THE EttESdi. TtTBIIfIHKD DAILT (SUNDAYS EXOEFTKD,) by JOHN W. rORNEY. iFFICC Mo. 11l SOUTH FOURTH STREET, the daily press, Cents Per 'Week, pavablo to the Garriei [ailed to Bubacriters out th# Cikjr Bfi B6LiAii sk Anitcv, Four* Dollars fob Sight Monthi hres Dollars for Six Months— invariably in ad \nce for tbe time ordered. THE TRI-WEEKLY PRESS, Mailed to Subscribers out of tbs City at Three Sol Jars Fir Annum, in advance. CLOTHING. 10 THE GEJNTLEMBN OF PHI- LADELPHIA AND VICINITY. A CARO. Xt having been nest to an impossibility, hereto ire, to obtain CCSTOMER-MaDE CLOTHING MODERATE PRICES, aim finding that man; •ntlemen would prefer their Clothing MADE II IRDER, if they could secure at the same tun tEALLY FIRST-CLAS3 STYLES, and a .EALLY REASONABLE PRICES, we have, a ia earneat solicitation at our putrona, organized connection nub our extensive Ready-Mad ales-Rooms, a complete CUSTOMER DEPART TENT, in which the prominent features are, Ist. Fine and Medium Materials, made up i ot-eUu atyles; 2d. Unexceptionable Fitting Garments; 3d- Prices FAR LOWER THAN HAS BEE. lUSTOMART; 4th. A corps of the most celebrated cutters i ' country. An extensive assortment of the ohoicest in tried and domestic fabrics from the New Yoi nd Philadelphia markets, suitable for Coats, Pant nd Vests, always on hand. It our Ready made Salesrooms can always I Dund every variety and style of well-made fashio: ble clothing. ■* Spring stock now ready. PRICI IGDERATE. * a visit is solicited. WANAMAKER & BROWN, MERCHANT TAILORS AND CLOTHIERS, “OAK HAIjL,” S E cor. SIXTH and MARKET Streets. mh27-t MILLINERY GOODS. 1865 LOUIS DANNENBAUM SPRING. .862. No. 57 North SECOND Street. (Between Market and Arch;) • now prepared to offer a large stock of RIBBONS, iILKS, AND MILLINERY GOOD! Merchants and Milliner* will Hbcl an admirable asaoi wot of the above Goods, of the newest styles, at It jurs r, and are invited to call and examine. ■7* “WELL BOUGHT is half sold.” snhM.lm* ,1862. SPEINO - jWOOD & CARY, to Lincoln, Wood, & Nichols,) Ko. T'2S chestnut stbeet, lay a now in Store a complete stock BTRAV AND MILLINERY GOODI BILK BONNETS, AHD PALM-LEAF HATS, Ac. Hq vhich they respectfully invite tho attention of ti patrone of the house and the trade generally. Btti»rl2-2in - SPRING. M. BERNHEIM. No. 726 CHESTNUT STBEET, g M now In store, and is daily receiving, the lal 4*yk* k BIBBONS, FRENCH FLOWEI WREATHS, SILKS, CRAPES, LACES, AND OTHEE jjillin eky goods. Co hick h* Mißoetfidly ißYitea tin tttentiou of tl TRADE. PRICES LOW. mU-Sm 4 sPKU,a - 186: kbbons. MIL.LINEK' STRAW GOODS. iOSENHEIM, BROOKS & Go., NO. 431 MARKET STREET, Sre now open—and to which daily additions aremadi Star USUAL HANDSOME VARIETY or RIBBONS, 3DNNET MATERIALS, FLOWER! buohes. etaw AND FANCY BONNETS, : MISSES’ AND CHILDREN’S HATS, FLATS, SHAKER HOODS, an< at.iOTHER ARTICLES IN THE MILLINEI LINE, Till be offered rt eke LOWEST MARKET. PRICES. attention of the trade ie respectfully invited, g, Particnlar attention given to filling orders. nJ5.‘An 4TpOMAS KENNEDY & BRO., 720 CHESTNUT Street, below Eighth. A Coice Stock of IPRING MILLINERY GOODS, 43.3m] AT LOW PBXOES. HATS AND CAPS. ICO SPRING STOCK IQftO COMPLETE. IUUWi 0. H. GARDEN & Co., Hannfactnrers of ana Wholesale Dealers In HATS, CAPS, AND PURS; STRAW GOODS, lANOY SILK AND STBAW BONNETS, • Artificial Flowers, Buolies, Feathers, Ac., D 600 end 603 MARKET Street, 8. W. corner 0 SIXTH Street. ± terse end complete stock. The beet terms end H towwt Jriws, Cash sad prompt “ time buyers" are pffticniarly iuiited to exwaine oor woct UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS. H. RICHARDSON lIAS BEHOVED TO 500 HABKET STREET, Southwest corner of Firth, And offers a beautiful assortment ef UMBRELLAS, PARASOLS, TENTS, AND CANES, WHOLESALE AND BETAIL. mh2B-lm LOOKING GLASSES. •JAMES 8. EARLE & SON, MANUFACTURERS AND IMPORTERS j LOOKING GLASSES. ! OHi PAIHTINQB, j TINE ENOBAVINOB, I PICTURE AND POSTBAIT FRAMEB, PHOTOGRAPH FRAMES, PHOTOGRAPH ALBUMS, GABTE-DE*VISITS PORTRAITS, [ EARLE’S GALLERIES. ' 816 CHESTNUT STREET, PHILADELPHIA. SEWING MACHINES. & WILSON SEWING MACHINES, 628 CHESTNUT STREET, mUI-3m WATCHES, JEWELRY? Ac. Afresh assortment, at less than FORMER PBIOEB. FABB A BROTHER, Importer*, 824 CHESTNUT Street, below Fourth. mh9o*lf T ABD AND GREASE.—SO tierce* -Li *rtm*Ti*oflerd: U tier*** White Greece, : ZHreoC (44 the Wcet, end In store. For tale by ' HUBFBT t&fWNSi - : *O. it* NVBIH WUAKYEA A VOL. 5-NO. 212. QLAB K’S ONE DOLLAR STORE. 602 CHESTNUT STREET. NEW GOODS, NEW STYLES, AND NEW PRICES. For ONE DOLLAR you con buy toy oiki df fol lowing articles: Sets ot Silver Plated Tea Spoons. « n << Desert «» *i (t u Table «« 4« •( ♦« «« Forks. 4i (a « Dea«rt Pair “ 44 Knife and Fork. it a “ Napkin Rings. ** « « Butter Knives. Silver Plated Sugar Bowl. ** 44 Butter Dish. ** “ Molassea Pitcher. “ ** Cream *< ii ii Oaslor. u tt Waiter. 44 «t Goblet. «* u Drinking Cap. «* Sugar Sifter. Gold Plated Test Chain, all styles. «« “ Guard **-’** “ <4 u Keck 44 44 44 »« it Chatelaine, 44 44 4i tt Bracelet, 44 44 i« « MedaUion, 44 “ ** “ Armlets, ** “ <4 c( Breast Pin, 44 44 K 41 Ear Binge, 44 44 m it pin and Drops, all style*. “ «* studs and Buttons, 44 44 «« Solitary Slost© Button, all etylea. *4 ' ** Bosom Studs, 44 44 . 44 44 Finger Bings, 44 44 4t Pencils, 44 *t <* 4i pen with Pencil Case. Ladies* or Gentlemen's Port Monnaie, Cubu, Bags, Parses, &c. t Ac., Ac. All Goode warranted aa repre sented. We have on hand a large assortment or Photo graph Albums, Mantel Clocks, Travelling Bags, and Gold Jewelry, which we are dosing off at coßt. The at tention of the trace respectfully solicited. D. W. CLARK'S ONE DOLLAR STORK, ~1.2 m 603 CHESTNUT Street. Jj'EW SPRING IMPORTATIONS MEN AND BOYS’ WEAR. MILITARY PURPOSES. DE COURSEY, LAFOURCADE, &. CO. xnh2o>lm 1862. spring. 1862. W. Si STEWART & CO., IMPORTERS AND JOBBERS OF SILKS AND FANCY DRESS GOODS, 80. 304 MARKET STREET. We Invite the attention of the iA a ftlll lino Of BLACK AND OTHER STAPLE SILK 3, As also a great variety of NEW STYLES OF DRESS GOODS, Bought for cash, and which will he offered on the most favorable term*. fe2s-3m SPRING GOODS. M. L. HALLO WELL & Go, 333 UABKBT and 27 NORTH FOUBTH STS., Wholesale Dealers in SILKS AND FANCY DRY GOODS, Save open a large variety offrtshZjf-imported SPRING- DRESS GOODS. To which, with »handsome assortment ot BLACK AND FANCY SILKS, SHAWLS. MANTILLAS, WHITE GOODS. EMBROIDERIES. And other good. In their line, the. Invite the .Mention of city end country dealers. mh4-tf YARD.GILL.MORE.&Co, Nob. 01T CHESTNUT end 611 JAYNE Streets. BPRING IMPORTATION DRESS GOODS, SHAWLS, WHITE GOODS, LINENS, EMBROIDERIES, &o. To which the Attention of the trade le perticulariT In vited. fea - 2m IMPORTATIONS. HOSIERY, GLOVES, GENTS’ FURNISHING GOODS, THOS.MELLOR & Co., mhl9*3m 40 and 40 North THIRD Street JELLING OFF; " WHOLESALE STOCK AT RETAIL. BILK YEBTING9, formerir 93.00, now $2.00. MARSEILLES, •> 51.60, now 81.00. CASSIMEBES for men’s wear, and ladies’ Cloaks, 25 per cent, under former prices, Ac., Ac. A. H. GIBBS. 531 MABKET STREET, U 0 stairs. OIBLEY MOLTEN, & WOODRUFF, lUPOBTEBS AND JOBBEBB OF BILKS AND FANCY GOODS, No. 531 MARKET STREET, Are’-now opening ond daily receiving a new end CHOICE STOCK or SILKS. DRESS GOODS, WHITE GOODB and EMBROIDERIES, BHAWLBi RIBBONS, GLOYEB, KITTS, id They reepeotfully call the attention of buyers gene, rally. mh2s-lm 1862. SPBINB ' 1862. ABBOTT. JOHNES. & 00.. OS 7 MARKET STREET, Have now open an entirely new and attractive utock in ENGLISH, FRENCH, GERKAN, AND AMERICAN DRESS GOODS. Also, a Poll assortment in ■WHITE GOODS, RIBBONS, GLOYES, SHAWLS, &c., it c., To which they Invite the attention of the trade. mh24-tap3o PHILADELPHIA. gPRING STOCK SILK AND FANCY DRESS GOODS. A, We LITTLE & Co, mhU-tf Ho. 335 MARKET ST. OA CWT. CHOICE WHITE RYE rj\J FLOIJR, joat rcccived and l<ft Ml* at No. 619 „ iirniNO GARBS# Btnvt, mb»-tC JEWELRY, dec. DRY-GOODS JOBBERS. Including Goods suited for Now in Store, NO. 631 CHESTNUT STREET, And for Sale by Hove now open their OF SILK AND FANCY JKrasht to Europe, by one of Itae firm# LINENS, SHIRT FRONTS, WHITE GOODS, AND EMBROIDERIES. RETAIL DRY GOODS. gPRING HOSIERY. THOS. W. EVANS & CO. HAVE NOW OPEN SPRING IMPORTATION HOSIERY. EMBRACING TZlfi CELEBRATED "BALBRIGGA N” OTHER APPOVED MAKES LADIES’, MEN’S, AND CHILDREN’S SIZES. Nos. 818 AND 820 CHESTNUT STREET. apB.Bt CLOAKS! CLOAKS! CLOAKS! THE GREATEST BARGAINS IN THE CITE IVENS & CO.’S, N*. as SOUTH NINTH STREET. THE LARGEST STOCK, THE BEST ASSORTMENT, THE CHOICEST COLORS, THE FINEST QUALITIES, THE MOST SUPERB TRIMMINGS, THE NEWEST STELES, THE BEST WORK, AND DECIDEDLY THE LOWEST PRICES, IN THE CITY, AT I YENS & CO.’S, No. 23 SOUTH NINTH STREET. mh26-3m fILOTHS, CASSIMEREB. Goods for Boys’ Jackets. »? Pantß* •• for Mens’ wear. * * for Ladios* Cloaks. LINEN GOODS. Barnsley Table Linens. Damask Napkins and Towels. Small Figured Damaek Goods. Good Stout Irish Linens. Diapers Birdeje, Pillow Linens. DRESS GOODS. Shophord’s Plaids. Plain and Figured Mohairs. Plain and Figured Popiinettfl. Delaines and Challiea. 9,000 yards new Paints, 12#c. SPRING CLOAKS. Opening daily new Cloaks. Medium length and short SacQues. COOPER & CONABD, ap3 fiontheagt corner NINTH and MARKET. CARPETS AND OIL CLOTHS. CARPET WARE- HOUSE. OLDDEN & RICKNER. 838 ABOn STBEET, TWO POORS RSI-OW ijISjTH, SOUTH SIDE, Have this day opened their New Stock of CARPETS, of the best English manufacture. The newest Patterns in Velvet, Brussels, Tap. Brussels, 3-Ply Ingrain, and Ve netians ; Oil Cloths in all widths, Canton Matting, Mats, Druggets, Ac., bought before the late advance—s£lllas tt the lowest prices for cash. mh3l»l2t Q.LEN ECHO MILLS, ° GERMANTOWN, PA. McOALLUM & Co, MANUFACTURERS, IMPORTERS, AND DEALERS 800 CHESTNUT STREET. (Opposite Independence Hail,) CARPETINGS. OIL CLOTHS, &c. We have now on hand an extensive stock of Carpetings, of onr own and other makes, to which we »U the atten tion of cash and short-time buyers. mhT-3m ■pQURTH-STREET CARPET STORE, No. «T ABOVE CHESTNUT, No. 4T. J. T. DELACROIX Invitee attention to his Spring Importation of CARPETINGS. Comprising every style, of the Newest Patterns and Designs, In VELVET, BBUSSELS, T APEBTBY BBUB - IMPEBIA*. THBBB-PLY, and IN OB AIM OABPETINGS. VENETIAN and DAMASK STAIB OABPETINGS. SCOTCH BAG and LIST CARPETINGS. FLOOR OIL CLOTHS, in every width. COCOA and CANTON MATTINGS. HOOB-MATB. BUGS. SHEEP SKINS, DRUGGETS, and CBUMB CLOTHS. AT WHOLESALE AND BETAIL, LOW FOR CASH. J. T. DELAGBOIX, mhs-4m 47 South FOURTH Street. CARPETINGS. J. F. & E. B. ORNE, NO. 619 CHESTNUT STREET, (OPPOSITE STATE HOUSE,) Have received, per steamer Edinburgh, and other late arrivals, their SPRING IMPORTATION OF NEW CARPETINGS: CROSSLEY’S YARD-AND-A-HALF-WIDE VELVETS, 4-4 MEDALLION DO., ENGLISG BRUSSELS, EXTRA - G UAL ITY TAPESTRY, BRUSSELS CARPETS, WITS BORDERS, (of new designs, for Halls and Stairs). INGBAIN AND THBEK-PLY OABPKTINGS, of extra quality. ALSO, # 500 PS. J. CROSBLEY * SON’S TAPE3TE T BE US3ELS CARPETS, FROM 871 TO SH>l PR. YD, Together with a complete assortment of OIL CLOTHS, STAIB AHD FLOOB DRUGGETS, BUGS, MATS, AO., All of new, choice selections, and AT MODERATE PRICES. J, F, & E. B. ORNE, mh3-tf OPPOSITE STATE HOUSE. YARNS, BATTS, & CARPET CHAINS. H. FRAN CIS CUS, WHOLESALE DEALER IN YARNS, 433 MARKET and 5 North FIFTH Street PHILADELPHIA, Buyer, will find a full Stock of COTTON, LINEN, AND WOOLLEN CARPET CHAIN, COTTON YARN, TWIST, PILLING, WADDING, BATTING, COTTON LAPS, 918 TASKS, fWIMSfI, GAHDLH WIO2, COVBRLET TARS, BROOM TWINES, SHOI THRSABS, fIILLIXG AND SBIHB TWINES, BED CORDS, WASH AND PLOUGH LINES, COTTON, HEMP, AND MANILLA CORDAGE. Also, a fall assortment of FLY NETS, 'Which he offers at Manufacturers LOWEST NET CASH PRICES. WOODEN AND WILLOW WARE. H. FRANCISOUS. 433 MARKET end 5 North FIFTH Street, PHILADELPHIA, WHOLBSALB DKAI.HR IJf WOODEN AND WILLOW WARE- Always on hand, a full Stuck of TUBS, BUCKETB, CHURNS, MEASURES, BROOMS, WHISKS, FANCY BASKETS, WALL, SCRUB, end SWEEPING BRUSHES, LOGKING-GLABSES end WINDOW PAPEB, Mete, Keelers, Flour Buckets, Meet Boxee, WASH BOABDB, BOLLING end CLOTHEB PINS. FLOOR and TABLE OIL CLOTHS. SCHOOL, MARKET, and DINNER BASKETS. Sleds, Barrows, Carriages, Hobby Horses, Ac., Ac. All Goods sold at LOWEST NET CASH PRICES. o*Uli'2n* ‘ PHILADELPHIA. THURSDAY, APRIL 10, 1862. THURSDAY, APRIL 10, 1862 LETTER FROM FORTRESS MONROE. Rebel iMiiuJMiie —Xiiugiiluek—The Advance —Not a Bad Story—The French Corvette Gassende The Weather The Advance Movement. {Oorreapondenoo of The Prana. J Fortress Monroe, April 7, 1962. On Sunday afternoon, the rebels committed aa audacious a piece of daring as has yet come under the notice of the dwellers on this point, A bod; of their cavalry and infantry, about fifteen hundred or two thousand strong, and accompanied by a few pieceß of artillery, came down along the shore from Sewell's Point, yesterday, and drew up in line, on the beach opposite tho Kip Kaps. They then dis charged their artillery at the Rip Raps, but the balls fell far short. The Rip Raps then opened on the rebels with shot and shell, from Sawyer-rifled guns, whereupon the enemy moved off. It is not positively known whether any one was hurt The reports of heavy guns brought down a number of spectators to the beach, on both sides the bay, and a small black tug came out from behind Sewell's Point, but on seeing the state of affairs instantly put back. The Frenolf corvette Gassende is lying some dis tance up the bay, but not in suoh a manner as to impede any manoeuvres on the part of the squad ron. Tbe Catinet lies in her old position. The Stevens gunboat Naugatuck has been here for some days. The Naugatuci was under steam nil day yesterday, and ran about the harbor in quite a lively Her peculiarity of turning on her centre, by means of revolving her two screws in contrary directions, was well shown. Ex ternally, she lfjjMffiko an ordinary towboat. The is observed in all the de partments the final arrangements for the successfuPftarrying out of tho grand ad vance of the army. It has commenced well by the tjkiflg of the batteries near Yorktoyrn; let it end byrfie capture of Richmond and the annihilation of the rebel army on' the peninsula. Hen. Sum. Bide will have Norfolk by that time, and the cam paign in the East will he finished. There is a good story going the rounds here con cerning a certain general, who is pious enough in creed,but on certain occasions, when his “dander" is up, oan do full justice to his feelings by “ giving them mouth." When the Merrimac came down, tbe general was all motion; he was highly excited, and now and then he eased his feelings by certain forcible ejaculations. A contraband, who beard him, gives a very good description of how tho white-haired old man moved about in the midst of the storm of shells. “By golly, hogs," said he, “but de way dat old mass’ gm’ral moved about dat day war a caution. He went dis way and dat way; he went hea’ and he went dar; but to hab hearn do old mass’ gin’ral swar 1 Boss, it’s de solemn truf, dat de way de old gin’ral swar was plumb nigh like preachin ’! ” No news of importance from Yorktown has been received at headquarters up to the time I close this letter, It is probable that by the time this is printed the assault will he made. It is quite cold, and a drizzling rain is failing. Everything is dull; no item of news is to be had. from FORTRESS MONROE a rift YORKTOWN EVERYTHING PROGRESSING SATISFACTORILY. THE MERRIMAC HOURLY EXPECTED. EALTUionE, April 9.—The Old Point boat has arrived. She left at eight o’olock last evening. Our letter says: The rebel steamer Merrimac is confidently ex pected, with seven other gunboats, on the first fa vorable day. The weather is cold and foggy, with a northwest wind. The latest hews from Yorktowh by telegraph to day is that everything is progressing satisfactorily, but that a battle is not expected within a day or two. - An order has been issued from the department announcing that captain William D. Whipple, As sistant Adjatant-TGeheral, has been appointed, by the President, an additional aid-de-camp to Gen. Wool, with the rank of lieutenant colonel. Lieu tenant Colonel Whipple will continue to perform the duties of Assistant Acriutant General and chief of the staff of General Wool, which efiee he has filled with great ability and success since Septem ber last. The American's special correspondent says that the storm which commenced on Monday afternoon, and continued through yesterday, pre vented the Merrimac from coming oat uphe in tended. She is now looked for soon as the weather permits. A gentleman who was on beard of the steamer Rancocas , when she went up with a flag of truce on Monday, says that the Mivyimat was then lying off Craney Island. The Yorktown, Jamestown, Teaser, and four small tugß, were in company with her, all under steam. No particular change in the appearance of the Merrimac tram fhat presented when she was here before was noticed. It was the impression of those on board the Rancocas that the whole fleet was on the way down when the flag of trace appeared. The storm must have been severely felt in the army now advancing up the Peninsula, deprived as they are, to a great extent, of the shelter of tents, and oompollod to constant watchfulness in the face of the enemy. The roads, none too good before, will now be brought to a horrible condition, and the public must not be impatient in expecting early results in this direction. We have enlarged reports here as to the number of rebels on the Peninsula, the formi dable character of the fortifications, the number ef guns, etc.; but exaggeration is the forte of rumor, and it is safe to deduct one-half. Whatsoever the force may be, they will be overcome. The Rebel Congress. [From the Mobile Tribune, March 18 } Nothing of much importance was done in the open session of Congress on the 12th inst. In the Senate the joint resolution passed by the House of Representatives, advising the planters to make no cotton or tobaoco, was laid on the table. In the House a great many bills and resolutions were offered and referred to their appropriate com mittees. A resolution to inquire into the expe diency of appropriating money for the support of the families of prisoners was adopted. On the 11th instant the day was passed in dis cussing a bill for the appointment of Indian agents. All of general interest that occurred in the House on the 11th is thus reported: Mr. Crockett, of Kentucky, introduced a reso lution declaring all public investigation into the late disasters in Tennessee unwi3e and impolitic, and calculated to engender rivalry among the generals cobiSaßilßg oof ftfMiM. Me Supported the resolution earnestly, and hoped it would be the pleasure of the House to pass it. Mr. Foote opposed the resolution, and moved that it be laid upon the table. Upon this motion the ayes and noes were eslleii, and the vote re* suited ayes 43, nays 38. Mr. Garnett, of Virginia, offered the following resolution: Resolved, That the Committee of Ways and Means be Instructed to inquire into the expediency of raising a revenue by excise end export duties. Agreed to. _ Extract from a Lecture on Russia. liV QSQ. c. BRPtS, ESQ. Owing to the generous oonduot of Russia towards our Government in its present struggle to maintain the integrity and stability of the Union, Bhe has be come an object of great interest to us. It may seem remarkable that an absolute monarchy should sym pathize With a republic like ours, in its efforts to put down a wicked rebellion; but, after all, her expres sions of friendship are quite natural. Bhe has her self suffered greatly from rebellion and civil war; besides, her ilviik&tien, like OUTS, 19 pFOgralSiva. She is struggling in earnest for a higher position, for greater civilization, greater oommeroial pros perity, and greater politieal influenoe. Cotton is indeed of great importance to her, aB well as to England end franco; hut the industry, enterprise, schools, and free labor of the Northern States are, in her estimation, worth vastly more than cotton. She perceives what some other nations seem not to have discovered—viz; that the slave States have been retrograding more and more every year, under the blighting influence of slavery; while all that has been accomplished in the development of na tional resources, and in the elevation of man, has been secured by tbe States that are siownad with freedom and religion. The personal efforts of the Czar to raise the social and moral condition of the serfs is worthy of all praise. He seems to have a clear idea of what the progress of the age requires, aud be Uso hc&fUly interested in lb* pr«gF«SS flf liberal principles, that he has recently issued a de cree in favor of the Jews, so that now they are ad missible to all the offices of state; this is true in no other country exeept our own. The more reaent decree emancipating thirty millions of serfs, affords another illustration of her progress in the pathway of civilization. Although this reform is attended with great loss to the nobility—not only pecuniary loss, but loss of easte, loss of position; still, with few exceptions, the measure is regarded by the aristocratic clasS with fWftF. AgriflUltUM i 3 MW being regarded as one of the greatest sources of wealth to the ration, and the nobility are wisely turning their attention more to the improvement and cultivation of the laud, and are interesting themselves in everything that concerns the welfare of their country.. How unlike this do men reason and act in relation to American slavery ! Chattel slavery, which is a thousand times more oppressive than serfdom, is chosen as the corner-Btoue of a new Confederacy; the policy that breaks down the spirit of ,man, cripples his energies, and blocks up the wheels of his intellect, is regarded as the only pos sible basis of a durable and dignified Government. But a brighter day is dawning. Slavery all over the world is doomed; the principles of freedom must triumph. Christianity has solved the problem, and the human race is to be, hereafter and forever, progressive. g-A Little Stir at the Boston Custom- HOUSE. —We hear that within a week or two there has been an unusual stir at the Boston Custom-house, in consequence of the increase of business. A lit tle of the animation of former days is plainly manifest in that department. Wif Finn it stated, in a cotemporary, that the reason for placing Buokner in does confinement in Fort Warren was, that after declaring upon his honor that be bore no concealed weapons, a loaded retolrerwas found upon him. VICTORY ! VICTORY ! ! GREATEST BATTLE OF THE WAR! CONTEST AT PITTSBURG LANDING. Two Dalys’ Desperate Fighting. ABLE* GENERALSHIP OH BOTH SIDES. The Battle Cemaießced by G-en. Prentiss’ Division. THE ODDS AGAINST US FEARFUL. Grant Incites his Troops to Firmness. OUR GUNBOATS SHELL THE REBEL TRAINS. Terrible Resistance of the Enemy. GENERAL' BUELL ARRIVES WITH REINFGRCEHENTS. GEN. GRANT LEADS THE GHARGE. THE REBELS ROUTED AND IN FULL BE- TREAT ON CORINTH. THEIR LOSS ABOUT THIRTY-FIVE THOUSAND. GEN. ALBERT 5. JOHNSTON KILLED. BEAUREGARD’S ARM SHOT OFF. FEDERAL LOSS BETWEEN EIGHTEEN AND TWENTY THOUSAND. Namce of Union Officers Killed. &c., Ac., &e. Pittsburg Landing, April 8, via Fort Henry, April 9—3.20 A, M,—One of tho greatest and bloodiest battles of modern days has just closed, re sulting in the complete rout of the enemy, who at tacked us at daybreak on Sunday morning. Tbe battle lasted without intermission during the entire day, and was renewed on Monday morning, and continued undecided until four o’clock in the afternoon, when the enemy commenced to retreat, and ore still flying towards Corinth, pursued by a large force of our cavalry. The slaughter on both sides has been immense. We have lost in killed and wounded and missing, from 18.000 to 20,000, and that of the enemy is es timated at from 3D,000 to 40,000. The fight was brought on by three hundred of the Twenty-fifth Missouri Regiment, of Gen. Pren tiss’ division, attacking the advance guard of the rebels, whioh they supposed to be the pickets of tbs enemy- The rebels immediately advanced on General Prentiss’ division on tbe left wing, pouring in vol ley after volley of musketry, and riddling our famp with grape, canister, and shell. Our forces soon formed into line and returned the fire vigorously, and by the time we were prepared to receive them they had turned their heaviest fire on the left centre, General Sherman’s division, and drove our men back from their campa, and, bring ing up a fresh force, opened fire on our left wing, General McClernand’s. This fire was returned with terrible effeot and determined spirit by both tbe infantry and artillery along tbe whole line, a distance of over four miles. General Hurlburt’s division was thrown forward to support tbe centre, when a desperate struggle ensued, The rebels were driven back with terri ble slaughter, but soon rallied'and drove back our men in turn. From about 9 o'clock until night closed there was no determination of the result of the struggle. The rebels exhibited remarkably good general ship. At times engaging the left with apparently their whole strength, they would suddenly open a terrible and destructive fire on the right or centre. Even our heaviest and most destructive fire upon the enemy did h6lftpp*Ar t 6 diSCAUtage their Solid columns. The firing of Major Taylor’s Chicago artillery raked them down in scores, but the smoke no ’ Booner./dispersed than the breaeh was again filled. %■>“ gEsffKSjsi, ' "The most desperate fighting took place late lb the afternoon. General Buell’s forces had by this time arrived on the opposite side of the river, and another por tion was coming up the river from Savannah. At five o’clook the rebels had foroed our left wing back, so as to occupy fully two-thirds of our camp, and were active in their efforts to drive us into the river, and, at the same time, heavily en gage our right. Up to this time we had received no reinforce ments, Gen. Lew. Wallace failing to come to our support until the day was over, having taken the wrong road from Crump’s Lauding, and being without other transports than those used for the quartermaster’s and commissary stores, whieh were too heavily laden to ferry any considerable num ber of Gen. Buell’s forces across the river, the boats that were here having been sent to bring up the troopß from Savannah. We were, therefore, contending against fearful odds, our forces not exceeding thirty-eight thou sand men, while that of the enemy was upwards of sixty thousand. Our condition at this moment was exceedingly critical. Large numbers of our men were panic struck, and others, worn out by hard fighting, with the average per eentage of skulkers, had Straggled towards the river and oould not faffrailied. Gen. Grant and staff, who had been fearlessly tiding along the lino the ontao day, amid &n un ceasing storm of bullets, grape, and shell, now rode from the right to the lett, inciting our men to stand firm until the reinforeements could oross the river. Col, WtlMor, the chief of the staff, immediately got into position the heaviest pieces of artillery, pouring on the enemy’s right, while a large number of batteries were planted along the entire line, from tbe river bank northeast to our extrema right, some two end a half miles distant. About as hour before dualc a general cannona ding was opened upon the enemy from along our whole line, with a perpetual crash of musketry. For a short time the rebels replied with Tiger and effect, but their return shots grew less frequent and destructive, while ours grew more rapid and terrible Xhe gunboats luxivgton and Tyler, whiohlay a short distance off, kept raining shell on the rebel train. This last effort was too muoh for the enemy, and, ere dusk, the firing had nearly ceased, when, night coming on* the combatants rested. Our men rested on their arms in the position they had at the close of the night, until the foroes under Brigadier General Wallace arrived and took position on the right, and General Buell’s forces from the opposite side and Savannah were conveyed to the battle -ground. General Nelson’s division was ordered to form on the Tight,'Ud.the'foiees under General Crittenden were ordered W Jus support. THE BATTLE ON MONDAY. in the morning, General Buell having ar rived, the ball was opened at daylight, by General Wilson’s division on the left, and Major General Wallace’s division on the right. General Kelson’s force opened a most galling fire on the rebels, and advanced rapidly as they fell back. Xhe fire soon became general along the Whole line, end began to tell with terrible effeet on the rebels. Generals McClernand, Sherman, and Hurlburt’s men, tbongh terribly jaded from the previous day’s gghtipg, still maintained their honors won at Do nelson. The resistance of the. rebels was terrible, and worthy a better cause, but not enough for our un daunted bravery and the dreadful desolation pro duced by our artillery, which swept them away like chaff. But knowing that defeat here would bo the death blow to their hopes, their generals still urged them ou in the face of destruction, hoping, by flanking us, to turn the tide of battle. Their success was, for a timo, cheering, as they began to gain ground on us, appearing to have been reinforced; but our left, under General Nelson, wee driving them back with wenderful rapidity, and at 11 o’olook General Buell’s forces had suc ceeded in flanking them, and capturing their bat teries of artillery,, They, however, again rallied on the left, and re crossed, and the right forced themselves forward In another desperate effort, but reinforcements from Gen. Wood and Gen. Thomas oamo in, rogiment after regiment, which were sent to Gen. Buell, who had again begun to drive the rebels. About 3 o’olook P. M., Gen. Grant rode to the left, where fresh regiments had been ordered, and finding the rebels to be wavering, he sent a portion of his body-guard to jure head of eaoh of the five regiments, and then ordered a charge across the field, himself- leading, the cannon balls falling lika bail around him. The men fell owed with a sheut that sounded above the roar and din of the artillery, and the rebele fled in dismay and never made another stand. General Buell followed the retreating rebels, dmiog Hum in splendid style, and at half past fifi o’clock P. M. the whole rebel army was In full retreat to Corinth, with our cavalry in hot pursuit. We have taken a large amount of artillery, and also a number of prisoners. We lost a number of prisoners yesterday; amoog tbem is General Prentiss. The number has not been ascertained yet, but is reported at several hundred. General Prentiss is reported wounded. Among tho killed on the rebel side is the Gene ral-in-Chief, Albert Sidney Johnston, by a cannon ball, on tho afternoon of Sunday. Of this there is no doubt, as it is corroborated by several robel officers taken to-day. It is further reported that Beauregard had his arm shot off. This afternoon, Generals Bragg, Breckinridge, and Jackson were commanding the rebel forces. There never has been a parallel to the gallantry and bearing of our officers, from the commanding general down to the lowest officer. General Grant and his staff were in the field, and riding along the lines in the thickest of the enemy's fire, during the entire two days, and all slept on the ground, on Sunday night, during a heavy rain. On several occasions General Giant got within range of the enemy's guns, and was discovered and fired upon. Lieutennnt Colonel MoPherson had his horse shot from under him when alongside of General Grant. Captain Carson was between General Grant and your correspondent, when a cannon-ball took offhi3 head, and killed and wounded several others. General Sherman had two horses killed under bim, and General McClernand shared like dangers, and also General Hurlburt, each receiving bullet holes through their clothe?. General Buell remained with his troops during the entire day, and he and General Crittenden and General Nelson rode continually aiongthe lines en couraging their men. ADDITIONAL PARTICULARS. New Yoek, April 9.—The special despatches to the Herald give many particulars of the terrible conflict at Pittsburg Landing. The rebel General Albert Sidney Jonnston was killed by a cannon bail. > General Beauregard's arm was shot off. From 18,000 to 20,000 of the United States forces, and from 35,000 to 40,000 rebels either killed, wounded, or missing. Our loss in officers is very heavy, but it is impos sible at present to procure their names. The fol lowing are among the Jmber ; Brigadier General iffll. Wallace, killed. Colonel Pegram, acting brigadier general, killed. Cot. Ellis, Tenth Illinois, killed. Major Goddard, Fifteenth Illinois, killed. Lieut. Canfield, Seventy-seoond Ohio, mortally wounded, since dead. Lieut, Col, Kyle, Forty-first Indiana, mortally wounded. Colonel Davis, Forty-sixth Illinois, mortally wounded. Gen. W. T. Sherman, wounded in the hand by a cannon bail. Col. Sweeny, Thirty-second Illinois, acting bri gadier general, wounded. He received two shots in his oiily remaining arm, having lost one in Mex ico ; also, a shot in one leg. Col. Sweeny kept the field until the close of the fight, and he ex cited the admiration of tbe whole army. Col. Dave Stuart, Fifty-fifth Illinois, acting bri gadier genera], was shot through the breast on Sunday. He returned to the field on Mofiday. Col. Charles Crafts, Thirty-first Illinois, acting brigadier general, shot through the right shoulder; not dangerously. Col. Hayne, Forty-eighth Illinois, wounded slightly. Col. C. McKensey, Seventeenth Kentucky, wounded slightly. Lieut. Col. Stout, of the Eighteenth Kentucky, wounded slightly. Lieut. Col. Morgan, Twenty-fifth Indiana, wound ed badly in the head. Col. Mason, of the Seventy-first Ohio, wounded Brightly. Major Eaton, Eighteenth Illinois, aotiug colonel, wounded fatally. MsjorNevins, Eleventh Illinois, wounded slightly. Capt. Irving W. Carson, Gen. Grant’s scout, head shot off by a cannon ball. Capt. Preston Newlin, killed. Capt. Dollon, Eighteenth Illinois, killed. Capt. Meare, Fifth Illinois, killed. Capt. Carter, Eleventh Illinois, killed. Major Page, Fifty-seventh Illinois, killed. Gen. Prentiss and several hundred of our men were taken prisoners on Sunday. General Buell and Staff. A private despatch received in this city says Nashtilue, April B. —General Buell was in the battle at Pittsburg Landing. He and his staff are all unhurt. SKETCH OF GEN. A. SYDNEY JOHNSTON. General Albert Sydney Johnston, who was killed during the fight on Sunday, was the senior general of the Confederate army 7 and regarded by Jeff Davis as the best general in the whole rebel ser vice. He was born in Macon county, Kentucky, in 1803, and consequently fifty-eight years of age. After the usual scnool training, young Johnston was adopted by the United States, and educated at its expense at the Military Academy at West Point. On graduating he entered the Sixth infantry, and was ordered to the West. During the Black Hawk max he acted as adjutant general, President Lincoln being at the time acaptain of volunteers. At the close Qfthe war he resigned his commission, and resided first In Missouri, next in Texas. War breaking out in the latter State, he entered the Texan army bb a private, and rose to high distinction. He after wards filled thepost of Secretary of War. On the annexation of Texas to the United States Johnston raised a partisan troop, whioh ho commanded, and accompanied General Taylor to Monterey. At the olose of the Mexican war he returned to his planta tion, but, being in embarrassed circumstances, he was glad to accept from the United States the post of paymaster, which was generously bestowed upon him by the Government. Under Pierce, Mr. Jef ferson Davis, then Secretary of War, made John ston colonel of the Second cavalry, and he subse quently received the oommand of the Southwestern military district. At the outbreak of the war with V tah be was chosen, over man; more skilled officers, to command the expedition nbioh creased the Plains. He continued to fill that post—being, in fact, dic tator in the country which he occupied—until the rebellion took place, when he traitorously aban doned bis flag, So is believed to have made en ergetic attempts to induce Gaiirornia and Oregon to join the rebels, but to have been foiled by the common sense of our Pacific brethren and the sa gacious measures adopted by the Government. Last Ml, General Msstt” T?as put in command of the rebel soldiers in the department of Ken tucky and Missouri, and invested with plenipoten tiary authority to control all the military opera tions in the West. His Kentucky nativity, and his thorough knowledge of the Western country, cou pled with his great ability, rendered him an espe cially appropriate selection to the important posi tion wmoh he held at the time of his capture. General Johnston is six feet one inch high, of large, bony, sinewy frame, quiet and unassum ing manners, all conspiring to form a person of remarkably imposingand attractive address. After the battle at Fort Doneison, he was greatly cen sured by a number of persons in the South for not reinforcing that fort; but his friends contended that he offered to do so, but Pillow and Floyd said that they did not want any more trosps. General Beauregard and Bragg were immediately Bent to the West to oo- operate with Johnston in trying to retrieve the fortunes of the rebel oause in that quarter. No doubt Gen. Johnston had chief con trol of the army that attacked Gen. Grant, but, after his fall, the oommand fell on Beauregard. Gen. Johnston has thus paid the penalty of his treason, and the only regret that will.be expressed la that one of our cannon balls has cheated the gal lows. General Johnston’e brother, Joseph Stoddart Johnston, was blown up, several years ago, on a steamboat on the Red river, Louisiana. He was at that time United States Senator from Louisiana, and, some time previously, acted as second for Mr. Clay, in his duel with Mr. Randolph. The Victory at Island No. 10. OFFICIAL BEFOBT OF COMMODORE FOOTE. SEVENTY HEAVY GENS CAPTERED. THE REBEL WORKS VERY FORMIDABLE All of their Transports and Gunboats T&kOh. THE FLOATING BATTERY AGROUND AT NEW MADRID. Washington, April 9.—The following WAS re ceived at the Navy Department this morning: Flag-Ship Benton, > Island No. 10, April 8, via Cairo. J Hon. Gideon Welles, Secretary of the Navy : I have to inform the Department that since I sent telegram last night announcing the surrender to me of Island No. 10, possession has been taken of both the Island and the works upon the Tennessee shore, by the gunboats and troops under the com mand ofGen. Buford. Sovonteen officers and threohundred and sixty eight privates, besides one hundred of their sick and one hundred men employed onboard the trans ports, are in our hands, unconditionally prisoners of WBr. _ t 1 have oauaed a hasty examination to be malt Of tho forts, batteries, and munitions of war captured. There were eleven earthworks, with seventy heavy cannon, varying in calibre from 32 to 100-pounders rifled. ~,1. , The magazines axe well supplied WUn and there are large quantities of shot, shell, and other munitiODß ofwar, and also great quantities of provisions. Four steamers afloat have fallen into our hands, and two ethers, with the rebel gunboat Grampus, are sunk, hut Will b* MSily IftiSfid. The floating battery of aixtoen heavy guns, turn ed adrift by the rebels, is said to be lying on the Missouri shore, below New Madrid. The enemy upon the mainland appear to have fled with groat precipitation after dark last night, leaving, in many cases, half-prepared meals in their quarters. There seems to have been no oon cert of action between the rebels upon tho Island nnd those occupying the shore, but the latter fled, leaving the former to their fate. These wotKs, erected with the highest engineer ing skill, are of great strength, and, with their na tural advantages, would have been impregnable, if defended by men fighting in a better cause. A combined attack of the naval and land forces TWO CENTS. would have taken place this afternoon or to-morrow morning had not tho rebels so hastily abandoned this stronghold. To mature these plans of attack, has absolutely required the twenty-three days of preparation. Gen. Pope is momentarily expected to arrive with his army attbis point, he having successfully crossed the river yesterday UftdfcF & hCMf? fit I *, Whteh &0 doubt led to the hasty abandonment of the works last night. I am unofficially informed that the two gunboats which so gallantly ran the fire of the rebel batteries a few sights since, yesterday attacked and reduced a fort of the enemy opposite, dismounting eight heavy gunß. The following is a copy of the order of General Makall on assuming the command of the rebel forces on the sth instant! " Soldiers—We are strangers. The commander to the commanded, and each to the me tell you who I am. “1 am a general made by Beauregard—a gene ral selected by Gens. Beauregard and Bragg for this command, when they knew it was in peril. They have known me for twenty yeare. Together we have stood in the Geld of Mexico. Give them your conGdence Give it to me when I have earned it. “Soldiers, tho Missiesippi valley i 3 entrusted to your oourage, to your discipline, to your patience. Exhibit the vigilance and coolness of last night and hold it. ff*. D. Makall, “Brigadier General Commanding.'' I regret that the painful condition of my foot, still requiring me to UHe crutches, prevented me from making a personal examination of the works. I was therefore compelled to delegate Lieut. Com. S. Phelps, of the Flag-ship Benton A. H. Foote, Flag Officer, Commanding the Naval Forces, TOE NAFALBATTLE lit HAHPTOH HOADS. WHAT THE LONDON PAPERS SAT OF IT. A Revolution in the British Navy Necessary Our foreign Gles by the Hibernia, furnish us with the opinions of the British press, respecting the late naval engagement in Hampton Roads, in which the honor of the Federal flag was so un expectedly and so signally vindicated. Tho an nexed oomments will shew that the contest has pro* duced a great sensation in England, and is destined, no doubt, to work an entire revolution in the Eng lish naval service : [From the London Times, March 26.] When President Davis, in his rooest message to his cowtituents, reviewed the position of the South ern Confederacy, he expressed a hope that the navy of the seceding States would soon contribute something to the sucocss of the cause. These ex pectations have certainly been justified by the naval victory which we yesterday reported—a vic tory gained over a Federal force of great strength, and in waters where the Northerners probably con ceived that the supremacy was unnssailably their own. Three frigates and a heavy sloop aro men tioned as either taking, or endeavoriig to take, a part in the action against the small squadron of the Confederates, and a further and most effective rein forcement afterwards arrived, in the shape of a floating battery. * * * * From the reports of the action it appears that the Mammae, though mounting only twelve guns, did not hesitate to proceed, in company with the two other steamers, in search ol an encounter with such a squadron as we have described above. The Con gress and the Cumberland carried between them soventy-four guns ; and the Minnesota and the Nr. lav:mire ninety more. The Minnesota , however, fot aground, and could, therefore, neither come up erself nor tow the St. Lawrence into action. The Merrimac and her attendants had consequently only one frigate and a sloop to deal with, and it sauna that she took the sloop to herself, and left the frigate to the other steamers. The Cumber land had not a ohance against her. She reeeived two broadsides at one hundred yards' distance without sustaining any damage, and then delibe rately ran into the sloop with an iron prow oon» structed for this special purpose, and cut her sides open. After this she poured a broadside into her antagonist, dashed at her once more, and then left her to sink. Nothing could be more successful or destructive than her manoeuvres, Next morning, however, she found an enemy more worthy of her. Daring the night the new floating battery, called the Monitor , came round to retrieve the honor of tho Federal flag. Dhis is the vessel designed by Mr. J. Ericsson, of New Turk, and is one of the three iron-clad structures recommended by the Federal commissioners for adoption in August last. Assuming that she has been completed according to the original specifications, she is simply a floating battery , ■propelled by steam at d sloth rate , ditd not oiialifed for much beyond coast service m smooth water. She is of 1,200 tons burden only, is 172 feet long, and has 41 feet in breadth of beam. The general plan of the vessel was so novel as to surprise even a people ac customed to daring inventions; but she seems to have fulfilled the hopeß of the projector. What armament she actually carried we have not yet learned, but as soon as the Merrimac saw her she attaoked her, and then ensued the first battle ever fought between iron-clad ships. The results were gnost remarkable. The two vessels engaged eaph oilier at close quarters for five hours, after which period, but then only, was the armor of one of them perforated by shot. It was the Monitor which thus drew the first blood, and the Merrimac then retired. It does not seem, however, that she was disabled, and we are expressly assured that on board the Monitor not a man was hurt. Facts like these may well induce us to reflect. We find that a wooden vessel when matched against an iron one is literally as helpless as was predicted. The Merrimac did actually knock the Cumber* laud “into matches,” and in a very few minutes; but when she was encountered by a ship of her own class an action of five hours ensued, with no great damage to either side. Yet we cannot imagine that either of these vessels makes any approach in strength or power to the frigates we have built ou this side of the Atlantic. The Monitor was to be finished in one hundred days, and at a cost of less than £60,000, while the urgent needs of the Confederates forbid us to believe that any great amount of time or money can Have been expended on the Merrimac. Nevertheless, these extempo rized ironsides are sufficient to give a character to the whole war, and, if they had not neutralized each other, either of them would probably have given a good account of an entire squadron of the enemy. What a Bailing ehip is to a steamer aa or dinary steamer is to an iron-clad frigate. It will be remembered that the Americans were slow to recognize the new principle, nnd most reluctant to adopt it; but when the time for action arrived ne cessity made itself felt, and they hare sow given the theory all the practical confirmation it needed. There is no other conclusion, too, which we may draw from the operations of the American bel ligerents. The alleged efficiency of gunboats against heavier vessels has been disproved. The Con federates appear to have built upon this theory at first, but their u musqulto flotillas 5 ’ have never succeeded. Neither at Port Royal nor Roanoke did their sw&rm of gunboats produce the least effeot against the large ships of the Federals. Vessels of this Glass, operating upon rivers in conjunction with land forces, have'proved of the greatest service ; in deed, the Northerners owe most of their successes to them; but in narrow seas and‘against heavy frigates or sloops the small craft have been found as useless as a fleet of canoes. No gunboats, as far as we can judge, will do the work of our Warriors, nor will any frigate, however well armed or com manded, be able to make wood stand against iron. Our obligations in this matter have proved cost ly j but it is evident that the “reconstruction of our navy “ was not commenced an hour too soon . [From the London Post, (Governmontorgan,) March 27.] We are now in possession of the details of the naval victory achieved by the Confederates la the vicinity of Fortress Monroe, and tiiose details oon firm the imprestion we at first formed, that the Confederates, on that occasion , obtained a signal advantage over their opponents . The particulars of the engagement possess, however, for us an in* terest independent of that which we may feel in the varying fortunes of the war. Now, for the first time, have been tested the qualities of steel-clad men*of-war; now, for the first time, has the old wooden ship, with her rides bristling with cannon, entered the lists with an adversary not carrying a third of the number of guns, but with her sides en cased in an almost impenetrable armor; now, for the first time, has a vessel without the slightest risk to herself attempted, and attempted successfully, to run down an opponent with immense iron tasks which project beneath bor prow. How many doubts, so anxiously expressed whilst the Warrior and tho were yet in course of construction , have now been finally solved ? How many tUffi ? cullies advanced by those who viewed with regret our wooden bulwarks superseded have now Been disposed of? Hie recent engagement between the Merrimac and the Cumberland and Congress , in ■ American waters, whatever effect it may possibly ! exercise upon the future course of hostilities there, I has at least proved that on the high seas no mari time Power desirous of holding its own can any , longer rely upon wooden ships,however- heavily armed they way be. The heaviest armament which could be placed on board a Bhip-of-the-line would only serve to sink her all the quicker when a huge hole had been made in her side by collision with one of these iron-dad frigates. It will be useless any longer to theorize upoxrthis matter; wo have now before us patent facts which cannot be disre garded. When, nine months since, the House of Commons granted a supplemental vote of a quar ter a million for the construction of fron sbeathed vessels, that party which, in this coun try, invariably raiseß its voice whenever more than ordinary exertions are made to retain, in an effec tive state, our military or naval departments, raised an outcry at the lavish and uncalled-fof expendi ture wbi*h was thus occasioned. The result of thu naval engagement in America has established, be yond a doubt, the indisputable superiority of iron plated ships, and the absolute necessity of replacing by them, wherever it is possible, those vessels whose gtrgrgth dopends alone on planks of teak or oak. ■While ib4Merrimac was thus engaged the Fede rals endeavored to bring up some ot their fleet ti> join in the contest. The Minnesota proceeded with this object up the river, but had not gone far before she ran agTound. The Merrimac having put herflrstttwocppcne&ta here de eomldt, then at tacked the Minnesota, and in her crippled con dition would have made of her an easy prey had not the steel clad Monitor made her appearanoe on the scene of action. The Monitor has been constructed oii the same principle ae the Merri* I mac , ami is the heavier and stronger vessel of the two . Obliged at length to cope with an an tagonist of equal mettle, the Merrimac aban doned the Minnesota and directed all her ener gies against ket formidable opponent, nor many hours aid these two vessels, like mail-olad knights, charge each other with their pointed prows. For hours did they discharge against each other, with out visible effect, broadsides of Bhot which would have sunk tho stoutest wyodon ship that ever floated. It was all in vain, terrible though this might prove in encounters with other vessels, they proved harmless to each other. At length, however, if we are to believe one account, a shot , pot from the Monitor } but from the Ericsson battery took effect on the port ride of tho JMer rimac, and she thereupon retired to Norfolk har bor. According to another and much more pro bable account, however —namely, the statement of Captain (Smith, who was present si the engagement— THE WAR PHKSS. The War P«bss will be sent to subicribers hr mail (per annum in advance) at .££.9o Three Copies ** 5.0* FlVe w !i g.OO Ten « u “ 13,0® Larger Clubs will be charged at the same rate, thus: 20 copies will coat $24; 50 copio* will cost R6O; and XOT copies $l2O. For a Club of Twenty-one or over, wa will eood ao Extra Copy to the getter.op of the Club. are requested to act as Agntß toe Tss Wa& Prrss. Advertisements insorted at the usual rates, g lc lines constitute a square. it Is extremely doubtful whether the JVSerrimaa cuaimned any serious injury. Her having boen towed off to Norfolk harbor is considered by him to afford no proof that she was injured, as that course might have been adopted in order either to saVe coni, or to entice the Monitor into pursuing her. Whether injured or not, however, toe Mer er <m nr did a great day's week. U&<ter the giifia if hostile butteries she utterly destroyed two power ful frigates, blew up one gunboat, and seriously damaged another. She even then engaged with a vessel of even greater strength than herself, also under the guns of a hostile buttery, and after a cun, test of several hours retired in safety, if not entirely uninjured. With such facts ustheao, it will be im possible henceforth to deny the undoubted superi ority of iron-clad vessels. FOREIGN MISCELLANY. The railways of the United Kingdom are to re ceive from the post office £558,891 for carrying the letters tbiß year j mail coaches only ~i .",,560 Carte, stage-coaobes, and omnibuses, however, will get no less thßn £124,910. It will cost £7OO to provide clothes for the mail-guards, £16.150 to pay their wages and the wages of mail-porters. £10,9(10 for the supply and repair of mail bags. £2,080 far the apparatus for exchanging them on railroads. The whole of the coßt of the conveyance of mails in the .United Kingdom this year is taken at £755,980. But for the conveyance of mails abroad—the packet service—tha country is to pay above £900.000. The secrebservice money lost year amounted to £40.663, of which £lO,OOO was for home purposes. The sum raised during last, year by the penny dues on entries at the Custom House was £181,950. A notice in the Gazette states that the treaty of oommerae between Great Britain ami Turkey earns into operation on the 13th inst. A decree issued by the Sultan prohibits the importation into the Turkish dominions of arms and military stores. Tue Hibernian Bank, in Dublin, having sub scribed to the Prises Albert memorial, moral shareholders have found fault, and purpose calling the directors to account. * A new joint-stock bank, to be called “Tho Publia Bank of London and Liverpool,’’ is in course of formation. The first capital is to be £1, 000,00a, with power to inoreosa to £5.000,000. Mrs Fanny Kewrle will shortly visit Europe. We believe it is not her purpose to remain in England. Tue Edinburgh Cbnrani learns that Lord Ivory has resigned his gown as one of the Lords Commis sioners Justiciary, to which he wag appointed in 1849. The fall of a portion of the oliffnear Hastings has revealed a slab of stone bearing on its surface ■ clean impression of the foot Of 8 gi(?8Bt!{ bird WbiOh is supposed to have beeD at least twelve feet high. There are irumerous-other-impreaaions, more or leaf perfect, of'the Bame bird’s claws. The following odd advertisement appears in the /Homing Post : ii To wealth connoisseurs.—To be sold, the most beautiful Oat in England t price 300 guineas. Apply," Ac. FRANCE. A letter from Paris says : “ We hear of nothing but smashes, failures, and distress, save at Court, whore all goes on smoothly and as splendidly m ever.” Tits Minister of ForeignJAfFatrs has received a letter from Abd-el-Kadcr, m which the ex-Mir an nounces that be is sending to the i?mperor Napo leon two horsos from Yemeni of the purest breed which exists in Arabia* and which, according to the writer of the letter, are descended in a direct line from the famous mare of the Prophet. The pre cious stallions are shortly expected in France, and it is said to bo the Emperor’s intention to place them in his breeding stud in the South, where tbo Arab blood sncceedß admirably in regenerating the French race of horses. An express train from Paris to St. Petersburg will run on and after April 1. The Archbishop of Paris has just exhibited i* his hotel the magnificent reliquary that is to be sent to the London exhibition. This reliquary, which la a chcf'd'auvre of Parisian goldsmith work, is to con tain the nails and the pieces of the true cross brought from Palestine in 1204 by St. Lorn It is announced that two now synagogues are about to be constructed at Paris—one in the Eue d« la Yictoire and the second in the Marais. The Israelite population, which is -very numerous !■ Paris, have long required that accommodation, ha*« ing but one place of worship, which is situated be the Rue Notre-Dame de Nazareth. It is calculated that the purchase of the ground and the construc tion of tho synagogues will cost 3,000,000 f. The Paris correspondent of tha London Daily Hews writes: The thieves’ rendezvous called tha Lapin blanc, immortalized in Eugeno Sue's “ My*- teres de Paris," is now pulled down, together witit the entire street, the Rue’ aux Feves, in whioh it stood. A dry fact, which in its lpgpbriOtlß roolity far outstrips the novelist’s imagination, is that fifteen skeletons have keen found in a hole at the feot of the staircase in the house. This discovery must be particularly disagreeable to the landlord, who has been in possession of the place for many years, and has removed the grotesque musoum, m eluding a stuffed white rabbit, which had become famouß, to another tavern. I shall ever regret not having seen the interior of the Lapin blanc. One evening this winter, after, I had heard that the besom of improvement was about to sweep it unn I went to (fee Rue aux Feves for the purpose at taking a first and last look. But when I got to the door I found the people about so marvellously ill favored that I was fairly afraid to go in. The idee of. becoming a skeleton in the house did not indeed occur to me, but I'thought it highly probable that a. man in the garb of a gentleman would he mark ed, and perhaps mobbed. As a matter of commoe prudence I resolved to postpone my visit of curi osity to another occasion in broad daylight, and when I next went M. Hausmwn’s destroyers were on the roof, battering it down,mnd policemen kept a gaping crowd at a distance. PRUSSIA. The Constitutional party have published a poli tical programme, in which they demand ft firm policy In external affairs, with especial regard to the definite realization of German unity, add at home a just and liberal system of government. The King of Prussia is said to be extremely bit ter about the majority of the Chamber, and to feel himself offended by what he considers a want af respect and of confidence in his authority. A Berlin letter of the 15th says: “Recent events have brought the Crown Prince into notice. He appears to have decided in favor of liberal ideas, and that circumstances haye made him a fa vorite with the public.” Says La Presse: “The installation of the new Prussian Ministry is nothing less than a return to the detestable policy of M. de M&nteuffel. Till Prussian people look calmly upon these violent measures. The King is strictly within his right, but the people well know how to exeroise theirs. There seems to be no doubt, after the enthusiastic ovations that have taken place in honor of the mem bers who voted for the Hagen motion, that thejr will all be re-elected.”* The entire democratic press of Germany on* tioises, in the most bitter terms, the appointment of Prince Hohenloe as President of the Cbunoil it Prussia. He is represented everywhere as one o£ tfe? goost loaders of-the retrograde Mi feudal party. RUSSIA. The nobility of Toula have petitioned fee special and elective commissions for the framing of laws. The nobility of Mosaotr have asked for prompt administrative, judicial, and electoral re form. The correspondent of the Nor-l gays that, in the oourse of the fetes on the occasion of the thousandth anniversary of Bussla, the Government will have reoourse to a system of national repre sentation, yet numerous arrests for political of fences are reported. An attempt is made to re concile these oontradietions by stating that the Government is determined not to let it appear that they are yielding to foroe. Thk Russian Government Intends to contract fi new loan for the purpose of' enabling the bank ef Russia to resume cash payments. GERMANY. In thk Vienna Reiehsrath the Government hia brought in bills to increase the taxes upon ground, upon buildings, upon classes, upon trades, upon in comes (with the exception of the proceeds derived from the rent), and to raise the amount of the poll tax. The Italian feeling at Trieste runs extremely high at the present moment. The Austrian offioen are altogether excluded from the houses of the townspeople. SWITZERLAND. Berne, March 18.—News has been received from Turin that the Ratazzi Ministry desires to enter upon the most amicable relations with Switserland. SPAIN, Tab ministerial journal, in an article treating of neutrality and sympathy toward the Pope, saya “ that Spain would not intervene at Rome if France were to withdraw her troops.” It is added that Spain Trill aleo not recognise the legality of accom plished fßOts in Italy, unless these are sanctioned by a European Congress. • ITALY. The 14th of March was ushered in at Turin by salves if uUiUsy, tc celebrate the birih>day of King Victor Emmanuel, and of Prince Humbert, the heir apparent. The King on that day entered his 43d year, and the Prince his 19th year. Tho anniversaries were celebrated throughout the coun try with “great solemnity." Tnr subscription to the Cavour Monument ha* reached tho sum of 272. ] 27f. Letters from Turin announce that matters are improving in Naples so far aa the brigandage is oon. cerned; and they must be so, as General La Mar. mora informs his Government that he is more eon tented than for Borne time past. GREECE. The amnesty proclaimed by the King is a fail ure. Not a corporal or a soldier left Nauplia in conseqnenco of it, although the document waa read to the insurgent troops by their commanders. The insurgents have taken a fresh oath to stand firm to their cause. It is thought the Senate will eill upon tti Ring la IH»1|8 CnnCSBSiOBS. Thk Gazette de Trieste announces that it is all up with King Otho, whom that journal looks on as virtually dethroned. It foresees the formation of a Greco-lonian monarchy, comprising Epirus with TUii&ly, under seme Prince of Queen Victoria's family. TURKEY, The official budget for 3862 has boon pub- and show* a net surplus of £884,163, in oiudiog tbo proceeds of the neV tax. EGYPT. t „ M. Lessees has been supplied by Government with 30,000 laborers for the work on the Isthmus. Joseph Christian, Baron Zedllly, lately died at Vienna, aged 72 years. Ho was a celebrated Aus trian poet, and in his youth served in a military capa city against the First Napoleon. He lately ooou pied a diplomatic position, and at the time of hi* Seath held the rank it Chamberlain tA the Em peror. lII'DIBKAS AND THE CONFEDERATE SOLDIERS.— Some of the military exploits of the rebel soldiery would seem to imply their belief in the following liiiia (tom Hudihras t 1 . “ For thorn that 67 may fight again, Which he can never do that a elain." “ When the fight becomee a chase, Those win the day who win the wt*-
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers