F<,r the Gazette of the Unite d States REI'IEW of tit SESSION,/ coyaxsss THE proceedings of the Selfion oi Congrefi which \yiij thil day terminate, are too interfiling to our fellpvy-cit • sens to he paired over in silence. We have the more pleafnre in briefly review jug them, as "e find that the j;ood which has been done this Sedion is fchiefly owing to those fame patriotswho Lear the close of the Session before the eport was agreed to ; and had it not Men for the perfeveriug efforts and re peated exertions of that member, and \ few others, this business, intereiling as it is to the nation, would have been for the present, defeated. While the continuation of the necessary revenues for this purpoff was tinder difcufiion, the then Secretary of the Treasury, Mr. Hamilton, sent in a v«fry able re port, which, in addition to a variety of valuable rratter, evinced the necessi ty of these revenues, without however diminishing the opposition to tbem. This report recommended to Congrefi fcTci'iil important poults, lonie of which were incorporated in the ail for the re dudion of the debt. By that act, a jinking bund is constituted, compoferi of the furpluffes' of revenue—of tht bank dividends, and ot the proceeds o! the V\ eitern lands, when fold. This fund will not only amply fuffice to pay off )o much of the fix per cent, anr deferred debt as the government has tht right to redeem, bu' will leave an over plus for purchases of flock in the mar ket. To prevent the misapplication, >r division of this fund, frem its inten led wfe, the monies belonging to it are r -trfrr*- <» iljx. - -G'vnrrmficiu ts of the Sillk cpiefentativu, where it was so modified >"g Fund, as property, in truji, to be as to exclude foreigners f rom a parfici- applied to the discharge and redempti pation of political rights, until a long °'l of the debt; a*d the faith of the term of probation and the proof of good government is solemnly pledged, that moral character and principles should 'hey shall be inviolably applied'to that entitle them thereto. purpose, and no other. Tho' this pro- The military iJijMfhment has been vifiori was the best in the ad, and the rendered more adequate to the effedual j key-ffone of the fyllcm, it was oppof defence of the frontiers by increasing I ed with a warmth whkrh could only the pay and bounty. The fame spirit j Have been expeded from those who which for several years has llimulated wished the debt never to be discharged ; to an attempt to substitute militia alto- j and which aftoniftied, bv the quarter gether to regulars for the frontier ope- j from which it came. The invariable rations, induced an attempt at tin's Sef- ! experience of those countries which are ■ (ion to reduce the Weltern army ; but j groaning under enormous debts, ouuht the recent example of its success, its to have admonished every reasonable decided f.ipenonty over militia in ma- 1 mind, that to leave the monies of a ny respects, and particularly in the ar- I Sinking Fund liable to be diverted, on of f made a defeat of the | every occasional exigency, from ' the attempt almott a matter of couife. The purpbfes of its institution, would be advantages derived from that army have to defeat every serious effort to get out been confirmed by the application for of debt, The reasonableness of the IT" a y , 1 I'', J '' d ,' an tr ' b " Wh ° Werc th ' ng ' and the exertions e f the friends ' l f' e mo(l .holt, e before they were chaf- of the fyltem, prevailed over an oppo tiled by it ; the impolicy of withdraw- fition, founded on a pretended zeal lor t.ig our forces at the moment of vidory, the liberty of the House of Rewefen would have b«e» only equalled by-TTre farfmrto'do arrTuTiiToinTs plVatureT ridiculous affedation of those who pre- Fortunately a fyltem is now established tend that n small army is inconfiflent which does no lei's honor to the wisdom with our liberties and patriotism of its promotes, than Ihe act providing for calling forth it refleds luflre on the government of the militia to suppress infurrcdions, is the United States. To establish a Sink varied from the former law, by leaving ing Fund, inviolable and unalienable, it to the discretion and responsibility of which it to be Jleadily applied to the tie executive to judge of the exigency, redudion of ihe national debt, until imtead of as in the former the whole.of it be discharged and ad, a certificate of a judge. The re- which fund is competent to the dif medywil thus be nut only more prompt charge of the whole debt, within a but Ids liable to be obtruded by the fiort period of years, is a great and glo reludance or hesitation of a Judge to rious measure, the example of which give the neceTTaiy certificate. is firit given by the United States tc she act for the relief of the Western the nations of Europe. citizens whose property was delfroyed _ The sale of the Western Lands will, by the liifurgenU, was as just as it was it is hoped, hereafter confiderahlv in political, and will be attended with ob- crease the strength of {he Sinking Fund, vionfly good efftds. The fufferers aie : A bill, for opening land offices in the however confidcred as bound to prose- territories North anj South of the O cute the offenders and recover what j mo, was reported to the House, but they can, which they are to account for; the delay produced by tlx; oppolition the proviiion made fc. them by Con- which has been mentioned, occafionec gitls being only to, a fiord them a te m- a podponemcrt of it to the next Sef. pornry aid, and to indemnify them a- fion. But this fund will nut yield * al ! , a , ny f " ,ure r ° fs * ln the event of much, if the (peculations in the terri their failing to recover, of which how- tory fuld by Georgia should draw ad ever there is httle profped, the offend- venturers to that quarter: It is ima ers being said to be competent. gined, however, and not without rea. 1 o fee tire peace on the frontiers, a son, that the energetic measure., con reftraint of the whites is found lndifpen- templated by the government of the fable ; the sales of lands by the Hate of United Stales, will altogether difap Georgia will encreafe the necessity of point the projects of the pu,chafers « vigorous restraints, or war with the that territory. molt formidable tubes will be unavoid- A new militia system was also bro'i able. This is among the most difficult forward ; but a difference of fentimem items of legislation, a timid policy con- on a fundamental principle, and th< fhntly withholding those _ regulations lateness of the Session, induced a post. which can alone curb the licentious. ponement to the next Coimrefs •In There are few objeds more dtfirable the mean time, a thousand 'copies o than the liberation of our'fellow-citizens the bill are printed, in order to be dif now in captivity at Algiers, and the tributed throughout the states anc lafety of those who may navigate here- thereby to invite information, and ob after in the vi»initv of the Mediterrane- tain the sentiments of the people oa ■ an. o obtain both these objects Con- Li ct as difficult as it i. intercttinjr gref, ba\e at the present Sdfion, W ith Several other matters eil'e^'tli, alacrity, concurred in such.measure, as atte.tion of Congrcls, Se S t en E ;v r e cc rr;S i xfcu f,on - : s ° me *** ** on \ A a „ " -° °P cl ' 2t| - orating the revenues of the Uuitet \ i i • , commerce and navip"ation • thu r is to Squill Carolina, . "* """" " ">£%' *< prevented the mi/ibitf which was near being done at the hj}. The moll pro minent measures of the present Selfion, are an atlthoiity tj the President to Na tion troops at Pittlburgh, the rij 'urali lation bill, the military ellablilhment, the a<sl for calling forth the militia to suppress infurre<£lions and repel inva Cons, a provisional relief for the good citizens whole property was dellroyed in the Wedern country by the infurg erts, some further regulations for the securing of [seace on the frontiers by Teftraining the lawless inhabitants of those regions, a provilion to facilitate a loan for the Adeline negociations, and theaifl for the further support of pub lic credit and the redemption of the public debt. The fit nation of the Western country so evidently ealled for the firft measure that it was agreed to without opposition in both houses. The naturalization bill was introduc ed '■ y a mc Tiber whose chief object ap peared to be the exclusion ot foreigners from the commercial advantages enjoy ed by American citizens, but a more enlarged and beneficial operation was .vas refo'ved by the house, that further jiovition ought to be made for the re tlutfion the del»t. , The' the report «f the committee, appointed to prepare a plan, was made early in the Selfion, it encountered so much opposition, a.id. from those who iiad always been the moil clamorous for i reduction of the debt, that it was To the Jlpt rojt of the Gaxelte of the JJnSied States. < S I R, YOUR ingenious and modejl corfe fpoiident, " A Friend to the Arts," ! hr.s profely ted me entirely, to his fide . of tbe question. Who would think of j |Mtnmizing > a parcel of demi-favage art j ills of America, when men " of cha ta&er, »nd known abilities," from Great-Britain, condescend to come a mong us ? Such a difinterejled condudl, independent of every other confidera tron, entitles the gentlemen who cum pofe the Anglo-Columbianum, to evety encouragement and liberality from the I thinking part of our citizens. When gentlemen of their known " talents, integrity, and genius," forfake, their ' own country, where honors and rewards j wereJhowered down upon th<m, to con tribute their stock to the advancement | and improvement of our country, who j is there among us, that would with- j hold their pnrfe, fiom such diftnterejled \ adventurers ? What a character fiiould we not acquire abroad, did we ntgleft |to patronize gentlemen who aie so I " ambition* to render us service by their | abilities !" Think of the consequences fhotild they ".return home with dif- I gull and indignation 1"—All Europe would resound with our brutality, in hofpitality, and ingratitude;" and they would conlider lis as little better than Anthropophagi, below the level of " savages, or wild beaits." Sir, I shudder at the consequences that would result to the United States, should the gentlemen who compose the Anglo- Columbianum abandon their purfuiu, and denounce us in Great Britain ! i Their talents, their consequence, their gvnius, and their injluence, would put a Itop to every emigration to this coun try, and in future we should not have even a scavenger, who would truit him fclt in. our barbarous land—Heaven! the very idea " freezes my young blcod !" Some rude and untaught creatures among us, hare prcfumed to censure the gt ntlemen, who are at work, in he half of our country, for such profufe commendations of their o<wn " genius, talents, and integrity but for my own part, I think it very proper ; for as they are strangers among us, if they did not praise themselves, their merits might remain unknown, and they might " blush unseen, andA«rrte their sweet ness in the diflant air." • Sir, I am of opinion that Mr. Peale'i conduct is highly exceptionable, more especially as he is Treasurer of the fo cmy for the ►- JW i Srtt, tnUt ttic man who will not encourage foreigners, at the expence of his own countrymen, nay at his own ex pence, is as enemy to h ; » country, and an enemy to the promotion of emigra tion—Let Mr. Peale, in future, beware of such inconsistency ! The society who hold their meetings at v.he City-Hall, at the City-Hall 1 fay, designated by the name of Columbian um, are right worthy gentlemen, and deserving of encouragement ; for every man of tnjie and sentiment Ihould plant and cultivate an exotic in preference to the flirubs of his native foil. Did I need an accoucheur, I certainly would prefer one from the Columbianum ; for the Dr. Slops,of this country are not worth a bawbee ! ! ! BRITANNICUS. March 3d, 1795. CONGRESS. HOUSE of REPRESENTATIVES. Saturday, 28th February. Mr. New from the committee of en rolments, reported the following bills. An a& relative to the pafling of coast ing veflels between Long Island and Rhode Island. An aft to continue in force for a li mited time the aft* therein mentioned _An relative to ceSioiu of jurif diAion in place* where light hdufea, beacon*, buoy* and public pier* have been, or may hereafter be ere&ed and fixed. , An aft for the relief of William Sey mour. j Dr. Beatty, at several times, both , this day, and yesterday, moved that the hill cmendatory of the " aft laying duties upon carriage* for the convey ance of perfoni," reported by him a few days lince, should be taken up. The preflure of ether more important buli tiefs before the House prevented hii motion from fuccecding, fa that this bill may be expected to stand over in Us present ftiape till the next session. It was moved that the House ftould resolve itfelf into a committee on the bill for eftablilhing trading hoafes for the purpose of supplying the Indian nations, wubin the territory of the Uni- er! States. This was done accordi.rg y, Mr. Sherbourne in the chair. Mr. Giles theiV moved to tlrike out he firft section. Mr. Goodhue wished to move that .lie committee should rile, to which Mr. Siles agieed. Mr. Goodhue then (aid, .hat his reason for this motion was the bsfore them. To attempt going' thre' k'er go through itns feilion. He did not fur his own part yet knew whether it was proper or not. Mr. Parker rose next. It was with difficulty that cither til's gentleman or Mr. Goodhue could be heard, which is here mentioned as an apology, if ny "<). Mr. Parker said that the bill had been long enough before the House for the gentleman from Massachusetts to have made hirrfelf acquainted with its contents, and its merits. He vindica ted the principle of the bill, as tending to conciliate the affections of a distres sed and unhappy people, and as it might liktwife prevent the expences jf a war, with them. France, Britain and Spain, had adopted this policy, and found the good effc&s of it. He conlidered the bill as of the utmost co/ifequence, a thinking so, he should exert £is influence to get it pad. The Cxpenc c proposed was not great, as th e affai r was only experimental. Mr. Montgomery was of the fame opinion with the gentleman who spoke last. He thought that the Indians Lad common sense enough not to quit allies who supplied them with articles which they wanted, till we also made f< me effectual eftablifhnent of that kind. The member went on the fame ground with the gentleman who spoke last. Mr. Boudinot thought thai the rea son given by Mr. Goodhue for moving that the committee should life, viz. thai gentlemen "would not attend to their di.tv, was the very worll Im.'gini'iie. What did the House meet for at all ? It wa< the duty of the chair to compel them to mind their bulinefs. Mr. Boudr i not, who was himfelf but very ind f tinftly heard, their referred to fome nting which had been said by Mr. Swift who had been upon his legs jult be fort Mr. Boudinot, and of wLofe remark; we had not been able to hear one fen tence diilinclly. Mr. Boudinot, in re ply to this gentleman, said, that ht would not wish to press the bill thi; feflion, if members did not think it pro per. He was willinpr. if for one year to the President. But there never would nor could be a complete peace till fomethin r of this kind was done. The Prefidcnt himfelf has told you as much. Mr. Giles said, that the thing could not be got through this fefiion. He was willing to take the queition either in the firft way that he had moved it, or in the other. This was a moil im proper time of the fefiion to bring it in. Mr. Murray hoped that the commit tee would feriouflv attend to the tirft clause in the bill, and would not rife. He felt the (hortnefs of the time, but he was willing to devote to-morrow (Sunday) to this fubjed, and he trust ed, the importance of it would give the employment a solemnity not inconfift.' ent with the day. Without a bill to eltablifh a well guarded intercourse with the Indians, the frontier policy will be unsystematic and despicable. To com plete the system, it appeared to him, that three great objeds are to be em braced. First, force, to protest the frontier from Indian fiivaiion—Tfb'r "lhi» the military establishment is made. Se cond, a regulation by law, that (hall res train the frontier people from predatory invalion into the Indian country, carry ing law and settlement hand in hand. Third, the eftajjliftimentbf trading boufct under the influence of the two full parts of the system, for the purpose of conci liating the Indians, by supplying their wants, and detaching their . habits of trade and their affe&ions from a foreign nation. With these three points em braced in one system, he had no doubt but their co-ojeration would produce the great objed, peace on the frontier. Without the last, the other parts of the system would be totally inefficient. Mr. Hillhoufe said, that the house ought to begin at the right end of the fubjeft, by reversing the vote which the eommittee parted yesterday, authoriz ing the frontier people to pass the line in pursuit of the Indians, as often as they pleased. If this was allowed, it would be impofiible ever to keep the peace. On a division (lull the committee now rife. A r« 35. Noe. The qutftion was then put by the g- Speaker,_fh all the committee have ! cavc to fit agarri ut Ayt« Noes , at But it wa« presently remarked, U, at [r. fomegentlemen had risen hothi at th« d, ayes and noes. Othej# had been with, le out the bar. The numbers were theie fs fore taken over again and Hood this »' A r« ; ?6." e. Noes e- The bill is therefore thrown out. d The »ie«v bill, as to the mode of - col. tr lefting the duties on Tnuffand f u .. 2r was read a third time, the blanks filled Ij up, and the bill passed. )r Mr. Hn'fter cafled for the fecorid j s reading of the report of the f-Ucf \ t l , m . y mittee, on the memorial furm the iiig ar . refiners, Thj: committer on ihis. iub j je£t weie, Mr. Baldwin, Mr. Hnfllev, , r and Mr. Heißw. The Hon fed id nut Q take up this memorial, but proceeded :4 to the unfinifhed business before them. 1 his was the refoljjhon mentioned in g our account of the debate of yctterday, .vith Mr. Venable's amendment. When t the qieftion was going to be taken 011 > it, Mr. Venahle rose, and pointed out tjie difference «f opinion between two e gentlemen, who w.re both opposed ts e hit am: Anient. One of them, Mr. i ;^ r dg w| ck, maintained, that when I individual Indians, Unauthorized by (he e rfft °f their tribe, crofied the line, and r committed depredations, a feeler was by the law of nations, authorized to pursue them aerufs the line, and .retaliate, a, d ; tl,at ,t "' implied in the bill. Mr. j Hillhoufe had materially differed from' him, and agreed with Mr. Venable, in > fuppofiiig that the perion f„ p , ir fuing I atl " fs t 1 " I'ne. pin ifhable by the refohition, as it flood, without the a mendment. He then reminded the House, that this frontier line was per haps fifteen hundred miles long. The Indiai s may come over at any part of it, while thecitizent of the United Stat.« are not to be allowed to ciofs it oi,« mile, in purfnit ; even a man in pursuit of linages, who miy have have carried v€ his wife, and children may be Hep ped. The-amendment he regarded ss cffential. Military officers may judre upon the spot, whether fuel, pencils whom they meet beyond.tbc line, in pursuit of Indians, are within the feofe of the aft or not. ( Mr. Ames denied that the refutation as it firft (food, took away the tight of a man to pursue the indiai,s, fn order to recover his wife and children. But the amendment of Mr. Viable went to legalize all those a die ofvk.lence !**"•"«»• ' ~r» cenfnrv pafl, have 1 deluged the frontier in blood. Mr. Lyman .vindicated the Inhabi tants of the frontier. If the Indians are so unfoitunnte as to be the dupes of other nations,, (viz. the Spaniards aid Britilh,) that is not our fault. The frontier people, from time to time have done every thing in their power to keep them in peace. Mr. Hillhoufe opposed the amend ment. Mr. M'Dovs-cl] said, tljat weekly and daily murders were committed by the Creeks, in the diitiia ofMero, an.i on the foiith-weftern territory. Do the Umred States avenge theft muiders > No. Do they demand back the pro perty earned off ? No. Instead of any fatisfa&ion to the people, their charac ters are abused on this floot. The fron tier people know that their happirefj confifls in peace, and therefore cultivate it as much as they can. He took a general view of the fubjeft, and explain ed the inftpnilicance of the polls at present held by the troops of the United States, for any_pu*pofe of pratcSion. He noticed the inveterate hatred of the Indians against the whites, and their innate thirst of blood. Mr. Mo#re went on the fame grounds. Mr. Giles did not Tike the harsh stile assumed by some gentlemen in speaking of the frontier settlers. An hundred years hence these people would prepon derate over this part of the continent. He represented an Atlai tic part of the Union, he would carefully avoid any thing that might ofTend the Weflero people. The firft fe-tiers in this coun try were, when they firlt landed, frontier settlers. For his own part he believed, that the war between the whites and the Indians would be eternal. He said that from some intelligence received this day, there was reason to believe that a war with the Creeks mi"ht soon be ex pected. Mr. Wadfwoith. " Gentlemen have a great disposition to hvjhand our tit le time, and 1 need not mention their " manner of doing it." He said that he was willing to grant protection to the frontier*, hut not to give leave, as by the amendment proposed, for an e terral war. He thought it calculated * to drive the gentlemen on each fide of tlii* quelfion, into such oppofitc e*- tteaiet, that they would never meet a-
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