THE - PRESS , . PUBLISHED DAILY, (SUNDAYS EXCEPTED,) JOHN W. IrORAEY. OFFIQ NO. 417 OREi3TNUT FITREIST DAILY PRESS. TWELVE CENTS PER WEEK, Vayable to the Carrier. Mailed to Bubsorthere out of the City at Six DOLLARS f!rryi. ,!twiront, FOUR DOLLARS WOE illuaT NIONTES, TERSE DOLLARS von Six Molina — invariably in ad- Vanua for the time ordered. -WEEKLY PRESS. Mailed to itutiortberta out of the City. at Tuusx DOL LARS PER ANNUM. ill WIVSMOUt CiO3IISIISSION HOUSES. SHIPLEY, HAZARD, & HITTOITENSON, 1.12 CHESTNUT ST , COMMISSION MERCHANTS FOR THE SALE OF PHILADELPHIA-MADE GOODS. WASHINGTON MILLS, FORMERLY BAY STATE MILLS SHAWLS of all eines in great warletr. Rini:awed end Pnnted TABLE COVERS. UNION BEAVERS and BROAD CLOTHS, BALMORAL SHIRTS. DOESKINS. and Double and Twisted COATINGS. 8-4 : SACKINGS, and Herm ZEPHYR CLOTHS, Twilled end Plain FLANNELS and OPERA FLAN NELS. Printed FELT 'CARPETINGS, For sale by FROTHGNGIIAM & WELLS, 34 South FRONT Street. sad 3d LETITIA Street. GROCERIES. NEW FRUIT. BUNCH, LAYER, AND SEEDLESS RAISINS, CURRANTS. CITRON, ORANGES, PRUNES, FIGS, ho., d.o, C. ROBERTS. • DEALEIVE FINE GROCERIES. iudit Corner ELEVENTH and VINE Streets. VAMELY FLOUR, 'MADE FROM nowt{ WHITE WHEAT. O. H. MATTSON. S. W. am. LAME and TENTH streets, son SEWING MACHINES WHEELER & WILISON. Prim' ReduCed, Nov ! 1860. SEWI.NI3. MACHINES. rue CHESTNUT STREET —SECOND puma, 11A.RRIS' BOUDOIR .:SEWING MACHINE. 4o.I—FOR FAMILY UBB• Otat—A Haw MACGILNR, FOR QUILTING AND • HEAVY WORK. &than. from twopsoola without the trouble of re winding, end roue with little_or no noise, , _ N F A inargOrE ARC H "Little , F itt i r le . !gar LOOKING GLASSES. A.4 OOIIING-OLABI3/18, 0'A.99.T14ar.1.:1..4(9411: 4 •i:k1•.1 ENGRAVINGS. OIL PAINTENIIIB, aeltss s. SABLE & sox, taire -- Arimg. MANUFACTURERS. WHOLE . SALE AND RETAIL DEALERS. CABLES' GALLIRIES, Ile CHEMIN FINSS V 8`; JEWELRi, THE BEST GOLD =:JEWELB ' —THE BEST GOLD JEWELRY. i' OT _,.1 1, LARGE OONSIGNM AN ENI O F OLD ANOV!ATED A BROKEN UP . A BROISEN.-lIF , , A DINNEEN-UP. A BROKEN UP ' ' MANUFACTURER. NoUslYStdasdt.Gslt dr 9 tit JewelrY sold in our &tsar TiN - IT rs -. _ IT Is . 1T IR AL GEQUlrttg GOLD, AND .pLATED GOODR. DEAN & CO.'S . • . 1 4 , 151 N &. C 0.13 . , DEAN & 00.'8 D EAN lc CO. 'd ORIGINAL $l ORE. No. 33 CHESTNUT Street.third slots below Fourth, , LOOK O& 01 4... AT'lel.f,rl2l 9 ET lll9lo NEW'. itrimo worfe6flxiisaf F cHAlNs, ke. . • B ALI, FUR. di BAOH,. ,„ kWh, ands rplendid assortment of Jewelry to be sold without re rd to cost.' YQUR OROICE FOR Si FACIE. Thil following het oompttees some of the artloles sold at this establishment for El each. it being impossible to enumerate them all in circular form. Call and examine for yonnelves: . iris Size and Splendid Cameo Nets, General Aetna uses E. . di.; do. Lava d0_.... Ito 0 2tr • do.' do. • Carbuncle seta-- Bto 30. Ladies' Enamelod and Coral do— 7to Iti Do: do. do. and Ctirbunole d 0...... 7to 30 E. * do. - do end Ruby d 0. . -...... 7to 80 . Gold oluster Grave Setting Sets do—.lo to so ,- • do. do, ' lime - • do. do --.10 to So 1 o. - do. do. Jet Set ' do. CIO ......... IS to IS o. - do. Black Mown* do. do.—. 6to is o. do., Gold-stone Mosaic do. do -........ dto 17 . do. Calico Seta ... do. do.---.' 6 - to . IS . Cbtel Twists , with brilliants d 0,:......- 6to 16 . gust Bets, new style do. d 0.....:.... Bto 20 rt. Enamelled °luster do. do.' do 10 to 30 Over NO other 'different , styles Ladle.% Jewelyr, Me-. dalions, all et l eg patterns, and eine; Lockets of every description; G old Vens,l4 karat. With Silver Extension Holder' Got Pencils, Gol' Thimbles,- Plated Silver Ware. Sleeve &WPM, Studs, &s, k 0.; ., Corgi. Lava. Cameo, and Bend Sracielets; Gems , Yea Deems war ranted to wear for ,tem years .withotit' changing color, and Will stied the sot. They are'ususily sold by Jewaiterstalteoild P old ahainc ll made in Foie.- Yon can labeyour'obotee for 611 eaoh. Ladies ' and Gents , Geard - Clatting; 81'each, usually sold by jewellem at from pa to 11119 *soh; ,Ladies' god Children's Neck Chains, beautria pattern.; Armlets, brilliant, enamelled, and ruby • eettmge I Cromer, !dam and enamelled. for Si_, *soh; retail "Noes Rom SIS to 9129 each Every stYle and variety.oflewelry and dimmable goods for Pt each Thle.eale, at the above • prices, will 'continua long enough to sell .our immense stook . which was pur chased. 'At, ft treat sacrifice from mancifsetuters ,who , nave railed. • • • - . Call end see the bast stook of boods in. philidelidos. Terme esetn, -Take your choice rSI each. . No eldest° exceed one dozen anyone kind m .. goods at the • above rives, notes* at our Irbil at ao. No. 316:ONEtTNITIlltriet, Philadelphia., To those who order goods by mail, must send 16 mints extra. to mu postage on a single article' on. twdarti.- Wes 16 cents. and 9 cents on each additional article. PINE WATC4 'REPAIRING. 10160N8 'HAVING .FINS WATOOZS P liar hive hitherto eiveu no iatiitsoticui to the wearily „are invited to bring them to our More;_where all deNele aga, tie • reaiedled by thoroughly HUM and goiennle,morimeea,ead.the watch warranted to give entirrinatiefaotion., Mantel .Ctoekm„ Mutest oarefhlly.. put le, .eooelsteerd ar FAßß & BROTHER, Inuct ta riat Watcher. BtltURCI_Si Boxes. Clams, &o.; 3114 tavirrgi UT h treat, helot/ Fourth. FARB. - • F 1131115 - FT.JRSI GEORGT F. WOMRALTH, NIA. 411 k AND 417 Altall STICKET. Ito ewer Optnt • • A 'FULL ABSORTIC4gT e 1 i LADIES': . To trttiok the attention of the Pnb ois invited. 00-dm !grimy- PUBLICATIONS. Nrcv -MEI:A(7AL BOOKS. AMERIOA,N. I. Lyon* Band.mook of Hospital Practice; 2. Letdri Hyman Anatomy. 2. Hodges Themes Peen'larsto Women. • 4. Borderj Medics) on the Reation. b. Altha ediold Kleotripity, e. Xing', Quackery Unnumik. 7. HMIs Yookot Anatomist.- FOHNION. I. Desire Phyiiohginal Chef/linty,. • L Virchow s'Oenalar ~.Patholculy. • a. Thudionm'a PathelesY of tkll Urine. 4. Morel's MOZIISi of BUlpart a. Angina' Itipanstive Process. 2 Parkiel Composition or the Orme. Sir_foreign Medics' and Htuentitlis Henke imported to American'rifedtq l Work"; new and old ON, on hand. NiiAKIBTON, • Pnb ahem: fals 22 SOUTH SIXTH 420 above Chestnut. , 17:: G. EVANS ) GIFT,BOOR. STORE, ILN• 140.4 39 OftEBTNUT Street- BOY 'VOW/ BOOKS AT EVATOY: All 'BOOM are old ae oheap an at any other store, and jog hay.e the advalitage of receiving a handsome Sift I T U ll '" 441 :1 1 44' fil z tnias. cop.. of all the Otanditatilooki In every , oepartment of Lite , - rebut, telOther At. Tl ßE Boom r 410 ilibbd, with a 0 ift word' from One to One Handrod Dollars with each. Detonatorduo as high reputation already hes - owed ryes own asitenwiss, ws ehatkpresest to our angSCOOr• • oupoAor quality and greater aseartenent.e outs. 40 ktillefore, and guarcialtid to Om satu ficti"!-- .' REMBMBER. Than 4Veryeanaser ti Book - . to the mnount of el or riplintr , will - receive n hegfzli le sent, whereby the tk4lt 811littf OF ONE. And in many inatenot, t •it nt received will be a lheastree fold the itninnunt~ad. TO TILL - - ,r9OOF. Calf in; and one eurohsson ill assure Too that the hest Fla" i t ie ! mLY °WTI3O7 k TAM." .114ENT, ' • • N0...449 GRES UT Street, Esiladelehia, litre {erg inviting theuhf are resseotrony invited to nail and . =amine the large aolligotion of Books. . . . BOOK: *UYEKS.---Otentlemen: I lune 411CPAtrifregririfir t e h r.Vegtg: iiiie,f qs(a. I vs hit MO Oril done at the 011r-0111 AVOITZBOO kand 1 old and new Law ton Milk es s pc. rave ro r sale upwards a lt , i, old tam za,,_l Boots printed priori.° the year 1 1 9% Al.',. a MO,O Snapp on the New Testamsat, a vols.,ftto, in UK Hi Mk rive M. L Val allodeal in Engraving' 4 ani,..„,,,,k.._Persorm at a dustanoa wishing to sell sad odd to upon Asnenna wanted. mo wn! . ondstobeettiess.ir Pamphlet Law s aisejdr,lannd.ing selkilei , ='• ' - - - • - JOHN CAMPBELL. Ppldr-tRANDy lib's superior , Ugh*. 'of fieorili, nook Broady, foy sale bY _ - . 0, C. ABLER &CM, MIME /03 &Run Street Mama door above Front. VOL. 4.-NO. 143. THE WEEKLY PRESS. A NEW VOLUME TIEN WEEKLY PRESS will enter neon e New Ile ums with the Nevi Year. To sortznerely,tbat our parer ban boon suooestfull would be to give far too weak and indefinite an idea of our position—for, not only has THE WEEKLY PRESS been established on a senora and permanent foundation, but it is, in reality, a marvellous example of the degree of favor which a rishtlr-onndunted LITERARY, POLITICAL, AND NEWS JOURNAL oau TOOSIVe at the hands of a liberal and enlightened public. Our most grateful thanks are tendered for the Patronage already bestowed upon ue, and we shall spare no efforts which may serve to render the paper even more attractive. useful, and popular in the future. The POLITICAL course of THE WEEKLY PRESS need not be enlarged upon here. Independent, deay and fearless. it itas battled, unwaveringly and zealous ly, in defence of the RiGHTS OF THE PEOPLE against EXECUTIVE USURPATION, and unfair and tyrannical legislation; ever declaring and adhering to the doctrine that POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY consti tutes the fundamental basiSof our free institutions, and that the intelligence and patriotism of our citizens wil always be preservative of a wise, just,and salutary Gos , ernment. These are (the principles to which THE WEEKLY PRESS has been committed, and to these it will adhere. OUR NEWS COLUMNS will coahnue to be subject to unremitting care and attention, and all diligence be employed to make this paper a compendium of all the principal events of inte rest which transpire at home and abroad. The LITERARY character of TEE WEEKLY PRESS. now universally acknowledged to be of an ele vated stamp, elan 'not only maintain its present high standing, but shall be enhanced by important and valua ble contribution' from able writers. Dooming PURITY or MORALS the great safeguard of private happiness and publio prosperity, we shall carefully exolude from our column, everything which may reasonably be objected to on the store of improper tendency. The fields of Pine literature afford sufiloient material to make an AC CEPTADLE FAMILY NEWSPAPER. containing all the elements of excellence, without a single °Wootton able line t and the proprietor of the THE WEEKLY PRESS may justly claim that no head of a family need hesitate to let its columns go under the notice of any member of his household. The, general features of the paper, in addition to its POLITICAL AND NEWS DEPARTMENTS, will be Poetry, Sketches. BiograYly," and Original and So. lasted Tales; ohoien for their lessons of life, Illustra tions of history, depioture. k of manners, and general merit—and adapted, in thew* variety. to the testes of both sexes and all ages. COMMERCIAL DEPARTMEN T. Due care will be taken to furmeh our renders with correct and reliable reports of the produce and cattle markets, made up to the latest hour, In a word, it will be the eadeevor of those concerned to make TEE WEEKLY . PRESS continue a favorite FAMILY JOURNAL, embodying all the characteristics of a oarefully-preSared newspaper. iffir Subscriptions are respectfully solicited. To those who tomatoes patronising the " WEEKLY PRESS." promptitude in forwarding their orders for the New iformms is earnestly recommended, as, from present indications, it le believed that large as the edition may be which will be printed, it will not long be in our power to furnish , beak rummers, in which case disappointment mustociour. One Copy,pne 82 00 Three Copies, one year.— --. 0 00 Fria Copies, one --. 800 Ten Copies, one year.-12 00 Twenty Coping, to one address, at the rate of elper annum—......—,..... . 20 00 Twenty Copies, to one address of eaoh rub sortber 24 00 Any person sending no a Club of Twenty or more, wil be entitled to an extra copy. We continue to send THE WEEKLY PRESS to Clergymen for 81. - Specimen Copieir will be forwarded to those who re quest them. Subscriptions may commence at any time. Terms always cash, in milvanoe. All letters to be addressed to JOHN W. FORNEY No. 417 CHESTNUT STREET, 1 2 .7r11T, A- r) LP73I .A. riulbd•ifkla THE NEW , ,JOE PRINTING OFFICE "THE PRESS" 1, prepaid to emote neatly, olomply, end expeditions!, PLAIN AND ORNABDINTAL PRINTING. PAMPHLET, BLANKS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION POSTERS, AUOTIONEEAS, LA WYERS, MERCHANTS, MANUFACTURERS, RAILROAD AND INSURANCE COMPANIES AS! qtdara loft at. the 'Pubbastion Office of The Prith N 0.417 CHESTNUT street, will be promptly atteadod to. rum AND CHEAP BREAD, biABurAuTuRBD By THE MECHANICAL BAKERY, • eAel 11 oBTAINID AT Tall NOLLOWIXT PLACES: MECHANICAL BAKERY, B. W. corner of Broad and Vine streets. street, below ftioNElL.—Sixth and JATHO ASON,— —..........N'aeliVtnifthstreet. JOHN q. No. 1121 Vine streeß T. P. laildlT L —..—.N0.111 North Fifth street. • S.' , E. corner Fifth and iiiltaW. W. MATHEWS.—.—riZenth and L rt e rstaelow Wel. eg94431; GARVlN........— r itit n .hl9 Lombard street. D. ,W. corner Sixteenth WM Xi a o i neli ne ggit a lwelfrit treat. b. H.WANANAXFAL--.......Fid oral street, above Fourth and nolilimi., ••• —S. o.no s g:elligtenth an DAM EtabbLER..........-..N c o l . g ig i gigt Eleventh street. street, below n St. 11. S. Th°m TO ow ft or t reet h Front atre H. —..—. S. corner of Seventh F. MORRIS. rtrikr r . = t eT e l s ;nth and E. 13:TURnilt,—. AVIR,o 'V e nt Front str et. Broad and THOS. W. BLEST OirrreVirgagith treat B. 5. //OWN N an . e dit q nle a r ve rt u n e en and Federal streets. . .5113INTYRF Twelirecond street, ab. ALEX. FirLLARTON.--CeniegkFiftli and Okla- MRS.& Coates street D. F. & Ti W. WOLF—.....MOlrard avenue. WhygoORAOKEN— —Hee Hamilton street. G. G. isc i orroi; of Twelfth JULIUS ---.8. 41 - 1 4.*:.;;Trf ri gfrteenth • Parrish t" M. NIPPES eortrnun n and Green street. KIM F. W. corner Tenth and J. L. Osn ''` d e s e n n t a ll. e store 110 Wil,ll , tilLtiphia,adthst. X. I.'l/Jl34F:l4uni road. Penns, JOENlAAßAtT.4—.:..i,..;.—...Tr i tmont and Pine Grovel sido.l. l iOWNSENO.....—.Wetttester,Fenr.a Citr,ll. J. , D. HigtTO.N— Floremoe. N. J. EBOLELN Columbia, Pa, iell4l • 1,. T'S WA. HIAWATRA R' AIR RESTORATIVE , • ' Is warranted la every instance to I RESTORE GRAY IiAIR 1711 011,101NAL COLOR.. hat boon applied - IN TROITSAIVDS OF OASES _ , In theirrino4al cities di New England, and H A S NOT FAILED in a Jingle lestrinee tooooompilsia all that is Maimed for it. No Bair Is to Orly or Red but - the II lAWATHA change it to a beautiful and life-like Brown and. Black. It is not an instantaneous dye.whioh ()rooks. smite, and gives a dead .black voter to the hatr,the prttient. i having to stibrait, to seeping. leashing, and @pinging of the hair eyery time tis applied; nor is it a preparation of inlpbur, sugar of lead, ate.; nor of any ingredients de later-lows to tbe hair or skin. It is an article requiring no. pre p( e ion, mi sit e s ti applied flue b grdewlrth a lrii:tantl, , g)l: spit reolldellratiriorstliti fhb ...e le p_ration ' declare it la mirecniorta itNeireote,aelthatit will perform all that it proton& Ur CIO '-486.110ris otorial, • Ite aucceise tilirtraderful, =A we can only sal we an dorm) all the proOrlotorroom regard to rt."—tßotton Journal. • •c we observe. by not ide in Beaton paper, that a ti• i issuium was awarded by the Messaohusetto Mechanics hargitable Arisomatida, at - their late F air , , Boston, to r. Reit, Of this city, for his core - bulged • Hia watha Hair Kestorattve,'sn article which noblymerit ed this - Diver. 'tares for itis - superior merits in this re silient that thrfoornmittee, after sufficient evidence pre- eentedd to themselvog, awarded to Mr. lion this flatter ing testimonial."-1 rovideUce 'Evening Prete. For sale by the principal Druggists in Philadelphia, and throughout the country. JON). HOYT.. Pro tirietor, No. 4 MATIIEWSON Bt., Providence , R. Jag-im MARTIN & QUAYLE'S • STATIONERy. TOY, AND FAIIOY GOODS - •E M.POI2I UM 10a WALNUT BTRKBT, • BALOW teli•lal7 PKIADELPRIA . . . . , ,11:1;rt(f*-., r..-,'.44:41..%,-4,.., • (...- (.. ' 41 '‘,.. `.., \\ S o i /// ," 111 - , ' le.al' ',... ! . ...,: , ,,:1;• 'tel . 12 :',.., .. . . „ (e; /:\''..'' " 0 , AY ,. 5...7 . .-'.j.:.:---'i /..,-,..r '. .-.......,' .:Z'....'„, :,,..; --------''.____.... '..f, ::. ::;,'. ...:. , L. i. ,. :,. ___ e. ) ., Ili ,7,„,-.4,-- 1 .,---.. 0 _.....„. : • . , , 111 , „,,...• ~., _......----... ~.,..__•,___ .- 1 ,...„----,.. ,T.. 4 •-„,p,„., s ,iirl.__. ~.x.r.,___.-1-1, ~. ..„.4,.....,,,y, ...v , ...., _ _ ,_ _ , . ,_ .L.. , • _ _ ., , a ,,,,0,-. _. ,41 r4i . i , -.., :;7 .,.... -.:,.. : ,,.. i ,„ 1 ,... . ._ , - ~,,,., ..__ _ ~ ...1 -..- -.0 0 ~n- , ~,A A ; :.,, _ .1,1 . :6- -..i., Ae . ~,1 , ..„..,,,,,- ~ . •,.:—.--- ---,-. ar ..".- • , ~,, - • ---- -'4 , , ,“, - ,-.„ - : , .- . ,:i , • 1 16g10., - - ~.... : ;,.., ~ '-- '''.° MIL.. °I '''' - - 1 -' '-'. '-' '-)-- - '.e . '+•-•••' • ----- ---. ._ ~ „. ........ , ...s - -A------- --__ - ---V..4 -,,,.. - - , -.,..Cfiej.-- -- - ------.,-- _ ......._ .....,__ .„., - ...,, .--._ ~... ~.... . . TERMS JOB PRINTING. PAPER BOQKB, OIROULAREI, BILL lIIUDB, JIANDHLLLS, LABELS ?RIOTING FOR MECHANICS, BANKS, BREAD. tip ;liress+ WEDNESDAY. JANUARY IG. 1861 The China Question Settled. Full particulars have been received of the terms upon which Lord Elgin and Baron Gros, respectively representing England and France, have concluded a peace with China. We have already enumerated the leading conditions— namely, the Emperor's apology for the past; permission for European Ambassadors to re side in Peking ; doubling the former money indemnity ; the opening of Tien-tsin to trade; full permission for Chinese subjects to emi grate; the cession of Kowloon to England; the immediate operation of the Treaty and Convention; the immediate promulgation of both; the continuance of the troops in China until the greater part of theindemnity be paid. There is also a payment, exacted and made on the spot, of $500,000 to the families of the British subjects arrested; on the 18th Septem ber, when under the protection of a flag of truce. The sum paid to France, for the same outrage to her subjects, is 1,600,000 francs, equal to $300,000. The indemnity to be paid to France, under the new arrangement, is 60,- 000,000 francs. England gets $10,640,000, From this is to be deducted $2,660,000 to bo appropriated to the indemnification of the Bri tish Mercantile community at Canton, for losses sustained by them. The balance, amounting to $7,980,000, goes towards liquidating the war-expenses of England. As these expenses, up to the first of Sep tember, amounted to £10,000,000, (about $50,000,000,) and the amount actually to come back to the British Treasury is only £1,600,000, (or $7,980,000,) it is likely that John Bull will greatly grumble at having got a very small quantity of glory at such a very great cost. Lord Elgin, communicating with the British Government, thus justifies his mo deration : "I hold on this point the opinion which is, I believe, entertained by all persons, without exception, who have investigated the subject, that, in the present disorganized state of the Chinese Government, to obtain large pecuniary indemnities from it is simply im possible, and that all that can be done practi cally in the matter, is to appropriate such a portion of the Customs' revenue as will leave to it a sufficient interest in that revenue to in duce it to allow the natives to continue to trade with foreigners. It is calculated that it will be necessary to take fbrty per cent. of the gross Customs' revenue of China for about fbur years, in order to• procure pay ment of the indemnities already claimed by Baron Gros and me, under instructions from your Lordship and the French Government." Small as the indemnity is, its amount is more by $1,000,000 than was guaranteed by the Treaty of Tien-tsin, in July, 1858. Tho mode of payment is an important con sideration. It was arranged thus, et at Tien tsin on or before the 80th day of November, the sum of 500,000 taels; at Canton, and on or before the Ist day of December, 1860, 333,833 taels, less the sum which shall have been advanced by the Canton authorities to wards the completion of the British factory site at Shameen ; and the remainder at the ports open to foreign trade, in quarterly pay ments, which shall consist of one-fifth of the gross revenue from customs there collected, the first of the said payments being due on the 81st day of December, 1860, for the quar ter terminating on that day." The residence of Ambassadors in Peking— ivhich turns out to be the mere "sham" of a city—has always been a sore point with the Chinese. It is conceded now, but to insure it, the Allied Armies should continue in their present quarters, until the diplomatic repro sentatives of France and England are duly and honorably installed as residents in Peking. Tho European Times of the 29th alt. says : It would have been as well, we think, to have waived this article of the treaty; but having insisted on it, we aro now bound to see it carried out, and to do this effectually the pre sence of Lord Elgin appears to be essential. The probability is, that had Lord Elgin re mained when he was there before, the treaty of Tien-tsin would have been ratified without bloodshed, the disaster of the Peiho avoided, and the present war rendered unnecessary: All the blundering commenced when our Pie nipptentiary returned home. This ought to be sufficient to induce him to stay, and thus prevent, as far as possible, fresh complications, should they unhappily arise." Three or four French and twenty-six British subjects, captured by the Chinese, while pro tected by a flag of truce, were most cruelly treated. Lord Elgin's letter to Prince Kung, the Emperor's brother, says : it Of the total number of 26 British subjects seized in de fiance of honor and of the law of nations, 13 only have been restored alive, all of whom carry on their persons evidence more or less distinctly marked of the indignities and ill treatment from which they have suffered, arid 18 have been barbarously • murdered, under circumstances on which the undersigned will not dwell, lest his indignation should find vent in words which are not suitable to a commu nication of this In addition to the indemnity ($500,000) paid for this cruelty, the English 'deter : mined to destroy the Empe ror's Summer-Palace, situated a few miles from Peking, and said to be the rnos€ magnifi cent building (or buildings, for it centrists of a series of palaces, each in its own superb plea snre-grorinds,) and this was done, because, in that "Celestial" abode, took place the most of tish and French subjects were subjected. The the wanton cruelties to which the captured Bri value of the palace and its splendid furniture and adornments cannot have been less than froM ten to twelve million dollars. The island of Chusan; occupied by the Britplb, has been surrendered. Many political and commercial authorities have thought it should have been retained. The Times says: as We believe it would be only a vexation and an expense, and the French seem to have been of the same opinion. It is a beautiful island, and has a fine harbor, but it is much more profitable to use it than to possess it." The sixth article of the Treaty of Peking, however, give's England a substitute. It seems that tKowloony in the province of Kwang- Tung, (of which Canton is the capital,) was leased, some time ago, to Mr. Parkes, the Chi nese int'erpreter attached to the British Lega tion. It is a small peninsula, (marked on some of the. Chinese maps as Kinlung,) oppo site the northern part of the island of Hong- Kong. Hero it was that the English troops encamped; last slimmer, during their stay in the smith Of China before they marched to the north. The few miles of coast ceded to the English on this point are insignificant as rdgards extent, but they afford a situation much more salubrious than that of the town of Hong-Kong. It is now a refuge for the pi rates and for the worst characters among the Chinese population of Hong-Kong. The Eng lish will probably build a town there, from its aalubritnis climate and convenient position. Its acquisition, under the new Treaty, may go looked upon as theft& entrance of the Bretish wedge. Finally, comes the question—what Is the value of the Treaty of Peking / The Lou don Times of December 29, says : "Properly used, it ought to be our last extorted Treaty with China. If we put it in operation at once, and accustom the Chinese to its provisions While our army and navy are still in China, we shall have no More difficulty with them. Tins Treaty is like a sapling ; we must guard it round at first, or the boasts of the field will nibble at its bark and destroy its growth; but let it have time to strike its roots firmly into the earth, and you may take away the rails, for the strong trunk can protect itself, and the same cattle which would have destroyed it will repose in its shadows. Protect it now against these Tartar rulers, and the Tartar rulers will themselves protect it when they see its fruits. Shanghae gives to Pising an annual million of dues. The Northern ports yet to be opened will, give as much, and if the Stath PHILADELPHIA,- WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 16. 1861. should remain subject to the North, quite as, much again will arise from the ports of tho Yang-tse." The same authority, no doubt, expresses the opinion of British commercialists when it says: " Last year the foreign trade at the port of Shanghae alone was twenty-eight millions and three-quarters sterling, exports and imports; and in 1851) it was seven and a half millions. This is the increase made in Chinese trade at one port alone during nine years, and three-fourths of this commerce is in the hands of British merchants. This increase has gone on without cessation, even while we have been at war—even while we have been advanoing upon the capital and assaulting the Imperial Palate. It is only a spooimen of what will yet be done when the treaty now rati fied is in operation. Tea will then be approach aole in the districts where it is made, and may be bought at a price which may osoonrage our Chan cellors of the Exchequer to diminish the ditty, not, perhaps, down to a vanishing point, but until tea may become a plentiful article in the moot humble household, and an item of expenditure of as little importance as salt. China is all Europe; it is more than all Europe, for it is greater)n popula tion, in fertility, anti in communications. it is all Europe out up by broad, navigable rivers, and re• tionlated by canals. We have hitherto only just looked upon the land, and drawn from it by our agents specimens of its products; we may now go in and enjoy. To the twenty millions of trade on which we draw our profit at shanghae we shall soon add other twenty millions in various other ports, and still greater operations in those vast cities upon the inland lakes and huge rivers." It must not be forgotten that the general ad vantages and privileges which Groat Britain and France derive from this Treaty, which has cost them so much, must also accrue, under our American-Chinese Treaty of 1858, to the United States. That has boon fortunately provided for, and it will also be remembered that as our relations with the Chinese have been friendly, for the most part, we are likely, in the long run, to be the most favored nation trading with them. In their relations with us, there is no sting, there cannot be any linger ing enmity. The Fine Arts--Miss Stebbins , Marbles. During the present week there have come amongst ns, with a rare modesty and unobtrusiveness, a few pieces of marble statuary whioh merit more than a passing notice. We allude to Miss Stebbins' sta tuettes of " Labor " and -"Commerce," and her bust of Mies Cushman, now on exhibition (tree) at Barle'ir gallery, Chestnut street. • We find in these little figures of " Labor " and " Commerce" what is rarely to be found in mo dern sculpture—a good, wholesome, honest idea, nobly conceived and conscientiously wrought out. They both not only chow strict technical fidelity, but are filled with a genuine and lofty poetic truth, While the spirit of labor and commerce in their amilier and practical aspect, finds in them a full and masterly expression, they are yet typos of the labor and commerce to be. They are not merely a jaunty, careless, graceful sailor, and a sinewy, re solute, self-reliant miner, each with the appliances of his craft beside him—they are the nobly-con salons agents and representatives of the two most vital elements of the world's political economy. In consenting to undertake saoh a pair of sub jects, with such appalling restrietions in the matter of size and costume, Miss Stebbins has shown a daring disregard of traditionary usage and con ventional standards that gives hope for sculpture as a hve art yet, notwithstanding Mr. Rookie's despair. In the result of her undertaking, she fills us with the conviction that thiei branch of art lan guishes, only because of its dilietantism—only be cause it daintily scorns to take hold of what is vital and trao in this age. Greek sculpture is im. mortal because it incorporated the genius of a People and a Period. The bust of Miss Cushman seems to us to be one of the most successful instance of reel, living portraiture in marble that we have ever seen. It is not the imperious mistress of the stage—the great tragedy-queen who looks out from this beau tiful marble—the artist was too truly an artist for that. With the subtle insight of her craft, and more , especially, with the fine intuitions of her own / woman's nature, she has penetrated to sacred recesses in that great Soul whirl the glare of the footlights has, never reached. She hoe found something better and loftier &di appears to tata on the stage—a strong, fervid, tender womanly nature—earnest, humane, and sympa thetic; and with this has she inspired the marble. Not that she bee Ignored the more familiar obarao• taristios either; for about the mouth, wo note the cow:Meat energies and latent fires that have won for Miss Cushman her supremacy on the stage. But as these are not the best qualities of her nature, they are made subordinate to such as ore. And such seems to us the true historic mission of art in portraiture—to give no eharaoter in ire noblest condition, or its highest achievement. Common attributes will make themselves known somehow, bat lot art he a scared repository of only the heroic in heroes—of only that which is greatest is the great. For it is by the highest examples of the highest excellence in character, thought, and achievement, that the world is guided upward through the ages. As we have said above, these works aro being exhibited free, at Barlo's gallery, and we would advise all who aro interested in art not to fail to sea thorn. IVater Gas at Aurora With some surprise wo have heard from a citizen of Aurora, Indiana, that this city, twenty five miles from Cincinnati, has for the last two weeks been illuminated with gee, and this the much-talked of "Sanders' Water Gas," the discovery of a former citizen of Cinoinnati. As no public notice has before been made of this enterprise, and It is important, not only from the foot that this is the first town lighted with the so called " Water Gas," but from its success, pro miaing almost a revolution in gas matters, we have endeavored to gather some details on the subject, or at least interesting generalities. The efforts of the friende of this gas to intro duce it in the publio gee of Philadelphia, and the resistance of the companies there, whose inte rests are identified with the coal mince, and the final lighting up of the Girard house with success, are facts familiar to many newspaper readers. Mr. Add IL Sanders, the owner of the right in Indians, desirous of trying the gas in some town, induced Mr. Julius Severin, an enterprising me ohanio in Aerate, and somewhat acquainted with gas violin, to investigate personally this subject, and the result wee, last fall, hia determination to at once commence the erection of Water Gas works in his own town, the right of the county being sold to him at a mere nominal sum. An individual en terprise, and with but limited capital, Mr. Severin has had many difficulties to overcome, but is at last successful , and with the prospeot (hieing Jibe rally rewarded for his enterprise. Ills gas works, capable of supplying the consumption of Aurora for many years to come, have been in steady ope ration for two weeks, produce a pure, brilliant, and almost odorless gas. So well pleased are the citizens, that many who had held off, fearing the final result, aro now having fixtures placed in their houses. At present, there are nearly five hundred burners, supplied through seven thou. rand feet of main pipe in the streets. This gab is not " purified," thus dispensing with a heavy ex pense and much labor, indispensable to the manu facture of coal gas, yet the gas is oaid to be impa rter to the ordinary coal gas in brilliancy. Puri fied,. it would, of course, be much brighter. It gives a bright and beautiful light when buret just BB it comes from the retorts, even before passing through the " washer." The works are similar to those for the making of coal gas, excepting for the prod:sr:dem of gas, with similar pipes, fixtures ' /se. The Aurora works contain but three email retorts, which are claimed to be the full equivalent of a bench of six by nine of the large coal gas retorts. In addition, there is a steam boiler ; aloe, over the retorts, a tank for the carbonizing material, such as rosin, erode oil, or other material containing carbon. Water gas works cost one-third less than coal-gas works of the same capabilities, as we are informed, and can be managed by one•third the number of men. In addition to these facts, the experiment at Au rora has demonstrated, we are informed, that the water gee can be made much cheaper than coal gas; it is almost odorless, the works being no of tenet) to their immediate neighborhood; it does not condense so much as coal gas; it does not leave de posits of any kind in the pipes, by which they or their meters may be affected. These facts are certainly important enough tore commend the "Sanders' Water Gas" to the care ful examination of all persons, companies, and communities interested in gas. The additional fact, that the Aurora Works promise to amply re ward their builder, when the limited number of consumers would -render the ereotion of coal-gas works there an enterprise not to bo thought of for a moment as a payingspeculation. is suggestive of the importance of this discovery. We are informed that thorough estimates will soon be made of the cost of this gas, day after day, so that the point of its economy will be made more apparent. Although Mr. Severin is still engaged in improving his works, and experimenting in different carbonising materials, we understand visitors are freely admit ted to the works, and every facility offered them for the examination of details relating to the pro cess of manufacturing water gas.—Cincinnatt Daily Commercial. The Archbishop of St. Louis on 'The To THE ROMAN CATHOLICS OX BT. LOU/S—Be• loved Brethren : In the preatist disturbed atate of the public, mind, we feel it our duty to recommend you to avoid all docasions of public, excitement, to obey the laws, to respect the rights of all'oltlaens, and.sfo'keop away, as much as possible, from all aseemblages whero the indiscretion of a word or the impetuosity of a momentary paselon might en- danger the public tranquillity. Obey the Injuno lion of the apostle, Bt. Peter "Follow peaco with all men, and holiness, without which no man can ace God." Paran RICHARD ICZNILICK, Archbishop of St. Louis, ' A Poon, ball-witted mother, near St. Louis, last weok planed a feather bed over her little baby to keep it warm, as ebe said, and smo tbered it. Guarantees that will Save the Union, and_ Firmly Unite the North and South. [For The Press.] The folloWing series of amendments, taken al together in a body as they stand, have been ap. proved by snob members of the seceded States as have setti: them, and who promised to give up sp. cession, and return to brlng.them before the peo ple, if the Committee in Congress will pass them. They were compiled in Washington, after con sultation, by Wm. Wheeler Hubbell, Esq., of the Philadelphia bar, who is interested in property in the South, and is well known as a lawyer, and the inventor of tho explosive war shells of the navy. PROPOSED AIIENDIIENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION or Tgt EiNITND 9TAT.E9 Anricr,r, I Persona held to service or labor for life in any State, under the laws thereof, may be taken into any Territory of the United States south of latitude 30 degrees, 30 minutes, and the right to suoli service or labor shall not be impaired there by. Aud any Territorial Legislature shall have the exclusive right to make all needful rules and regulations for the protection of ouch right, and of such persona, and for the maintenance and treat ment of &oh persons and their deeeendants,in their dementia relations. But Congress or any Torriter slat Legislature shall not have power to impair. or abolish each right of Beryline in the said Territory.; nor in any other plaoo within thojailid'etion of tho United States, withbut the consent of all the Stator which maintain Filch service. Aim 11. Whorl any Territory of rho United Staten shall hava.a population equal to the ratio of representation fOr ono member of Congress, and the people shall have formed a Constitution for a republican form of government, it shall bstedniiri ted as a sovereign State Into the finish, on an equal footing with the other States; by the procla• motion of the President of the United States ; and the people may In the Constitution for such State, either prohibit or regulate the right to labor or service, and alter or amend the Constitution at their will. And if the President refuses to admit such Territory as a State, this article shall not de prive Congress of the power t) admit snob State. ART. M. The present right of representation in the motion It of article I of the Constitution of the United States shall never bo altered, adibout the consent of all the States maintaining the right to service or labor for life. And the regulation of the right to labor or eervico, in any of the States, is hereby reoognized to be exclusively the right of each State within its own limits; and this Consti tution shall never ha altered or amended to impair this right of each State, without its consent: Pro vided, That this article shall not be construed to absolve the United States Government from ren dering assistance to suppress insurrections or do mestic violence, as provided in the section IV, arti ste IV, of this Constitution. ART. IV. The exclusive power to regulate or abolish the right to labor or torsion for life in the District of Columbia is hereby ceded to the State. of Maryland. to be exorcised in ocimmon with ouch right in that State; eul , ,jeat, nevertheless, to the judicialjurisdietion of the District of Columbia. Ant. V. No State shall pass any law in any way interfering with or obstructing the recovery of fugitives from justice, or from labor or service, or any law of Gangrene made under Artiste IV , sec tion 11., of this Constitution, and all laws in vio lation of this artlelo may be declared void by the Supreme Court of the United States at the suit of any State. Any, VI As a right of comity between the citi zens of the several Staten, the right of transit with persons held to labor or service - for life, or for years, from one State to another, shall not be in terfered with without the consent of all the States maintaining such service. Au?. Vit. Whenever any State shall grant by law to citizens of other States the right of sojourn for a limited period with persons told to service or labor, if such persons escape, they shall be subject to recovery as fugitives, under the provisions of this Constitution, and shall be returned to the State flow which they were brought. ART. Yin The traffic in slaves with Africa is hereby .forever prohibited. And tho descendants of Afrisans shall not be made citizens. Aar.-IX, All rota of any inhabitcnt of the United States, tending to incite persons bold to service or labor to insurrection, or acts of donles tie violence, or to abscond, shall be considered, and prohibited, as contrary to law, and a penal offence. Anr. X. The county of any State wherein a parson owning service or labor Is rescued from the custody of tho owner, Iput, or officer, shall be bound to pay tho full value of such person, for the ties of the owner, tit th 6 suit of tbs. United Staten. ART. Xt. Peisoini hold to service or labor for life, under the laws or any State or Territory, shall not be taken into any Territory of the United States, while in a territorial condition, north of la titude 30 degrees 30 minntes Anr. XII. Alleged fugitives from labor or sor• vice, on request, shall have a trial by jury at the plane to which they may be returned. ART. Mir. All alleged fugitives, charged with saline committed In violation of the laws of the Slate from which they fled, shall on demand be re turned to each State; and shall have the right of Itladhyjary. And if such person claims to be a ditizen of another State shall ].,are a right of ap peal. or of 'writ of error, to the Supreme Court of the United States. ART. XLV. Citizens of any State sojourning in another State shall not be eubjeot to violence or puriishment„nor injured in their persons or pro party, without trial by jary, and dno process of law. ART. XV, No Stato, or tho people thereof, shall rotire from this Union, without tha consent of three.fourths of all tho States. ART. XVI. The reserved power of tho people in three-fourths of the States to call and form a na tional convention, to alter, amend, or abolish this Constitution, according to its provisions, shall never be questioned, notwithstanding tho dirootions in Art. V of the Constitution. Awr. XVII. The Articles VIII, IX and Xof those amendments shall not bo altered without the consent of all the States maintaining service or labor for life To TOE PROPLE : Tho power to command and save this Union rests with the people; The Union cannot bo cemented with blood and the bayonet. It must stand on Fraternity, Equality, and Jos tles, or not at all. The Federal flovernment has no right to make war upon tba whole people of a State, contending that their constitutional sights ate in process of violation, and that their peace and security are en dangered, and that they are seeking to place them• selves in such a position as to preserve their rights in. violate, in the face of the fact that their opponents i n power maintain that their rights, which have been In legal existence and possession for nearly a cen tury,arenot placed upon an equal footing with other rights, by the Constitution, for protection and en joyment under the jurisdiction of the United States. And while secession is not provided for in the Con stitution, and is unlawful under the principles of law, still it is not prohibited; and is as fully an open question as the right to prohibit slavery in the Territories is an open question. The South, I have been assured, will give up the claim to a right of secession for the safety and equality which the proposed amendments will, taken as a body, give them in the Union. They are presented to the people for their con sideration and support. They take the eubjoot of slavery out Of Congress. They admit free labor without competition of slave labor north of 36 deg. 30 min. They allow slave labor a fair com petition in that section of climate and country best suited to raise cotton, rice and sugar, in which it can bo most profitably employed. They protect the slave as well as the master. They forever secure the exoluaive sovereignty of State jurisdiction over the subject of slavery, either to aoknowledge it or abolish it. They preserve the right of representa tion inviolate. They preserve the right of pro teotion from insurrections end domestic violence, even though the slave States may bo in a minority of lees titan one-fourth. They protect the slave States against ;crimes tending to disturb their publlo peace. They protect them against unoon stitutional personal-liberty laws, by resorting to the highest judicial tribunal of tho country, with out subjecting their citizens, as individuals, to the dangers of their penalties, and the expense of their litigation. They protect the right of' tran sit with this labor, as time and circumstances may best promote the useful results of its appli cation, without trespassing upon the free States. They protect the right of recovery of fugitives, when sojourning in a free State by its own grant or will, and not otherwise. They forever pro hibit the African slave trade, and prevent a conflict between the races that would ensue from their meeting to sot as citizens. They indemnify the owner for any neglect of the county-police in preventing a reme by any inhabitant. They give the fugitive not only the hearing anti decision under the Constitution where arrested, but also give when returned, if he desires, a trial by a jury free from prejudice, and where he con most easily prove the truth. They give a eitizin of a Northern State, who may have fled, not only a trial by jury, but an appeal, or writ of error, as he may choose, to the common judicial tribunal of the country, having jurisdiction over both the law and the facts. They protect Northern citizens from any unlawful violence. They forever close the door of voluntary megaton. They secure to the people their inalienable right to alter or males the Con stitution equable and just to all at their will, without being dependent upon the accidental poli tical aspect or temper of the Congress ; that is, they place the people above the Congress, and not the Congress above the people. The people must save this Union by commanding Congress by petitions showing a majority. If that fails, then, by exorcising their reserved sovereign "potters," as indicated by the explana tory article XVI of those amendments, in forming ,a National Convention, including the Southern States, nine -tenths of the people of which, I am reliably informed, and fully believe, from my own knowledge and interest with thorn, will be satisfied with this proposed basis of settlement, because it is eposilic, clear, and makes them sato, though tho free States may acquire a majority of three fourths. I humbly nsk the people to assort their rights to Congress and their Legislatures on this basis of fraternity, briunlity, and justice, and save the Union, °monied stronger than ever. Respootfully submitted. WiLLien WnEELan ilrf BunLL, Philadolphia, Pa. INAUGURAL ADDRESS OF GOVERNOR CURTIN. Having been entrutited by the people of Penn; sylvania with the administration of ' the Executive department of the tiovernment for the next three years, and having taken a solemn oath of fidelity to the Constitution of the United States, and to the Constitution of Pennsylvania, I avail myself of your presence to express to you, and through you to the people of the State, my gratitude for the die-i tingnished honor they have, in their partiality,. oonferrod upon me. THE POLICY TO BE PURSUED Deeply impressed with the responsibilities and' duties. I enter upon the office of Governor of Penn sylvania, with a determination to fulfil them a 1 faithfully, to the utmost of my ability. Quest.ons of great moment, intimately connected with the convietions and interests of the people of all parts of the nation, now agitate the public mind ; and some of them, from their novelty and importance, nro left for sett.ement in the uncertainty of the future. A selfish caution might indicate silence as the safest course to be pursued as to these ques• tions, by one just entering upon the responsibili ties of high official position; but fidelity to thehigh trust reposed in me domande, especially at this juncture, that I yield to an honored custom, wbioh requires a frank deolaration of the principles to be adopted, and the policy to be pursued, during my official term. We have, assailed, as the , great fundamental truth of onr political theory, that man Is capable of self-government, and that all power dmaaates from the people, An experience of seventy-three years, under the Constitution of the United States, has demonstrated to all mankind that the pimple can be entrusted with their own political destinies; and NO "deliberate expression kf their 31411 xhouid furnish the rale' of conduct to their representatives in official station. Thus appreciating their liberal capacity for self-government, and alive to the Im portance of preserving, pure and" unsullied as it came from the hands of the Apostles of Liberty, this vital principle, I pledge myself to stand be tween it and encroachments, whether instigated by hatred or ambition. by fanaticism Or folly. The policy that should regulate the administra tion of the Government of our State, was declared by its founders, acid is fully established by tape rienop. It is just and fraternalin ita aims, liberal in its spirit, and patriotic in its progress. The freedom of speech and of tho press, the right of conscience and of private judgment in civil and rellious faith, are the high prerogatives to which the American citizen is born. In our social orga nization the rich and the poor, the, high and the low, enjoy these equally, and flit, constitution and the laws in harmony therewith protect the rights of all LIBERAL EDUCATION TO BE ENCOITRAGED - - - • • • • • • The intelligence of the people is one of the main pillars, of the fabric of our government, and the highest hopes of the patriot for Its safety rest on enlightened public morality and virtue. Our sys tem of common sehools will ever enlist my earnest solioitude. . Its g rowing . wants should be met by the Legislature i n the most liberal spirit. I feel that I need not urge this duty. The system has been gaining in strength and usefulness for a quar ter of a century, until It has silenced opposition by its beneficent fruits. It has, at times, languished for want of just appropriations, from changes and amendments of the law, and perhaps from ineffi ciency in its administration; but it has surmounted every difficulty, and islnow regarded by the en lightened and patriotic of every political faith as the great bulwark of Safety for our free institu tions. The manner in which this subject is present ed to the Legislature, by my immediateprodecessor in his annual message, fully harmonised with pub lic sentiment ; and his recommendation for aid to the Farmers' High School of ' Pennsylvania meets my most cordial approbation. Invited to the rich prairie lands of the West, where the labor of the husbandman to simple and uniform, when popula• Lion has filled our valleys, it passes away from our highland soils where scientific culture is required to reward labor by bringing fruitfulness and plen ty out of comparative sterility. •While individual liberality has done much for an institution that is designed to educate the farmer of the State, tho School languishes for want of public atd. Au ex perience of ten years has fully denionstrated that the institution can be made self-sestaining; and it requires no aid from the State except for the com pletion of the buildings in accordance with the original design. A liberal appropriation for that purpose would be honorable to the Legislature, and a just recognition of a system of public, instruction that is cf tho highest importance to the State in the development of our wealth, the growth of our population, and tho prosperity of our great agriccil tural interests. MGM XCI1X0111(' RECOMIZNDED. The State having been wisely relieved of the management of the public improvements by their sale, the administration of the Goverment is greatly simplified, its inseams are certain and well un derstood, and the amount or the public debt is definitely ascertained. A rigid economy in all its various departments, and a strict accountability from all public officers, aro expected by our peo ple, and they shall not be disappointed. Now that the debt of the btate is in the course of steady liquidation, by the ordinary means of the Trea sury, all unnecessary expenditures of the public money must be firmly resisted, act that the gradual diminution of the indebtedness shall not be in• terrupted. To promote the prosperity of the people and the power of the Commonwealth, by increasing her financial resources, by a liberal recognition of the vast interests of our commerce, by husbanding our resources and diminishing the burdens of taxation and of debt, will be the highest objects of my am bition and all the energy of my administration will be directed to the accomplishment of these results. TRH PARDONING POWER Tho pardoning power is one of the most im portant and delicate powers conferred upon the Chief Magistrate by the Constitution, and it should always be exorcised with great caution, and never except on the most conclusive evidence that it is duo to the condemned, and the public security will not be prejudiced by the act. When such appli cations are presented to the Executive, it is due to society, to the administration of justice, and to all Interested, that public notice should be given. By the adoption of such regulations imposition will be prevented and just efforts will be strengthened. GENERAL LAWS I.IIOPOSIn The assooiation of capital and labor, under acts of incorporation, where the purposes to be accom plished are beyond the reach of individual enter prise, has long been the policy of the State, and has done much to advance the prosperity of the people. When the moans of the citizens aro mo derate, as they generally are in a new and grow ing country, and where the concentration of the capital of many le necessary to development and progress, such associations, when judioionsly re stricted, confer large benefits on the State. The vast resources of Pennsylvania, and the variety of her mechanical and other industrial pursuits, in vite capital and enterprise from abroad, which on every sound principle of political economy, should be encouraged. Much of the time of the Legisla ture is consumed by applications for special char tered privileges, which might be saved by the enact ment of general laws, and by such amendment to our general mining and manufacturing law as will remove needless and burdensome restraints, and at the same time afford ample protection to capital and labor, and to the community at large. Our statute books are full of Rots of incorporation con ferring special privileges, various as they are nu merous, dissimilar in their grants of power, and unequal in their liabilities and restrictions. Well considered and judicious general laws to meet all classes of corporations, would remedy the evil, economise time and money, relieve the Legislature from the constant pressure for undue privileges, and be last and equal to all in their administra tion. 13= The veto power, as conferred upon the Executive by the Constitution, is one of the extraordinary powers of our Government. It was given with mush hesitation, and not without serious misgiv ings as to its abuse, by the framers of our organio law. It is, in my judgment, to be used with the greatest caution, and only when legislation is manifestly inconsiderate, or of more than doubtful constitutionality. The legislators, chosen as they are directly by the people, in suaea manner that a fair expression of their views of the true policy of the Government can always bo bad, give to all well-considered measures of legislation the solemn sanction of the highest power of the State, and it should not be arbitrarily interfered with. While I shall shrink from no duty involved by the sacred trust reposed in mo by the people of the Common wealth, I would have every department of the Government appreoiate the full measure of respon sibility that devolves upon them. TEE POSITION OF PENNSYLVANIA IN THE NATIONAL CRISIS. The position of mutual estrangement in which the different sections of our country have been placed by the precipitate action and violent de nunciations of heated partisans, the apprehensions of still more serious complications of our political affairs, and the fearful uncertainty of the future, have had the effect of weakening commercial ore dit and partially interrupting trade, and as a natu ral consequence our exchanges and currency have been disarranged. Yet the elements of general prosperity are everywhere diffused amongst us, and nothing is wanting bet a return of confidence to enable us to reap the rich rewards of our diver sified industry and enterprise. Should the resti tution of confidence in business and oommeroial circles be long delayed, the Legislature, in its wisdom, will, I doubt not, moot the necessities of the crisis in a generous and patriotio spirit. Thus far our system of Government has fully answered the expectations of its founders, and has demonstrated the capacity of the people for self government. The country has advanced in wealth, knowledge, and power, and secured to all °Mem of its citizens the blessings of peace, prosperity, and happiness. The workings of our simple and natural political orgontzations have given direction and energy to individual and associated enterprise, maintained publio order, and promoted the welfare of all parts of our vast and expanding country. No ono who knows the history of Pennsylvania, and understands the opinions and feelings of her people, can justly charge us with hostility to our brethren of other States. We regard them as friends and fellow•oountrymen, in whose welfare wo fool a kindred interest ; and we recognize in their broadest extent all our constitutional obliga tions to them. These wo are ready and willing to observe generously and fraternally in their opirit with unswerving fidelity. Tho oleotion of a President of the United States, according to the forms of the Constitution, has re. Gently been tondo a pretext for disturbing the peace of the country, by a deliberate attempt to wrest from the Peaerat Government the powers which the people conferred on it when they adopt ed the Constitution. By this movement, the ques tion whether the Government of the United States embodies the prerogatives, rights, and powers of sovereignty, or merely represents, for specific pur poses, a multitude of independent communities, confederated in a league which any ono of them may dissolve at will, is now placed directly before the American people. Unhappily, this question is not presented in the simple form of political dis cussion, but complicated with the passions and jealousies of impending or statist conflict. There is nothing in the life of Mr. Lincoln, nor TWO CENTS. any act or declaration of his, before or since his election, to justify the apprehension that his Ad minietration will be unfriendly to the local institu tions of any of-the States. No sentiments but those 'of kindness and conciliation have been expressed or entertained by the constitutional majoritywhich elected him ; and nothing has occurred to justify the excitement which seems to have blinded the judgment of a part of the people, and is precipi tating them into revolution: The supremacy of the National Government has • been so fully admitted, and so long cherished by the people of Pennsylvania; so completely has the idea of its: nationality and sovereignty moulded their political convictions and directed their politi eat action, that they are surprised at the pertina city with which a portion of the people elsewhere maintain the;oppositg view. The traditions of the past, the recorded teachings of the Fathers of the Republic, the security of their freedom and pros perity, and their hopes for the future, are all in harmony with an unfaltering allegiance to the National Union, the maintenance of the Constitu tion, and the enforcement of the laws. They have faithfully adhered to the compromises of our great ; National compact, and entertained a proper re ' spent for the peculiar institutions and rights of property of the people of other States. Every true Pennsylvanian admits that hie first civil and pelt- tidal duty is to the General Government, and he frankly acknowledges his obligation to protest the constitutional rights of ;all who live under its au thority and enjoy its blessings. hints-my election to the Chief Alegistrady of the State, I have taken occasion to , say publicly, Cott If we have any laws upon; our statute-Woks which'. infringe upon the rights an% •pelipte of any; of the States, or contravene any law of the Federal Go vernment, or obstruct its execution, they ought to the. repealed. We ought not to hesitate to exhibit to other Stateb that May hive onseted-lawcrintor-- tiering with the rights, or obstraetivo of the; rtimd- 5 !dies which beicmconstitittienallyifti'VPAMerican joititens, an example of . magnaniniityand impli-' !oft obedience to the paramount la*, end by' a' t prompt repeal of every statute tbat'may, even by lour be liable to reasonable objection, do ; •our part to remove every just cause of -dissatisfac tion with our 'legislation. Pennsylvania has ever been loyal and magnanl moos in.her recognition of all the duties imposed ;upon her by the national compact, and she will, by ,every dot consistent with her devotion to the in threats ofher own free peeople, prortiote fraternity rand; peace, and a liberal comity between the ::States. Ear convictions on the vital questions ; "which have agitated the public mind are well un- , derstood at home, and should not be mieundetateed • !abroad. Res verdicts have ;been as uniform . as ;they have been decisive, in faver of the dignity, ;the prosperity and the progress of her free indus try, and support of the principles of liberty on . which the Government is Minded, and menace or ;;rebellion cannot reverse them. ;They have passed • into history as the deliberate judgment of her I people, expressed in a peaceful, fraternal, and ; constitutional mannetri; and when they Shall have been administered in the Government, as soon they will be, the madness that now rules the hour will I subside, as their patriotic, faithful, and national aims bring ample protection and peaceful progress to all sections of the Republio. In the grave questions which now agitate the country, no State has a more profound concern than Pennsylvania. Occupying a geograPlaioat position between the North and lite South, the East and ; the West, with the great avenges of travel and trade passing through her borders, carrying on an ! extensive commerce with her neighbors, in the vast and varied prodaations of her soil, her mines and • her mantifaetoring industry, and bound to them by the ties of kindred and social intercourse, the ques ! Lion of disunion involves momentous consequences to hor people. The second of the thirty-three ' States in population, and the first in material re• sources, it is due both to ourselves and to the other States, that the position and sentiments of Penn- Sylvania on the question should be distinctly un• derstood. All the elements of wealth and greatness have beeu spread over the State by a kind Providence with profuse liberality. Our temperate climate, productive soil, and inexhaustible mineral wealth, have stimulated the industry of our peo ple, and improved the skill of our mechanics. To develop, enlarge, and protect the interests which grow out of our natural advantages, have become cardinal principles of political economy in Penn sylvania, and the opinion everywhere prevails among our people that development, progress, WA wealth depend on educated and requited labor; and that labor, and the Interests sustained by it, should bo adequately protected against fo reign competition. The people of Pennsylvania have always favored that policy which aims to ele vate and foster the industry of the country in the collection of revenue for the support of the General Government ; -and whenever they have had the opportunity in a fair election they have vindicated that policy at the ballot-box. When their trade was prostrated and their industry pa ralyzed by the legislation of the General Govern ment, which favored adverse interests, they Waited patiently for the return of another opportunity to declare the public will in a constitutional manner. In the late election of President of the United States the principle of protection was one of the prominent issues. With the proceedings of . Con gress at its last session fresh in their memories, a large majority of the people of Pennsylvania en rolled themselves in an organization which, in its declaration of prifielples ' promised, if successful, to be faithful to their suffering interests and lan guishing•ladustry. Protection to labor was ono of . the great principles o t its platform ; it was inscribed on its banners; it was advocated by its public jour nals; and throughout the canvass it was a leading text of the orators of the successful party. This is a propitious moment to declare that, while the people of Pennsylvania, not indifferent to other vital issues Of the canvass, were demand ing justice for themselves in the recent election, they hod no design to interfere with or abridge the rights of the people of other States. The growth of our State had been retarded by the abrogation of the principle of protection from the revenue laws of the National Government; bankruptcy had crushed the energies of many of our most enterprising citizens; bat no voice of disloyalty c treason was heard, nor was an arm raised to offer violence to the sacred fabric, of our National Union. Conscious of their rights and their power, our people looked to the ballot-box alone as the legal remedy for existing evils. In the present unhappy condition of the country, it will be our duty to unite with the people of the States which remain loyal to the Union, in any just and honorable measures of conciliation and fraternal kindness. Let us invite them to join us in the fulfilment of all our obligations under the Federal Constitution and laws. Then we can cor dially unite with them in claiming like obedience from those States which have renounced their alle giance. If tho loyal States are just and moderate, without any sacrifice of right or self-respect, the threatened danger may be averted. Ours is a National Government, It has within the sphere of its notion all the attributes of sove reignty, and among these are the right and duty of self preservation. It is based upon a compact to which all the people of the United States are parties It is the result of mutual cenoessions, which were made for the purpose of assuring re ciprocal benefits. It ants directly on the people, and they owe it a personal allegianoe. No part of the people, no State nor combination of States, can voluatarily secede from the Union, nor eh eolve themselvea from their obligations to it. To permit a State to withdraw at pleasure from the Union, without the consent of the rest, is to con fess that our Government is a failure. Pennsylva niacan never acquiesee in sea% a eonspiraoy, nor assent to a doctrine which involves the destruc tion of the Government. If the Government is to exist, all the requirements of the Constitution must be obeyed; and it must. have power adequate to the enforcement of the supreme law of the land in every State. It is the first duty of the nation al authorities to stay the progress of anarchy and enforce the laws, and Pennsylvania, with a united people, will give them an honest, faithful, and as dye support. The people mean to preserve the integrity of the National Union at every hazard. The Constitution which was originally framed to promote the welfare of thirteen States and four millions of people, in loss than three-quarters of a century has embraced thirty-three States and thirty-three millions of inhabitants. Our territory has been extended over now climates, including people with now interests and wants, and the Go vernment has protected them all. Everything re quisite to the perpetuity of the Union and its ex panding power, would seem to have been foreseen and provided for by the wisdom and sagacity of the framers of the Constitution. It is all we desire or hope far, and all that our fellow-countrymen who complain, can reasonably demand. It piovidos that amendments may be proposed by Congress; and whenever the neces sity to amend shall occur, the people of Pennsyl vania will give to the amendments which Congress may propose, the careful and deliberate considera tion which their importance may demand. Change is not always progress, and a people who have lived so long, and enjoyed so much prosperity, who have so many snored memories of the past, and such rich legacies to transmit to the future, should deliberate long and seriously before they attempt to alter any of the fundamental prinaiples of the great charter el our liberties. I assume the duties of this high office at the most trying period of our national history. The public mind is agitated by fears, suspicions, and jealousies. Serious apprehensions of the future pervade the people. A proooncerted and organized effort bee been made to disturb the stability of Government, dissolve the Union of the States, and mar the sym metry and order of the noblest political struotrire ever devised and constructed by human wisdom. It shalt be my earnest endeavor to justify the con fidence which you have reposed in me, and to de serve your approbation. With a consciousness of the rectitude of my intentions, with no resent ments to cherish, no enmities to avenge, no wish but the public good to gratify, and with a profound sense of the solemnity of my position, 1 humbly invoke the assistance of our Heavenly Father, in whom alone le my dependence, that His strength may sustain and Wei wisdom guide me. With His divine aid I abaft apply myself faithfully and fear lessly to my responsible duties, and abide the judg ment of a generous people. Invoking the blessing of the God of our fathers upon our State and nation, it shall be the highest object of my ambition to contribute to the glory of the Commonwealth, maintain the civil and re ligious privileges of the people, and promote the union, prosperity, and happiness of the country. INTERCOURSE WITH CIIARLESTON.—Wo un derstand that a vessel in this port which had near ly completed its lading for Charleston, B. C., Yes terday abandoned the voyage and discharged her cargo, with consent of all parties Many of the houses in the Charleston business have not received any letters from their correspondents for over a week. The bark Modena, Capt. Ryder, of Sill°. way's line, is the last vessel reported as cleared from that port. Capt. Ryder has been in the Charles ton trade for many years, and as he left almost in the height of the excitement, his account, when ho arrives, will be very intoresting.—Boston Coin. anercial Bulletin. THE railroads crossing the Western prairies are protected from drifting snow in winter by high farces, which servo in summer to keep the cattle from the track. In the winter of 1859, before theta fences were constructed, the Illinois Central Rail- road Company expended $lOO,OOO in endeavoring to keep their track clear. THE WEEKLY PRESS. Tal WEXKL7 Palms win be sent to elltiellitete by mail (per annum in advance,) at —___ll2.oo Throe Conies. " 6.00 Five 2 00 Ten ~" Twenty " " " (to one addreso. 2o .oo Twenty Copies, or over (to address of each enbeariberd ems& 1.20 For a Club of Twenty-one. or over, we will send as extra copy to the setter-up of the Club. Postmostorn oro notated to oat as Agents fo Tan Wsuntr Paw. CALIFORNIA. PRESS. lamed three timer a Month, in time for the Californi Steamers, THE REVOLUTION IN THE SOUTH. LETTER FROM GOVERNOR PICKEX/3 CHARLESTON, Jan. 14, 1861. G. B. Lamar, President Bank of the Republic, New York. Btu : Please have it authoritatively published that no flag or no vessel will be disturbed or pre vented from entering our harbor unless bearing hostile troops or munitions of war for Fort Sump ter. All trade is desired, and all vessels in oosameros only will be gladly received. F. W. PICKJINS. BUSINESS IN THE SOUTH A. gentleman born at the North, but who for many years has been in business in the South, was in this city a day • or two since making the neces. sary arrangements to transfer his capital from the South to the North. He holds that, even if the present troubles are temporarily adjusted, he has no security that another diffmulty may not occur, and he prefers to have his capital invested where i will not be endangered by, the frequent occur rence of rebellion and revolution.—Boston Tra veller. HUMANITY AND CHEMISTRY . . . Some.humane and chemical son] suggests tolls South Carolinians that, by icatnerairig cotton fibre in ii mixture of Equal parts of fuming nitrie acid and of .oulphuriu acid (of sp gr. 2 00), it is at one. converted tato gun cotton, a material more effective than the best gunpowder, and which can be pro duced at a cost of fifty per , cent. leas. ' BWOII,DS FOR UAJOit ANDEItfeON. We votfoe that all the . .Northern. der.porations, instead of. feeding their -atarying:operatives, are getting ready to present swords to !Haler Ander son. If this work of benevolence goes on, the ma jor will soon have two swords for every man in hie ;garrison, drummers included. Par parendursia, we wonder whether - the Major , is going aftenthe atreriler•or whether the presentation comnilttees mean. to ibziwg pot to , hiin.— , Oharlestme lifer- : SEIZURE OF raIVDER Forty-five hundred kegs of powder. worth about $23,000, shipped, from the East via New Orleans. to Lefibm,,Smitli,:te Bair,. of St. Louis, on board ship Torvad9, hag been, seized in New Orleans, by the SeoetisiedisEs. The Odireiphnderies 'of Aleasie. L. b. & B: have telegraphed theleesele St. Louis, desiring tile privilege to : sell it to the State for cash, - otherwPo fearing they would not get any thing for it. The French Press on Disunion. (From La Presse, of Paris, Deo. 4.) Trance cannot be otherwise than proud to End her protection claimed or her alliance sought by all oppressed nationalities, and it is her interest and her glary not to fail in any of the obligations that her high position imposes upon her. But in the present case (that of the proffered alliance of the Southern States), the gondola of independence is complicated by a question of elavery, and the one flings an unhappy shadow over the other. France, who abolished slavery herself, cannot even seem to protect it in other countries. Such an idea even would do her a serious injury. The Americans of South Carolina must, then, be per suaded, that if ever they obtain from the French Government the moral.supportlhat the demand, It will not be as proprietors, but in spite of their being proprietors of slaves, and by virtue of the principle, acknowledged forthirty years, that all Governments de facto shall be recognized by the Governments of Europe and America. There is only one of the divisions of the Union in regard to which France can have, in certain events, any more extended rights and duties., It is Lostislaua as it geographically existed when it was ceded by us to the United States in 1803. The treaty of cession guarantied to the French .colo nists and their descendants the enjoyment of their property and of their civil and religious rights. The vast and rich Territory of Louisiana has form ed since Ilion, besides the State itself of Louisiana, the States of Missouri, Arkansas, lowa, parts of Alabama and Wisconsin, and the Territories of Minnesota, Nebraska, and Kansas. Every time that one of these had to be organized or admitted to the Confederation, the slave proprietors have invoked their rights guarantied to them by the treaty of 1803. The right of Arkansas, founded on this argument; Wes recognized by John Wiley Adams himself in-1838. 'The Governor of Nehru kainveked the same argument in vetoing the: bill to prohibit the introduction of slaves into the Ter ritory, and this dootrine is also to be found in the decision of the Supreme Court of the United States rendered in the ease of the negro Dred Scott. These are the historical and judicial precedents, which will not be without value in case any seri ous attack is made upon the civil, political, and religious rights of the ancient territory of Lotthi ana. But the institution of slavery—was it 'a por tion of these rights forever guarantied? And these rights, are they really ignored? These are questions that France can neither raise nor solve, and which she cannot be called upon to examine, except at the request of. the Louisiana authorities. At present this State, happily, seems to take no part in the Disunion movement. There is, un doubtedly, an extreme party, which is recr uited chiefly from the nanny planters, whose principal wealth is in slave property, and whose revenue lies iu the produce of the soil. But, by strange con trast, while Southern agriculturists are the most determined in favor of slavery, the most fanatical Abolitionists are to be found among the agrieultu sista of the North. The seacoast towns, on the contrary, are strongly conservative., New York gave twenty•five thou rand majority against Lincoln, New Orleans voted for Bell, and Charleston, Savannah, and all other Southern ports have, to a certain extent, opposed the tide of schism proclaimed at Augusta and Co lumbia.. The reason is, that the maritime towns understand better than all others that the prospe rity of the Union depends upon union, and that in rupture the basis of its success is destroyed. Com mercial instinct rises in them to the height of po litical intuition, end merchants and traders are at this time the truest patriots. France has in the United States the same inte rest that then large towns have, and ought fo fol low the same lino of conduct. The rupture of the Union will entail more risks than benefits ; for while the commerce of England and the whole of Europe will be admitted, with our own, to the free ports of the new Confederation, the Northern Con federation will immediately seek. in an exclusive alliance with England, a counterpoise to the Southern agreement with France. War will ine vitably flow from this antagonism. Having es allies slave proprietors, we will be foaled, by the nature of things, to defend their institutions,. end to tolerate their plan of annexing Mexico and the Island of Cuba, which the North up to this time has alone prevented. France will never lay herself open to such a course. • She ought not to allow the Southern States to deceive themselves in this matter. She cannot even lend such consent as silence may af ford ; her duty is to labor with all her power to prevent a dissolution. There ought not to be for us, on the other side of the Atlantis, either South ern Americans or northern Americans, but States whose union is important to the equilibrium of the world. The American marine is not less necessa ry to France than the Russian, Spanish, and Ita lian navies, to prevent a single Power from seis ing the empire of the seas. France was the first ally of the United States; we hope that she will now be their counsellor, and expose the abyss Into which they are hurrying— en abyss in which will be buried forever a past most glorious and a future most hopeful. For the American Union, separation is suicide; it is mur der of a great nation and a great principle. France cannot lend a hand to this suicide and this murder. She has helped to make this people; she will never help to destroy them. Such are, we are convinced, the sentiments of • our Government. FIGHT WITH THE INDIANS.—The While Man i (Texas,) of the 28th nit., has an extra, containing the news of a fight on the Ifith. Capt. hoes, with twenty-five United States cavalry, bad a fight with sixteen Comanches, in which thirteen of the latter were killed. The chief's youngest son was cap tured, together with a white woman and her child, the woman having been among the Indians rinse shildhood. THE CHIORASA.W9 AND CHOCTAWS FOR TEXAS. —We notice an important fact in the Grayson county Monitor, of the 19th nit. The citizens of Preston, in the county, on Rod river, held a pubic meeting. The lone star flag waa hoisted. Strong " resistance " and "secession" resolutions were passed. A large portion of the respectable citizens of the Chiokasaw and Choctaw Nations were pre sent at this meeting, by invitation ; heartily parti cipated in the deliberations, and assisted in the duties of the occasion. YAIIKINB rN EunorE.—lt is estimated that there are 30,000 Americans in Europe, and that they spend among them a sum of $160,000,000 per annum. This accounts to some extent for the large shipments of gold made to Europe over and above the amount credited to mercantile transao. lions. THE AMOUNT OF TOBACCO ON THE GLOBE.— The present annual production of tobacco has been estimated, by an English writer, at 4,000,000,000 pounds! This is smoked, chewed, and snuffed. Suppose it all made into cigars, 100 to the pound, it would produce 400,000,000,000. Four hundred billions of cigars ! Allowing this tobacco, unman- featured, to cost oa the average 10 cents a pound, and we have $400,000,000 expended every year in producing a noxious, deleterious weed. At least ono and a half times as much more is required to manufacture it into a marketable form and to dis pose of it to the customer. Is a discussion on acoustics in the Insti tute of Arohiteots, England, in reference to the flat surfaoe behind a speaker, it was stated that the Bishop of Lincoln, preaohing once in the open air, instead of turning his back to the wall, faced about towards It, and the result was that he was heard disttnatly by tateral hundred persona. Mn. WEEKS, of Sandwich, writes as follows to Mr. Rowell,who, at the British Association, sug gested the possibility of bringing down rain from the Claude at pleasure : " I have from very early life been an assiduous experimenter with electric kites, atmospheric exploring wires, do. Now, I beg to assure you, that it has several times hap pened that when my kite has been raised under a distended light dewy cloud, at a moderate eleva tion, a free current of sparks has passed from the apparatus during some ton or twelve minutes; I have suddenly found myself bedewed with a de scent of fine misty rain ; and on looking up, have I seen the cloud upon which was operating sur prisingly reduced in magnitude." THE teller of a Boston bank paid two thou sand dollars last week, instead of two hundred dol lars. Happily, B. F. Pratt, an honest man, re ceived it. —Eastloyernor Banks has consented to it to Mr: Bunt for a portrait, at the request of a num ber of prominent citizens of Massachusetts. —Mr. Wills is the name of the subordinate edi tor of Dickens' All the Year Round. It is be who in reality does the editorial work of that magazine. —Moses Kelly, Esq., ohiefelerk of the Interior Department, who has been Acting Secretary lime the resignation of Mr. Thompson, is still in dis charge of the duties ad interim.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers