*‘TJO v
d, n '
I.dP'xrtohtxa,)
'BY ifOIWi f FORNEY ;
• i ;';ifir»WEr|*«f "*i\ f «aif*St!T ♦ (Tki&’Ei ■:
-™ r v Bjtm-i-yn-jjgg,
tviLTi Oixv*;h» .Wiik. payable to the Barriers/
v-/StaiWfi tottfeuxßw**iraVtf the Qttyiet SixUoinißs'
sffjkJtaray; fpp*XK>t.i.AM yqb fiQH*s»onTOs; T»ae«>
BoLnaatoaSir Kostsa, intatiAMyinwlvance for the 1
tfceqrdcrtd
Wr?WfKKiy TRESS,
1 Mailed to fiubeerlbers pat of. the Oify; at Thru Dol- 1
t\ , aas rsa.Anson, la advance, r
g• • f$ f.< i iiifti«i air* ** e* *. -s• u • f
I •StoWMKI.TeMMasWUI be eenfc toßtthscribere, -by
I advance;) at,..,.. ‘ S 3 oo
ra THr*oonlesi' :* r ; '- « • • - 4 a no*
& Ten Copies^. : : U L ,/ QOt
I , “ MOO
U ci -j®s • Glob OfTwenty-one or oter‘, we. will send u»
g the.CHib. , j
I ' Tai^«rttTiPa«fa“ 6 requested, to Mt M.Agente tot
1 inHOrGE -FXKM ’LANDS TOR-SALE^
I S/TKB UIiNOISOENTRAI, RAU.BOAD OOMPAN?
i< r.-S oow prepared to sell about 1,500.900 acres of choice
5 finding lands, in tracts of'4o acres and upwards, o 4
at low ratoi ofinterest. 1 - f ' l
£ These lands were granted by the Government to aid
£ _in the construction of this Boad; and, are • among, tht
$ ~ richest‘aad'mOirt'fejrtUe i in the world: They'extend
y * fromNorth-BArt and" North-West, througk the middle
{£ of the Btate>,to^the i extreme South, and indudeieverV
8 Variety df. r bffikte;and productions found between thosb
I- * parallels lit Hade. ? The Northern portion Is chiefly
p prairie, Interspersed With flue groves, and incite brtddlp
I
% ■ - VIM Qtmfr.ii. more health,, ioUd aai ethahle. thu
, uyylther put of the country—the air la pure and bral
cinjr,,whjle. living itraama and apringe of excellent
S Vwatetbhohnd. ,
-.-.'BitumlnoiwCoalto extensively mined/ and enppliee 4
I' -. cheap ■ and ■ desirable fuel, being furnished at many
| . polnta at *2 to »t per ton—and wood can be had at the
| - aame rate.per cord. .... .., a >.r > ;
| ~. Bulldtng.Stone. of. excellent, qruHty aim aboundr,
I which can M Motnred for IHtlembre than theexpense
jj bf-traniportauon.' " . /. > r »^
■A ‘ ■ The great fertility of thesetands, Which are * black
v ' • H4h mould, from two to fire feet deepl snd gently roll.
> f Ing; their contiguity to thitfroadj by Which every feci;
• Ufy is furnished j for tcsvel and.trsnshbrt&ticn to the
•'4 principal'markets North, South. East.'West, add,the
I economy with which they can be. cultivated, render
; - them'the moet Valuable Investment that dur
i • and present themost favorable opportunity for-l»eruona
k of industrloui hahlte and sinsll means to acquire a ooiih
k >' fortable indepeudence in a few years:»"*' ' •'
i - . Chicago it now the greatest grain, market id the world;
§ . and tlieTacility anl economy with which.the' products
1 of these lands can he transported to that market, make
\, '’them much moiw'prdStabie,at 1 theprleelasked,than
I - those .more .remote at as the.addl
| - tional Cost of transportation Is a perpetual tax on.the
S - ■ latter j which mustbe bbrad by the producer; itfthe re-
C - r daced price he:rcc«iTes for.bis gralnyike;: f --' ,
>j title Isnerfect—and when the final payments are r
:' ' ,^3ftfW*ildrt<!.rir r executed by «ie; trustees appointed by
r itiegtate, andrftrwhointhe tiUela vested.b the pur
3 . - chasers,whichco&vmrtotUem'absol&tetiUeslufeesim-
,ple, freeand,clearpr^wery,incumbrance, ; Hen or mort
i-’ ' > prices are from $0 to $3O: interest only 3 per ct.
■jl Twenty per.ct. yttl be deducted from the price for cash,
f: Those who purchase on long,credit,givenotes payable'
' - in two, three, four, five and sixyears afterdate, and are
sU requiredto improve one-tenthannusUy'far five years.
so as to.have one-half the iand '.nnder cultivation at the
«;s '' end of that time.•” * - '<"'*■
Sj -. . Competent surveyors will accompany, those whowUh
U ,to examine these Lands, free of charge, and aid them in
fg ' 1 making selectionsV " -
,l< The Land* remaining unsold, are <as rich and Ivaluablo
h aa those which.have been disposed of. -..- c
fl 4 ' • " *, BKOTIONAL MAPS '
U, Will W sent to any'-one who will enclose fifty eents in
tv* . postage stampsf and books or pamphlets containing nu
r merbus instances of sncoessfnl farming, signed, by re
5l spectabWand well known farmers 1 living in the nefgh
-4 ; w>rhobd of tho-Bailroad Lands,' throughout the State*-
fe J..also the oo*tj>f.foncLDg, price of cattle, .expense ofhar-.
§ ' Wilt be chbeffhllvgiven on application, either personally
,;or by. letter, in English, Preneh, or Oerman, addressed
§ to :' " lOHK^nfeON.'
4 /.and Oommiiaionar of the Illinois Central B. B. Uo,
(; ■ : Office in lUiboie Geutrel Eeilrovi.Depot, ChlMgo, U
-6 '.Knob- »al'
YVEANSTE AMEKS FOKSALE.—FOS
->SJ.LBAM&ths'w«U known Bte»m»hil«:WAffinNO
TON heretofore employed la the United
State* York, goutMusptoh and
~ -
*hlM;*ew-tallt.trith great care, of the be«l
materUlit in ererT department, under the Inspection of
an officer In thS States NaVy. : They are about
«S,«00 ton* burthen, tin-dimension. of the WASHING
TON' beltiff 3tt> teet lftokth. 39 feet beam, and 81 feet
depth of and pr tge HJEUIANN 280, <O, and 31
•'' -Eieh' s: tei»«(l'l»''WiBd i iritis tiro marine eide-lereren
- gioM, cylinder* of 72 inches, and 10 feet stroke 1 ; boilers,
•*0.7*11 In oomplete.order, and Is famished with coal
. bunkere capable of stowiun 1000 tons-of coal, leaving
: freight room ter about 556" tons measurement. There
. : *»t.gbod .'pefoenger accoinmodatlohs for 800 persona in
'taehsbfrr ’r i*'-■ - ,4.
*■Will WithiU the furniture, tackel,
. stAwttMxad' ranting .rar, a&ohora/ch&ips ana cables,
. esitoyfartitar©, Ajwidiflg,- rt*ble . service, gUsjjware,
cpodttty, t -, > <>
./ If not prtThsQßiy iiappßedor'at ptiTftte srie. the/;*!!!
* ‘in 'ihtf ’City of 1 wfw Ywk,<fri lift,first’iff j of October.
•mint,: end Die* kMW the highest bidder
withoutrwerr&i •- ” C .'7‘ .■ ■ - ,; 1
* Tar farther wrticaUfß/apply at tho office of .the Ocean
;.;Bteam-K*TigationCo.)ll3oßW WILLIAM street, NEW
•YORK -V ; -i , 4 _ r .
Cteam set'W'een jranr tobkand
)<HJiaqOIf^^WBUBOJO J 2 J jy)O toiw. - Wu-iiiX-
CraotTiiCoromwiaer ;>Kpr YOBK, Slatons, Bobibt
CsLiia. AgOOW, sw2'tons, Josof Dm*"
ThS KoM Newiork steam.
theM new and powerful
steamers to’Glasgow direct,'as follows:
I BOM XX# -TOBJC, ;i ' *■>
’ . j.f- NewfyorkjSatiltrdaj+Jiineao. liinoQn,. ,
3£3s6@P:?^" /“^‘
_ jNeW^tjr^Jnly.SS.-//-:-- ‘ ; "
. / • •'": t ’
steamer. For. freight o? peaaago apply to JOHN McSY.
MON, Nri.it fiaOii>WiV?New YorkcUybillßor gold
/ r. .--■; •- .iaa,lfcim
1857.—
F^Vdad’jttsm j3i#&nghlp Company.-e-Tbe
? lH«d ? s^g l IW. tons,
: ;;W, T will; leaved New Yorkf
:■; iwraW e&ra, da
j'"‘ '•? W» " "
: - ® ArapJ, .Solordey, - Jaa. 9
-• ; A«go.-iX FanonJ.-vdo. Feb, 6
* .-Jbb*».ftp.. - ft; **«?;
;.-> jJ; ', ;;, »;
'■* lbAVb Boraiurtd*. r ,-
■-.-£ --f VlBW.i'..' '
At»*D,Wediie*d»yi As*.®'
• KSKf,.: f . -sept.®
■ ■ •■?«’, M
jpoltea,’ * 1 do. ’- \' J*a' r 13
Awro, AM*o, • • dor •; Feb: 10,
; •; a -do.'. Mur. 10
. -.. AMjav A««.,' do. „.,Al>rlL7;
. foltoa, ftjpl&M-!? do- ft"
/- to..tfe*/to,;. •£:- ; »
i ..i>v .t msaow: ..* ... .
I , 1 From Newif«k -to’ i&nttianj'pton or'Havre—First
|-■ From Harltflo(r SoQthampton 'to .New York—First
| 'G^^ : 9oo'f!mMaeo^dOftl>iu:fiooti , anee: ~ '
| r ";Forfreight#gfogw^ripplrto-’ •• - -•* *■'
| • -'■' '.-? MQBiptifeltlftFfSaSCON, 'Agent, % Broadway.
I WltmiTlSELlk, “ / Ham:.
|., . . ..
1
The veU tam Bte#mi(hlp;
£ K£YETOK(MS£ATI MdiSTATEOdOKOttOIA, -now
, .fora o.WefldjriMM ferithe.' Sooth .ondSoathoMt, one
. «f the lO'o’clock,
I . V THIS ’! .
| Will AY/AUgttlt gHb. and
w ‘ •
-- m piATB OJ?;<HSOEOU,
iridSatannah thHeahlps connect
1 - ’ a« and with rail
««adc *t plaeeain thcSontlrand Soa&wftft.
CaMw FaaUcajUtwitiwrMUp. ...v/*. e..0 5i ...>,»30
VOL. I—NO. 10.
THE WEEKLY PRESS,
The Cheapest-and'Best- Weekly Newspaper, in
the Country.
Great Inducements to Clubs.
; pn the ieth of August the first number of Thb Webs*
lVPresS will Be'isauedTrOnYthe' City of Philadelphia.
It will be published every Saturday. '
n Tais Wsbklt Ptuess will be conducted upon National
prinClplea, and will uphbM the rights of the States. It
Will resist fanaticism in every shape j and will be de vo
ted to conservative doctrines, as the true foundation of
publio prosperity ahdsodal,order. Bach a weekly Jour
nal has Jong been desired In the United'States,,and it is
to gratify.this want! that Thb WrbxlY Pbkss will be
published., ,
Thk Weekly Paxss will" be' printed on excellent
white paper, clear, new-type,- and- in quarto fonn, for
binding;--’"-' ••• !. >3i '
It will contain the news.of the. day i -Correspondence
from the- 014 World and the New} .Domestic Intelli
gence; Reports t>f the various-Markets; Literary Re
views; Miscellaneous Briedtlbnn; the progress of Agri
culture In »U its various departments, Ac.’
r Jp» Terms invariably in advance. . ,
Thb Wbßßxr Paisa' will be’sent to subscribers,
bymail,perannuin, at....i $2 00
Three copies for*.v*..*. 6 00
Vive copies far.««.». * 8 00
Teh copies for*. 12 00
Twenty copies, when sent to one address :....20 00
Twenty copies,-or over, to address of each subscri-
her, each, per annum’.................... 1 20
K '-F6r aclub* of.twenty-one, or overawe will send an
extra copy to the getter-op of the Club.
Post Masters are requested jo act as agents for The
Weekly Press.
.1 will esteem It a great favor If my political and per
sonal friends, and all others, who desire a first class
Weekly Newspaper, will exert themselves to give The
Weekly Press a large circulation in their respective
, JOHN W. PORN3SY,
Editor and Proprietor.
Publication Office of Thb Weekly Pbbss, No. 417
Chestnut stt«*t>’ Philadelphia.
8> x n s.
1 WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 12, 1867.
THE GREATEST OF REVOLUTIONS.
The age of wonder has gone by. People
are surprised, now-a-days, at nothing. Science
and art, operatcd upon by that combination of
thought, industry and tact, which mOn call
..Genius, have almastannihilated time and space.
Look hack only so short a period as half a
.century,ago, and wonder how it was. possible
-to have existed then, wanting the comforts, tho
elegancies, the useful arts of life, which,
once known, become necessaries. There were
no steamboats in those days—no gas—no eiec
trotyped ; metals—no railroads—no electric
telegraph—no sewing machines—no steam
power turning' 6ut 20,000 impressions in an
hour. They were dispensed with, because
they were unknown—a moral truth, which none
can deity. ‘ OUce known,'we cannot do with
out them... Society would fancy itself resolved
back to.a-state of nature, if it had to make
shift without gas; steam; and electricity. One
by one,‘great inventions have been brought
into use, . and though mankind may have
.wondered at first, and anxiously, asked—Wliat
next? they have crowded so much of late,
that we accept them, as matter of epurse, and
make it a rule, with Horace, not to bo sur
prised at anything. The “nil admirari” prin
ciple prevails all over the world at present.
Wenders'.greater than ever .philosopher
mused over or poet imagined, are daily before
our eyes, and wo scarcely think them a matter
for reflection, because we are habituated to
them.,' Contrast the present with the past, and
what appears 7 Ffty years ago, it was a most
extraordinary journey to go irom Philadelphia
.to'NejyYork, in quick travel, in a single day!
Now,,.we do it in four, hours, with ease, and
the same distance is covered every day, in far
’less time, by-railroad travelling in England.
Fifty years ago, if a relative fell ill, and a man
had to be. summoned hack from New York,
even rapid travelling (at that time) would hot
transmit a message to him in less than twelve
bohff, ; Npw, -the Same intimation would be
%Hreu ln ten seconds, by the eleitrio telegraph.
‘Even now,, the greatest social revolution the
world eversaw is in progress—a revolution
which may go further to change dynasties than
was ever effected : by fire-and sword. The
Ocean Telegraph, at the time we write, isiin
process _'of ‘being laid down-in‘the Atlantic.
In that simple announcement how many aind
what mighty interests are involved! There
appeara to he every prospect of the Bub-At
-lantic Teiegmph being in thil and successful
’operation by.the,end of this month. On tire
.graceful suggestion of Hr, Buchanan, the first
message transmitted from England to Ameri
ca, (a 1 distance by land and water of more
miles,) will be sent'from the Queen
of“Eugland to the President of the United
States, and yrill immediately be responded to
by, him, in'kindness and with good feeling
and courtecy, through the same medium of
intercommunication.
- - At'present, a ten days’ transmission of in
telligence; from tlie Old World to the-New,
occupies ten days, even when the niost rapid
steamers are employed. In fiilure, the same
thing will ; be done in ten second* t This,
im ?ed, is the commencement of the greatest
revolution of onr titpo. Henceforth, a new
bond oflunion will gird the whole, family of
.man. ..Every one will know, as-hereads his
daily newspaper, (we need not tell those who
are wise in.their generation, what journal they
may most advantageously peruse,) what took
place in Europe on the previous day. Our
intelligence from 'Washington, New York,
New Orleans, and, St. Louis, will not be later
than that which, we shall have simultaneously
from: London, Paris, Berlin, Vienna, and
Brussels. - Wilder- fancy than this never
glknced J through l the teeming and excited
brain of the imaginative poet—with the differ
ence that for fluicy we now shall have fUct.
AH is real; It, is no mere imagining.of tho
mind, but an_ actual reality. Nor, while we
avaiTourselves of it, should we forget that tho
inventor of tho Electric Telegraph is our coun
tryman. ■ Let.us hold.in proud and grateful
remembrance the name of Morse.
STREET NOMENCLATURE.
■ Having lately, altered and improved our
street-numbering, it would not be very much
out of the way,-were we to pay some little at
tention to street-naming. ’ Curious enough it
is that, with few exceptions, streets are ca
‘ prlciouSiy named without any reference what
ever to system or variety. Every man who
'erects a double row of houses, sufficient to
give theplace the brevet title of “street,”
bestows a name upon it, just as his own fancy
[niay. suggest, and without , the slightest regard
to the excessive number of times sucli a
-name may already-liave been appropriated, for
-the,same purpose, by other parties, at various
times. -For example, the'name of- Smith may
be a favorite with the public—a great many
'respectable, persons bear that remarkable
patronymic; we believe—but' there ii. a disad
vantage in this' popularity, it will be admitted,
when the fact transpires that the name of
if Smith Court” is actually bestowed and re
peated, upon. as. many.as eighteen different
phices-in .our good City.of Brotherly Love.
Washington is an illustrious name, worthy of
'allhonor— but.it is sadly over-worked in Phi
ladelphia and its vicinity, where may be found
,two ■Washington Avenues, four Washington
.EJaceS,; three, Washington Courts, and |7it«e|
Washington Streets. Jackson isanother noted
* name, and; therolbre, (besides an Avenue and a
Place so called,) we liave four Jackson Courts,
thd six Jackson Streets. Gp.Ecs has also been
considerably drawn upon—there being three
[eoafts, and half a doSen streets so called.
Thep'CniNTON been in considerable de
maud, as wti hive seven Clinton Streets. , We
[find that Lswis and Mobbis have been simi
larly ;« used up.”,- There are. two. streets and
•an ;alleynamedafter Baker— who would seem
« havb,becn : a'courtiy personage, there polng
[np fewer than seven Baker Courts. ChaSce*
fpd'Eisb^*giye hamestb ate Streets each. ,
„ jyijiighlgo on mdltlppfingexamples; but
J b 5 draW'attention to the
ifOmdmg ‘therefore,, that ind®f
~penden} p(-bomtsjwdaUeya, we have, besides
ihosel aboVe mentioned,-.ope instance. Where
thorearerix streets of the Bamename j seven
'.where there are fict ; twelve - where; theie are
/oar, ?d*nd twenty-nine where thoro are three.
-The instances wherethere.ar.e’ only .two streets
of the same name are so numerous that wo de
cline the trouble of counting them np.
A single familiar and practical illustration wil
be sufficient to show what contusion is evolved
from this absurd repetition of names, as applied
to streets. A man desire's to see a person
whose address is simply “ Smith, street,
Philadelphia;” He looks at McElroy’s Direc
tory, and fiudß that there are eighteen streets
of this name, scattered ali.over the city and its
suburbs. It would take him two or three days’
pretty wearisome walking to find out the real
locality amid so many. The same principle
prevails in all cases wliqre there are five, tour;
three, or even two streets of the same name.
Even when it is a simple duplication only, tho
streets may be miles apart.
There is a remedy for this confusion worse
confounded—a remedy plain, practical, and
immediate. Let there ho a regular examination,
revision, and re-naming the streets in and at
tached to the city. Acting on the principle
that, in no single case, should there be two
streets of the same name, the labor would not
bo difficult. Nor need sensible men be at any
loss to supply proper names instead of those
which should be abandoned. Why should not
a man’s memory bo perpetuated by giving it
to a street 7 Not only in our own City, or our
own State, but also in other cities and States of
the Union, there have lived, and there do live,
a sufficient number of illustrious persons of
both sexes, whose names doserve to bo held
in honor. Let us call some of our streets
aftor them. We have the reputation of being
an eminently common-sense and practical
people, here in Philadelphia. Let us show
.that we are, by exercising wise discretion on
this matter of street nomenclature. So shall
we gain, and highly deservo, the merit of
having taken the initiatory step in a social re
form, apparently small, but actually important.
So shall we do what no other American city
has yet undertaken—New York itself is much
in tho same situation, as to street .names, as
Philadelphia is. So stall we do what London
has long been meditating on, and will speedily
effect. So will strangers who visit us bo happy
and grateful, beyond expression, when they do
not find, in any instance, even two streets
called by the same name. Wo merely throw
out the hint. ,
MR. CALHOUN'S GREAT PROPHECY.
In the letter of tho Hon. John C. Calhoun,
dated August 12th, 1844, while lio was Secre
tary of State, addressed to William R. Kino,
then American Minister at tho French Court,
which letter contained tho instructions of the
Federal Government on the annexation of
Texas, is the following statement. When wo
consider all that has transpired, from that day
to this, and particularly the efforts now making
by France to revive tho slave trade, in a new
but scarcely less offensive form, and when we
see Great Britain Herself, through her organs
in Parliament and tho press, admitting that all
her efforts to cultivate her West India pos
sessions, by means of free blacks, are failures,
the opinion of Mr. Calhoun may he regarded
as prophecy fulflilled:
■ But, to descend to particulars: it is certain
that while England, like France, desires the
independence of Texas, witli the view to com
mercial transactions, it is not less so that one
of the loading motives of England for desiring
it is, the hope that, through her diplomacy
and influence, nogro slavery may be abolished
there, and ultimately, by consequence, in flic
United States, and throughout the whole of
thiß continent. That its ultimate abolition
throughout the entire continent is an object
ardently desired by her, we have decisive
proof in the declaration of the Earl of Aber
deen, delivered to this Department, and of
which you will find a copy among the docu
ments transmitted to Congress with the Texan
treaty. That she desires its abolition in Texas,
and has used her influence and diplomacy to
effect it there, the same document, with tlie
correspondence of this Department with
Fakenham, also to be found among the docu
ments, furnishes proof not less conclusive.
That one of the objects of abolishing it there
is to facilitate its abolition in the United
States, and throughout the continent, is,mani
fest from the declaration of the Abolition
party and Societies, both in this country and
in England. In fiut, there is good reason to
believe, that the scheme of abolishing it in
Texas, with tho view to its abolition in tho
United States and over the continent, origina
ted with the prominent members of tho party
in the United States, and was first broached hy
.them in the (so called) World’s Convention,
held in London in the year 1840, and through
its agency brought to the notice of the British
Government.
Now, I hold not only that Franco can have
no interest in the consummation of this grand
scheme, which England hopes to accomplish
through Texas, if she can defeat the annexa
tion ; but that her interest, and those of all the
continental powers of Europe, aro directly and
deeply opposed to it.
It is too fate in tho day to contend that hu
manity or philanthropy is the great object of
the policy of England in attempting to abolish
African slavery on this continent. I do not
question but humanity may have beoa one of
her leading motives for the abolition of the
African slave trade, and that it may have hud a
considerable influence in abolishing slavery in
her West India possessions,—aided, indeed, by
the fallacious calculation that the labor of the
negroes would be at least as profitable, if not
more so, in consequence of the measure. She
acted on the principle that tropical products
can be produced cheaper by free African labor
and East India labor than by slave labor. She
knew full well the value of such products to her
commerce, navigation, navy, manufactures, re
venue, and power. She was not ignorant that
the support and the maintenance of her po
litical preponderance depended on her tropical
possessions, and had no intention of diminish
ing their productiveness, nor any anticipation
that such would be the effect when the scheme
of abolishing slavery in her colonial possessions
was adopted. On tho contrary, she calculated
to combine philanthropy with profit and power,
as is not unusual with fanaticism. Experience
lias convinced her of the fallacy of her calcu
lations. She has failed in all her projects. The
labor of her negroes has proved far less pro
ductive, without affording tho consolation of
having improved their condition.
Tho experiment has turned out to bo a costly
one. She expended nearly one hundred mil
lions of dollars in indemnifying the owners of
the emancipated slaves. It is estimated that
the increased price paid since, by the people
of Great Britain; for sugar and other tropical
productions, in consequence of the measure, is
equal to half that sum; and that twice that
amount has been expended in the suppression
of the slave trade } making, together, two hun
dred and fifty millions of dollars as the cost of
the experiment. Instead of realizing her hope,
the result has been a sad disappointment. Her
tropical products have fallen off to a vast
amount. Instead of supplying her own wants
and those of nearly all Europe with them, as
formerly, she has now, in some of the most
important articles, scarcely enough to supply
her own. What is worse, her own colonies
are actually consuming sugar produced by
slave labor, brought direct to England, or re
fined in bond, and exported and sold in her
colonies as cheap or cheaper than they can bo
produced there; while the slave trade, instead
of diminishing, has been in fact carried on to
a greater extent than ever. So disastrous has
been the result, that her fixed capital invested
in tropical possessions, estimated at the value
of nearly five hundred millions of dollars, is
said to stand on the brink of ruin.
But tills is not the worst. While this costly
scheme has had such ruinous effects on the
tropical productions of Great Britain, it lias
given a powerful stimulus, followed by a cor
responding increase of products, to those
countries which have had the good sense to
shun her example. There has been vested, it
is estimated by them, in the production of tro
pical products, since 1808, in fixed capital,
nearly $4,000,000,000, wholly dependent on
slave labor. In tho same period, the value of
their products has been estimated to have
risen fVom about $72,000,000 annually, to
nearly $220,000,000 ; while the whole of tho
fixed capital of Great Britain, vested in culti
vating tropical products, both in the East/and
West Indies, is estimated at only about
$830,000,000, and the value of tho products
annually to about $50,000,000. To present a
still more striking view-of three article*} of
tropical products, (sugar, coffee, and cotton,)
the British' possessions; including the West
and-Easfc Indies, and * Mauritius, produced, in
1842, of sugar, only 8,998,771 pounds; while
Cuba,' Brazil,' and the 'United States,, ex
cluding .other Countries htaringVtrojttcal pos
sesions,produced 9,000,006 pounds; of coffee,
'the3ritlsh possessions produced only '27,398,-
003; while Cuba and Brazil produced 201,590,-
125 pounds; .and of cotton, the British posses
sions, including shipments to China, only 137,-
448,448 pounds, while the United States alone
produced 790)479,275 pounds.
The above facts and estimates have all been
drawn from a British periodical of high stand*
Philadelphia, Wednesday; august 12, m?.
ing and authority, and are believed to be en
titled to credit.
This vast increase of the capital and produc
tion on the part of those nations who have con
tinued their former policy toward tho negro
race, compared with that of Great Britain, in
dicates a corresponding relative increase of the
means of commerce, navigation', manufactures,
wealth and power. It is no longer a question
of doubt, that the great source of .wealth, pros
perity, and power of the more civilized nations
of the temperate zone, (espe'oiallv Europe,
where the arts hayemade the greatest advance,)
depends, in a great degree, on .the exchange of
their products with those of tlio .tropical re
gions. . So great has been the advance made in
the arts, both chemical and mechanical, within
the few last generations,that all tlie old civilized
nation's can, witli but a small pdrt of their la
bor and capital, 1 supply- their respective wants;
which tends to limit within narrow bounds the
amount of the.- commerce between them, and
forces them all to seek for marked in the tropi
cal' regions, J aud the more 'por
tions of the globe. 5 'those who hfin'best. sue
ceed in commanding those markets/have the
best prospect of outstripping the others in the
career of commerce, navigation, manufactures,
wealth and power.
This is seen and felt by British statesmen,
and have opened their eyes to the errors which
they have committed. The question how witli
them is, how shall it be counteracted ? "What
has been done cannot bo undone.. The ques
tion is, by what means can Great Britain regain
and keep a superiority in tropical cultivation,
commerce and influence ? Or, shall that be
abandoned, and other nations be suffered to
acquire the supremacy, even to the extent of
supplying British markets, to the destruction
of tho capital already vested in tboir produc-
These are tho questions which now pro
foundly occupy tho attention of her statesmen,
and have the greatest influence over her coun
cils.
In order to regain her superiority, she not
only seeks to revive and increase her own ca
pacity to produce tropical productions, but to
diminish and destroy tho capacity of those
who have so far outstripped her in consequence
of her error. In pursuit of tho former, alio
lias . cast her eye to her East Indian pos
sessions—to central and eastern Africa—with
the view of establishing colonies there, and
uven to restore, substantially, the slave trade
itself, under tho specious name of transportng
free laborers from Africa to her West India
possessions, in order, if possible, to compete
successfully with those who have refused to fol
low her suicidal policy. But these all afford
but uncertain and .distant hopes of recovering
her lost superiority. Ilcr main reliance is on
be other alternative—to cripple or destroy the
>roductions of' her successful rivals. There is
but one way by which it can bo dono, and that
is by abolishing African slavery throughout
this continent; and that she openly .avows to
be the constant object of her policy and exer
tions. It matters not now, or from what mo
tive, it may bo done: whether it may bo by
diplomacy, influence or force; by secret or
open means; and whether tlie motive be hu
mane or selfish, without regard to manner,
means or motive. The thing itself, should it
be accomplished, would put down all rivalry
and give her the undisputed supremacy in sup
plying her own wants and those of the rest of
the world; and thereby more fully retrieve
what she has lost by her errors. It would give
her the monopoly of tropical productions,
which I shall next proceed to show.
Whut would bo tho consequence if this ob-
ject of her unceasing solicitude and exertions
should be effected by the abolition of negro
slavery throughout this continent, some idea
may bo formed from tho immense diminu
tion of productions, as has been shown, which
has followed abolition in her West India pos
sessions. But, as great as that has been, it is
nothing compared to what would be the ef
fect if sho should succeed in abolishing slave
ry in the United States, Cuba, Brazil, aud
throughout this continent. Tho experiment
in her own colonies was made under the most
favorable circumstances. It was brought
about gradually and peaceably, by the steady
and firm operation of tho parent country,
armed with complete powor to prevent or
crush at once all insurrectionary movements on
tho part of tho negroes, aud able and disposed
to maintain to the full tho political and Social
ascendancy of the former masters over their
former slaves. It is not at all wonderful that
the change of the relations of master and slave
took place, under such circumstances, without
violence and bloodshed, and that order and
peace should have bden since preserved.' Very ‘
different would have l>cen the result of aboli
tion, should it be effected by her influence
and exertions in the possessions of other coun
tries on this continent, and especially in the
United States, Cuba, and Brazil, tho great
cultivators of the principal tropical products of
America. To form a correct conception of
what would be the result with them, we must
look not to Jamaica, but to St. Domingo, for
example. The change would be followed by
unforgiving hate between tlie two races, and
end in a bloody and deadly struggle between
them for the superiority. One or the other
would have to be subjugated, extirpated, or ex
pelled ; and desolation would overspread their
territories, as in St. Domingo, from which it
would take centuries to recover. Tlie end
would be, that the superiority in cultivating
the great tropical staples would bo transferred
from them to tlie British tropical possessions.
They are of vast extent, aud those beyond
the Cape of Good Hope possessed of an un
limited amount of labor, standing ready, by
tlie aid of British capital, to supply the deficit
which would be occasioned by destroying tho
tropical productions oftho United States, Cuba,
Brazil, and other countries cultivated by slave
labor on this continent, so soon as the in
creased price, in consequence, would yield a
profit. It is tlie successful competition of that
labor which keeps the prices of the great tro
pical staples so low as to prevent their cultiva
tion with profit in tho possessions of Great
Britain, by what she is pleased to call free
labor. If she can destroy its competition, she
would have a monopoly in those productions.
Sho has all the means of furnishing an un
limited supply—vast and fertile possessions in
both Indies, boundless command of capital and
labor, and ample ’power to suppress distur
bances, and preserve order throughout her
wide domains.
Educational Harvest Home.— A meeting
of school directors, teachers, aud citizens of
Lancaster, York, and Lebanon counties, we
see it stated in tlie Lancaster Express , will be
held at Millersvilie, on Saturday, August 22d.
Extensive arrangements will bo made to ac
commodate all who will attend. Some of the
most prominont citizens of our own and other
States will be in attendance and address the
meeting. Tlie friends of education throughout
the county should not fail to attend this « Har
vest Homo” meeting as it promises to he one
of the most agreeable and interesting character.
Tho Lancaster Fencibles, Captain Duchman,
will escort Governor Pollock, and other dis
tinguished gentlemen from this city, to tlie
place of meeting.
Tiie Dollar Mark [s]. —Writers arc not
agreed as to the derivation of the sign to re
present dollars. Sorao say that it came from
the letters U. S., which, after tho adoption of
the Federal Constitution, wove prefixed to the
Federal currency, and which afterwards, in the
hurry of writing, were run into ono»another,
the U being made first and the S over it.
Others say that it is derived from the contrac
tion of the Spanish word pesos “ dollars
others, from tho Spanish word fuetes, “ hard,”
to distinguish silver from paper money. The
more probable explanation is, that it is a modi
fication of the figure 8, and denotes a piece of
eight reals , or, as tho dollar was formerly
called a piece of eight. It was then designated
by the figures 8-B. —Dictionary of American
isms.
Meteoric Lightning.
In an article on lightning, in the British Quar
terly, is the following inoiuont, which occurred to
a tailor, in tho Rue St. Jaques, Val do Graco,
about the year 1784. M. Babinut was commis
sioned by the Academy of Science to investigate
the facta, and reported substantially os follows:
“ After a loua thunder-clap, the tailor, bping
finishing his meal, saw the ohimnoy-boaid fall
down as if beset by a slight gust of wind, and a
globe of fire, tho sizo of u child’s head, caine out
quietly into the room, at a small hoight above the
floor; the tailor said it looked like a good-sized
kitten, rolled up into a ball, and moving without
showing its paws. It was bright and shining, but
bo felt no sensation of heat. The globe oamo no&r
liis feet, like a young out that wants to rub itself
against its master’s legs; but by moving them
asldo gently, he avoided the contact. It appears
to havo played for sevoral seconds about his feet,
ho bonding bis body over it, and examining it at
tentively. After trying some oxoursions in differ
ent directions, it rose vertically to the height of
his head, which he throw back, to avoid touching
his faee. The globe, elongating a little, thensteored
towards a hole lathe chimney, above tho mantel
piece, which hole received a stovc-pipo in winter,
but was now pasted over with paper. ‘ Tho thun-
he said; * could not see tho hole;’ but never
theless the ball wont straight to tho aperture, re
moving the paper without hurting it, and made
Its way into the ohimney. Shortly afterwards,
and when he supposed it'had time to reach tho
top, it made a dreadful explosion, which destroyed
tho upper part of the oliimnoy, and (brew the frag
ments on the roof of smaller buiLdi.';*, which they
broke through Tho tailor’s lodging was on tho
third story; tho lower ones were hot visited at all
by,the thunderbolt.”
The small pox, we learn, has made its ap
pear&neo in L&wbertville, N. J.
' ilercer County has already paid her whole
State texfor 1857,
CORRESPONDENCE.
FROM CAPE MAY.
[Correspondence or The Prefu.]
Hoto to spend Money—'Hist Young Men—Modus Ope
fandi of having a little Fun-~Bathing — Ladies'
Amusemekis atid Freaks.
Cape Island, August llth, 1857.
As people generally come here for 'the express
purpose'of getting rid of superfluous money, It is
a pleasure,to chronicle that there is no expectation
of a general disappointment; though it would ap
pear that some have not sufficient time to dispose
of it; for many who came herewjth the determi
nation to stay a couple of weeks have unfortu
nately become compelled to forego their recreation,
in order to attend to the “Fall business.” It is
not to be expected, however, that our young men
will notmake most of the time whilst sojourning here
(for that appears to be the great principle, or mo-
tive-power, which aotuates all at this placo, from a
.Jersey wagon-driver up to an aristocratic hotel
keeper,) aud the expedients the “fast” men adopt,
in .order t<f kill time, are just as Ukcly to produce
that effect upon themsolveß.
’T‘s a great honor, or a spurco of pride, to bo de
nominated U t'fast traveller;” and to acquire this
is no easy uiatter, though tho capacity of a man’s
stomach has much to do with it, in tho way of con
verting the afbres&id stomaeh* Into a vast reservoir
lor an inconceivable omount of “ whiskey-slings,”
“ brandy-punches,”- &q. Yet, although a man may
be unable to swallow “ drink” all
day, in up a roputation by pulling
down his own,inhere aro othor expedients to bo
adopted wmQfl may accomplish tho desired end.
It may be finbted by calling all your friends up to
drink, iuclvfolitg your “friends’ frionds,” find all
others who.jhay bo standing about the bar. It is
ostonishingmoW your reputation goes up ©very time
tho wine gdp down.
Here may bo corrected a very prevalent, though
orronoous idea, whioh obtains credence among the
Jast \ oung man, that after having bathed the innor
man with “potations pottle deep,” they hav? only
to take a both, and be made all right. This is a
mistake, unless the head bo immersed first, (which
is not generally the cose at Capo May,) for by
walking into the wator gradually it drivos the li
quor into the head, and in consequence they comb
out drunk instead of tight-
If wo cannot obtain a railrond through New
Jersey, we a&y>-mako an attempt through our
sistor which has a continuous
rail from Jffibftlelphia to Milford, about twenty
miles from IVo could then loavo thooity
at 10 A. M.sbd be hero bofore 2P. M. The New
York boats jaaviug Philadelphia at 7 A. M., could
then take uxsver in three-quarters of an hour, so
that at hours and a half could bo saved.
If thq New. York boats could not stop, tho Union
lino might’ it. The bay here, from tho Capo
May light the Breakwater, is only about twelve
or thirteen ‘‘miles wide. This would also be a
great accommodation to Southern travellers, for
they could die Ah Norfolk before dark, leaving
Capo May ht‘B A. M. The Baltimore passengers
could also be Bet down at homo without change of
cars, in five ? or six hours. This is a practicable
affair, and .plight bo done by next summer. It is
the only retrieve tho fortunes of Cape May,
by railroad; and the sooner it is dono
the sooner will it sftr the tide of those who have
been accustomed wFvislt Cape May yearly, but
now prefer to go whore the leiut time will be spent
in travelling. Sivart.
REAPING AMI MOWING MACHINES.
Tbestos, N J., Aug. 8.1857.
The recent great United States trial, at Syracuse,
of these machines has uwakcued throughout tho
entire grosp-gJWwing districts of the States an in
quiry as to which te the beet machine in uso. It is
not the this article to oven allude to the
merits of any of the numerous kinds in use, but to
givo a few foots which tho writer believes have been
overlooked in the tests that are being mode to dis
cover the points of superiority. From tho reports
in (ho NeufYOrk journals during tho progress of the
United it is evident that tho judges ,
wero the merits of machines on
the basis of>lh£t p6w<rf required to operate them. Ab
there was ft Targe ‘number, all doing thoir work
equally well, tho force of power necessary for their
work wp3 tho point of superiority. The writer was
present at the Maryland State trial, held at Chcster
townln August, and saw several machines working
In tlh?sahicfl<>tdrsf grain. Among tho imniberwer©
two working sulo by side. One wan apparently
doing its work very easy for two horses, tho team
being little fatiguod in operating the machine. The
other, with a moro powerful team, was evidently
very laborious, and moro than they would be able
to endure for nny great length of timo. Yet—to
tho astonishment of many practical men—
when the Dynamometer was attached, the result
was declared in favor of tho latter by somo forty
pounds. Wbilo'it whs evident that thejudgeawero
honest and doing tboir disinterested duty to tho
bestof their knowledge, it was also evident to every
man accustomed to working machines, thnt there
was something wrong in tho result shown.
Since that timo tho writer, in order to discover,
if possible, wherein the application of the Dynamo
meter failed to give tho correct labor of operating
machines, has made govorol experiments, and has
decided as follows: That tho various modoa of
constructing machines, changes the locality of tho
draught and labor performed by tlie town. There
fore, in applying tho Dynamometer, by attaching
tho doubletreo to the instrument, and tho instru
ment to tho usual point of draught, n 3 was the case
at tho Maryland State trial, it will show tho full
amount of labor for one construction, whilo with
another tho same application will show less than
two-thirds of the labor performed. Without giving
tho details of tho experiments, the writer only asks
all thoso interested to teat tho truth of this as
follows:
First apply tlie Dynamometer to tho machino in
the usual way, attaching it to tho ilouhlotroo, and
work long enough to get tho full register of tho in-
Btruiqeut; thon unship tho pole of tho mnehine from
tho neck yoko, by taking the ond out of the ring,
and fnston a stoat ropo into tho end of tho polo, and
pass it through tho ring of tlie nook yoko book to
tho Dynamomotor, so thot tho weight and the polo
draught nil net upon tho instrument, und then by
working, it will ho found that tho rogistor of the
Dymunomotor is nonrly, or quito, one third moro
than in tho manner first mentioned.
Tho writer docs not know in what wny tho Dy
nnmomotor test was mndo to tho machines in tho
recent trial, at Syroonso. Ho is bold to soy thnt if
the weight ond luhor of tho pole of machines wns
brought to not dircet with tho main draft on tho in
strument, tho labor of machines has not beon cor
rectly ascertained. Ho further believes that tho
only correct wny of gotting at tho force required to
drive machines is to so attnoh tho instrument that
tho draught, and tho weight and labor of tho
]k>lq nil not upon tho Dynamometer nt tho same
timo, which cannot bo done whilo tho pole rests in
the ring of tho neck yoke; hut hy suspending, with
n cord attached, so ns to give froo piny or uction in
tho ring, and tho cord directly noting upon tho in
strument will givo tho full labor of all mnehtues as
it is renlly performed hy tho team employed whilo
i" l ™' ' Expkmhext.
[Prom tho Toronto Colonist.]
Tlie Toronto liauk Robbery—lmportant Arrpsts,
Tho public were,astounded at hearing rumors of
the arrest of Air. Gumming, tho Bauk Agent, Mr
Joseph Korby, onil of Mr. McGnffiiy, tl lo Northern
Railway Contractor, for tho robbery of tho X-l 500
a few days since at the Parliament Houbo. During
the ■ afternoon, rumors were afloat that warrants
were out for their apprehension; but it was deemed
scarcely cmhblo, till, iato in thd evening, it was
found that thoy wero actually arrested. Thoy
wore, last nighL confined in tho ordinary lock up
house or tho Polico, nnd will, undergo a full exami
nation.
. participation McGafley nnd Kcrby hud
ill tho robbery, has not yet transpired. Various
rumors, ns to tho amount of money each received
aro afloat, and wc givo them, in the absonce of
gulnr proof as wo heard them. McGaffoyis said to
have got i.t,750 or tho money, nnd Korby £l,OOO.
Itn alleged, on thoir bolinlf, that thoy won tho
money at Cards from dimming; hut their partioi
nation in, or knowledge of, tho robbery looks con
clusive, else why should thoy be arrested ? It is
sald thnt BIX or aovon others,-all of whom arc mov
mg in respectablo society—aro implicated; and a
more infamous pieoe of businoss was perhaps never
brought to hght Cain,da. It might defeat the
ends of justice to numo all we heard about this rob
hery, inasmuch as it might be u notice to them to
ionvo , but the police lmvo, so far, been vigorous
and discreet in thoir movements, and wo slnberely
trust that this vi Inny, at once most disgraceful mid
unsuspected, will be laid bare, and that both eooiety
and the penitentiary will gain by tho present vigor
ous movements of tho police nnd the city authorities.
ia e 0 no mcans of knowing
nos tive-that Camming has confessed tho whole
misluoss, nnd that it is upon his confession tho
present parties aro arrested. We wait further dis
olobumb in this business with no ordinary anxioty,
as doubtless our roadors do also. Tho proceeding
will be published; and thoy rovoal a sluto of no
ddy wholly impossible toconceivo in tliisor almost
any other city in Canada.
Hejhb Wanted—About twenty-five years
ago Mrs. Margaret Sheyor (called Bhiris) died
leaving a sum of money to bo usod for charitable
purposes in the town of Stannton, Tho money
wont intotho bands of tho late Samuel Ctafk, Esa’
one of her executors, and, at the timo of liis dtalV
amounted to somii four thousand dollars, John n’
Hendwn.EsooiMr. Clarke’s administrator, lately
a Trudeo toVS^" “ king tho Court to <‘PP"id
a Trust™ to receive tho money, nnd on Saturday
i“ton,i J . 1 i <1 «.^ m f on ronJwct > Ms derision. lie
deoleed that tho legaoy was void, nnd that tho
money must go the heirs of tho testatrix, if their
are any, and othomiso to the State So far as it is
knows; the eld lady had no relatives.
COMMUNICATIONS .
[For the Press.}
MANUFACTURE OF GLASS.
An unredeemed promise, made in a recent
“Pittsburgh ltftcr y n that at some future time, I
would enter more minutely into the great manufac
turing operations constantly goiog forward in that
producing city, I now hope in some humble degree
to fulfil. The class of manufactories to which the
reader’s attention is at present invited, as my cap
tion indloates, is that whioh is confined to tho arti
cle of glass. Though, inasmuoh as the uso of this
nrtiolo is so universal, and the ignorance of its his
tory and meohanical production so general, a brief
historical sketch of its discovery and progress, may
not be on inappropriate prelude to the description
of the manufactories themselves.
It would doubtless bo sheer presumption to at
tempt to fix upon tho precise period at which the
discovery of glass-making occurred. Without un
dertaking to coutrovert, or oriticiso the assertions j
of some writers, however, that glass was known 1
before the flood, its post’deluvian discovery will
furnish us a research sufficiently ancient for all
practical purposes. s
Upon the authority of Pliny, the first rovelation
of this moat valuable artificial orystal, resulted
from tho following oircumstance :
About throe thousand years ago, a company of
merchants, who had a cargo of nitro on board
their ship, were driven by the winds on tho shores
of Galileo, close to a small stream (tho river Belus)
that runs from the foot of Mount Carmel; and
being weathor-bound till tho storm abated, they
made preparations for cooking their food on the
strand; and not finding stones to rest their vessels
upon, thoy used some lumps of nitre for that pur
pose, placing.their kettles and stew-pans on the
top, and.lighting a strong firo undernoath. As
the heat increased, the nitre slowly melted away,
and flowing down tho beach, became mixed up
with the sand, forming, when the incorporated
mass cooled down, a singularly beautiful, transpa
rent substance, whioh naturally enough excited
i their astonishment and wonder.
Now, however fabulous this account may bo, it is
certainly backed up with a due degree of proba
bility to entitle it to some credit, ns the sand, on
tho very shore to whioh the logend is assigned, has
ovor since then beou peculiarly adapted to the
manufacture of glass, and iB supposed to have sup
plied the materials for tho glass-houses of Tyre
andSidon. 1
It is well known, however, that the goneral uso
of glass as an indispensable article of comfort and
convenience, is of comparatively recent date.
AUbroy tells us that, except in ohurches and gen
tlemen’s houses, glass windows were rare before
tho time of Henry VIII., and that In his own re
membrance, before the civil war, copy-holders, and
poor people had none. And in Scotland, so late
as 1661, wo learn that the windows of ordinary
country houses were not glazed, and only the
upper parts of those of the King’s palace had glass,
the lower having two wooden shuttors, which were
occasionally opened to admit the fresh air.
Tho fact of so long an interval having elapsed
between tho first rude hint of the existence of so
invaluable an article, and its full devoloped appli
cation to its modern infinite variety of uses, may
Boem somewhat strange; yet when we consider
that hints equally indicative were exhibited by
the hand of Nature—or rather the Great Author
of nature—pointing the way to discovery in almost
every other department of scienco, without being
properly interpreted for ages, the strangeness of
this particular Instance vanishes.
Blood oiroulated and apples fell, long, long be
fore the days of Harvey and Newton; but before
their day these hints had fallen in unprolific soil.
From this discovery of glass, or the Eastern
shore of the Mediterranean.-its progress westward
seoms to have been slow but gradual. Its high an
tiquity is attested in the broken fragments of
gloss utensils oxhumed from the ruins of Thebes
and Herculaneum.
As early as A. D. 317, we read that there were
glass manufactories at Alexandria, and that
Adrian —thon Emperor of Rome—sent home, us
objects of great value and curiosity, several glass
cups, of divers colors, which were nsed by tho
Egyptians in the worship of the Temple. There
is reason to bolievo, that from Alexandria the art
travelled to Rome; but as an evidence of the great
scaroity of glass artiolcs in Rome’ in the first half
century of the Christian ora, we have the fact re
corded, that Nero paid, for two glass cups, with,
handles, 6,009 b'esterlln, a sunt
or nearly a quartor of a million of dollars of our
monoy! and this enormous sum was doubtless paid
for hvo cups vastly inferior, in overy respect, to
tho elegant flint goblets now daily being shipped
from the manufactories of Pittsburgh at thirty
seven and a half cents a pieco.
Tho oxnct time when glass first came to be used
for windows, has never been determined ; although
St. Joroine, (A. D. 422.) makes the earliest allusion
toitsboing used for that purposo; and 252 years
later than this, we arc told that artificers were
brought ovor from the Continent to England, tp
glaze tho windows of the ohurch and monastery of
Wcrcmouth, in Durham; though from what has
already boon stated, it is evident that this luxuri
ous and oxponsivo adornment wus almost wholly
confined tothelrrcligiousedifloes A praiseworthy
partiality, truly, on the part of our transatlantic
fathers.
Iu tho thirteenth century the Italians excited
tho wonder and attention of Europe, with their
crystal mirrors; though iu the manufacture of
glass for tho more useful purposes, they seem to
have made but little progress, owing probably to
the extreme fondness of tho nobility for implements
of gold and silvor, to tho exolusion of every other
material. In the fourteenth century tho French
government gavo considerable encouragement to
tho manufacture of glass; the French, it is alleged,
having by strategem obtained the art from the
Venetians, by whom the art of producing their
colckrated mirrors had hitherto been preserved os
a profound secret. In England, notwithstanding
tho limited and desultory efforts made in tho manu
facture of glass, from timo to time, (dating as far
back as the Roman invasion,) within her borders,
tho first regular manufactory was established in
tho year 1557, just three hundred years ago. Seve
ral others were started soon after, at one of whioh
flint-glass was produced. The proccssos employed
in these establishments wero improved in 1635, by
tho substitution of pit-coal for wood in the furnaces,
which was considered so important that Sir Robert
Mansell, by whom it was introduced, received, in
consequence, a monopoly of the manufacture of
flint-glass. It was not until the yoar 1673, how
ever, that England coased to be lurgely dependent
upon foreign countries for supplies of glass, the
Venetian Stato especially. In this year an exten
sive establishment was commenced in London, for
tho production of window glass, and in 1773, just
oue hundred years afterward, an act of Parliament
was passed for the incorporation of a company for
the manufacture of British cast plate gloss, whose
extensive works at Ravenhead.iu Lancashire, have
continued in full operation down to tho present
time.
It is certainly a notable fact that, in China, to
this day, the manufacture of glass is unknown, al
though the Chinese wore before all the rest of the
world, and superior to it, in the manufacture of
porcelain.
Of tho various localities in this country, where
the manufacturing of glass is carried on, the read
er need hardly bo Informed, that the City of
Pittsburgh, and her surroundings, is decidedly the
most important
And tho unparalleled success with which the
production of glass has been hero conducted for
tho last half century, is only equalled hy tho saga
city displayed on tho part of the early pioneers, in
this class of manufacture, in selecting a locality
so admirably adapted, in all its natural advan
tages.
As introductory to my next artiolo on this sub
ject—which I shall dovoto exolusivoly to tho glass
manufactories of Pittsburgh—l will conclude tho
present, with a short extract of a letter, written
by Major Craig, dated “ Pittsburgh, June 12,1797,”
to “Colonel James O’Hara, Detroit,” and pub
lished in Craig’s History of Pittsburgh:
“ I then took Mr. Eichbaum up the coal hill,
and showed him the coal pits, called Ward’s pits,
and the lots on which they arc, with all of which
ho was well pleased, both as to situation and con
venience of materials for building. I therefore
immediately purchased of Ephraim Jones the
house and lot near the Spring for one hundred
pounds, and have mado application to Ephraim
Blaine for tho two adjoining lots, which, no doubt,
I will get on reasonable terms. These three lots
nro qmto sufficient, and wo aro now quarrying
limo and building stono, both of which aro found
on the lot.”
Tho two gentlemen named in connection with
this extract, Messrs. Craig and O’Hara, com
menced tho first glass manufactory ever ereoted in
Pittsburgh, somo timo near tho date above named.
Tho Mr Eichbaum, mentioned in tho extraot, was
a Philadelphian, ongngeil to direct the ercotion of
the works. GiuvnßAßn.
A Good Picture op a Mayor* —Tho Mayor,
of Chicago is thu9 described by a correspondent of
the Boston Journal i
“lie stands six feotfivoinhis stookingf.' ,*Old
straw hat turned down all around like freottonum
brella—no neckoloth—short, bad fitting linen coat
—Jooso unmentionables, which look 'BB if he had
lumped too far into them and hadn't timo to got
baok—unblaokcd, untied shoos, thredshes too largo
—and a alight stoop to the tall* figure, and the pic
ture is complete. You see him wWell, sir, that
shabby, elephantine individual, who looks as if he
had not a cent m the wOrld, is Johannes Elongatus.
Mayor of Chicago, and he is worth five hundred
thousand dollar*, •
TWO CENTS.
GENERAL NEWS.
At a recent meeting of the Historical So
ciety at Bostow, Dr. Loring read an interesting
article on Hancook, and exhibited the rest, coat
and breeches once worn by the great patriot.
Ihey were in excellent preservation. Xhe coat .is
of scarlet velvet, with ruffled sleeve 3, and was
used os a model for the coat to the statue of
Warren. The vest was riohly embroidered with
a , B P aD f>l w > and the breeohes are of olive
silk plush. John Hancock would create quite a
sensation by appearing in State street to-day, thus
accoutre^.
Dr. Catiin, who has suddenly become fa
mou® through his connection with the recont Cun
ningharu farce, is a native of Durham County, and
studied medicine with Dr. Tyler, of New Haven.
After rocoivinghie diploma in 1849, he practised
medicine for a short time in Derby. Ho married
Mias Beecher, a cousin of Henry Ward Beecher,
and a fi ister of Rev. Mr. Beecher, of Saratoga,-at
which place, it will be remembered, Miss Augusta
Cunningham was preparing to go last winter. Cat
lin’s Wife left him last spring, and has refused to
live with him since.
Gustavos Brown, employed as porter at the
Wtt3hington Hotel, Boston, Pa., was agreeably sur
mised, on Friday last, by having placed in his
lands, by the Agent of one of the Express Compa
nies, the sum of nine hnndrcd dollars, as part of a
fortune of $3,000, which had been left him by an
ancle in Y&terl&nd. Guatavus of course was over
joyed at "this turn-up,” and in the evening gave
a supper to his friends at the Metropolitan Res
taurant. Ho expects to receive the balanoo of his
fortune in the course of a week or two.
The Illinois Journal of the 6th in&t., says,
a little after 5 o’clock on Monday morning, a fire
man in the employ of tye St. Louis, Alton & Chi
cago Railroad, discovered the mangled fragments
of two dead bodies, lying upon the track of the
railroad, near Major’s Cofiege, ju3t North of Bloom
ington. It was ascertained that the unfortunate
men were two Germans, one of them was named
Froderiok Schalk, and tho other Joseph Kcyßer.
A broken brandy bottle was found on the track,
and doubtlessly accounts for the accident.
Richmond, Va., was all agog with wonder
and excitement, one dark evening last week, at
beholding two mysterious globes of light, of a faint
yellow color, in the eastern heavens. The people
turned out en masse; everybody was gazing with
gaping wonder; mysterious conjectures and theo
ries as to the probable character of the strange
visitors were indulged in, but with little satisfac
tion. A man with a night-glass discovered that
they were lanterns swung at the end of kite-tails
in the mid-air. The crowds went to bed.
Says,the "Warren Mail —Messrs. Thomas
Struthers, of Warren, and Win. Kelly, of Erie, have
been appointed Commissioners by the Sunbury and
Erie Railroad Company, to receive propositions for
land along the route of the road and|negotiate
therefor, according to tho plan proposed by Mr.
Merriok, published a short time since. The selec
tions are good ones and land-holders who favor the
plan can wuoh more conveniently arrange with
them than with the company in Philadelphia.
The committee appointed at a joint meeting
of Temperance Associations, held at Chicago in
May last, to call a general convention of the
friends of the cause in the United States and Cana
das, hare issued a circular, appointing the conven
tion on tho 10th of November next, at Chicago.
The object of this convention is to secure unity of
action among Temperance people, in order that
more powerful efforts may be brought to bear upon
the purposes which all desire to attain.
Mr. Reuben Vining, of Durham, Me., com
mitted suicide bn Thursday last, by catting his
throat with a jack-knife, in consequence of trouble
in the sohool district of which he was agent. He
had taken some steps in the management of the
district which wore not generally satisfactory. He
was a worthy and respeotable citizen. He was
about fifty-eight years of age, and-leaves a wife
and six children.
Tho Amoakoag Veterans, of Manchester,
-N. n., will make an excursion to Niagara Falls in
October, stopping at Springfield, Albany and Ro
chester. They will bo absont about ten days, and
will number about one hundred and fifty men, be
sides the Manchester Cornet Band. The Amoskeag
Veterans, it will be remembered, visited our .city
some time ago, and theif soldierly and manly ap
pearance was the theme of general admiration.
The Mauch Chunk Gazette says, that a tan
nery is about being erected in Kidder township,
Carbon county, which will be one of the largest
establishments of the kind in the United States.
The main building will be between six and seven
hundred feet long and sixty wide, calculated to
35,000 hides aycar—more, it is said, than any other
tannery in the United States. An engine of ninety
horse power will be put up
We mentioned, a few days since, in The
Press, that an affray took plaoe at Cold Spring,
N. Y., between Michael Tallen and John McKea
ren, and it has resulted, os was feared, in the death
of the latter, on Friday. An inquest was held upon
the body, the jury agreeing that the deceased died
from the effects of a wound received at the hands of
Michael Tallen, and deciding that the act was jus
tifiable, ho having shot MoKe&ren in self-defence
. A few days since, Mr. Lyon Warden, of the
Almshouse in Marlboro’ Moss., fooling a little Un
well, drank from a bottle which he supposed to
contain poppermint. It proved to bo bed-bug
poison. When tho mistake was discovered, efforts
woro mado to relievo him, bat without avail. The
poison was not immediate in its effects, as he lin
gered several days, but death earnest length to his
relief.
A little son of Willard A. Gray, Esq., of
Herkimer, N. Y., aged six years, was kicked in the
stomaoh by a horse, Saturday evoning, and died in
a few minutes. Before dying he revived sufficiently
to ask his father’s forgiveness for not obeying him,
when he was told not to go near the horse; but he
did not suppose tho horse would kick him when
he patted him so gently, and spoke to him so
kindly.
The jail of St. Mary’s Count}*, Md., was bro
ken open on tho night of Thursday last, and six
prisoners made their escape therefrom. The par
ties took with them a yawl bout from tho schooner
belonging to Captain George Paul, at Leonard*
towp, and it is supposed made their way to the
Virginia side of, the Potomac. The jail building
at that point is stated by the Beacon to be abso
lutely worthless.
Tho body of Mr. Crockett Steel, wlio died
yery suddenly in Wythe county, Va., a few days
ago, has been disinterred, in consequence of suspi
cions that his death was caused by poisoning. Wo
learn from the Wytheville Telegraph that an exa
mination of tho stomaoh has disclosed traces of
arsenic, and the organ and its contents were sent
to Riohmond to undergo closor chemical tests.
Recently a minister in Seneca Falls, New
York, was provod gnilty of driving a snug bargain
in horse flesh. It appears that he hired a livery
horse and wagon, was gono two days, swapping
horses six times, and came back to the stable with
the same horse he took out, having mado one hun
dred dollars by the operation.
On the 7th inst., before Harford Count}*
(Md.) Circuit Court, tho case of Jacob Shock and
wife against the Northern Central Railroad Com
pany, to recover damages for the burning of about
fifteen acres of the plaintiffs’ woodland, in April,
1854, was brought to a close. Tho jury gave a ver
dict of $1,042 ter plaintiffs.
A farmer in As tabula, Ohio, complains that
he has lately lost seven head of oattle by their
eating poisoned hay. It appears that the poison
is in tne form of ergot, a smutty excrescence which
grows on the June grass. It grows as it does on
rye, in the shape of a diseased and enlarged seed,
of dark color, varying from tho size of a wheat
grain to three-fourths of an inch long.
Mr. Guthrie, of Chicago, Illinois, has one
field of eight hundred and fifty acres of bay, on
closed with good pine board and cedar post fence.
He is cutting from other fields at least one thousand
acres besides, and oxpects to cut and pres 3 this
year five thousand tons of hay.
A convention of the representatives of some
forty banks of Wisconsin, met at Milw&ukie, on,
tbe sth instant. Tho subject of establishing a
central redemption system in Wisconsin wns dis
cussed, and a resolution was passed declaring it to
be inexpedient to inaugurate such a system at pre
sent.
On Saturday morning, a German, from Ma
rietta, in company with his brother, arrived in
Lancaster city, Pa., and put up at a hotel on Queen
street. During the night he got up in his sleep
and walked out of a third story window. He was
so badly injured that his life is’despaired of. *
A colored man, named Taylor, from Middle
town, who had recently been placed in Harrisburg
jail for selling liquor without license, and stealing
a coat, hung nimself in his cell, on Sunday even
ing, with a cord of yarn suspended from the heat
ing-pipe of his cell.
Gen. Burnet has completed his survey of
Lake Drummond, in the Dismal Swamp, under
taken with » view to discover whether it would
supply Norfolk with wator. Tho water will be
available at tho navy-yard. The Government has
furnished a party to aid in the survey.
It must have been the storeship Release—
and not Relief—which was spoken at sea a few
days ngo, with sickness on board and supplied with
medioine. Tho Relief is at the Brooklyn Navy
Yard.
The Democracy of Windham county, Vt.,
are to have a uia3S convention at Fayetteville ou
tho 20th inst. It ia expected that lion. C. M. In
gersoll, of New Hnvon, and Messrs. Stoughton and
Davenport, of Vermont, will address tho meeting.
At Richmond, Va., on Saturday, 6076 bags
coffee, cargo of tho Ann E. Grant, were sold at
auction, at prices ranging from $ll 25 to $l2 25, as
to quality. The average was about sll*7o per 100
pounds
Tho French Government has given, tho
widow of Charles Morey, the American improperly
shot by a guard in a Paris prison, $15,000 as in
demnity.
The first bale of newjcotton reached New
Orleans last year on the 15th of July. Up to tho
7th of the preseut. month no new cotton has made
its appearance there. The season has been unusually
backward.
McFarland, a well-known circus performer,
is in prison at Syracuse, N. Y., charged with a se
rious orime. Ho mado an unsuccessful attempt to
commit jmfeido on Thursday night.
.Times Dawson was accidentally killed on
•Saturday, at tho outer depot yard of tho Pennsyl
vania Railroad Company, at Pittsburgh.
*W\ C. B. Gillespie, journalist of the House
of Representatives at the last session of the Illinois'
Legislature, has been arrested and held' in $2OOO
to answera charge of purloining money from letters.
An Irishman, named Haley, was accidentally
killed on tho New Jersey Control Railroad, near
tlio old PhUlipsburg Dopot, on Saturday afternoon
last. v
The distillery of Dodworth & Co., in Cum.
minsvUle, near Cincinnati; Ohio, was destroyed by
fire on the 3d inst. Los* $20,000.
Tho loss by the recent fire at PainesriUe.
Ohio, is put down fit $lOO,OOO,
HOTICB Jtr etmRESPOSDEXTT.*
Correspondent# for “ThjPxiss” will please bnarjn
mind the following
Every communication toast be accompanied, ty' the
name of the writer. Ih order to insure correctness of
the typography, hut, one aide of a sheet ghould be
written, upon. _ ! ‘
We shall be greatly obliged to gentlemen in Pennsyl
vania and other States for contributions giving the cur
rent news ot the day in their particular localities, the .
resources of the surrounding country, the increase of
population, and any information that will bo interesting
to the general reader.
OLD BERKS STANDS FIRM. /
The Annual County Meeting of the Demo
cratic citizens of Berks, was held at Reading
yesterday week- It was one of those old
fashioned solid-gatherings which the Demo
cracy of Berks knows how to get up. Hon.
William M. Hiesteh was chosen .president*
He spoke feelingly and eloquently of the ob
jects of the meeting, and dilated at some
length upon the present positiou and luture
prospects of the party. Several other distin
’guislied gentlemen addressed the mating—
among them, J. Hagejun, J, Lawbexce,
Getz, E. L. Shith and J. K. McKentt.
lliester Clymeb, Esq., Chairman of the
Committee on Resolutions, reported the fol
lowing, which were unanimously adopted:
Resolved, That tho Domocrats of Berks, in coun
ty meeting assembled, have cause to congratulate
each other, and their fellow countrymen, upon the
last deeds and future prospects of the Democracy,
ielyiug upon truth and -principle; ‘adhering to
landmarks established by statesmen and patriots;
unwilling to pander to religious prejudice; respect
ing tho reserved rights and constitutional privileges
of every section; andcombattiog fanaticism wherever
found, we achieved in the resulfcof the Presidential
election, a peaceful victory which will leave benign
and happy influences upon the destinies of .the
country for all limetocome. Thesublime spectacle
is presented to the world of a great nation which,
under the banners of Democracy, has conquered its
own prejudices, which has redressed the wrongs and
preserved the rights of all classes and sections, and
adhered with unswerving purpose to that line of
conduct upon which depends the success of thb last
grand experiment of man’s capacity for self-govern
ment. .
Resolved, That we cling to the Constitution as
the sheet-anchor of our political safety. AVc adhere
to a strict construction of its text, and ask a rigid
enforcementof its requirements. Wisely respecting
the reserved rights of the States, it embodies 'all
that is required to secure exact Justice' to the
smallest as well as the greatest. Sovereign and
equal when the great compact was formed, by its
very provisions they remain sovereign and equal
still. Subject to th‘s stipulation was formed a
blessed Union, under which we have grown great,
powerful and happy. The party which delibe
rately resists its requirements, as defined by the
only known authority, is guilty of an attempt to
subvert law and destroy constitutional! reedom. -
Resolved, That the President of the United
States, in regard to the “ Kansas-Nebraska” ques
tion, as.well.os in his every other Act. has fully sat
isfied the hopes of the people. _ Wise, prudent,con
servative, bis administration’ is formed upon the
pure models of the earlier Presidents. Revering
law, adhering to principle, uuwiUiug to assume
dangerous prerogatives, the country has ever}'
pledge of prosperity at home and respect from
abroad. •
Resolved, That we cordially approve* of the ap
pointment of Jeremiah S. Block a 3 Attorney Gene
ral. The people of Pennsylvania recognize in Him
a worthy successor of a Gibson—the peoplo-of the *
United States will acknowledge him as at leass the
.eaual of Randolph, Taney, and other great lawyers
who have been fuspredecessors.- .
Resolved } That we wfil unitedly and cordially
support the nominations.made for State
Wllliam F. Packer, for Governor; Nimrod Strick
land, for Canal Commissioner, .'and Wm. Strong
and James Thompson, for Judges- of the Supreme
Bench—all able, qualified by experience, and
upright.* We pledge them, one and nil, a majo
rity worthy the county., and ono*which.wHl well
attest our gratification at the non&ation of Wil
liam Strong: £\ * ' "
. Resolved, That we heartily anprorp of the’de
cision of the Supreme Court-in the Bred Scoticase,
believing as we do that it establishes beyond cavil
or doubt tho true meaning and construcjlqn of the '
Constitution upon the facts as prcsentigpV wo ap
prove of it furthermore, for the* reasSfr-tjiat it
secures to our Southern brethren rig&tr.whlch
have been attempted to be denied bytofcn. ac
tuated either by misguided philanthropy
sire to create a geographical division' pf.fjgriles
which would enure‘to the benefit of bad atiSji&r .
signing politicians. ' A V
Resolved, That the public acts of thd "
Glancy Jones, our member of Congress, have
of strict accordance with Democratic
that we approve and endorse them*; thal.-sreakVc 7
unbounded confidence in his honesty and. ability,
and that in his future career as a Demasaf/he
will receive the hearty support of the DemctfqiS of
Berks. • , v r »^f
Resolved, That the indiscriminate gragtcOgor- ,
porate banking privileges, is unwise andjfeti*
Democratic; that the Democracy are 'attaeh&fiU'to
the policy laid down and adhered to by?tiies3jU -
ment-ed Shunk, which when departed frpzn,
jeopardizes the interests and rights of the'
Resolved , That the proceeds of the
Main Line should be appropriated to the
gitimate purpose—the payment of the Stats 9vbt.
Any project which will divert them, undoi^rfiat-
ever pretext, from this end, should be qraflledand
denounced by every true. Democrat.
Resolved, That we believe tfee proposed amend
ments to the Constitution, which ure to be submit
ted to a vote of the peoplo at the next election, to
be wise, expedient and necessary, and that we.wiU
give them a united and active support. " J
Resolved, That we approve of the coarse of the
State Central •Committee, upon.: thei;proposition*
mode by the, Republican candidate, fbr.lipyetnor,
for canvassing the Slate. * Against 'the established
usage of the party, and leading touo'gpod recalls,
it was rightly and wisely declined. ,
[From the New York Papers of Yesterday.]
MASONRY IN NEW YORK
Strenuous efforts have been made by the friends
of the Order to heal the Masonic difficulties which
have existed in this State since 1849. Both bodies
claiming to be *» regular” .appointed Cummitjees,
who unanimously agreed upon •• Articles of Union. ”
The Grand Lodge of which Hon. Mordeca! Mver3
is Grand Master, unanimously adopted them;
while the Grand Lodge of .which John L. Lewis,
Esq., is Grand Master,, registered them; the City
members mainly voting for, and the country mem
bers against their adoption.
A copy of the “Articles of Union” is inclosed
lor publication, that the members of the fraternity
may sco tbe exact term? os agreed upon by both
Committees. The last article was inserted hy par
ticular request of the venerable brother Rev.* Sa
lem Town.
articles op union* agreed rpox by the cojntit-
TEES FOR THE ADJUSTMENT OF MASONIC BIFFEC-
EXCE3 IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK.
*Certain events, within the jurisdiction
or the Grand Lodge of Free aitfiy&iepted Masons
of tho State of New York, have produced the exist
ence of two bodies, each claiming to be the Crand
Lodge of the State of New York, and
Whertas t The honor, usefulness and beneficent
objects of the institution have suffered, and are now
suffering by reason of the differences and disagree
ments among the fraternity of this State ;
Now, therefore, the undersigned committee?, ap
pointed by the two bodies hereinafter mentioned,
m view of amicably and permanently
differences and disagreements, to the end that the
harmony which is compatible with the true prin
ciples of Freemasonry may prevail, do mutually
assent and interchangeably subscribe to the follow
ing Articles of Union, as a proper and equitable
manner of ending such differences and disagree
ments.
And if said Articles of Union are adopted and
confirmed by the bodies respectively, to witt The
body known as the Graud Lodge iff the State of
New xork, of which John L. Lewis, jr., i 3 Graud
Master, and the body known as the Grand Lodge
of the State of New York, of which Mordeeai
Myers i 9 Grand Master, then these Articles of
Union shall be considered and constituted a fun
damental law of tbe Grand Lodge of the State of
New York.
X. That there shall be but one Grand Lodge in
tho State of New York.
2. That all proceedings bad in relation to sus
pensions or expulsions, arisiug out of tho transac
tions known as the “Difficulties of 1549,” shall bo
and are hereby rescinded, and all sucb persons as
may have been so Suspended or expelled, aro
hereby restored'to full membership, and entitled
to all the rights and privileges of Masonry. Tho
proceedings of either body, in their legislative and
judioial capacity, where they do not conflict with
each other, aro hereby confirmed.
3. That all Grand Officers and Past Grand Offi
cers of both bodies shall be considered as Past
Grand Officers and recognized as such. For the
purpose of obviating embarrassments in cases
were Lodges in both bodies have the same number,
the following plan shall be adopted : If the two
Lodges bearing tho same number cannot mutually
agree to consolidate into one Lodge, then the Lodge
having the original warrant, or warrant of senior
date, shall retain its uumbor. while the other Lodge
shall change its nuinbe and pas# to the next junior
vacant number in the list of Lodges, and its war
rant shall be so numbered, endorsed and registered.
4. That all suits at law. of whatever nature aud
kind, arising out of the aforesaid “Difficulties of
18-19,” shall be withdrawn and discontinued. Tho
expenses of both parties shall be paid from tho fund
known as the “Permanent Fund,” and tbe balance
of the moneys of tbe said Pennaneut Fund, to
gether with all interest accruing thereon, mid all
other moneys belonging to tho Grand Lodge on the
sth of June, A. D. 1849, shall be paid into and be
come, and are hereby constituted a part of the fund
known as the “Hall aud Asylum land,'* and the
Trustees are hereby authorized to make the trans
fer. Tho Hall and Asylum Fund, now held in trust
by the Grand Lodge, together with Che moneys
above-named, shall remain intact, and be applied,
with such additions and accumulations as may here
after be made thereto, to the purposes for which
said fund was croatcd.
5. That the Grand Lodge shall be composed of
all the Grand Officers, and of all such Past Grand
Masters, Past Deputy Grand Masters, Past Grand
Wardens, Past Grand Secretaries, aud P.ast Grand
Treasurers, as shall have been elected and installed
in this jurisdiction prior to June, a. t*. 5,84®, and
of tho Masters and Wardens, or the repre-euta
tives, legally appointed, of all the Lodges'Snder
this jurisdiction; and of all such Past Masters of
Lodges under this jurisdiction as shall have.beeu
eleoted, installed, and served one year in Ihe chair
a 3 Master, prior to Dec. 31, a. l 5 849
G. The Constitutions and General Regulations
shall be referred to a Committee of three from each
body, who shall mutually report, during the annual
session of a. h. 5857, such form of Constitutions and
ucnerai Regulations as may be deemed best suited
to the condition of the Fraternity, and not in Tiola
lkese articles; which Constitution end Gene
ral Regulations may bo adopted at the said Com
munication of a. l. 5857. and as further-provided
by the Constitution; until the final adoption of
which, the Constitution, as at present in force in
.this Grand Lodge, shall remain in force, except so
far as it may be effected by these artistes. .
.7. Any future. amendments to. the Constitutions
orGoneral Regulations of the Grand Lodge must
have a prospective action, and cannot effect the
rights, privileges or franchises which any-member
thereof may have acquired. - i
8. On the ratification of these Articles of Union
by ihe above named bodies, they aud all their
several subordinates shall be considered of'equally
regular masonic standing, and as-sueh are hereby
declared ,united in masonic fellowship, under one
common jurisdiction, and entitled to all t these
rights and privileges pertaining to tho fraternity
BS freely unci fully sa though no schism h«4 here
tsfon W«Wrt4i ,