By a viclprjr over your own paflkms, you save f chance of misery your friends and fel low ctriaefis, and at the fame time (lamp youi own c'tiTftifttt; with the glory. Do it, and while you re cei*-e tfife benedictions of a happy people, you will c:w>y the exalted fatisfaftion which flows from a cr L'ioufnefs of having greatly contributed to their ' felicity by the timely resumption of felf command. Remember too, we entreat you, that the birth ' of °ur nation confecr'atsd the principle for which we fought,? and which we (hall always firmly contend. The capacity of man to govern himfelf J —murder not this principle in its infancy—the • happiuefs of the human race is flaked on its pre feivation. If the experiment made by the People of the ' United States should fail, the dominion of reason mult be supplanted by the dominion of force, and ' nations be again only diliinguilhable from nations ' by th;irfuperilative misery. Forget not alio we beseech yon, that your fel low citizens have trusted their sovereignty to three dillinfl bra Kibes of government, each of which is equally the objett of their confidence, and all of which necefTury to their good—derange not the wife distribution, nor listen to the idea some times ' prefTed in support of the authority of your Honor able Hopfe, that because yoti spring immediately, ' and the other branches of government mediately ' from the people, you therefore poflefs the superior ' confidence of yom constituents. The admiflion of ' adoftrinc. so hostile to the principles of our conlli tution gives caule of suspicion, that its annihilation ' would not be a disagreeable event to those who urge it. The greatest poflible evil whiah, in our judgment canbefal our country,is thediflolution of theunionof , the United States ; next to that is,the deftru&iono f : our government ; and next in the doleful recital is ' war—The last (if your choice) will very probably produce the firlt. On tlx? decision of your honor able body, upon this momentous question' relts, our delliny—Regard with afFection your fellow citizens —We commend you to the protection of the Su preme Ruler of the Universe—and as in duty bound will ever pray. Cj" The above was signed by all the inhabitants eonvened, excepting 3, and thro' the county, with I the fame unanimity. AIN A C T Authorizing a loan for the use of the City of IVajhing lon, in the dijlriß of Columbia, and for other pur poses therein-mentioned. Sec I H lt ena^ h the Senate and House JL> of Reprcfefltaiives of the United-States . of America in Cotigrefs ti/fembled, That the Coin- it miflioners, under the a£l intituled "An aft for cf- ' tablifhing the temporary arid permanent lea! of the , government of the United States,'' be, and 'hey are 11 hereby authorized, under the direction of th'- Pre sident of the United States, to borrow, from time to time, such sum or ftims of money, as the said Pre sident shall diredt, riot exceeding three hundred thousand dollars in the whole, and not exceeding two hundred thousand in any one year, at an inter est not exceeding Hk per centum pi amiuui, and reimbnrfable at any time after the year one thou sand eight bundled and three, by instalments, not exceeding one fifth of the whole sum borrowed, in any one year; which said loan or loans shall be ap propriated and applied by the said commiflioners, in carrying into effe£t the above recited AA, un der the controul of the President of the United States. Sec. 2. And be it further enafltd, That all the lots, except thole now appropriated to public use in the said city, veiled in the commiflioners aforefaid, or in trustees in any manner, for the use of the U nited States, now holden and remaining unfold, shall be, and are hereb} declared and made charge able with the re-payment of all and every sum and sums of money, and interell thereupon, which shall be borrowed in putfnance of this adt; Arid to the end that the fame may be fully and punctually re paid, the said lotl, or so many of them as shall be necefTary, (hall be fold and conveyed at such times, and in such manner, and on such terms as the Pre sident of the United for the time being, shall : And the monies aiifing from the (aid sales fhalFbe applied and appropriated, under his diie&ion, to thedifcharge of the said loans, after firft paying the original proprietors, any balances due to them, refpe&ively, according'to their seve ral conveyances, to the faill commissioners or trus tees. And if the product of the stiles of the said lots (hall prove inadequate to the payment of the principal and interest of the sums borrowed" under this adt, then the deficiency shall be paid by the U nited States, agteeably to the terms of the said loans,; for it is expressly hereby declared and pro vided, that the United States shall be liable only, for the re-payment of the balance of the monies to be'borrowed under this aft, which shall remain anfatisfied by the sales of all thelots aforefaid, if any such balance shall thereafter happen. Sec. 3. And be it further enabled, That every purchaser, or purchasers, his or their heirs or af figns,'from the said commiflioners or trustees, un der the direction of the said President, or any of the lots herein before mentioned, after paying the price and fiiltilling the terms stipulated and agreed to be paijj and fulfilled, shall have, hold and enjoy the said 1-pt o- lots, so bought, free, clear and exonera ted fn»m the charge and incumbrance hereby laid u pon t he fame. Set!. 4. And be itfurther enaßcd, That the com miflioners aforefaid shall, femi-annually, render to thefecretary of the Treasury, a particular account of the Receipts and expenditures of alimonies intrud ed to them, andalfo, the progress and state of the business, aid of the funds under their adminiftrati tion ; und that the said Secretary lay the fame be foi'e,CiJngrefs,at every feflion after the there of. 1 Jonathan Dayton, Speaker ef the House of Reprefentativer. John Adams, Vict-Prefidentof the United States, and President of the ISenate. Approved—May the lixth 1796. Go: Washington, President of the United States. Deposited among the Rolls, in the office of the department of State. Thoothy Pickering, Secretary of Slate, P biladelpbia, < FRIDAY EVENING, \taj 20, 1796. A few days since we published from a Connefti- \ cut paper, an account of American vessels lately . captured l>y the French. The Aurora of this ' morning introduces the lift with the following re marks S i "We have frequently hinted that it could not be ' expected that France would long remain quiet fuf- ! ferars under the effects of our partial neutrality It is undeniable that every in»afion of our rights by the ' British, which remained unredreffed, encouraged ' further injury, and that so far as our trade with ! France was concerned, (he must have fuffered fiom j our puiillanimity. Retaliation was consequently to be expedted ; it is deferred. Some evidences of it begin to bff felt, witness the following, cxtradtcd from c Connecticut paper. Effects of the pusillanimity of our Executive, and recoil of British depredations—" v A Correspondent handed us the following remarks. The above obfervationj, in plain English, amount to this. An unarmed traveller is robbed 011 the road, ' of one half of- his property, by a gang of armed 1 plunderers : in confequenee of which, his pretend ed friends, but in fail another let of armed plun- ' derers, rob him of the. other half, in revenge of th: ' loss he had before fujlained. Rifum &c. The enemies of our government have often de clared that they do not wilh for war, but here we fee the seizure of our vessels and property by the French, isjuflifieti as a deserved retaliation, because we have preferred neutrality to war. " Some evidences of it begin to be felt'' fays the Aurora. Had the least trait of impartiality ; ever governed the publications of fads refpefting depredations on our trade, it would have appeared, that, in proportion to the means poffefled by the two powers, lo annoy our trade, -we have fuffered more by the French than by the Briiifh. The memorial lately presented to Congress, by the Merchants of Philadelphia, refpefting lofTes by | the French, which has never been noticed by tke j Aurora, contains a statement, which, taken In all its parts, cannot be equalled. This, according to the Aurora, is "a recoil of British depredations" to the tune of more than two millions of dollars. It is a species of patr'totfm new under the fun, that the plundering of the Merchants of America, by any nation whatever, should be julliti. d by her own citizens. We are assured, that the Message of the Prefi Jdent of the United States to the Senate, which con .joined the nomination of Mr. King a.id Mi. Htmfy. rfiys, [iditth-il in mill 1 1 iln '1 rim "■llate.r, th!h those nominations weie made i;i Ife tuence of the requelt, refpeftrvely, of Mr. Pinck iLey and Mr. Short, to recatfcii. Died, at iiis house near Tellico block-km , JTenneffee, ScoLACtiTT.fi', commonly called fir *g Maw, a great, 5c beloved chief of the Cbct. k es, fKPd ahoiit_£i_years. A man diltinguifbed for his love c»f p-raiv, a . exertions for its preservation, betwerri his nattui and the United States. In his death Humanity has loft an ablefupporttv Humanity, ccleftiaj nai»e, -More glorious than the H :ro's fame : What, in luxurious scenes re fin \l, Ennobles thus the human mind ? Tho' all the polijh 1 d arts we b.aft, Were in one generaiciia s loit, This -virtue would their place fiipply, And keep the founts of sorrow dry. AN ORATION Will be delivered for tho I emfit of the " Phi ladelphia Society, for t e i foimar 0 ' r-ffiftatjcf of persons emigrating from foreign unfiles," on Sunday Evening, the 22d jnftairt, at ? '(.'.-lock, a: ' the Baptist Meeting Hi iHle in Secomid -St ect, I By MORGAN J RHt£". Proper A nth', ms ar- kpefted to be Su on the occalion, by the Urafuan Society. M„y 10. A Staled Meeting of the Phih fophical S »cit ty will be held at their Hrli this Everi'io. ROBERT PATTERSON, Secretary. May 20. r PORT OF PHILADELPHIA. ARKirKD. days, j Ship John, Turner, Liverpool 50 . Schr. Flying Fish, Naddell, from acruii . r Sloop Planter, Hefs, New Providence 13 s An inward bound (hip was fcen below, name j unknown. f Capt. Tinker, of the brig Crut>e/, from Trini dad, May 5, lat. 27, 52, fp ke ship Dauphin, r Reed, N. York, from Georgia to Jamaica, out ■_ 15 days, all well. - Sale postponed, e ' /~\N account of the rainy weather, the lale of the e e state (late Mayo's) at Germantown, advt.'ifed to be fold the iSth, is postponed till Saturday next, the 21ft instant, when it will be fold on the premises at j 2 o'clock. May 19] JOHN CONNELLY, Auctioneer. For the Gazette of the United States. Mr. Fenno, Mr. Bache in his -morning paper, hath, in the rrioft bare faced manner declared, that the French Re public are right, in taking American vessels l ounii r e to, or from a>y pert belonging to the English, be cause of our " partial neutrality''and wonders file d had not done it before. Now Citizens, do you doubt the truth of the intelligence from Pavis, that certain citizens were bringing on us the cut fe of ■■ war, either with France or England, when you fee e theirvery Bache and his Junto admit to the I renuh a right to'capture our property ? Can it be a ooefiion but the fame, "needy" and ?verj "patriot" from the highefl down to a print er a devil, are the very citizens intimated in the Pa- t "J let -er ? and if the present cripple (late p.f France t Ihould prevent an open declaration of hostilities a - pjnft us, because we dared to be independent of c her and of the whole vroild, she is however jujlified tl in taking our veflels, notwithstanding our neutrality. ft Does any man want further proof of the friend- tl fhtpof these patriots to France,and their enmiity to ti America, iuch publications ? If she does 1 t truft it will not be long before the quantum ef dol- 1< lars allow to each "needy pitriot" will be made manifeft. In the mean time the lilts of the captu- ti red vcfiels and cargoes by our French favorites will' i S must be highly gratifying to the owner 9, and every > n independent Americans. Keep us from such bans o ful and hateful fraternity, fay I. g AMERICANUS. t< BY THIS DAY'S MAIL. >< ■ n NEW-YORK, May 18. « Mr. Vincent, who is appointed Minifterof France P to the United States, was formerly an Officer in the n Corps of Engineers. si Gen. Cojirtois, charged with being the author , a of the French Jifalters before Mentz, has been, f ' sentenced by a Court Martial to 3 m.nths impri- 1 fonment. si I'f Clubs at Nantz and Angers, connected with 1 that of the Pantheon, have been shut Up by J Kdche. a The Executive of France now profeyite five Printers of pamphlets and papers, where niLliy of Great Britain do one. 'Fhe Fiench pa- pers are infinitely more abusive than any of thtj ' English or American ; and those foi I; libels which, in the opinion of our over- c triots, have been so tyrannical in Great Britain/' are now more frequent in Paris.—A proof that ' the boalled diftfn&ion between a Republican 'and Monarchical Government is not half so much in fa- ' vor of freedom as is commonly supposed. 4 little ' moie opportunity for seditious men to fejves, and a little more exasperation of parjieNki j r this country, would introduce liinilar in the United States. j> It is thus that attempts to push liberty to extremes, j c has, in every free couutry, been the direst of 1 introducing arbitrary Government. Violent ' (ition to Government-, generates the necellity more force to keep the public peace. It is thus ' that Liberty abused, becomes the immediate cuuftf e of tyranny. 1 FRANCE. The State of France at the date of our last ac- I conns,.was as follows: The Legislative Body and Diretto<y busy in" refloring fnme order to the fi nances. Mandats to the amount of 2400 millions' 1 iiv.res had been proposed by the Diredtory as a fub litute tbr afltgnuts and coin—the propbfstisn vas < kdopjed. They are ifTued on the credit of the na. | lion il property, and fpecic and affignats prohibited I circulation. [ i'his expedient refemhles in a degree the rwiv cwfcm of bills ifTued by the American after tlie former emiflions had funk to almost no thing.] Tlit proposal to limit the liberty of the press, on account of the licentiousness of public Gazettes, has not succeeded- The council passed to the order of the day. I'irties equally violent and unforgiving as form erly. I'his renders necefTary all the vigilance of Government, and severe restraints. The terrorists in Paris and the royalitfs in the South and Weft, keep the country in perpetual feiment. We how ever hear of no want of provisions. The expefled scarcity has br< ught supplies of corn from all parts of :he African coal! and the Levant. GREAT BRITAIN. The 'lanquility of that country has not been disturbed. We hear very little of inlurreftions or reforms of Parliament. The price of corn in ra rious parts of England had fallen. The Farmers had kept it, till la*ge supplies from abroad had ar rived, or were expedited, and of courl'e find it neces sary to fell or rifle a loss. InftrreiStions a/id riots fn Ireland frequent as uiual. Numerous hands of defenders start up in various places, and make work for the bayonet and halter. Scarcely a paper which does not announce work of this kind. REMARKS On Harr iNGTON,_/>'«m the Minerva—-published at New T rk. j This fame Harrington has been for several weeks combatting my aflirtions,except when he has step ped alide to encouuter the Prcfident's message or fume member of Cungrefs. His remarks soon con ' vinccd mr that he did not know what he was about and that it was to take any notice of him.— But ihe foregoing eXtract is so much to the point ; so full and explicit in favor of my firft afTertion, that 1 cannut omit thanking the writer for the trouMe he has taken to Tupport my opinion. He has feletted the strongest proofs of the truths of wlm I advanced, afid indeed he has saved me the trouble of collecting further proof. Harrington has proved, that the Southern dates had not within t'- mleWes the means of felf defence — that a?few th 11 fan . Britilh troops, which never a mounted'to a third of their force in Amciica, laid wafttf and ravaged those llatetf for two or throe years that all the force of those ft at es could not drive them frt>m their territory—in short he hss demonstrated that the Southern slates did not and could no.'pro test themselves. The Northern and Southern t -oopsaod a body of French finally rid the fou theVn states of the Brilifh armyi Had one half of the Britifli force which attacked the Northern states 1 in various points, been originally fellt to the Sou- ; them, and those states had been left to themselves, 1 they must have been conquered and been .Milftto- ; ment Bri ifh provinces. 1 have heard it a hundred 1 times acknowledged by candid gentlemen in those ; states, that withpuMtie aid of the Northern states, 1 • hey could not have defended therafelves. The ve- c ry beef which subsisted the troops before York-town i was, a great portion ef it, fe«t from MalTachufetts 1 and Conne&ict. I The Britifii /orce which a fled again ft the nor thern dates was usually two and three times greater than the fotce ever employed aaainft the Southern —yet they never,-except i . the cafe of Burgnyne, could deep more than one night out of tlie teach of their (hip* gui\s.Birr ( royne,withanaYtayof//oj/i/r the strength of that which laid waste three or four Sou them Hates, for two years, marched several miles in* to the country, and maintained himfelf a week or two, after leaving the lake, before he was compel led to surrender, with all his army. i will venture another aflertion, which 1 believe to be the truth, that the force which ravaged three Southern 'states, during whole campaigns, ceuld not have remained on the territory of tie fmstlltjl of the Esftein states beyond the tench us their fh■ ■■ i guns, and exposed to'the fotce of (hat flute only, for two weeks. Far be it from me to derogate from the honor or merits of the Southern troops. They were excel lent troops, though their numbers werefmall—and no bettar. officers ever commanded picn, than those states furnifhed. My aflertion goes only to this point, that the principal meant ofdefer.ee were fur nifhed by the northern states—the Biitifh bent their force on this account, against the northern states, and agrcat proportion of the reliftance made to that force, was of course made in the Northern states. The meaning of the aflertion, " the Northern states fought the battles of the Southern," is that the Northern states made the principal reflltance—a fact .that the Southern people thcmfelves acknowledge, and which, during the war, was never questioned. Harrington fays, that " trade in the Southern states, and even cultivation was suspended—the nor- from the din of arms.'* True, but this proves what I alTeit. The enemy Bever could penetrate into the Northern states—they could and did overrun the Southern. This then is evidence "that- the northern states themselves—the Southern could not. Had the means of defenfe existed in the Southern State8 # the brave officers, mentioned by Harrington, Morgan, Marion, Pickens, Lee, W. Washington, L»nd others, would soon have commanded those jmeanTand expelled the enemy. No better offieers lived ; they did all they could do—and Gen. whose ability and a&ivity are every where ceh\ated, performed wonders. Hut those fates did nokfarnijh the means of defenfe, and .officers could no(Create therri. With these remarks I quit Harrington—his own Votings, if he knew how to apply facts, would ensfcjlifti my afiertions in his mind, as they do, in publtcHtginion. From the Albany Gazette. McfiVs. Printers, 1 have read with considerable pleasure the letter of General Smith to his conftitiientiof Baltimore, publiflied in your paper of this day. It is a sensi ble, severe, but delicate reptoof of ihe weakness and folly of a particular body of men, who presume to indruft and didlate to their rcprefentati-vc, to whom for the term of two years, they had entrusted their prote&ion, their public cares, and their political will. General Smith places the fubje& on a footing calculated to expose the abfarditv of the measure, without alarming certain prejudices which prevail more oriels in all parts of the Union, but particu larly in some of the southern states, where the warm temper of their politics is ftili fomew*hat at vari ance with knowledge and good fenle. He seems to allow the validity of inftrudtions in general, provi ded they are deliberate, well digested, and calculat ed to preclude surprise. It was proper, perhaps,in his particular filiation, to yield to this misconcep tion—Let us therefore pass it to the account of hi* ptudence and delicacy, and give him credit for a sen timent, which he hesitates toexprefs. As we advance and improve in political science,' I presume that a truth which is already tolerably well received among perfonsof the best discernment will be better and better understood by the people at large, that is, that inftruftions to representatives in a legislature are inadmiffable in principle and perni cious in practice. It will be found perhaps that they tend to defeat one great object of delegating power, which is to have, in our public affairs, the advantage of a better judgment than we ourselves can form; and to discharge OBe of the principal securities in republican government—-I mean re sponsibility. I have found among fo«ie old manuscript notes 1 took when at fcheoJ, the following answer of Lord Percival, formerly member of Parliament for West minster, to inlfru&ions sent him by his cosftituents. I like this rather better than the answer of Mr. Smith, as it is an honest and absolute declaration of the principle, on which that gentleman's mind seems to balance. Indeed in my short range I have met with nothing of the kind more nobly conceived or nearly expressed/ AN OBSERVER. Menday evening. Answer of Lord Peicival. " Gentlemen, " You are welcome upon all occasions, and I look upon this application as a frefh instance of yourfriendfhip. As 1 never concealed my princi ples from you, so 1 will never depart from them.— The only motives that direst my eondudt are the preservation of the constitution of my country, the security of the present royal family upon the throne and the common liberty of Europe : These view*.. I shall always think infeparab'.e : In the prosecu tion of them, my judgment sometimes may—my heart shall never fail me. I remember, on my part, that to your independent voice ! owe my feat in parliament—on yours, you will not forget that I ought to be independent there. When I differ from your sentiments, 1 (hall do it with great rt luAar.ce, and then only when I am convinced that your true interest must extort it from me. In such a cafe, the crime is equal to flatter popularity, or to cort pwer—lt becomes me to refpeft both ; but it it my duty to follow neither beyond those Jimitf which the circumstances of time, prudence, neuef fity and the public fafcty may dctetmine.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers