1 HENRY A. PARSONS, Jr., Editor and Publisher, ELK COUNTY TUE, REPUBLICAN PARTT. Two Dollars rx& AnnnL VOL. I. RIDGWAY, PA., THURSDAY, DECEMBER 14, 1871. NO. 41. L It' V THE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE. Washington, December 4. To the. Striate and llout qfRepretentaUcet i Id addressing nijr tlilrd annual message to the t iiinMiig oiancii 01 ine government it is gra tifying to be able to state ttiut iiurlng ihe past Jenr success has generally attended the effort to Aecute an iiii lounci upon Ihe Maiiite-rjonis. The pulley has been nut to Inquire Into the wisdom of the laws already enacted, but to learn tnelr pint ana intent, una to etuorce tnew accoru luulv. The past year ha, un.ler a wise Providence, beeu one of general pronpenty to the nation. It baa, however, been attended with more than nitial clitvuisenientnlti the loss of Hie and property by kturin and Ore. These disasters have nerved to call forth the bent element of human nature In our country, and to develop a friendship for ua on the part of foreign nations, which guea far to ward alleviating the dm rem occasioned by the cainuiues. The benevolent who have so generouslv shared with tne vlctl'us of then misfortunes will reap iitu icHum in vuuMuiouitiiens oi naving per formed a noble act and in receiving: the emtefni thanks of men, women, and children whose sutler- uk. mej nave reuevea. OI K FOREIGN RELATIONS. The relations, or the United Slates with foreign powers continue to be friend I v. The war ho h. eventful in witnessing two great nations, apeuk- ... ""u"ki uuu naving one unease, set tling iiy teacelnl arbltratum iiimniu ... i.... standing, and liable at any lime to bring those nation, into bloody and hostile conflict. An tx ample haa thus been set which If successful In Its Ouul issue, uihv be followed byother civilized na tlons, aud tie Dually the means of returning to ,. uuuiuub oi men now ilia n talned to settle the disputes of nations by the bay. enet and broadswurd. J TKBATY WITH ORIAT BRITAIN. ' "erowun a copy or treaty alluded to Which has been concluded since the adjournment if Congress, with her Brltunle Majesty, and a copy of the protocol a of the conferences oi the commissioners by whom It was negotiated. This treaty provides methods for adjudicating the r"iiui uc.nccu iue iwo nations. vn nous questions are to be adjusted by arbitration. I recumineud Conirrusa m mi, auriv .iu t.. the necessary provision ror the tribunal at Geneva, and for the several Commissions on the pare of the Untied Mntea called for by the Treaty, ills majes ty the King of Italy, the President or the bwlss loiilereuee, aud his majesty the Emperor of Bra- ...ii.TccmutuiiKiiiKi, on ine joint request or the two powers, to name an armtrator for the Tribunal nt Ucueva. 1 have caused my thanks to i".u"iy expr-aseu lor the readiness with Which the lolrit rennf-Mt. hua lwi.n n.ininlta.l tjr,rl by the appolntmeutof gentlemen of eminence and learning to these Imnonant nultlmia. Ill klnina. ty, the emperor 01 Uurniany, has been pleased 10 -.mi me joiui., wisu 01 tne two govern ments, and has Consented to fti.r. nu tlm m-hlir,ti- or Ihe disputed water boundary between ihe United States and Ureal Britain. The contracting parties In the treaty have under taken to legard as betwetn themselves ceriani principles 01 nuWIc law Tor which the Culled States have contended from the commencement of vneir 1 istory. 'iney have also agreed to bring ihese principles to the knowledge of theiithei niarllliuu powers, and to Invite them to accede to them. Negotiations are going on as 10 the formol "in ruie oy which tne invitation is to be extended to the other powers. i recommend the legislation necessary on the part of the United States nicessary to bring Into oieianou me armies oi ine treaty relating to tn "fl-heries, and 10 the other matters touchtiigthe re lation of I lie United Stfttes toward ihe Krnmh North American possessions, to become operative u on as me proper legislation snail lie had 011 the part 01 Ureal Britain and Its poses-luns. It ir much to be desired thai this legislation may be come co-operauve beuire the ttsurriuen or the United stairs begin to make their arrangement lor tne coming season. I tave amitessed a communication, of which a ropy U iransuiltted lierewuh, to the Governors 01 New York, Pennsylvania, ihio, Indiana, Michi gan, Illinois, and Vt l-.conin urging upon Ihe gov. ernmeuis at ineir stales respectively Ihe neces sary uction on their pari to carry Into effect tin object of the article ol the Treaty, which contem plates the use of the cauals 011 either side connect ed with the navigation of the lakes and r.verr running the bjuuuary, on terms of equity by th Inhabitants of ooth countries. It Is hoped that the impuitance of the subject aud llm beuelli to Hoar l.ici'efroiu will Insure the speedy approval aud legislative saucliou of tin States concerned. 1 reuew the recommendation for au appropriation for determining the true po sition ol ihe forty-ninth parallel of latitude, wh. re It tonus the boumlurt between the United stales nun iue uriusn norm American possesMons, tie tween the Lake or the Woods and the summit ol the Kocky Uouutaius. The early action of Con gress on this recommendation named would put 11 In the. power of the War Department to place a force lu Die U-ld during the next summer. FKANCK AND OIKMANV. The resumption of diplomatic relations between Fiance auu Germany have enabled me to give di rections lor the wiilidruw.il ol the protection ex tended to Germans in France by ihe diplomatic and consular lepreicutatlves of the United Slates iu that country. It Is Just to add thai tne delicate duty of this protection lias been perlurmed by the Mini-tier aud Consul-Ueueral at Pails aud the vail ous consuls In France under the supervision of the latter, with great kluduess as weil as with pru dence aud ucc. Their course has received the commendation of the German government, aud has wounded no susceptibility of the French. The government 01 the Kmperor of German continues to manifest a friendly feeling toward the Untied States, and a desire 10 harmonize with ttie moderate and just policy which this govern ment maintaius In lis lelatiou with Asiatic pow ers, as well as with the South American republic 1 hare given assurance that the friendly feelings or that government are fully shared by the Culled States. Iheratidcations of the Consul and Natural Ixailuu convenuuus wan the Ausiro Hungarian Kinplie have been exchanged. ITALY AND KOMI. I have been officially Informed of the nn nexatlon or ihe States of the Church to the Kingdom 01 Italy, ami the removal of ihe capital of that king dom to Koine, lu conformity with ihe established policy of the United Stales 1 have recognized this chunge. The ratifications of the new treaty of commerce between the Untied Stale and Italy have been exchanged. The two powers have agreed in tins treaty mat private property at sea man oe exempt f'oiu enpttne In esse of war between the two pow era. The United States have soared 110 opportuul ty of incorporating this rule Into the obligation of nations. Till SPANISH CLAIMS. The Forty-first Congress, at its third session, made an appropriation for ihe organization ol a mixed commssion fur adjudicating upon the claims ol cinzeu ol 1 lie Lulled states against epain, pro-wing out ol the tukurrectioii in tuba. Tuat couiiinsHoa Ua since beeu organized. 1 transmit herewith lite correepondt-iu-e relating to Its formal Ion aud Us Jurisdiction. Ills to be hoped that tills coiiitnlntlou will afford the claimant a complete remedy lor Ihcir injuries. It has beeu made the agreeable duly of the Unit ed states to preside over a conference at Wash ington between Ihe plenipotentiaries of Spain, and the allied couih American Republics, which has .resulted in au armistice, Willi the reasonable assurauceof peruianeut peace. RUSSIA. The Intimate friendly relations which have so loug existed bclweeu the United Slates and Rus sia contluue undisturbed. The visit of the third son of the Emperor I a proof that there la no Ue siie ou the part or his government to diminish the c-irdlulity of those relations. The hospitable reception which has beeu given to the Grand Puke is a proof that on our able we share Ihe wisie of that government. The Inexcusable course or the Russian Minister at Washington rendered It necessary to ask bis recall and to de cline to longer receive that functionary as a diplomatic representative. It was- Impossible, with selfrespect, r wlm a just regard to the dignity of the country, to permit Mr. Catatazy to bold intercourse with this government after hi. personal abuse of government oitlclals, anil during his persistent Interference, through various means, with the Malum between the Untied Slates and oihir power. In accordance with my wishes, tbt g vsrntnent has been relieved of further In tercourse with Mr. Catacazy, and the manage ment of the affairs of the Imperial legation has passetl Into the hand of a gentleman entirely unobjectionable. CHINA AND JAPAN With Japan we continue 10 maintain intimate relations. The Cabinet of the Mikado baa since the close of the last session of Congress selected citizens of the United States to serve tn oince of Importance in several department or government. I have reason to think that this selection la due to an appreciation of the disinterestedness or the policy which, the lulled States have pursued towards Japan. It 1 very desirable to maintain this disinterested aud Just po.lcy with China as well as Japan. The correspondence transmuted herewith shows that there la no disposition on Ihe part or this government to swerve from lis eotab luttied coarse. Prompted by a desire to pat aa nd toth. barbarous treatment of our shipwrecked sailors an lb. Cureaa coast, 1 instructed our Minis ter at Pekln to endeavor to conclude a convention witn Cores for securina the saletv and hnmane treatment or such marine's. Admiral dodgers was iiiiuruciei to accompany mm, wttn a suf ficient lore to protect nlin In case of need. A small surveying party sent out on reaching the coast was treacneruusiy attacked at a disadvan tage. Ample opportunity was given ror explana tion and apology; neither came. A force was then landed, ami after an arduous march over a rugged auu funiculi country, the ions irom which the outrages had been committed were reduced by a gallant assault, and were destroyed. Having thus punished the criminals, and having vindica ted the honor or Ihe flag, the expedition returned, flndfu It Impracticable, under Ihe circumstauces. to conclude the desired convention. I respectfully reier to tne correspunae ce relating tnereto here with submitted and leave the subject, for such ac tlon as Congress may see dt to take, MEXICO. The Republic of Mexico has not yet repealed the very oujecuouaoie laws estautisning wnai Is known as the Free Zoue on the frontier or the United states, it is hoped that this may yet be done, and also that more stringent measures may be taken by that republic for restraining lawless persons on its frontiers. 1 hope Mexico, by lis own action, will soon relieve this government of the dtllicul- tie experienced from these causes. Our relations with the various republic or Central and South America continue, with one exception, to be cordial and friendly. 1 recommend some action by Congress regarding the overdue installments under the Vemzuela claims commission of 1866. The eternal dissensions of this government pre sent no Justldcaituu for Ihe absence or effort to meet tnelr solemn treaty obligations. C IS'TRAL AND BOCTU AMERICA. The ratification of the Extradition Treaty with Nicaragua has been exchanged. it is a subject for congratulation that the great emperor oi Brazil uas taken the minatory step towards the abolition of slavery. Our relations Willi that empire, always cordial, will naturally be uiRue more so oy tins ucu it n nut too much to hope thai the government or BrazilTnay hereafter hnd It for Its Interest, as well asiutrinsically right to advance towarda entire emancipation inure rapidly than the present act contemplates. The true prosperity and sreatnese of a nation are to be round in the eievatiou an l education or lis laborers. It is a subject for regret that there forms in this direction which were voluntarily promised by the statesmen or Spain have not been carried out In Its Weal India colonies. The laws and regulations for the apparent abolition 01 slavery in Cuba and Porto Kico leave most of the lauorera In boudage, with no hope or release until their lives become a burden to their employers. 1 desire to direct your attention to the facl that the citizens of the United States, or persons claim ing to be fttizens or the United States, are large 1. outers in foreign lands bf this species of properly forbidden by the fundamental law of their alleged country. I recommend to Congress 10 provide, bj stringent legislation, a suitable remedy against the holding, owning or dealing In slaves, or belug interested in slave property lu foreign lauds, timer as owners, hirers or moitgagers, bj citizens of Ihe United States. TUB STRUOOLE IN Ct'BA. It Is to be regretted that the disturbed condition or the Island or Cuba counnues to be a source o aunojaiice and or anxiety. The existence of a protracted struggle In such close proximity to our own territory, without apparent piuspect of an early termination, cannot ue other than au object of concern to a people, who, while abstaining from luterlereuce ill ihe affairs of other powers, natu rally desire to see every country in the undisturb ed enjoyment or peace, liberty, and tne hlesslng. or free institutions. Our naval commauders lu Cuban water have been Instructed, lu case li should become necessary, to spare no edort to urulect the lives aud property of bonalde Ameri can citizens, aud to maintain the diguity of the Bag. lils hoped that all pending questions with Spain, growing out 01 the affair lu Cuba, may be adjust ed In tne spirit or petce and conciliation, which haa Hitherto guided the two powers lu their treat ment oi each questions. INTKHCOCKSE WITH TUB BAST. To give Importance and to add to the efllclenci or our diplomatic relations wiih Japan ami China and to lunner aid in retaining the good opinion ol those peo, les, and to secure to tne United Male us shai e of the commerce destined to Dow between those nation and the balance of the commercial world, 1 earuestly recommend that an uppropria lluu be inude to support at least four American louthsiu eich of those countries to serve as nan ul iheoiuclal families of our miulsters there. Oui representatives would not evvu then be placed upon an euuuiily with the representative ol Great Hritatti and or some other powers. As now situ aied, our representatives lu Japan and Ctuna have 10 uepeuu for Interpreters and translators upon natives or those countries who know our language I'Mperfectly, or procuie lor the occasion llm ser vices of employees iu foreign business houses, 01 the Interpreters to other forelgu ministers. 1 would alBo recommend liberal measures lor the purpose 01 fnsterlug the American hue ol steamers now plying between tan Fiauclsco and Japan and China, anu the Australian Hue, almost our only re maining Hues 01 ocean steamers, and of increasing their services. TIIB NATIONAL DEBT. The national debt bus been reduced to the ex tenter eighty six millions, flftj -seven thousand, one h una red and twenty-six dollars aud elkhij cents during the year; aud uy the negotiations national bouds ut a lower rate of Interest, the lu lerest on Ihe public debt haa been so far diminish ed that now the sum to be raised for ibe tuteresi account is nearly seventeen million dollars les- lliau on the nret or March, 1809. H was highly de sirable that 1 his rapid diminution should take place, 001 11 to strengthen the credit 01 ine country and to convince Its citizens of ihsir entire ability to meet every dollar ol liability without bankrupt ing litem, nut lu view of the accomplishment of Ihese desirable ends of the rapid development 01 the resources or the country ; lis Increasing ability 10 meet large demands, aud the amount alread) paid, it la not desirable that the present resource or the country should continue to be taaed, in or uer to continue tne rapid payment. 1, thereiore, recommend a modification of both the tariff aud Internal lax laws: 1 recommend that all taxes from tute-rual sources be abolUhed. except those col lected from spirituous, vluous and malt liquors, tobacco in its various lornis and irom stamps, in readjusting the tariff 1 suggest that a careful esti mate be maile of the amouut of surplus revenue collected under the present laws afier providing 1110 current expenses 01 tne government, me in terest account, and a sinking fund, aud that this surplus be reduced In such a manner as to afford lie greatest rebel 10 ine greatest number, mere are many an teles not produced at home, but wuicn enter largely into general consumption through articles which are manufactured ai home, such a medicines compounded, Ac , Ac, irom w men very ut ue revenue 1 derived, nut winch en ter Into general use. All such articles 1 recom mend 10 oe placed ou the tree list. Should a fur ther reducttou prove advisable, I would then re comiueud that it be made upon tuuse anlcler wuicucan oest near 11 witnout uisiuiuing uouie production or reducing the wages of American la bor. I have uut entered Into ilxuiea, because to do so would be to repeat whut will be laid before you la the report or Hie Secretary or the Treasury. FINANCIAL REFORM. The present laws lor collecting Ihe revenues pay Collector 01 Customs small salaries, hut provide lor uiuieties shares lu all seizures whion, at principal pons or eulry particularly, raise the compensation or those officials to a large sum- II lias always seemed to me a 11 tins system must at limes work promiscuously. It bolus out au iu duceiuent to dishonest men, should such gel pos session 01 those omces, to oe lax in tnelr scruilm ol goods entered to enable them dually to make iaige seizure. Vour attemlou I respectfully In- vneii to tin su'jecb Continued nuciuatlons in the value or gold, as compared wttn the uaiioual currency, has a inosi damaging effect upon the increase and develop ment 01 u:e country, in keeping up prices 01 an articles necessary lu every nay lite. It foster spirit of gambling prejudicial alike to national morals auu national finance. If the question can be met a 10 how 10 gel a llxed value to our cur rency, that value constantly and uniformly ap pioachlug par with specie, a vety desirable object wiu ue gaiueu. ARMY ANDKAVT. For the oneratlons of Ihe army In the past year. the ex oenae of maintaiulug It, the estimates loi tha ensuing year aud lor continuing sea-coast aud oilier Improvement conducted uuder the super vision of ihe war Department, 1 reier you 10 tne acoompauylng leport of the Secretary 01 War. I call tour attention to ihe provisions oi the acl or Congress approved March a. 1'6. which discon tinues promotions iu tne sum vorpa-ui iue army until provided for by law. 1 recommend that tin number of orllcera In each giade of the staff corps be dxed. and that wheuever tn cumber in auj one grade falls below the number so dxed, the va cancy may b fllled by promotion from the grade below. J also recommend that when theolUoe 01 chief or a corps become vacant the place may be Oiled by selection from the corps la which the va cancy exlsia. The reoort or tha secretary 01 ine avy snows an Improvement id the number and etllctency 01 the naval forces, without material Increase in the expeuae of supporting It. This Is due to the policy wuicu Baa been adopted, and is veing exienuea as I at as our malarial will admit, or using smallei vessel a cruisers on tut several station. By this meani wa have beam enabled to occupy ai one larger sxtent of crulainf frousd, to visit more frequently the posts where the presence of our Sag is desirable, and generally to discharge mure efficiently the appropriate duties ol the navy lu time ol peace, without exceeding the number of men or the expenditures authorized by law. (lur ing the past year the navy has, In addition to Its regular service, supplied the u,en and otneers for the vessels of the coast surveys, and has compiet ed the surveys, authorized by Congress, 01 tha Isthmus of Darlen, and Tehuantepec, and under dkeauthoitty ha sent out an expedition, com pletely furn. sheil and eqlpped. to explore tha un known ocean of the north. The suggest Ions of the report as to the necessity for Increasing and approving the materiel of the navy, and the plan recommended ror reducing the personnel of ttie service to a peace siandnm by ihe gradual abolition of certain pradesor officers, the reduction or others, aud the employment or some In the service or the commercial marine, are well considered and deserve ihe thoughtful attention or Congress. I also lecommend that all promo tions in the navy above the rank or captain be by selection Instead ol by seniority; this course will secure In tne higher grades greater efficiency and hold ont an Incentive to young officers to Improve themselves In the knowledge or their profession. The present cost or maintaining the navy, lu cost compared with that or the preceetllng year and the estimate for the ensuing year, are contained In the accompany rtport of ihe secretary of ineNavy. - ' POST-OFFICE pKFARTMENT. The enlarged receipts of the Postofflce Depart ment, as shown by the accompanying report or Ihe Postmaster-General, exhibit a gratifying in crease In that branch of tne public service. It Is the Index of the growth of education and of the. prosperity or the people, two elements highly con ducive to the vigor and atabhlltr or republics with a vast territory like ours, much or It sparsely populated, but all requiring the services of the mall. It is not at present to be expected that the department can be made self-sustaining, but a gradual approach to this end from year to year is conddently relied on, and the day Is not fur dis tant when the PostoHlce Department or the gov ernment will prove a much greater blessing to the whole people than It Is now. The suggestion of the Postmaster-General for Improvements In the department presided over by nlm, are eamestly recommended to jour special attention: espec ally do 1 recommend favorable consideration of the plan of uniting the telegraph system or ihe United Mates with the postal system. It is believed that by such a course ti:e cost or telegraphing could be much reduced, and the service as weil, If not bet ter rendered. It would secure the further advan tage or extending tne telegraph through portions 01 the country wi. era private enternrise will not construct It. Commerce, trade, and above all the efforts to bring a people widely separated Into commnnity of interest, are always benenited by a rapid intercommunication. Education, the ground work or republican Institutions. Is encouraged by the Increasing facilities to gather speedy news from all pans of the country. The desire to reap the tieneut or such Improvements will stimulate education. I refer to the report of the Postmaster General for full details or the operations or last year, and for comparative statements of results with former years. KlT-ELl-X LAW. There has been Imposed npon the executive branch or the government the execution of the act of Congress approved April vo, 1871, and common ly kuuwnaa the Ku-Klux law, in a portiou ol the state or South Carolina. The necessity or the course pursued will he iiemonstiated by the re port ol the Committee to Investigate Southern outrages. Under the provisions ol the above act, I issued a proclamation calling the attention 01 the people or ihe Uulted States to same and de claring my reluctance 10 exercise any of the extra ordinary powers thereby conferred upon me, ex cept Incase of imperative neci sslty, bat making known my purpose to exercise such poweis wheuever It should become necessary to do so for the purpose or securlug to all citizen- or the United states the pe.toclui enjoy mentor the rights guarantied to theiu by the Constitution a. d the laws. After the passage of this law In'ormation was recetvid from time 10 time that combinations uf the character rercrred to in this law existed, and were puwerhil lu many parts or the Southern liat.-s, particularly iu certain counties in the state or South Caronua. Carelul investigation wus made, and it was ascertained ttiut in nine counties or that state such combinations wcreaeiive and powerful, embracing a sultlclent portion of the cit izens to control the local authority, aud having among other tilings the object of depriving the emancipated class or the substantial benehts ol irec loin, and of preventing the free political action uf tnese citizens who did not sympathize with their own views. Among their operations were Ire quent scourglngs aud occasional assassinations, generally perpeiraied at nighi, by disguised per sons, the victims lu almost all cases, being citizens or different political seutunenis Irom their own, or Heed person who had shown a disposition to claim equal rights with other citizens. Thousands 01 luodeuslve aud weil disposed citizens were the sufferers by this lawless violence. Thereupou. on the l'Jlh or October, a proclamation waa Issued in tiie terms or the law calling npon the members of those combinations to disperse within five days, and to deliver to ibe marshal or military officers of the L ulled States all arms, ammunition, uniforms, disguises, and other meuus aud Implemeuts used by them for carrying out their unlawrul purposes. This warning not having been heeded, on the 17th of October, another proclamation was Issued suspending the privilege of the writ of luibrai cor pits in nine counties In that State. Dlnction wa given that, within the counties so deslguafd, persuus supposed, upon creditable Information, to be members or such unlawful combinations shoul 1 ue arrested by the military forces or the Uuited t ites and delivered to the marshal to be dealt with according to law. Iu two or said counties t ork and Spartanburg many anesis have been made. At the lust account tue uuiuber or persona thus arrested was one hundred ami sixty eight. Several hundred 1 whose criminality was ascer tained to be or an Inferior degree were released for the present. These have generally made con fessions of their guilt. Great caution has been ex ercised In making Ihese arrests, and notwithstand ing tha large number, It la belle ted that no Inno cent person Is now In custody. The prisoners will be held for regular trial in the judicial trinnnals of the United States, as soon a It appeared that the authorities of the United States were about to lake vigorous measures to enforce the law, many persons abscoaded, and there is good ground for supposing ilmt all or such persous have violated the law. A full report ol what has been done un der this law will be submitted to Congress by Ihe Attorney-General. TOE MORMONS. In Utah there still remains a remnant of barbar ism repuguaut to civilizinlou, to decency aud to the laws of the United State. Territorial officers, however, have been found who are willing to per forin their duty in a spirit ut equity, and with a due seuse of sustaining the majesty of the law. Neither polygamy, nor auy 01 her violation of exist ing statutes will be permuted within the territory 01 the Lulled fcuiies. It is uol wiih the religion of iheseif-eiyled saint that we are now dealiug, but with their practices. Tbey will be protected lu the worship of God, according to the nictates of their conscience; but tbey will nut be permuted to violate ihe law under the cloak of reiiglou. It may be advisible for Congress to consider what In the execution or the law against polygamy, 1 to tie the statua or plural wives aud their offspring. The propriety of Congress passing an enabling act authorizing the territorial legl.ii.iure of Utah to legitimize ail children born prior to a lime fixed lu the aci, might be Justlhed by lis humanity to those iuuoce.it children. This is a suggestion only, and uol a recommeudatlon. TUB INDIANS. The policy pursued towarda ibe Indians has re sulted favorably, so far aa can be Judged from the limited time during winch 11 has been lu opera tion. Through the exertions ol Ihe various socie ties I'fChrlauaua 10 whom haa been entrusted ibe execution ol the pulley, aud Ihe board or Commis sioners authorized by the law or April 10, laeu, many trioes or ludiaus have beeu Induced to set tle upou reservations to cvltivale the soil, to per form productive labor or various kinds and to par tUlly accept civilization. They are cared lor lu -uch a way, It la hoped, as to Induce those who are still pursuing their old habit or life to embrace the only opportunity which 1 lelt them to avoid ex ermluaiion. 1 recommend liberal appropria tion to carry out the iudian peace pulley, uol only because it 1 humane. Uhriatiaulike auu ecou oiukal, but because it ut light. 1 recommend to your favorable consideration the policy of also grautlng a territorial govern ment to the Indians in the Tndiau Territory, weal of Arkansas and Missouri aud south of Kansas, lu doing so, every rlglu guarantied to the Indians uy treaty should be secured. Such a course might iu tlm be the meaus of collecting moat of the lu diaus now between the Missouri and lb Pacidc and south of the British possessions into one terri tory or one Slate. The Secretary or the Interior baa treated upon this subject at length, aud 1 recommend to you but suggestions. rvBi.10 LANDS. J renew my recommendation that the public lands be regarded as a heritage to our children, to im disposed of only a required for occupation and 10 actual aettier. Those already granted have ben lu great part disposed of lu such a way aa to secure access to the balauc by the hardy settler who may wish to avail hlmseii of them. But cau tion should be exerclaed eveu in attaining so de sirable au objevt. Educational interest may well be served by ibe grant ol proceeds ol sale or pub lic lands to settler. I do not wish to be under stood a recommending, lu the Least degree, a cur lalluieut of what la being done by the general government (ur ihe encouragement ol education. Tne report of Ibe Secretary of the Interior, sub mitted with this, will give yon all the Information collected and prepared for publication in legard to the censns taken ounng Ihe year iBTO; Ihe opera tions of the Bureau of Education for the year, ihe Patent Office, the Pension Office, the Land Office, and the Indian Bureau. Ihe report of the Commissioner of Agriculture gives the operations 01 his department for the year. As agriculture Is the groundwork or our prosperity, too much Importance cauuot ne at tached to the labors of this department. It Is in the hands of an able head, with able assistants, all zealously devoted to Introducing Into the agricul tural productions of Ihe nation ail useful products sdapted to spy of the various c.ltnsies aud soils of onr vast terrltorj ; and to giving all useiul Infor mation as to the method of cultivation or the plants, cereals and other products adapted to par ticular localities. Q,muy, but surely, the Agricul tural Bureau is working a great national good ; and ir lllH-rally supported, the more widely its In duence will be extended, and the less dependent we shall be upon the products or foreign countries. The subject ot compensation to the heads of bu r aua auu officials Holding positions ol responsi bility, and requiring ability and character to fill them properly, i oue to winch your atteotlon la invited, nut few or the officials receive compensa tion equal to the respectable support or a family, while their duties are stK-h as to Involve millions or interest. In private hie services demand com pensation equal to the services rendered. A wise economy would dictate- the same rule In the gov ernment service. 1 have not given the estimates for the support of the government for the ensuing year, nor tne com parative statement between the expenditure for the year Just passed and the one Just preceding, 'because all these dguies aie contained In the ac companying reports ur in those presented directly to Congress. These estimate have my approval. THE FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT. More than six years hare elapsed since the last hostile gun was fired between the armies then ar rayed against each other, the one for the perpetua tion, the other for the destruction or the union. It may well be considered whether it Is not now time that Ihe disabilities Imposed by the Four teenth Amendment should be removed. That amendment does not exclude the ballot, but only Imposes the disability to hold office npon certain clasaea. When the purity ol the ballot is secure, majorities are sure to elect officers reflecting the vie w s or the majority. 1 do not see Ihe advantage or propriety or excluding men from office merely because they were, before the rebellion, or stand ing and churacte sufficient to be elected to posi tions requiring them to take oaths to support the Constitution, and admitting to eligibility thore en tertaining precisely the same views but or leas standing in their communities. It may be said that the former violated an oath while the iatier did not. The latter did not have It In their power to do so. ir ihey had taken this oath it cannot be doubted they would have broken It, as did the for mer class, lr there are any greal criminals, dls Uiigulenedjabove an other for the pari they took In opposition to the government, they might, In the Judgment of Congress, be excluded from such au amnesty. Tins subject Is submitted lor your careful con sideration. The condition or the Southern States Is unhappily not audi as all true patriotic citizens would like to see. . social ostracism for opinion's sake, personal violence or threats towards persous entertaining political views ipposed to those en tertained by the majority or the old citizens, pre vents Immlgiatlon aud the flood or much ueeded capital luto the states lately In rebellion. It will be a happv condition of the country when the old cl Izens of these Slate will lake an Interest lu public affairs, promulgate ideas honestly enter tained, vole f.-r men lepresentlng their views, and tolerate Ihe same fr edum ul expression and ballot In those enlerlalulug different political con viction. Uuder the provisions of the act or Congress, ap proved February 21, 1871, a territorial government was organized In the District of Columbia. Its re sults have thus far fully realized the expectations of Its advocates. Under the direct lou ol thetetrl lorlal officers a system of Improvements has been Inaugurated by means of which Washington Is rapidly becoming a city worthy or the nation's capual. Ihe citizen of the District having volun tarily taxed iheniselv to a huge amount for the purpose of coutributing to the adornment of the seal of government, 1 recommend liberal appro priations on t lie park or Congrats, in order that the govainmeui may bear Us Just share of the ex pense or curry lug out a Judicious system ol uu pruvemeuls. TUB CHICAGO FIRE. By the great Are In Culcago. the most Important or the government buildings In that city were con sumed Those nunied had already become In adequate to the wauls or the government in that growing city, and loosing to the near future, were totally inadequate. I recommend, therefore, that au appropriation be maue Immediately to purchase the remainder of the square ou which the burned buildings stood, provided it ean be purchased at a fair valuation, or provided that the legislature of nuuoiB win pass a law authorizing lis condemna tion for government puiposes, and also au appro priation of as much money as can properly be ex pended towards the erecuou of new buildings during this fiscal year. PROTECTION OF IMMIGRANTS. The number or Immigrants lguorant or onr laws and habits, aud coming into our country annually has become so great aud the Impositions practised upou them so numerous and flagrant, that 1 sug gest Congressional action lor their protection, it seems to me a lair subject 01 legislation oy con gress. 1 cannot now state as fully as 1 desire the nature of the complaints made by emigrants 01 the treatment tbey receive, but will endeavor to do so uuring me session 01 congress, particularly if the subject should receive jour attention. CIVIL 8ERYICB REFORM. It has been the aim of the Administration to en force honesty aud efficiency lu all public offices. Every public servant who ha violated the trust pluced In him has been proceeded against with ah ihe vigor of the law. If bad men have secured f daces It has been the fault ol the system estab isiied by law and custom for making appoint ments, or the fault of those who recommended for government position persons not sufficiently well kuowu to them personally, or who give letters en dorsing the character or office-seekers without a proper sense of the grave resnousioilltv which such a course devolves upon them. A civil service reiorm wiucn can correct this abuse is much de sired. In mercantile pursuits the business man who gives a letter of recommendation to a friend to enable him to obtain credit from a stranger, Is regurneu as mursiiy responsible lor the integrity of hlsfnend, and his ability to meet his obligations, A reformatory law which would enforce Hub prin ciple agalusi all endorsers or persons for public piece, wuuiu insure great cautiou in making recom mendations. A salulaiy lesson has beeu taught the careless and the dishonest nuiille servant In the great number of prosecutions and convictions nf the last two year. It 1 gratifying to nonce the favorable change which is taking place throughout the country, in bringing to punish ment l nose who have proved recreant to the trusts con tided to them, and in elevating to public office none but those who possess tbeconddenceof the honest and virtuous, who, it will always be found, comprise ibe majority or the community in which they live. In my message to Congress, one year ago. I ur gently recommended a reform In the civil service of the country, lu conformity with the recom mendation. Congress In the ninth section of an act making appropriation for sundry civil expenses of ihe government and for other purposes, approved March 3, 1871, gave the necessiry authority 10 the executive to lusugura-e a civil service reiorm aud placed upon him the responsibility of dolus so. Under authority of said act 1 convened a board of gentlemen eminently qnuliUed for tue wora 10 uevise ruiea auu regulations to er feet the needed reform. Their labor are not. yet complete, but It Is believed that they will suc ceed In devising a pian which can be adopted to ine great renei oi tue executive, the Heads 01 oe parlmenls anil members or Congress, and which will redound to the true Interest or the publio ser vice. At ail eveuts the experiment sliail have a lair trial. I have thus hastily summed up the op erations of the government during the last year, and made such susgeatlous as occur to 1110 10 be proper lor your consideration. I aubmlt them with a eonddeuce that your combined action will be wise, alateinanlike and la the beat iuterests or the whole country. U. 8. GRANT. Executive Mansion, December 4, 1871. A. drawing master, worrying his pupil with contemptuous remarks upon his lack of ability, ended by asking, " Now, sir, if you were going to draw me, what part of me would yu commence first ("' The boy, with a meaning look into his master's face, answered very quietly - xour necs, sir 1 A boy in Cambridge was recently ex oused from school to attend a funeral, but tbe truant was found by an officer toon after, witnessing: a srame of base ball, and UDOn beinw aaktui wkv tia Hirl not go to the funeral, said that he would when the man died, but he wasn't dead yet. THK COMING WOMAN. (To bh Head Exclcsivelt bt Gbxtlemek.) Bt ELIZA 8. TCBNEB. " What will tbe coming; woman do to piague, perplex, and Interfere witn usr Will she forbid the festive cbew And gay spittoon, for ages dear with us ? Will she invade, with lifted noso, Retreats where female loot ne'er went till late, Bar-room cosy and court-room close, And lorce reluctant man to ventilate ?" Brother, and so I hear. " Will the dear haunts where manhood played At eucbre beld and frisky seven-up Haunts where so oft our reason strayed To conversation-teas be given up t Must we then all go home to dine ? And must a friend in soda pledge his mate ? How ahall the coming man get wine At all, If she's allowed to feglsla'e f Brother, the case looks queer. " Speak, O friend, has the woman's sohere. The soft-soap rainbow sphere we kept her in, Burst and vanished, endlefLber here With the world at large toVlcld ber scepter ia r Is she up to our little game f And can she bind us, in reality, Down to the precepts, much too iatne, We've preached to her for pure morality?" Brother, the worst X fear. "Friend of my youth, I can no more; O fly with me this land Iniquitous." Nay, lor 1 see, from shore to shore, The enfranchised female rise ubiquitous. Partner in purse she'll claim to be : Logic oi business she'll outwit us in : Lost from life Is the dead-lutch key : And loBt from earth the white mole citizen Brother, the end ia near. JV. Y. Tribune. The Cannibal. DISTINGUISHED VI8IT0K8 FROM THK FEEJKK ISLANDS HOW THEY LOOK, WHAT THEY HAVE DONE, AND WHAT THEY SAID. From the At. JoamK f.Vn.t irrrtii In Our lant iaailA wa Viriotiv annniinnofl the arrival in St. Joseph of several na tives of the Fee joe Islands, genuine man eaters. The proprietor yesterday offered the highest (Feejee) market price for a lot of twenty or more tine fat babies, in order to give the strangers a good square meal, but could find no mothers having snare chilrlmn in enrwi rrtnriitinn fr tku spit ; then, too, the cold snap operated uuiavurttuiy on our visitors, f earing that the Fe jeeans would die either from Starvation Of nnlrl. tha mananan tuinla them up and took the first train for the Buutu, jyrumiBiug 10 visit dc. tiosepn some time next summer. The distinguished visitors were four in number. First iu importance was the Fiinuess Obavah, a fat. lllhh, rlv fumalu nf uhr..f OH ,IUuri F J W V J'-'"LI tbe granddaughter of the emnnror of 200,000 people. She is a Christian, and nus lost all fondness for human flesh. Then in importance oame llubiau, a dwarf, over thirty-five years old, and only two feet high, Chief of the Kewa tribe. Their two companions were Rateu Boeo Yoco, chief of the town of lotaga, in the Island of Ovalau, and PjLii ATo-i Hfia V. 1' I TJ ... .1 ' . j urj. uiun, uuici 111 aJCSU, IU45 IJlttlu town ia the Fejee Islands. The two gentlemen last-named were of middle size, stroug-limbed and strong-necked, wiih a complexion between a copper Color and A black, with riiirlr mipln anA bushy hair. Whilst at the depot they attracted considerable attention; a re porter of the Herald chanced to be at the denot at the timn. and inAT-vianra1 tK. princess, who has some smattering of vue Auguia longue, ana willingly answered all Questions nronnunriarl in her. She complained bitterly of the com, ana wonaerea now any one could live hera tlirnno-h tha n.inf Bk. w 1. UUO liked a climate where she oould eo usseu ; aespite ner conversion to Chris tianity her clothes didn't feel comfort able on her. Kh hari halnoH tv. d,i n;n - J'- " a number of our countrymen, and had II C 1 . kwu ur mreo 11 tie cnops out ox several uiuruereu missionaries, dui mat was be fore aha waa canvartoh tn Plirl.tl.n.'i,, and she was not heartily ashamed of her 3 1 . 1 . uuuuuui ou inose occasions, bne was surprised to see so manv old and haln. less men and women in Amerioa; in rejee- wnen tne natives became old and infirm the young men summarily re leased them from their earthly troubles by means of a club or an ax. s She thought the women here were too lr.zy, and that the lash would An than, wi In her native land the women do all the worn, as it was nt and proper they should. She was surprised, too, to find that men here only had one wife apiece, ana seemea satisnea. In JFejee a big cuiei oiten nail lour or Ave hundred wives, and even men of th mmt nrdi. nary rank had five or six women to do ma worn, oue tnen introduced tne re porter to the dwarf, who had eaten nineteen ministers, all cood and ninna men, and hod picked his teeth with the luuwvut vuBjjriug. xxe still maintained a remarkable fondness for small children, but she hopes that he will soon become civilized and Chris tianized. The two other chiefs, she said, were horrible cannibals, with insatiable appetites for human flesb. Tbey did not have any great, fondness for white men, although tbey had, several years ago, helped to eat some twenty shipwrecked sail.rs. But their fondness for colored men seemed unaba ted, and a careful guard was kept upon them whenever a lady or gentleman of color chanced in their presence. At this interesting stage ot tne conversation the train cams rnuhino- intn tha danni the Feejeeans hastily gobbled up their vinjjs auu uurnea into tne oars. Thera ara nannla in W C torv who ara not antiufiad with tk.u..h - - .... . . - out. ivauti of their interesting experiment in the wane vi wumau auarage, ana tnere now pending, in the Territorial Lezial ture, a bill repealing the law under .rtioh wfcinen vote and hold office, on the ground that the system is productive f more evil than good. Of course inch a bill can never be passed without strong vvjjwuvu, sun ueuva we aro iiaeiy, the haatitd HahatAB whfah ... A m.u, ,U,UO hear the exact truth about tha practical womug 01 lemaie sunrage, whatever may be, and full showing of truth healthful at all timet. Cornell University. A STUDENT'S labor for knowledge. A correspondent of the New York Timet, recently visiting; the Cornell TJciveTsity, describes, among other in teresting particulars, a conversation held with one of the students. The in terview gives a good indication of the qualities of the young man, who is a sample of a great many, in the Cornell and other institutions ot learning, wno are obtaining an eduoation under what the world would call adverse circum stances. But although the labor is hard and the deprivations great, they form tbe furnace of trial, to refine the in tel lect, and produca a mental and moral state of sterling parity and value. " 1 looked around tor some student who could inform me as to the progress made in the specialty of Cornell the self-supporting part of the system. At last, by good chance, I came upon a room where a young fellow of twenty- three was studying Sanscrit. Having been in India for many years, I was in terested in his studios, and we commenced an animated conversation uoon philo- loeio roots. We criticised Max Muller, commented on Bunsen's theory of the Pelasgio people, and heartily agreed upon the absurdity of studying Greek and JUatin, wnion were dried sponges, out of which everything good had been taken by our ancestors. Incidentally I learned that this most accomplished gentleman was supporting himself by laboring: on the farm. lie generally worked three hours a day, and six hours on Saturdays, and had already got through his appointed labor for that Saturday. I asked him if the manual labor 01 plowing, etc., did not stupefy him, contract the brain cells, and make his apprehension duller. replied that it did not, because he bad been brought up as a farmer, and had nothing to learn when he came tc the college. He was taking tbe agricultural course, but had become interested in philology, and one of the professors, who knew Sanscrit, had become interested in him, and had given him lesBons in that per fect language, though Oriental studies are not in the curriculum. I said : " I suppose yours is an indi vidual case 'i" Student Yes, as regards the philology, but not for the farm. There are twenty nine of us who work on it. Correspondent Does it pay your ex penses ? Student It pays mine : but then 1 worked steadily during the long three months vacation, which ended in Sep tember. I can go easy now if I feel in clined. Correspondent I suppose the hardest part ot the work is done by laborers em ployed for that purpose r Student Not at all. There are only two teamsters hired on the farm, and all the ether work is done by us. At this moment we're laying down a series of drains, and this is very heavy work in deed. Correspondent Did you do that this morning r Student Yes, for six hours. Correspondent And did you not feel stupened or tired out r Student Not at all. I dislike the work, and was very glad to get back to this, but X was not tired. Correspondent Are there any other methods of earning one's support here, besides the farm r Student Oh yes. If you can print, you can earn more in the press room than on the farm, and soon there will be lots of work in the machine shop, The men are going to make copies of univier s geometric models. Correspondent What's that? Student Why, a Frenchman of the name of Ollivier made a set of models to illustrate all the problems of ceometry. A set was purchased by the State of new x ork, and is, I think, at Albany, They aro coiner to make copies of these, Twenty thousand dollars were given, I believe, for the first set that he made, but our fellows here can make them for eight hundred. Correspondent I see. Well, but men who can t handle tools will not be able to do that sort of thing. Student Certaiulv not. Skilled la bor is at the same premium here that it is elsewhere. Correspondent What can the men do who have only their manual strength Student Well, they can work" on the farm or they can grade the square. Correspondent They cau do that, but tnen do they r Student As a general thing they at- i.cuijjb ib, uu uuuiug it ratner rougn give it up in aespair, and go Dome. vorresponaent wen, but that was hardly what Mr. Cornell designed, was it r Student No j he expected that the college would give work to every one, that cared to take it, of a kind that he could do. I suppose that this will be done in the future by outsiders, but it can never be accomplished bv the college. Correspondent Something in tbe fac tory way, you mean. I suppose some thing that will utilize the grand water power that is running to waste so pic- tuiBMjuoiy iu tue gorges. Student (laughing) I guess so, uave neurit mat ur, uorueu cas some such scheme in his head. Correspondent But atati iTsAn. riA, haps, the men could Dot earn enough to 1 A I T . .. . ep mem. rt us calculate a little. nave been throuch soma frtnri in Auburn lately, and I learned the rate of wages current there. Such work aa nn. skilled students could do would be paid at the rate of seven, say eight, dollars a wee.; IOr a day ot twelve hours. Now, now many hours can you average of wurougQout tne year r Student About half a day if I work steadily throueh the vacations. Correspondent Very good ; then that win oniy be lour dollars a week through wuo jrour iot everytmng. Btudent That would be quite suf- ncent. Mr exDensea ara onlv thraa dnl. lars a week, and I can earn enough over vu seep me in coarse Clothes. Correspondent I beg your pardon for the seeming impertinence of the question I am about to ask, and I beg yon to believe that tha spirit that dic tates it is not one of mere curiosity. Are you living in this fashion from necessity, or do youpirhaps wish to show that it can be done by those who have no re sources ? btudent I do it from necessity; I am very poor. Correspondent Sir, from my heart I honor you, and if the sympathy of a stranger can lighten a road so stony, pray understand that you have it in the fullest sense of of the word. We shook hands heartily, and I left him to his Sanscrit, feeling as I walked away that Cornell meant something more than showed on the surface. We Americans have been rather apt to worship the dollar, but when poverty is so honorable and so honored as it is here, our golden idol is like to tumble a peg or so in the estimation of society." Indian Karnes. In some instances it is a spocial matter of regret that tbe Indian names of places and States no longer suggest their orig inal meaning. Xhis was occasionally simple enough, as in Connecticut orig iually written Quonaughtitot which meant in the Mohegan dialeot " long river ;" and in Massachusetts in the Natic dialect Masatuset signifying " the place of great hills,'' with reference to the Blue Hills, eleven miles to the south west of Boston, the highest point of land in the eastern part of that State. Of eities thus designated itiluavkie recalls its original name, meaning " rich lands, and timg Sing, the Algonquin word A finning, " a place of stones," with all the greater forces, as it is now " the resi dence of gentlemen," in Artemus Ward's language, "who spend their days in poundin' stun.' Other names, however, have more or less picturesqueness in their meaning, and are not so easily improved by recent changes. Thus Vhieaao repre sents in its French pronunciation very fairly tbe actual sounds heard by the first French explorers, when tbe Potawa- tomies, who dwelt there, called it Sheeau go, "playful waters." ('f) Duhlontga is the softened form of th) Talauneca of the Cherokees, which meant " yellow metal," for the Indians were well aware of the gold found in the neighborhood, which made the city in later years the seat of a Oovernment mint, because of its happy position in the very centre of the gold mine district ot .Northern Ueorgia. Lake Erie is almost the only remainder now of the once powerful tribe of Erie, who lived where the Stat 3 of Ohio now is ; the latter name, as given to the river, owes its origin to the Iroquois, who called it the Oheo, " beautiful water," by tbe same instinctive admiration which prompted the French to name it La Belle Riviere. It had a lucky escape from Father Marquette's baptism, who christened - it Ouaboukigon a name which subsequently shrunk into Oua b.iche, and has finally as Wabash been given to the last tributary of the Ohio. It is curious that a kind of stigma seems to adhere to the name, for even now the good people of Indiana and the West generally are fond of saying of a man who has been cheated, that " he has been Wabashed." At one time, when the " dark and bloody ground" of Kentucky and Ohio became famous among the whites, the Indians also telt inclined to call their beautiful river rather the Blood Biver, so fearful had been the scenes of carnage and cruelty eaacted on its fair banks. One of the youngest Srates, Idaho, well deserves its poetical name, l-da-hoe, the " gem of the mount ains," and the name of the river Motion gahela flows as smoothly from the lips with its liquid notes as the far-famed rye whiskey distilled on its banks, which is known all over the Union by the samo term, in contra-distinction from Scotch and Irish rivals. On the other hand, the much-discussed name of the greatest waterfall on our continent has been stripped of all the poetical meanings given it by writers whose imagination exceeded their knowledge. Neagara, the original word, taken from the Seneca Iroquois dialect, has no connection with cataracts, but means prosaically, across tbe neck," alluding to the course of the river across the neck or strip of land that lies between Lakes Erie and Ontario. A similar idea underlies the word Mitchilan in the Ottawa dialect, which was origin ally given to Mackinao, and meant "fences," as if the island were lying fence-like before the Upper Lake. At least so says Rev. Mr. Fierz, a missionary among the Ottawas; but Allouez, bis French predecessor, calls it, a few years before, ilachihiganing ; the present word, Michigan, is evidently an improvement upon both the former names. American' ima, by Jlev. Scheie D Vere, LL. D. A Fight for Life. The Liberty (111.) Tribune reports the following : Near Harlem, in this county, a well dressed and respectable-looking woman was walking along near a drove of Tex as cattle, which were being driven by. One of the animals, a cow, got separated from tbe drove and met the woman. The cow attacked the woman, pushed her down, and was thrusting her with her horns, when she was discovered by Mr. Henry Wilhite, who, seeing the woman's perilous condition, rushed up and commenced beating the cow over tbe head with the butt of his whip. This only infuriated the cow more, so that she threw the woman with her horns into a ravine and followed her still thrusting, nnmindful of Mr. Wil hite her antagonist About this time, Mr. Andrew Foley discovered them and ran up with a billet of wood, and com menoed beating the cow with all his might This had the effect to turn tha attention of the cow from the woman to Mr. Foley. She closed in with him he, being unable to use his stick any longer, grappled her by the horns. Mr. Wilhite joined in this death struggle, and while it was going on managed to get out his pocket knife and cut the cow's throat and so the fight ended. Our In formant says that tha lady, except some bruises, is comparatively unhurt Hats of the kind Jost now worn by ladies are said to be reproductions of the styles worn for tha !.. kn.HnH I by tha women of the Swiss cantons.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers