to aSlort ; he ivns rtprobated fir an impos sibility. He has now defeated them, and his 'traife is unbounded. Yet on thefcore cf good intention, he merited the fame prttife before. This is the great error that cloilds the pages of hijlary —the grand taufe why char niter is never fairly unierjlooi. A Specimen of a New Dlßonary, Adapted to the " Exijling Gircumjlan eis." Admlnijlralion—A Partition treaty a mong ten or twelve noblemen and gentlemen of diffeient political prin ciples, to (hare all the great offices of the Hare for the purpose of support ing the Coiiftitution. Allies —Any number of armies who unite in the prosecution of a war in which each party has a separate inte rest. dhrm'tji —Any nobleman or gentleman who wants a place. Belhm biterneciontm —An expensive and bloody war, undertaken for procur ing a change of administration—in Franco. Coalition—Vide admin iftration. A Jacobin —-Any person who opposes the folly of the present war, or any the measures of his Majesty's Mi nisters. OpJ>o/ition—jacobins. Sui/iJy-—A large sum of money given to any Sovereign Prince for the pro tection of his dominions. A Glorious Victory—A temporary re-' pulse of the enemy, with great /laugh ter on both fides. A Retreat—Taking a new position or advancing backwards. A Defeat —A flight check, with the loss of cannon and camp equipage. A Stute ftcret —What every body knows. ' K . ' > A Treaty—A solemn engagement be tween two Sovereign Princes, never to be broken, except when conveni ent to either party. The House of Commons —A set of gen tlemen chosen by a few individuals, to supply the minister mith money. Parliamentary Reform —A very defira blc thing, but not fit to be difcufled either in time of war or in time of peace. Rational Liberty—The suspension of the Habeas Corpus Aft, the esta blishment of spies, secret examinati ons, &c. Church and State—The bishops and his Majesty's Ministers. Liberty of the Prefs —The liberty of praising adminiltration, and libelling their Mxifling Circuttiflanees —Any public diC after that may serve as a pretext for Miiufterg changing their measures, and keeping their places—such as the retreat of the allied armies into Hoi- land. , NEIV-TORK, September 24. We arc sorry to learn, that the infur recUort in Poland begins to assume a sanguinary afpeft. On the 27th of June a mob colleClsd—an incendiary harangued the multitude—reproached the national council and criminal tribu nal for their slowness in executing just ice, on thofc who were notoriously trai tors and fuggeited the neceiSty of the people's exercif*fig their undoubted right of punilhing the guilty—[that is, the undoubted right of a mob to put men to death without trial or ceremony] the mob erected a gallows and notwithHan ding all the efforts of the Prcfident of the tribunal and before sentence was pas sed the enraged populacc facrificed eight refpe&able persons to their fury. If men are guilty of treason j let them fufler; but let them firlt be proved guilty. Yet mobs never wait for proofs- Suspicion alone is fufficient to arm them for the bloody work of butchering their fellow citizens. Formerly the Roman Church burnt men for heresy in religion; now the populace butcher men ibrhertfy in politics. In both cases nine-tenths ef the unfortunate victims are guilty of no crime but that of a difference of opinion. Formerly Biftiops and Cardinals, senten ced men to the flames for the cause of Christ—and Kings chained men in dun geons for oppoiing their fehemes— ow the people have the rod and in their turn take off the headsof Kings, Nobles Priests, and every other man whose cle mency wilhes to moderate their relent less fury. Formerly the true Church believed their persecution right. Now the people swear they arc right. Mer ciful-God ! When will men listen tc the voice of nsture which declares then father—inhabitants of the fame earth— ind allboun'd by the fame moral con \edtion» to love each other and live ii :.liverfal peace! We learn that Loid Ma cartney,s Embafly to China has failed of success. This is probably an event vet yfortunate for the commercial world for we fufpeft his million war intended to eltablilh foroe monopoly <Jf the trcuJfc to China. NEW-HAVEJST, Sept. 14. The committee for weekly reports of deaths and the state of sickness in this city certify, that the following persons have died fmce their last report, viz. Sept. 20th. A child of Dodl. Sam. Dar ling, iEt.i, of-a lingering illness. A child of Capt. S. Dummtr, 1, Scar let Fever. I2d. Miss Susanna Gilbert, 11, Putrid Fever. They further certify, That there are fourteen persons sick of the Putrid Fever, fix of them are better and in a fairway of three are dangerous, that the fever has not arrived to a crisis with the o- I thers, That the disease still grows milder in its attacks, and more readily yields to the power of medicine. They further certify, that there is but one person sick in all that part of the city northward of George-street and weft of Union-street, which divides the Old from the NewTownfhip—that rhe public roads leading to and through the city, and the principal streets of trade are entirely free from it. Eneas Munfon, Henry Daggett, Simeon Baldwin. PITTSBURGH, Sept. 20. The following is a letter from a citizen of Philadelphia to an inhabitant of Pittsburgh, in answer to one giving some account of the late tranfadtions. Philadelphia, Augujl 26, 1794. Sir, THE papers, which you were to receive from me, communicated some observations relative to agricultural im provement. Having been transmitted about the middle of July, I am surpris ed that they had not reached Pitts burgh, when you wrote to me. Yonr letter of the Bth inltant, con taining some serious intimations, 1 loft no time in procuring it to be seen by several of the principal persons in the Federal and (late governments. No observations upon your informa tion have been communicated to me. It is understood that fimilav information has been received from other quarters. But one instance is within my know ledge, not having seen the collection of p pers, which are before the President and the officers of the government with whom he communicates and advises. Left my observations might implicate others, whose opinions and views, are unknown to me, you will permit me to premise, that our letters are to be con lidered as the correspondence of private persons. You have learned by this time, that a measure, appearing to supersede the utility of a deputation from the westward, has been adopted by the Pre sident. Several commissioners, all of whom are citizens of Permfylvania, and are, or have been recently, in employment under our Hate government, have been sent to Pittlburgh. lam not acquaint ed with the details of their inltruttions, but from the temperate complexion of the measure, and the commifiion being placed entirely in the hands of citizens of our own state, there appears reason to cherish hopes of favorable consequen ces. These hopes are strengthened by the million of commilfioners, on the part of the Governor. My intentions in replying to your letter, do not extend to an examination of the several laws, the nature, opera tion, and provisions of which, you con sider, as either injurious to our weftem brethren, or disagreeable to all the phi losophic men, and the yeomanry of A merica. I (hall confine myfelf, on the one hand, to some remarks upon the danger to our free governments, and to the peace and fafety of the United States, which such means of opposition and relief seem likely to produce—and on the other, to a statement of certain reasons, which appear to render it im poflible, that the several objects which you fay are meditated will be attained by those means. The public will, constitutionally exprelTcd by leprefentatives elected without fraud or. violence, carries an obligation to obedience, of the highest authority. This is the vital principle of our unequalled government. The ac complilhment of a federal republic, ac tually formed and conduced according to this found theory, has attracted to our country the molt affectionate confi dence of her friends, and the involunta ry admiration of her rivals. At' this interesting crisis, an armed opposition to a law thrice tan£lioncd by the representatives of the people, after two new elections—an opposition there fore repugnant to the vital principle of republicanism, has been originated. Understanding better than any other people, the nature of free government, we shall fin in the mid It of perfedt light, if we fuffer ourselves to deviate from this cardinal principle. We must roam, without hope, in search of political truth fafety and liability, if we depart from this indefeafible, this almofl sa cred rule. Seufible of these things, those philosophic men, and that patrio tic yeomanry of whom you speak, will cling to thq majority of their represen tative legislature, as the rock of their salvation ; and they will be sensible, that if they could lightly abolish the great commandment of freedom " to submit to the puolic will," on account of a (ingle law, which we have, at all times, the power to repeal, to continue,, or to al ter ; we should become the derilion of the world, and the unlamented victims of our own folly. Nor, should we fuffer alone—The republican theory of government, which his received its firft, and best honors from the hands of the American people, would fulh-in from the fame hands, the deepclt wounds! When we consider the part eondudt, the character, and the prosperous condi tion of the body of our fellow citizens, it appears utterly improbable, that they will omit the mild, the firm, and ulti mately, if they (hall be unhappily ne cessary, even the strong measures, which may be requifife to maintain their pre sent unexampled happiness, under a go vernment of laws, of their own crea- tion No doubts can be raised about a more refpe&able courage in our western bre thren, than that species of it, which you mention. Na invidious compari sons, on this point, between them and their fellow citizens in other quarters, are made in tho Atlantic country.— Nor is the imputation of an enerva ted" spirit, in the citizens of this part of the state, understood to have been made by any of the early oppofers to the principles of the laws in qusftion. Let 115 hope, that as tffty ought to be, so that they will be, the two la ft porti ons of mankind, which will meaftire strength with each other. If we look back to the state of tilings in America and Europe, in the last autumn and winter, we mull be struck with the hazards to our peace, which might have ariien out of the appear ance of an armed opposition, in any quarter, to an exilling law of thiscoun try. It is unneceffaty to enumerate the late symptoms of foreign dispositions, the moll injurious to the United States, which to appearance were even begun to be carried into execution. In a course of foreign affairs, different from that which has taken place, such a movement as that lately made by the fouth-wellern put of Pennsylvania; might have converted thole apparent dispositions aud beginnings of hofltility into general depredations on our com merce, and the mod vigorous attacks upon our territory itfelf—Old hopes might have been revived, or new expec tations might have been created in the councils of foreign nations. If such opinions may be justly entertained con cerning our late national situation, and the poflible consequences of this forcea ble opposition to our government of laws, can it be reasonably expe&ed, that any permanent support will be now given to that opposition ? If you are under a miftakein this point, remember Sir, that it i 9, in every refpeift, one of the most serious nature. It really is not my intention to suggest a single idea, with a view to excite appi ehenfions, nor, as you will fee, do 1 adduce arguments concerning the principles or operations of the excise law. All I clefire by my reply to your letter is, to contribute, by iuggeftions of another nature, to that moderation, which may end this unfortunate diffention without injury to individuals, or inconvenience to the U nited States. There are fame fulls, twbich ought, per haps, to perfuaie our wefiern fellow-citi zens to greater temper on the present jub feft. —The excise was jirjl introduced into Great-Britain by the parliament, which opposed the encroachments of Charles the firjt, the ajfociates of Ham Jen, one of the mojl sincere, and difiinguifhed afifirters of the rights of man in the old world. The excise on articles of confumpiion, including distilled spirits, was firfl laid in Pennsyl vania in the year 1700, by the all of its popular government (in which the British king did not name one officer) and from that time until 1744 fifteen excise laws were pajjed, by a truly popular assembly, often at -variance with the proprietors. A law, confirming the excise of the late province, was pajfed in the hrft. year of thf indepen dence of this commonwealth, Thomas IVharton, junior, being then President, John Jacobs, Speaker of the Assembly, and Timothy Matlack, clerk of tlx fame. In 1779 the excise was encreafed by a law, which was one of the eaAiefi alls (the fifth) under the adminijlration of President Jofiepb Reed, the late Judge Bryan, being Vice-President of the Commonwealth, Co lonel John Bayard, Speaker of the AJem bly, and Col. Timothy Matlack, Secretary of the Supreme Executive Council. In 1780 a new excije law was faffed, and in 1781 another ; the fame gentleman filling the fame public employments, excepting that the Speaker of the AJfimbly was Frederick Augttiw Muklenbarg, and the Clerk of that House <$as, Thomas Paine, the author of " Common Sense," and of " the Rights of Man. These jacls are mentioned beret not as relative to the merits of the Ict-w, becaefe as bfore otfer ved, l t ui-pifeh avoid the dfcitffitn of it, buttoji.tM, that as ex ci/e laws have been pa fed under the au/pices of citizens, <who were deemed in the liiejl em the Jincere and intelligent friends of popular go vernments, such ex treme meajitres to procure a repeal, really ought not *be reforied to at this time. Is it imreafoxuble to fay further, that as the excise appears to have been Jirft ejlablifhed in Psnnfylvania in the year ijca, it ought not to be repeuled in he ninety-fourth year of its ex-JLnce, by. anything, but far, and temperate argument ? (To be continued) PORTSMOUTH, (N. H.) Sept. 20. LATESr NEWS. Yesterday arrived here the brig 13et fey, Joseph Chafe, matter, in 26 davs from Grenada. Capt. Chafe informs that the day before he left there (22d Aug.) a packet ai'rived from England, and brought accounts that the French had taken Guerni'ey and Jersey, that several places in Holland had furronder ed to their viitorioiis arms, and that they were rapidly advancing towards Amfteidam. But the Dutch appre hen live of being overrun by their nume rous battalions, had opened the Dykes and overflowed the low gouiltries, by which a temporary check to the career of victory is tho't to be theconfequence. The above intelligence was commu nicated to Capt. Chaie by an Officer on board the packet. NEWARK, Sept. 24. At a meeting of the Republican Society of the town of Newark, out hi 22 c/ Sept. 1794. —On motion, the foi hiving re solves -uteri u/ianimotijly adopted : Resolved, A# the opinion of this Society, that at no period of our poli tical exiftlnce lias the- government flood so milch in* need of a public exprefiion of the voice of the citizens in its sup port as the present—when the operati ons of its conttitutional adls are arretted in their progr'efs by the intervention of lawless and domeltic violence. Resolved, That this Society hold it | as an essential ingredient in the Repub lican government, that the vove of the majority govern : that a deviation fj.oni this rule unhinges every ptincip'e of freedom, by setting up the will of the few agaiiilt that of the many. That the conduct of our fellow citizens in several cuuntics of a neighboring (late, is a flagrant violation of this important principle—the law which they have re fufed obedience to, having been consti tutionally enacted by a majority of the representatives of the people. If they sincerely believed that this law was un just and oppressive, they have fatally mistaken the remedy, by substituting force in place of reaion, violence in place of arguments, and indecent me naces in place ot temperate and manly temonftrance ; thus under a pretext of defending their freed'm, have they set at defiance the mod rational and obvious principle of liberty. Resolved, That we think it our du tyiexplicitly to declare our sentiments, and fay whether we will submit to the arbitrary and tyrannical voice of the minority, or whether we wijl pledge ourfclves to the public to support the republican principles recognized in the Constitution which binds the inhabitants of the United States together. We, therefore, in the molt solemn manner, embrace the latter—we look up to the general government as a wall of de fence, and as a bond of union \ to the state government as the impartial distri buter of justice—the repolitoiy of do mestic security, and the guardian* of Civil Liberty. To these wife and well conftrufted governments, we have cheer fully confided our lives and our proper ties, and pledge ourselves to our coun try to support as far as in our power, their constitutional operations. Not withllanding which we are aware, that our governments are not infallible, but being under the controul of men, are liable to the weaknesses and infirmities incident to human nature, and therefore may do wrong. But as we have a legal, constitutional, and with all a peaceable remedy, to the evils that folly or even vice may caule, they ought to be submitted to, until filch conllitutional remedy can be applied. this Society any attempts to prevent enquiry into the conduct of government, is as dangerous to civil liberty, as to rife in aims against its eonftitutionai operations. Kefolired, .That m the opinion of Sodety," the late attempt, to prefe on the piiiKJs of the people of the Uni ted States, a belief that the Republican Socletiefin live different parts of .the union,' have been in(tntf»enlal m pro moting the riot# in the back pans of j Pennsylvania—is not only an invidious calumny, but calculated to ftiSe enquiry into the conduit of government ; by rendering odious and fufpefted thofc who have had virtue and public spirit .'Hough to engage in it, that the man who would involve in the fame indiscri minate censure a society of men, who, during the pendency of a law, ftiould peaceably and quietly enquire into its propriety and utility, and a body of men who, after the law was coiji'tituti onally ena&ed, (hould rife in arms and oppose itsexecution, must either have a claim on our pity for his ignorance, or merit our contempt for hi« prolKtuted principles. . • Publ-.fhed by Order of the Society. MATTHIAS WARD, Chairman, AAron Pennington, S'ec'rr. SHIP I.'EWS, The Brig Mary, Oapt. Kirkpatrick, ar» rived herej failed from Lirnington (En gland) the jth July. On the 7th, office Lizard, he -pailed Admiral fquadrou of 16 fail, on a cruise, itcering to the Ea ft ward. On the loth, lat. 49. 19. he spoke the Ship Hope, Capt. Ciily, from New-York for London, 24 days out, all well. On the 12th he spoke the Ship Hare, Capt. Ftrrier, from New-York for London, 27 days out, all well. The 19th, in lat. 49. 51. he spoke the Ship Lucv, Capt. Robertfon, from St. Pierres bound to St. Maloes. August S, in long. 41, spoke the Barque Hope, Capt. Batnbridge, from Philadelphia bound to Bilbon, 16 days out, all well. The xßth, in lat. 41. long. -1. spoke the Sloop Sally, from New-York bound to Oporto, 16 days out. Jlrrii-ed at New-Tori. Ship Louisa, Morgan, Boufdiairtt Brig Daedalus, Stanly, Bak.more Nancy, Stoll, Grtr.acU Schr. Silly, Peck, Jamaica Nancy, Mitier, V/afhington Sloop Juno, Deblois, Edenton FOR SJLE, 33,000 lb. Weig-ht of Domingo Coffee, St. Contained, as jbllaqjut 29 Hogsheads, 50 Barrels, -3 S Bagß APPLY tO Deblois & Breck, Between Walnut and QhejnutJlreet <jjbar t ves» An Hanrlfome wfll iiniftied Houf'e to Let, Situated in an airy pleasant part of the City. dpply ai Abolit. Sept. 26 THIRTY Journeyman Shoemakers," CONSTANT employment, and ge- nerous wages will be given to that number, apply to George KembJe, No. 36, South Third-Street Philadel- pliia. N. B. A fiumber of apprentices wanted—apply as above. Sept. a 6 01 d American Company. THEjiTRE—CEDAR STREET* THIS EVENING, Sept, 26. Will be presented, A COMEDY, never performed litre, sai led tire Young Quaker; The Fair Ph 'tladelphian. Written by O'Keefe, w»d London with tile molt unbounded End of the second a<3, the Band will play the 1 •»- Federal Overture. After which will be presented a COME DY in three acts, but once ailed in Fni ladelphii, called the Midnight Hour. Written by Mrs. Inchbald, and perform ed at Covent Garden fifty nights fuceefiively. On Monday, " The Fair Penitent," Mrs. Melmcuth's fccond appearance:—- Lothario, Mr. Marriot, hi* firft appear ance. The doors will be opened at half after fix, and tUe curtain drawn up precisely at half pail icvrii oVirv-k. refpedlfully acquaint the Citizens in grne ral, that every expellee has been cherirful !y sustained. that might tead to moke the Old American Company, worthy a iliire of their patronage, during the lhort flay the nature of their engagements will p .nit themtp make litre. Places in the may be tad at the Box Office, from ten to one every day ( Sundays excepted) and on days ol pcr ; ormar.ee from three to- five ?. M. where also tickets may be had, and at Mr. Brat 1 ford's book-store, No. 8 r fonth Fk* street, and at Mr. C*rr'» mufie-floi).. eoptf
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