THE Pitir:;Nb. PUBLISHED DAILY (SUNDAYS EXCIJEIND3 BY JOHN W. FORNEY, 07FICE, No. 11l 60711( FOURTH STUNT THE DAILY PRESS, EfORTERS Carrie PER Wank, payable to the Carrie. Mailed to Subscribers out of the City at MORT DOLLARS ran ANNOY. Pone DOLLARS FOR Srx Slovrne, TWO DOER LARS FOR TREE AIONTR97iRVELFIabIy In advance for the Ime ordered. sir Advertisements Inserted at the usual rates. Eltx tines constitute a square. THE TRI-WEEKLY PRESS, Mailed to Subeeribere ant of the City at FOUR. Dor, TARS PER AIMUM, lu adVallee. COMMISSION HOUSES. GRIGG & HARMSTEAD, No. 21 STRAWBERRY STREET, COMMISSION MERCHANTS, For the stile of FOREIGN.AND DOMESTIC DRY GOODS OUR SPRING STOCK IS NOW AR. RAlsc no 80,000 DOZEN la OSIER Y, AT LOWER PRICES THAN PRESENT COST OF DI PORTATION TLTOS. MELLOR & CO., ID AND 4% NORTH THIRD STREET, jOHN T. BAILEY 54 CO. ZAGS AND, BAGGING OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. N 0.113 NORTH FRONT STREET, 14274 m PHILATIFILPItIA. FHIL ADELPHIA "BAG" MANUFACTORY BURLAP BAG S, OF ALL SIZES, FOR CORN. OATS, COME. BONE.DUST, &e. SEAMLESS BAGS, lZ i standard makes, ALL SIZES, for sale cheap, for net Rash on delivery GEO. GRIGG., N0..219 and 221 CERJR.OII ALLEY. COTTON YARN. SUFBEIOIt COTTON YARN, No. 10, YOB SALE BY GB AM oct2r-tt SHIPLEYS HAZARD, & lIU TAO HIN SON, , No. I.IM CABSTNIIT STREET.. OOMMISBION MERCHALNTB FOR THE SLLE OP PRILIDELPHIA-MADE. GOODS seDlem CLOTHES-WRINGERS. THE GREAT OLOTHES WRINGER. "PT_TTNAIYI 44 SELF-ADJUSTING CLOTHES WRINGER" Is warranted to-be superior to any other to use. EVERY FAMILY SHOULD POSSESS A CLOTHES WRINGER. BIWATIBB, let, It to a relief to the hardest part of waahlnirday. St It enables thewashinst to be done in one-third leas Itinf. 611,V0S clothes from the Injury always given by trrt 4th. A II helps to wash the clothes as well as dry them. WE BELIEVE IT ADVISABLE TO FBOOLIRE ONE OF THIS KIND, HICOAVEIN, Final. The rolls being of vulcanized rubber, will tear hot and cold water, and will neither break nor teat mg buttons. Snow..no .frame being of iron, thoroughly Rai. ortiteed, all danger trainrust is removed, andthe lin. %Silty to shrink, swell, split, &c,, so unavoidable in wooden machines , is prevented. Tutsm. The spiral springs over the rolls render this ma gabble eelf•adjusting, so that small and large articles, as , well as articles uneven in thickness, are certain to re mace uniform pressure, FOURTH. The patent fastening by which the machine ft tightened to the tub, we believe to be superior in aim- Vichy and efilciency to any yet offered. Firrs. It will •fit any tub, round or agnare, from 'me i:calf to one-and-a-quarter inches in thickness, without she least alteration. • RETAIL PRICE: No. 1. $6.00' No. 2110.00 xr- Agents wanted In every county. * Reliable and energetic men will be liberally dealt 'Ott: For Sale at the "WOODENViABE ESTAI3LIMOCENT" A. H. F.RAINTOASp:(7 . I3; • , A0..538 NABBBT St TriNagurs - rixtres» — .ial&tuthe tmhB Who%Rale asirothr ihiss4shs WILL/AM YARNALL, DUMP. IN HOUSE-FURNISHING GOODS, No. 1020 CHESTNUT STREET, Afeireet for the sale of HALEY, NORSE, & BOYDEN'S PATENT SELF-ADJUSTIN.O , CLOTHES-WRINGER, Believed to be the best CLOTHES-WRINGER in use. It will wring the largest Bed Quilt or smallest Hand kerchief drier than can possibly be done by hand, in very mush less time. N. B.—A liberal discount will be made to dealers. n03,8m SEWING MACHINES. S TILL THERE! Al! THE .OLD 'STAND, 628 CHESTNUT STREET. 'Second floor, opposite Jayne's Hall, WHEELER (fic• WILSON SEWING MACHINES. The undersigned has not removed, but is ready at hie Old Office to supply customers, at the lowest prices, with %very style and quality of WHEELER & WILSON SEWING MACHINES. Machines to hire; also, with first-olass operators, to private families and hotels, by the day, Machine (ditching done at short notice, in any quantity. Diachines repaired and operators taught de2s3m MERRY COY. SINGER'S SEWING MACHINES, .for Family Sewing and Manufacturing ' Slo CHESTNUT STREET. iala Sra . THE WILOOX dc. GIBBS TAMM A Y SEWING MACHINES iutyabeen greatly improved, making it ENTIRELY. NOISELESS, end with Beltadinsting Hemmers, are now ready ibreale by FAIRBANKS & SWING, se27-tf 715 affirsTrtirr Street. DRIIGS.AND CHEMICALS. ROBERT SHOEMAKER & CO., - Northeast Corner Yoarth and LACE Streets, PHILADELPHIA, WHOLESALE DRUGGISTS, IMPORTERS AND DEALERS /011711021 AND .DOMSTIO WINDOW ANDPLATE GLASS. itiNOPAOTORENI OP IiVHITZ LEAD AND ZING P.AUNTS, PITITY, &a. AGINNTB 70i1 Tan MILIBILMD FRENCH ZINO .P4INTEL Dolor and consumers eudddled at tonitok •• TM LOW MOBS YOB CASH. VA :3 0,1 41:ALir,i:I CABIN CUED E n ..NITIJRE L• AND .:BI MOORE & CAMPION, No. 201 South SECOND street an connection with their extensive Cabinet Sitebiena an now manufacturing a superior article of BILLIARD TABLES. ',end have now on hand a full supply, finished with the 1110 OR & CAMPION'S IMPROVEM CUSHIONS, which am pronounced by all who have used them to be nor+ trior to all others, For the Quality and finish of these Tables the manu facturers refer to their numerous patrons throughout Uhe Union. who are familiar with the 0 lutraoter of their 'Work. au2343m eCiRNELIUS & BAKER, THAMA&IDBERS OP LAMPS, CHANDELIERS, OAS FIXTURES, dm. , • STORE, 119 CHESTNUT ST. 31,011.1 FACTORIES. • • en CHERRY Street. and FIFTH and .60LONIHA. Ja23.lm • 'Attune. A .. OIPENHEIMER, No. J. Cana( Alley. Philadelphia, CONTRACTOR AND MANUFACTURER OF ARMY CLOTHING Of Eyery Description. ALSO, HAVERSACKS, PONCHOS, CAMP BLANKETS, KNAPSACKS, and BED TICKINGS YON HOSPITALS. MATERIAL BOUGHT FOR CONTRACTORS. All goods made will be a narantleti regulation la size N. B. Orders of any size tilled with deepatob. ja7-3in 6 OASES, 30-INCH ELACKBTONE UMBRELLA CLOTHS. For sale bi MATTHEW BINNEY'S SONS. Jar BOSTON. Mau. ~ .v . .. . ..-:. , . . ,- . ... ..!,,.: .s •1_:.,.....,._-•.:„e__ •.-• A_ .c , 7k. F . ol io i. ~.: ,;- , ~. • ;,),-• :_: : k : , :;-_•Z : . '- . .. :.7,,.:,--.-_„--', . > . , - - . '"' . ,. 7 : . ' 2 -_ ~•-,,'•,-?.•,.• ;-' :-. ••M4ll 4 ! . "1 -•, - : '" t ;1, :•'; 1; - , ,_',..,,..4,..!.4.-:.,-_ 1. :. ill4', pi ,y,,,T4.5:,'. ... - ._.i • - - • ` ;• •.•-•.•: :•j•31• 1• r ..T iP -e._-. ~:.,••.i4•o—'7 - ';' •• ~--'-•:;', .;".'.„•.:.'-1?1--':r.-4,;,.;1/;.7, -:: •-:c-'-'..':':;/';N‘,-'•:,;.--'-••:-.e',:' -:'•- •: : ' • - ' --t • =" • ,N • ' - ' : • ' - -•, •,-*,-- 0 7.•,4 V. /,.' 4,*. ' _ „ .. • .... A .... ... - t--i .- ,• , - • )I .-,.. -:. -:, O a l. ''• .--; • •1,..3:. , - 1..: -,. (:, ..' L. i . NIL ..: ~ .' ..,..,.,,,,,.....:,...,..„.....:...„.._ „ 2. 4 imp_ ..• :....,....,:.:ii,':.'......- -3 .,, . 4 / 4_,,,, , j+,7"... - ..--e,. _.-.., . -•/' ....4.--, - ....-• -.L. , _ - ' -- .1.,- , - -' ' . \ _ .. \ -" . ,:f: .. ~- . - -1- - ,.: ,1.11 ..:-_-; . _ . -... :..--......„; ..,..---...;L .....----,-- - --sig h , -..., ~. 'L.- , .....- • - -. , L ,7......tir--)7,-.,-.1,---- .. . . . ..., ~.,-.--.____....---,,- . ----., • .:- . . ' VOL. 6.-NO. 158. RETAIL DRY GOODS. cASSI - MERES, CLOTHS, LININGS, &0., Comprising a large and complete stocls of goods for MEN'S AND BOYS' WEAR. L DPPLI .T : t COOPER & CIONARD, ja24 S. E. CORNER NINTH. AND MARKET STS some tuAvelaterations we are making our Store the Store will be CLOSED on Wednesday, 'Mars dt r,Friday, and Saturday. AIM MONDAY next, the sth, we shall OPEN with a large Stock of DRY GOODS, and, as they worn purchased previous, to the very great rise, we are enabled to offer inducements to those m want. • EDWIN NALL si CO., 2,6 South SECOND Street. MUSLIN& BELOW THE MARKET -"-L. PRICES. --We have a largo Stook of Bleached and Brown MUSLIMS, of all widths and qualities, at prices from 2 to 5 cents per yard under the case price of the Among the stock will be found New York Mills, Wil liamsville, Wanisutta, Torresdale, Allewagen, and every approved make.. Country Storekeepers will save by an examination: Linen goods at old prices. • R. D. & W. U. PENNELL, - re 2 • 1021 MARKET Street. • CLOSING OUT WINTER STOCK AT AND ENDER COST PRICES.- - Saxony Plaids and Pail De Chevres, at 20 Me Best American Delaiues, at 29 eta. All imported Dross Goods at cost prices. These goods are all really cheaper than Calicoes. Plain Silks, rich colors. • - Small-figured Corded Silks, solid colors. Ph in and danced Black Silks. - Very heavy Gro Grain Black Silks. Rich stylos Fancy Silks.. All of these goods are at last fall's prices.' Pretty styles Fancy Silks, 56, 65, 70 Plain Black alpacas. .Single and double-width Block All-woolDelaines. Plain Black Morinoes, Cashmeres, and: Reps. - All at last Gill's prices. English, Merrimac, Cocheco. Sprague, and all the best makes of Prints in the market. Pillow Case, Sheeting, and Shirting . Muslins, Nil-' liamsville and other approved makes. 9 , 8 Waltham and Peeasset, Loyman, unbleached, all at less than the agent's case prices. North TENTH ON, fe2 'Nos : 713 and 715 street. SPLENDID STOOK ON HAND.- All the beet makes of Calicoes. All the best makes of Muslin& All the bestmakes of Linens. All the best makes of Sheetings. All the best make a of Napkins. Together with Towels, Crash, Diaper Fluoltabamit, Bird ETC, "Burlap, Sm. Sze. "H l litte Cambric and Jaconet, full line. . Nainsoeks and Plaid Muslims, full line. ...Winter Goods closing out. Shawls, iliertnoes, closing out, Balmoral Skirts, all prices. Silk and Linen Hdkfs, nice assortment. At JOHN 11. STORES', 71212 AMR Street. EDWIN HALL & BRO., 26 South SECOND Street. Rave reduced the pricestot Fancy Silks. Rich 'Printed Dress Goods. . Choice Shades of Merinoes, Beautiful Colors of Rape or Poplins, All-Woo] De L 101143 51 All kinds of dark dress goods reduced. Also, Pine Long Broche Shawls, On Centre Long Cashmere Shawls. Rich new styles of Blanket Shawls. 4 , 1 Lyons Silk velvets. pare Silk. • 0 tw-Palov6wctlioazior43w4 E. M. NEEDLES. LINENS, •WHITE GOODS, LACES, EMBROIDERIES. A fell fumertment always on hand at LOW P.RICES. Just received, lace-trimmed Embroidered and Mourning Muslin Bows and Nock-Ties, for the house and street. Also, all-linen Hemstitched Handkerchiefs, at 15 cents. Also, all descriptions of Linen Handkerchiefs, for Ladies, Gents, and Children, at WHOLESALE PRICES. i aE4I 1024 CR'ESTNST STREET D RY GOODS FOB WINTER. Rep. Poplins. Wrench Merinos, Colored !donatelines, Foist De Soles. Foulard Silks, Blanket Shawls, Balmoral Skirts, Black Silks, Fancy Silks, Black Bombazines, Worsted Cheap Detainee. French Chintzes, Shirting Flannels, Broohe Shawls, Fine Blankets. Crib Blankets. _ SHARFIMEI BRO.THiItI9, zIOIXSTNUT and EIGHTH Streets, WELLI.,&.ELEIV-11.321;39 ; -: , --W,LII.S.TTAB; York Premiums, Forestdales. • Edward Harris, Bay Mill, and Other good makes Shirting% • 10-1 Utica, Waltham and Pepperell Shootings. FINE LINENS - At nearly old prices. Cheep Damask Cloths. Power-Loom Linens, Good Napkins, Fine Towels and Doylies. BLACK ALPACAS, Fine Colored Alpacas, Prints, Delatnes, Cheap Reps. . All-wool Repe at Cost. Balmorals—Good Skirts, full size, $3. . Closing out Winter Cloaks and Shawls. Closing out Boys' Winter Clothing. COOPER & COWARD, ja24-11 B. illtorner NINTH and MARKIIT Streets. F : YRE & LANDELL, FOURTH AND •A-a ARCH, hare a line Mock of GOODS FOR FAMILY CUSTOM. Good Large Blankets. Good Linen Sheeting& Good Muslin by tbe pieoe. Good Unshrinking Flannels. Good Fast Colored Prints. Good Table Linen and Towels. Good Quality Black Silks. Good Assortment Colored Silks. jal B LACK SILKS.—BESSON & SON, Mourning Store, No. 918 CHESTNUT Street, have pened a new stock of BLACK SILKS, • Including all the 'Mailable makes and dries, from $1 o M O a yard. • Black Alpacas, to 623 S sante. Black glossy Mohair's, 50 cents to $l. Black•all wool Housselines, 55 to 50 cents. Do do do double widths, 75 cents to $1.76. Do Englieh and French Bombazines. Do Empress Clothe, Baratheae and Tnrlus. Do Thtbet Long and Square Shawls, Ste. ,dl 'EYRE & LANDELL, FOURTH AND ARCH. always keep a fine stock of Staple Household. Goods. Jab Beat Ulmthis, Linens, and Flennels. EYRE & LANDELL, FOURTH . AND ARCH, always keep a full lino of • Mourning Shawls. Jab Fashionable Shawls. • LQa : 606. ARCH STREET . • 606. FINE SHIRT" .AND WRAPPER EMPORIUM Full Assortment of GENTS' FURNISRING GOODS, IN GREAT NWUBTY SUPERIOR QUALITY. AID . AT MODERATE MC G. A. HOFFMANN+ Successor to W. W. KNIGHT. Goo atcal gram. 606. id-stath So THE•FINE_SHIRT EMPORIUM, doe:111i 3 NORTH SIXTH STRUT. JOHN C. ARRISON, (FORIERILLY J. BITER 310010.) IMPORTER AND MANUFACTURER OF GENTLEMEN'S FURNISHING GOODS IN GREAT VARIETY AND AT MODERATE PRICER. N. B.—Partietdar attention given to the malting oft Skirts, Collars. Drawers, & FINE SHIRT MANUFACTORY. The subscriber would Invite attention to his IMPROVED CUT OP SHIRTS, Which he nukes a upeetalti in Ida business. Also, con !tautly receiving, NOVELTIES' FOR ORNTLEMPIt'S WEAR. J. W. SCOTT, • GENTLEMEN'S FURNISHING STORE, No. 81 . 4 ORESTNUT STREET, ial74 • Four doors below the Continental. VAR S ON'S •-• SCOTCH-PATENT SILVER-CLEANING POWDER, Warranted free from acid, and the iname as need in the houses of the nobility and gentry of Scotland. It Is un e_qualled -for cleaning Gold and Silver Plate, Looking Glasses, etc. Prepared by A. H. CARSON, waiter, from a recipe given me by the head butler to the Duke of Athol. For sale by .11AZ.4.RD & CO. Twelfth Twelfth and Chestnut streets, I. TOWNSEND, Thirteenth and Chestnut streets, T. BLACK 1401 Chestnut streets, W, H, NAIiLTY 1800 Chestnut street, J. CLARK. Fifth' and Prnue streets And wholesale by WILLIAM' 1204 CHBST NUT Street and CASWELL, HACK, & CO., Chemists. , Fifth-Avenue Hotel, New York And Thames street, Newport, R. L All orders addressed A. H. CARSON, Western Sub Poet Ottice.Philade/Phia. ' 4 " la24tuths2rn on ARCH STREET. 0. A. VANKIRK & 00. Have on hand a fine assortment of CHANDELIERS AND OTHER GAB FIXTURES Also, French Bronze Figures and Ornament; Porcelain and Idiot Shade; and a variety of FANCY GOODS .• WHOLESALE AND. RETAIL. Please call and examine goods. dein, VELLEVOIBDI BRANDY.-AN IN VOICE. In Bond. for sale by CHAS. S. & JAS. bARSTAIRS, " 4 1 jade N 0.126 WALNUT and 211. GRANITE Sta. rEAMPAGNE.-AN INVOICE OF •-• Yin liaperlal,jost received per ship Robert Oneti me'', and for gale by JAIIRRTOHB & LAYRRORR. Roo. tdo2l and 2104 South FRONT Street- gift THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 1863 :Loyalty and Disloyalty. To the Editor of The Press: SIR c IWuch indignation is, we are told, feigned or felt in certain quarters, and Menially by the distin guished biographer, diplomatist, and politician, who writes for the editorial columns of the Evening Jour nal, that an association should have been formed in this city to disseminate and maintain loyal feeling, and discouragp and rebuke disloyalty by all proper efforts in public and private. Is this because dis loyalty is not, in the opinion of the Journal and its editors, a vice and danger? Or, because Philadel phia is so peculiarly fortunate at this period of in surrection and revolt, of Southern rebels and North ern sympathizers, as to have no disloyal men within her borders? . H. • The formeeproposition will hardly be maintained, as yet, even by the Journal the latter would begood newa, indeed, to all loyal ears, if it were not, un-' happily, too - good to be true. The articles to which we have referred strive to convey the idea that De mocracy has been confounded with disloyalty ; that a party line has been drawn, and one portion of so ciety arrayed against the other. In support or this assertion, the Journai speaks of "the discreditable conduct of one of our banks, in turning out soli citor, because he is aDiniocrat—a bank, too, which has prospered on - Dern*: atic favor, and will, ere Yong, be begging for Democratic patrenage." Does not the Journal know that if one Democrat was' turned out, he was replaced by another, and that the removal cannot, therefore, have been .caused by party polities, or the wish to assail men on party grounds? The The fidelity of the great mass Of the Democracy to their country ought to be kliown to the Evening Journal, by the best of - all proofs, the difficulty which has been experienced in turning them aside from the path ofduty, and overcoming their. attachment to the national cause. But, while the MUMS are, or wish to be, sound—while the hearts of some of their leaders bent as - strongly for the Union AB of old, there are ethers who are false to every principle that can save the nation inthe present crisis—who are eager to complete the work of 'disorganization which the South has begun, and destroy what remains of the fabric of one national greatness. These men seek to sow dissensien and distrust in every quarter—to persuade each part of the country that it will be abandoned by the rest—to separate and distract all, until:the whole shall fall an easy prey into the hands of the Southern oligarchy. The West is told that unless it takes the initiative in desertion, she will herself beabandoned . by the Middle States, and her way barred to the Atlantic; while" the Middle States are elsewhere in their turn assured that the West will leave them and make her own bargain for the Mississippi. The Press of Monday contains a letter from the pen of Mr. E. W. Hughes, professedly Intended to warn his fellow-citizens here that they cannot keep the West without prostrating them selves at the feet of, the South, and excluding New England from the Union if she will not join in the humiliation; but really meant to inspire jealousy between East, West, and North, in order that seces sion may at lasttriumph over the Union and. Con stitution. Peace with the rebellion—peace at any price first— the disorganization of the North next—and, finally, their own triumph—is the programme of these con spirators; and they are ready to do and submit to anything to attain their object. The worse that peackis, the harder-its conditions, the greater the shame, the better it will suit the end in,vlew, by ren dering the condition of the people here so intolerable, that they will be ready to adopt the views and sub mit to the designs of Mr. Hughes and his associates. For, unhappily, -Mr. Hughes is not the only la borer in this scheme of treason, which, though not yet able and ready to strike, is sufficiently bold and audacious to proclaim its expectation that the hour will soon arrive when the stars and stripes shall be replaced by the flag of the Confederates, the Ameri can nation become a thing of the past, and its place be filled by a multitude of States struggling with each other for empire or existence, making sordid compacts to-day which will be broken to-morrow, and all hastening on the downward path which leads through anarchy and intestine war to military despotism. The proofs of this do not consist only in the letter of Mr. Hughes, or the attempt which he made, two years ago, to induce the Democratic party to assist in breaking up the Union. They He, all around, and he must be blind, or resolutely determined to close his eyes, who does not see them. No one among them, perhaps, is more striking, or fraught with more past and prospective evil, than the resolution prepared by Dlr. William B. Reed, and adopted at his instance and that of other politicians of the same school, at the Democratic meeting held on January 17th, 1861, to neutralize the effect of one which-had been convened, without distinction of party, a short time before, to sustain lirajorAnderson la the course which he hnd adopted of placinghis command within the walls of Fort Sumpter. Witify_to .11Bei Mr. Reed's. own lan guage, " adoptctrwntr fe aa follows: • Resolved, That in the deliberate judgment of the Democracy of Philadelphia, and so far as we kdow it, of Pennsylvania, the dissolution of the Union by the separation of the whole South—a result we shall most sincerely deplore—may release this Common wealth from the bond@ which now connect it with the Confederacy, and would authorize and require its citizens, through a Convention to be assembled for that purpose, to determine with whom their lot shall be cast: whether with the North and East, whose fanaticism has precipitated this misery upon us, or with our brethren of the South, whose wrongs we feel as our own, or whether Pennsylvania shall stand by herself, ready, when occasion o ff ers, to bind together the broken Union, and resume her place of loyalty and devotion. This extraordinary doctrine, that the secession of the South would put an end to the Union here, free Pennsylvania from her allegiance to the United States and authorize her citizens to side with the alien Government established by Jefferson Davis, against the glorious Constitution framed and be queathed by Washington, Hamilton, and Madison, was indignantly repudiated not long afterwards by the great body of the Democracy, at the memorable uprising of all parties which followed the capture of Volt Sumpter, and showedhowlittle politicians,who have outlived their hearts, can judge of the effect which great events will produce on the hearts of others. But though rejected by the people, it was never disavowed or retracted by its authors. It still lay as an anchor to windward, a proof, if the South should in the end be triumphant, that they had al ways been true to its cause, and were entitled to re ceive from its hands those rewards which are most coveted by such political martyrs. Accordingly, no sooner did the National Star begin to lose its ascendency in the disasters of last summer than this illomened resolution was dragged from the oblivion to which it had willingly been consigned by all good citizens. Its disorganizing doctrines were avowed and defended in a so-called "Vindication" and the people of this Common wealth again impliedly told that all 'national obli gation was at an end, and the people of each State free to choose between the United States and the " Confederacy:: What that choice should be was not left to conjecture. The Confederates were de scribed as our injured brethren, whose wrongs were our own; those arrayed in support of the National Government as fanatics engaged in' an unjust war, who had brought all this evil to our door. Is it possible to conceive of anything more insidious, more seditious more disloyal, than such a "Vindi cation"of dis loyalty, in the midst of the struggle which the American people are now making for their existence as a nation) To understand this fully, we must remember that the Confederate Government is not only revolu tionary, but alien; :that its avowed purpose-is to establish a new and distinct nation, which, when recognized as Mr. Reed would have it, will be as foreign to ourselves and our children as France or England. It will deal with us as selfishly and harsh ly as if it was not of the same race and language ; will, as it does now, confound all Northern men in one common epithet of contempt and execration, as " Yankees," and know no distinction between the farmers of Pennsylvania and the merchants and manufacturers of New England. Yet at the outset, while the South was, according to the author of the "Vindication," still hesitating, before blood had .been shed or. any irrevocable tep taken, she was encouraged to go on by the assurance that this Commonwealth was ready to join her in the path of revolution; and this encouragement is now more or less covertly reproduced and repeated at the height of the struggle, and when the fate of the nation, perhaps for centuries, is trembling in the balance. The example of Mr. Fox is cite' .in the • "Vindication" to show that a war may be censured as unjust or inexpedient without a violation of the duty which we owe to our country. No one can dispute this proposition; but did that great orator ever seek to inflame one section of his country against another while engaged in a struggle with a common foe? Did he ever try to induce Scotland or Yorkshire to cast Its lot with revolutionary or im perial France, or intimate that if the legions of Na poleon crossed the channel they would find friends and adherents in Liverpool and London? Would the English people have suffered such in vidious comparisons, as those which have recently appeared in the Evening Journal, to be drawn be tween their own. Government and that of France, for the purpose of aiding the latter in the work of cdnquestt Some of the persons who are now loudest in vindicating the Journal were vehement three years since against the Mayor of this city, for not preventing Curtis from lecturing on a lite rary subject, because he was suspected of being an Abolitionist, and interposing the shield of the law between him and the mob. Does the freedom of the press lie nearest to the heart of these people, or the desire to subvert the freest Government that exists upon the earth? Can anything be more painful than the spectacle of a great pation, compelled by the excesses( of its own citizens, to choose between the dangers inseparable from restraining the free dom of speech, and the still greater dangers to liberty and independence resulting from its licmsel Arguments deduced from considerations of nation al honor and addressed to patriotism, can have but little weight with men who think.serio asly of turn ing their backs on New England, on Bunker Hill, and Lexington, to clasp the hands yet staine&with the blood of the New England men and Pennsylva nians, who fell at Antietam and Fredericksburg. But the scheme of Mr. Hughes isnot less contrary to practical good sense, than to morals and right feeling. The lakes, the great canals, and railroads, leading from the Northwest to the •seaboard, are in the hands of New York and Pennsylvania, and with them the keys of the Union. Not one-fifth part of the exports of the Western States finds its way to the Gulf of Mexico ; the rest takes the direct route to Europe, over the eastern lines of communication. Much as the West desires and values the Mississippi, she would, if compelled to choose between the friendship of the Middle States and that of the Southwest, prefer the former as in every sense the more beneficial. While the men of New York and Pennsylvania remain true to the Union, we may feel sure that the Western men will cot leave it. Besides, no calculation can be safe, even in a commercial point of view which fails to take account of moral andintellec tual influences. Trade requires security ; to be placed upon a basis free from sudden and violent iMg-tapi changes. An indispensable prerequisite to our forming a stable union with the. South, is that the South should confess itself insincere in • all that it has said and done 'during the last three years and consent to unite with us. We shall . In. vain sue for their favor, if they see in. our suppliant and humble attitude fresh occasion for the display of the ingratitude and Arrogance with which they broke all connection with their beat friends at the North. But even if this difficulty were overcome by allowing the Confederacy to dictate its own terms, and inducing a majority of the people here to accept P FHLAD ELP a LA. THURSDAY, _FEBRUARY 5, 1863. them, the breach would only be salved over, not healed; there would still remain a powerful minority, ready on the first reflux of popular opinion to swell again into a majority, and disown the bargain into which the country had temporarily been betrayed. The voters of New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio would el ill be the same men who elected Mr. Lincoln by an overwhelming majority in answer to the course of intimidation and fraud pursued in Kan sas. To leave the comparatively firm ground on which we now stand, and destroy the Government of the United States, under which we have so long prospered, in the hope of constructing a better one under such auspices, and out of such incongruous materials, would be the wildest and most impractica ble of all speculations, and do as much discredit to the heads of those who engaged in it as to their hearts. Such safety as there is for us—and It will be our own fault if it is anything less then entire— must be sought in drawing the ties that bind us to gether, which had been relaxed in the sunshine of prosperity, closer as the increases, and re membering that every star that still shines in our flag is more valuable tor the absence of those which we have lost. That disloyalty exists, and surrounds us like a miasma, vitiating the purer air, is only too true, and it is not lees sure that if the war which we are now waging for the restoration of the Union as it was, shall prove unsuccessful, we shall be plunged into another for the defence of the Union which now is. Let no man imagine that if commissioners from Washington and Richmond were to meet on the • banks of the Rappahannock, and arrange terms of separation, giving . us all that we still hold, Mary-. land, Western Virginia, Kentucky, Missouri, and New Orleans the pains of war—taxation, conscrip tion; uncertainty for the future, would be over, and the blessings of peace at hand. They might perhaps, indeed, be ours, if we were like other and more fortunate countries, of which we read—like England, France, or Russia, where the idea of partition or dismemberment could not be suggested by the worst and most desperate revolu tionist, during the wildest period of faction, without accumulating a cloud of odium around his head, and exposing him to destruction at the hands of his own followers. Weshould, it may be said, be great in terri torykpowerful in arms, abounding in resources, after the smith' was gone ; while the right to descend the Mississippi might be secured by material guarantees, or its loss Compensated by the railroads, lakes, and canals, leading directly from the West, through the Atlantic States, to the great marts of Europe. But, Mr. Hughes and his coadjutors will not suffer this to be, will not allow us to look forward to re-, pose and unity, even if we take their advice and re cognize the Confederacy. They look at the Consti tution and read in it Secession, the right to exclude States, and of States to depart at pleasure, and are unable to perceive that there is a moral obligation, where our country is' in question, prior and para mount to, positive law. ' • The terrible lesson of the last Mr years is, that whatever constitutions or their interpreters may say about the right to break up a nation at pleasure, there is a natural law which cannot be disregarded with impunity, that will, like all natural-laws , avenge its violated authority on all who will not understand and obey its mandate. Better might a parent turn his child out. of doors, or a child refuse shelter or maintenance to a parent, because no statute had enjoined the duty or forbidden the crime, and hope to avoid the results that -flow from wrong, than a people expect to find happiness and safety in the course which these men advise ; for men may escape the temporal consequences of guilt by death, while nations always survive long .enough to feel the retribution due to their own mis conduct. Thus far the North has avoided the sin of the South, has refused to admit the mischievous doctrine that a people, one in race and in language, substantially one in religious faith, separated by no natural line of demarcation, can dtsmember their country without a violation of natural and moral right, even if they violated no legal obligation. So far, too, the North has escaped the., greater part of the Buttering, which the South hashed to endure, has been 'tranquil, prosperous, united, and, save in the loss of its children who have fallen while fighting for its cause, free from all the worst evils of war. • If it perseveres to the end in the path of honor and duty; if the fire in which it is now glowing, and the blood shed in common on so many battle-fields, shall weld and harden the Northern States indis solubly into one people, then the war will be, in the truest sense, successful, even if we fail in regaining the whole South. It is not the extent of territory that makes the true greatness of a nation, it is united and harmonious councils, a common send- - meat of duty, that submission of each and every part to the will of the whole, by which law displaces violence, and order grows out of confusion. But if we become, when the war is at an end, what the doctrines of Mr. Calhoun and his disciples would make us, a mosaic of fragments, a country to which no man can wisely give his affections, because no man can tell how soon it may be resolved into its I constituent elements by the magic wand of an ordi wince of secession ; if our first and highest thought, our sole bond of union is to be the consideration by what route each section can best reach a market, or where it can most advantageously sell its wares ; if this is to be from time to time determined by con ventions, called and voting under those influences of • force andfrand, which are even now arising like exh fallow from the ground, at the voice olfaction ; if the choice of to-day can be recalled to-morrow, at the prompting of popular caprice or political ambition ; lf, in short, the tie which should bind the members of a nation as indissolubly together as those of a family is to be exchanged for a series of alliances, such as Mr. Hughes proposes, discord and confusion will take the place of the tranquility that has pre vailed hitherto, and help must be sought from above, for there would be little here below. Civil war would probably follow, and a state of suffering en sue, far greater than that which we have seen at the South, because the struggle would be, not between different sections, but from county to county, from township' to township, perhaps from street to street. If Schuylkill, Lehigh, Berke, or Montgomery, could indeed be brought to sanction an ordinance declaring ' that the Union that now binds us together is de stroyed, the outrage would, we may feel sure, be iodated by Chester, Delaware, Lancaster, and Allegheny. The city of New York might be ar rayed at the same time against the State, by a renewal of the conspiracy which is known to have existed in the spring of 1861. Confederate troops might be called in on one side, those of New England on the other, and the whole result in a contest fought out with the characteristic obstinacy of the Anglo axon, of which no man now living would se•the 4E lT kt2 l 3VYtNiJitrlr i tl ii may endure when the contest is not confined to indiL viduals,and lies between organized and warring. States. Now, as then, the South is arrayed against the North, and if the fires of religious bigotry are wanting, their place is supplied by ideas equally po tent for good and ill—the hatred of race, the sense of the violated rights of man, the attachment for prescriptive right, and the belief that the country cannot be preserved .unless prescription is broken down, each appealing to, and finding a response in, the strongest instincts of human nature. Our only escape from these and the other dangers by which we are menaced consists in refusing to listen to the counsels of those who would persuade us that secession and disorganiiation are remedies for the evils which Secession has caused, in remem bering that the Union which we have is as priceless as the - Union which we have lost, and more ne cessary to our safety, because the surrounding perils are greater, and in feeling Sure that no section can be false to the common cause without ruin to itsel; and perhaps to all the others. Jefferson Davis has received the plaudits of Mr. Gladstone for making the scattered States of the South into a great na tion. Let us not suffer the nation which was con- tided to our care by our fathers, and which It is our duty to hand down teem children, to be broken up at the bidding of local jealousy and selfish ambition. Here, at the North, among those who have been true to the country and its flag, - can the American people alone be found. The Confederates have forfeited their claim to the name of Americans by taking up arms, not as rebels merely, for rebellion may mean reform and amelioration, but for the dismem berment and ilmttruction of the land that gave them birth: The sod - on which they stand is ours—the heritage of the nation—but they themselves have become, as far as in them lies, a foreign people. Our destiny is in our own hands, in the use which we make of the opportunities within our grasp—not with Georgia, South Carolina, or Alabama. We have not yet sunk so low that we must necessarily perish, unless we can force or persuade the South to retrace their steps and live with us as part of the same nation. That twenty millions of people, in a territory five times as large as that of France, Should depend for prosperity and greatness on the course pursued by an extraneous and hostile population, would, if it were true, be an instance unparalleled in history, of imbecility and weakness. The real injury inflicted onus by the rebellion does not arise from parting with the mixed, disloyal, and ' population of whites and negroes, that inhabit the greater part of the South, nor even in the loss of territory, which, in our abundance, we could well spare; but from the establishment of a foreign power on our borders, and . the opportunity given to men like Mr. Hughes to imitate , South ern example, and tench disunion her. Our duty is, therefore, not only plain, but, if we are true to ourselves, within our power to ac complish. The war must be prosecuted with vigor until we are victors in the contest, and able to dictate the terms on which it shall terminate. But we must at the same time use every means to strengthen the . ties which bind the Northern States together, and establish our nationality on too firm a basis to be uprooted by faction, or shaken by disaster. Weshall then be secure against the worst evils, those from within, and have little to fear from the utmost ef forts of the foe without. For this purpose the con currence of men of all parties is requisite; the coun try cannot be saved unless Democrats and Republi cans unite for its preservation. The existence of parties is inherent in, perhaps essential to, free go vei nment, and we cannot reasonably expect the De mocratic party to give up its political 'organization, and come forward as adherents of a Been - lateen Ad ministration. But we may ask, and the country has a right to require, that their opposition shall notex ceed those'limits which are consistent with the safe ty and existence of thenation, and shall not be guided and controlled by men whose chief aim is to,sow the seeds of discord and disorganization, and destroy that Union of the loyal States, in one Government, which is our only safeguard against anarchy and ci vil war. ' • °I V'S. An Anonymous iirarninp To the Editor of The Press: Sue : Inasmuch as you are laboring under a mis apprehension as to the reason for excluding out eiders from the meeting of the Democratic Club last evening, I beg leave to inform you that it was done because the object of the meeting was for the con sideration of the rules and regulations pertaining exclusively to the organization of the club. I am very glad, however,,that you have given publicity to the speeches made after the business was concluded. You are entirely wrong in supposing that we were afraid to let the people know - what was going on; on the contrary, we court public attention to, the matter, knowing that the majority of right•minded men will sustain all that WAS said. There is no fear of arrest on our part; provost marshals give us very little uneasiness. We shall have something more to say, if they attempt any more of their outrages ; and as you are so zealous and persistent in your effbrta to provoke your masters to a repetition of them, I will say this much—that you, and, perhaps, some of your coadjutor., will play a part not altogether to your liking, in such an event. You will realize the full benefit of the suspension of habeas corpus; and The Press will have to go begging for its occlusions' con tributions, unless you prefer to submit them to the inspection of a Democratic Committee of Safety. If we have no rights under the law, we shall assert them outside of it. So, play away. Upon your head be the responsibility for any outrages you may provoke. You will find that some things can be done as well as others, and that, too, without the aid of a Provost Guard. You will not have to deal with any more Bohemia. Now, then, send on ybur soldiers, and take the "traitors," if you have any desire to realize the pleasures of "solitary confinement," tempered by the mercies of an outraged and insulte MO d people. DECRACY. Ice for the Stek. To the Editor of The Press: • SIR /le there is now a probability of ice being obtained, is it not a timely suggestion that a stock of this indispensable article be provided for the use of the hospitals and the sick poor of the city during the next eummerl An appropriation might be made by Councils, or contributions be readily obtained for this purpose, and a - building be hired on the Schuylkill, from which ice could be dispensed under suitable regula tions, (perhaps by the Sanitary Commission,) instead of depending on the chance of a short supply and consequent high price that may prevail, , . .1. am, respectfully, your sobedient permit, ! PinLADittrna, Feb. 4,4863. . • S. NORTH ATLANTIC SQUADRON, HEAVY NAVAL ENGAGEMENT OFF CHARLESTON A Bold Foray by the Rebel Iron clads. 4Vs*of -3J).olL4%eial IMtDI IJtTii $tW A Official Reports or Com. Ingraham and Gen. Beauregard. TUE UNION FLEET RETURNS REINFORCED, Blockade of Charleston Harbor Resumed. The " Mereedita” and Another ~ Gunboat Reported:have been Sunk—Four VuiouGunboats said to have - been Set on Fire-7Tbm her City is Disabled, Surrenders, and t he, • . &de. From the Richmond Dispatch of Monday, Fehru . atV sti we take the following startling and important news; which, however, is soniewhat unsatisfactory and contradictoryAn itself. Let it he taken cum grano satisi until weJtear from Admiral Lee, whose official report we May look for to-day. THE REBEL. REPORTS CHARLESTON, S. C., Jan. 31, 1863. The two iron-clad gunboats Ohicora and Palmetto State, with three steamers as tenders, went out be 'yond the bar at one o'clock this morning to attack the blockading fleet. Firing began , soon after one, and for a time was very, rapid and continuous. Af terwards it slackened, but continued at intervals un-. til nine o'elock . this morning. Owing to the fog the reiult has not yeibeen ascertained. Commander Ingraham is aboard the Palmetto State as commander of the expedition. , [SECOND DESPATCH.] AL'ESTOSti Jan. al, 186.3.—This morning the gunboats Palmetto State, Captain Rutledge, and Chicora, Captain Tucker, accompanied by three small steamers—the General . Clinch, Ethenn, and. Chesterfield-all under the command of Commodore Ingraham, made an attack on the blockaders, and succeeded in. sinking Ilea and crippling a third. The engagement commenced at four o'clock. The Palmetto State, with Commodore Ingraham on board, opened tire upon the Federal gunboat Pifer cedita, carrying eleven guns and one hundred and fifty-eight men, which was soon sunk in five fathoms of water. Her commander, Captain Stellwagen, with a boat's crew, came on board and surrendered. One shot pierced her boiler, going clear through. Captain 'Stellwagen and crew were paroled by Commodore Ingraham. Captain Tucker, of the Chicora, reports sinking another Federal gunboat and 11w disabling of the steam ship Quaker City. The latter was set on fire by the Chicora, and hauled down her flag to surrender, but afterwards managed to escape, using only one wheel. She was very seriously damaged. The number of the blockading fleet outside at the time of the attack was thirteen, with two first-class frlgateathe Susquehanna and Canandaigua. The Federal loss was vcry'scoerc.' It was a complete success on our Part, with not a man hurt • Our• gunboats u-er•e not even struck. All the blockaders have disappeared. There is not one to be seen within five miles with the strongest _kind of glasses. Our boats are now returning to Charleston. The following is the official despatch : TILE REBEL OFFICIAL REPORT OE BOARD GUNBOAT PALMETTO STATE.—I went out last night. This vessel struck the hiercedita, when she sent a boat on board and surrendered. The officers and crew were paroled. Capt. Tucker thinks he sunk one vessel and set another on fire, when she struck her flag. The blockading fleet had gone to southward and eastward out of sight. D. N. INGRATIA.M, Flag Officer Commanding. [THIRD DESPATCH.] CnAnr.ss.ron, Jan. 31, 1863,—0ur gunboats Pal metto State and Ohicora have reached the wharves. They were enthusiastically cheered by an immense concourse of citizens, who h.d assembled to greet them: Salutes were tired from the forte and bat teries. Not a man was hurt on our side, and our gunboats were not struck by the enemy. Our attack on the feet was a complete surprise to the blockaders, each one running away without caring for the others. It is supposed that nearly all of the crew of the Mer- Cetilia perished. The Palmetto State, which engaged the Mercedita, having no boats, and fighting at the time, could ren der her no assistance. The Quaker City was struck twice, and one of her side•wheela almost torn or. [FOUILTH DESPATCH.] CHARLESTON, Feb. 4, 1863.—General Beanreganl and Commodore Ingraham, RS commanders of the land and naval forces, have issued a joint proclama tion, dated. January 31, declaring the blockade of hostile muaaron having been sunk, burned, or disperse wyme - saprfor ItaVaryormy,. the Confederacy. Yesterday afternoon Gen. Bcouregard placed a steamer at the disposal of the foreign consuls to see for themselves that no blockade existed. The French and Spanish consuls, accompanied by Gen. .Ripley, accepted the invitation. The British consul, with the commander of the British war steamer Petrel, had previously gone five miles be yond the usual anchorage of the blockaders, and could see nothing of them with glasses. Late in the evening four blockaders reappeared, keep ing far out. This evening a large number of block aders arc in sight, but keep steam up, evidently ready to s7/73. [THE LATEST DESPATCIL] CHARLESTON, Feb. 1, 1863.-01f/dal Proclamal ion.- 1 - I.EADQVARTEM, LARD AND NAVAL FORCE 9. Charleston, S. C., Jan. 81, 1883.—About five o'clock this morning the Confederate States' naval force on this atationittacked the United States blockading fleet off the harbor of the city of Charleston, and Bunk, dispersed, or drove off and out of sight, for the time, the entire hostile fleet. Therefore, we, the undersigned, commanders re. spectively of the Confederate States naval and land forces in this quarter, do hereby formally declare the blockade by the United Stales of the said city of Charles ton, S. C., to be raised by a superior force of the Confede rate Slates, from and after this 3131 day of January, d. . 0. G. T. BEA.UREGARD, • • General Commanding. • D. N. INGRAHA.M, Flag Meer commanding Naval Forces in South. Carolina. Official: Tliomaa ronbAN, Chief of Staff The results of the naval engagements yesterday are, Iwo ersreir sunk, fora• set onfi re, and the. remaiader driven away. The foreign consuls here held a meeting last night, and were unanimously of the opinion- that the blockade had been legally-raised. Twenty blockaders are off the bar to-day. Other very important movements are in progress here. . THE NEWS IN PETERSBURG PET Eli sn uno,lra., Feb. I.—The news from Charles ton creates great joy here. THE NEWS IN FREDERICESBURd; TIF.ADQIIARTERB ARXT OF THE FOTO:NW:7 i Feb. 3. —Parties who crossed the .river yesterday, under flag of truce, state that the rebels in Fredericksburg were very Jubilant over the news from Charleston, among which was the official proclamation of Gen. Beauregard and Commodore Ingraham, declaring the biockake at. Charleston raised. Great cheering was heard among the rebel soldiers in the town, and a brass band was playing in the court house. Our pickets on this aide of the river were hailed by those on the opposite bank and as sured that the war would be closed within a month. 11 The game is up with you now,". said they. • SKETCHES OF THE DISABLED VESSELS. Tat treaTirD STAMPS GUNBOAT MERCEDITA. The propefier gunboat Mercedita was designed and built us 1661, by Mr. Edward Lupton, at Wil liamsburg, Long Island, and was intended for the New York and Havana Steam Navigation Com pany to run between New York, Havana, and Texas. The hull was put together in the strongest manner. The first advent at sea, of the lilercedita was made on the 11th of June, 186!, when she went on a trial trip for the purpose oftesting her engines, and made upwards of ten knots per hour, with from sixty to sixty-five revolutions per minute, and con suming at the rate of only eight to nine tons of coal per day.. She was 1,070 tons' register, and Is rated Al* in the American Lloyds. When the Mercedita was finished and ready for sea the Government bought her, and made extensive alterations, so as to fit her for a first-class gunboat On the sth ecember, '1561, she Was put in commission at the Brooklyn navy yard, and soon after sailed on a cruise to the Gulf. For some time she was stationed off Pass a P.Outre, In company with the gunboat Winona., where, by their unceasing activity, they prevented any of the numerous.ileet of steamers at New Orleans from leaving, with their valuable cargoes, 'by that pass. Observations were made almost daily, in tugboats from New Orleans, of the chances of escape through this pass. One attempt was made to run three ves sels out ;.but they-were forced to be run ashore, and destroyed by burning. At this pass she was joined by the steamer Brooklyn, and they succeeded in cap turing the valuable steamer Magnolia. At the time of the formation of the two Gulf squadrons, the Prercedita was attached to the Eastern division, and ordered to Apalachicola. The particulars of. the capture of that place, together with seven vessels (three of which were burned), by this vessel and the gunboat Sitgamore, have been made public. This event placed in our possession one of the most im portant points in Florida. Proceeding to Key West, she was assigned a cruisingground off Abaco, where, iu four months, she captured three vessels of an ag gregate value of - $1,500,000, among them the . noto rious Bermuda, and earned for herself the title of "The Terror of the Gulf." She mounted nine guns, and had about two hundred men. The following is n list of the officers of the Mereedita • Commander—Henry S. Stellwagen. Lieutenant and Executive Offioer—Trevett Ab bott. - - - - - - - Acting Masters—Chas. B. Wilder, Chas. H. Bat win, E. J. Gower, John Dwyer. Acting Assistant Surgeon—C. R. Mason. Acting Assistant Paymaater—T. C. Stellwagen. Senior Enzineer--Alex. Daig. Acting Third Assistant Eneneers—S. Hockieller J. A. Munger, E. Martin. Captain's Clerk—G. P. Randall. Acting Master's Mates--G...1: Sterns, E,Roge . Paymaster's ClerlcAugustus Perrot.. : Hospital Steward—G. Beanke.... • • . • THE 'UNITED STATES4II:7O24 9,W 29:",i1a4.1' The side-wheel gunboat Qtiaker'oltir ivitb this city, and is 1,428 tons registet:' She heel, side lever engine, with a cylinder of eighty-eight indheli• in diameter and six feet stroke of piston., She ran between Philadelphia and Havana for some and was then purchased by parties in• - -New .Ydrk; . and kept on• the route between that city and . Ha vana until she was bought by the United States 00; vernment, since which time she has been in active service, end owing to her great speed has been of great gervice to the country. She was one of the first vessels bought by the Government at the break ing out of the war, owing to her reputation as a feat The Quaker City was ethployed during the greater part of the year 1861 in blockading service on the Chesapeake. 'ln the summer of 1862 she was en gaged in blockading and cruising in the Gulf, and made some valuable captures, one of which was the rebel steamer Adela, which she captured off Abaco. She arrived at Ke West on the 26th of 'July last, having in tow the British schooner Orion, which she took while cruising on the Campeaelty bank.' From the Gulf the Quaker City repaired to Phila delphia, where she was overhauled. On the 4th of October she sailed from that port for the Gulf, and on or about the lath or 11th of the same month she fof ashore off North Edisto; but was extricated rom her perilous position without receiving much The Quaker City has a'crew of about two hundred. men, and mounts nine guns. , The following list of officers were attached to her in October last: - Commander—James Madison Frailey. Lieutenant and Executive Officer—Samuel L Acting Masters—Bartlett J. Cronnville, U. S. H.; Horatio Blanchard, T. Durham. Acting Paymaster—Henry J. Bullay. 'Acting Assistant Engineers—George W. 'Farrar, John L. Teaks., Peter Robinson, J. Tennant, Thos. . Anal' !g. Master's Mates—Chas. A. Crawford, Lind ey H. Livingston, D. H. Danville. Commander's Clerk—Corm F. Smith. Gunner—Wm. H. Hamilton. Paymaster's Clerk—Alonzo Nadine. Hospital Steward—Wm. McComb. SKETCH OF COM. DUNCAN N. INGRAHAM, OF THE CONFEDERATE NAVY Commodore Duncan N.. Ingraham, who is over sixty years of age, is the son of the late Nathaniel Ingraham, Esq., of Chafieston'„ S. C., and belongs i to a family eminently naval in re character., 9.11 of them, With one exception, were officers in the navy. llis father, being the intimate friend of Captain Paul Jones, volunteered under his command, when be left France in the Bon Elomme Richard, in 1779, and fought with him in the battle with the British frigate tierapis, one of the most desperate actions in the annals of naval warfare. Captain D. N. Ingraham reeeived his midshtp- ITIRIPs warrant at the age of nine years, on the IBth of June, 1812, during the /ant war with Great-Bri tain.-Since then he has, most of the time, been em ployed in active duty. He commanded the Somers in the blockade duty - at Vera Cruz and oilier parts of the Gulf during the whole of the Mexican war, and being prostrated by sickness, was sent home but - a short time before she was lost. For two years previous to his sailing for the - 'Medi terranean in the St. LouiS he was attached to the navy yard at thiseity. He was in command of the St. Louis in 1858 in the harbor of Smyrna, when he made his name so fa mous in connection with the Costa exploit while at that port. lie bearded the lion in his den, demand ing and obtaining from the Austrian Government the release of. Costa as an American citizen. On the 15th of September, 1855, he was promoted to a captaincy, and atter an interval of inactivity was, on the 10th of March, 1856, attached to the Bureau of Ordnance as its Wel. He held this position at a salaryof $3,500 a year, when the rebellion broke out, when he, like many other traitors, forsook the flag under which he had so long fought, and through which he had received many honors, to join the .cause of the rebels. - Captain Ingraham married Harriet Rutledge Lau rens, of South Carolina, granddaughter, on the. paternal side, of Henry Laurens, the President of the first Continental Congress, and who afterward was captured by a British frigate while on his way to France as American commissioner, and confined for a long time in. the Tower of London. On the maternal aide she is the granddauchter of Edsiard Rutledge, one of the signers or the Deelaraticin of independence. His eldest son, Henry Laurens In- graham, was a lieutenant of the Marine Corps when the rebellion broke out. It is a curious circumstance that, by intermarriage with the American family, the Ingraham blood flows in the veins of some of the most distinguished officers of the British navy. Among these was the late Captain Marry:at, L. 8., (the author,) and Sir Ed ward Belcher, K. C. B, who commanded the explo ring expedition round the world; and who, in 1853, commanded the arctic expedition, sent out by the British Admiralty, in search of Sir John Franklin. .The grandmother of botb these officers was an Ingra ham, the near relative oT Commodore Ingraham. SICETCH OF CAPTAIN EUTLEDGE The rebel Captain John Rutledge was formerly an officer of the. United States navy. He is a native and citizen of South Carolina, from which State he was appointed to the navy on the 9th of Apttl, 1835. On the 21st of June, lan, he was warranted as a past midshipman ; and on the 7th of January, 1319, was promoted to a lieutenancy, which rank he held when the rebellion broke out. Up to that time he had been nearly twenty-six years in the United States service, eighteen years of which had been spent at sea, three on shore and other duty, and the remainder unemployed. He had seen a fair amount of service under the stars and stripes, and had now fired upon that flag which had protected him, and whichhe has so disgraced. ARMY OF THE MISSISSIPPI. Arrival of General Grant at Vicksburg—Our Forces actively at Work—Gunboat and Guerilla Fightnear 'lsland No.lo—A Battle at Fort llonelson—Latest from Northern Mississippi. - CATIZO, Feb. 8, 1863. Vicksburg dates to the 30th ult. have been received. General Grant had arrived. The work of widen ing and deepening the canal is progressing. The rebels have planted • a battery on the Mississippi shore which commands the lower end of the canal. The gunboat New Era was attacked on Sunday night at 11 o'clock, near Island No. 10, by guerillas with three pieces of cannon. The boat returned fire with shell. The conflict lasted till near daylight, when the rebels retired. Their force was believed to ee between two and three thousand. - The operator at Paducah reports that the com mand at Fort Donelson was attacked at an early hour this mornin g . At four this afternoon the en- E igemcnt was going on. Reinforcements have gone nrieuiticnrnono-ivni g - of-the §2d s`sye tliatZbng_ street, with thirteen brigades, has gone to Tennessee. WHAT OUR TROOPS ARE DOING. A. Vicksburg special of the 23d says the enemy landed from transports below Young's Point. Twenty boats are now lying above the mouth of the canal. The troops can be seen from the city. Their tents and camp-fires are visible. This after noon occasional shells have been thrown from our batteries. The whole of the fleet is reported at Young's Point. A considerable force has been landed and marched across.the peninsula to a point opposite Warrenton, where they are encamped. They are in a position to communicate with the troops horn below on the Louisiana side, should the latter be able to pass Port 'Hudson. • A stream of water is now moving through the canal, dug across the peninsula last •sumnter, from two to four Feet in depth, the current being about two miles per hour' ' but there is not much chance, it is thought, for its soon widening the channel, from the hardness of the soil and the peculiarly sloping sides. After our troops had taken up their position on the Louisiana shore, the little ferry - boat Desoto, from the other shore, landed in the log, and her crew and four other persons were captured. MOVEMENTS OF THE REBELS. Nothing has been heard of the battery near Island No. at since its firing on the steamer Warsaw. A. gunboat is lying near Greenville. There is no dan ger of land attacks in that vicinity. A considerable rebel force visited Forrest Hill, near Memphis, on Thursday last, dressed in Federal uniforms, and were making ready to hang citizens sapected of Unionism, when their character was discovered, and they were dispersed by residents. A gin house and several bales of cotton were burned the same day at Moscow. The 7th Kansas went in pursuit, and had not returned at latest ac . counts. The object of the rebels seems to be to force on our lines and strike for the Tennessee and Coin berland rivers, for the improvement and defence of which the Confederate Government has appropri ated nine million of dollars. Once in the possession of these streams a large army will be precipitated on Rosecrans' front, to cut of Grant's supplies in the rear. • AFFAIRS IN NORTHERN MISSISSIPPI Advicee have been received irom Jackson, Miss., to the 22d, and Grenada to the 26th. . . . . There has- been a very large concentration of the rebel forces all along the line between Jackson and Grenada, and toward Oxford. At Grenada alone the rebel is estimated at upward of 50,000. The place has been strongly fortified, and they now boast that it cannot be taken by any force which can be brought against it. A large force has been engaged in repairing the railroad from Oxford to Holly Springs. Three brigades of this force were last heard from between the Tallahatchie and Holly Springs. repairing the track. Last Saturday morn ing Van Dorn, with eight brigades, embracing ca valry, infantry, and artillery, left Grenada for the North, via CotTeecille, to which point he would pro ceed by railroad. His destination is said to be Arem phis, but we suspect he is striking for the Cherie& ton railroad, and points beyond. It is supposed the rebels have been strongly reinforced from Richmond and other points, and have transferred the real thea tre of war from the capital to the southwest border, Hence their immense force and unexampled ac, tivity.. A despatch from Rodney, Miss., on the 22d, reports the repulse of two hundred Federal cavalry, who were surprised by the Confederates near Carthage, La. The Federal colonel was mortally wounded. The Dlississippi militia are being called out by the Governor. Vicksburg correspondence asserts that rebel batte ries control the river for fifteen miles. Intelligence has just been received that, on Tues day, a skirmish occurred near Centre Hill, DeSoto county, Miss., between Texas Rangers and Federal cavalry. Several were killed on each side. The Federals retired, and were not pursued. Two regi ments were sent to Centre Hill that day to lay the country in waste. REBEL Accourrrs FROM VICKSBURG The Richmond Dispatch of the 2d inst. gives, as the latest news from Vicksburg, the following. It is to Friday last, the 30th ult. : CTelliactuu to Iticlimond Dispatch. Mohr.),, Jan. at 18.63.—The Advertiser and &lis ter has a despatch dated Vicksburg, 90th inst., which says the scouting parties appeared this morn ing on the river bank opposite Vicksburg and burned four houses under the range of our batteries. They are supposed. to be erecting batteries opposite the town. There are no new movements among the fleet. THE NEW ARCHBISHOP OF PARlS.—Mon seigneur 'Matey, Bishop of Nancy, has been named Archbishop 'of Paris. AI. Darboy, on the 10th of January, codipleted his 50th year. He was ordained priest in 1636. He filled for three years the chair of philosophy, and subsequently that of dogmatic theology in the College of Langres. These functions being transferred by the Bishop of the diocese to members of a religious order, Darboy quit ted the diocese, and came to Paris in 1846, when he was appointed by Archbishop Atlre chaplain to the College of Henri IV. and ho norary Canon of Noire Dame. Subsequently he was named by Archbishop Sibour honorary Vicar General and inspector of religious instruction of the diocese. He accompanied the Archbishop to Rome in 1864, and was presented to the Pope, who named him Prothonotary Apostolic. On the ap pointment of Bishop hlerdin to the archiepiscopal see of Bourges, 111. Darboy succeeded him in the see of Nancy. The new Archbishop is a man of culti vated mind and of extensive erudition. He has edited and published various works, mostly relating to religion, and his translation of the " Imitation of Christ" is highly spoken of. He carried on a long controversy, in pamphlets, with the Abbt Combelet, who, an eloquent preacher and writer, was supposed to have a tendency to the doctrines of Lamennaia. Monseigneur Darboy is a Galilean on principle; and all admit his learning, zeal, and piety. The choice, therefore, is considered excellent. • MAESIIAL SOULT'S career ie a glorious evi dence of the opportunity given in the French army for true merit to win rank and renown. Entering the army at the age of sixteen,Soult was a private soldier in 1785, corporal in 1797, sergeant in 1791, ad jutant major in 1792, captain in 1783, chef-de-batta lion, chef and general of brigade in 1794, general of division in 1799, lieutenant general, of the army of 'ltaly in 1800, of..the army 011ie South n 1801, and a marshal of Frame in .1803: lie was the favorite general of Napoleon, who said to him just before the 'commencement of the battle of Austerlitz: "Marshal Soult, my only instrtlotion to you is, act as you always have done." THREE CENTS; THE PIRATE ORETO. Details of her Entrance Into Mobile Hailyor and Subsequent Escape—lneffectual Chase by our Vessels. (Special Correspondence of The Press) - DlolstLe; ENTRANCE, January 17, 1863 After two months of watchful expectation, and, I may say, ceaseless anxiety, the blockading fleet here stationed. has been both gratified and disappointed. Yesterday morning the noted rebel steamer " Oreto," that obtained entrance to Mobile by her daring boldness in broad daylight, effected her escape by parallel hardihood. The details of the advent of Pirate No. 2 will, no doubt, prove interesting, and are as follows: On Thursday, about 1 P, M., a fog that had hung over the bay all day was suddenly dispelled by a change in the wind, and a long, row, rakish little bark-rigged steamer discovered at anchor behind Fort Morgan, and about four miles distant. It need ed but a glance to recognize her, and but a single thought to fathom her purpose. Commodore Hitch cock, of the Susquehanna, the senior ollicer.present, immediately stationed his weasels nearer together, and in what he conceived to be the best manner to receive her and prevent her egress. 13y the assistance of the steamer Pembina, this was accomplished be fore nightfall, and every ship notified of the rebel in tention, and instructed to keep a special lookout, a full head of steam,aod cables ready for slipping, The steam sloop Oneida—that permitted her to get in— and the R. R. Cuyler, being the swiftest vessels in the fleet, were especially detailed to chase her. The steamer Pembina, from the peculiar nature of her duties,was also assigned to the pursuit. It had been blowing heavy ales from the S. E. and S. W. for nearly 30 hours previously, and such a tremendous sea was running that the water broke on the bar in places four fathoms deep, and few thought that she would risik the passage on such a stormy night; but vigilance never slacked, and it was well that it did not, for a little after three o'clock yesterday (Friday) morning, a lookout on the Pembina saw a low, dark object,' moving rapidly seaward. The fleet was at once alarmed by means of Goaton's night signals, and in ten minutes the R. R. euyler and Pembina were in full chase. The " Oreto," for such it was, had nearly fifteen minutes start, which, as the night was dark, car ried her ont of sight; but our vessels pressed on in the direction she was last seen, and at daylight. sighted her nearly eight miles distant, making a "bee line" for thsWeat ladies, under a tremendous pressure of .steam and canvas. The Ouyler crowded all sail and bounded along after her; but the Pem bina, after speaking a transport ship, the Pocahon tas, bound to Ship Island with troops, to the dismay of her officers and crew, turned hack. Why this strange move was enacted is not known here; but it is presumed that her captain, who is considered one of the finest officers in the service, will-.be able to exonerate himself in his official report from re• ceiving culpability. As the Cuyler has not yet returned, it is not known whether success or defeat crowned her efforts. The powerful armament of the Oreto has caused many to fear that she may not be able to cope with her, and a repetition of the Hatteras affair be the sad result. I trust we may be spared such a disaster, but freely confess our anxiety. Should these disagreeable fore bodings be realized, it may subject the commodore to much censure for not adopting more effective MCA cures to prevent her coming out, instead of so many to chase her oiler passing through the flee 1 ; also, the cap tain of the Oneida for failing to obey his orders and make chase, and the commander of the Pembina for turning back when in full sight of the enemy. Cap tain Hazard is an old officer of the regular navy, and has had command of the unfortunate Oneida but a few days. .T.am LIARS 23.—Up to this 'date . nothing has been heard of the Cuyler nor of the Oneida, which left last Saturday afternoon, in search of the former, and under orders to Rey West, to inform Rear Ad miral Bailey of the recent "violation of the block ade." Yesterday morning a deserter from the rebel gunboat Morgan, now in Mobile Bay, was picked up at sea, in an open boat, by the gunboat Pembina. From him we have learned that the Oreto, or, as she is now called, the Florida, made three different at tempts to get out before accomplishing her object. The first was on Monday night, the 12th inst., when she approached the bar, but, for some unknown reason, returned. The next time she left the fort early on Wednesday evening, and was nearly clear, when she suddenly grounded, hard and fast, on Sand Island. She remained there until 3A. DI., within a mile or two of the fleet, and was not floated off until the gunboat Morgan came down and removed her guns. That same night it blew so strongly from the southeast that the blockading gunboat Pembina, in side the bar, was obliged to get under way, and steam out into deeper water, at twelve o'clock, 'and at that time the Oreto was within half a mile of her. The last and successful . efibrt was made on Thursday night. She left Fort Morgan at ten P. M., and passed between the Susquehanna and /t R. Ouyler at 3.15 Friday morning. She has a crew of one hundred and seventy men and twenty five marines. The former are mostly seamen, and were shipped in New Orleans. Jack Maine (ex : lieutenant U. S. N.) is her commander, and is said to bee determined man. She . resembles the Ala bama very _much—and will, no doubt, lose very ztcaao- a r t ...-I.aose rw:_ Pit rit -finin. If the - two vessels work together they may cause our isolated blockading vessels to tremble worse thanthe New Yoik Chamber of Commerce. Yours, C. NEW YORK CITY. (Special correspondence of The Press.] NEW Yoax, February 3, 1863 OUR NEXT SENATOR, in place of the Hon. Preston King, whose term has expired, is to be ex-Governor Morgan, as your cor resrondent had predicted before the nominating caucus was fairly at work. The selection is hardly such a one as would have been made were the Re publican party of this State as thoroughly harmoni ous in its internal relations as the undiegnimied tactics of its opponents should teach it to be ; but Mr. Mor gan is at least a dignified gentleman and a man of 'education, and he will scarcely humiliate the State he helps to represent in the Senate by any offensive or perverse obtrusion of his rather slow " conserve tive" sentiments. Like the . gentleman he succeeds, he will probably fill the Senatorial position with distinguished silence ; thereby winning great respect for himself as a most profound thinker, and gaining the affections of every loud talker on the floor as the very best of listeners. Dickinson would have quoted poetry to advantage—Raymond Would have beaten every rival in debate—Everts would have distin guished himself in • moral essays—David D. Field would have made many friends, but Morgan will ao complisn more than all by figuring as a model of in expressible deportment. In all the land I know of nothing quite as respectable as ex-Governor Mor gan. In hie presence you feel that it would be no thing less than an unnatural sin to even imagine any earthly objection against anything so entirely respectable—such an incarnation of unexceptionable deportment. The Democratic caucus have done well in refusing to nominate an opponent to the over whelming ex-Governor; for none but Thurlow Weed could hare the matchless endurance to make the least stand against so much respectability, and it is reported that Thurlow respectfully said, when sounded as to' hie willingness to take a desk in the Senate, that "nothing could induce him to take a seat in that body." CERTAIN MILITARY MOVEMENTS in the military department of which this city is the operative base, indicate either that some new expe dition is being secretly prepared here, or thatthe Go v,ernment ie making ready for such a coup in its own behalf against domestictraitors as should have been accomplished long ago. Now that the latter have grown so bold by mistaken indulgence as to have a disciplined and powerful organization in full work ing order, with passwords, messengers, and resources for fire-arms, it would be necessary for the Govern ment to have from five to ten thousand troops at call should it.design arresting any, or all, of those traitorous editors and other parties who are certain ly marked for justice. Brooks, of the Express, utter ed no vain threat when he talked about thousands of armed men being ready to release, by force, from Fort Lafayette any Democrat who should be car ried thither by an order from Washington, and I sincerely trust that, while Gen. Wool is preparing the harbor of New York against a possible incident of possible foreign troubles, he.will also be sure to secure under him a sufficiently. strong provost guard 'to quell the "popular tumult" likely to break out in our streets on any day. THE ELEMENTS OF RIOT are being fostered and fast developed here by nothing more surely than the malignant daily at tacks of the traitor editors upon the national finan cial system, and the consequent depreciation of all paper money. If the nation can be made bankrupt quickly enough, the war must stop, and to thin end the audacious revolutionists are now directing all their energies. Workmen in all the different trades. are striking.. for higher wages, and generally get them, but such increase of means is far front pro portionate to the continual rise hi the prices of all the necessaries of life. A paper dollar is now esti mated at only a little over linty cents, by merchants, grocers, and two will scarcely buy the sugar for breakfast, or the linen for shirts, that one would procure two months ago. Of course, those who strike for higher wages cannot expect to get double what they did before, though the paper dollars in which they are paid are not, practically, worth half the amount they nominally represent, so that as the disproportion between the increase of wages. and the increasing cost of living grows greater, it will be harder and harder for the poor man to live, and the feeling of popular discontent will grow more and more ductile, at the, hands of those who. arc plotting the downfall of the Administration. How much longer it will be prudent to let the letter go on un disturbed in their fiendish work, let the Government decide. A NOBLEMAN'S SON has been discovered in the person of a poor wreck of humanity calling himself Arthur Showoross,who died in a tit of delirium tremens yesterday morning, at it shabby house in Elizabeth street. His father, from whom he had received two thousand pounds just before hie death, is an English nobleman, re. siding in London. Since his arrival in this country, a short time age, Showoross had led a life of reck less dissipation, squandering his ample means in various excesses, and finally came to living in the poor retreat where his life has ended so miserably. The remains are to be so interred that the family in England may be able to recover them. POISONING FROM RYE OOPPEp : . . has occurred' in a German family of eighepiiraona, residing in Amity street, and than& none of the THE WAR PRESS,. (PUBLISHED WEEKLY.) Tax Wert Poona will be neat to embacribent by mall (per artaxtu to advance) at $l.OO Five " " 0.00 Ten " " « 17.00 T w e rag Copies" 32.00 Larger Cl abs than Twenty will be charged at the some rate. $1.60 per copy. The money must attenag aceompar.g theorder, and in no ingtattor can these terms be &stater/from, en they afford very Wits more than the cost of the paper. Ira` Postmadero are re2aented to act os Oacida for Tee WAR Paseo ift6" To the getter.ms of a Club of ten or twenty, as extra copy of the Paper will be given. victims hare died, the effect of the event is to create great consternation in thousands of households where the cereal substitute has been steadily used since the genuine article became over-expensive. The health-officer, who took cognizance of the cane, has found, upon examination, so much that in poisonous in the •rye coffee commonly Bold, that itir further sale is for the present probibttexL It is given out that the poison comes from an admixture of the• seeder of certain poisonous weeds which are often found germinating in rye fields; but I am disposed to attribute it to a careless retention of the I , tope , of the rye itself, which are well known to be poi -8080118. Probably the family here mentioned chanced to get hold of some one package of the arti cle containing these deleterious accompaniments. MRS. TOM THUMB TO-BE will remove to an elegant suite of apartments at the Metropolitan Hotel on Saturday, there to remain until the eventful Tuesday, when the distinguished microscopic General will lead her to the altar. At preeent she is boarding very unostentatiously at Powers' Hotel, near the museum, attended only by a towering female servant. It was at this latter place that the General first met her, and the bowing, courtesying, and complimenting of the little crea tures on that occasion are said to have been like a glimpse of fashionable society through a reversed lorgnette. WENDELL PHILLIPS is to lecture on" Our Future," this evening, at the rev. Henry Ward Beecher's Church, in Brooklyn. His discourse on the "Lost Arts," at Cooper Insti tute, last night, was attended by the largest and finest lecture-audience of the season. It is a signi ficant fact, that the Tribune, which was formerly In the habit of barely tolerating Mr Phillips, now an nounces his lecture visits in its editorial columns, and praises them in the same place after they are delivered. THE NEW " SPINCLER" HOTEL, formerly the learned Abbott's famous female Semi nary, or Spingler Institute," was duly opened to the boarding public yesterday. It has accommoda tions for about 175 guests, and is luxuriously, though not extravagantly, furnished. Yesterday, also, the St. Nicholas Hotel passed into new hands, the prin cipal in-coming host being Mr. Spotts, formerly the captain of a steamboat running from Louisville to New Orleans on the Mississippi. THE POSTAL CURRENCY, in its "legal-tender" phase, is the subject of several cases at present before the courts, and will be die cussed by the moot court of Columbia College Law School next week. An election for chief engineer of the fire depart. ment of this city wilt be held to-night, when zdri John Decker, the present efficient incumbent, wW probably be re-elected. STUYVESANT. MISCELLANEOUS. A CURIOUS OASE.--A ease somewhat novel in its character is now on trial in Harrisburg. The Adams Express Company brings an action against the Hagerstown Bank for the recovery of upwards of $3,000, erroneously lurid to them. It appears that the E.xpress Company had received a package of money at Baltimore to be shipped to the Hagerstown Bank, containing upwards of 89,000, and whilst the parcel was in the office in Harrisburg upwards of $3,000 were abstracted, and paper placed in the par cel in place of the money so abstracted; the package was then resealed and forwarded to Hagerstown where It was duly delivered, and, upon opening it; discovered that a large amount had been abstracted. The company was notified of the occurrence, and paid the missing sum over to the bank. After this search was instituted for the person who had ab stracted the money, and in the course of a week it was discovered that a person employed in the office, who was subject toaberration of the mind, had taken the money and destroyed it, burning the same in Wetzel's swamp, about one mile above the city. It was clearly established that the notes destroyed were of the Hagerstown Bank, and the Expresa Company, therefore, alleged that the bank had sus tained very little loss by the destruction of theirovvn notes, and hence they ought to refund the amount paid to them. A BRAVE OFFICER.—The Government of In dia has resolved to construct an international tele graph of thrown, and Col. Patrick Stewart has been selected as general superintendent. According to a London journal, this officer is famous in India for personal daring, for unvarying success, and for a habit of getting killed. In 1858 he acconnanied Lord Clyde as Director General of Telegrapti into Oude, and however fast the Commander - in-Chief might march, by evening the electric telegraph was ready in his tent to communicate with Calcutta. One day Lord Clyde received a message from the Viceroy, running thus: "Do not let Pat Stewart be killed. He cannot be replaced." Raising his eyes, he saw the subject of the message sneaking out of camp, rife in hand, as a volunteer on a particularly dan gerous expedition. He was brought back. ." Con found you, sir," said the Chief, " what have you to do there] if you're killed, sir, by George, I'll ar rest you !" Once carried off by a tiger, once ripped up by a bear, once pronounced dead of cholera, 001. Stewart has seen more, done more, dared more than most men of twice his age, and has in India the re putation of making a habit of success. SECRETS OF FREE AIASONRY.—Free sonry, said Benjamin Franklin, I admit has its se crete. It has secrets peculiar to itself, but of what do these principally consist ? They consist of signs and tokens, which serve as testimonials of character and qualfficeions which are conferred after due course of instruction and examination ; they are of no small value; they speak a universal language, and are a passport to the support of the whole world. They cannot be lost so long as memory re tains its power.. Let the possessor of them be expa triated, shipwrecked, or imprisoned—let him be stripped of everything he has in the world—still thesecredentials remain, and are available for hirn ae circumstances may require. The good effects which limy produced are netabli.had by the incontestable facts of history. They have stayed the uplifted hand of the destroyer; they have softened the aspirations of the tyrant ; they have silbdued the rancor of ma levolence, and broken down the barrier of political animosity and sectional alienation. On the field of battle, in the solitudes of the uncultivated forest, or in the busy haunts of the crowded city, they have made men of most hostile feelings and the moat di versified conditions, rush to the aid of each other with special joy and satisfaction that they have been able to afford relief to a brother Mason. AN EXHUMED .CITY.—A most singular dis covery has been made on the French coast. near the mouth of the Garonne. A town has been discovered hurled in the sand, and a church has already been ex tracted from the sand. Its original plan shows it to have been built towards the close of theßornan Em pire, but changes made in ifhad given it the appear ance of an edifice of mixed style, in which Gothic architecture has usurped the place of the Roman. The original paintings, its admirable sculptured choir and Roman capitals, are adorned with pro fuse ornaments, which are attracting numbers of visitors- This -temple is all that remains of those cities described by Pliny and Strabo ;. the Gulf of Gascony abounds in ruins of these ancient cities. It has been 1,500 years since Novignmus, the old capi tal of lifedoc, which was a very celebrated cittyy when the Romans were masters of Gaul was burled under the ocean ; of all that tract of territory the Roche du Coplonon alone is visible. The remains of Roman 77. 7. de, the site of Jupiter's temple, the vestiges of the Spanish Moors, and the roads. to. Eleanor de Guyenne, have been rescued from the sands- in the neighborhood of the long-buried city of Soulac. No where have the erosions of the ocean been greater than on the coast of Gascony. ORIGIN OF PETROLEUM—Dr: I. B. Ed wards, in the Pharmaceutical 'Journal, remarks that the flow of oil from mineral springs is by no means new, either .to science or commerce. Herodotua has recorded that the Island of Zante furnished large quantities, while Pliny' and Illoscorides de scribe the oil obtained from Agrigentum, a small town of Sicily. The Persian springs f at Bakoum, have yielded to the value of $600,000 • annally ; and the earth oil, from Rangoon, in Thirmah, has been exported to the extent of 400,000 hogaheads yearly. The streets of Genoa and Amiens were formerly lighted with a petroleum obtained' from Parma. In 151; a spring was discovered York shire, which was successfully worked by Dlr. James Young, of Glasgow, until exhausted, when he turned his attention to the distillation of coal, and discovered paraffin oil. The marvellous oil springs of the new world, however, far surpass in extent and interest, allprevious discoveries ; and. the quan tities already yielded, without apparently diminish ing the supply, show that this will be a most import ant article of commerce for some yous •to -come.— English paper. A NEW POTATO.—A member of the Belgian. Central Society of Agriculture has recommended to the attention of the society a now variety of the po tato, which is remarkable in a triple point of view, of flavor, abundance, and facility of preservation. It appears to be a variety of whet is called chard.= In Belgium. Its stalk grows to the height of twelve inches and throws out many branches. The blossom is of a pale violet color, and produces no fruit. Astield of one acre of third-class quality, lightly manured,. produced 22,000 kilogrammes of sound. potatoes. The neighboring farmers were astonished • not only at the enormous produce, but at the absence of any unsound potato. The crop was dug out on the 12th of October. ORIGIN OF ALMANACS.—Yestegan, alluding to our ancient Saxon ancestors, says : "'hey used to engrave upon certain squared sticks, about afoot in length, the courses of the moons of the whole year, whereby they could always certainly tell when the new moons, the full moons, and the• change should happen, as also their festival days;-and such a carved stick they called an almond aght— that is to say, almon-heed 3 —to wit, the regard or observa tion of all the moons—and hence is derived the. name of almanac." After the invention of print ing, almanacs became generally in use. The first record account in England of. an almanac-is In the " Year Book " of Henry - VII. THE EMPEROR OF RUSSlA.—Aceounts. from. Moscow state that the favorable progress of the. emancipation of the peasants, the intended reform. of the administration of justice, and the other libe, ral measures announced, have made the Emperor of Russia more popular than ever. He was received at Moscow, where he now resides-with his family, as though he had never been there before. On the first day after his arrival the Kremlin was so sur rounded by the inhabitants that the neighborhood was completely impassable, and the people swarmed on the housetops and church steeples to see the. Emperor. A HERO.—In the battle of Fredericksburg the, color-bearer of the Mat Massachusetts. Regiment fell mortally wounded, when a sergeant named Plunkett seized the standard, bore it to the front, and there held his ground, until both arms were shot away by a shell. He was carried to the hospital, and subsequently was taken to. Washington, the whole regiment turning out to escort him to the. station. So brave a man deserved so marked an honor. DIPHTHERIA.—A gentleman who has adminis tered the following remedy for diphtheria says that it has always proved efilietual in affording speedy relief: Take a common tobacco pipe, place a live coal within the bowl, drop a little tar upon the coal, and let the patient draw smoke into The mouth, and discharge it through the nostrils. The remedy is safe and simple, and should be tried whenever occasion may require. Many valuable lives may be saved, the informant confidently believes, by prompt treat ment as above. • LES AIiSE.RABLES.—The editor of the Nash vine Us tan alludes mildly to his misfortunes as fol lows : 'We have. never read Victor sensa;. non novel "Les Bliserables." We suppose, how ever, that the unfortunate personages who figure in that book are editors of daily newspapers with mails once a week, or oace a month, as it may happen. They are the most miserable creatures that we can think of. . • NOT RESPECTING REBELS.—The Legislature of Kansas is evidently impressed with the opinion that traitors have no rights which loyal men are bound to respect. Two bills have been introduced in the Assembly, preventing proceedings in law by or for the benefit of disloyal persons and rebels. It is be. lieved that some measure of this kind is certain to pass: DISTINGUISHED VICTIM TO INTEXPER.. ANOE.—A few 'days since, Mr. Edward S. Teri] was found dead at a low drinking house of New:York city, his death resulting from the inordinate ups, 0 - ardent spirits. A few years ago he waa a lawyer or eminence and ability, moving in good society.' 44 at one time he was a law partner of °diaries 0 0 .44 y. nor, a leading lawyer of the Ngty , X.olCik
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