THURSDAY, JULY 9, 1863. the situation. Fate seems to have decreed that from that event, -which the enemy trusted would es tablish Southern-Independence,-we should date National triumph, The Invasion of Pennsylvania, dreaded by the North as an evil wholly without compensation,* has proved to be a good far greater than we had any reason to expect. The harm wrought by the rebel army in our State is trivial in itself, and, measured by the triumph achieved by us, is absolutely unimportant. It is true that in the battles of the Ist, 2d, and 8d of ■July, we lost thousands of our bravest countrymen, and that in every loyal State exultation in victoiy and sorrow for the noble dead arc wedded; yet, we have learned by the sternest experience that it is* not for the death of her dearest sons that America has the bitterest reason to mourn. “I lay down my life willingly,” said Gen. Stephen Weed, who fell at Gettysburg. “ I only hope its close will be the dawn of successive victories to our arms, and a speedy end to this terrible war. ” The spirit of these dying words animates the nation, and though in other battles men have shuddered at the immense loss of life which brought no direct good to the coun try, no' one can think’thit the heroes of Gettysburg ; perished there in vain. For,' beyond doubt, the rebellion has re-, ceived a terrible blow. Our latest advices confirm the report that Lee is flying as fast as he dares, before our victorious army. His* troops may not be demoralized, but their spirit is broken. The path of the de feated army is strewn with rain—cannon spiked, provision wagons destroyed, wound ed and weary men. General Sedgwick hangs upon its rear, and Pleasanton em barrasses its march.*, It is perfectly clear that General Meade has the power to force Lee to fight at a disadvantage, and though we discredit the report that a battle has been fonght at 'Williamsport, we believe that the enemy will be compelled to fight before the expiration of the week, on this side of the Potomac. From all points our troops are hurrying forward, and the rebel army, now believed to be between South Mountain and Hagerstown, must be overtaken. Though the heavy rains will retard our speed, yet to Lee they are more unwelcome than to Meade; if they delay our pursuit, they equally impede their flight, and swell the treacherous torrent of the Potomac, which the rebel commander must bitterly regret he crossed. With the war in the Bast we have every reason to be satisfied. The surrender of Vicksburg justifies Gen. Grant in his refusal to take the city by storm, for it is plain that the efficient cause of surrender was the exhaustion of the am munition of the garrison. Gen. Grant, in his official despatch announcing the capture of the stronghold, indicates that new move ments of his forces will be speedily made. The results of this great victory, tqo, are mighty for exact prediction, but we know that the restoration of the United States authority over all the West will be the ultimate con ■ elusion, and that the immediate advantages, can hardly be overrated. This event, more than any other of the war, proves the inhe ' rent weakness of the rebellion, and, with the defeat of Lee, must make European in terference so plainly an international out rage, that it will be a political impossibility. The attack upon Helena, Arkansas, by a rebel force 6f nine thousand men, is of merely incidental importance, and its re pulße by the national troops, under General increases the improbability that -Johnston menaces Memphis. While Grant beleaguered Vicksburg, the theory that the enemy would endeavor to occupy Northern. Mississippi had some plausibility, but tbe capture of Vicksburg enables Gen. Grant to thwart any plan,- save one of retreat and concentration, which Johnston may at-' ‘ tempt to execute. The Beginning ot‘ the End. We wfere not among those who credited the statement that Mr. A. H. Stephens had made application for an interview with the President of the United States. It found its way into the newspapers at a time when such stories were eagerly desired by the peo ple. They were in the temper to exult over every evidence of concession or submission from the men who are now prolonging the war; and the manner in which it was discussed by the people shows how care fully they are watching every sign that suggests peace, or looks to - a termi nation of the war. In these many cam paigns we have no other object than to gain a peace, when it can be conquered With honor. Every victory is not merely the shedding of blood, but one step nearer a triumphant close of the war. The leaders of the rebelligm might honorably have made peace at any time since the fail of Sumpter, for it has been the constant care of the Administration to keep the door! open that they might return. The people: of the country love their nationality so dearly, they are so anxious to maintain the Union intact and powerful, that at no time would they have allowed a just desire for retribu tion or punishment to destroy the hopeof reunion and paace. The dread of the South ern people accepting such an-offer has al ways been shown by the leaders of the re bellion, and, accordingly, we have seen their policy to he one of misrepresentation, exaspe ration, and anger. Although generations had' been devoted to the work of educating the South into a hatred of the Northern cus- i toms and the Northern people, they still I found it necessary to exhaust the language to find words of calumny and reproach. We have heard Jefferson Davis, himself, de scend to speak of the Northern people as hyenas; and the model gentleman of their chivalry, Bobbrt E. Lee, could see no thing in the great army that met him at Chancellorville but contractors and fanatics, and slaves. ] So long as the people of the South are under the thraldom that the instinct of safety and life compels the leaders of the rebellion to impose, we can hope for no I overture of reconciliation. We therefore welcome the recent victories as evidences that this thraldom will soon’cease. The men who were bold enough to precipitate the cotton States into a revolution hold' possession of their military, organization, and by the usual and extraordinary ways of war, an audacity that in times of danger and excitement may be mistaken for patriot ism, and a bravery that is stimulated by the thought that , death on the scaffold will be the alternative of death in the field, they have ruled these States and wielded tljeir resources with the power of one .man. . Every dis aster to the Union arms only added to their terrible power; and now that we record a succession of great defeats, we may look for its fall. The South, or rather that part of •the South consisting of armed men and ■called the rebellion, cannot long survive disasters like those of Vicksburg and Get tysburg. History does not show such ex hibitions .<JF: courage and patience and power. The weak aud weary Army of the Potomac was thrown against Lee’s exult ing host, and the conqueror at Chancellor ville is, perhaps, a fugitive at Williamsport. In the Southwest, "jap have divided the Con-, federacy ; in the JPcst, we have driven Bragg from his ldtg lines of embattle ments. Victory is everywhere, and behind the glory of present triumphs we see peace. _!■ T he Hanger and its lesson. In late Southern papers that have reached* us, we find a number of articles in reference to the presentinvasion, which are significant, as showing what were the plans and expec tations of General Lee. He came upon U 3 with the intention of burning, pillaging, and laying waste. It was to be the inaugura tion of a retaliatory policy; anil no regard was to be paid to the rules of civilized war fare, or. to instincts of justice and humanity, Impressed with the idea that Lee would not encounter any formidable opposition from the Army, of the Potomac, but could march direct to Philadelphia if he chose, the Rich mond Enquirer lately said : “ There is no objection to our army setting fire to the four corners of Philadelphia, or of Cincinnati, making an uninhabited desert of Pennsyl vania or Ohio, or both, as the French did when they burned the Palatinate. They never had.such need, never such provoca tion, as we. have. Petty larceny is. not the forte of the Confederate soldiers, but an,act of stem and fierce retribution, sweeping o ver a guilty land like a judgtheht of God, might suit them well.” The Richmond Whig, equal ly extravagant, disposed of the fate of the Northern people in, the following ferocious sentence: “If General Lee gets Yankee clom fairly on the rack, he should not stay his hand till every sinew in its monstrous carcass is snapped, and every hone broken.” The Whig little imagined that in uttering these confident words it was foreshadowing the destiny of the rebellion, in language 'fearfully-prophetic. And the Savannah Be r publican, of June 26, gravely expressed, the opinion that “An eye for an eye, and a toolli for a tooth, excepting their diaboli cal crimes and villainies, is our only guaran tee against continued outrage and perpetual war.” These, arc liot exceptional extracts. "Al though among the most striking aud bitter we have seen, they truthfully indicate the tone of the entire press of* the South, with scarcely an exception. They represent the sentiments of the mass of the Southern peo ple, as well as their hopes, and while we re joice that these sentiments have been disap pointed, and these hopes have not been ful filled, we cannot but rejoice also that we have escaped a great danger. But for the gal lant Army of the Potomac, under the skilful guidance of-its new commander, Philadel phia might now he, a heap of smouldering ruins, and the rebel flag might be floatiiig from our capital. Because our experience has not been so dreadful as our ene nies hoped to make it, and as we feared it might he, we should not, therefore, discard its ad monitions. We have been taught an in valuable lesson, which should be our safety in the future, as it has been our peril in the. past. We did not so much escape the fire and the sword because we were strong, as because our enemy was weak. Until lie is totally annihilated/each reverse he suffers will but serye to make him more desperate ; and at the moment when we imagine he is in the greatest extremity, we may find him suddenly reinforced from the routed columns of Bragg in Tennessee, or from Johnston’s army in the Southwest, and prepared again to confront us with a formidable force. We do not think that such will be the case; but we should never count upon the presumed weakness of the enemy as our chief element of strength; nor regard ourselves pro* tected against the possibility of invasion until we have organized some permanent system of defence. Colored Troops. The colored men of Philadelphia, at a mass meeting on Monday night, pledged themselves to complete the regiment of three-years men, now forming at Camp William Penn, within ten days. With so large a negro population as ours, this should easily he effected, especially as the regiment is half full already ; and the redemption of their pledge will do inore to encourage their friends and silence the cavils of their ene mies than any amount of agitation and de clamation. It is of the utmost ‘ importance that whatever colored troops can he had should he raised immediately, and sent forward as soon as they can be tolerably drilled and disciplined. Our armies in the South have hitherto been 1 blessed with an immunity from disease thatfis a subject of unmixed thankfulness, but we cannot rea sonably look forward to a continuance of such exemption'. The affections peculiar to the climate, which most seriously affect the white man, are precisely those which' the negro constitution can escape with im punity, while, on the other hand, the dele terious influences of . the Northern atmos phere are more fatal to the latter. A large force of colored troops, to occupy the terri tory wrested from the rebels, would, there fore, save our gallant armies from the chances of pestilence, while the colored men would find themselves in a climate more congenial to their tropical natures. Surgeon General Hammond, in his new work on Military Hygiene, presents statis tics from the armies of England, France, and Denmark, showing that the mortality from pulmonary affections is considerably greater among colored than among white troops ; while the records of our recent ex perience with negro soldiers manifest that they enjoy, to a wonderful degree, exemp tion from malarious diseases—-the most fatal class in the regions where our armies are now operating. No less than 10.81) per cent, of our white troops, scattered over the whole country, suffered from diseases of malarious origin, while the colored regi ments were affected in the incredibly small proportion of only 0.80 per cent., though confined to the districts where such influ ences are most prevalent and most fatal. This peculiarity of, constitution renders the negro an invaluable auxiliary in a war such as the present, and it is therefore the duty of all who are interested-in this matter, or who can aid it in any manner, to use their best exertions in raising men and money with the shortest possible delay. Trouble in Belgium. Belgium is a little Kingdom, of a peculiar character. Its industry has obtained for it the sobriquet of “ The bee-hive of Europe.”' Its sagacious ruler lias governed with great success for over thirty years.-. According to the rule ; that difficulties will, occur in the best-regulated families, there is every now and then a ministerial crisis in Belgium equivalent, in its small way, 1 to “a tempest in a., slop-basin.” Then King Leopold comes forward and says “ My good friends, if you do not like me, say so, and I will at once pack up my portmanteau and retire to England. I do not wantto he your King an hour longer than you all desire it. ” Where upon, the Belgians, who know the value of the ruler whose sagacity has made them what they are, throw up their liats, shout, and entreat Leopold to remain with them, and—so ends the trouble ! There is a little difficulty now. The Rogier Ministry is un popular, and the results of the recent Bel gian election take nine votes from the - mi misterial side, leaving it only a majority of six in each House of Parliament. M. Charles Rogier, the Prime Minister, is among the members not re-elected, but has determined to carry on the Govern ment until the Chambers meet, in Novem ber. - He is opposed by the Catholic party, fin fact, by the clergy,) and if trouble should arise, after the session commences, King Leopold, as usual, will probably play his old part, threaten to abdicate, and end all by nominating a new Coalition Ministry. New Napoleonic Policy. Pacts are remarkably significant., The fact that most of the Paris and a few of the' provincial elections have gone against the Emperor of the French, or rather against his Ministers, would appear to have had due effect upon the Imperial mind. There are rumors, at least, that Napoleon has made up his mind to adopt a more liberal policy, the main points of which will be Liberty of the Press, the right of free, debate in the Legislature, and the responsibility of :tlie Ministry; These few but important points settled to the satisfaction of the French people, the prospects of the Napolccn ‘dy nasty will be more assured than they have been for some time. The ItateJArehbishop 'Kenrlclc. The Right Rev. Dr.\ Francis Patrick Kenrick, Archbishop of Baltimore, died in that city yesterday forenoon, in iris sixty-* sixth year. A native of Dublin, he was educated there, and after studying -for six years in Rome, he was there ordained a clergyman of the Catholic Church, at the age of twenty-four, and then ■ proceeded to tho United States, to take charge, on the recommendation of-the officers of the. Pro-, paganda, of a newly-established ecclesiasti cal seminary in Kentucky. Here he ’ re mained nine years,* occasionally performing missionary duties; and defending the doc trines of Ms Church,-with great polemical and literary skill. ..In Juno, 1880, at the unusually early age of thirty-two years and six months, he was consecrated Bishop of Arath, in partibus infidelium , and coadj utor to Dr. Con wet, i., Bishop of Philadel phia ; and on the death of that divine, in 1842, became his successor. The anti- Catholic riots of 1845 occurred during his episcopate, and he exerted himself greatly to soothe the irritated feelings of his peo ple. He founded the theological college of" ;St*. Charles Borromeo, in this’ city, and in 1849 introduced into his diocese the Sisters ,of the Good Shepherd, who devote them selves to the care of Magdalen Asylums. He was translated to the archiepiscopate of Baltimore -•in 1851, on the death of Arch bishop Eccleston, and the Pope named him “ Apostolic Delegate” to preside over the first plenary council of the United States, convened in Baltimore in May,..1852, and the Pope conferred. upon him and his suc cessors, in 1859, the “primacy of honor,” which gives them precedence over all the other Roman Catholic prelates in the United States, The ■N’m/Amrkm GyclopzMa,, Which supplies uv with most of these ’ facts, gives a list of Archbishop Kenrtck’s nu merous theological and polemical writings, including a new English translation of the Bible, part of which has been published and the rest ready for the press. Archbi shop Kenrick was eminently and consci entiously an Union man. His younger bro ther, Dr. Peter Kenrick, also an Irishman, horn in 1806, is Archbishop of St. Louis,' and resided in this city during the episco pate of the Right Reverend Dr. Francis Patrick Kenrick, whose loss we now re cord. ..-’ The Stain. .Poets have delighted to sing the praises of the rain, but to-day we should be more than poets in enthusiastic praise of it. All is no longer quiet along the Potomac; for the historic stream that was wont to flow so silently and calmly by the tomb of Wash ington has been changed within the past few days into an angry and swollen torrent. It has raised itself up as an impassable bar rier before the trembling hordes of Lee, and Ms line of retreat has been washed away in the rush of the turbid waters. The same danger which menaced Gen. Hooker at Chancelloryille, and which he was pru dent enough to escape in time, has over taken his wily. antagonist, whose escape now seems to be impossible. The storm of;yesterday alone was equivalent to an army with -banners, in the service it did to the Union cause. Bach rain-drop was a' reinforcement to the Army of the Potomac; and the moment the floodgates of heaven were opened, the doors of escape were closed against General Lee. The mists of uncertainty and gloom that so long hung as a veil over the military move ments in Maryland and Pennsylvania, have been followed by the mighty, storm which meninstinctivcly felt to.be impending, and, in the rush and wMriwind of events, the bright hopes and dreams of the haughty - rebel general have been utterly wrecked. The same refreshing showers that cooled the parched lips, and bathed the fevered brews of our gallant wounded who lay all night upon the field of Gettysburg, have helped to swell the value of their sacrifice,- and make the victory their valor purchased dearer and grander to the heart of the nation!. Bach precious drop of rain, caught in the hollow of a dying sol* diers hand,/ was a heaven-born assu rance that his suffering was not to be in vain; and that* there should be no part ing of the waters by an Almighty hand, to permit the rebels to escape ! As patriots, inspired with a living faith in the salvation of our land, we thank God for the beautiful and blessed rain ! Truly has it fallen upon the just and’the unjust; but while to us it has been the ■welcome shower that refreshes and revivifies, to our enemies it will be, the fearful deluge that sweeps away all harriers opposing it, and engulphs all within its reach ina swift and terrible destruction. We thank God for the rush of the torrent that has swept away our own timid doubts, and the fondest hopes of this rebellion. In the mercy of the Almighty,,which falleth like the gentle dew from] heaven, our prayers have found an answer, and our highest as pirations been fulfilled. We have been tried and purified as by fire; perhaps we shall yet he chastened and strengthened, as by water.' For, after the rain shall come the rainbow; and it may not be very long be fore God will set His sign in the heavens as a token of His reawakened love towards this people, and a promise of returning peace. „ Letter from Air. Shirley Brooks. [The following letter from Mr. Shirley Brooks, the distinguished English author, speaks for itself,— Ed.:] V Ekgent’s Pabk, London, June 22,1803. To the Editor of ThePrees: Sut: A friend in Philadelphia has sent me a number of The D-tal, iu which 1 find an extract from a letter wherein Mr. Conway, addressing an Ame rican newspaper, states that he saw me “at a fashionable party in earnest conversation” with a lady of color, whose name I have no right to re introduce to public attention, pleasant as it would he to me to corroborate Mr. Conway's testimony to her intellect. But an Mr. Conway is good enough to say that I am “detested” as “the Tory writer againstuain Punch," and a* I infer that “us” means, pro hdc vice, the enemies of slavery, I will ask you to allow / me to say that any detestation directed against me : on the supposed ground of, my friendliness to the' Domestic Institution is undeserved. I have never written a line in favor of slavery, but I have written thousands of lines against it. My father was a friend and fellow-worker with Wilber force and Buxton, and I have never swerved from the faith touching the slave question. . - I beg to gay, also, though writing solely on my own responsibility, that the contributors to Punch, who address some half million or more readers have never been moved (even by the incessant abuse launched at that journal by the American press) to any partisanship with the Slave-owner, aa auch, and Mr. Conway, had better refer to the files of Punch for a verification of this statement. Upon the objeot and conduct of the war, I claim for my self the same liberty of judgment as my numerous and valued American friends would readily concede' to me, were the combatants In any other part of “ the planet " than.between 25° and 49° N. latitude and 6f° and 126° W. longitude. , As those limits include a noble territory, In most parts of which I have friends whose good opinion is very dear to me, I request, of your courtesy, space for the rectification of Mr. Conway's “ fashionable” despatch r and have the honor to be sir, Your obedient servant, SHIRLEY BROOKS. A Curious Disa!’l'Oihtmknt.— Now that peace is being rapidly gained in the great victories of Get tysburg and Vicksburg, and that the rebellion is tottering to its fall, those who called the loudest for peace appear grieved and chagrined at the country’s .triumph. The false pacificators, who reckoned .upon peacein favorof the South alone,are mortified at the prospect of honorable peace for the National Go vernment. In this manner the journal of Mr. Ben jamin Wood discusses General Meade’s victory: “Amid this din of false rumors, however, those who have held fast'to General Meade’s authentic despatches have not been: deceived. They have known that the triumph of, the Northern ’army has con sisted in not being defeated, and that to have repulsed the attack of the Confederates,' though-with prodigious loss to ourselves, is the extent of our victory. ’ “Theloss In killed, wounded, and prisoners, during the three days’ battles in and near Gettysbure, turns out to have been about equal on either side. . Our loss in officers is almost unprecedented. Sixteen, aud according to some accounts, eighteen Federal gene rals, were either killed, wounded, or taken, priso ners, and the list of subordinate officers received, who were put hors de combat, runs-up already to - se veraT hundreds, which number will be greatly in creased when - the full returns come in. General Meade promised -that an accurate list of all who were killed and wounded should be sent to the War Department two days since; but, with .the, usual cruel, tantalizing reticence, and: disregard of :the popular wish;.which characterizes Mr; :Stantbn,-it has not yet been communicated to the public.’ It; may be safely calculated, however, that the Confe derates and Federals - lost ;in the .neighborhood of 25,000 men each, with the advantage in favor of General Meade qf not having been , annihilated, and of having, , compelled General Lee to relinquish', for the .mo ment, the effort to ''destroy -the army which inter poses between himself and Baltimore and Wash ington.” M Dr. West’s Union-Lhagus Address.—ln; the last number of the West Philadelphia Hospital Register we find a correct report of the .remarks made at the Union League; on the 22d ult., by the Rev. Nathan iel West, D. D., chaplain of-the West Philadelphia Hospital. It Is terse and argumentative, as well as loyal and practical, and contains some excellent Bible reacona against Secession, THE PRESS.—rinLADEI-PHIA; THURSDAY. JULY 9, 1868. Washington, July 8, 1863, T Hie Attempted Mission of Alexander H. The following statement is derived from an official source: On Sunday, the 6th instant, the Secretary of War received a despatch ’from Colonel Ludlow, the United States Commissioner for the exchange of prisoners of war, and attached to the staff of Major General Drx, commander of the Department of Virginia, to the effect that Alexander H. Ste phens, Military Commissioner for the Oorifede* rates, had presented himself in a Confederate steam.' er, under a flag of truce, and stated to Col. Ludlow' that he was the bearer of a communication from “Jefferson Davis, Commander-In-Chief of the land and naval forces of the Confederate-States, to Abrattam Lincoln, Commander in-Chlef of the Land and Naval forces of the United States of .America,' 9 and that he desired to proceed on the same Confederate Bteamer to Washington to deliver said communication, attended only by Robert Ould, as Secretary (for the purpose of conferring upon the subjects of the aforesaid, communication), and the officers and crew of the Bteamer. The Secretary of the Navy on the same day re ceived a similar despatch from Acting Rear Admiral Lee, in command of the United States squadron in Hampton Roads. ' : On Monday, the Secretary of War, and Secretary of the Navy, respectively answered to Col. Ludlow and Rear Admiral Lee that the request of Alexan der H. Stephens is inadmissible. The customary agents and channels are adequate for all needful military'communication between the United States forces and the insurgents. A despatch - from General U. S. Grant to Major General Halleok, dated at Vicksburg, at half past 10 o'clock on the morning of the Fourth of July, states that the enemy surrendered that' morning, and their troops were paroled aa : prisoners of war. The movements of his - forces about to be made are detailed, but are not proper for publication at present. _ '’’ •. • Fortress -Monroe, July I.— The 'advantages of the arrangements made by Colonel Ludlow, On the 22d of May last, which cuts off ail paroling of prison ers of'war, and compelß the captors to, reduce to possession, and deliver their prisoners at City Point, are shown in the late battles in Pennsylvania and Maryland. General Lee, if able to make his own escape, will; probably, be unable to take away any prisoners with him. ... Further lists of our prisoners, who have died in rebel hospitals and prisons, have been received by Colonel Ludlow, and forwarded to Washington for publication. The City of Albany arrived at four o’clock p. M.' from White House. She brings no stirring news. On the morning of July, Ist, General Getty, with ten thousand men, proceeded from White House for the purpose of destroying the remaining bridges over’ the South Anna. Passing through King William O. H., Brandywine, and Taylorsville, he crossed the Pamunky and met a large force of the rebels near the bridge he intended to destroy. Some skirmish ing ensued. General Getty retired with a loss of two killed and five wounded.. r He tore up the railroad track for five or six miles and destroyed a ddp6t, and captured seven rebels near Hanover C. H. . General Getty returned this morning to White House, having accomplished the moat of his mission satisfactorily. . New York, July 8-—The Tribune has received, the following special despatch: Chickasaw Bayou, Friday, July 3, via Cairo, July 7.—Vicksburg is ours. The firing from the front ceased this morning, pending the negotiations for a surrender, which! cupied the greater part of the day. The only con tested point touching the surrender has been with reference to what Bhouldbe done with Pemberton’s army. He asks and demands that while the sur render shall be unconditional in other respects, the garrison, which has so long and heroically resisted our army, be spared the unnecessary humiliation, and be paroled in Vicksburg. This will probably .be conceded from motives of expediency alone, and not as a condition, as it will save an immense expenditure for transportation and subsistence. ■ Generals Grant and Pemberton had a long private interview, at the latter’B request, in relation to the surrender, before it was determined. . The officers of the flag of truce indicate that all that has been, written-and published in the North concerning the sufferings of the rebels in Vicksburg has been but half the truth. There are about 24,000 people in Vicksburg, 10,000 of whom are efficient soldiers. Our army will take possession to-morrow ; The surrender was made just in time to save both armies from a severe loss of life, which would have attended an attempt to carry the works by storm, as such an attempt had been determined on for to morrow morning. . Not having been allowed an inside view before the departure of the despatch boat, I cannot give such details as are desired. . • The Post Office Department will, on the Gth in stant, establish a post office at Vicksburg. Incidents of the Late Rebel Advance* The Washington star publishes some interesting incidents of the rebel occupation of Hagerstown and other points during their late advance. The Star . says : - A pleasing incident* occurred during Ewell’s stay in town. The 4th North Carolina, Col.Grimeß, was encamped in the public square, doing provost duty. Attached to this regiment was an excellent brass band, and on the first evening of their arrival they enlivened the town by playing rebel airs. At last they, struck up 1 Dixie.’ : Immediately some twenty young ladies, headed byjVXisa McCameron and Mlsb Emma Wantz, joined in-singing the ‘Star-Spangled Banner,’which soon drowned the rebel horns. This created intense feeling, and the Union boys sent up shout afterjhout. Another indent worthy of note occurred after a portion of the rebel army had passed into Penn-. sylVAnia. Four Union prisoners, captured near Carlisle, were brought into town under guard, when the two young ladies apove named stepped into the street and presented each prisoner with a bouquet tied with red, white, and blue. In passing through Maryland the rebel army IOBt laige numbers by desertion, the most of them Virginians and North Carolinians, while some few were Northern men and foreigners. When the Fe deral cavalry entered the town.aeveral rebel soldiers came in and gave themselvea-up. Barksdale’s division was the last to pass through Hagerstown. He halted in front of Doyle’s hotel, and dismounting, entered into conversation with several citizens. About this time a courier came dashing up the street, and exclaimed, “General, the Yanks are upon us!” Barksdale immediately mounted his horse and rode to the rear of his com mand, and cried out, “Hurry boys; keep in line, and do not straggle, for the Yankees Are pushing us, and you’ll be picked up. u His fears were ground less, as it was well known to the Union men that the Federala were not advancing in that direction. The Wheeling Intelligencer has received the fol lowing from General Averill: July 4.—Jackson, with 1,700 men and two pieces of artillery, attacked Beverly on the 2d, cutting off its communications and capturing some pick4E. The enemy expeoted to make an easy prize of the garri son, which contained the 10th Virginia Infantry, Captain Ewing’s Battery, and one company of cavalry, uDdcr. the command of Colonel Harris, of -the loth Virginia, who was directed by General Averill to hold the position. The 14th Pennsyl vania Cavalry, the 3d and Bth Virginia mounted infantry, were pushed forward to the relief of the post, but before their arrival the enemy had been repulsed with loss, and are now being pursued. Boston, July 8, 1863.— Ge0. H. Stuart, Chainnan % TJ. S. Christian Philadelphia: Subscrip tions on the Exchange here reached twenty thousand dollar*, in all, and are still coming in.* E. S. TOBEY, Chairman Army Committee. Rejoicings at Trenton* Trenton, July B.—A national salute was fired to day at noon, by order of Governor Parker, in honor of the victories achieved by the Federal forces. An impromptu jubilee over the fall of Vicksburg took place last evening. Speeches were made by Mayor Mills, S. W. Smythe, and Captain Joseph Alford. Locisvilie, Jnly-B.—The steamers Alice Dean and J. S. MeCJomb were captured by a party of 200 rebels, at Bradenburg, Ky., yesterday afternoon. Our gunboats are in pursuit. Vermont Republican State Convention. Burlington, Vt., July 8. —The Republican State Convention commenced ita session in this place to day. The attendance was very large, every oounty being fully represented, and many distinguished gentlemen from all sections of the State were pre sent. Senator Gollamer was one of theepeakers. The following ticket was nominated : For Governor, Hon. John G. Smith, of St; Al bans ; Lieutenant Governor, Hon. Paul Dilling ham ; Treasurer, Hon. John B. Page. Generals who Fought at Gettysburg* It 1b said that the conqueror on the bloody battle* field near Gettysburg lias been often “ borne in the arms and dandled on the knees 1 ’ of the British hero of the Peninsular campaigns and the subsequent victor'at'Waterloo.' General Meade’s father was then a distinguished consul in Spain, and theTroh Duke was among, his friends. Meade hr badly ca ricatured in some of the “pictorial” weeklies. He is a man of middling Btature, and does not change color suddenly on 'any excitement or Budden provo cation. In 1845 he boarded in one of the hotels of this city (now demolished) for some Months, and was a room-mate of Pemberton, lately commanding the rebel foroes in Vicksburg. The two young men were intimate—daily and nightly companions—ex emplary in their behavior. - Brig. Gen. Elon. J. Farnsworth, who fell bravely in the battle, waß born in Michigan in 1835, and was a brother of Gen. J. F. Farnsworth, of Illinois. In 1857 be became attached to the commissariat ih New Mexico. He was considered the best rider in the army. He entered the war as a quartermaster, and became captain in the Sth Illinois Cavalry. In all the Peninsula battles and Pope’s campaign he did not miss. a fight or skirmish, which were forty-one in all.- Whenever a scout or leconnoissance was to be made, he was invariably placed in the lead. The celebrity of his .regimentwas greatly due to his genius and bravery. Pleasanton found him a cap tain and made him a brigadier. Farnsworth was pouessed. of rare beauty, both of person and soul. No inan who knew him failed to admire his great social attractions, nor will they soon forget his tall athletic frame, dark hashing eye, and finely moulded features. , : k Brigadier General William Hays, commanding the 2d Corps at the battle of Gettysburg, graduated at Weßt Point, in the class of 184D'with Nathaniel Lyon, William T.Shermab, and Stewart Van Vlelt,' and others on the Bide of the Union; also, with the rebel Generals Richard S. Ewell, Bushrod Johnson,, and Paul O. Herbert. After graduating, he was at tached to Duncan’s Battery as brevet second'lieu , tenant, and went to Corpus Christ! with the army, commanding a section of Duncan’s Battery.He, fired the “fiist gun” at Palo Alto, distinguished, himself at the battles of Resaca de la Palma, Mon terey, Cerro Gordo,' Contreras, Ohurubusco, Mblino del Key (in which battle ho was wounded), Chepul* tepeo, and. at the San Coame Garita. WASHINGTON. Special S79Bpatc9a.es to 66 TIUe Pxe»»# w Stephens* The Surrender of Vicksburg. FORTRESS MONROE. The Surrender of Vicksburg. Repulse of the Rebels at Beverly. Still Nobler from Boston. Capture of Federal Transports. ARMY OF THE POTOMAC. Rebels Demoralized and Fugitive, THEIR LOSS 35,000 MEN AYD 00 Offl S. Desperate Attempt to Recross the Potomac. THE HEBEL LINE FKOM FUIVKS TOWN TO FAHISC WATERS. PLEASANTON PRESSING FRONT, FLANK, AND REAR. Great Exploits of the National Cavalry, A FIGHT AT HAGERSTOWN* SEDGWICK ON THE REBEL FLANK. Meade Advancing in Force. A PORTION OF THE ENEMY ON THE OLD ANTIETAM GROUND. ' Meade about to Engage the Enemy at Williamsport. # .- [Special Despatch to The Press-] Harrisburg, July B.—Beyond question, the army of General Lee is greatly demoralized. Stragglers : are.everywhere among the hills of the herder. fugi tives scattered from his army in its cheerless retreat. Pleasanton is pushing the enemy at all points, and gathering prisoners hourly. The jnfantry is fast coming up with him, and a battle will very soqa take place neaf South Mountain, Many of the enemy’s guns Ate found spiked, dis mantled. or half buried In ditches, or the mud of the roads. Wagons are burning, and the retreat is marked by vestiges of ruin. The Potomac is ruu ning very strong and high. Men are arriving rapidly .from every county, W. " Washington, July B.— No information had been received from Williamsport up to 2 o’clock to-day. It is not believed that there was a fight yesterday, although it is probable that Sedgwick has done the enemy’s rear much damage. Tee's Attempt to Escape* Baltimore, July B.— The following special de spatch has been received by the American: Frederick. (Wednesday noon), July B.—The po sitionof the rebels and their condition has been as. cert&ined. Their infantry line is drawn across from Funkstown, Md., to Falling Waters, and behind this line they Are using almost superhuman exer tions to get their trains (such as they have saved), artillery, and ammunition across the river. • The beet military authority here doubts—l might almost say is convinced that they have no pontoon train beyond that destroyed at Falling Waters, and that with such canal boats as they had not previ ously burnt, and the timber felled in the vicinity, and at Martinsburg, they are endeavoring to supply the deficiencies of their engineer corps. It iB known that two days ago they had troops felling timber. They also attempted to cross some wagons on fiat boats, but the impetuous current of the river rendered the attempt futile. They are now crossing their horses on the boats, and leaving the wagons,"Jo take them to pieces, and thus transport them on the canal boats. I have heard the opinion expressed in very high, military authority, that the rebels will probably se i cure the most defensible position in front of Wil liamsport, entrench themselves, and endeavor to hold our army at bay, whilst they secure the means of crossing. The position of the rebels is much more desperate than I had allowed myself to think heretofore. Of course, they may get away, but it looks, much less probable now than it did twenty-four hours ago. Gen. Lee’s headquarters are definitely ascer tained to be.at Hagerstown to-day, and his troops aie mainly on the road bet ween there and Williams port, which is only seven miles distant.. A portion of General Early’s rebel command is to day reported as being cut off in the mountains near Greencastle by our cavalry. This, of course, is at presentobly a rumor, but it is credited, to some ex tent, in view of a knowledge of the present move ments of General Pleasanton’s command. The cavalry of General Pleasanton have been operating with magnificent success during the last three dayß. It is a positive fact that whilst the rebels were retreating we had cavalry in their front, and rear, and both flanks. Its presence and bold dashes greatlyaided in increasing the demoraliza tion of the rebels, and the discipline they have heretofore shown was greatly relaxed. It is the opinion at headquarters that our cavalry have not taken leis than six thousand prisoners, including the wounded who have been picked up everywhere along the road, where they were abandoned by their friends, and in farm houses. :* Among the captives is Brigadier General Robin son. He had torn off his insignia of rank, and was dressed in citizens’ clothes, but was recognized. ; Brigadier General Trimble, of “ 19th of April,” and Philadelphia, Wilmington, and Baltimore fame, is ’also a prisoner.' He was found in the farm ..house of Mr. David Whister, near Gettysburg. Hia left foot was blown off by a shell. The damage done to the rebel trains by the dashes of our cavalry is almost incredible. Everywhere along the retoesfT'they were captured, cut off, and burnt. -Gen. Kilpatrick dashed into the middle of Gen. Ewell’s train, and burnt between two and three hundred wagons and run off the horses. To day he captured sixty more wagons, and three hun dred horses and mules. Our cavalry (I think theybelonged to Kilpatrick's division), had a fight yesterday, at Hagerstown, . with a rebel infantry division. Their position was at one time dangerous, but they got out finally wifch ■ out serious loss. So far as the are! now. known,. our army is moving steadily-forward. Of its ‘direction and the disposition of its forces I shall say nothing, though the former may be readily guessed at from what is said of the position of the enemy. If Lee remains this aide of the river, the probabili ties are that there will be another battle within the next forty-eight hours. As I close, the heavy rain storm is over and the sun is breaking through the clouds. Forward! iB the word, along the whole line. Washington, July B. —Messages for the Asso ciated Press, from Frederick, Maryland, received to-night, say: Information which can be relied upon, comes from the front.,this morning, of the following pur port: Tlie rise in the Potomac has checked the passage of the rebel army. A small portion of Lee’s transportation has been crossed on rafts at Williamsport and Shepardstown, and Mb stock swam over. His ambulance train, with the wounded, have also crossed, but his supply trains, artillery, infantry, and cavalry, are reported to be nearly all on this side. His first line of battle has been formed on the fields of Antietam. Should this prove true, and it is certain that he cannot receive reinforcements, he will be compelled to trust the fate of his army to the arbitrament of a bloody battle. Our forces are gradually concentrating in that di rection. The hopes and prospeota of annihilating the entire Army of Virginia are bright. The best possible spirits animate both our officers and men. - At the last advices Lee was concentrating his forces by every available’ route, fe»ring>an attack. Yesterday morning he planted his batteries on every road by which we were likely to approach. . Buford and Kilpatrick, with their cavalry divi sion, made a demonstration in the direction of Wil liamsport, but were unable to penetrate Lee’s lines. . Many, citizens of Hagerstown, Funkstown, Wil liamsport, and Clear Spring have left their homes, believing that a battle is imminent. Some of them, who have arrived in Frederick, believe that Lee only placed his guns in position to keep ue in check While his forces were crossing. The reports as to the existence of rebel bridges at Williamsport are contradictory, but the general impression at Frederick is that none have been built. A scout who was there on Sunday says that preparations were then in progress to build one, but these may have been frustrated by the sudden and heavy rise in the Potomac. General Meade and staff have.arrived at their headquarters, having ridden thirty-five miles from Gettysburg. Several corps are understood to be nearer the point desired. V A considerable force has probably reached the vi cinity of Williamsport to-night. In the meantime our cavalry are on the enemy’s leftilank and rear, and make frequent attacks.' Our scouts are frequently heard from, and their .reports confirm Lee’s attempt to recross the Poto mac. Rev. J-iMES Vallandioham, brother of Mr. C. L. Vallandigham, gives a sweeping denial to a charge in the Hartford Evening Post , that his brother, permitted’his aged mother to be supported, in part o»<in whole, by the church to which she belongs. Such a charge, it was, of course, unbecoming to make. Gen. Cluseuet, the French soldier win fought in West Virginia, under General Pope, in the Army of the Potomac, criticises fleverely the surrender of Winchester. He thinks we have been disgraced in this wav by a great many needless and cowardly surrenders, such as would not be tolerated in any other country, and he proposes as a remedy for this evil a supreme and immutable military court. A riot broke out in Rochester a few days ago. A man named McLaughlin interfered in the quarrel of a negro and a white man, and was shot by the negro. A crowd gathered and the negro was nearly killed, before the officers succeeded in arresting him. The naob then proceeded to take revenge upon the innocent. Many negroes were pursued; two were driven into the river and drowned. The officers and men of the 52d Regiment of Penn sylvania Volunteers celebrated Fourth of July in the Grove at Beaufort Green, S. C, The public in general was Invited to Attend. The exercises opened with prayer by the Rev, M. Sires, after which “ The Declaration” was read by Major Oonyngham. Then came music; prayer, and the Star-Spangled Banner, sung by the whole assemblage. Then fol lowed amusement. There were sack race, pig race, climbing the greased pole, &c. Lieuts. Gilchrist} Marcy, Mott, Baiinatyre, Stevens, Orchard, and Sterling, were the committee of arrangements, and it was a great day at Beaufort. Governor Ton, of Ohio, does not seem to be greatlv disappointed by his fafture to receive a re nomination for the gubernatorial office. He made a 'telling speech in the convention in whioh he was defeated, calling for his friends to go for John Brough in good earnest. Then he was the first man in Ohio to take the stump for Brough, and; has been at it with heartiest zeal whenever he could spare an eve ning from his official duties. The Burning of Darien® To tlie Editor of The Press: Sir : Aspne actively engaged with Major George. G. Stearns in raising black troopß for the war, and deeply anxious for the success of the movement, allow me a word in your columns in respect to the burning of Darien. Perhaps, no act in any depart ment of the war for the Union thus far, has been so universally condemned and stigmatized as bar barous, wanton, and wicked, as has been that of the destruction of this rendezvous of slaveholding trai tors. Radical anti-Blavery men have been silent j loyal men have generally condemned the deed, while all the sympathizers’with traitorß at the North Col.‘ Montgomery and his men as little better than “ Thugs.” For one, I am aitonish ed'that nothing like an earnest defence of the con* duct of 001. Montgomery and hia.men has been at tended in any quarter. Without attempting any thing of the sort myself—for I but little of the laws of war—l may be allowed, at' any rate, to state the case wherein I think it will be seen that the ordinary rules governing civilized warfare have no application to the act in question. The rebels themselves, by their own act and deed, have ab solved all colored soldiers and their commanders from those rules, and upon their guilty heads let ail calamitous consequences fall. By proclamation, and by act of the Rebel Con gress—by the murder of twenty oolored ] non-comba tant teamsters at Murfreesboro —by shooting down, in cold blood, wounded colored soldiers at Milliken Bend and at Port .Hudson—-by dooming to torture and death every officer and man of a colored regi ment who shall fall into their hands—in a woTd, by raising in this war the black flag, with its death’s head and crosß boneß, and setting at defiance all the laws and usages of civilized wartare, in the case of colored soldiers and their, commanders, the rebels have made lawful every possible form of retaliation on the part of black soldiers of the Union which is likely to bring them to their senses the most speed ily. It was not for Colonel Montgomery to wait till his officers and men should fall into.rebel hands and be murdered before giving them a taste of their own chosen mode of warfare. . Like a wise man, as he is, and one who wishes to put a stop to the hell-black purposes declared against colored men by the rebels, he has acted upon the maxim that prevention Is better than cure. A few more raids like that of Col. Montgomery, will do more than all the. soft talk of a thousand presses about the “rules of civilized warfare,” to bring Jefferson Davis and his rebel crew to their senses. Let him know that whatsoever a man soweth, that shall he certainly reap; that if he sows the wind, he shall reap the whirlwind ; or, as Web-, ster hfis expressed it, let him know that if he vio lates the laws of war in the case of colored soldiers, that there are blows to take, as well as blows to give, and both he and Mb Government will Bpeedily retract their infamous declarations of cold-blooded murder and rapine towards colored soldiers. lam, sir,.yours respectfully, FRED’K DOUGLASS. Colonel Thomas 9 Regiment* To the Editor of The Press Sir : We arrived at Columbia on Saturday* in the midst of a heavy rain. The. following named ladles and gentlemen went to work and prepared us some supper, on the style of the Philadelphia Refresh ment Saloon. We are quartered at the Town Hall, and consequently have no conveniences for cooking, and the ladies have kindly come forward to cook for us. and moat generously and well have they per formed their duty. It is but justice to them that some notice should be taken of their benevolence: Samuel E. Max ton, William Grubb, Mrs. Kunkel, Mrs. Wisier, Mias Lizzie Evans, Mibb Maggie Grubb, Mrs. D. Knox, Mrs. Kimburg,.Mrs; Boa tick, Mrs. Shuman, Mrs. Maxton, Mrs. Grubb, Mrs. Myers, Mrs,. White, Miss Kitty Myers, Mra.Hen derson, Mrs. Facix, Mrs. E. M. Maxton, Mrs. Wade, Mrs. Trusket, Mrs. Fairlamb, Mrs. Taylor, Mrs. Miller, Mrs. Strebig, Mrs. McOlune, Mrs. S. J. Mc- Clune, Mrs. Schelk. ' I am, sir, very respectfully, yours, Lieut, KIRKHAM, Company B, Columbia, Pa., July 6, 1863. . ; Speech of Secretary Seward* .When the news of the surrender of Yicksburg was received at Washington, on Tuesday evening, Hon W. H. Seward made the following remarks: He thanked those who had thus called upon him 1 for this popular demonstration of their joy over the victory just announced. He had considered it the part of a patriot and statesman, if possible, to avert the condition of public affairs we had lately wit nessed, and, following the example of Him who had died to save the world, he had prayed that this bitter cup of domestic dissension might be put away from our lips. The discord of our country was calculated to gladden the worst of despotisms, but the country would survive the shock it was called upon to. endure. No nation can perish that has a spark of popular virtue left. The people are the guardians of the national titles, and national greatness and prosperity. No nation can be saved except by the sacrifice of individuals. In the language of the Scriptures, we must renounce father, mother, brother, all, for our country’s sake; we must give uj> our treasures, our affections ; we must make sacrifices, give up everything to be Baved. For himself ? he had surrendered all. There was not a child of his capable of bearing arms who had not been given to the service of the country. If he could not preserve our nationality, he was here to be buried in its ruins. If he had'to fall, he wanted to fall in.the streets of the capital of his country, and to be trampled under the heel of the assassins of its freedom and greatness. He had chosen for his file-leader Andrew of Tennessee. He was for this Union with slavery if it must be, and without slavery if he could have it so. [Tremendous cheer ing.] There is now a new issue. Away with the dead past. The future will develop who shall govern this great country. Neither wisdom nor virtue came into.existence with this people. They will not die with the result of this contest. Presi dencies, secretaryships, foreign legations, presented no temptations to- him. He was ready to put them • all away from him. • If his country would be saved, he should never accept official position at .the hands of his countrymen. He had been censured for. the prediction that the rebellion would be ended in ninety days. It would have been ended in that time—it would, in fact, have been ended befofe it was begun, if the counsels of true patriots had been, heeded. It has been protracted by the hopes held out of foreign inter ference. It has thus dragged its slow length along, with blood and carnage in its track, through two long years; but in this beginning of the third year we had just attained the beginning of the end. We have seen the stars one by one falling away from our national firmament, but now we are to witness the joyful sight of star after star, after wandering in darkness, returning to the galaxy in which it be longed. Missouri had been for a while obscured, but it now shines with redoubled brightness. Mary land had wavered *, it is now firmly set in the na tional coronet. Kentucky had been almost torn from the magic circle; but its steadfastness was now assured. It will not be long before’ T6nnesßee will be numbered again among the loyal States, nor till Arkansas shall be againrepresented in the halls of our Congress. Louisiana has already asked for recognition upon the old basis, and the old North State would soon follow suit. In 'a little while we shall witness the extraordinary spectacle of Old Virginia asking forgiveness for her sins; and even South Carolina, the source of all this mischief, wolild be sandwiched between Georgia and North Carolina, and purified of her iniquity. We already see a pretended confederation divided into four parts by transverse lines drawn along the Mississippi river and the southern line of Tennessee. When the war could no longer be put aside, he had but one request to make. He invoked Got Almighty to in spire people with virtue enough to vote for the Union, and our armies with courage enough to fight for it. But after all this conflict, this greatest, proudest, most prosperous of nations, must still continue to thrive. If foreiga nations would keep their.hands off we should settle these questions for ourselves, _and when next the provost marshal should call upon-the people of this district, lie hoped every man fit for duty would only ask where he waßto be placed. If they need any one to follow, old as he was he should be with those who were ready to lay down their lives for the preservation of the life of the nation. Letter from Senator Sumner* The. following letter from Senator Sumner was read at the celebration of the Fourth of Julym Boston: . Washington, Julyi, 1A63. : Dear Sib: I regret much that I cannot be in Boston on the Fourth of/July to listen to words of eloquent cheer, and to join my fellow-citizens there in the celebration of the day. But whether there or here. I shall not fail to celebrate the day in my heart,: hoping, praying, striving for the speedy triumph of those principles to which the day is consecrated—life, liberty, and happiness to all men! . Such is the glorious decla ration of rights to which oiir nation was from the beginning pledged, and which it iB now vindicating by war. Massachusetts took a leading part in awakening and beginning the revolution by which that declara tion was first vindicated. And, thank God, her in fluence has not been unfelt in the greater efforts now making to uphold the declaration and to keep the whole,country under itß control, so that there shall be but one people, free and independent, with out a master and without a slave. In this cause she has already given some of her best blood anrt'sor rowed at many funerals. She mu3t not halt or hesi tate.now, but must 1 proceed right onward to the triumph which is sure to be ours. I know not when this war will end, but I know well fiow-it will end. Accept my thankfl for the invitation with which you have honored me \ and believe me, Mr. Mayor* ■with much respect, faithfully yours, 3 CHARLES SUMNER. Hon. F. W. Lincoln - , Jr.” Execution of the Spy Richardson. A correspondent in Frederick : Passing through the camp and crossing a broad field of ripe grain, I presently drew rein in the midst of 1 an idle group of officers, cavalrymen and townspeople, who, gathered under ithe fatal tree, told fanciful stories about the “ great spy,” for* like many a better man, he had suddenly become great,' now that he was dead—and cracked grim jokea at his expense. As I looked upward at the horrid thing that hung. so lankly there, and dreadfully wound and unwound itself, rbad a most disagreeable remembrance of the free. The man’s name was Richardson, and he be longed, before the war, to Weßt Baltimore, I be lieve, where he peddled newspapers, maps, and longs. For. more than eighteen months this despe rate man had strolled—he confessed it, lam Abun dantly camp to camp in the Union armies of the Potomac and Rappahannock, still ped dling maps ihdt were false, and songs that he sung around the camp fires. To-day a cavalryman, fresh from the Gettysburg havoc, actually lay on the grass under that tree, and sang , one of the swinging wretch’s own songs to him: “Everything looks lovely and the goose hangs high !” .. At the drum-head court martial, it ib said, the evidence of his guilt abounds. Drawings of fortifi cations were fouud on his person, enumerations and description of-forces and their position, diagrams of “situations,” and maps of country roads. This man had bought papers from;him at Fairfax, that at Falmouth; another had heard him Bing such and such a song at Berryville; and one, while a prisoner in Richmond, had observed him in close conversa tion with Jeff Davis. The proof was damning, of course, ami . the shrift was shorter-than the rope. But they mercifully “eased him down” twice, to confess ; which- he did, saying that he was a “ true man to the South,” and was ready to die for it $ boasting of the Bervice he had rendered to the cause, which —infatuated wretch—he confessed he loved ; boasting that he had once led a strong force of Union cavalry into an ambuscade, and that “if you had not hung me, we should have that train to-raor-. rowalluding to a long file of trains that went out tc-day. - *■/ f , “ Whom the gods would destroy they first make mail.” ; The rebel prisoners who went to Baltimore in the train yesterday actually snubbed our sol diers at Sykesvllle. When they asked them “ How . about your, retreat being cut off 1 How about car rying the war into the enemy’s country!” “What retreat!” they coolly asked. “ Have they made you believe we are retreating! We are going to stay in Maryland and Pennsylvania till the “fall, sure ; and there’ll be two or three more big fights before ,we leave them,” - r STATE GOVERNMENT FOR NEW MEXICO. —Francisco Perea is a candidate to represent New .Mexico in Congress. In an addresß to the people he touches upon the agitation got up on a question of establishing a State Government tor thAt Territo ry. He‘opposes the scheme, and says: “As it is presented now it does not come from, the people, nut originated: with men ambitious, or place'and power, and regardless of 'the interestis'oF those who': -would haveto bear the burdens of the Government, whilst these men, secure in their well-paying offices,' would liveat ease on the fat of the land,” SECOND EDITION. FIVE O'CLOCK A. M. L®© Must Surrender or give BatUti 11,800 PRISONERS REGISTERED. ACTION NIYRBOONSBORO AND HAGERSTOWN. FURTHER FROM VICKSBURG. THE WAB IN KENTUCKY. Xaa.'v Action. of Xnciia.ix£t> [SpecialDespatch. to Tha Prose.] Frederick, July B,—Tiring has been heard since daylight from beyond Boonßboro. It is stated that our adi'ance forces fell bade to Crampton’s Pass. It is also reported that the rebels are trying to gain a position on South Moun tain and there to give battle. Better statements are to the effect that the rebel army, of which the South Mountain force is but a portion, are compelled by the movements of Meade to give up hope of this position, and make with all speed toward the Potomac, to cover the crossing of baggage, wounded, &c. t and effect the final esoape of the main force. This will require a deßparatc battle near [the banks of the Potomac, near Antietaml or 'Williams port, Bee has been driven hard on all sides by the forces of Pleasanton, and, with a turbulent river in his rear, and the knowledge of his whereabouts, which the active movements of the army are constantly revealing, his crossing of the Potomac seems an ut ter impossibility. He must make a stand and fight. Of this there can hardly be a doubt, The Mbels, I learn, have lost, in all, 35,000 men at the battle of Gettysburg, about 7,000 on their re treat, and more than fifty guns, some abandoned along the A number of trains have been de stroyed by the cavalry. Bee’s army has been great ly demoralized, but will malce another desperate fight. -MoD, THE liATEST. Frederick, July B.—Gen. French has been placed in command of the 3d Corpß, which is now in mo tion, It iB stated, upon reliable authority, that General Bee has no alternative but to deliver battle or sur render. About 600 prisoners arrived here to-day. This arrival, according to high official authority, swells the number already reported to 11,800. These latter were captured and forwarded by Gen. Kilpatrick. Considerable cannonading has been heard to-day in the direction of Hagerstown, but, as no reportß have yet come in, it is believed to be caused by our cavalry attacks upon the enemy’s outposts. The wounded paroled officers from Gettysburg to day correct the published statements in regard to the following officers: General Paul was alive last night, and there were some hopes of his recovery. Colonel Root, of the 94th.Wew York, was unin jured. Colonel Wheelook was also uninjured,* but is a prisoner. Colonel Tilden,' 16th Maine Regi ment, is a prisoner. General Baxter was unin jured. Colonel Fairchild, 2d Wisconsin, had an arm amputated. Hundreds of rebel deserters are in the country surrounding Gettysburg, having changed their clothing and turned farmers in the harvest fields. . The skies are clear to-night. It ib not believed that a general battle will come off to-morrow. General Butterfield, chief or staff, has been re lieved of that position, and the accomplished soldier and gentleman, General Warren] appointed in his stead. The Capture of Vicksburg* Hew York, July Bth.—-The Hew York World has received a dißpatch from General Grant’s head quarters, dated July 3d, 8 P. M., which Bays: “A flag of truce from Pemberton appeared at 8 o’clock this morning, with a communication pro posing the appointment of. commissioners to ar range terms, to which General Grant made the following response: “The only terms I can entertain are those of un conditional surrender.’ “ Subsequently General Grant met Pemberton, and after an-hour’s consultation the terms of surrender were agreed upon, the former consenting to parole the soldiers. “ The number of prisoners, wounded, fee., is said to be eighteen thousand, twelve thousand of whom are in fighting condition. “Theimmediate cause of the surrender was the exhaustion of supplies and ammunition, and the failure of Johnßton to relieve the garrison. “ Our army will enter Vicksburg triumphantly at daylight, doubly celebrating the4th.”~ A general interchange of civilities extends along the lines. Cairo, July B.—By the arrival of the steamer Ni agara, with Lieutenant Dunn, of General Sullivan’s staff, from Vicksburg, who is a bearer of despatches from General Grant to the War Department, we have a confirmation of the capitulation of Vicks-, burg.' . • From reliable Bourcea the following particulars of the closing scenes of the siege of Vicksburg have been obtained: The first flag of truce received for some time was on the first of July, asking an escort , for two Eng lishmen, who had been shutup for Borne time in the Confederacy. This request was granted. On the previous day the rebels made an unsuccessful sortie on our works on the left, intending to take our soldiers out of the rifle-pits. General Johnston was reported to be only twenty miles off. Our men were in line of battle ready to receive an attack. On the sth, a flag of truce came into our lines, brought by two Confederate officers, one of whom was Major-General Bowen, The messengers were blindfolded, and remained awaiting the return of General Smith, who took the despatches from Pem berton to General Grant, an hour had elapsed their eyes were unbandaged. They conversed fredly with the Union officers.. One of them said that iron enough had been thrown into the city to stock im mense foundries and build monuments for all who had fallen. The messengers were again blindfolded and es corted to a safe point from which they could enter their own lines. Great curiosity was manifested by the officers and soldiers to learn the contents of General Pember ton’s despatches, which waß finally gratified. > The rebel general had seen fit.to intimate that an unnecessary efi'uaion of blood and loss of life might be prevented by the cessation of hostilities, during which commissioners might be appointed to agree on terms of surrender. He also intimated that he could hold the city for an indefinite period. Gen. Grant’s reply was very brief, saying that Pemberton had it in his own hands to stop blood shed at any moment; that commissioners were un necessary, and the only stipulations he could ac cept were an unconditional surrender. He con cluded by paying a deserved tribute to the bravery and endurance of the rebel garrison, and said that if they surrendered they would be treated with 'all the courtesy due to prisoners of war. The rebel messenger had not gone long when Pemberton sent again, asking a personal interview, whioh General Grant promptly, acceded to. At 3 o’clock P. M., the. same day, a conference took place about midway between the fronts ofboth armies. The two generals went aside, and s what was said during the conference can only be judged from the results. After little more than an hour terms were agreed upon, and the rebels surrendered. It was arranged that the Federal forces should enter at 10 o’clock on the next morning, and the. rebels all be paroled (the officers allowed to retain their horses) and given: four days’ rations, to he taken from the rebel Btorea. They were to he con sidered as prisoners, liable to. exchange; The ene my, numbering from’2s,ooo to 30,000, by this arrange ment fell into our hands, along with their small arms, forts, defences, &c. Plenty, of cannon were captured, and their quality is equal to the best in the Confederacy. ' At ten o'clock on the morning of the 4th of'July, General Steele’s division marched into and garri soned the city, the .bands playing the national airs of the contending forces. The scene was witnessed by thousands of Federal and rebel soldiers, many of whom, for the first time in weeks, had shown them selves with impunity above the rifle-pits, although, during ali thiß time, they I!Hd been within,five yards of each other. . _ Gen. Grant came to the place of rendezvous smo king a cigar, and apparently the only unexcited person in the vast assemblage.. : ' Gen. Pemberton first remarked that he had been present when different fortresses had surrendered -to the Federal arms in the Mexican war, and in those cases the enemy were granted terms and con ditions. He thought hiß army was as well entitled to such favors as a foreign foe. 1 Gen. Grant listened to his arguments, And then proposed a private conversation, to which'Pember ton agreed. - The “Stars and "Stripes” were.>soon after seen floating above the buildings where lately the rebel ensigns had met the breeze, and Vicksburg was again in loyal possession. Not long after formal possession of the city had been taken, Colonel Markland made hia entrance to take charge of the Post Office, and agreed to establish Federal mail routes with the rest of the world. The War in Kentucky. . Louisville, July S.—A meeting of citizens was held to-night to take measures to provide for the defence of the city. It was addressed by General Boyle, who stated that although there was no im mediate apprehension of danger, the necessary measures should be taken to organize the citizens for their defence. The matter was submitted to Councils, which passed'a resolution that all male citizens between 1$ and 45 years shall be enrolled into companies for service, if required, and all who refuse shall be eent South. GenT Boyle is determined to carry out this resolu tion vigorously, and the enrolment will im , ne<li*teiy commence; . We have the usual reports about the übiquities of Morgan’s forces, but they are considered to be the fancies of excited people. No considerable number of armed rebels are known to be near our city. - Buckner’s forces were crossing the Tennessee river, near Chattanooga yesterday, and there are small squads of rebel cavalry along, the line oF the Frankfort Railroad. Invasion ol' Indiana. Indianapolis, Indiana, July B.—Reliable infor mation received here to-niglit states that the rebels bad crossed into Indiana, and are marching on Oor yider, with artillery.. • s In a skirmish with the -Home, guards four ofcthe, latter were killed. From California, Sait Francisco, July 7.-—The ships Grace Dap* ling, Mary L. Ogden, Napier, Gaspee, Charger, anA other first-class vessels, have been loaded for many days, but detained by the scarcity of seamen.' Many of the sailors who have arrived here seem disposed to try their luok in some of the new mining district* before shipping again. ~ All classes are more subject to the mining fever this year than they have been since 1849 and *5O. Trade is falling off, although jobbers are still doing considerable. Grocers look with favor upon staple goods at old prices, but, are indisposed to pay the advance do* manded by importers. Sugars are. firm. Tiie Celebration at Dayton. Dayton, Ohio, enjoyed on the 4th of July, per haps, more than itß share of celebration. A orowd of distinguished people were present, and the Hon« John Brough made a speech of remarkable effect* The exercises of the day opened with prayer, by the Bev. Colonel Granville Moody, who led a regiment at Murfreesboro, After this, the Declaration of In dependence wab read by James' E. Murdoch. Read in his masterly manner, the words of that instru ment seemed to possess a deeper and more sacred meaning. The following poem, by Buchanan Read, called forth great applause: THE DEFENDERS. Our flag on the land and our flag on the eoean. An Angel of Peace wheresoever it goes, Nobly sustained by Columbia’s devotion : The ADgel of Death it shall be to our foes. True to its native sky, , Still shall our Eagle fly, Casting his sentinel glances afar; Tho’ bearing the olive branch,] Still in his talons staunch Grasping the bolts of the thunders of war l Hark to the sound—there’s a foe on our border, A foe striding on to the gulf of his doom,— Freemen are rising and marching in order, Leaving the plough, and the anvil, and loom; Rust dime the harvest, sheen Of scythe and of sickle keen., The axe sleeps in peace by the tree it would mar. - Veteran and youth are out Swelling the battle about, Grasping the bolts of the thunders of war. Our brave mountain eagles swoop from their eyrie, Our lithe panthers leap from forest and plain— Out of the West flash the flames of the prairie; Out Of the East roll the waves of the main. Down from their Northern shores, Swift as Niagara pours. They march, and their tread wakes the earth, with its jar. Under the stripes and stars, Each with the soul of Mars Grasping the bolts of the thunders of war. Spite of the sword or assafisin’s stiletto, While throbs a heart in the breaaVbf the brave, l! S The oak of the North, or the Southern palmetto Shall shelter no foe except in his grave. * While the Gulf billow breaks Echoing our Northern lakes. And Ocean replies unto Ocean afar,] i i - Yield we no inch of land, *. ? Jpt* While there’s a patriot hand Grasping the bolts of the thunders of wat. A Word for Malcontents. . Professor Holmes’ oration in Boston, on the Fourth of July, has, a passage of unusual applica tion to those who denounce the Government and apologise for the enemies of the country: “ There are those who profess to fear that OUT Government is becoming a mere irresponsible ty ranny. If there are any who really believe that our present Chief Magistrate means to found a dynasty for himself and family—that a coup d>ct<U U in-preparation by which he iB to become Abra ham the First, Dei Gratia—they cannot have duly pondered his letter of June 12th, in which he unbosoms himself with the -simplicity of a rustic lover called upon by an anxious pa rent to explain his intentions. The force of hi* argument is not at all injured by the homeliness of his illustrations. The American people are not much afraid that their liberties will be usurped* An army of legislators is not very likely to throw away its political privileges, and the idea of a dee potiem resting on an open ballot-box, is like that of Bunker Hill Monument, built on the waves of Bos* ton harbor.. We know pretty nearly how much of sincerity there is in the fears so clamorously ex pressed, and how far they are found in company with uncompromising hostility to the armed ene mies of the nation. We have learned to put a true value on the services of the watch dog who bays the moon but does hot bite the thief' ” The men who are so busy holy-stoning the quar ter deck, while all hands are wanted to keep the ship afloat, can. no doubt show spots upon, it that would be very unsightly in fair weather. Ho thoroughly loyal man, however, need suffer from any arbitrary exercise of power, such as emer gencies always give rise to. If any half-loyal man . forgets his code of half decencies and half duties so far : as to become obnoxious to the peremptory justice which takes the place of slower forms in all cen tres of conflagration, there is no sympathy for him among the. soldiers who are risking their lives for us $ perhaps there is even more satisfac tion than when an avowed traitor is caught and punished. For of all men who are loathed by gene rous natures, such as fill the ranks of the armies of theUnioD, none are so thoroughly loathed as the men who contrive to keep just within the limits of the law. while their whole conduct provokes others to break itwhose patriotism consists in stopping an inch short of treason, and whose political morality has for its safeguard's justrespect iorthe jailor and the hang man! The simple cure for all possible injustice a citizen iB likely to suffer at the hands of a Govern ment, which in its need and haste must of course commit many errors, is to take care to do nothing that will directly or indirectly help the enemy or hinder the Government in carrying on the war.— Portland NewSf Tuesday. THE LADIES TO THE SOLDIERS.—The La dies’ B ational League of St. Louis lately addressed the following to the heroic Army of the Mississippi. To Gen. Grant and his Soldiers : To-day we, the ladies of the “ national League” of St. Louis, unite with one voice to pray that the God of Mercy may reward your heroic efforts with a success as great as such sacrifices demand. Our hearts and our sympathies are with you, and we beg of you to call upon us, if possible, whenever and wherever you may need that aid and comfort which we, the loyal women of St: Louis, stand ready to minister to every man who raises a hand to de stroy the traitorous worms that gnaw, at the heart of this great nation, which, though it already seems to totter, shall never fall. For rest assured, brave soldiers, if the life of every Union man in America be sacrificed, then the time will have arrived for the “League” to take up arms, and the Btars and stripes shall still be defended. May God’s blessing rest upon each and every one of you forever and always. Mrs. OHAUHCEY I. FILLEY, Secretary L, N. L. FIGHTING DEMOCRATS.—In the hearty speech of John candidate for Gover nor of Ohio, at Dayton, on the 4th of July, he Bays of fighting Democrats: “ While there are some acts of the Administration which I cannot aoprove, I cannot forget the fact that every gallants man who is prosecuting thiß war in the lead of the army on the bloody plains of Pennsylvania, Tennessee, or Mississippi, is a Democrat, bred and born. [Cheers.] My friend Thurman, in his Bpeech the other day, said that McClellan, was removed because he was a Democrat, while Rosecrans, who was a Republican, was reaping all the glories of the war. [Laughter.] I am sorry that brother Thurman has not read his tory better than that. [Renewed laughter.] Bless your soul, Rosy has always been a Democrat, and a worker in the party. Yery many of the men in the ranks Are Democrats, and while they are fighting the battles of the country, you stay at home carping, and say you CAnnot do anything because Republi cans are at the head of the Government! That is not worthy of you. And when a man comeß and puts that argument in your ear, you should put an other down his throat. I leave you to determine what that should be. ; K AN INCIDENT AT VICKSBURG.—Quite ah excitement was raised a few nights ago by a deep voiced private in our rifle-pits calling out as fol lows: “Attention, battalion! Order arms! Fixhayo nets! Shoulder arms! Charge bayonets! Forward, double-quick! Just at this juncture an entire vol ley of musketry from the rebels greeted our pits. It was dark, and they thought a charge had been mads. As soon as the report of the discharge had died away our hero cried out, as if to a regiment: “Why are you wavering there? Forward! I Bar forward. 11 .Another volley came rattling over their heads, when, having carried the joke far enough, the boys fell to shooting at the excited rebels, and ceased only when the pickets were put out. A REBEL MILLIONAIRE BEGGING.—The ravages of war are well illustrated by the case of a Southern man living in the neighborhood of Sny der’s Bluffs, who lately applied by letter to General Waßhburne for subsistence for himself and family. This man was lately the owner of seven large and well-stocked , plantations, and was estimated to be worth $6,000,000. He was in Europe when the war broke out, and did not reach America again until after the occupation of Hew Orleans by Gen. Butler. Slipping through Hew Orleans by some means, he came up to a fine plantation in this neighborhood, and was found here by.our army. He had ÜBedhis princely fortune lavishly in attempts to forward the Secession cause. Today he is reduced to the neces sity of depending upon the United States military authorities for the necessaries of life! Think of a Southern millionaire, the owner of thousands of of a fine house and establishment in Hew Orleans, of & beautiful summer residence in Ken tucky, of seven plantations in Mississippi, Louisi ana, and Arkansas, and an educated, travelled, ckU valrous gentleman, of course, going daily to an ene my’s commissary of subsistence for rations. A FASHIONABLE SHOPLlFTElf.—Western papers notice th& arreat of one of the most fashion able ladies of Chicago for confirmed and long-con tinued shoplifting, her elegant house being filled with costly dry goods, which she had stolen and secreted. The case excited profound interest from the standing and surroundings of Mrs. Burgett. She was promptly tried and convicted of grand larceny, and sentenced to the penitentiary. She at first positively refused to go before the court, and to avoid being taken by force she deliberatelyretired to bed in her cell., She finally consented, ho wever, to go in after the rest of the prisoners had been sen tenced and removed. She was clad in deep mourn ing for the recent death of her husband. Examination at the Boys’ High School;—The following »re the questions pro pounded yesterday at-the Boys’ High-achoal exami nation: - ETYMOLOGY AND DEFINITIONS. Give the root,, prefix, and suffix ot each of,the following words, the .definition of the word itself, and a sentence of not lesß than twelve words, show ing the correct uie of the word: Aggrandize, confiscation, discernment, encumber 9 indignity, inheritance, promiscuous, unfortunate, sufficient, susceptible. GEAMMAR- 1. Give the rules regulating the agreement of the verb with nominatives of different persons. 2. In what two cases may intransitive verbs be used in the passive voice? 3. Compare an adjective having two forms of the superlative with different meanings. 4. Explain the difference between the grammatical and the intended meaning of the following sentence : “ William and Robert took" either of them his horse.” • 5. Whv is the expression, “I expeoted to have found him,” incorrect? 6. Write a sentence in which the adverb (here is used as an expletive without any signification of its own. • ... 7. What are the sounds of the letters? Jlllustrate by examples. - V 8. Divide the consonants according to the part of the vocal . organs by whioh they are formed, and place each consonantunder its appropriate division. 9. Why is the letter e omitted in spelling excu sable, and not in changeable? 10. i Correct the following sentence, and give your reasox for each-correction : u She taught him and I to study the lawsof Draco, which, is said' to have been wrote in blood.” Paeade.— This afternoon,, at 4i o’clock, the Twenty- will parade and.drill, mounted, from Albert. Walton’s Hotel, Frankford. A large number of; gentlemen are expected to bft present and participate. . A Ebal Gentleman — Is affable with hia equalß, and pleasant and attentive to his interiors. Detests eves-dropping as one of the most disgrao©* ful of crimes. He never dresses in the extreme Of fashion, but wearssuch jjarmentsaa lured byGianville. Stokes,No. 600 Ohestnutatroet, whioh are noted for their ue*tne®» Qt ftl aud oheap* ness in price, ' ' "
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers