FRIDAY, AUGUST 30, 1861. EXTRACT FROM THE EAST SPEECH OF STEPHEN A. DOUGLAS. —“ The conspiracy to break up the Union is a lact now known to all. Armies are being raised, and war levied to accomplish it. There can be but two sides to the controversy. Every man must be on the side of the United States or against it. There can be no nentrals in this war. There can be none but patriots and traitors.*' FOlt SALE.—The double-cylinder “Taylor*’ Tress on which this paper lias been printod for the last nine months. It is in excellent condition, hbrinsf beeu mailo to order a year ago, and will he sold at a bargain. For terms apply at this office, or address Jons W. Forney, 417 Chestnut street, Philadelphia. The American Navy. So many complaints liavo been made against the Navy Department for alleged inefficiency, that a large portion of the American peoplo are, no doubt, disposed to believe that their navy will be of little real assistance in sup pressing the rebellion, and that scarcely any thing of practical importance has been done to strengthen it since the rebellion eommoneod. All who have been thus misled will be sur prised to see the list of war vessels now afloat, purchased and contracted for, which has re cently appeared. Our Atlantic and Gulf squad rons consist of fifty-nine vessels, mounting six hundred and ninety-seven guns, and nine thou sand two hundred and twelve men. They comprise four frigates, five screw frigates, ten sloops, three screw sloops, two steam sloops, seven side-wheel steamers, eight serew steam ers, nine propellers, one steamer, one brig, two storesbips, five ships, and. two steam tugs. On tiie Potomac we have twenty-five vessels, embracing one screw’ sloop, one serew steamer, one screw 7 tender, six tugs, tour steamboats, one brig, three side-wheel steamers, four propellers, three schooners, and one gunboat. Twelve war vessels, carrying one hundred and thirteen guns, which have been ordered borne from foreign stations, have not yet arrived, but may soon be expected. They consist of one screw 7 sloop, two sloops, four steam sloops, one razee sloop, two screw steamers, and two storesliips. On tho Pacific coast we have eight vessels stationed which carry ciglity eiglit guns and one thousand and ninety seven men. At our national navy yards eight steam sloops of about 1,200 and 1,400 tons burden are being constructed, which W’ili soon be completed. The Tuscarora was launched at Philadelphia a few days ago, and three others are nearly ready for lauucliing. Twenty three gunboats are also being bnilt by contrac tors on the Atlantic coast. They are to be of about five lmndred tons burden, of light draught, and each to be fitted out with one onc lumdred-and-fifty-pound rifled camion and four thirty-two pounders. The construction of twelve fast side-wlieel steamers has also been authorized, and they will soon be commenced in our navy yards, and by contractors. Seve ral new fast propellers and iron-clad vessels are also about to be commenced. Tho number of vessels of various sizes and descriptions which the Government has purchased up to this time is seventy-eight, for which more than $3,500,- 00# has been paid, and nineteen hulks to sink at the mouths of rivers and inlets, have also been bought. Ten chartered vessels aro at present in the national service. A portion of the purchased vessels are already cruising upon our coast, and the others are being ra pidly fitted out. The list of vessels captured by our navy for attempting to violate onrblockade, or assisting tlie insurgents in other ways, is much larger than the public generally suppose it to be, as it embraces eighty ships of various classes, exclusive Of a considerable number whoso names have not yet been returned to the Navy Department. In view of these important additions to our navy, it is unjust to charge those entrusted with the management of its allairs witli idleness and inefficiency- A little time may vet be ne cessary to render onr war vessels as numerous and useful as the necessities of tho nation re quire tliem to be; but it is doubtful whether any other country ever made so large an addition to its navy in so brief a period; and from present appearances we shall speedily be enabled to render the blockade entirely complete, to drive all the privateers from the ocean, and to menace all the Southern cities on the Atlan tic coast. The Suppression of Conspiracies. It was the custom of the Roman Senate, when their Republic, was seriously menaced by treason or sedition, to pass a stringent decree directing the consuls to “take cave that the Republic suffered no harm,” invest ing them with absolute power, and suspending all the ordinary forms of law, till the danger was over. On several critical occasions the triumph of the nation over its internal foes was attributable solely to the exercise of au thority of this character. Unfortunately, we have fallen upon evil times, when a hand of Catit.ixks arc socking the destruction of the noblest Government that was ever devised by flic wit of man, and when those who are secretly in league with the traitors are to he found not only in the ranks of the insurgent armies, and in the seceded States, hut throng ing our capital, and seeking in loyal communi ties to undermine the sentiment of devotion to the Union which forms a part of the cha racter of every truo American. That the nefarious designs of these conspirators may be successfully combated is the prayer of every good citizen, and those who com plain loudest of the energy which the Ad ministration is now displaying in unmasking and preventing the machinations of traitors, care least foT the perpetuity of the Republic and sympathize most deeply with its implaca ble foes. Those who are truly loyal can see no special oause for grief in the arrest of men who are industriously plotting the downfall of our nation, or the suppression of journals which delight in giving aid and comfort to the enemy. They expect the National Govern ment “ to take care that tlio Republic suffers no harm,” and In view of all the dangers by wliich it is surrounded they arc ready to ap plaud all reasonable and necessary steps it may adopt to deprive the allies of Secession in the North and the insurgent armies in the South of their power to injure' the national cause. Cicero, in liis first oration against Catiline, referring to the sympathizers with that infa mous conspirator who thronged the streets of Rome, and the necessity that the friends and foes of the nation should be distinctly known said, «let it, in short, be written on the brow of every citizen, what are his sentiments about the Republic.” It is equally desirable that the friends and enemies of the nation among us should be pointed out. There is no ordi nary partisan question to bo discussed and no ground for neutrality. Men have only to de cide whether they are for or against the Go vernment which protects them—whether they will side with the patriots or tke traitors in the existing war. Arch-street Theatre.—Mrs. Drew exhibited the new arrangements of this theatre to the stock holders, the members of the press, and a few invited guests, last evening. The leasee and visitors assem bled at eight o’clock, and a number of members of the new company were likewise present, Mr. Jos. D. Murphy, the treasurer, disclosed in succession the new and beautiful drop-curtain, the splendid new scenery, the new stage furniture, (made by Sanderson A Son,) and the numerous alterations and additions on every side, which reflected credit upon the management and its advisers. The properly room, the costumer’s apartment, the green rooms, and the various dressing rooms, were each exhibited in turn. The arrangements of all were chastely and luxuriantly designed, and the seats in the dress circle, parquet, and the upper tiers, have been enlarged and improved, so that tha new arrangements serve, most decidedly, to exhibit the lameness and incompetence of the old, and evi dence the spirit of enterprise with which the lessee has undertaken her duties. A fine collation was one of the features of the evening, and the health -of the management was repeatedly proposed and drunk with cheers. Speeches were afterward made by Dr. Mackenzie, E. W. Greene, Jos. D. Murphy, and others. The mechanical disposition of the scenes, flies, «tc., formed a noticeable feature of the display, The 11 tabnic life” of the actor aad the stage was here revealed and explained, and few that witnessed the exhibition will forget how well art has been ex erted to imitate nature, and produce those mecha nical effects which thrill thousands, and almost rob Mature of her beauties and her wonders. A rare pleasure of the evening was afforded in the pre sence of the artists, who chatted pleasantly of house hold and social matters, in strong contradistinction to their future appearanoes in the assumed charac ters of comedy, melo-drama, and tragedy. In fact, the entertainment of last evening augured a most auspicious season and abundant patronage, notwithstanding the war. Treason in the Wilil-cat District. Some kind friend has sent us a proof-sheet a paper called the Elk Advocate, published in Kidgway, Pa., of which P. IV. Bariiktt is editor, and L. Luther proprietor. This slip contains an account of tin* jiroceedings of a body of men known as the Democratic Repre sentative Convention, composed of delegates from the counties of Clearfield, Jefferson, Elk, and McKean. This Convention was assembled for the purpose of nominating candidates for the Legislature. After due deliberation. Dr. G. R. Eaki.y and K. J. Nicholson were nomi nated, after which, “ being called upon,'’ says the report, “ they addressed the meeting in a spirited and patriotic manner, both persons pledging themselves to use their best efforts to bring about an honorable peace.” Among those who were prominent in this Convention was Dr. T. J. Boyer, of Clearfield, a creature of Mr. Buchanan, and tho friend and compa nion of tho late Senator Bigler. Boyer figures in tho report to such an alarming ex tent that as newspaper men we cannot suppress a suspicion that he himself was the author of it. At any rate, we find Boyer addressed the Convention, Boyer nominated the candidates, Boyer made five out of the six reported motions, Boyer was chairman of the Com mittee on Resolutions, and Boyer wrote tho twelve resolutions which weyc adopted, aste risks, italics, small caps, exclamation points, and all. These resolutions are most amusing speci mcnsofpoliticullitcnilurcjor rather they would he amusing under any other circumstances than those which now exist. Wc hardly thought that there was in Pennsylvania a company of men degraded enough to print and publish such unblushing treason as is here recorded. There seems to be no degradation too deep for these people. They have lost every idea of Northern honor, and arc anxious to yield to the most extreme ami intolerant demands of the Southern rebels. State pride and national honor, nor even the pride and honor of man hood, are nothing. Every consideration of patriotism is ignored, and words seem to fail them in tho publication of their infamy. This is strong language, but is it not jus tified? Let us see what these resolutions teach. Here are a few sentences: “ VTc most solemnly, and in tho name of Im munity, justice, mid Christianity, protest against the Into nets of tlie Administration, which havo for their object the subjugation of tho South and the betrayal of our brave soldiers into acts of law lessness, and opposition to the principle and feel ing which actuated thorn in tlioir march for tho defence of the national capital. "We deeply deplore the recent slaughter of Americans in' Virginia. We pity the Northern widow and the Northern orphan j wo pity the Southern widow And tho Southern orphan. And we swear again, that we will stand together, aud strive by tho use of all honorable means to bring about peace, and restore to their friends our young men now sickening from the effects of a South ern summer. “The threats of Abolitionists pass us like tho idle winds which we regard not. “IVearein favor of a speedy settlement ot the present difficulty by compromise. ■■ r j'he small patriot band of Sonators and Representatives, in the last extra session of Con gress, who dared to maintain the integrity of tho Constitution, under tho menaces of expulsion and imprisonment, aro entitled to tho gratitude of every American citizen, and impartial history will award them an enviable distinction. “ The persistent determination of the majority of the members of tho late extra session of Congress to frown down every measure that had for its object the peaceful adjustment of our national difficulties, indicates a fanatical mania that would have much better become the crusaders of centuries gone by than the representatives of a free, intelligent, and Christian people of the nineteenth century.” Is this not monstrous ? Could language he tortured into tlie expression of more decided treason 1 Dr. Boyer and his clique seem to hare been writing for tho atmosphere of South Carolina, rather than that of Pennsylvania. And yet, to show how utterly eorrupt and de praved tho local Democratic organizations of many parts of this State havo become, tiiese sentiments beartlie unanimous approval of a De mocratic Legislative Convention, and Messrs. Early and Nicholson ask the suffrages of the people as- their representative. If wo take this record, we are to believe that the Demo cracy of four counties of Pennsylvania con sider the enlistment of volunteers “the be trayal of our brave soldiers into acts of law lessness;” the contest for the Constitution at Manassas, “ tlie recent slaughter of Ameri cans in Virginiatlie voice of tho people, i “ the threats of Abolitioniststlie unanimity j of tlie last Congress a “ fanatical maniaand j such avowed and exultant traitors as Breckix : ridge, Burnett, and May, “ a small patriot i hand.” I But wo do not believe, it. We know the i honest Democrats of Northern Pennsylvania I too well not to spurn any such base suspicion, i When treason was in their organization they rebuked it. When the machinery of tho party was placed in operation to shield the infamies of an Administration, and consummate a great wrong, they protested bravely and per formed nobly. When others faltered they were true, and it cannot be that the men who were so prompt to punish treason to a party should not he as prompt in the punishment of treason to the Republic. Democrats of Pennsylvania, your honor de mands that every such expression of sympathy with traitors he disavowed, and that overy rep resentative of it be crushed. You are fighting this fight nobly. Tour brothers are in the tent and field, and many of them have given np their lives to maintain the Government, which the principles of your great party in other days did so much to strengthen. With blood they have sealed the testimony of tlieir devotion to the Republic. With blood they liavs written the loyalty of true Democracy at Pliillippi, Springfield, and Manassas. They arc combatting the intrigues of traitors in Virginia and Missouri; will you permit the in trigues of traitors in Pennsylvania ? Wc write it now with confidence, and let it be aprophecy: that when October comes, and the issue is de termined at the ballot-box, the Democracy of the North will overwhelm with unfathomable indignation the infamous conspirators who still plot in our midst, and none more effectu ally and finally than this pestiferous brood nestled by Dr. Boyeu and his patrons in Northern Pennsylvania. Col. W. W. H. Davis. We are pleased to see by tho following card that Col. W. W, 11. Paris, Of Poylestown, Bucks coun ty, has been instructed by Secrotary Cameron to raise a regiment of soldiers. Col. Davis served with distinction in the Mexican War, and, during the three-months term, recently expired, rendered im portant aid with a company of soldiers from Doyles town. We understand that ha expects to hare Ringgold’s Artillery company, of Reading, attached to his regiment, A number of Philadelphians have also volunteered t« join it, and to proceed to the camp he is about to establish, at tho Fair Grounds, near Doylestown. From the well-known military reputation of Col. Davis, wo have no doubt be will soon be able be obtain the requisite number of men, and to render effioient service to the country. Ilis card is as follows: To the Patriotic Young Men of Pennsyl vania : I hare received special instructions and authority from the Seorstary of War to raise a re giment of volunteers to assist in maintaining the in tegrity of the Constitution and the Union, and call upon tho patriotic young men of Pennsylvania to rally to my standard. It will consist of ten com panies, of not less than eighty or more than one hundred and one, officers and men, each, and will be armod, uniformed, and equipped by the United States. A camp of iistruction will be formed at or near Doylestown, convenient to the railroad, where both officers and men will be drilled and disciplined before they are sent to the sent of war. Recruits will be mustered into the service by companies and squads, from which time their pay will commence, and rations be provided for them. None but men of sobriety and good character Till be received; and commissions will only be oonferred upon those who hare had experience in tho field or possess military knowledge. A fine band will be attached to the regiment, and each company will recruit two drummers, who will be organized into a drum corps. It is my intention to make this tho best re giment of volunteers in the service from Penn sylvania, and all who desire to play soldier, in ac cordance with rules and regulations for the govern ment of the regular army, will find it to their in terest to join my command. lam particularly de sirous of baring with me the men with whom I served in the army of General Patterson on the upper Potomac. Those who wish to recruit com panies, or parts of companies, will address mo at Doylestown, Bucks county, Pa. I would remark, in conclusion, for the informa tion of the public, that I received a military edu cation, and have since seen a good deal of service in the field in time of war. W. W. H. Davis, Captain Doylestown Guards. August 27,1851. Travel Rescued.—By a despatch dated Wells villo, Ohio, August 29th, we learn that the travel on the Cleveland and Pittsburg, and the Pittsburg, Columbus, and Cincinnati route, via Steubenville, will be resumed to-day, the bridge recently destroy ed by the freshet having been repaired. Large Sale of Carpetings and Mattings The particular attention of purchasers is requested to the large and attractive assortment of 500 picoes rich volvct, Brussels, three-ply, ingrain, Venitian, hemp, and list carpeting, rugs, mats, Canton, white and red checked, and cocoa matting; also Eng glish worsted and filling; to bo peremptorily sold by catalogue for cash, commencing this morning, at 10f o’clock, by Myers, Claghorn,* Co., auctioneer?. Nos. 232 and 234 SUtlMt street. LETTER FROM “OCCASIONAL." Washington, Aug. 28, 1801, Does it ever occur to you that the Southern leaders have surrendered their favorite theory of States Rights ? In ntiomjiting to establish a now confederacy they have murdered the very theories on which it lias been erected. State Bights, practically carried out, means a number of petty sovereignties, irresponsible aud powerless. The rebels know that they must have a strong government or no govern ment at all. They must control tlie masses witli a heavy hand—they cannot tolerate a dissentient sentiment, and if they are npt una nimous in civil matters the sword must bring tlie people to one mind. IV hen this rebellion first dawned, there were any number of coun sels in the South— there were Union men in cverv State outside of South Carolina—and numerous communities were almost in arms for Hie Union. Look at East Tennessee! Can any one think for a moment that the people who supported Andrew Johnson so zealously havo so suddenly accepted the yoke of Jeffer son Davis? And all through tlie South oilier illustrations of this fearful tyranny may bo found. What tlie South must have, if it suc ceeds, is a consolidated monarchical govern ment. Before Senator Wade, of Ohio, left Wash ington, he obtained an order from tho Govern ment directing him to raise a regiment of cavalry and a battery of artillery for the war. The Senator lias been busily engaged in re cruiting through the Reserve, and hopes to pass the regiment over to tlie G overnment in tlie space of a few days, as it is nearly com pleted. Letters received from tlie Senator express confidence in tlie success of tlie Union ticket now being constructed by tlie Bepuhli-’ can and Douglas Democratic organizations. Tlie people are almost unanimous in heart and soul for a Union movement of all such as aro for a vigorous prosecution of the war, and against all compromise witli traitors. A ticket on this basis, lie thinks, will carry the State by a majority of more Ilian three to one against any opposition or combination that can be formed. The programme of the Union men in Ohio seems to be the nomination of David Tod for Governor. This is intended as an especial compliment to tlie Douglas Democracy, whose representative and leader Mr. Tod as chairman of the Democratic Convention may he consider ed. In the Reserve and northeastern parts of the State Mr. Tod is extremely popular, and it is thought that the southern and middle portions of tlie State will adopt him as their candidate, lie lias been paying out Ills money to carry on tlie war for the Union, and is one of its most efficient and enthusiastic advocates. If Mr. Tod is nominated it is thought Robert Corwin, a distinguished Republican, will be taken as the Lieutenant-Governor. At any rate, wo may place Ohio on high ground for tho Union and the Constitution. Occasional. LETTER FROM NEW YORK. POLITICS THE SLAVE-TRADE CASE A FEACE MEETING rOSTL'QNED —THK ARREST OF EliLlS B. SCHNAIIKti —AN ALLKOED SKOKSfrIONIST FOUND IKKOCKKT—A SILLY RUMOR—NO MORE CLEAR ANCES FOR MATAMOROS —A SAB SCENE —NEWS FROM BELIZE. [Correspondence of Tlie Press.] New York, Aug. 29, 1861. The Democratic politicians of the city hold a grand pow-wow at Tammany Ilall to-night, with a viow, it is said, of devising, if possible, some mean 3 of harmonizing their differences, so as to run but one ticket at tlie fall elections. The first advance was mado by tho Mozart Hall Committee, and tho Tammany Hall people, disposed to give thorn tlio benefit of a hearing, concluded to call a meeting «z supra . The result of their deliberations is looked for with interest. Macbardo, of whom I wrote yesterday, has been discharged upon purely a legal technicality, the commissioner deciding that he had no evidence of the prisoner having been engaged in the slave traffic, nowever, steps will undoubtedly bo taken to havo the ease again brought up. The “Peace Mooting” at Newtown, L. 1., having been indefinitely postponed, it is proposed to have a Union meeting there this evening. Tho lion. Richard Bnsteed and lien. Luther C. Carter aro announced to speak, and delegations are expected from Jamaica and Blushing. The particulars of the arrest of Mr. Schnabel, of your city, for treason, will reach you by telegraph. He is woll known hero in political circles, but, as you may well imagine, bas very few sympathizing friends at present. Harrold. the alleged Secessionist, arrested last evening, was this morning discharged. There was no evidence ready to prove that he was a friend of the Southern Confederacy, but bis baggage, con tained in five large trunks, is still detained at the police headquarters. An unfoundod report was in circulation to-day that every mail and express train which left tho city this morning carried with it a detective officer, whose duty it was to hunt up bundles of Secession papers, and arrest all persons found with copies in their possession. Marshal Murray is endeavoring to prevent the circulation of these papers, but it is not understood that individuals found with single copies about their persons aro liable to arrest. The clearance of the brig Kibbe with a cargo of provisions, etc., for Matamoros, Moxico, thus vir tually establishing communication with the rebels, lias induced the Secretary of the Treasury to issue an order interdicting the future clearance of ves sels for that port. Lost ovoning, a sad ease onmo to the knowledge of the Fifth ward police. A man, named William Aikin, residing at No. 504 Canal street, died from neglect, brcathiDg his last while a woman called his wife lay upon the floor in a fit of drunkenness. An examination proved the unfortunate man to have been sick for some time, but no physician had attended him, and for several days food had not passed his lips. Tho checks were sunken, and every featuro indicated that the death had been one of agony. The scene was too sickening for con templation. By the arrival of the British brig Kate, Captain Stevens, at this port, advices have been received from Belize, Honduras, to August sth. Several vessels were loading mahogany for Burope. Busi ness was very dull, and tho provision market over stocked, some of tho large importers haring enough to last until Christmas. A Card. In justice to myself and the Secretary of War, I make tho following statontefit, to refute certain allegations which, uncontradicted, are calculated to do injury to the Government. Under directions of Paymaster General Earned, I went to Harrisburg on Monday, the 2Zd day of July, for the purpose of assisting in paying off the three-months volunteers, who were there waiting to be mustered out of the service. A draft for one hundred thousand dollars had been sent to me by tho Paymaster General. The troops, who were pre sent in great numbers, were clamorous and impa tient for their money. I could not pay them in coin, having made every effort to obtain it from tho different banking institutions of Harrisburg in vain. Their anxiety to get borne was such that, after consultation with their officers, I agreed to pay them by cheeks on the Treasury of the United States, taking care to obtain tho full approml of the privates themselves. I informed them that the checks were not only good, hut they would be redeemed in gold. In consultation with the officers who were anx ious to turn these checks into currency, I told them that any of the hanks in Harrisburg would cash them and give them what gold they could spare. My brother officer, Major Bruce Cameron, redeemed about nine thousand dollars of these cheoks in spe. cie, but when they were presented at the Mecha nics’ Savings Bank, tho officers of which are hostile to General Cameron, that institution paid out some notes (as I am informed) of tho Middletown Bank, an institution which stands so high in Pennsylvania as to be beyond all doubt, and the notes of whiqh were gladly received by the soldiers. Since my arrival in this city I have learned, with much pain, that some of tho enemies of General Ca meron have used this fact to bis injury. I have only to say that I was entirely ignorant of any in tention on the part of the officers of the Mechanics’ Savings Bank to pay out these notes; that in issu ing the checks upon the Treasury, I did so at the earnest solicitation of tho officers and men them selves, and that they were as grateful to me for do ing so as I was glad to accommodate them. Andrew M. Sallade, Paymaster, U. S. A. Incidents of the Charleston (Mo.) Fight. The Cairo correspondent of the Cincinnati Gazette gives the following interesting items about the fight at Charleston, Missouri: Colonel Dougherty, the men say .(fought like a tiger. He was armed with nothing but a navy re volver, but each time he used it he brought his man, At one time a rebel trooper camo charging upon him, sabering right and loft. Col. D., seeing his danger, snatched a musket from the ground, and, poising it just as the trooper was upon him, drove the bayonet clear through the fellow, his impaled body pitching over, and his foet raking tho C<?i9U?Vs head- Horses and Carriages.—Mr. Horkness will hold an attractive sale, on Saturday, at the Bazaar, Ninth and Sansom streets. Included in the sale will be two entire driving establishments—one by order of'exooutors, besides several supsrior family horses, cavalry horses, Ac., and a large colleotiou of new and socond-liand carriages. Catalogue Sale of Furniture, Piano, Ac.— This morning, at ten o’olook, at No. 914 Chestnut street, will bo Bold a large assortment of superior furniture, rosewood piano, billhud table, large mir rors, Ac. T. Birch A Son, auctioneers. THE PRESS-PHILADELPHIA, FRIDAY, AUGUST 30. 186 L LATEST NEWS FBOM WASHINGTON. REBELS AT BAILEES CROSS ROAD, THEY CHARGE A STOVE-PIPE BATTERY. ARMY APPOINTMENTS. IMPORTANT ORDER FROM THE WAR DEPARTMENT. Comforting the Enemy Punishable with Death. TO VOLUNTEER OFFICERS. BLOCKADE TO BE RESPECTED BY EUROPEAN POWERS. MSeOSTINUAXCK OF POST-ROUTES IN KKIfTUCKT. FROM FORTRESS MONROE. BAISSOUBI AFFAIRS. INTERESTING FROM NEW MEXICO. Special Despatches to “The Press.” Washington, August 23, 1861. Important Order from the War Depart- OIVINC INPOIiMATION TO TIIE ENEMY— DEATH TUG The Yi'nr Department has just issued tho follow ing order: By the 57th article of the act of Congress, entitled an act for establishing rules find articles for the go vernment of tho armies of the United States, ap proved April 10th, 1806, holding correspondence with, or giving intelligence to tho enemy, either directly or indirectly, is mado punishable by death, or such other punishment as shall bo ordered by the sentence of a court-martial. Public safety requires the strict enforcement of this article. It is therefore ordered that nil correspondence and communications, verbally or by writing, print ing or telegraphing, respecting tho operations of the army, or military movemonts on land or water, or respecting tho troops, camps, arsenals, entrench ments, or military affairs within the several mili tary districts, by which intolligonoo shall bo direct ly or indirectly given to tho enemy, without tlio authority and sanction of the general in command, be. and tlio same are absolutely prohibited, and from and after tho dato of this order persons violating the same will be proceodcd against under tho fifty seventh nrticlo of war. Another order provides that tho commissioned officers of all volunteer and militin organizations, no manor whether established under tho authority of a State or the United States, will be regarded as having been commissioned on the day whon mus tered into tho sorvice of tho United Statos, and will take their respective grades and bo entitled to pay and be obeyed and respected in their several posi tions from that date. Hereafter no miners will bo mustered into tho service of the United States as volunteers without the consent of their parents or guardians. The Skirmishes Along the Potomac. It is extremely difficult to obtain reliable intelli gence respecting tho results of tho picket encoun ters on the other side of tho river, but there seems to be truth in the reports that sovoral of our troops were killed and others wounded along our lines yes terday and last night. An Order to Volunteer Officers. Tho War Department has issued an order requir ing the commanding officers of regiments or inde pendent companies, to take measures to keop the strength of their commands up to the maximum standard of organization, proscribed by general or ders No. 15 for cavalry and infantry, and general orders No, 16 for artillery. For this purpose they will detail from limo to time, as required, one com missioned officer, or two if necessary, with one or two non-commissioned officers or privates, to recruit in the district in which tho regiment or companies were raised. For the purpose of ascertaining whether tho con tractors for tho transportation of the United Statos midis in the States of Kentucky, Missouri, and Maryland are “faithful and loyal to the Union,” and with a view of preventing such of them as might be found to be disloyal from drawing from tho Government the means to aid the treasonable rebellion intended to overthrow tho Constitution and tlie Union, John F. SnAMETTS, Esq., tho faithful and efficient acting Auditor of tho Trea sury for tlie Post Office Department, recently ad dressed a circular letter to the postmaster at the residence of each of the mail contractors in those States. The information already derived through tho instrumentality of the circular referred to is of great importance to the Government. It has been tlie means of preventing very largo sums of money from being drawn from the Treasury by men, some of whom are openly and others covertly laboring for tho destruction of the integrity of the Union, and who would, doubtless, havo employed at least a portion of the means thus derived from tho Government in aid of the armed rebellion of Jeff. Davis & Co. Wc also loam that important in- formation touching the loyalty of persons other than mail contractors has been obtained by means Of the circular in question. Dismissal of a Virginia Officer. Captain Gunnix Chapin, of the Virginia Se venth Infantry, having given proof of disloyalty, is dismissed from the service of tho United States, to take effect immediately. Discontinuance of Post Routes m Ken tucky. The Post Office Department having been p*s sessed of authentic information that tho mails have been repeatedly violated, and cannot bo carried safely in that part of Kentucky named heroin, it is ordered that the post officos at Hickman, Colum bus. and Paducah, IContuelcy, and all tbo other post offices and post routes iu Kentucky west of the Tennessee river, be discontinued, excepting ns follows: Route No. 9,652, from Russollvillo via Cadiz and Mayfield, is continued as far as Mill burn, and all the post offices on that route, except ing Aurora, are continued. Also, route No. 9,694, from Edderllle to Olrre, and tho post offices there on, are continued. Tho special supply is con tinued. Orer two hundred exiles escaped from East Ten nessee, and, travelling on foot ovor two hundred miles, arrived in a destitute condition at Danville, Kentucky, leaving their homes, property, wires, and children. After reoeiving refreshments, they proceeded next day to the Union camp in Garrard county, and enlisted in the national service. Tlie New Treasury Issue. Seven hundred thousand dollaTS of the now Trea sury Notes were sent offi-to St. Louis to-day. Tho enominatioss included $5O, $lOO, $5OO, and $l,OOO otes. Other States will be supplied immediately: Jeff. Davis and the State of Missouri. It is announced that Jeff. Datis has or is about to issue a proclamation announcing the admission of Missouri into the Southern Confederacy—recogniz ing Jackson as Chief Magistrate of that State, and his reoent acts and proclamations as valid. The Blockading Fleet. The Navy Department hto ho intelligence yet from the fleet that left Fortress Monroo on Mon day. They were detained several days at the Fort, ress before sailing, and operations on the coast of North Carolina will now ho retarded from tho same cause. The President’s private secretary, Hat, ia out again. He left the city this morning to join Mrs. Lincoln and cECort her home from Niagara Falls. Tho President baa recognized Korbut Bart as vies consul of Prussia, at St. Louis, Missouri. Activity at the Navy Yard. Commodore. Dahlghen is crowding in an in creased force, and has organized double gangs of men, to run the works night and day. Fifteen hundred men are now employed. Orer 14,000 shot from 50-pounders down, are cast per day, and three to four hundred shell are finished orery ten hours, Owing to the scarcity of business! in the Patent Office, the clerks hare had their pay reduced twenty per cent The following appointments were made to-day: Wm. Smith, of Orwell, Vt., to bo an additional paymaster. Isaac B. Bowditch, of Burlington, Vt., a commis sary of subsistence, with the rank of eaptain. Joseph S. York, captain in the Fifteenth infant ry, regular army. .. Simon Smith, major of tho second regimentof Min nesota volunteers, to be a paymaster In the U. S. A with the rank of major, Tiee Major Randolph Mar cy, promoted th bo Inspector General. I am assured at the office of Gen. Scott, and by Gon. McCi.ki.i.ar, that tho battles, skirmishes, do., reported to have taken place “OTer the river” during the last twonty-four hours. have all originated in the prolific brain of panic makers. General McCr.Er.LAX, on hearing of activo movements, passed over and examined the lines. He returned reporting “nil quiot.” Movements and counter movements are made by the advanced guards of both armies, but collisions arc avoided on both sides. BY TELEGRAPH. TIIE NAVAL EXPEDITION. DEPREDATIONS OF THE REBELS. PUNISHMENT. Disloyal Contractors. Exiles Escaping from the South. Out Again. Prussian Vice Consul at St. Louis. Reducing Wages. Army Appointments. UnfcJjunded Rumors. Chas. B. Pottinger. Ciias. B. Pottinokr, of Philadelphia, and for many years connected with the press in your city, has been appointed master’s mate in tho nary, and assigned to the United Statos brig Perry, at Alex andria. CHARI.V.S carries with him tho unminglod sympathy of his peers, in thus being consigned to perpetual confinement. The New Stamps and Envelopes. Distant offices have not yet been supplied. No postmaster, however, is required to refuse tho old stamps and envelopes until six days havo expired after he has been supplied with tho new issue. At tention to this will prevent tho necessity of post masters writing to Washington for instructions. Alarm Among the Rebels. The leaders of tho Secession movement in Ten riosseo are becoming alarmed at tho appointmont of General Houert Anderson to tho command of the Union troops in Kentucky and Tennessee. He has a namo for bravery, and they dread his presence. They appeal to Kentucky to keop him away. Gon. Anderson is not alarmed. His mission wilt be faithfully performed. A Rupture in the Confederate Congress. It is no longer a matter of uncertainty that the 80-called Confederate Congress is in trouble. Its proceedings are opposed by some of its own mem bers, and, notwithstanding that all its proceedings are conducted with closed doors, facts have leaked out which are causing distress to tlie anxious sup porters of the wicked rebellion. It is a divided house. Prisoners Released on Parole to be Dis charged from Service. All onlisted men in the volunteer scrvico, who have boon taken prisoners by tbo enemy and re leased on pnrole, will be discharged from the ser vice. The “ Union League” of North Carolina. There arc thousands in North Carolina who aro determined to hold to the death the possession of their properly against tho proclamation of Jjspp Davis. They have formed a longue, and arc gain ing in numbers and strength, and will resist to tho fullest extent of their ability any attempt to de prive them of their rights. The Firing Heard in Washington Yes- terduy. The correspondent of the Star, of this evening, tinder date of August 29, says the firing was a waste of powder, not on our sido, but on that of the Confederates. They fired from a battery of thoirs which must have been stationed not fnr from Bull’s Cross Roads. A gentleman who had been out yes terday to our advanced positions showed me, on his return in the afternoon, a six-pound bail, which had passed entirely through a house not far boyond our main lino. They probably supposed our pick ets wero there, or wanted to try their riingo. They fired several shells, none of which reached our works, but they were near enough to alarm tho la borers employed at two or three points, many of whom left in a hurry. It is hardly necessary to say that we are ready to receive company at a minute’s notice, here or elsewhere. Seizure of Arms. According to the Star, of this evening, a compa ny of Indiana volunteers from Major Gonoral Basks ’ column, searched the house of Mr. N. Sti vers, of New Market, Maryland, early on last Thursday morning, obtaining over twenty United States rifles, which had been secreted between the floor and ceiling. Scvoral more wero obtained from other places. A Soldier Hurt. CuAnLES Werner, a member of Captain Gha ut's company of Colonel Ysung’s regiment of ca valry, who, it was rumored, says the Star, had his leg shot off by a cannon shot in a skirmish over the river, was brought to tho city yesterday, and taken to the Infirmary. He had his leg fractured by the kick of a horse. Regulation Uniforms. Officers frequently arrivo here wearing emblems not authorized. Tho army regulations, issued by the War Department, requires : 1. That General officers and officers of tho Geno ral staff—tho General staff embracing tho officers Of the Adjutant General’s, Inspector General's, Quartermaster General’s, subsistence, and other General departments —wear a button having a spy tad eagle and stars and a plain border. 2. Gcnoral officers aro to wear no trimming on their trowsers. 3. Officers of the General Staff and Staff Corps— the Staff Corps comprising Engineers, Topographi cal Engineers, and Ordnance—aro required to wear a gold cord onc-eighth of an inch in diameter, lot into the outer scam. Shoulder straps for all of tho foregoing to be on dark blue cloth. 4. Officers of artillery, infantry, riflemen, dra goons, and cavalry, and their regimental staff, wear a button similar in shape td tho staff button, without the stars or border, and With a letter on the shield to designate the arm of service. 5. The colors of cloth for officer’s shoulder straps, and cord for trowsers. arc required to bo as follows: artillory—scarlet; infantry—light or sky bluo; riflemen —medium or Emerald greon; dragoons— orange; cavalry—yellow. Bounties, Soldiers’ Pay, Etc. The acts of the late session in reference to bounties, pay, Ac., of soldiers, appears not to be generally understood. A gentleman versed in the laws fur nishes the following facts : 1, By acts of tho lato Congress all bountios for enlistment wore abolished, as well as tho two-dol lar fee for bringing recruits to the rendezvous for enlistment. 2. For the first rc-cnlistmcnt in tho regular army, the soldier is to receive two dollars per month in addition to his former pay, and one dol lar for every subsequent enlistment. ?• Soldiers who now enter tho service, either as regulars or volunteers, l! for tho war,” and sorvo out their enlistment, shall, with tlieic discharge, receive One hundred dollars bounty, or that amount will bo paid to the legal representatives of such as die or are killed in the servico. 4. After the 6th August, 1861, privates who re ceive eleven dollars will receive thirteen, and these who formerly received twelve dollars will also re ceive thirteen—privates and corporals receive Iho same pay—but no other change is made in the pay of non-commissioned officers, musicians, or arti ficers. 5. By the increase in tho privates’ pay, tho al lowance of every officer who has a servant is in creased thereby —cither twelve or twenty-four dol lars per year for each servant he is entitled to. Note. —There is no authority for the offer of §3O now made as an inducement to enlist. The addi tional bounty for enlistments at distant points is also abolished. The fee for administering tho oath is abolished ; tbat duty is hereafter to bo performed by a commissioned officer. Surgeons Appointed. ■ Dr. Jonx (J. F. Holston, professor of surgery in the National Medical College, of this city, and Dr. IT. E. Waters, demonstrator of anatomy in the same institution, hare been appointed brigade sur geons in the United States army, says the Star. Professor Lowe. Professor Lowe has gone orer into Virginia with his now silk balloon. Arrivals from Pennsylvania. Wi/lard’g.—lh.oa. S. Anooster, Dr. John Neil, Capt. T.H. Neil, Howard Ellis, Phila. light Artil lery Chas. Mellvaina, R. Kent. Kirkwood's. —A. B. Pailby, Arthur Dodson, P. S. Rowland. Brown's.— Geo. W. Wharton, It. W. Cromelier, Major James M. Dewitt, R. H. Ramsey, P. J. Ni ohols, A. Graysin, D. Graysin. National.— J. A. Rathe, Daniel Stone, C. Y. Stone, H. B. Blood. War Spirit in Boston Unabated. Boston, Aug. 29.—The report to-day that tho War Department has called for five * additional regiments from Massachusetts renews the military patriotism of our poeple. Senator Wilson’s regiment was initiated to-day with three hundred recruits, including the Salem Zouaves. .Col. Lee will recruit a second regiment in the western part of the State, and Col. Sprague the third in Worcester county. Tho formation of tho other two will be immediately made. At a publio meeting this afternoon, stirring ad dresses were made by Senator Wilson, Congress man Rice, Mayor Wightman, and others, who pledged that Massachusetts, in the present struggle, would maintain her ancient fame in battling for liberty. The meeting was a large and enthusiastio •ne. The first instalment of the Government loan of ten millions was formally accepted at a meeting of the Associated Banks to*day. Arrest of Secessionists in Maryland. Baltimore, Aug. 29.—Daniel Deekert, editor of the Hagerstown Mail , a Secession paper, has been arrested by order of the Government. Gen. Mo- Caig, State Senator from Alleghany county, was also arrested in Washington county, where, it u stated, he has been ever since his course in the Legislature rendered him obnoxious to the Union sentiment of his county. Both prisoners haro pro bably been sent to Fort McHenry. The Remains of Gen. Lyon. ARRIVAL AT CINCINNATI. Cincinnati, Aug. 29. —The rom ains of Genera Lyon reached here this morning, and were escorted by the military and citizens to Smith and Mixon’s Hall, where they lie in state till nine o’olook this evening. Large numbers visited the bail during tho day. The body will bo taken East to-night. A Philadelphian Sent to Fort Laftiyette. New York, Aug. 29.—Ellis B. Schnabel, who was arrested’for treasonable speeches in ConSQfitiout has beanieonfinod at Fort Lafayette. Mr. Machardo, who was arrested on thrfißftrge of engaging in the slave trade, has been disohQrg*! for want'of legal evidence. The Fifth New Jersey Regiment. Tbes»», Aug. 29, —The Fifth Regiment of Now Jersey Volunteers, fully equipped, and numbering nearly tlie full complement o men, with wagons, homes, Ac., left this afternoon at 3 o’clock cn route for the seat of war. The New York Custom House. New York, Aug. 29.—N0 clearanees for goods will hweifler be permitted for MaUmoras, by order of the Secretary of the Treasury. FBOM NEW MEXICO, PAROLE OF THE UNITED SEATZS TROOPS. MARTIAL LAW PROCLAIMED BY GDI. CANBY. ARREST OF UNITED STATES OFFICERS. FORT STANTON ABANDONKD AND BURNT. Independence, Ang. 2?. —The Santa Fe mail anil Canon City ex pi ess have arrived here, bringing dates from Santa Fu to tile 17th inst., and Canon 1 City to tho 26th inst. The express brought three passengers, and $2O 000 in gold dost. Tho United States troops, 750 in number, who surrendered to 300 Toxan rangers, eighteen miles from Fort Fillmore, have boen reloasod on parole. The Toxans retained their arms, and the horses belonging to the companies of mounted rifles. General W. Petham, formerly surveyor general of Hew Mexico, and Colonel Clements, wore arrested in Santa Fo, and oonfinod- in the guard-house, by order'of Colonel Canby, commander of tho Depart ment of New Mexico. They were suspected of giving improper information to the Texas troops. At Fort Bliss, below El Paso, Colonel Clements took the oath of allegiance, and was discharged. Gen. Petham refused to take the oath, and is still tonfined in tho guard house. The Hon. Mr. Otoro, of Albuquerque, ha 3 been selected to head a regiment of Now Mexican volun teers, that is to bo raised in the Territory. Col. Canby has, by proclamation, suspended the writ of haboos corpus in New Mexico. Fort Stanton hus been abandoned by tho United States troops,’and destroyed by fire, by order of Col. Canby. New Mexico has been visited lately with very heavy rains, which have done considerable damage to property. From Missouri. DEPREDATIONS BV THE REDELS. Lexington, Aug. 29. —The rebels, encouraged by tho exaggerated reports of the battle near Springfield, are congregating in largo numbers in this and tho surrounding counties, committing ail kinds of outrages upon Union men and their pro perty. If they are nllowod to overrun Lafayette, Bay, and other such counties in this part of the State, as they are now doing, they will steal enough from the Union men to subsist tboir army for a month. In view of this condition of things, as sistance has been asked of General Fremont. Tho Home Guards still occupy the fortifications here, and are well supplied with arras and provi sions. They can probably hold the place, but rein forcements are needed to operate against parties who arc ravaging the country. Prominent Union men are daily threatened with death, and Gov. King, of Bay county, has been frequently warned ) but his devotion to the Union is unshaken, and he and his sons are ready to shoulder their muskets. DASTARDLY ATTEMPT TO BLOW UP A RAILROAD TRAIN. Holla, Mo., Aug. 29.— The correspondent of the St. Louis Democrat furnishes following intelli gence. An attempt was made, yesterday, to blow up tho train due bore at 4.50 this afternoon. As the train reached a point eight miles east of he an explosion took place benoath the locomo tiv Swrering it with dirt and gravoi, and slightly wo hding the engineer. On hacking tho train to the sido track it wa3 dis covered that a keg of powder had boon buried be tween tho rails, which was exploded in some unac countable manner when the engino passed over it. The explosion occurred on an embankment over twenty feet high, and had its force been spent in an upward direction, instead of latterally, as was tho ease, the train would doubtless have boon thrown from tho track, and several lives lost. A company of cavalry w ent down the railroad to reconnoitre last night, &und several rails torn up in a deep cut, near Jamestown, and fired upon three suspicious char “ ctMS 611 the track close by, but with what result w known. Gen. Mcßride, wi , BU '' rebels, is reported to be on Spring Creek, twenty miles southwest from here. From Gen. Banks’ Command. Htattstown, Aug. 28. —A gentleman who ar rived here from Harper’s Ferry to-day, reports that the Unionists are leaving there in great numbers. There were no Secession forces in that neighbor hood, except about 150 cavalry, under Col. Hen derson. Advices from Martinsburg give the following in telligence : Tho rebels have succeeded in taking down and removing to Winchester two of tho Baltimorß and Ohio Kailrond locomotives. They also sent to the same place a portion of the machinery belonging to tho company’s workshops there, breaking up and disabling the remainder. It is stated to be tlioir intention to take up suffi cient of the track to connect Winchester with Slrausburg. There was no strong force, either in Jefferson or Berkley counties. The property of the [Union people had not been confiscated or molested up to the time that my informant left. Yiuwio rumors have circulated hers to-dny to the cffcct°that the enemy were about to muku demon strations at Edwards' or Nolan’s ferry. From the South. ILLNESS Or DAVIS AND STEPHENS. Louisville. Aug. 29. —Tho surveyor ot'customs at this port publishes a card, threatening to seize all wagons, vehicles, and steamboats, that mny bo found engaged in the transportation of articles for aiding the rebellion, after the Ist of September next. . . A special despatch from Richmond on the 27th inst., to tho Nashville Union and American , says a largo number of prominent Kentuckians who have arrived there represent !l that feeling of resistance to Lincoln's Government in Kentucky is unmistakably on the increase, and numerous letters from Kentucky indicate the same feeling." President Davis is still confined with an attack of chills and fever, which may induce Congress to postpone its adjournment. Vice President Stephens is lying sick at Manassas Junction. , „ ~ .. The Richmond EtcaMtner of the 2uth soys the Confederate Congress has decided to repeal the law establishing ports of entry and throw all the South ern coast open to foreign commerce, providing that vessels which run the blockade into shore inlets may pay the Confederate duties at tho port nearest their landing. There is some dissension in the Confederate Con gress in reference to the confiscation, Some advo cate the confiscation of all Yankee property in tho South, and others favor a sequestration of estate. Congress has appropriated SBOO,OOO for a floating defence at New Orleans, and §160.000 for two iron clad boats for the defenco of tho Mississippi river, and the city of Memphis. The Charleston Courier says James L. Orr has raised an independent regiment for the war, and is eagerly awaiting marching orders. The Memphis Appeal says Lincoln refuses to dis band his camps in Kentucky, and insists that tho Confederate forces shall advance to meet the foe, instead of awaiting his intrusion upon Tennessee The Avalanche says tho sehoonor Addhm with three former federal army and nary officers aboard, ■was brought to by a United States man-of-war, but taking advantage of a squall, got into Savannah with a cargo of coffee, fruits, and lead. Tho correspondent of the Huntsville Advocate tells the planters to give their negroes more molas ses and rice, and less bacon, which plan would di minish tho consumption of bacon two-and a-quarter million pounds weekly in tho Southern Confcde q?he Memphis Avalanche congratulates its read ers that no more letters are to go North, and nopc3 the interdiction of all intercourse between the two sections will be complete and everlasting. Lively Doings beyond the Potomac. Washington, Aug. 29. —A messenger from the Virginia side this morning, states that our picket forces.advanced to Bailey ? s Cross Roads yesterday, and drove those of tho rebels a mile and a half be yond where it is said the latter have taken posses sion of a commanding eminence, and are throwing up entrenchments. There was much firing during tho day, but without fatal results. The inhabi tants generally, of that section, have removed elsewhere, some of them to this city. A dash of tho rebel cavalry, it is reported by the messenger, was mad© at what they supposed to be ft deserted cannon, after about twelve rounds had been fired at it from their howitzers. On a near ap proach, howevor, they discovered it to be a sham. Some of the Michiganders had deceived the enemy for sport, by mounting a stovo pipe on an old pair of wheels. _ _ . Daniel Knipple, of the Second Michigan Regi ment, was killed by the accidental discharge of a gun in the hands of a comrade. From Fortress Monroe. Fortress Monroe, August 28. —We hare no ti dings from the Naval Expedition. Accompanying the flag of truco from Norfolk, yesterday, were Col. John Carrie Hampton, a son ot Gen. Huger, of Norfolk, and several prominent Secessionists from Old Point. They had tho impu dence to cheer the Confederate flag, while at an chor under tho guns of the Mount Vernon-, and the flag-ship, during tho absence of Commodore Stringbam. _ It tumß out that tho firing upon our flag of truce from Craney Island, some weeks ago, was entirely unauthorized by General Huger. On hearing of tho outrage, ho sent an apology to Commodore Stringham. The Blockade to be_ Respected by Eu- ropean Powers. Washington, August 29. — Tho statement tW nstrfl has Veen reeeiyed indicating a certain and speedy recognition of the Confederate States by England is unfoundod. On the contrary, the indi cations arc, that all tho European Goycrnmcnts in tend to continuo to respect tho blockade, and to await tho result of tho contest. , _ oa ijj,e president has recogmaod Robert Earn. as yioe Consul of Prussia at St. Louis. No Pm'ateer off Cape Boston, Aug. 29.—Tho schooner wli» 4 the Agrie»la off Capo Ann was the t Wtld Pisrcon, on a pleasure excursion. Tn» \ ’was no privateer in the case. The oaptain oftl? Agnmla Fas imposed on. __ Arrest of a Union Man by*|f ■'essionists. Baltimore, Aug. 29.—A prW letter says the Secessionists of Virginia have arrested Colonel Strother, the well-known projr iotor of Berkoloy Springs, and carried him prr.enor to Richmond. He is quite ngod, but, being suspected of loyalty to the Government, iuouir*a the displeasure of hla Secession neighbors. ARRIVAL OF THE STEAMER ASIA. THBEE DATS LATER FROM EUROPE. AFFAIRS XU ITALY, FRANCE, AUSTRIA, Ac. COTTON SUPPLY FROM EGYPT. COMMERCIAL ANT) FINANCIAL NEWS. THE DANK KATE IN LONDON REDUCED* The royal mail steamer Asia, Captain Xot't. which sailed’ from.Lvverpeel at 8 o’clock on the morning of the 17th, and from Queenstown on tho evening of sho 18th instant, arrived at N®w'York yesterday, bringing 151,743 in specie. Tho Great Eastern arrived at Liverpool at 7.30 on* the evening of tho 19th. The New York reached- Southampton, and the 1 Cffatsgow Liverpool; on tho mooning of the 16th inctant. Tie Arabia arrived afc Queenstown early on the morning Of tho 17th instant. GREAT BRITAIN TM political news is quite unimportant. An ex citing:*iection contest for tho now Parliamentary seat for South Lancashire wao in progress. Tho candidates were Mr. Cheotham, of Manchester, (Liberal,) and Mr. Charles Turner, of Liverpool. (Conservative.) The American- question entered largely into the speeches during the canvass. Mr. Cheethuai —aa a disciple of the John Bright school—being charged with tho wish of American izing England. The King of Sweden- was sojourning in London, and visiting the various objects-of interest. A grand review in his honor had taken place at Al dershoot, and he is Maid to have been particularly complimentary in his remarks upon the cavalry. The annual mooting of the Social Science Asso ciation was in progress at Dublin, with Lord Brougham as president. A letter from Mr. Haywood, the secretary of the Cotton Supply Association, detailing tho result of his interview with the Viceroy of Egypt, and his general impressions as to tho productive capacity of the country for cotton, is published, lie believes that the growth of cotton may bo extended to an unlimited extent, and says that one of tho recom mendations of the Viceroy was., that English capi talists should come forward and make those ad vances upon the growing crops, at a reasonable rate of interest, which have boen hitherto made at roost exorbitant rates. He believed this would in duce the Fellahs to considerably extend their pro duction. American seed sown in Egypt had pro duced cotton valued in liver pool at Bd. per )b M and it is recommended to send small parcels of this seed to tho several Pashasof Egypt and largo culti vators of cotton. The Nicaraguan ambassador in London, offers a free and liberal grant of land in Nicaragua to set tlers there, for the purpose of growing cotton. Tho shipment of the first cotton from Nicaragua (thirty bales) i 3 announced. Tho Galway Company, in their report, construe the recent language of Lord Palmerston into a po sitive promise that the mail contract will be restor ed to when the company is in a position to carry it out. FRANCE. Tho fete of the Assumption, and of tho Empe ror, was celebrated as usual at Paris, on the loth instant. The Bourse on the 16th was firm, but Rentes at the close showed a slight decline, the prices being 63.45. ITALY. The political news is unimportant. A religious ceremony in honor of the fete Napo leon took place in one of the Turin churches on the 15th inst., and a fine illumination at Naplos. A letter from Rome, in the Daily News, says that Miss Harriet Hosmer, of whom America is justly proud, has completed her fine colossal statue of Colonel Benton, to be erected in bronze at St. Louis, when it shall have been cast by the Munich foundry, to which the model will soon be consigned. It also says that Miss Hosmer will bo nobly repre sented at the Great Exhibition in London next year by her statue of tho “ Captive Queen Zenobia..” The Inde-pendence Beige asserts that the Frcneh Government had ordered General Guyon net to oppose the entrance of General Cialdini and his troops into the Papal territory, should the necessity af war require it. Part o£ the English squadron had arrived at Naples from Malta. The Italian soldiers had taken from the insur gents the villages of Ponte Landolfo, in the pro vince of Sannio, and that of Casaldini, in the pro vince of Molise. AUSTRIA, It is stated that the War Office at Vienna was busily engaged in weeding from the regiments in Hungary every officer not known to be personally devoted to Austrian interests andpliable in a strug gle which is hold to ho unavoidable. The Journal ties Debats sayg the Austrian Go vernment intends to call on the population of Hun gary to elect Deputies direct to the Reichsrath at Vienna, and says that course would be equivalent to settling the question with the sword. It recom mends the Emperor to call a now Diet as the last means of conciliation. RUSSIA. A letter from St. Petersburg states, that the un expected visit of tho King of Sweden to the Em peror of the French has produced some sensation in the political circles in that city. It i 3 the more re marked because the King of Sweden eighteen months since wns to have paid a visit to the Em peror Alexander, hut he has not done so. Tho Swedish envoy has exerted himself to tranquilize the susceptibilities of the court of Russia. The postponement of tho visit of the King of Prussia to tho Emperor of the French is attributed to the desire of the Cabinet of Berlin not to offend the Emperor of Russia. TURKEY. The Turkish Government was actively progress ing with financial reforms, and making prepara tions for the establishment of a national bank. Omer Pasha was indisposed. lie was at Mostar. A great fire had taken place in the Turkish quar ter of Smyrna. The International Commission had decided in favor of the Porte on the question of the settlement of the boundaries of tho mouths of the Danube, pending between the Porte and Moldavia. Cholera had broken out at Tibicrni. About 2,000 Bosnian and Montenegrin insurgents were preparing to attack Trebignc, and had already advanced beyond Niksich. financial and Commercial. London Monet MAROT.=»Tho Bank of England, on the loth instant, reduced thoir rate of discount from 5 to 4% per rent. The event was not alt aether anticipated. It caused a slight improvement in tho hinds, but this im provement wa.* subsea neatly lost. After the reduction of tho rate there was a full average demand for money at the Bank. The banks and discount houses had reduced their allowance on deposits in conformity with tho move ment at the Bank of England. The finals on the lOtii exhibited increased firmness, and Console closed flt for money, ami ® for account. The weekly returns of the Bank of England show an increase in the iwllkn of £’287,213, tho amount held being £12,647,658. Liverpool, August 17, A. M.—Cotton—The Brokers’ circular says: ** The demand for American descriptions has only been on a moderate scale during the present week. Buyers have obtained ) B 'd advantage liero and there in finalities below middling* whilst in tho more cur rent sorts uu change of consequence is observable. 5 Other qualities were dull and drooping. There was more firmness observable on Thursday, The sales of tho week have been 46,100 bales, including 5,580 to specu lators, and 8,620 to exporters. On Friday (yesterday) there was a fair demand ami a steady market, the sales readiing about 10,000 bales, including 3,000 on specu lation and for export. Tho official quotations are ns follows; Foil 1 . Middling* New Orleans., ....... ...... ' 8% Mobiles Vi Uplands 8# 8 5-16 The stock is estimated at 044,360 bales, of which 078,910 are American. Trade at Manchester is quiet, but without material change in prices, although for some kinds of goods an eam-r tune is apparent* ItUEAPStWPPA.—The weather has been generally fine, and the harvest progresses satisfactorily. Messrs. Ri chardson, Spence, & Co. report Flour neglected and no minal. Quotations range from 24s to 275. Wheat in tho merest retail demand, and prices rather easier. Bed Western, P» 2d oils; Southern, llolls 4d; while West ern, 12s; Southern, ‘l3s cental. Com dull, at a fur ther decline of 6d quarter ; mixed, 29029 a Od 5 yel low, 29a (kioSOtt I white, ftl, rnoYrsioxs.—Beef of good quality in fair demand, but secondary neglected and lower. Fork quiet and easier. Bacon slow, and holders anxious sellers at de clining prices. Lard dull, at 4850505. Tallow lu largo supply and dull, at a further decline of Is. Butchers’ Association, 465®463 Cd; New York city-rendered, 4550 45s Gd. PnonrcE. —Tho Brokers* circular reports a large t>u- Biuoee in Artieaat 20*fcl for eld, and SOaSlss for unw pots. Pearls are very scarce : small sales at 355. Rosin, rather more doing at 6s Bdo7sld For commoin, and *s 4il®l6s for medium to fine. Spirits of Turpentine, ne glected; retail sales at 44s 0i1®463. Sugars quiet, and favoring buyers. Coffee, inactive. Rice, unclu\ng«d; Carolina, sales of 65 tierces at 24s 6d. Philadelphia Bark, 10s 3dolos6d. Baltimore, 8s 9d. Jute, 10s dearer for the better sorts. Fish Oils, unchanged. Linseed Oil* unfofc hut firm fit 31b oda32&. - „ LONDON MARKETS.—Messrs. Baring Bros. A Co. report a moderate business in the Corn market, at about previous rates. White American Wheat 57a595, red 50a585. Flour 24s 6do2Bsod. Iron very dull ; Paris and Railway £s&£s 26d, Scotch pigs ols. Coffee firm, and rather dearer. Sugars unchanged. Tea without material change: Congou lOUalld. Rico in good de mand. Tallow further receded! 2u C. 43s Gi for old, and 44®45s for 110 W. Spirits of Turpentine, under forced salrH, declined to 48s, at which there is no inquiry. Lin seed Cakes firm: New York, in bids, £ll 0.-s, aud in bags £lO 15e. Oils quiet: parcels of Cod, via Now York and Boston, have sold at £34; Sperm neglected; Linseed Oil quiet at 31s 9d032*. '• 'J- - AMERICAN SECURITIES. —Baring Bros. & Co. say quotation* are noniimd, except for United States 5?, which find buyers at 72. "Virginia Sterling os 43&, do. 6s, bonds, 46,’g, ■ .• .. Rebel Rumor of a Battle at Cape Girar- deau. Memphis (via Paducah). Aug. 28.—A battle is reported to nave taken piaco at Cape Girardeau yesterday, in which ,tho rebels were victorious, & at Cairo. Death of a Bank Cashier. New York. Aug. 29. d'Angolis, cashier of the Mechanics 7 Bank, < • this morning. Fatal« malty. New Tonk. Aug- 29. k Siiboys foil into ft privy well by the breaking dt f the floor, at the Ger man Catholic churchy ><« atWiiliamsburg, yes terday afternoon. Til /were rescued alive, but two have since died. ~ Market** CiifCUssiTij Aug iidk r-Vlmir dull, but Wheat dull and 2c hi *•» Whiriky firm at lfAf ffttXc* ProviMOHs dull; no«k t * trimw m the market to-duy. Exchange on NowY* / fcprr cent, premium. by the Asia. New Yohk,Au 29.— The steamer A*ia. brought £4,743 sterling!* pecie. A correspond* from Fortress Monroe on Tuesday, says: ...... The coast exj edition, in relation to which, and its destination so much has been said in the nowspA~ pers, and whiri has probably been delayed at least onu week by foiil weather, will get off to*dajj. Q?h* destination is the coast of North Carolina, with tho ▼lew of destroying a battery at a certain point, and closing tho inlets through which they roach tho open sea with vossols from Norfolk through tho Dismal Swamp Canal and Albemarle sound. Lieut. Crosby returned on Saturday evening from another expedition to the caat> shore of the peake bfty. He penetrated a considerable distance to tho.interior in row* boats, and found the Union sentiment tho prevailing one in many localities. The rebels receive but little aid and comfort from the inhabitants, ns a general thing, though there ar# those who have engaged in supplying thorn with the produce of the country. This business is now nearly broken up. Lieut. Crosby brought baok a small schooner engaged in that traffic, which he ©ap ured in one of the streams that lead out of tho bay. t Opening of the Enst Brandywine and Waynesburg Railroad. the RESOURCES or THE BAST BItAKBTWINB. A now tiUro&d U to a Commonwealth like a now Mtery to the body, draining remote parte of tho life-blood nnd sending it back again with eTer f palpitation. It brings into intercourse divers poo plo who should have like interests, aid does much to obliterate prejudices which impede trade and friendly communication. Every year chronicles one or more new railroads in Pennsylvania, and it is gratifying to obserra that the oldest portions of the State are equally active witb tho new in joining thoirseveral townships and towns. Chester county, full of picturesque scenes, and as old- in its recollections as Philadel phia itself, has, after many years of persevering effort, at longth brought into communication with the city one of its most bountiful and fertile dis tricts. We alludo to tho East Brandywine Rail road, now compieto from Downingtown to'Waynes burg, and running: daily trains-in both direction?. On Wednesday Inst the stockholders made an ex cursion over tho lino, our reporter accompanying them, to make some note of the country and- ite resources. In tho early part of 1859 Oliver W. Barnes mndc u reconnaissance of three routos suit able for the location of the road, and in August ha commenced a survey of the routs now occupied, concluding his labors in nino doys, Or tho 4th Of’ July, 1860, tho work was commenced, and finished about the 15th of August, 1861, when the first trains passed over the road. Waynesburg is a small town in the northwestern, portion of the county, not far from tho border of Lancaster county. It is elevated seven hundred and twenty feet above tho tide, and'situated'in tho midst of a brond and beautiful country, a little to the cast of the Welsh mountains, which: divide it from tho vnlloy3 of I’cguea and Conestoga. Downingtown, the southern terminus, is located in the heart of tho great Chester Valley, and has been a town of some importance for many yoars, being a leading stution of tho Pennsylvania Rail road and the western terminus of the Chester Val ley Railroad, by which it is connected with tho Schuylkill at Norristown. Tho route occupied by the new road diverges from tho Pennsylvania Rail road nt a point enst of the bridge over tho Brandy wine, and follows up the valley of this branch about fifteen miles, when it posses over a low summit to tho level plains, about the head of tha west branch. The average full of the Brandywine ia about twenty feet per mile, and the grades ttpon the road vary from fen to forty feet per mile. Tha length of tho road Is lZj miles, whereas the di rect turnpike from Downingtown to Waynesburg U about 13 miles. Some dozen stations arc located upon tho road, but there is no villago of any importance oither di rectly upon the line or in the vicinity. Tho busi-r ness of the railroad will consist mainly in tho trans portation of iron ore, of which a number of rich deposits are found in the vulloy of the Brandywine, and in carrying tho products of soveral papor, grist, and cotton mills, which derive thoir water power from the crook. From Waynesburg considerable quantities of grain and vegetables will be constantly transported, the valleys of that scotion being famed for the luxu riance of their vegetation and the fullness of thoic crops. The road has been constructed vory economically, the total expense of grading, bridging, and laying the superstructure amounting to but little over 5200,000. It is as yet unprovided with rolling stock of any description, depots, time tables, or engine houses; in fact, no permanent water tank has yet been placed upon the lino, hut most of these neces sary matters will soon be erected, and it is thought thut the Pennsylvania Railroad will furnish oars and lease the way. This latter company has already assisted to a great extent in finishing the road, having endorsed tho company’s bonds and advanced tho material for the superstructure. Eighteen thousand dollars constitute the whole of the immediate debt, and most of thi3 was subscribed at the stockholders’ meeting on Wednesday. From tho report of the engineer, we glean soma interesting facts relative to railroad expenditures and receipts: The cost of fuel in running onohun dred miles i 3 estimated at S 10.50; engineer, fire man, and cleaner's wages, 55.25. Total for run ning engine per day, 924; conductor's salary, 82.25 per day ; baggage master, $1,50, Total for p»5- songcr trains, including engine, 5,24 per day on one hundred miles. Total expenses por day for running freight and passenger trains, $BO, including $2l for keeping the track, bridges, oto., in good order. Six trips per day of freight and passenger trains are included in the aforesaid expenses, and the whole business of tho road will be accomplished by one engine, The receipts are thus calculated r passengers, $54; freight and mail, S7B ; total re ceipts per day, Sl3O. It is thought that the com pany will be at no expense in buying tho right of way, as tho landholders along the lino have indi cated generally a desire to donate the soil for that purpose. Tho stockholders. 300 in number, left Downingtown at ten o’clock on Wednesday morning. The train wo? drawn by the engine “M. W. Baldwin.” It Was the property of the Pennsylvania railroad, and carried both fuel and water, without the necessity for a tender. The road crosses the Lancaster turnpike at tha cast end of Downingtown, and at a short distance beyond runs parallel with the West Chester and Reading carriage road. Acouple of old mills are no ticed at starting, and wo stop at Mary Ann forge, an antique, mossy structure, with the creek and mill dam in the rear. Above the forge, we leave Chester Valley and follow tho Brandywine, at first slow and slimy, bordered by green reeds and coursing through fiat mendow3, but afterward tum bling over the rocks nnd hewing out a narrow channel through the stoep hills. In some places the engineers have altered the channel of tha stream to avoid sharp carves, and the waters go bubbling over their now bed, which seems already t» have been formed by Nature. After leaving Dow lin’s cotton factory, we reach Dorian’s station, where there is a fine paper mill. Some of the bams in this vicinity have been cut in two by the rails, and many broad fields marred in the same manner. We crossjhe Brandy wine above by a truss bridge, keeping close into the ereelt, and avoiding all un necessary cutting, passing Brooklyn, Cornog, and Springton stations. At Springton we notice Cornog and Mcllvaine’a forgo, built in 1705. At the station above “ Rockland ” averyold tavern, onllcd “Tha Lamb,” is pointed out, nnd a grist-mill and soma dwellings join the road. “ Borneston,” so called after the engineer, is the most important stations Tho road from the Brandywine m&ftor to Conestoga valley here crosses the track, and it is the intention of some capitalists to improre tho natural advantages of tho site. Isabella forge lies a short distance to the cast of the road, adjoining a valuable deposit of iron ore. The remaining sta tions are “Cupola” and “Forrest.” The old Horse-shoe turnpike is crossed a short distance be low Waynesburg, and tho troek makes ft fUTTB south of the town, coming to a close at an imaginary depot near the centre of the village. It is the ultimate object of the company to extend the road through tho Welsh mountain to Pequea valley, thus making it an outlet for the produce of the splendid farms of that locality. A good supply of water for steam purposes is obtained near Barneston by running water-pipes a short distanca up a stronm. The whole length of the road it passed over in about one hour, including stoppages. An ample collation had been provided at tha “ General Wftyno” hotel, in the village. A meeting of the stockholders and directors of the road was Organized by tho president, John Cprnog, Esq., at two o'clock in the afternoon, in a grove near tho eastern end of the town. Hon. Abraham Mellraine said they had met for the purpose of devising ways and means for re lieving the road of the debt with which it was en cumbered. lie then gave a statement of the finan cial condition of the road, from which we learn that $91,500 had been subscribed before the rood was commenced, exclusive of Mr. Oliver H. Barnes’ silhgoiiption, The Bottl'd contracted with Mr. Barnes to build and grade the road for 885,000 ut money, and to put in the superstructure for $150,000. Of this amount Mr. Barnes has received $81,587, including interest on bonds for tho $150,000, inci dental expenses, damages. Ac. The sum of $5,43S of the stock yet remains to he paid. This amount, together with the interest accruing on the $150,009, it is proposed to raise from the stockholders. IE this be done, the road will remain under their con trol ; if not, it cannot fail tojpass into the hands of another. It is suggested that the best means of raising the deficiency will bo to issue preferred stock bearing seven por cent, interest, which will come in next after the bonds. Professor McClune, of this city, and one of tha stockholders of the road, was invited to address tho meeting. He said tho road had been pushed for ward to completion not only with n remarkable degree of rapidity, but also at a very small amount of expense. While the cost per mile of constructing a railroad in the New England States was as high as $35,000, the East Brandywine road had been built at n cost of not more than $14,009 POT Utile, Ho then referred to the delay incident to tha building of the West Chester Direct Road, and considered that its prospects for trade wore not equal to those of the one under consideration. The question was, whether, after some $90,000 had been subscribed and paid iu. the road should bo permitted to go into other hands, or to remain under the eeat'rid of those who had been Instru mental in bringing it to its present state of com pletion. Unless the $17,000, which is now out, be not spoedi-'• ly paid in, a suit would be instituted against tha road, and all the advantages it possessed would paw into tbe bonds of another company. This would bo a serious loss to thosolooated along the route, for, an thoro would bo no competition, exorbitant, rates of freight would be charged. Ho felt convinced, how ever, that those who had passed over the road were so well pleased that they would make fresh instal ments. That was but the beginning of the road. It might bo intersected by other avenues along which a vast amount o£ business could bo transacted. Railroads wero never appreciated fully at the be ginning, but would make business fof themselves if properly conducted. One hundred and fifty thou sand dollars’ worth of bonds have been issued, amt it is proposed to issue preferred stock. After the expenses of tho road and tho interest on these bonds shall hnvo been paid, if there is any surplus, it win bp applied to paying tho interest on tho preferred stock. He thought that tho throohun dred and fifty stockholders of tho road could very easily raise the proposed sum when tho incalculable benefits they would derive from tho read were taken into consideration. Ho knew that the times were unpropitious, but. thought it fatal to tho interests of the stockholders to allow tho road to bo transferred to another company. Tho country through wluou it passed abounded in rich agricultural and mine ral resources, which only needed proper develop ment to onrich tho citizens of that section, and tab work could ;not bo successfully accomplished tf the rond were placed under tbe control of stran gers. Ho therefore appealed to- them to come for ward and aubseriho liberally for the new stock. On motion of Col. Samttcl Rtngwalt, Mr. Dar lington, Esq., of West Chester, addressed tho meet ing in a brief and pertinent speech, urging upon his hearers the importance of immediate action in th» present emergency, and detailing the advantages to be derived by keeping the read under their owm Mr. Thorn, of Waynesburg, then mad* a fow felicitous remarks, congratulating his fellow citizens upon the completion of the road, and urging upon them the necessity of subscribing to tho small amount of preferred stack required to relievo the company of thoir present embarrass ment. Though of limited means, and a heavy losee pecuniarily by the defection in the South, he would promptly head the list, thereby proving himself a man of deeds as well as words. His example was promptly followed by others, and before the ad journment some fifty shares had been subscribed. The party left Waynesburg on their return at 4 P. M., and arrived safely at Downingtown at 5.15. all much pleased with their reception and enter tainment, and with but one expression of tAtUtaO ties with the road. Telegraph. THE CITY.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers