until re lieved or taken. On Saturday, at Fort. Wagner, a lieutenant and four men of the siege train were wounded. On Sunday, the brave Col. Gaillard lost his life. It is said today that there are twenty-three vessels inside, including the Ironsides and monitors, &e., and thirteen outside the bar. Gen. Gilmore sent a communication at 11 o'clock on Sunday, giving notice that at 11 o'clock to-mor row he would open fire on Charleston. In the mean time the nomcombatants can go out of the city. THE REPORT OF SURRENDER. A despatch has been received in this city this af ternoon, from well-informed parties in Washington, to the following effect: “WAsairtaxorr, August 25.—The Navy Depart inent has information that Fort Sumpter has sur rendered:, ' NEW Yon's - , Aug. 25.—The schooner IYI. Rodgers, from Folly Island, has arrived. She left on the 21.1 th, and reports that at six o'clock on that day the -entire top of Fort Sumpter was completely gone. Every parapet gun was dismounted and knocked 'into the sea, and the siege was progressing terribly in earnest. It was reported that Fort Wagner Would soon surrender. Non.7or,x, August O.—The* Richmond Eavnainer ,'of tO•day is received, With Charleston dates of the 124th, stating "that at :12 o'clock last night the enemy opened fire on the city with fifteen 8-inch Parrott shells. - The non•combatants are leaving the . city in continuous streams.? `THE BOMBARDMENT IN PROGRESS-FORT MOULTRIE SILENCED. Nina Yokx, August 25.—The steamship Constitu tion arrived This evening, from Hilton Head at 7 A. M. on August 22d, and Charleston Bar at 5.313 P. M. tof the same day. Left at anchor off Charleston Bar the 'United States steamer. Brooklyn; with steam up, for New York, having on board the remains of Capt. Rodgers and Paymaiter - Woodbury, of the Katskill. - The bombardment was going on with great energy, and the firing was very rapid, The last reportfrora Morris Island was, that Sumpter had not responded to our guns for two days, and was almost entirely derirolished. Fort Moultrie had also been silenced. The Arago was to leave onllonday. American Ordnance. [From fbe English Army and Navy Gazette. 3 We mentioned in our last number the successful efforts of the Americans in the improvement of their cast iron ordnance, which we believe to be traceable to the spirit of emulation which exists between the ,'Army and = Navy Ordnance Departments, and their working heads, Captains Rodman and Dahlgren, being heldresponsible for the weapons turned out. Hence the slightest' alteration in the forni or con struction of either the army or navy guns is closely watched by the other Department, and the result is " steady progress." Most artillerists know that to Captain (now Admiral) Dahlgren the best form of kun is due, and in Captain Rodman, of the United states army. is owing the present admirable plan of casting hollow and cooling from the interior of the i gun ; and although the one constructs ordnance for the navy only, and the other the heavy fort guns and field pleces,, there is scarcely any difference in the-patterns of their weapons, which - -are 'all cast at the, same foundries, and of similar bore,- so that the"shotare interchangeable. • - After careful experiments, however. the value of which are best indicated by the fact of their being quoted by the Woolwich ordnance i committee as confirming their statement of the necessity for al tering our old plan of proving guns, it was found that cast-iron alone could not be depended upon for rifled guns, and, consequently, Mr. ParroWs plan of strengthening with wrought metal—was_ adopted. This plan differs as much from the looping pursued in France and Spain as from our own building-up systems, and consists of placing a single •massive jacket over the breech of the gun. So effectually does it strengthen the rifled weapon, that they are found to safely withstand 1,000 discharges with elongated shot, and to give a velocity of 1,800 feet per second with the solid balls, which are also fired from them. The rifled guns used for these round shot are of the =pounder 8 and Winch•bOre, and which, besidea, do excellent work as •rlfles, with a range which few guns exceed, being as much as 3,800 at ten degrees elevation. We trust that these re. sults will attract the attention of our responsible authorities. Att Appeal to Democrats. To tie Editor of The Preen: Sin: During a long life, now fifty-eeven years of age, I have seldom struck the ticket, generally voted for every man on it. My first vote was polled in Locust ward in Philadelphia, and every vote I have polled since has been in that city, my present legal residence. The old Democratic party was, as is well known, broken up by. Southern traitors and their sympathisers in our midst. New men and new prin ciples, adverse to the perpetuity of our Government, have assumed the title of Democracy, and slander and vilify that title. I am sorry to see some old friends adhering to the new organization, grasping the shadow while the substance has departed. Many of my old friends love the name Democracy so well, that without stopping to reason or to think of the consequences, continue in 'bad company. I implore them to pause ere it be too late. For exam ple, let them look to the conduct of Governor Sey mour, of Now York, who was elected by the war cry of a more vigorous prosecution of the war. How cruelly have the masses been deceived by him and his desperate political associates! He has, with all his cohorts, labored to embarrass the Govern ment in the prosecution of the war, by exerting his every energy to prevent men enlisting, to vigor. ously prosecute the war. How is the war to be vigorously prosecuted without soldiers in the field'? His letter to the President in reference to the draft is among the leading proofs against him ; but the President, with the iron will of Jackson, says this firing at the brave army in the rear ,must cease, and the draft must go on ; and on it is going, with out more bloodshedand sacrifice of, property to the city of New York. No thanks to Gov, Seymour. It, is not his Adjutant General, Sprague, an officer la the regular army. Is it meet that he should continue in the army while he- continues to be the tool of Sey mour and his corrupt faction in opposition to the army 7 We think not, and I call the attention of the Secretary of * War to that matter. Do not these things speak in a voice of thunder to the people of Pennsylvania, and warn them to se cure, by all possible means, an unquestionably loyal man for tf,:le Governor at the coming electlonl Andrew Q. Curtin is the man. He has been tried, and not found wanting. Had he been of the Sey mour stamp, such ;;as Woodward is, the farms of entire Pennsylvania would have been desolated, and its 'beautiful cities sacked, if not reduced to ashes by that vile traitor, Robert E. Lee, and hia deluded followers. Lee's ingratitude to his coun try, that fed, clothed, and educated him from early boyhood up to the date of his treachery, will point him out forever as an ingrate of the blackest die. The brand of traitor will follow him to his grave, and descend to his latest posterity. I trust my old Democratic friends throughout. Pennsylvania will abandon en mane the dishonest conclave, get out of bad company, stand by the Union,'and vote for the industrious, energetic, and faithful Curtin, and elect him by Buell an overwhelming majority as, may for ' ever rebuke the plotters of treason in the old Key stone State. ' George W.Woodward,the Copperhead candidate for Governor, attended, and waa one of the chiefs at the meeting, held at the Girard House to celebrate the last 22d of February, at which the regular and stereotyped toasts, The President of the United States, The Army and Navy of the United States, were omitted. Do you want stronger proof of his Seymour character? If he could not ,toast the President, what had the army and riskily of the United States done? I remember, towe.rditie close of that assemblage of certain citizens, *nod ward (as if to fix upon him intentional disregard of the President and the Army and Navy), in order to call out an officer of the army who was present, did condescend to give "The Army." No man can tell whether he meant the army of Jeff DaVla or that of the United States, he did not state which. Will 'the fathers and brothers of the brave boys in the field, or of those who have fought their last battle, and sleep, covered with glory, vote for such a man? I dont believe it, Col. Forney. However distant I may be from my native horhe, Philadelphia, I will try to be in the city on the second Tuesday in October, to vote for Governor Curtin, the patriot, and faithful sentinel on the watch-tower of our dear country. I am, sir, yours, truly, AN OLD DEKOCH AT. Publications Received. From T. B. PETERSON & BROTHERS Harper's Magazine for September. The best num ber published for some months. "An Unprotected Female in the EaSt " is the essence of a very amusing book lately issued in London, with the comic illus trations reproduced. These last are more than ar tistkal, for, with a certain amount of carieaiura, they are very truthful. The PennsylvanialCoal Re gion is described and finely illustrated ; "Romola " and "The Small House at Allington" are continued, and, among a variety of other readable articles, we notice a character. sketch of Theodore Hook. Har per's announcement of forthcoming books includes Eulwer , sr Castoniana ;"." Mary Lindsay," a novel by Lady Emily Ponsonby ; "Martin Pole," by John Saunders; "The Ring of Annals," by Owen Mere dith gyoung Bulwer) ; Thackeray's "Roundabout Papers ;" and Miss Clayton's " Queens of Song," with portraits. Public Entertainments. ACAPEMY OF Musro. 7 ;,-Mr. Booth is now exhibit• ing a number of performances which, as studies of a thoughtful actor, deserve the attention and criticises of the theatre-goer. To-night he will play Ivo to the Othello of Mr. L. H. Barrett, logo is doubtless one of. Mr. Booth's most appropriate characters. Sombreness, depth of color, and, withal, vitality, are qualities of Mr. Booth's most individual dra matic pictures. Richard and "'ago are instances of these qualities ; the former more profound in energy, the latter,more versatile as a seuny. lago bears a relation to Richard similar to that Bendel would bear to Othello--the philosophic contraated with the aative - character. Doubtlesm in.111.r.-Biiotleskep we shall hiss-bost intellectual' stUdy. At all ireafs; it will be an interesting performance. UNPRODUCTIVE BRITISH DRAILA.—The Athencettm, in an article uporithe modern drama, makes the fol lowing bold assertion : "It would hardly be rash to say, that since the production of Virginius, s forty years since, no original tragedy has proved re munerative to. the manager who ,fist produced it. We are even disposed to think that' Tirginius itself might be included in this statement, although that noble work became a stock-piece, and its revival, both in London and the provinces, occasionally served the purposes of a 'star.' The 'lon' of the late Mr. Justice Talfourd, though greatly admired, had but a moderate run •, and, in this respect, may probably be classed with Mr. Westland Marston's 'Patrician's Daughter and Mr. LovelPs 'Provost of Bruges'—tragedies which, though they have aince been attractiveovere - unprofitable to the theatres that introduced - them." The critic overlooks, among others, "Richelieu," "The Lady of Lyons," and "Money "—all by Sir Lytton Buirver—all of which paid the manager who first produced them.—Amer. Publishers , Circular. Markets. BALTIMOUE, Aug. 25.—Flour very dull ; Award street super., $5.60. Wheat quiet; Kentucky white, 1..50Q1 60. Corn dull; white, 7.1@75a. Whisky firm at 48%c. - TIIE 40 I 'l' , SIMULATED DISEASES.—The statistics connected wsth simulated diseases suggest many • curious individual eases. The emotions and interests of men have very much to do with the feigning of disease, as well as with the cnncealing of it. Re-„, venge, fear, shame, the desire for gain, the wish- to extort, will impel to the one, as readily as the ea gerness to shirk some duty or punishment, to obtain an insurance on life, or become a successful appli cant for pension, will lead to the other. The modern Egpptians, we are told, practised dissimulation upon system. Not more than thirty years ago, to produce disease or disability became a business, chiefly fol. lowed by old women. Its operations were mostly carried on with the boys and younger men, and chiefly consisted in cutting off a finger, putting out on eye, breaking out the teeth, or perpetrating a still more offensive and efficient order of mayhem. In protracted want feigned diseases greatly mul tiply in armies and navies. All maladies are, of course, not equally capable of being feigned, and, of course, those most easily simulated are ofteneit so. It has been observed that at periods when exemp tion-mania is in full force, it is often as difficult to detect a feigneddisease 'as to cure a real One. Ex cellent general rules for detection exist—rules, hoe!. ever, which the examining . surgeon can always ex pect to be able readily to carry out. In conscript, twin other cases, dekterous physicians- may indeed ascertain whether the symptoms present necessarily belong to the disease ; 'whether there is a willingness. to apply the proper remedies, or whether the disease under examination will stand a comparison with - the causes capable of producing it. The comparison and contrast in such cases elicit reliable results,; but to follow the whole course of the' complaint, to mark the successive stages, to obtain precise and accurate information_ as to the physical and moral habits of the one under examination, cannot be done with equal facility. Disease may exist, and the symptoms be falsely aggravated. Since no false hood is so aud . ceseful as one interwoven with truth, so no feigned disease is so plausible as one in which the sYmptoms are partly facts and partly factitious. Over fifty causes for exemption exist. At the time of the commencement of the draft in Philadelphia these were published in the various daily newspapers. The, public, particularly those of it who wish to plead exemption; has by this time a general idea of what these causes are in the main, if not a thorough comprehension of them in detail. It is one thing to be a volunteer, another to be a conscript, another to be an exempt, and still another to be an impostor. These, together with those who consider themselves so fortunate or unfortunate as not' to-. have been drafted, make up the nation at the present time. Each is judged in his proper light, and to the impos tor is brought home all that obloquy which, since he will not bear arms, he is so well fitted to bear. What are the arts by which impostors succeed, or by which, at least, they attempt success? Shall we be rendering them aid or comfort by dwelling briefly upon these arts? American ingenuity has been ridiculed and envied. _We do not believe; however, that ingenuity in feigning disease has as yet, among , them, been carried to any great extent, and ive do believe that if it should be, the ingenuity of draft commissioners and examining surgeons will keep pace with it, and be more than sufficient to baffle the dissimulation. In this, as in everything, the truth of nature will put to the blush the pretence of art. In the French and English wain, the art of feigning diseases among the conscripts of both nations was brought to full peifection. It is not to be doubted that at this time, and in this country and city, there are not- . a few practitioners, of this art. The means of , -dissiinulation are curious; a glance at ' those of them which are not indelicate nor repulsive may be 'found somewhat diverting. Power's of mimicry and enduramie Will often go very far. Pseudo consumptives complain of pains 'tthe chest. They cough delicately. They make their gums bleed, and thus tinge the expectoration. Catarrh and bronchitis convalesCents are some times very happy in their simulation of consump tive symptoms. Thofie most reticent on the subject of complaint become the most voluble, since the dirty work they have to do requires that they shouid maketvelesin breast of it. Pain is the syuiptom of disease most easily pre tended. But pain, whether simulating headache, neuralgia, in any of- its forms, rheumatism, lum bago, or affections of, the muscles, bones, or joints, is a systein of disease so very easily pretended that it is not to be admitted as a cause for exemptiOn, unless accompanied with manifest derangement of the general health, wasting of a limb, or other posi tive signs of disqualifying local disease. It is true that real and feigned pain have been mis taken for each other by physicians. Rheumatism is Remelted, and the imposition is more frequently discovered by the inconsistencies and contradie lions which the patient makes in the history of his complaint, than by symptoms which are self distinguishing. Internal pain it is difficult to dis prove. Examination during sleep, the exhibition of an anodyne are among the methods of detection. When great weakness is the plea, a quantity of ar ticles is used to produce pallor of the skin ; loss of appetite is urged, and abstinence really practised; swelling of the legs is promoted by ligatures round them. In epilepsy, foaming at the mouth is pro duced by the free use of soap. The real epileptic, to be sure, is anxious to conceal his situation rather than otherwise. The impostor cannot succeed in affecting the interrupted respiration, nor the swollen and livid appearance of the features, unless by the aid of the eaailsadiecoverable ligature round the neck. Neither can he feign the general paleness suddenly appearing at the climax of the paroxysm. Moreover, the features of the individual subject to epilepsy are united in an expression which has been graphically described as one of "sadness, ohnme, stupidity, and timidity." Convulsions hold about the same rank as epilepsy with respect to the frequency of their being feigned, and the means of detection. Protracted watching is frequently necessary. In cases, therefore, where this can not be exercised, the patient is not uefrequent ly completely successful. It would seem that scarcely any complaint is so frequently urged by those who wish to avoid military duty as near sightedness, (myopia.) nave any Philadelphia con scripts, we wonder, worn convex glasses in order to contract this disease'? :if so, it will be interest ing for ',them to learn that the disease is not a cer tain consequence. More commonly ouch a practice results in a weakened, defective sight, differing both from near-sightedness and from the effect of old age. Those who designedly accustom themselves to the use of glasses, and to reading books held close to the eyes, should, in older to be successful, be thoroughly informed with, regard to the symptoms of decided myopia. As to the artificially-excited ophthalmia, the fact 'of the counterfeit inflamma tion being confined almost solely to the right eye furnishes abundant cause for suspicion.- The stimulating substances 'used to produce this are many in number, and are sometimes em ployed with the utmost art, secrecy, and success. Think of a business in this line having sprung up, and of a doctor of medicine having made a fortune ,by a nefarious practice analogous to this ! State ments of authority bear one out in suggesting that such thing's have been done. Amaurotic conscripts may be suspected of using the extract of belladonna. Women of fashion sometimes use this, as well as another still more wonderful article, which we shall not name, in order to' quicken keener lightning in their eyes, and make those orbs ilashavith unwonted splendor. / Funny denouements have frequently attended the de tection of pretended deafness. The singular cast of countenance peculiar to the deaf is not easily simula ted,or being so maintained. Even whenthe deception has been for some time practised, so arduOus 'is the task that an ingenious and persevering physician will, in most cases, discover the fraud. Those who pretend to be both deaf and dumb have a part of still subtler difficulty to perform, and one of which very few are capable. The misogynist who shall review the statistics of those who have pretended to be deaf and dumb will find it difficult and tantalizing to be lieve that the sex proverbially the fondest of talking have most successfully feigned an incapacity for either. The chances in favor, of successful dupli city in this respect would, therefore, be on the side of the female sex rather than the male. The physi ognomy and the instinctive gesturing belonging to the deaf and dumb are very difficult of imitation. No conscript who has not something of the instinc tiveness of the woman in him need hope to be suc cessful. None other need apply. The majority of stammerers have, perhaps, no perceptible defect in the organ of sound, the most usual deformities be ing mal-placed teeth or an enlarged tongue. The person reigning is liable to overdo the business. Contractions, deformities, fractures, wounds, (both fictitious and factitious,) and even in certain cases insanity, have been simulated, and it is to be pre sumed will be simulated with the usual chances of Success. More than this, diseases which san have no existence have come under the consideration of the practised physician. The due administration of medical police has rendered so necessary a thorough knowledge of the subject of feigned diseases, that every year adds to the intelligence of those in whose hands that administration rests, and necessarily lessens the number of im poitore, and the chances of success of the few ' who remain. In every locality certain classes are exempted from military duty. The male population may be coneideted as the raw material to be manu factured into armies. Of this material a certain quantity is yet immature; another portion is be• yond maturity. One would think that even those least calculated by nature for military life would feel a disinclination to avoid it by the acknowledg ment of physical incapacity.. A certain *eminent satirist, who is a mixture of 'cynicism and geniality, argues somewhat in this way : " What qualities are there for which a man gets so speedy a return of ap plause, as those of bodily superiority, activity, and valor? Time out of mind, strength and courage have been the theme of bards and romances, and from the story of Troy down to to-day, poetry has always chosen a soldier for a hero. I wonder, is it because men are cowards in heart, that they admire bravery so mush, and place milis tary valor far beyond every other quality for reward and worship 1" The last sentence is somewhanxia licious. That men are not cowards in heart"; that man is not a coward has been proved in all ages of the world, and is being proved i&this age. Our own State—our own city—abundantWevinces this. Both_ the volunteers and conscripts of Philadelphia evince ' it. The abidance by tfte draft in this city shows that her citizens liive_peace, and yet promptly answer the call to arms. And although the draft commis sioners may doubtless have had some ludicrous and shameful experiencis forced upon them"; although there maybe more impostors here as elsewhere than we are now aware, yet there is a general conscious ness that in the end each citizen will have reason to congratulate himself and his neighbor for impartial and honorable conduct. POLlTlcAL.—Yesterdayinorning, the City and rCounty Conventions of the Democratic party assembled at Sansom•street Hall and Spring Garden Hall, respectively, for the purpose of making nomi nations for various local political offices. Nomina tions were also made in one Senatorial and in the Representative districts. In the evening ; the Demo cracy met in the various wards, and nominated councilmen, school directors, &c. The National Union party also elected delegates to the party conventions to meet to-morrow. The Legislitive nominations of the Democrats were as follows : District. District 1. James MoOrossin. 110. Chas. -N. Chapman. 2. Thomas J. Barger. in. James W. Hopkins. 3. Samuel Josephs. • ;12. John. Motz. 4. SameEi C. Whalley. 113.'-F. McManus.' 5. Hugh F. Kennedy. 114. A. R. Schofield. 6. Richard Ludlow. 115. 7. M. C. Thackara. 8. Jamei McLatighlin. Cl.l Jefferson S. Young. 9. George A. Quigley. THE DEMOCRATIC CITY CONVENTION. This Convention, which nominates a City Trea surer and City ommissioner. usually meets at National Guards Hall, was obliged to convene at Sansom-street Hall, as the former is now occupied by the military. The delegates.were called to order, and Mr. Trainer was elected - chairman, with R. J. Hemphill and William Gregory as ;temporary secre taries. The "outsiders , ' were then ejected from the room, and the regularlY elected delegates pre added their credentials. A recess was then taken till half past eleven o'Clock. - Upon reassembling, the Convention werifintoan.election for permanent officers, resulting, in the choice of Mr. Charles - L. Wolff for president, and George- Moore and Lewis W. Thornton vice presidents. The temporary secretaries were selected, and Mr. Charles Kerchline was chosen treasurer. A committee was appointed on resolutions, as follows : Chas. W. Carrigan. Felix Trainer, Jas. L. Marshall, John MolAaelrin, Robert Amstead, Saml. P. Brown, John Hamiltdit, Jr., Thos. H. Forsyth, Geo. Ratan. _ . . . After much time spent in the settlement of con tested seats, The :Convention proceeded' to make nominations for- City Commissioner. The following were the • Ist ballot. 95 ba110t.35 ballot. 4th ballot John Kane - 73 - '66 102 131 Jos. E. Ralston.. 38 43 56 75 Flieha Lovett... 39 36 46 James 'Kee 24 Joel E. James... 28 24 Mr. Kane was declared duly elected. Nominations were then made for City Treasurer The ballots were as follows : Ist ballot.- 2d ballot. 3d ballot 4th ballot Jr.o. Brodhead.. 60 60 94 136, DM. McClintock, 63 51 64 69 Alex. T. Dickson, Chas. Welsh..... 37 50 56 .. Mr. Brodhead was then declared the nominee of the Convention, amid great confusion and excite ment. The Committee on Resolutions then reported, en dorsing the nominations and "reaffirming the prin ciples laid down in the resolutions adopted by the Democratic State Convention of the 17th of :Tune, assembled at Harrisburg," and resolving also that "the election of Judge .Woodward will be carried by "an old-fashioned Jackson majority.?' It was like. wise Resolved, That were echo the sentiments of the re solution of the Democrats of old Northampton call ing upon the Legislature to repeal the charters of all corporations that shall have been engaged in pro scribing men for the exercise of their political opi nions, or in excluding from the institutions and pub lic conveyances under their control the Democratic press of the country, and we request the members from this city to aid, by all the means in their pow er, this laudable effort in behalf of constitutional freedom. ' After the adoption of the resolutions, hlr. Brod head entered the room, and was received with the wild shrieks of enthusiasm that characterize Demo cratic conventions. He was introduced bythe Chair. man, and returned his thanks for the honor the Con vention had done him in nominatinghim as the can didate for City Treasurer. He made no speeches, he said. but would introduce his friend Mr. George Northorp. Mr. Nortborp said that he was not so accustomed to speaking as his friends thought. He was glad that the nominations had been of so excellent a character. The coming election was alluded to as the most important one the people of Pennsylvania were ever called upon to participate in. It would be a triumph of a principle over a policy, and the Constitution over all its enemies. The Keystone State must be redeemed. [Applause.] Pennsyl vania must be a free State, and rid of its Yankee generals. Judge Woodward was no mere boy. He had a spirit, and when elected will showhow much of a patriot he is. The New England Cabinet have sowed the wind, and they must reap the whirlwind. They are reaping it now, and - the great Democratic patty was once more rising in its strength and glory. That party only was the salvation of the country. The Convention, after this speech, adjourned sine die. ,DENOCRATIO COUNTY CONVENTION. This Convention met at Spring Garden 'Hall to nominate candidates for Coroner, Recorder_ of Deeds, Clerk of Quarter Sestions, and Prothonotary of the District Court. _ The Convention was called to - order at 1.0. &clock, and Mr. Edmund Brewer, of the Seventeenth ward, was chosen temporary president. Messrs. Sherry and Mealy were appointed secretaries. Nominations were then madetorpermanent presi dent. Messrs. Philip Lowry, Tr., and Wm. Curtis were nominated. The ballot resulted as follows-: . . Curtis, 94 ; Lowry, 84. Mr. Curtis was declared elected president. He thanked the Convention, and hoped that such a ticket as the Democratic party.shall not be ashamed of -mill be presented. Messrs. Philip Lowry. Jr., and Jacob J. Water man were then chosen vice,presidenta by =lama. lion. The temporary senetariea were, ea motion. sleet- ed the permanent aecretaries, and Geo. A. Wag'ler Was appointed treasurer. At this point the Convention adjourned until 4. o'clock. AFTERNOON SESSION. —The Convention realism. bled at 2 o'clock. The contested seats were then taken up. There were quite a number of theme, and each one was re ferred to a committee to hear the cases of the dif ferent parties claiming to be delegates, and to report to the Convention. The committees retired imme diately upon being appointed. This portion of the business of the Convention consumed about two hours. ' The committees then made their reports. When the Fifth precinct of the Nineteenth ward was reported, an individual approached the presi dent's stand and objected to the report. He declared that the committee had not given one of the parties any show. The President stated that the report of the com mittee was final. The objecting delegate was not to be put down so. He essayed to speak, as did another delegate. The President rapped with his gavel, but as soon as he stopped both individuals commenced speaking. Here there were loud cries of "order, order," and the rapping with the president's gavel was con tinued for fully five minutes. The man who had created the disturbance per sisted in having his say again, and addressed the chair. Cries of pet him out," "order," &c. The President told the : refractory individual to re tire, but this he ratified to do, and he was finally run out by the doorkeeper, assisted by some of the delegates. The other contested seats were settled without any further disturbance. The President then appointed the following com mittee on resolutions: William McMullin, John Campbell, Charles Clarke, R. T. Willington, Henry L. Wolf, Alex. Shinh le, and Jesse Vo,gdee. The Convention then went into general nomina tions for Coroner, with the following result: Andrew Lowry, Alexander F. X. Galinher, James C. }Teich, John Metz, John Crawford, Joseph Hall, Michael Burns, John M. Milers, Jacob Knorr. Mr. Jobn Campbell moved that the Convention adjourn until ten o'clock this morning. ° Chia raised a breeze. There were cries of "No." "No," "General Nominations," "'Yeas and Nays," Mr. Campbell then Raid that, for the sake of has he would withdraw the motion. Mr. J. W. Boileau moved that the Convention make general nominations, and that the secretaries be instructed to have lists printed. Mere there was another scene of confusion, and the president was again obliged to use his gavel freely. After order had been restored, the question was taken upon the motion to make general nominations, and it was agreed to. The following nominations were then made For Clerk of the Quarter 'Sessions—Robert D. Sherrerd, Philip B. Lutts. J. A. J. Lewis, james D. Callender, Edmund Burke, G. S Lockhart, John K. Murphy, - Alex. Martin. and Edwin S. Keyser. Prothonotary of the District Court—Lewis T. Mears and William Loughlin. Recorder of Deeds—A.. R. Paul, I. M. Post, E. R. Relmbold, G. W. Wunder. James L. Barron, John Coates ' S. C. Thompson, Jacob Nullet, John Cook, and B. F. Jackson. Mr. Wm. it[cMnilin then moved that the Conven tion, adjourn Until ten o'clock to-morrow (this' , morning. • Upon this the yeas and nays were called, and re sulted as follows—yeas 100. nays 78. The Convention then adjourned. • DEMOCRATIC SENATORIAL CONVENTION The Senatorial Convention met at the house of John Halfpenny, corner of Ninth and Manilla streets, and Wag called to order by Mr. Henry S. Schellenger being chosen temporary chairman, and Messra. Tames Murphy and William Caldwell se cretaries. The seata of the delegate from the 4th division, 2d ward, and that of the delegate from the Ist dirt, Sinn, 4th - ward, were contested. The election of permanent officers was then enter ed into. :fames Brorriffon, Esq., was elected president by acclamation. Maurice Agen was elected treasurer. James Wilson and William Tooten elected door keepers, and . Lawrence Fitzpatrick elected raea censer. • The former secretaries were continued. ' aseesement of twenty-five cents wailevied'on each delegate to defray the expenses of the hall, &c. The following gentlemen were appointed a com mittee to examine into the claims of the delegates bolding contested seats: Peter Adams, Bel shaw, Edw. Carey, Sohn Degan, Ch e leley, DL Farrell. and J. J Gile. They report favor of Michael Smith from the Fourth divisi of Second ward, and A. Martin from the First division of Fourth ward. ' Nominations were then made for candidate fa:Se nator amid scenes of the most disgraceful character. if a delegate attempted to make &nomination he Was bustled and threatened in. such 'a manner as to leap all the proceedings of the convention. Two of the delegates, when they got outside. took it upon them selves to imitate Heenan and Sayres in knocking each other down. The following names were put before the Cousea tion : Joseph Caldwell, Samuel M. Forster, J. P. Mc- Fadden, Folyer Diggen, and James W. Quigley.. A letter was received from Bin McFadden, vnth drawing his name from the list of nominate. After it was read a squabble was again commencedlo pre vent his name from being.withdrawn. His friends at last prevailed, and his name was not withdrawn- The vote was as follows: Caldwell 32 Forater 18 McFadden Diggen 2 _ Quigley On motion Mr. Caldwell's nomination was made unanimous. Messrs. Saeflinger, Lamb, and Gill-were ap pointed to inform Mr. Caldwell of his election, and to invite him into the room. On being introduced, he briefly returned his thanks for the honor of being nominated from among so many honorable names, He would do everything to be elected, and hoped that God would guide him so as to do no dishonora ble act to the country; if elected. He concluded by proposing three cheers for the Democratic narty. A vote of thanks was passed to the officers, and the Convention adjourned. DEMOCRATIC WARD NOMINATIOIr:3,—Th.e following are all the Democratic Ward nomina- tions for Select and Common Council, and Alder. men, that were Obtained in time for The Press of this _morning: First Ward.—Alderroan,. S. S. Burns Common Council, Robert Chestnut, Ezekiel B. Morrell. Second Ward.—Select Council, Dr. E. C. Kanterly. Third Ward -No nominations for Council. Fourth PlTard.Select Council; Henry Marcus. Fifth Ward.—Select Council. Tames F. Dillon. Eleverth•Ward.—Alderman, Wm. P. Becker; lent Council, Samuel G. King ; Common Council, Wilson Kerr. Tinelfih, Word.—Alderman, John R- Seibert; Tie , nomination - for Councilmen. Thirteenth Trard.—S , lect Courcil..Tames H. Daa }Vteenth. Ward.—Select Council, Robt. 0. Brodie Sixteenth Ward.—Common Council, Sas. Selferd. Twentieth, Ward.—Common Council, James DE Raub, Thomas F. Adams. Loss OF THE UNITED STATES BRIG BAIN BRIDGE.—The loss of the United States brig Bain . bridge at sea on last Friday morning, with all on boar excepting one man, will be heard with regret and cast a gloom overmany a domestic and friendly_ circle. The only survivor of the sad disaster was a mu latto man, who was taken to the receiving•ship Princeton .yesterday. The following is the state ment made by him : TIIN United States brig Bain bridge, while .on her way from New York to Port Royal, was struck by a sudden squall oft' Cape Hat teras on last Friday morning, capsized, and :gunk, But two men, both sailors, were saved by . fortu. nately clinging to one of the boats. One of these men periehed from exhaustion, and drinking salt water. The narrator was picked up by the 'brig - South Boston on Friday afternoon, and brought to the port of Philadelphia. He is unacquainted with. any of.the officers or crew of the Bainbridge, having just shipped on board the vessel at New York., We may add the Bainbridge was 259 tons, mounted - 2 guns, and was always considered a dangerous vessel, requiring great care to sail her, on account of he being no " tftllt," her '42a!!4t raki very much, _ The following is a list of her ofthJers i ;-, Thomas J. Dwyer, acting master, - commanding. :c A. G. Stebbins, ensign and executive °latest- :I: , E. H. Allis, assistant surgeon. 1 )- • C. C. Walden, assistant paymaster. I. John T. Hughes, sailing master. it Edwin E. Drake, ensign. . . Elias Smith, Jr.. Ralph G. Hotchkiss, Benin'? int N. Hamlin, and C. P. Moore„ masters' pates. Francis W. Courelyea, paymaster ' s clerk. S. Horace Smith, surgeon's steward. FIRES YESTERDAY.—The alarm. .of fire about half•past nine o'clock, yesterday morning, was' caused by the ignition, from carelessness, of some ,vapor from the still. in the distillery of Tease Cox, in Jones' alley. Damage trifling,. At two o'clock. yesterday afternoon, the dwelling house No. 1328 N. Thirteenth street, occupied by Saml. D. Prentzell, was somewhat damaged by fire by a child playing with matches and paper in the third story. Damage trifling. At half-past two o'clock, Yesterday afternoon, another alarm was sounded. Plus fire was the burn ing of the roofs of a couple of small houses in Her court, near Thirteenth and' Shipoen - streets. The fire originated from a spark from the chimney, The houses.were owned by Dr. Harper, and MU pied by Joseph Morrison and John Henderson. 7 The alarm at half,paat ~three o'clock was, caused by the burning of 'some composition for roofing . . This belonged to Means. Cooper, Warner & C 0.,. who had sentsome men to repair the roof of the hay press of Mr. I. Elliott, on Reed street, above Sixth. The kettle and furnace was on a wagon in front of the hay-press. During tbe absence of the attendant, one of a crowd of children turned the spiggot just to see the " black 4tuff run." It spirted out scald ing hot, and splashed all over the boy, scalding him severely on both' feet.. He: was bare-footed. The stuff ,getting into the furnace took fire, and in a sl: ort time the wagon was destroyed. It was speedily taken to-a lot from the haylcale, or otherwise that large place would 'have soon been in dames as the doors were open and - the strong Wind bloceing thin fire that way. The _lid who was burned la named Jamee-Hill. His parents live on a court near-Dick erson and Seventh streets. GREAT MEETLYG TO-NlGHT.—There will be a grand Union demonstration at Broad and Market streets this evening." Fireworks, music, patriotism, honesty, intelligence, and eloquence will contribute to make the evening pleasant. When , the proper times comes, there will be one of the greatest Union demonstrations ever seen in this metropolis ; so large will it be, indeed, and so imposing, that people will not have to travel far from the outskirts of the city to reach at least the outer edges of the mighty gathering. The Union multitude now embraces within its wide scope in Philadelphia the wealthest citizen'to the poorest intelligent man, whose hearts beat in unison for the country in opposition to all foes, foreign or..domestic, Party. politics, clans, - cliques, and Copperheads generally. To-night is simply a demonstration to arouse the people: A. series of such Meetings are to be held, because it is absolutely necessary, in order that all may hear, the eloquent Union orators, whose voices are to =be rahed behalf._ of the cause of our country in fighting for an honorable and lasting peace. • SALE OF REAL ESTATE, STOCKS, &C.— Thomas & • Sons sold at the Exchange, yesterday noon, the following stocks and real estate„viz • 1 Share Mercantile Library, $5 75. 50 shares Philadelphia Exchange Company, s4s— Three-story brick dwelling, N 0.1516 Brown street, 18 feet front, subject•to a yearly ground•rent of s 72— $1 000. Three•story brick dwelling, No. 1009 Pine street, west of Tenth street, $3,850. Neat modern residence, No. liXl North Nineteenth 'sheet, $5,950. Neat modern residence No. rO6 North Nineteenth street, $5,650. Pour-story brick store, No. 230 North Second. street; $15,000. Two two•atory brick dwellings, Nos. 213 sal. 210 Briar place (late Buries court), sSoo—sl,6oo. STABBING CASE.—d man, named Potter, stabbed himself in the aide with a knife, at the resi dence of his mother, near Ninth and Spruce streets. He iwas removed to his residence, in Lombard street. near Thirteenth. The report of a Murder was circulated. Pollee officers went 'to the place, and, ascertaining the crime was self-inflicted, Se cured the weapon that was used, and took it to the sta tion house of the Fifth district. The reason assigned for the perpetration of the rash act was dieeatisfae• Lion in regard to a Will. F THE VOLES FIiST—SECOND DAY.—The reiteration of rain, which ensued yesterday, was somewhat of a damper to the operations at Washington Retreat. The grounds were aPDa , rently vacant, andlhe walks were denuded of their attractions. ' ln .;spite of the rain, however, the shooting-match came air with eclat, and was entered into by a large body of enthusiastic's. The enter. taioments partook of the same character as those of Manley, and throughout were diver:aide. ackt pleasant.
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