TIE PRESS, PUBLISEIND DAILY (SUNDAYS EXCEPTED,) BY JOHN W. FORNEY. , OFFICE, IQo. 111 SOITrIT FOURTH STREET. THIS DAILY PRESS, TIOITTESN CENTS PER WEEK - ., payable to the Carrier. Nailed to Subscrihers out of the City at 'EIGHT DOLLARS PER ANNUM, FOUR DOLLARS FOR STE Me NT11:31 TWO Dar , VANS Non TITRES Mosms—lavatiably to advance for the 071:10T011± iiir.kunnamentli Ilt lin U5lllll Ithi6sl - 6110 Mos conatituto ft mum THE TRI-VVBEIET 4 T P.RESS4 'ailed to Subscribers oat of the City at Fouts Doukas Eta ANNUM, In advance. GENTS' FURNIMING GOODS. ..,N.IWY.M.rV,.NWVNAJVV'V,W."" THE FINE SHIRT EMPORIUM, . Noe. 1 AND 3 303 TH SIXTH STREET. JOHN C. ARRISON, (FORMERLY J. BUR MOORS,) IMPORTER AND MANUFACTURER OF GENTLEMEN 7 B FURNISILINQ GOODS IN GREAT VARIETY AND AT MODERATE PRICES 11. B.—Particular attention given to the making otShlrte, Collars, Drawers, Sm. jatt-tarsi_. FINE SHIRT 'MANUFACTORY. -J.- The subscriber would Invite attention to hie IMPROVED CUT OF SHIRTS, Which be makes a specialty in his business. Also. con. (gently receiving, NOVELTIES FOR GENTLEMEN'S WEAR. J. W. SCOTT, GENTLEMEN'S FURNISHING STORE, „No. 81.4 CHESTNUT STREET, Four doors below the Continental. ARMY CLOTHING, A:c. A. OPPENHEIMER, No. 231 outman Ailey. Philadelplan, CONTRACTOR AND MANUFACTURER OF ARMY CLOTHING Of Every Description. ALSO, HAVERSACKS, PONCHOS, CAMP SLOTH:Mk EITAPSAOICSoad BED TIOKINGS POR HOSPITALS, MATIRIAL BOTJGHT FOB CONTRACTORS. All goods made will be guarantied regulation in else. N. B. Orders of any size filled with despatch. .la7-31n PAPER HANGINGS. pRIL A. D L HIA PAPER HANGINGS. HOWELL Sz BOURKE, CORNER Or FOURTS,AND MARKET STREETS, M,I4M'AO'TURERS OF PAPER HANGINQS AND WINDOW CURTAIN PAPERS, Direr to the Trade n liit JIND BRIM tiffMl: Riff gi Sllt9lllll ITBIII tilB 81011131 DIDAII OIDCII Stta T 4149 . 55 P , 9 9M191111 E. COB, FOURTIi AND MARKET STREETS. N. B.—Solld Green, Blne, and Blur WINDOW Pk. PERS of every grade. fel34m SEWING MACHINES. STILL THERE! AT THE OLD STAND, ISMIS CHESTNUT STREET. Second floor. opposite Jayne's Hall, WHEELER & WILSON SEWING MACHINES. The Indereigued has not removed, but is ready at his Old Office to supply customers, at the lowest prices, with every style and quality of WHEELER at WILSON SEWING MACHINES. Itfachinee to hire; also, with drat-class operators, to private families and hotels, by the day, Machine otitcbing done at short notice, in any quantity. Machines repaired and operators taught de26sain HENRY COY. SIN GER'S SEWING MACHINES, For Yasally Sewing and Manufketnrlng Pumas 810 CHESTNUT STREET jaI3Bm THE WILCOX & GIBBS. Tmerby SEWING MACHINES Jays been greatly improve THORN NOISELESS, and with Seltadbuting Hemmers, are now ready for pa& by YALHBANEs & EWING. sit27-tf 715 CHESTNUT Street LATE VIVIIBEES, 517 Lim MEET. • C. A. V.ANKIREC di 00. MAPOPAOTTIRNRS OP CHANDELIERS - cAB S. ireso,Tranoh Bronze Nimes and Ornaments, Forecast* And Rica Shades, and a variety of FANCY GOODS WHOLESALE AND RETAIL. Pleaae call and examine goods. &May DRUGS AND CHEMICALS. ROBERT SHOEMAKER ea 00.; Northeast Corner Fourth and RACE Streets. PHILADELPHIA. WHOLESALE DRUGGISTS, IMPORTERS AND DEALERS FOREIGN AND GOMM WINDOW AND PLATE GLASS, 11.4,11071LOTORMIS OP WHITE LEAD AND ZINC PAINTS, 'PUTTY. Era p= . rALDicin • =IV PAINT& Plasim add d6littitll.6l% AttOblida at VSET LOW PRICES FOB GUN. 3087-9 m . . CARPETS - AND 011 - CLOTHS. GLEN ECHO. MILLS, . M'OALLUM & 00., AfAIIITEACTURERS, IMPORTERS, AND DEALERS, 509 CHESTNUT STREET, (Opposite Independence liall,) • Q ARPETINGS, OIL CLOTHS, &a We have now on hand an extensive stook of CARPET- LNOS, of our own and other makes, to which we call -the attention of man and short-time buyers. fel4.3in OFFEE! COFFEE 1 t COFFEE I I The best and cheapest prepared Coffee in the city. A trial will convince the moat skeptical. No charge made if satisfaction is not rendered. Prepared anti for sale the g Ste a m ante(' and Coffee Works, 94 lit end Oliopt 1 , 3011. T ptagit ILLIAIII ii. TEA.TON k 00., tio. 201 Beath FRONT Stleata Agents for the sale 01 the ORIGINAL liEIDSIECK Sz CO. CILLAITAGNE. Offer that desirable Wine to the trade. Also, I,COO eases fine and medium grades BORDEAUX CLARETS. 100 cases "Brandenberg Freres" COGNAC BRANDY, Ttutage DRS, bottled in France. 60 cases finest Tuscan Oil, in flasks ; 2 dozen in case. 60 This finest quality Monongahela Whisky. 50 bble Jersey Apple Brandy. 60,020 Bavaria Cigars, MI trtt fine. Most St Chawion Grand inn Imperial, "Green Beer rhampagne. Together with a fine assortment of Madeira, aberrg. • °Et, kg. CARD.-THE SUBSCRIBER FIA.V INC/ made arrangements with Messrs. REEVE L. & EON will befound at their New Store, No. CHESTNUT Street, above EIGHTH Street, North ready to wall on his old friends and customers, on SDAY, the Zid inst., with a new and superior stock :ivory description of CARPETING and BEDDING, lob will he offered at the lowest cash prices. A call restfully solicited. ROBERT R. WALKER. SOT CHESTNUT Street, 18-1 m Above EIGHTH Street. North side. DR FINE, PRACTICAL: DEN. ;ST for the last twenty years, 210 VINE SL, .nird, insert° the most beautiful 'TEETH of the eounted on Sue Gold Platina, Sllver.Vulcantte, Co .e, Amber, dm, at prices, for neat and substantial it. more reasonable than any dentist in this ray or Ile. Teeth plugged to last for life. Artificial Teeth re red to snit. No pain in extracting, No charges nn. latleited all Is right. Reforeitoe.lbeet Jalaam THOMSON'S LONDON KITCHENER. OR EUROPEAN RANGE, for firmllles bards. or _nubile institutions, IN • Twion. DIM:RENT BIM. Also, Philadel. . Ranges. liot-Air Furnaces, Portable Heaters, Low /a Orates, Plreboard Stoves, Bath Boilers, Stow-hold ides, Broilers, Cooking Stoyea, Sto., at Wholesale and tail, by the utuuflicturors, NORTH, CHASE,. az NORTH, No. 209 North SECOND Street. • -- 4HLY IMPORTANT TO THE ,ADIES. GEORGE'S PATENT HAIR-CRIMPER. a take pleasure In .Informing ear numerous friends .thlladelpitia that we are now prepared to furnish, nadir , tely. this Indleponsable article to every hay% mt. either wholesale or retail. On account of the at rush for the Crimper we have been unable to ply the great demand until now. The *angle Crimp with jut, directions, 17111 be forwarded to any ad o, free, on receipt of oue dollar and twenty-Ave . 'We furnish the Crimper at a liberal diaconal to :ode. Any lady can wave her own hair beautifully tainitteo. t have also a largo imply of the "Elegant Improved Elliptic Sewing Vlach nee," for which we invite Address R G. SUMER. ift-Gt 4 537 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. RE CELEBRATED-.. GUM MASTIC , (collect substitute for Tobacco. Purities the breath, ens the teeth, and delightful forchowlng. I' sale by all Druggists. and Confectioners. tile supplied by 0. B. BRONSON, lifannfecturer's Agent 125 WALNUT Street, Philadelphia. FIRE LANDELL, FOURTH AND ARCH, (WO now opening a fine assortment of NEW SPRING GOODS: Nook.Spnn Silk Shawls, Lama Shawls, long anti square Self-cord Figured Silks, Nest Cheek Spring Silks, Made-cola Mich Spring Silks, Pin-stripe Now Dress Silks. Yakon Cloths, for Dresses, Spring Foulards, new styles, Spring Chintzes, LAWSIO, and Pi nets, fe% Spring Delaines, Modo Alpacas, Sco. , &c. BLACK SILKS. Gros du Rhinos. - . Lustringe, Marcolines. 31warning Po de Soles. Gros Grains. Bonnet Taffetas. Moire Antiques. Double-faced Brocades, Rich, neat Figures. SHARPLESS BROTHERS. SPRING DRESS GOODS. Pall do Ohevres, -Risteris. Adrieunes, Worsted Crepes. Fil Chevros, Molutirg. Chintzes, Lawns, Organdies. Plain Silks, New Foulards.' Plaid All-wool Cashmeres. _ SHARLESS BROTHERS. fe23 CHESTNUT and EIGHTH Streets. MUSLINS BY THE PIECE UNDER PRICE.-We will sell bleached Muslim, 25 inches wide, • for 15 cents per yard: good „If wide 10 cents; better do 20 cents; 4.4 wide 21 cents; good 4-4 30 cents; better 31, 32, 35, stud 874 cents, Aloe, 40 inches, 42 inches, 45 inches, wide, an 0-4, 9-4,19-4 and 12-4 wide. • • Included in this stock will be found Williainsyille, Wanisutta, Forrestdale, Attewagen, Hebron, and every Well-known make. Parties who wish to buy by the whole piece or case, will find we are about 5 cents per yard under agent'sprices. B. D. & W. H. PENNELL, I.O2IIIAEKET St, below Eleventh. TABLE LINENS, IN LARGE ASSORT -a- moat et renr old prices, from 6214 cents up to finest imported Napkins, *LW per dozen; extra tine, $1.75 pee dozen ; also very fine do. All linen towels. $1.50 Per dozen; also, towels of every description; Crash, 15, 16, and 18 cents. R. D. &W. H. PENNELL, Se2:l•3t 1021 MARKET St. below Eleventh. CILOSING OUT WINTER STOCK AT AND UNDER COST PRICES.- Saxony Plaids and Poll De Chaves, at 20 cts. Best American Detainee at2s cts. All imported Dress Goods at cost prices. Theso goods are all really cheaper than Calicoes. Plain Silks, rich colors. Small-figured Corded Silks, solid colors. Plain and figured Black Silks. Very . heavy Ciro Grain Black Silks. Rich styles Fancy Silks. ail of these goods are at last fall's prices. Pretty styles Fancy Silks, 56, 65, 75 cts. Plain Black Alpacas. Single and double-width Black All-wool Delain.ss„ Plain Black Matinees, Cashmeres, and Reps. All at last fall's prices. English, Merrimac, Coshes°, Sprague, and all the best makes of Prints in the market. Pillow Case, Sheeting, and Shirting Mullins, Wil liamsville and other approved makes. 9-8 Waltham and Pocasset, 6-4 Layman, unbleached, all glees than the agent's case prices. H. STEEL Zi H SON, 142 Nos. 713 and 715 North TENT street. SPLENDID STOCK ON RAND, Ali the best makes of Calicoes. All the best makes of Kaoline. All the best makes of Linens. All the best makes of Sheet' sp. All the best make a of Napkins. Together with Towels, Crash, Diaper Iluckabacks Bird Bre, Burlap, &c. &c. White Cambric and Jaconet, fall line. Nitiasooks and Plaid Muslims, fell line. Winter Goods closing out. Shawls, Merinoes, closing oat, Balmoral Skirts, allprices. Silk and. Linen Hdkfs, nice assortment. At JOHN IL STOKES', ja 21 702 ARCH Streak EDWIN HALL & BRO., 26 South SECOND Street. Have reduced the pricesiof Fanor Bilks, • .. Rich Printed Dress Goode. Choice Medea of Bedtime. Beautiful Col' re of Reps or Poplins. All-Wool De Mines, All kinds of dark dress goods reduced. also, Tine Long Brodie Shawls, Open Centre Long Cashmere Shawls, Bich new styles of Blanket Shawls. • 11 4P134 TOT9I9‘ 01111 NMI . _ W ,Litt Yak Paisilaka, Edward harries Bay add Other good makes titanium+. 10-4 Utica, W VlNE altham i ts Pepperell Sheetings. At nearly old prices. Cheap Damask Clothe, Power-Loom Linens, • Good Napkins. Fine Towels and BOYBes. BLACK ALPACAS, Pine Colored Alpacas, • Prints, Delaines, Cheap Reps. .6/48filtP—VAl e al t rts - Jill'att V. Closing out Winter Cloaks and gnawls. Closing oat Boys' Winter Clothing. COOPER & COMM, .1a24-if 8. R^cerner NINTH and MARKET Streets. "EMBROIDERIES I EMBROIDERIES I —French Needle-worked Bands, Edginge: Insert , Inge, Hilkfs, Collars, Setts, Skirts, Ste. ; a large assort ment of very choice goods at low pricer. SHEFFARD, VAN HARLINGEN, & ARRISON. fe9-Swif 1008 CHESTNUT Street. P RINTED LINENS! PRINTED LINENS! I—At a small advance on the old prices. a larse assortment of Printed LlllOll3 , in new au& destra ble patterns, suitable for children 's wear, dresses, &c. SREPPAB.D. VAN HARLINGEN. & AMMON. fe9-3wif 1008 CHESTNUT Street. 110MESTIO MIISLDTS, SKEETINGS, &e.—All of the desirable makes for sale. at the lowest sash prices. SHEPPARD, VAN HARLINGEN, & ARRISON. fe9-3wif 1008 CHESTNUT Street. PAINTINGS, ENGRAVINGS, &c. JAMES S. EARLE & SON, IMPORTERS AND MANUFACTURERS OF QIL PAINTINGS, sinanrAirr. =TUBS, and PHOTOGRAPH FRAMES, PIIOTOGRAPH ALBUMS. NITENSIVE LOOKING CLAES WAREROOMS AND GALLERY OF PAINTINGS, deSi-tt 816 CHESTNUT Street, Phila.&lehle. GERMANTOWN, PA AGENCY FOB THB SALE OF UNITED STATES TAX STAMPS, No. 57 South THIRD Street, first door above Chestnut. A fall supply of all kinds of TAX STAMPS constantly on baud, and for sale in quantities to snit. A liberal discount allowed on amounts of $6O and up wards. Orders by Mail promptly attended to. Office Hours from 9 A.M. to 6 P.M. JACOB E.•.R1:13(31:WA.Y, deg-tief). . NO. 57 Bath THIRD Street. •WVVWVVVVWWJVNJWVW•NVVVVWV , AdWNAAWA , C A p. T I 0 N. F. I. O. MD . ARMY AND TOILET MIRRORS, The best in the world for finish and darability. B. M. S. The best brand Silk Finished VELVET RIBBONS. Sole Agent, BENJAMIN M. SMITH, (436-Sm 185 DUANE Street, near West Broadway, New York. • - 4 ~F . ,r , y , ._ - . - - -. .'f. --..c.:' ,. . . • . \ ''S . ,; .: •, : .:'< t c\\\ 1 1 1 // / /.. ) )..; .. ..•.,--...:.:-„:;-..,. Avici.4.4e. . .., •••.- „ . • , -. ......•;•'-• - , , -,: ivt.' •, ' .-• • ' ...•: .1 4 s•,;' \I ; 1 1,/,.. , " li, " ""- . .. 1 .74 ,7 '-'-!:-V•''''" • teit fr.' \ 1.::,,, , .....„;>"\-•.• . : ; 7. ( . 1 ::: jr' 6 7: ' ''.. / .*A?&.;:. ' ; '.--, •i:g - --_,,-. - I N - -. 7 .....,..4:f>01 r -,*,...('..,. ;-'?:'....:- . -. .r.. , ... ,--- . tr . 4 * .....':: fi lio r ' V r . '; ''''''''''' r / "!*.• - •;1 - ' : :.;:r . ''. ' ''' • ' ..." .". k\\ .;:,' :.... - ~. -......,. - E 1; ..... . -----4 c. .., .„,- „* -- T. - c. - -;v• - ,1, ~..:.,..,:•:--,.,•--,.-,';,. - ., - .1017 --- ' l4 -L '' * P 4 . .-",. -- - - --:: ••:-------,..-•'--, ; -- .- -- wv - '''' -" - . " -1., ' '''. '''''' .- ' ' (,:- ;•^•. : t ' , i ' . .7 . 7•.- • i:g: ::: - ,.',. , .v • 2 - 1 , , , .4. , - -...,•-:-. , ..-.....1c-•••.,.....„.. : ...i . #-...• 4 . • ...„,,,,_.. - .4*--- . ...., 4.- ......,,,. /.......,...,•.'.. ;-: - ........: IA-v - ' : --........... ~--..- - .c."• .....:.: -.., .4 ,, ,,4000.; : , ..: ., ,,.„ . ..i,_: : :; , ;,,., - „, , _ - _ - . , -. . „p,...„;,...F,, , ..,- - _,- , _ --_,...-...,....-,„ . --- '' --7 . , . ' .., -,,,,;•: . . ,-2&k s e :„ .-, - 10 ; 1 ,-!!!tttz, :--,„- 71. - ,;, ; -411- ---,.....,:,,-. - t --- ;;, - .-., - -We ,-",.--! '..- -7 , :-..,, - ;. - . -- . :•••,:7 - 1 • IF. :::4: - ...._; . t- - - - =• - . - ' ' ' . r- 4L----1 " -i-1111111 .. .. "tiiii VOL. 6.-NO. 175. RETAIL DRY GOODS. 1024 CHESTNUT STREET. E. M. NEEDLES_ No. 1024 CHESTNUT STREET. tilinoingirtyrsimoir or Me Lomita nu ova O n dlkff fr iairre.. !n o . rozssms, A greater part able goods have been pgreliaeisa Protdotts to too recent GREAT ADVAttaff, and are now being RETAILED at LESS than ` sale prices. He has JUST OPENED: ‘e 100 dozen broad Hemstitched litikfe., at 30u, and upwards. al - SOO dozen corded-bordered all-Linen Hdkfs., u at 113 c., worth 25 cents. elf SO pieces plain, buff, and white Plonk for k i ll ce Children's wear. pt o 20 pieces printed and fig'd Pique, for Children's !.3 wear. NOVELTIES IN LADIES' BOWS. ' Emb'd Muslin, lace trimmed, &c., received every morning, from 60n to $5. fele-tf 1024 CHESTNUT STREET. LOOKING GLASSES_ U. S. INTERNAL REVENUE. FAIRBANKS' SCALES. The well-earned reputation of FAIRBANKS' SCALES Else Induced the makers of Imperfect Imbrues to offer them as "FAIRBANKS' SCALES," and purchasers have thereby, In many instances, been subjected to fraud and Imposition. Fairbanks' Scales are mananietnred only by ilia Minn] T, k faii 110 14691 1 19 iv vigil Vain 01 WI Man, MN I num itreitUril ii itigigtal FAIRBANKS di EWINO, General Agents. anlo-tf MISONIG HAIL. 715 CHESTNUT ST. RI EVANS & WATSON'S STO SALAALANDBE SA37I 16 RE Lorrru FOUP:1 1 11 MEM rHILADELPHIA,.PA. A lam variety of IFIRS-PROur SAYBEI &limo 01 bond. 625 GOLDTHORP & CO., 625 (Late of 16 North Fourth street.) Dfantifectrirers of Tassels, Cords, Gimps, Fringes, Curtain Loops, Centre Tassels, Dress Trimmings, Blind Trimxninge, Tapes. Braids, Neck-ties, Military Trimmings, eto. fe.3-1m No. 825 MARKET rarest. Philadelphia. PERPETUAL BEAUTY.- II TINT'S WHITE LIQUID ENAMEL, prepared from the re ceipt of Madam Rachel Leyerson, the celebrated Parisian Ladies' Enameller. pit whitens the skin, giving it a soft, satin-like texture, and Imparts a freth nese, smoothness, pearl-like tint and transparency to the complexion which is quite natural, without injury to the skin, and cannot P 08811,1 3, be detested. Price 26 cents, Ladles are re quested to call for a circular, and try the enamel before Purchasing. This preparation is indispensable for the atage. Sold only at HUNT dr CO. 'B, Perfumers, fee-3m 133 South SEVENTH Street. above Walnut. B. I'AUL & BROTHER, SECOND • AVENUE. WESTERN MARKET, SIXTEENTH AND MARKET STREETS.—BD head of very superior Sheep of the South Down and Cotswold breed, raised and fed by Col. Jeremiah Weaver, of Barks county. Pa., will be exposed for vale at our Stalls, as above, on Wednes day, 'Thursday, Friday, and Saturday of this week. Oar friends and the public in general are respectfully invited to call and examine the very 'superior quality of this mutton, fifty sheep that have not been equalled in' quality and texture in this country before. Call, exit wane, and judgo for yourselves. D. li. PAUL, & BROTHER, fe23-1111 Nos. 33 and 55 Western Market. CUE PETROLEUM, 4,000 BAR- I- , rola; REFINED PETROLEUM, MN barrels, in bond, for sale for export. 8.000 Eniptr Crude or relined Coal-Oil Barrels wanted, in good order. DANIEL L. MILLER, Ja., Agent, feMi-M* N 0.123 WALNUT street. Philadelphia. SODA ASH.-200 CASKS SODA ASH, kJ Marsh's brand, in stow and for wide by_ c. W. CHUKQEMAN, fe23-St 34 South FRONT street. AGS.— 300 BALES EGYPTIAN White and iyttes, in store and for sale by . C. W CEITIRCHMAIF, fem..% So uth FRONT Street. L i Vrtos. WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 25, 1803. Hackett , s Criticisms on Shakspeare.* Mr. Hackett, well known by his fine per.. sonation of one Shakspeariau ciaracter, is well acquainted with the writings of the bard, who, "was not for an age, but for all time." Therefore his notes and criticisms upon Shakspeare's Plays and Actors,v4ll be read with interest, as containing the views of one, a scholarly man, as well as a .popu lax actor. His book, however, has disap pointed us. Out of 353 pages, less than half is by Mr. - Haelett, himself, chiefly upon three Shakspearian characters—Hamlet, Lear, and Falstaff. The •remainder contains other people's correspondence and Mr. Hiekett's own critical comments upon thirteen per sons, living and dead, who have played Hamlet. The book opens with a criticism Upon. Hamlet's soliloquy on suicide, in Act 111, scene 1, commencing,-" To be, 'or not to be." lt begins with refuting Dr. Gold smith's assertion that this soliloquy is -" a heap of absurdities," an assertion not minded when first made, and so long for gotten that it was not worth while non to revive it. Mr. Hackett's on comments on the soliloquy do not reach-much breadth of criticism, but chiefly are confined, to notices .of the various readings and explanations of particular phrases. Finally, he adopts Goiithe's, exposition of the character of Shakspeare, as given in "Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship." In his varice lectiones, Mr. Hackett omits one notable ote, in which. altered punctuation wholly changes the meaning of the well-known passage: "For who would bear the whips and scorns of time, Th' oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely, The pangs of despised love s the law's delay, The inemence of &flee, and the spurns . That patient merit of th' unworthy takes, When he himself might hie quietus make With a bare Lodkin? Who'd these fardels bear, To grunt and aweat under a weary life," &c As it thus is generally read, Hamlet asks IThowouldbUlJmlttoanallEliirrlitifindttrnnn n Who lin mint mitt than haalli9 ll —widel‘ 1.56113:neat is hem s dagger, as in Chaucer. The other reading, whreh was suggested a century ago, ends the sentence a 1 maks; thus—whowould sub mit to all this,: " When he himself might ithi quietus makel" and proceeds, "With a bare bodkin who would fardele bear, To grunt and sweat under a weary life," &o. In the dialect of Shakspeare's native War wickshire, bodkin means the yoke, or wood en frame, hollowed out to receive the neck, which "farm-folks bear on their shoulders, for suspending and carrying pails, the pro vincial term for which is fardels. Most illus trated edition's of Isaak Walton show a milk maid with her milk pails or fardels, thus evenly suspended from• a wooden bodkin on her shoulders ; and thepractice is continued in most rural parts of England. The passage, thus punctuated,. questions why should a man submit to various ills when his own hand could end them, by ending life, and, borrowing a familiar illustration from country life, asks who would bear such bur dens (fardels), with a bare, or unpadded or roughly-made borlldit (yoke) galling his Shoulders, causing him pain and fatigue, but that there ever arose the Slica 1 2f that " Num ! IHE Mll.OO it OPOBIII - to Buffo and: Hy& thati brohably plunge into worse ills in the endeavor to escape. Mr. Hackett's comments on "Hamlet," in general, open with recollections of John Quincy Adams,. and his remarks on Mr. ffackott's interleaved and self-annotated Copy of the play. Mr. Adamsliett.-uccu:: pies seven - pagan -- m — Me book, but-Mr. Hackett uses it as a peg 'on which to hang a great deal of very egotistical matter. He had the Adams epistle lithographed and circulated among friends and literary insti tutions in London and New York ; it was published in the New York Mirror of that day, and, in company with Mr. Hackett's reply, was extensively copied by the United States press. Moreover, Mr. Hackett mo destly publishes various , epistles addressed to himself by eminent literati, to whom he had sent Mr. Adams' letter. Of course, the reply to such a courtesy would be courteous, if not complimentary. It may concern Mr. Ilackett's amour propre to learn from the authors of " Rejected Addresses,"t that they thought highly of his Shakspearian zeal in 1830—that the Hon. Charles R Murray, WashingtOn Irving, and Lord Carlisle, also wrote very .4011 letters. Here is Talfourd , s latt.tr- • ISr.:o•2at Snits i INOttaiSt your mauueuru any 'Lest 4iinnicn. I 'mgret that the very isaxtoWl trials in which I am engaged at Ulla. seaaoa has [haven not permitted me to contemplate with the attention the subject deserves your delightful re. collections ; but I have seen enougli.oi them to feel that they are among the most intellectual the stags can give a nation. Believe me I remain, my dear sir, Very truly yours, T. N. TALFOURD. This letter, which merely acknowledges that Talfourd had not read the Adams- Hackett speculations on Shakspeare, and winds up with a civil turn of expression, surely was not worth publishing. What reader, except Mr. Hackett, can cam for it ? Mr. Hackett's description of his per formance of Hamlet at the Park Theatre, N. Y., is lively, readable, and interesting. We could have dispensed with a copy of the play-bill, but Mr. Hackett seems fond of printing such documents, for (pp. 88-89) he prints one of Burton's announcements, in which that manager states that Mr. Hack ett "is now UNIVERSALLY acknowledged to combine a higher degree of EXCELLENCE with 'VERSATILITY than has been recorded in the annals of the stage of any individual since the days of Garrick." This puff, how ever allowable as a managerial flourish of trumpets i has been r!producq XI I MUM% pomp& to itiow that to vonntility n and " Mellahee he unties rare modesty. IL adds, "though I was well received in each of these Charac ters by the notoriously cold and reserved au &Owes of Philadelphia, Mr. Burton did not succeed in making my performance of Hamlet and King Lear nearly as attractive as most of my comic characters proved." Here, it strikes us, it was not Burton, but Hackett who " did not succeed." A fine comedian, in a certain line, Mk. Ilackett's tragic efforts mere not equal in execution to his own conception of the characters. So he proceeds to say, that " without vexation .or regret,": he struck Hamlet and King Lear from his repertoire, and thereafter studied and produced Sir Pertinax, Mac Sycophant, in Macklin's "Man of the World," and also O'Callaghan, in Bernard's" farce of "His Last Legs." Mr. Hackett addS, with cha racteristic modesty, "in both which parts I have Leen a favorite with, every pullik in either hemisphere." .To managers who study stage-effect, we recommend (pp. 79-80), Mr. Hackett's very clear account of the manner in which, at his suggestion, the appearance of the Ghost in "Hamlet" was made to seem almost superna tural at the Park Theatre, in 1840. It realized the fine idea suggested in Goiithe's "Wilhelm: Meister." To actors, we.tymilttree.ammend a notice of the fact that ".persetiote'! should: be their motto. Mr. Hackett stator; (p. 81,) that his first iepresentation. of:the Ikilstall of "Henry IV." attracted - ' only it -moderate audience, not equal to the Manager's ex penses, whilst his local characters, for which he was then and only famed, pro duced more than double• to the theatre's treasury. The press spoke coldly of him, condemning not only his acting, but, his 'readings of the text, and denying hint "both the mind to grasp and the physjcal elements (for training) to represent the character of Pasta, respectably." He per severed, and soon wrought up the persona tion to an excellence now without rivalry, PHILADELPHIA. WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 25. 1863. The late William Dowtou will: be reniem. , bered as Hackett's equal in Falstaff, but: no other actor, : not even Burton, has playeft the part even half as well as 'Hackett. Mr; Hackett thinks that had he persevered, lie could finally have wrought up his Hamad : to equal success. We doubt it—for Mr: Hackett's forte is not in tragedy. In Mr. Hackett's ""Notes uppn Lear," he comments, under date of Deceni- - : ber, 1840, upon Mr. Forrest's performance of the character. He has Made a double error here. First, it is ungracious for . an actor, still on the stage, to play ) the critic upon another actor, also yet before:the pub, lic, Who has succeeded Niliere himself has failed. Secondly, :to judge of Forrest by the minter in which he played any Charac-i ter twenty-two' years ago is unfair, simply because Forrest is a progressive actor, con stantly showing modification of Style, the: results of reading and thought. One might as well take the miserable " Hours of Idle ness" as the • standard of Lord Byron's poetic merit, While the Fourth Canto Of " Childe Harold" and the multicolored "Don Juan'' attested the greatness of his genius. If Mr, Hackett felt bound to be critical on Mr. Forrest's Lear, be should, justice, have spoken of his rendition of that character in 1802, and not as it was in 1840. There is much truth, we admit; in his de scription (p. 97) of Mr. Forrest's counte nance, as made up for Lear. Writing un der date October, 1960, Mr. Hackett says : "I saw Mr. Forrest again in this character at Niblo's Theatre. I noticed no material difference except that he was, in his physi cal efforts, comparatively a little less vi gorous." Mr. Hackett's observation, so keen in condemnation, must have indulged in a nap at Niblo's. On the other hand, kr. Hackett seems to prefer Macready's Lear—he says it " was in conception iery generally in accordance with my own, and his performance scholarly and highly ar tistic." The part of the book which treats of "ac tors of Hamlet" is the best. • Mr. Hackett notices the personatious by Thomas A. Cooper, James W. Wallaek. (the. eldpr), winiam Auffust4 Thiun i 6 riCllllllllll MI 10111111, W. C.. Iffnoreitcly,. (described as II by re,i , the most intellectual and generally effective ac tor of the time"); Charles B', Booth, John Vandenhofc Charles- John Kean, George Vandenlioff r and. EdwinFbr rest. He does not-like Mr. Forrest's-Ham let, but ranks his Othello, as arwhole, ex cepting the late Edmund lrean'S,. as; "'the best I have ever seen in either hemisphere." His last act he particularly admires. Mr. Hackett seems to think Kean's Hamlet the best he had ever seen. He says that after By_ ron left England, and reached Kean a snuff-box, with some lines: Byron. reached Italy in 1810 ; and; .as b£r.. Hackett will find in chapter 22 of Moore'S Life of By ron, the snuff-box was presented,. in- 1814, " on seeing him act. some of his favorite • parts." The stupid,. high-sounding. lines. printed by Mr. Hackett, . (p.. 1,). as • By ron's, assuredly are notthis. The " Correspondence upon Shakspearian. Subjects," occupying 120 pageay contains the Adams and Hackett. letters already men tioned, and the complimentary epistles re lating to them which.. Mr.... Hackett drew forth; some further Shakspearlan criticisms by Mr. Adams, happily more- sensible than MIMIC j NEI Acii4qWo ovit ftwillyt notts. upon irprplimerl Gllllloll Iff tilllthilot,l 1 (the feeblest and most purposeless edition. of that noble drama,).and notices of ShakT spearian verbal -niceties ; also two letters to . a New York paper, in which. - Mr. Hackett claims that Shakspearen,nticipated Harvey-in a 'knowledge of the...ciremistion of the blood; - taeifiedical points. of whkh were given by- Dr. Bucknni, of London_- • : Under the head." lagos.',' Mr. Haeltett.in,, flirts upon his readers.a,n.ewspaper critiqvs upon his own attempt, in 1828, to perform, Ingo--the writer being.the late John Limn, . of New York; and: the, estimate of lago's character very good—with notes . by Mr. Hackett himself, and a. ehatty postscriPt *om the same pen. • Upon Falstaff cot the "First Pest of Henry IV.") we expected a critical disser tation by Mr. Hackett, who has mule that part his own. Instead, he gives running . commentaries on. criticisms in The. noticing his performance. More than this was certainly expected. Following this, also with• notes .by Mr.. Hackett, is a, biography of himself, from. TVilkee Spirit, of the Times,so eulogistic that we wonder Ism Mr. Hackett ever could. have condescended to incorporate it in, in , B, laiicisvcs right to a clorsaantlrist.Doer. age—which, however, even if unopposed, it . . would take much' money to. regain, aide even them without the es.tates, • detained by the righad owner, the tide would be a bar ren honor. Mr. Hackett should not have adopted such nonsense as this.... He ends. with a , further notice of the - chnrac ter of Falsta f f, and praises . Maurice Morgan's criticism on Falstaff, published some eighty years ago. Though a Slinks pearian scholar and actor, Mr. Hackett evi dently is ignorant of a book published in. England and republished in this country within his own time. In the late Dr. Ma ginn's " Shakspeare Papers," will be found the ablest analysis of the character of Fal staff ever written z a criticism, clear and subtle, upon lag° : and a view of Polostius, which throws a light upon Hamlet. Up'on -this last, perhaps Shakspeare's finest crea tion, Maginn did not write, saying, " lam afraid of him." So was not Davies, the dull biographer of Garrick, whose heavy comments upon Ilamict find favor in Mr. Hackett's eyes. ;When he next writes upon Shakspeare; let him study. Maginn, and read Professor WilsOn's criticisms in the " Dies Bore:des," Albo l Vt. llol 4oATECintirnt to tnitILOG 011(i lot film rnmombrn Um. Myini, line surpassed both as a Shakspearian critic. Mr. Hackett's book on Shakspeare is a thing of shreds and patches. It is badly, because confusedly arranged, and many really valuable speculations are almost lost, because they are badly placed. The great fault is the prevailing egotism which faces us on almost every page, and the " dam ning with faint praise," (aye, and with de cided dispraise,) of a sotemporary, Mr. Forrest. It is obvious that Mr. Hackett is a much better actor than author. The appropriate frontispiece to this volume is a portrait of mr. Sackett engraved on steel. It is an excellent likeness, full of character, and exhibiting intelligence and shrewdness. Mr. Hackett is so well known, and so widely respected and admired as a gentleman and artist, that this "counterfeit resemblance" will be generally very accept able to the public. Notes, Criticisms, and Correspondence upon Shakepeare's Plays and Actors. By James Henry Hackett. With portrait of the Author. One vol. 12 mo., pp. 353. New York: Carleton. • phia ; T. 13. Peterson & Brothers. t Horace Smith shows, in his letter, (p. 209) a cu rious ignorance . of Shakspearian criticism, for he credits Schlegel with "the image, referring to Ham let, of the delicate vase being shattered by the ex pansion of the plant committed to it." It was 0 oilthe who produced that image: " Here is an Rak tree planted in a China vase, proper only to receive the most delicate flower. he roots strike out and the vessel flies to pieces." COLONEL W. B. • SIPES.—We learn that this officer has been ordered to his regiment, the 7th Pennsylvania Cavalry, now at Murfreesboro Tenn. The announcement, we are sure, will be received by our citizens with regret. Colonel Sipes has filled the position of military commandant of Covington and Newport since September last. He came among us an entire stranger, but the faithful and impartial manner in which he has discharged his duties, and the gentlemanly deportment which has charao• terized his intercourse with the people of both cities, has won for him a host of friends, who will be very reluctant to part with him. Colonel Sipes learns on Monday next he will Do succeeded by Colonel T. A. Lucy.—Cfncinnali Times, Feb. 18111. SCHOOL LANDS FOR RANSAS.--Eight.fitlo died thousand Ames of school lauds have heeu se keted by the State of lianans, !yid have bten np ;proved by the General GOVetllnteDt, OUR MUNICIPAL TELEGRAPH THE PHILADELPHIA POLICE AND FIRE- ALARM TELEGRAPH History and Descriptions of the Lines, In. struments, &c.—Statistics of the Work Done since the Establishment of the Enterprise—The Officers and Operators—Dow the Public Welfare is ' Subserred, &c., &c., &C. HISTORICAL SILETCI-1 The question relative to the establishment Of a local telegraph in this city was first raised about the time the act of consolidation went into operation. It immediately attracted attention, and led to con ' siderable comment and discussion. In a short time many of our citizens became impressed with - the necessity and importance of the project, and deter mined upon its consummation. To that end; they strove sedulously to enlist the active co-operation of the community in the enterprise, by the publication of such facts and arguments as tended in any Way to prove its claims to public interest and support. .In this they were ably seconded by the proprietors and others in control of the newspaper press of the day. These gentlemen not only gave space freely in their respective journals for articles favoring the measure, but they also individually endorsed it, and earnestly advocated Its immediate. adoption. They likewise inserted authenticated statements of the ; operations of similar improvements in other.cities,• , showing their practical advantages and complete success. The aid thus generously extended was , indeed most valuable, and was gratefully appre ciated. . In brief, these exertions were perseveringly con. tinned, and were so far successful, that at length all - direct opposition was silenced, and the matter, sus tained by popular approval, found its way into Councils. This was in the year 1851. The sessions of Councils were then held in Spring Garden Ball 115r. Wm. Moran, a member of the common branch, .7a13 the first to introduce the subject formally to the attention of his colleagues. On the twentieth of July, he presented a communication from certain parties, relative to n combined police and fire tele graph, Which was, on motion, referred to an appro priate committee forinvestigation. Nothing came of this, however, nor was anything definite accom plished till the third of April following, when a bill authorizing the construction of a telegraph similar to the one referred to, passed finally in both Cham bers, and in due time received the signature of the Illayor and became a law. The work was soon afterwards commenced, and was thenceforth pushed as rapidly as possible to completion. Early in April 1856, the line was finished and the department or ganized, and on the nineteenth day of the same month, the focal telegraph of this city was first used for the regular transmission of messages. From that time to the present, it.bzuz been in constant 111 , 421neee,ertil-effielerley- r -oe Hint from mere ex periment in many respebta;ifhas gradually grown. info an impoYtant iublic 'institution, comparing favorablywithiiny otherphither in point of economy, utility, or generiil-40eitience. This result, so gratifying in . iteelfrifrid so surprising when all the circumstances of the case are considered, proves conclusively the intrinsinvalue•of the system. No better evidence to that effect could be desired, nor could anything have occurred*more in consonance _with the hopes andWiShes of those to whose labors allUsion has Been made. It is at once their recom pense and their vindication. From the fact that most or our readers are, to some extent, familiar with the advantages derived' from the local telegraph, it its not necessary to do more than notice them in general terms. The most prominent as well as the moat important of the list are undeniably those whith it afibrde for the•trans• action of much of the public business, and for the , prompt extinguishment of fires. The .services it thus renders can hardly be overrated: Such- in— deed istheir undoubted value, that• In the absence of alt others, they would be amply suit:Went tore, pay the cost of its construction and' maintenance. Fortunately however, the sphere of its usefulness Is In no respect circumscribed, as thefollOWi3glTlM* extended enumeration of its operations- clearly ex hibits. It aids in maintaining the public- peace- in the prevention of crime, and' in the arreet . of crimi nab. It recovers stolen property ; restores- estrays to anxious owners ;-lost children and missing pet• eons to patents4ind , friends ; transmits• intelligence of casualties, &c., from every part of our vast city, ARC In Ii thmserail wart 61%6i...i1.& 1111101! IIimIGIBIISB.IIIIIIIIRMInzu, 1;4 ;.1.1. it.tirere. Regarded as a Bri— ton, its chief merit- lies in the fact that these bane -Ma accrue freely to all classes. of the -communith without respect to sect, color, or condition. Hence, It iLeinphatically, .an institution for- the people f ., and as such, htia.always received their. warmest en-. couragement and support. Viewing-It in this we propose giving to some extent an insight into its. workings. Poe that purpose the .subjoined deecrip• tion of Varionsmatters and things connected with. the 'department, and essential tothe administration of its -altairs, hes-been prepared. It Is. believed- to be entirely accurate, and Is. submitted in the- hope • that it will wove interesting : and: acceptable to • the. reader. For a denaription of the instrumento, and. the• pe— culler modes:of .their operatieo f we cannot do better than to quote from a lecture delivered inlltlayoB,s6, before tha.Franklin Institute, by Dr. Lawrence Turnb.ull, a gentleman who bee devoted much time and study. to tha ecience ofi electricity. Attest. exhi biting one of:the signal banes, he made the. follow ing remarks : "The Ihlladelphia.Police and Fire Alzem Tele graph ie now. complete, and in working oisler. But few telegraph lines. of equal extent in. the United States have cost so small a sum, and are so well. built. Its utilLly in case of n conflagra tion, hits already been tested with, the most gratifying results, also its usefulness, in. restoring lost. children and prcperty. In case of riot, the po- ling can be concentrated and brought to the scene of strife, thus nipping:Win the bud. An. the telegraph has become a matter-of general late/Tat to the putt - - .111. Auk MAW& 111 Ala tel 1k). -; tuts en inn of.. the.nature of lie 6.4.1-mtion. IS The Pollee and Plre Alarm Makaroph are, while combined, yet distinct, each being complete in itself. "The police telegraph,' consists of three distinct circuits or lines of wires, dividing the city, for po lice purposes, into three secniona, all the stollens in each section or circuit being connected with each other as well as with the central office. "The instruments used are very simple, and within the capacity of almost any one who ran read and write, yet fully adequate for the tramosaision of any business which may be required of them. Each police office or station is provided with a magnet and alarm bell—by which they are called—and also the telegraph instrument, which has a dial, on which are marked the letters of the alphabet, and the numerals from to 0. In the centre of the dial is a hand or pointer, like that on the dial of a clock, which hand is thrown forward ono letter each time the circuit is broken. This is dose by means of a single key, which on being pressed down, breaks the connection between the .wires, and on being re leased springs up again, always insuring a closed circuit when not in actual use ; thus guarding against negligence. Suppoee the word (cent) is to be written, the operator writing strikes his key rapidly, thus repeatedly opening and closing the circuit until the indicator or hand has been thrown forward ,to the letter or figure he wishes to designate, in this case the letter 0, then pause an instant; this has thrown the hand on the dials (his own as well as the re• ceiving offices) forward, thus: A. n C ; he then goes On two strokes, and a pause, n E; again nine strokes, 's our, Ex.mN;oronsT. Again 7 strokes, u 'vwxrz The "capitals tlig Yff!” - 144 . 73 vip . ix; tlj 'FA'? pinch 11 lingo hilts tion or the ordinary set plumes in tlnily use arc arranged lo be given by a combination of numerals. Thus, 328, Who is in charge of the station-house?' Reply, 333, 'The lieutenant is in charge ;' or, 362, The first sergeant.' "Again, 976, ' Are there any indications of riot in your district?' To which is replied 4, 'yes,' or '7, 'No.' These can be given by the bell, or by the figural; on the dial ; thus expediting the operations very much in the every day business of the tele , graph. The wires of the Fire Alarm Tele graph are, as: we said, distinct from tho Police, and form a sort of net-work over the built-up por tion of the city; with signal boxes or stations at points convenient of access, which boxes contain an apparatus so simply arranged that an alarm can be given by any one who can reach the box ; the only operation consisting in moving a small lever, which extends through the inner case, from top to bottom, ihroligh an opening in the case its entire height. The person who has thus moved it lets go of it. He has by this movement wound up a spring, and at the seine time set in motion a train of clock work, which carries the apparatus necessary to com municate the alarm to the central office (State House.) " Each box In the city is numbered, and in run ning down after being set in motion as described, strikes on a small bell at the central office its own number, and at the same time records it on a slip of paper, connected with an improved Morse instru ment peculiarly adapted to this purpose. The alarm thus received is at once communicated to the State House steeple, and to all the station-houses, and at the same time the number of the box giving the slam is struck one small bell which is contained in each of the boxes. "Thus, a person in Richmond Is desirous of know• ing the precise locality of a fire. "Vhen the State House bell is striking the die•. trict he goes to the box nearest him, and hears four strokes on the bell, and a pause followed by a single stroke, meaning 41. Ao then ascertains that the fire is in the vicinity of Third and Market streets (40 being the number of the box at that corner). "A speaking tube connects the Mayor's office with the central telegraph office, to be used in send ing orders to the different station-houses, receiving answers, and other police communications; and a similar one is put up between the central office and the bell-ringer's apartment in the State House Steeple, so as to give intelligence of fires the instant it is received from any portion of the • The police instruments referred to in the above description are no longer - used. They suited very In ,this country the two cities of New York and Beaton: A Patine telegraph hal been la operation in the A.rmer, tirla tatellrgrt. Vst the lzttof GtitT (or sarise well in the infancy of the department, but the in of business grad: sally compelled their disuse, as being entirely too' cuLubrous and slow. Others, of improved construction, have been substituted, which answer the purpose much better, and work with far greater rapidity. The latter are called key-instruments, and have exactly the same kind of dials and. hands as the former, but in all other re spects there is a wide difference be ireen them. This name is applied to them because they are each ope rated with thirty-two keys : one for every letter in the alphabet and the character 4, &,,a one for the word five," two to designate letters and numerals, and two to mark the terminations of word's: These are arranged around the outer circumference'of the' dial in such a manner as to be immediately be. yond, but corresponding with, the circle of letters; Etc. The band or pointer is attached to a journs: passing* through the centre of the dial, and projects' just far enough forward to form The radius of thin* circle. When in motion It revolvest quickly, but is stopped anddenly on the letters composing a word by simply pressing upon the keys opposite them The motion itself is caused by the'acttore of a heavy weight upon a aeries of cogwheels inside Vim instru ment, and is imparted and terminated at the pleasure of the operator, by means of two leversatrached to the sides. These instruments arevery complete in every respect and present quite a. neat and tatty ap pearance, as also do all others in ase:itv the depart ment. [ln tamorrowi'sEsS we shall Ilave'somethii , 4 to say of the officers, operators, stationsi.niessages . , in a second article upon thisnubJect] ST/TES IN REBELLEM The Expected Fights at Charleston' and Savannah-Charleston being Farther Fortified—The Invasion of Texas-Resig nation of General Smit - A , —Ribel•Reports from Rosecrans and Ilookler—hilseelianee one News. CHARLESTON BEING FURThieft : FORTI FIED. (From the Richmond Enquirer, Feb. 20.) Through the favor of Major Hugh W . : Fry, Jr., we have been furnished with copies - of the Charleston% papers of Wednesday last, from which we gain the following particulars of affairs in and about Charles ton. General Beauregard has issued an order calling upon the planters of that State to furnish' with the utmost despatch three thousand able.bodied laborers with spades and shovels. THE CHARLESTONIANS READY TO FIGHT FIERCELY. [From the Charleston Mercury. Feb. IS) We have serious work before us. The enemy's assault, so long deferred, will, for that reason, be the more formidable. Every agency that human power and ingenuity, urged on by devilish hate, tan • command, will be used to capture or destroy the " hot-bed of the rebellion." The blow that is about to fall may be the last we shall receive in the straggle for our independence, but it will be dealt with the strength of despair. The foe comes with the avowed purpose to sack our homes, and plough our streets with his round shot ; and should his • Inn GOO to eat Wfi Fcare re.ar 1. 49 9111911 L inn DRIVE 1101difffa who =alto the fortilloationa, which belt tlic old city OD every side, are eager to meet their expected as sailants, and test the value of the defences which have cost so many months of patient toil. Our matchless little naval squadron will have the long. desired opportunity to encounter the Yankee iron clads and, come what may, we have the cheering assurance from our general that the city shall be held.' Let each man do his duty in the approaching hour of our trial, and Charleston, which opened this bloody struggle, will finish it in a second triumph. WHERE THE REBELS EXPECT TO FIGHT. [From the Richmond Extuniner, Feb. 19.3 The enemy threatens attack on three points— Vicksburg, 'Tullahoma, and Charleston. The first is not now in danger. The preparations at Vicks burg are thought ample, the position is one of the strongest, and probably it will not be attacked until the fats of the armies in Tennessee is decided. If Roseerans can beat us in Tennessee his army will sweep down the Mississippi and take 'Vicksburg in the ream A great battle will be 'Alertly fought in Tennessee, which will do mush to decide the war in the West. But at the present moment the whole of that important scene is forgotten in the absorbing interest felt in the more immediate menace of Charleston and Savannah. The hour is struck, the day is come when the destiny of those famous cities of the South is to be forever decided. The maga zines, the arsenals, and workshops of a chief among maritime and industriat nations have for a year been taxed in their uttermost resource, to prepare the most perfect and gigantic engines of destruction that over burdened the waters of the Atlantic. The vast armada has been collected with the deliberation of absolute security in the capacious harbor of Port Royal. A land force—we know not how large, but probably comprising the most effective portions of the army lately under Burnside—has gone to co operate in the supreme eftbrt to take and hang those two Mordents that sit at the gates of the ocean, and offend the Hamann of New York and Boston. Against the city of Charleston the entire Northern people entertain a sentiment of F ermat irtirfq, lTf ITAitt RIFIL MUM Ittlgh- trll- . .." - -L1,111., tltumphnntr Den befall! the Welrbh gun it was the recognized capital and centre of re. sintance to. Northern influence, insolence, and en croachment. It defied the armed power of the 'United States long before Sumpter was bombarded. If:it is in the force of cannon or ships to batter down Charleston, we maybe well assured that not one atone withehortly rest on another. The destruction of that city would cause a burst of malignant jey throughout the Northern States which no words are adequate to express or describe. But that this' odious gratifination is within their reach, we cannot at present believe. From the beginning, the Government has been. fully aware of the inten tions of: the enemy in thin matter. It has for two years employed its ableat generals in preparing the means of resistance. Lee and Beauregard are oon sidered the most competent engineer and artillery officers on the American continent. They have both done for Charleston alt that their science and genius could suggest. The city may now with reason be considered impregnable. If the Northern armada attacks as General Beau regard apprehends, it will probably be repulsed with great toes of men and ships, alter an expenditure of shot and powder which will place the affair in the same chapter of history with the bombardments of Gibraltar and Sebastopol. It is generally sueposed that the Northern fleet wilts/eon from Charleston and throw all its power on Savannah. As it is a place of much inferior im portance to the Confederacy, in every point of view, it is believed to bemuch less strongly fortified. The Yankee gunboats have already tried it, and their commanders fancy that they are equal to the task of its reduction. it they succeed in doing so the North will conceal Mortification for the, fiasco of Chariest - on Iry forced exultation over a barren victory. Let us hope that the labor and time of preparation which has been more than all that the friends of either city could desire, will now bring forth the fruits of a . glorious and-successful defence. ADVANCE OF GEN. ROSECRANS' ARMY. MllllllO 111C11111011d Entail r: Yak 2111 - 19111911 HMG 111 till 1111YR111111 or thn TIIIIIIIIII papo* mooch: ICALICAUCCI ValaricMilig wee based im 111 fnesda S is the front, Thorn were also artillery reports from the direction of Beech Grove, where General Buford, with his brigade of Ken tucky cavalry, is stationed to ward off the blows that might descend in that direction. Gen. Forrest has crossed Duck river north of Columbia, with a force of cavalry and a battery of artillery. GEN. "HOOKliat'S ARMY" REPORTED AT FORTRESS hIONROE. [From the Richmond Examiner, Feb. 20.1 ' Information, deemed authentic, has been received in °Side circles that the greeter part of Hooker's army are now at Fortress Monroe, Newport News, and Suffolk. They are much demoralized, and it is believed were moved 'from the Rappahannock be cause of the numerous desertions that were daily occurring, and which threatened to break up the or ganization of the army. The number that has been sent to Szdfolk are estimated at tmenfygleethousand. The occupation of Newport Newa, it is thought, is in tended to be of long duration, as the troops have been set about the construction of cabins, ovens, Sec. INVASION OF TEXAS. (From the Brownsville (Texas) Flag, Feb. 2.) An invasion of our soil has been successfully at tempted by Mexican banditti. Duringthe latter part of December several bands crossed over and com mitted various depredations. A party crossed over from Guerrero on the 29th of November, and stole forty horses and fifty cattle in 'Zapata county. They were subsequently arrested by the Governor of Tamaulipas, but escaped. About the middle of December a train of supplies for Ringgold barracks was attacked at Soledad Rancho. The party was surprised, and made but little resistance. They were killed and the train robbed. About the same time Capt. Benevida's company was attacked in Zapata county, and all their homes stampeded. Another party of 200 captured and hung leader Vella, chlef.justice of Zapata county. it 14 VIII II3IS tC 4 IMIitem tilre pu l lttn Civa tin.. purp ino at ¢ltialsil6 e MOAN/ MI blit'iliedh }liken miler Ike knowled g e and opium:al of the Blexlesui authorities. Pith AM munl tion for these raids was procured at Matamoros. The banditti, at last accounts, were still on the Texas aide of the river, and, it is said, some of them are under the United Ntates flag. Prompt measures have been taken to disperse and punish the robbers. A portion of the stolen property had been discovered at Soledad, and summary vengeance visited upon those in whose hands it was found. REPORTED DEFEAT OF THE UNIONISTS AT WILLIAMSBURG. [From the Petersburg Express, February 19.3 The following is this official report of the succese ful skirmish on the 7th, near Williamsburg in which the Yankees were chased into that city, with a loss of forty-five killed, wounded, and prisoners. Adju tant Hume, in his official report, says : In conformity to your request, I give you a brief account of the fight at Olive Branch Church, on the 7th inst., between the forces—one hundred cavalry and one hundred and fifty infantry—of this post, commanded by Colonel W. B. Tabb, and a detach ment of the enemy's cavalry, numbering one hundred men. Early on the morning of the 7th our whole force moved down the telegraph road towards Wil liamsburg. About 4 o'clock in the evening we reached e Branch Church, where a halt was celled, and the cavalry of the Holcombe L%ion, commanded by Captain Frost, and this battalion, commanded by Captain Hamlett, were ordered to picket their horses, and await further orders. In obedience to this rder, several of the men had dis mounted, when the command to " mount " was passed rapidly down the line, and the squadron formed to meet the approaching danger. The in fantry took position on our left, and, as our pickets rushed at full speed, fired upon the pursuintilumn of the unsuspecting enemy. The enemy ered, wheeled, and fled in rapid retreat towards W lams burg. 'Now the Holcombe Legion and the 32d Bat talion, with loud yells, rushed after the discomfited foe, shooting and sabreing at every stride. The re treat of the enemy soon changed into a wild, fright ened gallop for life, the pursuit on our part degene rating into a disorderly rush of men against men, the fl eetest horses taking the lead, and the foremost troopers doing all the fighting. . The fruits yielded by our victory were as follows : Seven men killed, two wounded, thirty-six captured, and a like number of splendid horses. One com missioned officer, a lieutenant, was among the slain. We lost neither man nor horse. Wa y G:Em HOLMES FATLED TO RETN FORCE VICKSBURG. A correspondent of the Mobile Register alleges that Gen. Holmes was ordered near three months ago to. detach 10,000 men of his command to proceed in the direction of Vicksburg, to aid in the defence of that place either by garrisoning the adjacent works or by occupying Madison Parish, Louisiana. General Holmes trilled to comply, and interposed objeotions until peremptorily ordered to obey. Finally, about the middle of December, he gave the route to alcCulloch's division, but through po litical influence at Richmond he managed to have the whole matter left to his own discretion, and therefore countermanded the march of that division almost as soon as the first brigade had taken up the line of march. Thus it happened that the Yankee raid upon the Vicksburg and Shreveport railroad Mend t hat great artery of communication wholly un defended—G en. Blanchard's troops having been sent to New Iberia to protect the salt mines, In the ex- THREE CENTS. pectation that the force to have been 4.tathed by Oen. Holmes would have supplied their place in good time—and thue it is that railroad brldget, which it will require months to repair, have been deatroy ed by a handful of the enemy, and irreparable d mage done to the came. PRISONERS. (From the Richmond Dispatch, Feb. 19.3 ESOArn of Pnisortuna.—The following prisoners, confined in the city jail, dug out of their cells about one o'clock on Tuesday, and traversing the old causeway or gutter unaer the edifice, made their way to the rear of the building and escaped through the coal.hole Of the workhouse department—the members of Meaty Battalion appointed to watch them haling retired under a shed, out of sight, to avoid the rain, Which was falling at the time—viz.: George Yr...Elam, charged with foreing_and naming Confederate States 'Treasury notes; William Behr, charged with stealing a $.25' oVezeose belonging to la. P.. HolVard, in company with . Solin T. Smith; Albert hlaniihig, a swindling substitute agent ; James McQuade ; charged ' with the larceny or money from Rohrt Lurbpkini. and Samuel Blake, charged with stealing iff2o&worth of slotbing' belong ing to Wrn. M. Bhitchford, captain of engincerson General Jackson's staff. When. the guard hap. pened to look out oiftheir coVertthey espied aereral other felons ready tcrfollow the example of their hvanting camrades, antrstopped them. Theguanar who permitted the prisoners to escape were put in confinement for trial by court martial: YANXEE , PRISONERS.. Two Abolition prisoners *ere brought bolhe'Lib , by prison yesterday, vlz',Yatnea . Watts, Company Ist Michiganicaptured Breatorille, Fa:, Feb: 14; aril Thos. Murray, Company al; tat New York ; captured at Woodstock San: AltßkSTEry FOR 35ISLOYAITAY: Captain Wright, of the' detective' force, yesterday' arrested a man named. John . Shanks; formerly of Norfolk, on the charge of dtaloyalty. Shanks; who; until Very recently, War in Norfolk,.by some • prOz cess unknoWn to the authorities; made 'his way into' Richmond. it 1% alleged that , during his - stay in Norfolk, he employed himself in selling sWealled' Union badges td negroes• belonging to citizens' re siding in the Congressional district ofwhich Norfolk forms a part. (3 eneral Winder ordered hinito Cattle Thunder to answer the charge. RESIOAATIOIi OF Vitt G I ENtitAX, G. NV. snntrEc [From the Richmond Dispatch, 8eb.19.] Major General near-lie W. Smith " ; of' the ' Con federate States Army, having tendered , hie resigna tion to the President, it, Was yesterday accepted. His stall; composed of officers' from various States; have started to their erstral 'destinations. • nuBoßLlM.DrEtrus. CFromlliathand papers. February 20.1 The rebels estimate their' low at FOrttionelimitni killed, wounded, and missing, at:ninety-eight men; They claim to have eaptined sone, Winner: destroyed one transport, and paroled eighty prisoners. Their forces consisted o'f Generbl . .Forrest's and General' NVlarton's admit . . . General G. Smith' irsaid tOhltve resigned •hie corn - mission in the rebel service.. Cause, offence at his recall from the command ix North' Carolina,' and the appointment of Genera! Prebh.liin MB - place: GoTernor Letchet has ordereS the confinement to hard labor in the 'Richmondpenitentiary of Captain W. Damron, captured in Kentutky, and another Federal officer, in retaliation, as he says, for "the officerstwo in the Washington penitentiary by President Lincoln." Niles Belle Boyd Was serenaded in'iniogrille, Ten nessee, a few evenings ago. In 'response to . calls tha small atio mama nt tit/ APlllatto "U ill Mtn annum JfitIMIL9II. I Mill wn, but t make 6 Pel9PCgr . VA • riaTe my Leartrelt-tirkeir.l ter the compiltimest” THE SOUTH-SIDE VIEW; Doubts 'and Fears—Rumors and Repdfrta— lltartest of the Vlntirllvind. [From the Richmond Enirer, Feb. Id 3 14, here! and lo; there! French mediatiOn—s . Northwestern confederacy—and peace' in thirty days ! This is still the cry. A rumor frOm Halifax, and A " distinguished citizen" of Some Northwestern State are responsible this time, and crowds of eager men have been swallowing and digesting the won drous intelligence for two days, filling their bellies with the east wind. _ . The effbet thatmny be produced upon . ouranny by these rumors is seriously to be apprehended. • Our . soldiers may think their work is done, and they might as well be at home with their familia. One might even suspect our enemies of . promYtlgating such stories for the purpose . of lulling to sleep the Con federate Government and people, and demoralizing the Confederate troops at the very moment whenthe most desperate, combined • effort - Of all the. war' is about to be made for our utter conquest. Supposing it to be all true, let us see what it amounts to. The thing which we have demanded of foreign na tions, and which we have a right to demand, is the recognition of our existence as an independent Power. If France be, - indeed, friendly to us, this is the first thing she has to do. The Emperor cannot "mediate" without this. Without • this, he cannot address himself to us at all ; for he does not know us. If it be even true that he now proposes to the United States—the only Power he recognizes on this continent—to make an armistice, or cessation of hostilities for a given time by sea and land, his pro posal is addressed solely to the United States, and we have no concern with it. We are ready, and have always been ready, at all times and at any time, to make, not only an armistice, but a peace, if the 41VV_A ted Milill Stat es;team Government i from whatimeyet tendrate iitctr troops we want no medi%tica Nem France, but ground ATM the IMMO day. Nobody believes that - they will do this. But suppose they should yield to this supposed counsel of the Emperor, and propose an armistice for six months, on the terms that they are in the meantime to occupy the ground now within their - lines upon our soil = covering_ the greater part of ' Tennessee, covering a part of Virginia, beleaguering •Nicksburg, crushing Louisiana, garrisoning Pensa cola and lying in ambush in Fort Pulaski and Fort resallionroe—then would arise the question, what should we gain by this? It is not intended here to . prejudge that question; its decision will rest with the proper authorities; but it is as well to under stand that if there is to be any armistice at all, this latter is the sort of one our Government will have to accept. They will save to consider how our army is to be kept together and paid during six months of inaction, while the enemy's flag flies over our coun try and his guns are pointed up all our rivers. At the moment when we have every reason to believe that the invading Yankee States are becoming ex - hausted, divided, haunted by the terror of imminent anarchy, disruption and bankruptcy, shall we give them six months' breathing time to rest on their present bases of operation, and to gather their strength for a new campaign ' ? Time, it may be said, is a gain to us. Yes, so long as the enemy carries on the war and makes no progress in proportion to hie efforts. Every day lost by an invading army in fruitless marches and baffled assaults is a day gained for us, who are on the defensive. But, during the proposed six months of inaction, it is to be feared that they would gain more than we should. Ken. tucky, Missouri, Maryland, and parts of Virginia, • Tennessee, Mississippi, and Louisiana would be wholly within their power; and corruption, intrigue, and violence would have full scope to work. Time would be running against ua—not against our foes. However, it may be suggested that France may mean something more than a mere armistice- for negotiation ; that she has some specific, basis of settlement to propose, and to urge upon 'both ellgoranta. It in 114411115, Art arr.:, Otilflllll 111 101 MINIMUM I . 93 ... or our inelicrideagg qg yoo %mg of tin s up certain portions of the *totes forming the Confederacy, and making some kind of engagement concerning our domestic institutions, which might conciliate the canting and snivelling public opinion of Itkirope. Neither one nor the other of these things has our Government a right to do. No pro posal 'of such a kind ham it the right to entertain. The negotiation would necessarily break down, and at the end of six months fighting would begin again, lithe Yankees still had stomach for it. Our army, we belieVe,-would rather Make one job of it. ' If it were possible, indeed, to believe that the French Emperor meant in this case to propose the application of his own leading political principle by which he stands and reigns—that every community has a right to choose its own Government; and jibe should, upon that principle, propose as the basis of a settlement that the Border States should be al lowed to vote by universal suffrage, each for itself, and freed from thepresence of troops front any other State, whether it shall adhere to the Confederacy or to the United'States; and if—w when the Wash ington Government should have refused the terms— he should be prepared to recognize the Confederacy, and sweep away. the blockade, then we should in deed attach some. mportance to the rumored me diation. Soon we.shall know what it all signifies. In the meantime, all the past warrants us to repose full confidence in our President. If he is well as sured that he has a people around him united in support of the Government, and an army ready to do and dare all as. heretofore, then, whatever shape the proposed mediation.may take, it will be treated on its own merits, and responded to as the honor of our country may require. Now, as to the , 'distinguished citizen" and hie Northwestern canard—one is tempted to wish that all the reliable gentlemen and intelligent ladies were in Castle Thunder. No more impudent nonsense has yet appeared.than that which they have sent us from Mobile this time. We all know, indeed, and are happy to know, that some of the Northwestern States are very sick, of this war, heartily disaffected to the Washington Government, strongly disposed tn lathe Ilollt. thop to.sts.sult r.n:l fl fthllltll tn• oven UlllOll, WIM The (101110110BOV. : l• Title is UAW Oi log, and must produce. its Emits of disinze t pig f lUn t hhd discouragement in the Northwestern troops. But let us not mistake the matter. Not one of those ! States has yet pronounced itself in this sense, i though some stump orators have.. When they do. take such action—that is, when their Legislatures and Governors accredit commissioners to Richmond. for any such purpose, no doubt they will bereceived and answered according to the nature of their pro posal. We prestune they will be told that the first thing they have to do is to call back their forces to. their own Country, that then we will be willing to make treaties. with • them, but that as to.an-union with the Confederacy, under the "old llag," . or any other, they come two years too late. Two years and an abyss of horror and hatred, and the blood of our slaughtered brothers: crying. aloud from. the ground, all prohibit that impious union. If they repudiate the debt they have contracted, and aban don the Government they have established,.and re cant vows, and break pledges, and . eat dirt, it is well; we shall be charmed the movement will suit us perfectly; and .although we shall, not exactly respect the actors in that affair, yet we shall not be unwilling to trade with them—holding,our noses a little—and to show them all suitable Civilities—but at a proper distance. Before those authorized commissioners are de epatched, however, we take the liberty of recom mending to all our generals and military authorities,. that if any distinguished citizens come prowling about our lines, purporting to. be Northwestern commisaioners,they-arrest those persons and send them on to General. Winder. Let them look sharp after reliable gentlemen,.and overhaul intelligent ladies. Otherwise, where. is the use of Castle Thunder? The moral of all this, the lemon we have to learn from all the rumors, both of French mediation and of Northtvestern revolution, is, that now—now more than ever—our army should be kept full, andstrong, and ready. Believe it, soldiers, you, are our only friends. It is on your style of diplomacy we rely. That was a statesmanlike stroke of policy you made at Fredericksburg ;: you wrote an able State paper at Murfreesboro and we defy the world to produce a nobler official ' memorandum than you edited on the hills of Vicksburg. If, makes overtures of friendship; if the great 'Northwest comes Crawling to our feet, it is because you stand there, Confederate soldiers, un der your glorious battle-flag, and defy all the ends of the earth to haul it down. INST./RANCE IN MASSACHUSETTS.—There arc one hundred end five chartered insurance oom panies in Massachusetts, having risks outstanding to the amount of $480,000,000. Their income from premiums during Int wee $6,437,40t, and their loss es paid reached $0,2.89,062. •All but thirty-four of these companies are conducted on the " mutual' , principle ; twelve do marine insurance solely; se venteen take risks in both fire and marine business. OOTTON-PLANTING IN 'WESTERN VlM 'GlNlA.—Coesiderable preparations are making by farmers and others iu the vicinity of Wheeling to test the cotton experiment the corning season. A good deal of seed has been secured for that purpose. ". A HEAVY EATIL.—The shier of the army po lice at Nashville, through his detectives, has ear tamed and turned over to the Government authori ties contraband property to the amount of about $300,000, of which $lO,OOO worth was qtithine. THE WAR PRESS, (PUBLISHED WEEKLY.) Tim Wen Pane will be sent to subscribers by mail (per annum In advance) at 82.00 Five Copies 9.09 Ten •. 17.00 Twenty" • " 32.00 Larger Club, than Twenty win be charted at the MIA PA MAO w. fli HUMII) aere7apaaae e, omd . '""a Di no ITIIICHEI may afford TM little more than the east of the da:Pen 4 Postmasters are requested to act as Agents for TUE WAR PRESS. air To the getter-up of the Club of tan or twenty. as extra copy of the Paper will be given. The Voice of an, Old Democrat. SrWolff OF HON. B. CHAMPNEYS,Meernme or me PEA &SYLVANIA house OF .11EPAESIVNTA- TiTES neon LSICOASTOII COUNTY. &lOW We present the remarks delivered in the House of Representatives a few days since, by the above gentiernan. A joint resolution inatructiag oar Senators in' Cangress to oppose the passage of a law aPpropriating twenty millions of dollars term. penseite the etcetera of emancipated elaece in the State of Missouri., offered some days since by Mr. Kaine, Of layette e being under consideration : Mr. CHAIIPIOfitiI Said : I regret, Mr. Speaker, that some other , gentleman, better able than myself tee discuss this question , has not risen to reldrese the House ; but e o other gentleman taking the from; T am rather compelled he speak on this =eject, whitte I think should not pats without discussion. I have always Been opposed, Mr. Speaker; tie this' sort of legislatite ref ision of the Congress of the I United Slates, eitleot in matters pending there; in' which our own Commonwealth wag interbitted... There is now upon tie trice of this House a' series of resolutions not once di' them breathing any cootie dente in the Gover e ement-not one of them do. nouncleg the rebellion of the South--all of thenr syrepalkibilig with these' who' rere:oppoiring thearne of the Geeernment ; eelelere, sir, I hold that, at this' time, opposition he the Government of Pig , cotietry is aiding relleilibn. Yed know, gr. Speaker; that Three hundred guns were" geed at Charles:du oaring -, to the supposition on therartor thosethere that the' reMlit of certs.l, contests W theNorthwateinaid or their cause. I will not pretend to say that their' judeeleetwas correct ; but if ever therewae ritimee in the, liiirfory of :toy country in whiqh thernshonld be one united heart to mistain thls G averment, it is' at the present moment. No' great work' in the sciences' or in the atos,ni philantlittipy of inpolitice, was everaccomplished except by united and en thusiast/eel:torte of theme Who sought that object. It' was a Wile law of the AtheniAn Republic that com pelled'every citizen, when the country was in danger, to avow ifilreentiments. Melia who remained silent' were pun istied equallywith those who avoered their sentiments against the Goderiinient It wash wise law and one which I think should 'conimend 'itself tb every loyal heart_ Now, .sir, What is the history of this contest -I am" not going to gree it but simply to' glance be it-and : particularly id reference to thisleatery Tie/Ilion? ,Wliy, sir, Pennsylvania is nowrerrogadlng. Twice when. I Was id the Legislature some years ago, I ' Voted in favor of.the abolition of slavery in the District of Colutrabla. In the .ydar' 1870 or 1880;a' proposition in favor of that object Passed the Senate - 4naziimously, atal in this lioude it WM passed with' bet eight dissenting voice!, and the gi?und 'on which Hine eight dlissenting voices wete given was that the resolution was not imperatiVo• upon our Sena tins and Representatives. And, sir; I recoiled . the' admirable and noble preamble of the act of 1780,' drays byone of the most distinguished 'men of 'the ' country,in which' are set forth sentfments of opposi- • tion to the Inetitirtfon of slavery, and in which it is declared that we', having gained our liberties, should ' condiffer it our ffist duty to give freedom to those Who have been scr • much oppressed-to those who • have been separated, parents fromi children, and husbands from wives. That resolution, at the time when 'it was passed, • received universal "cemmendation. 31,5vrwe have gone back time! Why, strethe establish- meat °VW' new - State; Western 'Virginia, in which' slavery hiss' been reptidtated, has been denounced, when ie e fe, err one k t4llll IMO 1111 IQ Of 111111 6111111 ' .....a.-rza at.lrowa .9- 1 " 1:1 tt.: 1 111111-1.•.:•./. 1 .1..... : .,.. 7 - .-1....1 - li,,_. - 4. i . Illatierg ?MOM egg SOIL thileit is . ViSSAitila.rily de preelation In everything. It prevents ' the - emigre- - tion of freemen to"that section. No laboring man. whO'ralues- his pentane] position, desires to make his home in a: community that guidable, the system of slavery. Why; sir ,' look t at South Oarolioa--that little . State which undertook to overlieve the Fede ral Government-ll:State in which thirty thousand planters ruled two hundred thousand non-slevehold ing'whitee with'a rodof iron, no one being entitled to vote; unless he has such an amount Orlin:meaty, •as may give' him' tliwpower to do so. Yet,' sir, the masses of the North 'are told that this institution of slavery' is everythhig. It was De' libites Ribiem which'declared that 'slavery is the corner,stone . of all civilized' society; : that there' is ' nothing to be , compared to it anywhere; that it has made the South moral and• reliMous, while the North has be come fanatical and infidel. And Hammond, who in the Senate of the United States denounced the peo ple of the North *as " mudsile," in a speech which was answered so splendidly by the unfortunate Bro derick, said that the non-siaveholding whites of the South had only enough education and enough pride of spirit to enable them to be ruled by the slave holders. New, sir, what is the policy of our . GoVernment r It is a benefitial policy-a benevolent policy.. It is - a policy designed to make this great' country what it ought to be. The Democratic party informerdays - acknowledged the evils of slavery...A Democratic Convention, held at Pittsburg, in 1819; adopted resolutions el. do not recollect with what number of dissenting voices) declaring in favor of free soil in the territories. That was Democratic doctrine ' in those days. I recollect, also that an eminent' gentleman of our own State, who ' had occupied' the • most distinguished position in this - country; de. nounced, in 1820, the Missouri Coinpromise, and condemned any attempt to forcerslavery into the• territories. Such was the state of the public mind in former years. But, sir, at this date; after seventy years of consistent action against theinetitution of slavery, and in favor of emancipation, (not with the design of destroying it unconstitutionally. T . llort niagrt ilil,_t l II 1.1,,,,-- ...,i ILA .i... 0.. 11- fill MU Wm I Reid in Illig 111111 IiIIIVU- .1.1 I.l'Z 1;.- caution or gltiveryt witnn 111110t01111 Is gentling up her shouts in favor of emancipation-when she has begun to appreciate the beneficial effects of free in stitutions-it is proposed to array on the side of slavery, Pennsylvania, a State that gave so noble an utterance on this subject In 1780-a State that placed upon her statute books, by a voteunanimous or nearly so, th e declaration that slavery is an insti tution fraught with evils to the country, and, as we had just emerged from the war of the revolution, in which we struggled to gain liberty for ourselves, it was our duty before God to give freedom to the op pressed race within our own midst. But; sir, it is now proposed that the Government of the country, when engaged in one of the most bene ficial measures it has ever attempted, shall be checked and thwarted by that Legislature whose sol emn declaration in 1780 was that the inatitutionof sla very is a curse to the country. How extraordinary! Of what avail were all the struggles and priva tions of the Revolution, if this Republic is to be se vered? And I undertake to say, air, that every *mane within the limits of the Constitution. should be adopted for the purpose of destroying and crush ing the Southern rebellion. The doctrine of the late Administration-a doctrine whisk is false to all the teachings of the fathers of the Republic-was that .there is no Nwer of the Government to maintain its own integrity. Now, sir, lithe gentlemen who are in the majority in this House intend, by restoring "the Constitution as it is," to revive that construction of it expounded by the late Executive, our 'Constitution amounts to nothing. The London. Times, in com menting upon the message in which this extraordi nary doctrine was announced, declared that no civi lifted nation in the world would . adopt such a doc trine-that England would not permit her remotest colony to attempt to sever itself from her domaina without resisting it by coercion to the utmost extent. We all know how unfortunate Ireland has been, oppressed and crushed under the iron heel of British military power. That Government, sir, loses all humanity, all sense of duty, whemit comes in con flict with its enemies. Notwithstanding the high 11111.1411 glPSlllllllle, netiqg tit tin spill uthittli fliteeit . , - - - triviYflTlliilltliniillllllflllrallilllllllli ....'.......- .....-4 pow.r,r-rsouro itav surto/A I euutneris is not a country lii Ilisope le. which Mc niasaea are in greater destitution .. You see, to be sure, as one of her great writers says, her great works of philan thropy ; but light along aide la the squalid poverty of her masses. Now, sir that is the Government which is taking precisely the same ground that the gentlemen upon the other side of the House are. taking at this. mo ment. One of the distinguished statesmen of that country-a member of Parliament-said: "We had better admit that the desire of Greet Britain Is to witness the severance of the American Reputdie. - It is becoming too powerful; we cannot tolerate its advancement, because it is-striking a blow at the power of ]mg and." The London Times said,» short time before the commencement of this rebellion, that our national advancement .was the most un paralleled and miraculous. that the world has ever seen. 'Why, sir, our foreign tonnage had then ex ceeded the British tonnage ~..and. our internal, ton nage-the tonnage of the lakes and riversexceeti ed the tonnage of the wholeof Europe. Besides that, sir, look at the great works. of advancement which have originated in this count ry . Sever this Repub lic, and we shall be humiliated .in the eyes.oL Eu rope. And I hold that every measure . which eon strike a blow at slavery, without interfering .with the rights of loyal masters, is the bounden'. duty of the Government. Why, sir, our. revolution. was gained by coercion. The banner of our republic, in those early, dew!, had I upon it the motto, "Resistance to tyrants." • Such waa the sentiment of our great chieftain of the.lte volution. He bowed hisknee to the God of battles, and he pushed that contest to a' successful close,. without any violation of private rights-without any interference with the edmietetration, of justice. -without anything which would.soil the fairfamo of the Government Who. surrounded, him, in. that struggle) The chivalry of Frame, the choice pone of Ireland, the patriots of Poland. and Ger many. They fought not merely for our republic; they fought for the great principle involved in the contest between the two nations. They saw in. the pieta oeths future lihrAht awn [twig twat girtot - 1 ---x- e,ueri Ara .1./....i....t. -:.1..... .-iii. no.. 1......- 1110 M liffkid. (illif present CODltitliiing Ms astiihlishild 110011 the wreck, if I may so express it, of the confede rative system, in which the General Government relied, for the. emcees of its measures, UpCn en. eye peal to the State. Our present Constitution, as every man who has studied It knows, was formed for the express purpose of enabling the Gionered Go vernment to take measures of coercion when ita. demands were not properly complied with; and during the Administration of Washington, that great man set an example in favor of coercion by sending forth an army, at the mere appearance of opposition to the laws in Western Penn sylvania. Sir, the whole course of , tho Govern ment has been to resort to coercion, when ever the laws were violated, and whenever a State was invaded. Even during the late Ad ministration, it was diatinctly announced, in the case or Utah both by the President and the Secretary of War, that whenever a State or Territory is in armed rebellion against the Govern ment, or whenever the laws cannot be executed, it is the bounden duty of the Government to coerce such a State or Territory by military force-that there is in the Government an inherent power to do so. I had my doubts at the time whether the Presi dential powertextended to coercing a State or Ter ritory, simply for the.non.execution of the laws, because that matter presents some exceedingly , de- Mate questions. In other words, when the Gentiles said that they could not obtain justice In Utah, I did not think it was a legitimate process to coerce ajury at the point of the bayonet to render their verdict in a particular manner. Yet that was the principle enunciated by the late Administration. Now, Mr. Speaker, whither nre we drifting? We assume that We are wiser than the Congress of the United States-that in the brief deliberations of a few moments, we can settle the knottiest ouestions of the Republic. What interest, I ask you, has Pennsylvania in thus espousing the emancipation of slaves in Missouri) The people of that State desire emancipation. And what will the measure cost t%, Pennsylvania? Gentlemen on the other side hp s e become very economical. Of the twenty million s of dollars proposed to be appropriated for this Inv 4)0 , 3e , what would be Pennsylvania's portion! Pe*,.hans a million-one million of dollars. What is that amount, sir, when we consider ~.the P'ewer, the wealth, and resources of this great ‘emi c eon wealth I The preamble of that act of 1780 anew, ~re the ques tion. I do not wish to detain this House - all= a question of such magnitude as this, becaue time to examine it. I desire an A I have not had r ..,prtortunLty to look at the subject with more care , My heart, sir, is with the President in his thr.ioUs effort! to hold out an assisting band to the S P .te. , that dog! , to eman cipate. their slaves. W' Speaer, that in the Star ...10 does not know , Mr. „ eof Maryland todayands which in the same v'erallel in Pennsylvania are worth one hundred de la i, worth but 'thirty (1, per acre, arc in Maryland Altus"! And who does not know that if „r alaverT wc - e abolished in the State of Mary land, her lani s - with those of ' ' would at once rise to an equal value Because ienneylvania. Why could this be so? , . w ith the abolition of slavery, free men wo rld go there. Wherever 'slavery is, freemen _educe_ ear ~.on deFaded. Wherever slavery is, ' ...on is restricted, if not prohibited. Ken of "e rn e, distinction have declared that, if a division °'. the Union should take place, the destiny of Penn sylvania and New York would be with. the South. f t attier elir us from suc a horrible fate ! I would I tether Milt day be under the despotism of Russ's.
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