rvmwmluaw, (mmvfr* tatmmv,)
.«**»§> -
1 ohnstnit* «wu»
;■■ fii. ,•
ta tfce'JJirridr.
MjiM V — 1 r~**-‘rUßml^ixuu
Partm******* 'w™ w» •*»»■» Mo**?*
xysjrtNbtuiMn* HutMoirriu-Un’MiaUf t» •*-
te^jwttetfiM'ortedad.'-
- Wii *J»%W»g)U,*,MUBM.,-,.
Bob'
'‘: ‘t'coioiUSHllf vSfOVMAM
gg^g^sS^/fmiToHlHso»,
;.■•? '.
COMMISSION MIHOHANTS
- '<:> f FOBTHBSALBOF 1
f GOODB.
ENGTW SiIUS,
j'Y FORMERLY BAY STATE MILLS.
SHAV£iMef»lliiieel»itreetv*riety,
TABLE COVERS,
#IQKBEAVB*Bw!4BtOAJ>OLOTHB,
BALMORAL SKIRTS,
DOESKINS, end Doable end Taieted COATINGS,
e-iAACKtMGS.eodHeevr ZEPHYR CLOTBS.: -
Twilled Sad Flelii FLANNELS Add ORSHA FLAN
NEL*,' ■
PitatedFELT CARPETINGS,
ForuleOy ’•_
■ FROTfI NQHAM & WELLS.
~' 3 * Booth FRONT Street, end
,: ■as letitiastmt.
£|LOTHING OOOOS. -
S';;, italun' cloths. .
1 - l sl’~, ALPACAS,' /, ,
'SPANISH,'BLAV, AND SLOUBE.
vti-.j v.:‘r LINENS. -
. : fLAIK AHD VANGf
~,r DUCKB AMD DULLS.
WOWr* •TOBK.AJH) TOAiAtHBT
GEO. I>. PARRISH.
■ aiaCHESTNUTStTeet.
' MATS ANDCAPB.
rt - HBWHAT BTOBB. j)
** JOHK Ei POSTER.
r (Ut»of Mt SmtdTUrdetnet,)
- - -frHevm* takem tke etore at ‘
NO. 831 OHEBTNUT ST,
Afl< to* tf at «s tertw etyle, Uvitee theetteitlm
mMSantaNd extensive stock
PITS AND GAPS.
(SSY.anrtTtMAn nMhMtilTM.' -
LOOKING-GLASSES
era - > - ■
FICTVBK FRAMES,
Of every variety.
stfQturinas, oiL-fAtmiNOS, tt..
NO,'MS ABcM STREET. ;
«*O. T„ BXHKKBT,
tuyartcTeaiaeaoixroatu. -
MOULDINGS,
rOKXEAIT AND FIOTUBE fBAIOB
ENGRAVINGS.
. OIL PAINTINSS, Ae,, he.
iABBB B. lABLE fc 8011, ’
mr outers. i KAjrtmcmxa », whole
sale jled retail dealers.
SABLES' GALLERIES,
.- MS. CEEBTNVV STKBBE, -
HuledeWria,
H6|IBB-FURNIBHIN« GOODS.
YARN ALL.
«tFOBTI»ANDDBALBBIN
HOUSE FUKNISHHSTG
V' y
■u»W<fiU>f'oyyowiu the of Fin* Art*.)
TAMJtjpBTLERYi .OVAI/WAITBM.
HJts3o* WBLES, „ tOOJLUXIS,
■miMiiilnrWmniiTn-r-' tieyaitMufr
tartwdto *a*x4»to*ioa «f thli atack of Vmtn.
?: - i ~- ~W*-RrifrA
IT. FUBVITVBE.
■■■■ ■ «■ -
ptBBNOH FURNITURE.
&EORGE J. HENItEtiS,
tti WALNUT STREET,
• iut mW ft Ursa lttioio* of
out,
tniußiua,
MjUMJUinKIE.ftB* '
OEMOLO WORK,
WUftfcfc* *»•«** FJUCB>.
EIRBTrCZASB CABINET WARE.
OEO.J. HENKELS,
’SR,4 WALNUT STREET.
- OfT«rt»t '
V**X K KDUOID PEIOS B
■kfttaifMtMftMtauatlatfcftUaibiifftttofNmr Dtaca*
OftQ cat MftatMMCon ftorehftftiiii. . *MtW
r , AMEH«T FUBNmjBI AND BIL-
V/USBSTABUB. ' :
MOORE A CAMPION.
■ra »wr »raoi» °*
WlM«B?tUTaufTilihor tbftftftTftblaft tkftafn
raft »■*-**
WIW CABINET WABEBOOMB
oraro OTIS week ay i
W 0.4« SMth lybmlS&t.
ofipwMMm
itofFUlJfiTUMoiWy^
l#vwto«M rntm.
SPORTING GOODS.
QUNSi PISTOLS.
SKATES. &C.
PHIIJtJP WLLSON&OO.,
KANUFACTURKM OF SUPERIOR SONS,
Importer* and Tlaalaraln
KINK WRI AND SHOOTIRe TAOKLU,
ORIOKET HATS. BALIA
BABE-BALL IMPLEMENT*.
■KATES OF EVERT VARIETY.
FIRE FISHING TACKLE,
AT THE LOWEST PRICES,
483 CHESTNUT STREET.
o*t» '» ■-t J .. - -•- ?
REMOVALS.
removal. ,
THOMAS MELLOR & GO..
HOSIERY HOUSE.
HsnnMftnA totM Sion rojmetlfooomied br
- YARD, GiLLKORE,-* 00.,
Wo.*SAHD4» WORTH THIRD STREET.
■MITHB' MARKET and ARCH Strati.
■oS-ln
•CWING MACHINES.
WHEELER & WILSON,
rriees JKe4«ced, Won 15,1860.
SEpMO.'- MACHINES.
H 8 OKHMuT —second floor.
ioMb . .. •. -
JJAKiUS* BOUDOIR
AWP
at n-
Amp
--1 ’ V c,-1 1 -- -’’
ypL. lOO.
RETAIL DRY GOODS.
gJPEOt AI. AND IMPORTANT NOTION!
Is <H>nN«u*UM 01-oor WHOLESALE TAADK hav
ing beta mu eh lest than ire have in
atorpalurge
SURPLUS STOCK
• OF FALL AMD WINTER
MOURNING GOODS.
Am WILL SAIL OFF THE FARE At |
COST AND LESS THAN COST!
The racUiotioa in pnoee will oonuaeno* on
SATURDAY. NOV. 24.
,4advHM be oontfnatd ONLY until the iurplua goods
•mtiifOMdof. .
~ The qu-lr Attention of oar oaltomen and parohaier*
(•Berallr is reateetfaUy invited*
BESSON & SON.
MOURNING STORE,
. Do3*-*t NO. 918 CHESTNUT Street.
LADIES’ CLOAKS.
AT
REDUCED PRICES.
LADIES' FURS
AT
REDUCED PRICES,
In view of th* Eieaant:iK»etMr«tiia.theiubiori
heii are laduned to offef then g toe It of
ELEGANT
, CLOAKS AND FURS
AT A
REDUCTION OP TWENTY-FIVE PER CENT.,
FOR THE BALANCE OF THE SEASON.
J. W. PROCTOR & CO..
TBS PARIS MANTILLA, CLOAK,
ASD ■
FUR EMPOKIUM.
TOB CHESTNUT STREET^
JNDIA SHAWLS.
VELVET CLOAKS,
OLOTH CLOAKS,
SILKS,
SHAWLS,
DRESS HOODS,
Ie feast variety and choice aaiaationa, at.
GEORGE FRYER’S.
No. tlf CHESTNUT STREET.
oel*-tf - -
LADIES’ DRESS
j„'l'' TRIMMINGS.
STAPLE AND FANCY fiOSBB,
ZKPHYRWORBTRD.r^WT/ttVALIrY.
SILT TRUIMIMaiIitHBBfcTfNeg.
CROCHET FRIKGWaSdBBIiTHAS.
BMBROIDERSD SLIPPERS AND CUSHIONS.
EMBROIDERED CRAIN SKATS.
WOOLLEN YARNS, ALL SIZES, .
. ZEPHYR-KNIT TALMAS AND JACKETS.
ZEPHYR-KNIT SONTAHS AND SLEEVES.
ZEPHYR-KNIT CAPS AND GAITERS.
RAPSON33,
TRIMMINGS AND ZEPHYR STORE,
| Cernar EIGHTH and CHERRY Straats.
rnUOBNLEY & OHIBM’8! ! !
l)oliaf FmT'OeacSiLUfor
"MiSfOTlffi/" 8KM!:!!
ix-Bfßroehf ffh**!*, jsioellint, for f &
Lon* Bcdom sftfcwliTßuforiori. for $lO to sl3*
. - liOM,Byh ShawS, Very fine, fur #m, 916. SlB,
; • SEW CLOAK
Zouave Jackets,'lilaok and Fan or
good for SI.
A Large Stock ofcCloth*.
XLafca Stocfc#f Gusimares, Battinatts, fcVestint*.
. Blaakota,Flannels.Linens.aadMtulmß._
N.E.Cornar Kiolimnt SpKUIG GAHJ® Bta,
W. R—Every artlola boaxlitfor cash. nol
R»ntNTgE POPLINS.
,»▼* Ribbed Poplin*,
. MRHRfM
DarkMlxtarea, Plain Color*.
_ RarlPaWna.
Small Plaid*,
Desifns for Children,
Stylos for Fnendv,
, ,At sripeenriuoedbeW the antemn rates.
VBVrOMUK boom contains
■™ Jpeiaat Cloth cloaks, .
, TSvary new style Coat and Cloak.
Woollen, Brooho, Bhaw^.
post Sotttheaat comer NINTH end MARiriBT.
T A RGB BLANKETS.
te v .
noM SosttOMtoCrnsrHlNTß and MARKET.
HfEBINOES, DELAINES. POPLINS.
*•" 'Fine .lock Black Dim Goodt..
home drem foods very »noh, reduced,
r rutted Cashmeres, jsr4>ide,3l and 57 coote.
noli ■ 1 , SoathsaetoorawmNTHsiidmlSkbT.
£JLOTHB, OASSIMERSS, AND SATI-
Fancy aad Slash CaestiMjM.
ncM Bo«thaa«tcoTnnffiflfffH*and O MAItKfcT.
T TONS CLOAK VELVETS.
Maonlhetared for our retail trade.
nnrtTtnfßS
no« "gHEMAUT andKlOMh.
oqn NORTH EIGHTH Street, abv. Race,
wmu 9U^rf I 8l(?A !II,BN
“ w a3MMft BAM
ffi .Mode^a«id^^3ar rp^rfs . oTTi
QLQAKS .—The greatest bargains in the
* ll ™ IVENS’.
CLOAKS.—The laneat atoek. the heat assortment,
thsehoioeet colon, the Snesfaualitiee.tiie rooet.upsrb
trimminfe, the aewset styles, the bait work, and daol
dadlr thelowtet arloaa in the oitr. at • IVENS'. 93
Boeth NINTH Street. noU-lm
fUOAKB. -The CITY CLOAK STORE,
KAS Nchth EIGHTH.' Every one <ia talking of
tke »reetj)enalna aad eoperior eaalrty of the CLOAKS
at tka new CLOAK 810 RE, 14a North EIGHTH
Btreeh . ’ nols-lm
yILOAKS.—It you want the best value
V/ fof four mosey, go to the Git, Cloak Store. X 43
Jtorth JKIGHTH Street, above Cherry. no!s Im
rtLOAKS.—The CITY CLOAK STORE,
At 143 Nortt EIGHTH. i» aald to lie tlie beat anil
cheapest More In the oitr. noU-lin
/CLOAKS.—A magnificent assortment of
vJf'sllthe newest .trie, iin ported this season, with
every new material, made up and triiruned in tire vary
heat manner, at pncea that defy all competition, at the
Faria Cloak Store. uorthaaßt corner of EIGHTH and
WALNUT Streets. . nolt-lm
CLOTHING.
O. THOMPSON.
TAILOR,
NORTHEAST CORNER OF SEVENTH AND WAL
NUT STREETS,
Opposite Waelunaton Saturn.
PAKTALOONB IN F/T A GUARANTEE,
,N. tß,—Gentlemen visiting the oity are aolioiteil to
havettgjr gpaeuieetaken for fatal* ordeta.
A NNISUD-For sale by WYTHJCRILL
NOi.4T Ud4» North. SECOND
MILLINERY GOODS.
r J'HOS. KENNEDY* BRO.
7 3 9
CHESTNUT STREET, BELOW EIGHTH,
Hava owned a SPLENDID ASSORTMENT of
FRENCH FLOWERS, HEAD DRESSES,,
FEATHERS, RIBBONS, STRAW GOODS,
*«» . i
BONNEY MATERIALS.
AT LOW PRICES. . «Hm
SILVER WARE.
Established isia
WM. WILSON & SON.
MANUFACTURERS OF
SILVER WARE,
S. W. CORNER FIFTH AND CHERRY STB.
A large assortment constantly on hand, or made to order
to match any pattern desiredi
Personawishing to have ORIGINAL BTYX/E8 will be
furnished with patterns by our designer FREE OF
CHARGE.
IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN
ENGLISH,
FRENCH, AND AMERICAN
PLATED WARES,
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL.
noli tf
BLINDS AND . SHADES.
JJLINDS AND SHADES.
B. J, WILLIAMS.
No. 16 NORTH SIXTH STREET..
Is the most extensive Manufacturer of
VENETIAN BLINDS
ARB
WINDOW SHADES.
The largest and. finest assortment in the oitr* at tha
lowest prioes. •
STORE SHADES made and lettered. REPAIRING
promptly attended to. , 001-Jm
PREPARED GLUE.
SPALDING’S
PREPARED GLUE!
“A STITCH IN TIME SAVES NINE >’
,SOONOMSr! SAPN TIIjB »MMVU, Bmtaaa
A. attutaue will A asm, e*m i» well-nniiaiek
ftmilits itia Terr daeirabla to have some oheapand
convenient war for resalrinx Fnrutnre, lost, Groeke
SPALDING’S PREPARED GLUE
aiaata all each emenenoles, and no household oan afford
to be without it It iaalwarsrexdr and »p to the stick
ing point. Thera is no lonjer a neoeecitr forlimpln*
ahaira. splintered Veneera, haadlaaa dolls, and broken
Indies. Itiajnatths artrela for oone, thel). and other
ornamental work, as toeulir with ladies of refinement
'and taste.
Thia admirable praiaiitloß is used sold, being aha
wienllr held in eolation, and poeeeeeijif ail tha valuable
tuaUtiee of tha beat cabinet-maker*’ glue, It mar be
usd in' the plane of ordinarr mnailage, haise veeilr
mot* adhesive,
•* USEFUL IN EVERY HOUSE'
N. B. A Vreeh aeoompuiiaa agon bottle,
PRICK TWENTY-FIVE CENTS.
WleVesalaDepot, No. *IOEDAR Street. New Yark.
Address
HENRY 0. SPALDING A CO.,
Box No. MOO, New Yprk,
fit mi for Deafer* in Game* oontmmng four, eight,
mad twwre aoxen, s teauttffei Lithwapim? Shott-cam*
MoomianrinK each sector e*
A single bottle of
SPALDING'S PBEPAUBDGLM2
will «&ve ten times its oost annually to emery Jtomte&eUU
Sold by ell prouunet Stationer*, Drnifirt*.-Hard
ware and Pumitaro Dealer*, Grocer*, asm Fancy
•tore*.
fttatrj Merchant* should make & note e!
BPALMNG'B PiIBPABBB OMJB,
when making: up their list,
_ IT WILL STAND ANY CLIMAX
dM-urwlv* • ;
LEGAL.
r* THE DISTRICT COURT FOR THE
CITY AND COUNTY OP I’HILADKLPHIA,
GILBFRT R. BPALDlNO.uinineo of Oh«Ie» J. Jlo
gpiß vs.TYILLI AMTI). AOGEAS. Fa. September
To 1860. J*o<6».
The Auditor appointed to distribute the fund in Court
arising fro* the Sheriff’s sale under above writ of fieri
f&Oi&s.will roeet the parties interested at his olfioo at
the southeast corner of EIGHTH ondLOCUST Btreets,
on FRIDAY, December 7th, iB6O, at font o’oloclc in the
afternoon, vrben and where all parties interested are
required to appear and preseut their olaitns or he de
clared from coming in on this fund. _
pcffMOt DAM. DOUGHERTY, Auditor.
I 1
;N T m MSTRIOT COURT FOR THE
i- CITY AND COUNTY OF PHILADELPHIA,
BUBHKOD W. JCNJGHT vs. ELIZABETH KKR
MER, Administratrix to the Estate of James Harmer,
Contractor, and Elizabeth Harmer. owner. Levari F&-
oi&s. September Term, 1800. No. 730.
HENRY I. BOCKIUo vs. SAME. Levari Facias.
September Term, 1860. No. 740.
The Auditor appointed to report distribution of the
fund in Court, amtn* from the cheiilFa sale under the
above writs of “ Ajl that lot or piece of ground* with
the three-stoned brick building thereon erected, situate
at the southwest comer of Eleventh aijd Barley street,
in the city of Philadelphia, containing in front or
breadth on said KJeventh street twenty feet, more or
lets, and extending of that width in length or depth
westward along said Under sireet eighty-i wo feet to a
twenty feet wide street, laid out by Joseph Bwilt.&o.**'
will attend to the dunes of his appointment on TUKS
DAY. the fourth day of December, at 4 o’clock P. M.,
at hie Office. No. eO4 PRUNE Street, when and where
all persons interested are required to present their
hums, ar be debarred from coming mou said fund.
po2MCt P. P.WORRIH. Auditor,
pEBRT COUNTY, ss.
r aK . T -i The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, to the
frbenff of said oounty. greeting:
, Weoommand youth** you attach J. Douglass Brown,
late of your oounty, or ail andaingurar hie *goo<ls and
ofaattels, moneys, nghts,oredits,ana effeots,lands and te
nements,m whose hands, possession, or custody, soever
the earns may be found, so that he be and appear before
our Court of Common Pleas, to be holden at Bloomfield
on the first Monday of January next, in and for said
county, to answer Samuel H. Aldridge, Albert M. Aus
tin. and Stephen John George, late partners, trading
under the firm of Aldridge A Co., of a plea in debt
upon two several Promissory Notes—one dated 12th
August, 18(9 at six months, for $1,641.60. ana the other
dated the 21th of Ootober, 1859, for #3,06,49, at six
months; and also that you summon f the person or per
sonam whose possession the property la. that they be
and appear before oar said Court, on the first Monday
of January next, to answer what shall be objected
against them, ana abide the Judgment of the Court
therein; and especially attach two traots of land situ
ate in Tobojne township, Perry oounty, Pa.—one war
ranted in the name of Henry Branham, containing 101
acres and 20 perches, and the other traotin the name of
A ernes S9b acres,7l perches; said
mde are bounded by rands of William Guise, Arobibald
Bighaio, and others. Witness the Honorable Jamee H.
graham. Era,, President Judge of our said Conrt at
loomfield, the #d day of October. A. D. iB6O,
DAVID MICKEY,
nll-mlt rrothopotary.
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS
CITY AND -COUNTY OF PHILA-
To CHARLES MIFFLIN. or his legal representatives
Notice is hereby given, that Richard L. Rdwarda baa
presented a petition to the.said Court praying for the
eaUsuotioA of a mortgage/or $1,009 on a three-story
Frick Messuage end Lot of Ground, situate on the west
side ol Tenth street, 91 feet north of Bpruoe street. IB
feet front by,Bo feet deep, given by Benjamin Meredith
to Edward Shippen Burd, m trust for, »-harlos Mifilm,
dated the Ist oar of June. 1810, recorded m Mortgage
Book, M. R. No. S, page 152, at Philadelphia, and that
unless eauae be shown to the contrary* on oy before
Saturday, tne first day of December. 1860, satisfaction
of ..Id mortm. Win £.
aoH-roSt Attorney for Richard L. Edwards.
]\TOTIOE. —TO THE, HEIRS AND LE
-11 GAL Rapr.nntatlv.apf DANIEL 80HNEDER,
l,ta of JSait £,rl township, Lancaster oounty. do
ooased. ,
You are hereby notified, virtue of an order ol
the Orphans’ Court of Lancaster county, to me directed.
I will hold an inquest to divide, part, or value the Real
K»tate, of DANIEL fiQHNfcDlyt. deceased, on SA
TURDAY, theMthday of DECEMBER, A, D. 1800,at
1 o’olook r. M., on the premises, in East Earl township,
Lancaster oounty, when and where you may attend])
you think proper. . AW. P. BOYD. fiheriiT.
jfrherilTs Qffioe, Lancaster. Qot. so, 1880. 0029»in6t
|\) OTIOE.—APPLICATION HAS BEEN
11 made to tlio Auditor Generat of the State of Peim*
sylvania for the renewal of a Certificate of Ponnsylva
nra State Loan, per apt of Aral MM.for
$1,440.45, dated April 10, 1848. m name, of filbiUa B.
Kennedy, the same having been lost or destroyed.
Oeg-WHIfTI . 1 • "
COPARTNERSHIP NOTICES,
Til URPIIY-'WHIPPLB IRON BRIDGE.
iT t
, PHILADELPHIA, , '
Beg leave.to inform Railroad Companies, and others
interested Jn bridge construction, that they have formed
a,commotion m otuuness with JOHN Vr. MURPHY,
Civil ISnjmeor, (author and raventorof the above well
known plan of iron bridceri&nd are propared to execute
orders, from any part of the country, from his designs
and personal superintendence.
AiUoltera relating to plans and estimates should bo
~ OF I’OIILIO HlallVUV.. )
Offico 8. W. oorner Olientuut and Fifth SU. 5
TVOTICE TO OONI'KAt/rORI-HDalcd
of a^Cttlvert.un LAOIS Btroet,.between Seven
teenth and Eighteenth B tree to, two fett mx inches in
a AU lnddersnre iuvited to bo preoont at the opening of
Proposals offered, on said day. at 4 o’clock F. al °
Specification! urar to bad at the pepsitmcnt of Sur
veys, which will be strictfv adhered to,
.The lowest bidders wm bonieforward within tliree
daya after the opening oi Proposals, or their bids will
be considered withdrawn,
No bid will be recelvedunlesa a bond is «iven, agree
ably to an Ordinance approved May 25, iB6O
JOSEPH SHANTZ.
Chief Commissioner of Highnaja,
PHILADELPHIA, MONDAY, NOVEMBER 26, 1860*
% jj l .$r ti *;
MONDAY, NOVEMBER 26, 1860.
England and tho Continent*
A very pertinent inquiry nraamadc in the
Now York Tribune rcpently, in regard to tho
validity of that pubHc lfnv of Europe for tbo
alloged violatidn of which Count Cavaur ahd
tlio King of Sardinia hare boon arraigned bj[
tho Ministers of Russia, Austria, and the re
presentatives of the lato King ol Maples.
W.o sympathize hoartily with-the spirit iifc
which the Tribune made the inquiry, and atf.
mire the pointed and graphic manner in which
the case was presonted by our coteuiporaryJ
But we have onf fears that the Absolutists ofy
Knrope will’not yield without a bloody strug-]
gle4o tho just demands of humanity and right,
and allow Victor Emmanuel to bind Anally' and
firmly together what both geography and eth
nology seem to. require should bo united un
dor one ogiciont Constitutional Government-'
the hucieiit States ofvftaly. '. \
Certain historic doubts, and discuss ions of
twelve years standing, are new about fo bo
solved. Wo shall soon discover whether the
astute X’almorflton was truthfully accused of
duplicity in regard to the canso of constitnttoitai
freedom on the Continent, and especially Ip
Italy, in 1848. So, also, Is the sincerlty.of
Louis Napoleon on trial; and being ht'Taat
firmly seated bn tbe ttaone of France, St wifi 1
speedily become manifest whether he possesses |
those prime constituents of greatness, firm- !
ness, and truth, in bis public rosolvos. Pal
roerston and Napoleon have each horetoforb
ipade distinct declarations in favor of Italian
unity and Indepeßdeijce: those of the Empe* :
ror are the more recent, bat both are well re
membered by the world at largo. We must
confess, we have faith in both, whatever Russia
£b4 Austria, and even Prussia, combined, may
determine in the premises.
, There Is a wide difference between the pre
sent state of affairs in Italy—indeed, in all
Europe—and during the memorable straggles
twelve years agono. In 1847, the cry of free
constitutions and political reform wehtnp to
Heayen jn tumultuous, yet divided, clamors.
Men everywhere weye seeding.and shouting
for novelties, until frightened princes suddenly,
decided to bo popular; and oven the old King
of Prussia and the Pope of Rome entered
into the liberal and fashionable movements of
the hour. - The sunny plains of Italy became
sunnier than usual, and words of freedom were
once more openly uttored, amid rains rife
with the glories of ikutna anfl Cicero. The
new tope, emphatically menaced by Hotter,
nich, and hoping nothing from the most Chris
tian Louis Philippe, actually turned from the
Governments which professed to defend his
iaith, and ashed assistance from Protestant
England. This Popo then talked of freedom,
ggd declared he would emancipate his people,
With a heart flattering under tho new and ex
quisite luxury ol popuinr applapse—a lrixury
but short-lived, and not very likely, ever to
return to him. Palmerston, speaking for
England,, at this timo responded favorably to
tho claim*- of tno Italian Liberals, and sent
Lord Mlnto to the Courts or Turin and Flo
rence. Tho wild ontbreak in Paris occurred
in tho following year, or possibly English di
plomacy in Italy might thon have borne more
substantial fraits. Count do Alembert, in Ja
nuary 1848, openly and fiercely assailed the
British Pronjior in the French Chamber of
Pcersj on account of his liberal efforts. Lord
Aberdeen and Jusparty in England ungene
rously ebargou than Lorcrranno««.i v <, —-r
friends were endeavoring to create revolu
tion*, and the prowler end his party as unge
nerously retorted that Lord Aberdeen’s policy
was tho building up of despotisms. Flying
kings. and deposed ministers, many of them
did not scruple to imputu tho unsettled state
oi public affairs on tho continont to Palmer,
ston and tho -Liberals of England. The United
States camo in for a sharo of this reproach,
but it foil lightly upou thorn, sinco popular
freedom is their vocation.
Time wore busily on. Tho Emperor of
Austria twice fled Viouna; the barricados
of Paris wore drenched with tho blood
of a successful rabble; Austrian troops were
driven from Hilan ; tho King oi Bavaria mads
a forced abdication; Naples was threatened,
Siclly.sieged, and tho pious Pope oi Romo
found himself ono night iu disguise, flying
front his own Eternal City. At this period of
peril, Austria offered to give up Lombardy,
which Sardinia had invadod; tho King oi
Prussia abandoned his royal rcsidonco at Ber
lin i in short, all Europe Boomed about to bo
swept with tho flames of revolution. Every j
palace hatl a side monk for an inmale, in tho
last stage of trembling anxiety, and pouring out
tbo most importunate professions of roform.
Tho unreflecting recklessness of tho mobs oi
that day was not moro romarkablo than many a
caso of cowardice and folly in tho monarchs.
Tho old King of Bavaria, with his half-mad
mistress, Lola Montes, and Frederick William
of Prussia, seemed running a raco of ahsur
dity. The Prussian shontod for Gorman
unity, cringed to tho rabid radicalism of tho
universities—forgetting that ho was brothor
in-law to Russia, and cousin to Austria; hut
withal, exhibiting true kingly method in his
madness, in seeking meantime to rob Denmark
of a province. Scarcely preserving chronolo
gical propriety in our rapid sketching, we come
to note at last the Hungarian struggle, which
might possibly have been successful, if
Russia hod not intervened, and with tbo same
hand which struck down tho constitutional
liberties of the Magyar, swept aWay also the
political independence of Austria!
As wo now look coldly back upon tho con
vulsions of that period, we think we can de
tect the true causes of the failures which fol
lowed, and which sent thousands of the dis
ciples of freedom into Constrained exile, or
to hopeless dungeons. Hoartdeep republican
as we are, we are yet compelled to admit,
that the proclamation of a Republic irom the
barricades of Paris was both unsuitable and
unfortunate. All Europe, upon that move
ment, became frenzied with excitement, and
the most insane projects of government were
elsewhere undertaken amid all the horrors
of blood and rapine. Nothing, alter that
event, would satisfy tho publio craving, short
ef Jacobin Republicanism. In Hungary, the
Poles fought avowedly, not to win for that
country substantial and constitutional freedom,
but for a Ropuhlic, which thoy hoped in tho
due course of affairs, to secure in their own
parted and persecuted land. If merely
greatness in conception, without roforonco to
present possibility of execution, is to be con
sidered, then tho resolutions of tho Hungarian
Diet Of April 1849, might win universal ap
proval. But with tho most resolnto and
powerful autocrats in the world standing at
their very doors, we aro compolled to doubt
tho wisdom of those resolutions, in point of
timo, at least; and we think Louis Koßsuth
himself would now mako tho same admission.
Thoy furnished an adequate pretext to Russia,
for tho precipitation of her armies upon tho
plains of Hungary, and rendered tho further
'active mediation of England difficult and em
barrassing. It was those resolutions, which,
both in timo and form, and tho allusions to tho
French influonco at tho bottom, that gavo tho
onlypoiut it possessed to the arrogant missive
ou the subject of Dudloy Maun’s mission to
Hungary, which Chovalior Hiilsemau altor.
wards addressed to tho American Govom
mont—a documont most magnificently crushed
by Webster’s memorable and ponderous re
ply. England, in that crisis of aflhirs, could
no moro Dave formally received a Hungarian
Ambassador, as Kossuth desired, than could
the United States acknowledge Hungarian
independence, which wo wore asked to do,
and did not.
Count Uessolrodo’B Manifesto in bohalf of
Kussia, at that period, contained somo homo
truths. Ho cbargod that tho plans of tho load
ing revolutionists menaced Knssia also, and
were much greater than their success in arms
was likely to justify. It presented thoso load
ers as Booking, not merely a Hungarian strug
gle jfor constitutional rights, but a universal
conflict,. jn which the oppressed all overtire
earth wore to ontor, and work out a Bi'multa
-ndons deliverance; a groat, abstract scheme,
formed regardless of circumstances, and snro
ti rosult in failure and disappointment.
,I’ho British Premier, in 1819, wont almost’
«S far as did bur own Secretary, a iew months
. Ho ventured to express the. hope to
4-pstrla, aftor Russia had prostrated Hungary,
that the House of Hapsburg would make <««
generous use ” of a victory Which anethor
tPowcr had achieved for it; and oven specially
referred to “ the ancient constitutional rights
Of; Hungary.” We wondor whether Palmor
stbn and England, at this day, will vomembor
tfrb insulting, reply, and the absurd allusion in
terms to « unhappy Ireland,” then made by
prince Schwartzonborg 1 . Okovalier-Hulsoman
Was more forbearing thau tho Prince, or Web
ster migbt have boon troated to a homily on
our African relations, and territorial conflicts.
Wliero wo can, wo love to approve and ap-
Ijiaiid tho mother country; and especially, in
evory froirost effort sire may mako in behalf of
constitutional freedom and. tho rights, ofhu
■.majuity. As such, wc note hero with -plca-
Vsurojtbe proud: attitude" assumed '■by English •
diplomacy ln v tho East, Web hfathTtiift'ia, and
'Austria, in tho’poriod under review, demand
ed Polish and Hungarian refugees to be sur
rendered by tho Sultan of Turkey. Sir Strafo
thou if on laifrplsfor bfinselfjj;
and deep respect for his oonntry, in .his' rdso
lufoj support ot tho Bultan, whondre promptly
refused these insolent demands; And ■ tho
spectacle of a seml-barbarous prince, backed
by England, steadily detying two of tho most
powerful Christian empires, in an attempted
i breach of the laws of Christian nations, is one
for the brave and, generous ot all lands to re-
Jpicm. over and greet with applause. It was
well worthy of that Government, which, under
the lead of Qeorga Cnlrnipg, qt an earlier day,
had'defied the “unholy alliahco” of the fofir'
great Powers, on various occasions, where the
principles of justice and freedom were sought
tobq trampled rtndor foot.
. "Wo set out with an expression of foar that
the moro despotic sovereigns ofEuropo would
not yield to Italian liberty and Independence
wltlioat a struggle; and yet with the belief
that Louis Napoleon, and above all, England,
under, its present Ministry, would sustain
Count flavour Garibaldi iq any lair and
consistent effort in favor of Italian unity. Wo
have preferred to take the Emperor simply at
his .word; perhaps no review of his former
policy would aid us In our present confidence.
Bat in the case of Englan4, and especially as
represented by Lord Palmerston, tho com.
plaints of Kossuth and Mazzini having evolved
double in tjje past, It seemed useful to briery
review.that past, In order that wo may hope
fairly-jn the .present; we submit whether wo
have not thus vindicated our present confi
dence.
Tbore has boon no vory essential or marked
varifttiou.iri English continental policy for the
last thirty .yfiarsi.ibut we have beeqaccqs
'tomp&to'loQlf foEinore character and boldness
in the movements of the distinguished Bra
inier, to whom we have so frequently alluded,
than to any other prominent mind in England,
There is, however, another member of the
present British Ministry who is, in a manner,
committed to the cause of Italian ameliora
tion* . The earnest and intellectual Gladstone
lias already distinguished himself in this re
gard. In 1860 Mr. Gladstone left tho Honso
of Commons (where ho had rather sided with
tho King of Naples on the question of Sicily)
for a visit to Italy, While there, he beheld,
with' bis own ©yos, the hiatal tyranny which
that monarch exorcised over tho patriots of
thkt r osmappy~ -iie-ncmersocmno'iow-,-
reeking dungeons in which hundreds of them
wero imprisoned, and with his own hands
lifted the hpavy chains in which tlioy wero
.bound*' Ho did inoro: liko a goncrous and'
true; man, as ho is, ho immediately addressed
letter)} to Lord Aboidoen, thou holding tho
porifolloof foreign Asalta in England, asking
in behalf of tho sufferers. No
thing effectual was dono for some weary
months, when, at length, Mr. Gladstone sent
copies-of thoso lottors of burning eloquence
* to the proßs, and solemnly appealed to the bar
of public opinion against tho vilo tyranny of
tbo Neapolitan Government. In all tho bright
futuw that ia doubtless boforo that gifted
statesman, sure wo are tkore is no possiblo
achievement which, in Inn last hour, will yield
him;inoro consoling reflections than tho two
brief, but powerful, and in a degree success
ful, appeals which ho then wndo in hehaU of
tho poor tenants of Neapolitan dungeons.
Wo bavo thus, at least, two of tho leading
statesmen of England, pledged, au it wore, in
favor of a reasonable and onlightoned settle
ment of tho Italian question. Tho people of
England will sustain thorn. Thoro ia a high
moral sentiment implanted in tho British heart,
ior wiso purposes, against ovory spocics of
public oppression and wrong. Our own fore
fathers cherished this sentiment in their day
and generation, and brought it with them from
the raothor country. Wo still profess to pro
servo it amongst us; and now that wo aro
taking our placo among the most poworful na
tions of tho earth, why should wo not oxhibit,
in some proper governmental form, our synr
patby in tho cause of human rights and na
tional justice? Tho warning of Washington
against “ entangling alliances,” were words
of wisdom uttered to a foeblo, struggling, and
nowly-formod 'Republic, which had just
wrested itself from under tho sway of a stu
pid and obstinate sovereign, and a corrupt and
truckling Ministry. They are words of wis
dom evon now; but thoy should not isolate ns,
as a people, from all participation in tho great
movements of nations affecting the destinies
of mankind. Nor conld thoy liaro ever been
intended to imply that American statesmen
are absurdly and stoically to disregard those
sound international regulations, which, what
ever theorists may declare, are founded upon
tho accumulated experience of ages, and are
established especially to protect tho weak
against the tyranny and dictation of the strong.
There should bo holy alliancos far freedom
wherever thoro are unholy alliancos against
it. It is jnst as absurd to insist upon our en
tire isolation in thiß respect, as a nation, be
cause of Washington’s warning, as it would be,
on the other hand, to attempt to carry out li
terally the doctrine of Cicero, (in his proud
boast, cutis Jiomanus sum,) all over tho world,
and against tho jurisdietion of every foreign
Government.
Prince Schwartzonborg ia not tho only Aus
trian Foreign Secrotary who has undertaken
to robnke publicly tho statesmen of England,
and there can bo no doubt that the Hubspman
letter to our Government was an emanation di.
roct from the Austrian authorities at home.
Tho tono and temper of that document cor
respond very nearly with those exhibited by
Count Ficquolmont, in his elaborate publica
tion, entitled « lord Palmerston, I’jSitglderry,
et de Continent This gallant cavalier has
entered tho ring in most lordly stylo, as tho
champion of the throe great Continental
Powers, and most especially, as tho mortal
foo of England, and tho course of froo Go
vernments. Without any special reference to
his volumes, the spirit of this knight-errant of
dospDtism may bo well Inferred from a per
sonal incident. Happening to be in England
at tho time of tho Great Exhibition, ho was
most painfully affected on soehig Ledru
Rollin and Mazzini walking about cheerfully,
arm-in-arm, in tho galleries of tho Crystal
Palace. The unhappy Count Ficquolmont
never entered tho placo again. pretty
Templo of Poaco,”* ho said, << whore such
people aro tho worshippers.” In tho course
of his voluminous tirade against the English,
ho insists that political lifo with them is
nothing moro than perpetual intrigue ; and,
being habitually false at home, thoy aro uni
formly treacherous abroad. We attach no
Importance to his opinions—(although a pupil
of Motternick, and, boeidos boing an ex-
Sccretary, has recently bocu prominent in
Austrian Councils)—except as showing Aus-
trian hatred ol free Governments. How sin
cerely this hatred ia returned, Haynau in the
hands of the sturdy browmon of London wll
most significantly illustrate.
The plain truth is, that neither England nor
tho United States are ; objects of very grateful
contemplation to despotic sovereigns. The
very existence of powerful free Governments
is a practical; intervention with arbitrary rule.
Countries, thus enjoying peace, law, and
liberty- necessarily present painful contrasts
with othora distraoted by civil war, an<t
crushed beneath the iron hoo! of despotism.
Many things done by the old Congress of
Vienna wore uevor accepted by tho people of
England any, moro than by the people of tho
United States. Not ono single apologist Of
rospeotablo standing has ever boen found: in
cither, country; for the partition of Poland, or
tho appropriation of ■ several ol' the Italian
States by Austria. Both measures havo boeii
fruitful iu discontont, [anarchy, and revolts!
'The dark deeds of that old Congress arc.now.
vislag,up .in judgment. Victor Emmanuel Is
to be the first vindicator of historic justico ;
Kossuth, schooled by tho past, is still prn
doutly.waiting and watching tho,sure tido oi
ovonts; an’d' may, '.in 'all human probability,
bo the next, TW hour of reunited Poland
also'approaches.'' Wc htifii faith in the pollc 1/
of Knjfiiiiut ffifinr!. Vic.C'aH'/iijatt.
As the wearied condo,;lei}' !$. allotted
task; ‘ ttlO ‘ miniT wings its way,
back" pom to scones and Vpci
4eiitk' Ht homo,- a'chilling revulsion of thought
fells upon us. Wo havo.boen hoping, and
reasoning, and pleading' in: tho - cause of hu
manity, and tor a-,union of; the States of Italy,
as demanded alike by ethnological and geo
graphical affinities,;by the dictates of. justico,
and tho memories of a -common glory in tho
past. Yet hebe, in our own blessed and
beantiinl land—with no selilsh despot, no
King Bomba, or offshoot of the House of
Hapabnrg to interpose their musty claims of
hereditary, right to rule over ns—wb are
ipadly talking of :a‘ disruption of tho fairest
fabric of government tho worl4 over saw; and,
perhaps, making ready to realize ourselves,
all, and —jt iqay be —worst) than the poor,
down-trodden people of Italy are straggling to
escape from! Small, separated, and feeble
States; without even a recognized flag upon
the nearest ocean; ruinous expenses of go
vernment, and taxes without mercy; standing
armies, and never-ending Internecine strife!
Away with this stalking, ghastly shadow of
Disunion 1 There ft no wrong thatcannot and
will not ultimately be righted, by a generous
people, within the pale of tho Constitution.
Lot the public press everywhere brand deeply
the would-be political parricides' who are
plucking at the hopes, and honor, an 4 glory oj
their country, apfl selfishly seeking its di
vision I W.
Towahda, Pa.
* This was what Lord Falmorston had characterized
;in the opomnr speech.
The Action of the Banks.
[For The Freer.]
It Is admitted on all sides that the feverish ox
oiteifloot about money matters, so far confined to
the largo cities, is nothing moro than a “panio”—
an alarm without any sufficient foundation.
Money never was more plenty, prodnoa more
abundant, foreign balances lighter, and the whole
country in a moro prosperous condition than now.
Thero is, therefore, no other foundation for this
alarm than the efforts of stock gamblers and dis
appointed demagogues, aided by venal newspapers,
to produce it.
Under these direnmstanocs, it was tho duty of
the banks, exerciaiog, as they do, a oontroliing
influence over the minds, of the masses of the peo
ple, to so not ns to oalm and allay this unfounded
panic, and not, by any means, to do anything ta
increase It, Will the suspension of specie pay.
mentn have this effeot?, I think not. -It, will
.... . r 1...... . r.. .......... „v,a
through the, interior the whole community will
rook with pamo and approhonfiion. It is said that
banks will now be able to expand, and this will
allay tho alarm among their customers.' And so,
to quiet a fow bank dependants, the whole com
munity must ho convulsed; to extend accommoda
tions to a fewrlokoty merchants, the possibility of
making, eoLlcotiori* all over tbo country must be
destroyed, for so collections can be made from
people laboring under a panic. Before the sus
pension no alarm or uneasiness was felt in tho
country. Every ono was both able and willing to
pay all his indebtedness. Now, all will-hold on to
what tlieyhavo as long as possible, net knowing
what may come next.
But will banks bo able to expand ? The laws of
Pennsylvania will ohiigo them to resumo opeoio
payments within thirty days or forfeit their
charters. They oertainly oannot expand under
thoso olroumstanoea; nor need they hope tho Le
gislature will legalise their suspension. Repub
lican members are too well awoxo of the objects of
this panic to lend themselves to it, nor will Demo
cratic members stultify themselves to support it.
To my mind it is evident that our banks are tor
ribly mismanaged. They are either flo conducted
that & suspension of specie payments in any obscure
country village will compel them to follow suit, or
are made subservient to the political views of men
who will reoklessly and traitorously sacrifice the
Interests of tho whole community for tho sake of
verifying thoir own extravagant and unfounded
politiool predictions. In eithor case it is time tho
country was rid of them. Their coarse is changing
tho opinion of thousands who battlod with the De
mocratic party in their favor, among whom may bo
Inoluded the writer of this oommunioation. The
time has come when a tariff, whioh will keep down
our importations to amount of our exports without
including speoio, will render banks of issuo or oir*
oulation worse than useless, as we will then havo
an abundant specie circulation from mines of
California, Pike’s Peak, <fco. Banks may then be
confined to making discounts and receiving de
posits, and we will have no snoh thing as a suspen
sion of speoie payments.
Ah Old tVnio Merchant.
Our Position*
;From the Mobile Rogistor of November IS.]
No. man who has intelligently reflected on the
political condition of the country, especially as
developed in the Presidential canvass just dosed,
can resist tho conclusion that the incompatibility
of interests and views between the slaveholdiag
and the non-Blaveholding States, or. to adopt the
phrase of the master-spirit of Abolitionism, the
•* irrepressible conflict, has at last oome to a
orlsis which leaves bnt little, if any, hope to
those .who looked upon this Federal Union as tho
master piece of human wisdom in tho science of
government. Patriotic men have labored sedu
lously and anxiously to devise some expedient by
whioh a common government could still be mado
to work equitably for both sections; they have
imagined that tho principal subject of difference
might be removed from the National Legislature
ana Administration, wholly and forever, and tho
aotfon of both strictly confined to matters on
which the differences were net vital and irreme
diable—the result of.the last Presidential elec
tion bos demonstrated their error. Both tho
North and the South have cast an overwhelming
vote for their respective seotiooal candidates, and
the contest thus being purely sectional, the
North 00 numerically the stronger seotion has
gained the victory. The election of a President,
of any party, Is in itself a matter of bnt tempo
rary importance, and affords, as we have often
said, no valid ground for the dissolution of tho
Government; bnt tho faot onco dearly established
that henceforth and forever the North and the
South would be arrayed as hostile Motions in a
contest whioh could end only by the subjugation of
tho ono or the other, and in whioh the woakor
would rapidly become still weaker and the stronger
gain strength—this fact onoo oloarly established,
os It has been by tho last Presidential election,
proyes that the Union between these two sections
has praotioally ceased to exist, and that its mere
forms are bnt as the chain binding together
deadly enemios sharing a common doom. ”We
should exhaust the last efforts at conciliation,”
those who have been taught to mako reverence
for this Union almost a religion will tell us.
True, and so we should. National dignity and
regard to the opinions of mankind demand
that the people ot the South should do bo while
and before they take their station among the
nations of the earth; but wo should lack in candor
to our readers were wo to express any other con
viotion than that these efforts will be fruitless,
lionocforth, thou, the conservative feeling of peaoe
loving men must be directed less to the preserva
tion of the Union, than to the warding off the
shock attondant upon its dissolution—to build up
a new house while tho old one is being pulled
down, so that wo may not bo shelterless even for a
brief space of time; or to use the same simile,to
so pull down the house as not to be buried in its
ruins. There aro two ways in which wo may pro
ceed, and botweon them wo honoatly believe lies
the only choice. One, a mere hurrah movement,
in which all tho evils of revolution will bo Jet
loose, and tho demons of anarchy will riot at will;
in which frenzied appeals will take the placo of
reason, demagogues usurp the seats of statesman
ship, and eeoret leagues supersede constituted
authority. The political fruits of such a revolution
can be but fragmentary and incessantly ohanging
combinations, amid whioh wo should exhibit to
the world the sad spectacle of tho South Ameri
can republics; its bearings upon individual and
public prosperity need not be pointed out. The
other way is to imitate tho course of our forefathers,
and proceed calmly, deliberately, coolly, yet with
a fixed object ever sternly in view, laying one stone
for every ono pulled down, so that wo have at least
a firm foundation laid for a now edifice ere tho old
ono is rased to the ground. By snob a oouree, the
worst ovila attending so important achange will be
essentially lessened, perhaps wholly removed, and
tho transition effected without vital injury to any
of our important interests. 'Whether it shall he
T>VO GENTS.
the one or the other, depends.'os the conservative
men of the country* Other oholoe, werepeat,< they
have none.' Inaction, or. a stubborn refusal to re
cognize the duties of tho present, and&btibd de
votion to a past which 'has ceased to be more than;
a hiptorioal idea,- willinevitabfy give tho control of
the movement to .those least able to make it end in
good 5 .' •
in*thelangusge of Governor Moore, : in hia ad-;
mirablo lotter ,on this subjeot, the Convention,
aoting under such solemn responsibilities, is'noi
the either tho timid or "the* ntihJ”
be composed of men of, wisdom and
experience—mop who have.the.'oapaclty.to de
termine what the honor of the State and the
security of her pooplordemand; and patriotism
anjdr pioral opursge suffioient'to oarxy out their
honest ‘judgments.” To avoid'eithor timidity or
rashness'iff tho stops whioh we take Asan-inde
pondeht;and.sovereign people, every trap;South-,
erfim&n should-use hi* private, and publio irifiu-.
enjjo.". Co-operation 1 with thb other slavettolding
States, a t least the Cotton States, iB a vital; neces
sity, ,j)qt to* insist on such a co-operation na a;
ai/ic qiia nohin unionism under a thin disguise,'
every State making such co-operation :
tho condition of its own action, ho decisive atop
ooim.be* tqken.by any of r them.. On,the othpr
hapd, u is equally necessary to avoid, rash* and,
precipitate-’{fttfon, and, therefore,'white the. Slate
should assume & decisive and deifttriiriridfattit&de,.
so a step, aa isolated separatiozL|rom.tbe
Union should not bo Jfcaken" wnh all 1 the
.qaeneed it may iilvolfei-without a dirabttatefisai
f Pf igeopjewWßtye to
tbsSeslre toavora «tner
danger, InkmffefehticHohoa tb#ope hand«d*hb^ r
fa^oLprec^pkfilk!n^bulAr^^»r,iwi^have,- ; affii}*
as party opponents;
‘iog? promlHent suppohers of‘fifr.EredktoVfdge,' de
termined fo offer to the people of Mobile," tnedbi
. lowing propositions, embodying tjie,views not only,
mose who acted withus “in the list Pretfdemial
contest, bait of intelligent arid ‘patriotic men of all
partle*, and formihg •» tbaiie for a course of. action
in whioh all true lovers of. their country, irrespec
tive of parties, may be able to' cordially participate.
First,'that in our-dpkiion the people df-the State
of Alabama,-in Convention, assembled, should de
clare, and make, known that the,powers granted
under the Federal "Constitution,- being derived
from• the pesopleiof; the United States, shall be,rd-
Bonied by them, the same, having.been perverted
to our injury and oppression. And that Alabama
shall declare herself a free and independent Stale,
discharged of all oonneotion with: the Federal Go
verpipent of these United States. ■ r -
beoand, that the people so in after'
suoh declaration, shall make every effort to pro
cure a union of Southern States, and to'maJce such
arrangements with the neighboring, and other
States as may secure .to us our just share of the ter
ritory and property of the Federal Government:
and with foreign nations, for the acknowledgment
and 1 recognition of our indepondenoe by the nations
of the earth.
Third, That is the event that the people of the
State of Alabama, in Convention assembled, de
termine to withdraw, in co-operation with other
Southern States, that then the action of the Con
vention shall be final. But if the Convention
should determine to. withdraw separately, and
Without co-operation with the other' Southern
States, that such action shall be referred to a vote
of the people' at the ballot-box.
A Democratic Appeal from the Free
States*
Philadelphia, Nov. 14,1860.
My Dear Sir : The accounts that reach me from
the South fill me with apprehension. The State of
South Carolina is rashly urging precipitate action
apo£ aa event which mast prove the most momen
tous: in modern history—the destruction of this
freqt Confederacy; ani Alabama, alio, will soon
eoblled upon to dcoide her course.' . . 7
! Contention, like a hone
:Fullpf hJtfifeedrar.madlrhatfrbrokeJoose, 7
)Apd bears down airbeipre him.
Tie Southern people are’augered 'at the result
of the Ute election, batrl do not think IfcCy fairly
understand the causes which prodcoedj it. My
residence from boyhood In Alabama, anti my pre*.
sent'oermectlon .both by-interest arid sympathy
with her fortunes, induces me to write yon this
lotter, to state the oauses which elected- Mr. Lin
coln: My position as a member of the State Ex
ecutive Committee of Pennsylvania during the xe*
cent campaign enables me to write advisedly and
positively.
Yriu are well aware that the decisive battle of
this pan rasa was the gubernatorial election in this
State.. Tho attention of all; parties, wee directed
to that event, and when we lost that election it was
conceded that tbo campaign was derided. I will
nowjdetoil the causes which led to. the defeat of
our Candidate. ' I '' -
Firstly. Wo went into the canvase disorganized
anfltdemotalised, owing to.the two .nominations
made at Baltimore. The State Central Committee
9ndeav'or*d to produce harmony rind : unanimity o£
action by two distinct propositions, but' neither of
them was* successful,, and both were ultimately
-We sonld neither get at nor get out our yqsejs, In
this city, the* City Executive Committee, was hos
tile lo‘the State Executive Co&>tait£oe7 We were
divided into half jfdozen different organizations,
each moving independently—and instead, of ad
vancing oar success, actually frustrated it. • ,
Secondly. Whilst thin was our demoralized coff-' 1
ditioa. our opponents wbfe.thcreughfy organiied,
with’ [abundant means. The. tariff question was
them against us, anti bri thls issne we lost
not lews than twenty thousand votes. Pennsylva
nia, ydthhor immense coal anti iron intents, is,
of ooureo, strongly wedded«jo protection upon
iron ( ; and although her attachment to Democratic
doctrines has generally enabled us to carry the
State against this well-defined feeling, upon this
occasion wo could not overoome the powerful in
fluence exerted in some sections which had for
years ol&mored for specific duties.
Thirdly. Tho AdminiUiration,of Mr. Buchanan
was very unpopular. It is not necessary to enter
Into 2 tbo merits of this unpopularity, but nnfor
tua&tdylhe President had alienated many of our
most influential men, whoso opposition was keenly
felt by us throughout the canvass.
Fourthly. In this State cur opponents did not
call jthemselves Republicans. .They were organ
ized! aa the “People’s Party.” They did not
brink into tho oampaign the principles of. the
Ohlosgo platform. On the morning of the election,
their organ announced that they disclaimed the
election of Mr. Lincoln as any verdict in f&ver of
the principles of the Republican party or of hostili
ty to Southern institutions.
Fifthly. A great many people were disposed to
make a ohango of administration without oaring to
examine the principles or the consequences in
volved. This feeling always exists. Mr. Buchan
an’s oleotiou was tho first break in this course of
things sinoe General Jackson’s time, and nothing
could probably have averted this result.
Ydu will, therefore, perceive that our defeat xn
October, whioh virtually decided tho fate of the
November election, was no triumph of Republican
principles. Ourtin reoelved a majority of thirty
thousand, of whioh at least twenty-five thousand
voted for him under some of the above enumerated
Influences, and if they had not thus been infiuenoed,
wo should have given Foster (our candidate)
twenty thousand majority. Is it pot dear, then,
thaUbe final result at whioh the South now pro
poses to break up this Government, has been
caused by casual circumstances, anti our bad man
agement, and that it is wrong to construe it into
an expression of hostility to the South? There is
no doubt that the majority of the people of this
State, and of New Jersey, clearly incline to sus
tain the South. Is it right, then, to bring npon the
oountry tho terrible calamities whioh will follow
disunion, because the Demooratio party unwisely
destroyed its own influence?
Ttie people of tho South should not aot rashly in
this perilous crisis. They should not allow “head
strong passion to get the reins of reason.” No
man- oan appreciate the evils that will follow the
dissolution of the Union. It is equally terrible to
the people of both sections—it is equally ruinous to
both. >7lll they destroy themwlves without ade
quate oause? Ought they not to be well assured of
•the neoessity that drives them to this last sad al
ternative? Ought it sot to be the very last resort,
when all means have failed to perpetuate our
Government? Let them remember the words of
the Declaration of Independence. “ Prudence
indeed will diotate that governments long estab
lished should not be ohanged for light and tran
sient causes.”
Mr. Lincoln has been eleoted -President by a
majority of the people of the United States,
through tho division of his opponents, but in a
clearly constitutional manner. And the same
people who have thus eleoted him President havo
left him poworless, by refusing him the means of
enacting a single law. Is there ,any peril to the
South in this ? Is there anything aggressive in it?
And here we have at the North a million and a
half of voters, sympathising and voting with the
South, and, if necessary, ready to fight for the
South If she arms hersoir in the cause of Right and
J nation. But lot her be assured that her “ quatrel
is jnst.” Let her make no issue upon whkm a ma
jority of her own people will be against her. And
if the South will be patient this million and a half
of her friends wiU fight her battle here, at the bal
lot-boxes, and will sweep away forever the fanati
cism and folly which has found a temporary footing
with us.
I sincerely pray and hope that calmness and de
liberation will characterize the movement of the
Southern people in this momentous emergenoy.
Let them discard all passion and ©xoitemom when
they axo considering tho oironmstahoes of their
position. And should they be oalled upon to make
some sacrifice of personal pride, in retreating from
an attitude rashly tak«u, far bettor to do that than
orush the most glorious fabric over erected to hu
man liberty.
t. One <ltov of blood drawn from th* country a .bosom •
Mioatd grieve thee more than streams ot Foreign sord;
b oiurn than, therefore, with & fl >od of tears.
And wash away thy country’s stained spots.’’
If this brief and plain letter shall be of any use
In moderating tho present excited condition of
Southern sentiment, 1 shall oonsldor “ that the
service which even the weak and poor can offer
have their own season.” '
I am, vory truly, your friend,
D. Salomon.
Hon John Forsyth, Mobile.
Tub Heir to the Throne of Italy.—
Prince Humbert, a youth, now in his 17fch year—a
bold and elegant rider, a first-rate marksman with
the rifle, exhibiting skill and enduranoo In all
manly exorcises, endowed with a fair open oonnto
nance, in whioh the' soldierlike honest mien of the
father is blended with the dclioajc features and
sweet expression of the mother, distinguished by
affable manners and graoeful address—wins golden
opinions with tho multitudes as he goes along the
thronged strocts, bowing when bowed to, mounted
on his light-gray Arab. Tho seed whioh his father
and grandfather Bowed in Borrow and. in bloed.
will have grown up into a full and glorious harvest
by the time this fortunate youth succeeds to the
throno. That throne to which bo many of his raw
afloired in the scoret of their hearts, almost ever
Biuoo the days of the First Humbert, will fall to
the lot of this Fourth Humbert by a series of pros
perous vicissitudes, than which nothing mere mar
vellous was ever woven in themysteriotas web of
providence. The fulness of the times Is almost at
hand, yet tho final issue Still trembles In the soale
of,fate.— Letter from' Turin. '■
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THxWrducMPuifß, . •
CALIFORNIA PR£SS*
Issued three time* a Month* in time for the CaUfercia
Steamers,, T
Extiaci, firom t'be Speech oft Hons Bobt.
f?™'™, 11 Khett, before the People
Vnanes to n, on tlie X2th of November.
SnS?h h.3 on^ est . b ? twc «i> the North, ud 4he
elooHrt'n WltnBe3 " 3 hi-thePiMidwUil
!f h tho . nnmerioal power in both
brOnohes of Congrera, it waa onft neoeMairTto
J 1 ? 8 * 6 '?. that' the Northem pooplo
t^- oir Tl| ey have
become united, in this election, on the nrirmlnißAf
hostility to African slavery in the*
principle, purely- sectional, they have*'rtaoted ! S
Southern our of th« i fcoaea'ef
Kentuoky into Illlnojs-rarid a Northern
to ibe President and Vice Prtsideat of tbe United
states. A naked sectional despotism is organised
over the South—as hating as it Is
the fury of fanaticism, and all the'lust of ai'ariee
and ambition, to.dltaot its power. ' .
Fellow-citizens, I have gone through -Ml tMs
detail of the various sectional issues,,whisk have ■
ansou between the North and tbe South, that you
might understand your true position, and weigh
well 'your future destiny. -After twenty-'seven
years or steady and unscrupulous effort 'to trhtiifn
.tho rule- oyer you, will the r North surrender it
whsn acquired? After..the, characteristics the-
Northern people have developed; in all their sec
faodakeontMts * with you,' what hope can you have
OT safety: undertrißir?domination-? '
Beifiginei*,
iithfrirrfn
jmjpdenre, dinptereetedness. and a devotion to
«hlon nithfftf-
people in jtfc* worlds
conception of theprind-
P}9* of^freb^vercnient./Their idea of Arieh.a
government • iff, that' a majority* shall rule ■ a al
nority;. If Seven then- formed s government, foex
has; the absolute power over the three. Of theft
wise and .delicate restrictions- against absolute
.power, whether in one man. or in many, by’which
tbe rights and liberties of all are secured,they know
n . othiD fr No regard, thewtoiw,
to me'great principles of free government will
restrain the exercise of their brute power for vour
or have the J for you any. of that*
respect, which is so near akin to fear. Ton have
submitted so continually arid habitually to »h#r
-aggraMiona and that.they despise you, *
TEey.believe that have oaJ, to order, airfjwi
-I}, - . y ',' They iave onto to threaten, and von
will TObmlt., Yoa are a blustering, weak. timid
people—d«moraliEe(i : and paraljied bv yonr insti
tations, )oit at to serve.orto; be-tortured nr do-
,And;thejr igooranoe of, the operations,
of.-the, Union in phoir behalf, is as great as >M
agmtranotf of yoar oharaoteristios. Their ranid
advanoamentin wealth,’ prosperity, and power, tfiS
attribnte to their superior intelligence, oivitiiation,
and- worth. , The countless millions .they have
murg.out of the South, by the operations of the
tariff—the vast expenditures.of the Qoveramest
in their cities—tho million* more they oan out
of .ns, t by carrying our cotton to all parts of tiie
world—the mighty basis of their navigation, and of
their commercial exchanges—their merchants .and
manufacturers may understand,.bat tbe people are.
.utterly ignorant of these great causes of tnelr pros*
penty. They say, as the rich man in the Soriplures,
My arm hasgotten me-this wealth.” Swollen with
insolence, and steeped In ignorance, selflshneae,
and fanaticism, they will nover understand their
dependence on the South until the,Union is dis
solved, and they are left naked to their own re
sonroes. Then, and net till then, they will be able
to appreciate the long’ forbearance and ondnranee
of the South. Then, and not till- then, they will
realise what a bleseing the Almighty conferred
npon them, when he placed them in muon with the
South; and they will onrsei fit tha bittemeasof
penitence and suffering, the dark day on which
they oompoy od ns to d issolve it with them.’ Upon ■
a dissolution Qf tho Union, their whole system of
commercoand msnnfao tores will be paraljied or
overthrown—their banks will suspend st»oie pay
menfs—their stooks and real estate willfallinpriee
—and. confusion' and ,distress will-pervade-the
S 0 ! 1 r'Bread processions will walk the street! of
heir cities, and gannthnnger will look terror into
their palaoes. In this state of things, those who
have; brought upon the people of the Worth these
calamities will be oalled to a dire account. Theentl-
Slavery party will ba overthrown.-. A- Union party 1
will ;arise on their 'destruction; and will ba im
portuned fo reconstruct a Union with them, upon
oar own terms. They will appeal to "our glorious
Union!” "Did not our fathers light together tor
liberty ? Was not our- Union cemented with tbelr
saerSd blood? Come, now, be reasonable. Dot ns
befriends. Wo have treated yon very badly; bnt'V
yon see we are very sorry tor it. We called .yen '
very: hard names; hut we taka ; all thst bnck.
Come to our fraternal embraces; oh r come What
do yoa want?- There, now—stick it in the Gonadta
tion.BarrahforßankerHUi!” I suppose yoawUi
-hava to make your heart* .adamant, to milt Mtok
affcotionatc appeals. Her' may - they lack
porters. In-thoir 'ehtrtaties Item -the froatiw
Southern States. If no force Mil to ooeno Mi* :
Intcodooed aad passod. by C<mgzuK. tkov vrilt «e*
the frontier Southern States aa their ira«t
all their valgar.tnreats and brutal boasts of pom ?
Shall all their mighty heroes — Hickman, and But*
Kagame, and Webb, asd Seun&er, and Douglas, aud
the great Lincoln himself—(the second Jackaon,
greater than tho- first)—shall all these cower into
nothingness and submission before tha ceoettlouoC
South Carolina ? One of their organs has declared
thatlsho should be bought out
that she ought Jo bo tehipped in by the'
polios of Neir York. Another, that like a spoiled ,
ohlld she should>be spanked into submiriiioff! -It
ell this contempt and bulging to ba nothing but
fo&l Mr? By ail means, let us have a force blliky
Congress to coeroe South Carolina to remain in the
Union. Virginia and the other Southern Statea
must meet it. They will oppose it. Don’t be
frightened and run away. Be brave and pass it
over them. Like all yonr other insolent stupid!*
ties, defy their determinations, and force tit sir
members to leave Congress and go home to their
constituents. -Then will a Southern Confederacy be
speedily, formod of all the Southern States, like tha
rush of .many waters into one great and htsjettie
river.
Fellow-citizens,' tho dissolution of the Union
will by no means bo the completion'of enr deli
verance. There will be great difficulty in limiting
the members of our Southern Confederacy.' Many
of the free States will desire to join as. Bat thtM
are three things which, as a humble oitiien of the
South, I would suggest oaght sternly to be insisted
on, in shaping its future destinies:
First: The Southern Confederacy.ought to be a
slaveholding Confederacy. It is wo experiment
that free governments should exist in suvehold
ing oountrics. The Republicsof ilomeandGreece
—still the light and glory of acolent times—were
built on domestio slavery. But it is an experi
ment to maintain free government with unlTerta]
suffrage, and the wholo population to control tbe
government. Population increases faster titan
capital, and no prosperity oan long stave off the
dire conflict whioh must arise between want and
affluence, _ population and capital. When the
great majority of the population have no pro• ■
perty t whioh is the oase with every nation in Eu
rope, what shall protect property under the con
trol of this majorify, from partition or 'confisca
tion ? What zs liberty worth with starvation;
and what is properly worth with confiscation?
Our Confederacy must be a slavebolding Confede
racy. We have had enough of a Confederacy with
dissimilar institutions.
The next point we should insist on la that the
power of taxation should be limited. We know
how this power has been abused by the pretest
Confederacy. The North has wielded, it for their
enrichment and aggrandizement, at the expense of
the Soath. Tho taxes should be just; - and to be
just, no man should fbe made to pay tribute to an
other, or to be taxed for the benefit of another. No
monopolies should exist; but all should be left to
employ their industry in their own ;way, saving
where tho exigencies of the Government require
revenue or restriction.
And the third condition whioh South' Carolina
should require is, that tho foits and fortresses in.
our bay should never again be surrendered to any'
power on earth. We h»ve seen the Cannon placid
in them for our defence turned against us for our
subjugation. When our flag again floats over them,
let it remain there, until our existence is blotted
out as a free people. . '
With guarantees such as these, what shall pre
vent the people ofthe South from being a great
and ,fcee people? Wi’h the bitter experience we
have had we can frame a Constitution the best for
securing justice and liberty the world has ever
seen. With such a Constitution and our institu
tions, we con establish & Confederacy, which shall
endure for ages; and our Confederacy will be as ■
powerful os it will be great. AU.nations want our
agricultural productions, and all nations wilt ten
der the friendships their necessities require.
We will expand, ss* our growth and civilization
shall demand—over Mexico—over the isles of the
sea—over the far-off Southern tropica—until we
shall establish a groat Confederation of Republios
—.the greatest, freest, and most useful the world
has ever seen, 4
My friends, the Union is dissolved. It has long
sicce been dissolved, in sympathy and spirit. It
s now about to be dissolved, iu form and faot. A
lew more weeks—a. few more by tho fiat
of south Carolina, it will be amongst-the wreoks
of past things, which, designed for noblo ends,
man’s folly and wickedness have destroyed.
Would that the fingers of a man’s hand could
come forth, and write upon the plaster of the wall
of the feative halls and pal&oea of the North those
words of terror—“ Nine, mens, teJcsl , upharsih ”
—thou art weighed in the balance, and art found
wanting”— 1 “ God has numbered thy kinedom, and
finished it”—the U&ton is dissolved! Would that
the dread news of its dissolution could burst like
a dap Of thunder over every homestead and ham
let in New England—tho Union is dissolved!
Would that £ could speak, net ia the voice of .the
earthquake, but could whisper in the startled ear
of the oppressor and fanstlo, in the still small
voloe of conscience—tho Union is dissolved l The
Union is dissolved, and henceforth there is deliver
ance and peaoo and liberty fop the South. We
leave it, not in a time of public danger and trouble,
but in a time of established security; not in a time
of war, with enemy thundering on our coasts,
but in a time of profound peaco with nil the world.’
Wo leave it victorious in three wars, led on by
Southorn generals; and with a vast domain of
territory, stretching from sea to sea, greater than
oil civilized Europe contains—the glorious fruits of
Southern statesmanship. We leave it at our fore
fathers left their union with Great Britain, after a
patience of endurance, which they would hava
soor&ed; and armed like them, with the mighty
consciousness of right, more powerful than ami**
with banners. The long, weary .night of humilia
tion, oppression, and danger Is passing away, and
the glorious dawn of a Southern Oonfedmcy
breaks upon our view. With the blessings of,Goa,
we wiU soon be a great people—happy, prosperous,
and free.
An Elopement and its Deneodhent. —The
Gloucester (Mass ) Telegraph gives the particu
lars of an elopement of a man named Littlefield,
living in Aoton, with the wife of George Sargent,
of that town, who tends in one of the stalls in-.
Qainoy market. .'The woman took three of her'
children end went to Gloucester, under prtteMe,on
leaving home, of going to New Yoik.\ The gull t£,
parties were at length confronted, LittUfleld.ar*
retted, the faults of the woman forgiTen,'asdtfct'
family returned to Acton.