The miners' journal, and Pottsville general advertiser. (Pottsville, Pa.) 1837-1869, December 12, 1857, Image 2

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Alintrs' )0460:
" POTTSVILLE,_ p
sATvaumr, onoaxis*u 119, iIBbTS
'an, tin:CnnfittlON can par=
I -
Rapariasea Rea obsmailon pro,* bsTond - 14
pole tbs., a govorwatitit i failing to ptect
'people, lo chief loitr4seot sikeol pr
dation, erushlag bushu", sod: 0%4114 the
_ .
etiolate avenues vberehytioung • men meth:ups
.. to reach lithenes s or I ati teasel" obtain; a rem
, analeient for their? triage. : W ith ( basic;
.• prostrated by 'an ill-advised polity that tenter o
oar shorts — the produete of , Fadly reionnera
Berepeen labor, what , encouragement can le y re
. be fora young •mati to ! enter iinto comps* n
( with capital and expiniente?; Be may try. e s
&
•• ,many • bars, but the 'result 14 D Cin o
ui+ o
roes,
roes, high.spiritea, ambitious, !lie cannot, h • ok
the stingeef fortune; oritemelY bear flier lo , Its
perslitently beeped op p atient instil. Ice be ! es ,
in place of a respected, ~thoreOgh.goilig of
bathed, 'what i Too o ften, sok mere epee% , r,
or:descending still lower In tbeseale, ispoll4 an.
•
Not a inert whose' starlit:4lOn , ire whq ly fti the
'welfare of Ills country, but a ':h_raielh i g, 10 , 11
inSu
, ing,• pot-house deegoem, whose) soli. ob tis
Milf.aggrandisement, the spoils that w it oe ty
triumph. Let us not' he 114 1 / 4 1. of pain g 4
• ture . from imagination. The o easels are'
eon in every community. The loss o b nest'
1. b 1 the withiliawat frotai 1,0 peae f at, ii , nest
paths, of Jona& active Wilts, is • nealciii . le,
while their demoralisation ea lase Is saiti The
primary fault of all titis!litts with rho ' ! ern
,,.
ment. • In its (allure to, foster, and 1 otect i giti.
mate business, ' , we trace the', cans ee that atrh
from the months of the labiiring an 1 d hie
family, the bread. that he would Will oglY ! , j i til by
,i,
the sweat of his brow,but cannot ; at ey e our
factories, rolling Mills end fernaces ; that i
our merchants ! and drive Lo'isprieulDon lei
, 11
pool of political filth, the yeerigom n of t i ii'
try. Do we over - estimate ltbeietuises as i .
them at the doors 4 the flotrertnent fr .
i cute a comparison then .for Yourse f, mid'
see if we with too fres a beta In on
Take for instance, the comparative effee l '
country of the tariffs; of 1842 ad 18/;.,
though we do not wish to Make a arty I'
this eithjeet, yet the trisolnin of t e one!
11,, ~..
tqlly of the other should ;evera pre'
11
brought forward, k for they ;; enter intinia
tM
.rour condition past e • piesent, and -
measure have respectively, Protee ed bee ,
°Ulna the densortilitien • irhieb we dept
Look at ibis picturtt I lc. M a eclud4
shut in on all sides by guardian hills 1!
forest . clothes the sides Of th e
mouCi
slope gradually. ,ilowc to the level grditi
suit is fertile; but has never' yeti felt th ,
of cultivation, A ferious etiewth dashi
'the midst of the valley, teemingj , i , rapetni
ite rocks that lie sCatteted in i couri
• lively spot, but wild, rude and t
hind of civilisation! ; ;
A 'clitinge comes! over: this
( tuiet,on M. of en
otherwise busi'leol'ld. , Te l e p rpoce its crea.
tion—iti utility to :man 7 Llisis lee see and ep.
II
prerinted. , The vrtld, roaring streani h as been
made subservient V; man's wan 1. Its! r otuosi
/
ty is, now eteptoye4 to :facilitt i,l ttbi perations
of art . A large msnufactory rises i the midst
of the secluded vile, 'W,tbe aid; oft li . confined
•elsenin; Co , nstiticte,d of 'those °eke 1 bid were
scattered , over ite!'eboritiel. The 'fo ' et is 'cut
down. The cottages of ithe epfrative lie along
under the shelter 41 tbali4e, and a :road street
.runs in their frolit, ; aliveLwith en tad*
well paid population: : Artificers arc
,the various tradea, and employ eats, l
d
and thriving community. heir Ii
dwellings arise nader the shad of die
,with each its litlle garden pot Or
is
ground._ The foneigrinr brings his)
his 'Disunity and ' his capacity or 101 l
i
shelter and food ; and ample MI ploy
laborer receives eenit4nt veer and
those essentials to his bappine a.
si
lug farmers, whodu never vi Red t,
nook but on some( hunting l eeuraioe
amusement, ' novr:briug •theirl
load
produce, sad find a ready mairket
price for all they:can roise, [ ' I
The'oree of silo sheltering bill
from their reservoirs' and converts
thing benilloial to man. A/Itetir set
—a new class of workmen 7 -ar
The forge and tke furnace ari
Von of the valley. ; A: new i
. with another set: 9f industric
now erected. The'valley
_tears
tion—each routrialli helpingi,
prospering tuidisr a policy that enter
orits infinity and rewards Anscriesur
. Now took Milli. iiietid l e ! A e
policy takes plane. • The Govlr i r i nue
foster its own industry , arid sal . its
a
tiles which this Valleilsreduces, to
' try from foreign" lands at-so ldw a
owners aro enabled; to .udderlsell
produdeis. ' Thei r capitalist, who. li
,prnaperiy of this happy. VANy, rd
t
e a while at a loss , hoping for b tter l
minishes the wages of his,wor i mei
better compete "with ihe Ipat 4-
land, lbw'' carrying;trouble ar
ry family dependent upircy.hitr
• this expedient 1 foilii. 'lla ca
those capitalists of 1134 rope a
work done for twenty eentis. `'i,
tad with foreign, iraportatiens,
lie unsold on his' shelve's. :His
lug to stern theitide.. ile"gtvi
And. retiree to obscurity—a rui
Rat that is ill/i, all-4ith 14
'others., tiependiiht neon him .
In iiiiie—thougS he'tuai hue
tire -he has Culloyetbus it
this ;treat ft" of i hundredts. T
closi"ti„ anal stdpda!in gloont)t
fve'rtitig on ti,ie treed *treat , ti
' 0ver,21.4 rtrikai!. Tits aunalto "!•ci
gee :no more ?tap up Vie in
groppe or inet' i ry Ohildren n i
from the vpori doors—tlio mi
paid industry no nterce - i inwt a
but tho rtreattl . reurtuntit ti 4 1
forest Rua ( . q.bito.yli.f y e
the who and .4 10111 :nchtl j wl l e'.
• %Ito upper 4nrt,. sf:tatir valleY
frottt'bf the soimefhessiy; 111 w,
..
lio stuttered tunituf on the non
sound ct the triP•hanuner in th/
tits firer Si' t e f4inteee ere, rxiit
1 1
no• rinolte dioftia; Sip the frill
chiturtept-oll!iti talent tie ' 7
ley; . '!' i• • •• ,i
' '"--tern ec hoes rind its
•,, Rosousid tike voices f'
Thesis are plinikreafamili
n i
the second i NO familiar
'man and t e',.*terprisin
/
piney that i refers to due
such happyialleys i that
natiOu dow ld'. depende
r sode which astliht he: LA
Ac.; that piiiliiits to !lei
sends etriersii ti p gold
what we,ml i ghti:l# l lintlfe.c
l
Also keeps i'!ossii legitia i
youn g men i bitiet tliikaz
ir
'responsible, reincetabt Po
opportunity been offer kill
0 worth priaservingli 44
tisswitet desisly s itirotried.L
7
•" ' ti i '7 4
___•., ' ----- r: ;
' . Filintaati er :1711L iICtILY . PLAWFOIW.— T he
funeral seririeei of this 446 gaished 'American
sculptor ware' 'celebrated!. dni. I:41/es Chapel,
New. York on Saturda y lisst. The'eeffin had pre
iiianely.he itransfereed * l rma tie ablitSouthamp.
ton, to ti '; vestibelsiolltba hurelilipon the
coin, a d
breast of t a co ovar ng the Viler plate
on 'bids the name and age w ro eagraiiit o lay a
cross wronibt is nide al i war work `` dan
erergreenierseth wee pl sad ' at • the lesieTri
members of th e faraily i of e deceased, it : ,s
large inntOciior biiirel thy and friends,
I L
of :tie tit inttfatlo and ;
Were y men of tbe
were pre eat ' on this e 'lei . * ly interesting Mess
sten. At the ' appointed oat (hi ion seas borne ,
to the etaticel preceded by e Rer. Dr.!, Berrien,"
Rector o f Trinity Churn ', r.lforgai illx, '
Wf
Si. Pani l ls; arid Rev ! 11 lair Young and Weston ,
i
of St. Jcpr4 Chapel, nd i he following named
geptiemen err elßeinie it s ell•Loarerir— Chas.
Sumner, G. . Curtis , Mi. Renee% Mr; Rossi.
Ur, n. ~ 'lsciertrian, Pro . dreese, . Prot Lie:
41 ft 1
her and Thnusear Rick k ' t' the •
eerseininen ef
the seieleri,!lbe bad" borne le drrepwoO4
Cemete4sed depoefte rararily to the Waite
irstaltsi is;JJotis Wm
' I !•,1 • I,
-A Li:eniQl'ves.iess
set!,o4l 40 111 4 p oi
Moe Itetic.4 It is chcii
...It
• ..14: . 1 .
'coldest's llllisaage.
Fillese.eitisses or the Senate l and Resta of Rep
restoratives : ..
[ . ln obedimzektethe
. commatta of tbe.etzustitts ! ,
' Goa, it has bow townie my duty "to givertO Con.
great information of the nuts of' the Union. and
recommend to their consideration such measures"
as I judge to be ”necessary-end ezpetlient"'
But first, and above an, our thanks are due to
Almighty God for the imamate:us benefits which He
has bestowed upon this people, and out united
prayers ought to ascend tO; Him that lie would I
continue to bless oar great republic in time to
come as He has blessed it in )time past. Since the
adjournment of 'the last Congress our constituents '
bare enjoyed an unusual degree of health. Thee
earth has yielded her fruits )abandantly, - and hits'
bountifully ; rewarded the toil of the husband - men.
Ourgreat stapler; have coin mended high prier*, and
up to within atrial' period, our manufueturiug,
mineral, and mechanical ocitupations have largely
pertakezref the general pro city. We have pos
sessed all ilia elements Of Material wealth, in rich
abundenee, and yetmotwithstandingalt these ad
•vantagee,rtur Country, in its monetariinterests,
Is at thpresent moment dn a deplorable mondi
lion.-I- • -I . , -
In lite midst of unsurpassed plenty in all the
productions of agriculture andin all the elements
of national Wealth, we And, our manutaatures ads
penAed, our •publie wor k retarded, ;our private
enterprises of different kinds ithandened, and
thousands of useful laborers thrown. out of em
ployment and' reduced to ;want; The revenue of
the geovemmeat, which isithiefly,derived from du.-
tleS'On imports from el d , has been kreatlyre
deiced, whilst the approp,istiona made by Con
gress at its last session for- the etirrenefiteal year
aritt,very lards in ertiount.; .
-•
m
,
Under these eireumstanees a loan ay be re
quired before the close Of your prompt session;
but this, - although' deeply to be regretted, would
prove to be Miry *,slight [misfortune when - com
pared with the suffering'e nd distrese, prevailing
among the , people. ' Wit this the government
cannot fait deeply to sy ; pethise, though it may
i
be without the power to extend relief. •
It is our )duty to inquire what boa produced
such unfortunate results] and whether their re
currence con.he prevented . In all, former reel:a
liens the lame might hive been fairlyhttributed
to a varlet, of co.operating, eauseet,)but not so'
upon the present occasion. It is apparent that
our existilig misfortunes have proceeded solely
froM our errevagant arid vicious eyelet" of Ta
per curren sr and bank ereditr,excitiq the.pepple
to . witd speculations ati gambling ) in stocks.—
These revasions must c ntinue to recur at mecca.
sive interiala so tang as the amount of the, paper
currency tied-. bank leans - and discounts of the
country abill be lift to the discretion el' font.
teen hundred , irresponalble banking institutions
which troin the 'very lair of their nature will eon
stilt the biterest of their stockholders rather than
the prairie welfare.
The fl amers of the constitutio n, when they
gave to d ongress , the power "to coin money and i.
to replete the value thereof," nail prohibited the' ;
States iroM coining money, emitting bills of credit,
or ankles anything but gold and silver coin a!
tender, id paymentof. debts, suppdsed they had,
protected the - people ageinst the evils of pri exces
sive and jirredeemable paper currency. They' are
not responsibletoe the existing anomaly that a
government endowed With the sovereign attribute
of euinittg money end ) regulating the value there-
of shoul dhave no power to •provent- others from ,
driving a ris coin out of the country end filling up 1
the chi eels of circulation' with papershich decal
not represent gold tin d silver. -j..: .-, 1
It is one of the highest • end 'moat traponsible 1
duties .6f, government to legate! to Gm' Vitro :
a sounth circulating medium, the amount tiVie ith -
Ought tii be adapted.ith the utmostpossiblevete;
tom and skill to the , Wants of internal trade and
foreign 'exchange. If) this be either greatly shove
or greatly below the proper standard,'the market- •
able value Of every mares property, is increased or
'diminished in the garde proportion, and' injavtice
to individuals us well) as incalculable evils iu'tbei
com.eunity are the donsequencet. ~- . , •
Unit,' tunetely, under the conetructio'n of the 1.
,
, federaldestitution, which has new prevniled too l•
F
long to be changed. this itoporta.ot and delicate;
duty has beeu 'dissevered trottithe &tieing; power ;
and virtually transferred to u4re than todfitecul
hundred State hankr, , acting independently of each I
other, Mad rdgulating their paper issues almost exs I
elintielyby a regard to the present interest of
their stockholders. Exercising the! sovereign pow- --
ler of pa riding a nailer currency; instead of coin,
for the+ountry, the first duty which these banks
owe to 'the public is to keepin their vaults a suf-1
(Merit amount of gold and silver to insure the
convertibility bf their notes into coin at all times
and under all circumstances.. No bank ought
ever toj be chartered) without 'Melt restrietious on
its business es to tteeure this result. - All other re.)
I
strietions ere comparatively 'Chili. •
: ThiaiiS the onlY true touchstone, the only of
'Beient :regulator •of a paper currency—the only
one which can guard the public against over le-
sues and bank suspinsiong. As a collateral and
eventll security itlis doubtless wise, and in-all
eases o - ght to be required, that
,banks shall hold
an ameent of United States Or State securities
equal td their notes in circulation and pledged for,
their redemption. 1 This, however, furnishes noi'
'adequate• security legalese over-issues. On the,
contrary, it may be perverted to inflate the cur
reney. i Indeed,ii, is possible by this means to
concert at the debts of the trotted States and
State Governmentl jet° hank notes, without'ref.l
erenceito the specie fel:wired to redact:l,omm )
However valuable these securities .ml%) , be it
themselvei; they Cannot ho . converted into gold
and siiver at the Motnent of pressure, as our cape.'
rience Seaches, in sufficient time to prevent bank
suspensions and the depreciation of bank' notes.
In England, which is to a considerable extent a
paper-tneney country, though 'vastly behindrour
own id this respect, it was deemed advisable, en
'hector to the act Of Parliament 'of 1814, which
wisely separated the issue of notes front thebank
ing department, fir the Bank of England always
to keep on hand and silver equal to one
third tpf its combined eitculation and deposits.
if tpis pruportion was no More thin sufficient
in ma" the con vertibility of Ma notes, with the
wboleof Glint ll:sitain, and to .some rxtent the
continent of Europe as a Geld! for its circulation,
rendering it flutist impossible that a sudden and
immediate run to a dangerous amount should he
tnatle . 'upon it, the same proportion would certain
ly he linsufficient under our banking system.—
Each of, our fourteen hundred bank* has but a
limitetbeircutuferenee for its circulation, and in
the course of a very few days the depositors and note
holders might demand from such a bank a suffi-
Meet hmouet in Ispecie to coMpel it to .suspend,
even although it had coin in its vaults equal to
one-third of its immediate litibilitics. ,
-Anti yet I amlnot aware, With the exception of
the•bitnks . of Isessieiena, . that any (State bank
throughout the
i tssnion bus been required by its
charter to keep ithis s es any miler proportion of
gold-arid. silver Compared with tile amount of its
combined circulation end fl'etissits. What ling
been the consegnence ? t'sisi it recent report made
by the Trea.ury r Departinerit on the condition of
'the bank's throughout the different States, accerd
ing to return, dated nearest to Jan., '57, the agav
e:ll.e eniourt of actual sprope in their vaults is
$53,349,538, of, their 'circulation 521.4,788,822 , .
and of.,,their denosits $730,351,352, -thus it op.
pears that these hanks in the aggregate have eon-)
sidersbly fees 'than one dollar in seven of goldl
anti silver cempared with their circulation and de.
posits,
1 , •
It Hat , palprilde, therefore, that . the very first
pressure must drive them to suspension, and de.
priye the people of a cooyoilAo currency-with
I all its dint:twos consequences. lit'is truly won
derful that they should have ssi tong continue,! to
-preseiee their credit, whe&st demand for the pny
.metit ef one.seventh of -their :itninediate •lialiili•
ties would harO driven theta into insolvency.—
Add this is the condition Of the bunks, notwith
standing that four hundred millions if gold from
California that flowed in upon sus within the last
eight years, and the tide still continues to fl sw.- s -
Indeed, suc h has ,teen the . ; extravagance id bank
credits 'fiat the banks • noir hold &considerably
less amount 01 specie, either in proportion to their
capital or totheir cirenlatiori and deposits coins
blued, than they did -before the diseovirry of gold
in CAifornia.l• ~ 1 •
Whilst in the year 1848stheir specie in propor
tion to thei capital we' snore than equal to one
'dollar four nnil a-bstf, in 1857 it does not
of to one dollar ifti...eyery six dollars and
thirty-three Tots of thkiii capital,, In the year
ISIS the specte was equal within a very Mall
fraction to one dollar in five of their circulation
and deptisits;) in 1857 it is noteqesl to ono dollar
in seven anda half of their circulation and de
posits. - • • .
From this tatement it is easy toaeeouot for our
'financial history for the last forty years. . It has )
been a.histor of extravagant expansions in, the i
business of t e country, followeilihy ruinous eon- )
tractions.t successive intervals the best and)
most entcrpr sing men have been tempted to their)
I
'ruin by exce sive hank tans of mere paper credit,
exciting them to extravagant importations of for.
sign geode, m iqd speculations, and ruinous and de.
moralizing stoek.gambling. IVhen the crisis ar
rives, as arrive It must, the baelts can extend no
relief to the people. In a, vain straggle to-redeem
their liabilities in specie, they are compelled to
contract their howls and their issues; and at tart,
in the hour of distrees,lwhen their assistance is
most needed, they and their debtors together sink
into tneolvenry,
• SW'
• d the
coun
t, lay
Insti.
r, r oad
color.
on tho
for al
. tter of
nil the
in A ndy
.4 Into
kgreat
eas and
valley,
A dense
ins that
d. The
iplough
through
'sly over
trious and
needed in
i an active
onsfortahle
mountains
1 pastime
kilt In art,
r , finds!
, eat. The"
good pay—
; e neighbor-,
• la sheltered,
In a day of
vtagons of ,
;d a steady
re brought
Into some-
. ,
operatyell
introduced.
noodles etf .
of coltagtie
abi tonic; are
its popula
her and all
Irages Atneri.
labor.
stip in that
t refuses to
he same arti
. ter the court
tte, that their
he American
built up the
.5 his mill (or
Imes. Ili, di-
, ,- -
ipe;s
4t fig h e a , t o h f ,l E u r g y
d a int' , into eye
. fro' support. But'
anri contend with
bol, in gen, dray's
he ~ arket .
.is glut
en h is own wiods
,
effu is an LlOAVtiiii
fined
. .his business
inett,mun. 4 .
)cri ' are fall many
oral ily food. , Jlis
...
pn, 4 every opera•
;Og, t dorolotiort to
e, .anutartory is
n sdent grandeUr
desliei wildly
the quiet eottn
ntnin side ;the
c burst gko
thfong onwJll
twolid utreet—
xiie,nce of the
ng sigh tlat;ougb
'too feels the.ef.
The piles.of ore
rain's eicie4-the
prge iP silent—
guMied, thsrs is
de [ruin it, loos .
bo Ilebertm,l ral-
(
atoll,. tread
tb doitt."
u
r.ttx . he country--alas,
1
to ill etuttly working
; Fr nufacturer. The
and ruin •hundteds of
pre re to - chain this
e Europe for the
de , t home, for iron,
rd ! reign labOri that
fC ifonlia to pay for
ore' hero; Chia; t policy
• 1; ;inert myriad* of
rife t" would bo . fi lling
ut in life, Lad the
Ia rachn poli.
le answer . Who are
• itio
the..
is this i taper systeM of extravagant ripen.
alto, raisin the nausinal price of every article
far beyond its teal value, when compared with the
Cost of similar articles in countries 'Whose circula
tion it:Wisely regulated; which bar prevented us
from competing in our own-markets whet foreign
manufacturers, has produced extravagant i=por
' tattoos and /has counteracted the effect of the large
incidental protection afforded to onr domestic min.
'tinctures by the present revenue tariff._ flat for' '
this the branches of oar tnanufactores composed
of raw Material*, the production of our own coon. ry—such is cotton, iron and woolen fabrics—
.would not Only have orapotred almost exelaklve
ostession of the home market, but • would hats
'(Coated for:themselves a foreign market through-I
iiikthe week'. •
- pgplorable, honorer, as may be nor present;
fitutnit t :Ondition, we may yet indulge in bright
hopes, ahe Andre. No ether nation has ever
existorillich could hare endured such violent
axpau nd coca rietions of_paper credit with.
out lastin ury; yet' the btioyatiey ht youth,l
the ever •at poputit ion, an 4 the spirit. which i
never quail* ore difficulties, will enable us soon
to reeoverltt*ogr present damsels! embarrass
meat, andlifatiCiffe - "On occasion neapeittlily to forget
the lesatmamtla havataught. •
In the meittrili4 gdgero..
meet by all , to aid
tet stferiating the sdfarlnti'• - Heitz': occa
sioned by !the saspetudon of thobsolovilmtbpre.
vide against a reetirixems Ortke tame - toltintll3r
f 1 •
•i• , .
'rho Atarileas
,b 1 Yowler I pre y
well as, useful.
THE PRE: DBMS ,MESSAGE.
FIRST AIsiNITAL *EssAor.
OF
JAMES BUCHANAN;
President , of the tt,td states
MUD of ocorosisi.--mrsseay, DZQ. gm,
11167.
Unfortunately, la either lapest of t the.eaeti, it eats
do but little. Thanks to (be independent treasury,
the:evenly:mit has eint,cespopdcd point:int, as it
was eettipelled to do by theilailure of the banks
In 1837. , It will continue Pli:disdharge its -liabil•
iUertolb. people Ili gold_ii s nd; Its dim—
burconacpts Meek' will painisto, eircidation, and.
utsittinclly &Mist in vestorterg.a si.und currency.—
From its high credit. should' we he entripelled to
inekti t a temporary loon, it can b e aectid on ad
vantageous-terms. 'This, however, shall, if -pos
sible, be avoided; but, if not, then .th/ amount
Ant be limited to the lowest prkati $l is sum.
I hive,
,Unrefore, determined that whilst ' no
useful - government wcwittalniady in piogressibalt
be suspended, now wcirks, not elrearlitallmen'364,
boli_eatpoticd. it Ihitcan be dune:Without in
jury to the country. Those n : for its de
fence shalt proceed as though tail beim no.
crisis In our monetary straits.
,But the Federal Governwienty cannot do ninth
to ptovidtragainat a reeurronen of eXiiting evils;
liven if insurmountable tionstitutiot4objectiona
did not dist against the ereetion orp National.
Bonk, this would furnish' riti adequite4reventive
security. The bistory'of the; last' flank or the
United States abundantly proVels the truth of this
astbrtion. Such a bank eueld not, if it
iegaiate the issues — and creditit lotineen` hun
dred State banks in such a manner ait to prevent
the ruinous expansion/ and.rontracdotitt in our
currency which afflicted the country;; throughout
the eiisterma of the late bank; or amnions against
future suspensions. In 1823 lin effort was made
by the Bank of England to ourtirl 'the isseles of
the country banks andel...Oat/post favorable cir
cumstances.
The paper currency. had been eteniulded to e 'ru
inous extent, and the Bant pet'forthell its power
to contract, it in order.to reduce pieta and restore
the equilibrium of foreign 'enthattgeol. It Accord' ,
inglit commenced nisystem , iif curtailment of ye
loans and issues, inqhe yarn - hope. that the joint
stock tied private banks. of the king em w,onlit be
compelled to follow its example. ;Irfon.fd, bow
evevrthat mi it contracted they expended,, and at,
the end td the process, tO employithe language of
a r tery high official authority, "whatever reduction
of the paper circulation was effedtedity the Bank
of England (in 1825) was more than made up by
the issues of the country Wilts."-
But the Bank of the Uoited gtates would not,
if itcontl, restrain the issuer nod loans or the
Slam hanks, because its duty as a regulator of the
currency must often be in direct Ocialtiot with the
immediete interests orlitileteekbeiderr. If we
expect one agent to restrain' or:Centro! another,
/ their interests , must, at Aeostlin . ....ee:tne` degree, be
antagonistic. But the'directori of Hank of the
, United Stems would feel the , same into t sail
f the Canso inclination with the director, of the
State banks lo expand the enrrenet, to aceommee
date their favorites and friends, withloati, and to
declare largedividends. .Such hie born onr'ex
perience in regard to the laAt hank: -
After all,Sre must mainly rely : upon tbepatri
onset and wisdom Of the Seetes %tithe preventioo
, and redreseef the evil.. If - they ,twill afford, us a
real specie basis for our piper eir r ielatirm by in
creasing the denominationief bank notes, first to
twenty, and utterer:tide to fitly 'dollart; if they
will require that the banks shall at all times keep
on hand at least one dollar of gold and silver for
every three dollars of, their: eirculetionand depose
its; and if they will preemie by' self-executing
onaettneut,Which nothing.can arrest, that the
hunt they suspend they shall gelato liquiditien,
I believe that such iroviiquits, with a weekly pub : ,
Beano': by each bank of a statement o f its con
• dition, would golar.to keen: egg against (were
: suspensions of specie payinentS.l; . I,
Congress,
in my opinion , : possesses the power to
pass a unif orm bauktrupi WV .l iPPlicable to all
. banking institutions throughout the United States,
and I strongly reemninend its. exercise.. This
would make it the irreverethleerganie law of earl' .
bank': existence, that a enspeesiOn of specie pay.
meats shall produce its cl i vil death. The instinct
of eelf-prelereation 'trout ' thetilcompel it to per
forth its dunce in tuch , attnennOins to escape the
penalty and - prate - AM its life. t i , ,
Theexistenee et;baaki. sand the circulation or
hank taper tires(' identified with the hibite of our
people, that they cennotiet ihisdtsy be suddenly
abolished.svithunetnuch inntheditite injury to the
country. If vrecouldcenfine them to their sp. - ,
propeiate sphere, and pre,Visotthere frettn adiniont:
teeing tq the spirit of will ankruckless specula-.
'Hot by extravagant Inars end lesues, they might'
be continued with ttdca i tige. WI thb public. • ,
'.. s ' . Bat this 1 say, after teng.altd; much reflection :
If.,egnerienieshall prove it to be impossittle to en-
jot; theifacilities which !eel) . regideted batiks. tuiggt
afford, without niche ell-me time suffering - the.ce.
- landau iritirb the extessis di the bloke have
hitherto infikekti upon the country, it would then'
Le far the Weer evil toeprive4here altogether of
the peweetniseue elm 1
er currency and con fi ne
there to tlitOnnetiti n sn ..eatikel of depnalt,and dia
count. • .: - 1 • i ' .' • -
Our eatationftwith'fitieign giivernments , ere, up
on the whole, inn sans acterf;Condition.
.• The diplomathil'ditheulties ;"erhie , h 'existed be
tweet' (lib (leverementiof tleillnited States and
that of Great Britian': at the Adjournment - of the
last Congress have been 404 terminated by the.
appointment of "A Britlektetinieter to this country, ,
who has been eordlatits-ineetied:'
'Whilst it it greatly in.tblettiterascaa r am con. ,1
vinced it is the siocereideilre,;:"of the - governmentot;,
and people of the two MOW* to'be un terms oft
intimate triendshplwith eteettether, it_ hes Iticebil
our misfortune alniest Mietattn,'Whave bad seine,
irritating, if not dangero u s, netabilding question!
with Great Britain. t . I '.*:'-"-5
Sham the origin of the severnment we have
been employed' in negotiating' Bindles with that
power, and afterwards. in diseessingskeir true inJ,
tent end meaning. Ib this' riepeet; the cenvenj
lion of April.lo, 1850 eineriOnly vale& the Clay.i
'ion and Bunter treat y, has been the mist iinfor
mime of all ; because the Iwo sorternuniets place
- directly opposite ani cutstrailietory comitinetions
epee its'first and most important artiele..,) ' i
• Whilst in the Uuited 'States, we belle id that
this treaty would plans both 'powers upon an exact j
equality by the stipu l a tion thet neither will-over I
"occupy, sr fortify, of celort*, or assetne.oter,-
ercise any dousinianr over part of Central
America it is etnitendedby thu British govern t'
that Goitres construction of Ibis language hie left
them in the rightful kotteetslen atrial that portion',
of Central America atbieh, way in their ocaeopaneer
at the date of the treaty; in tact, that the treaty , lee:
virtual recognition oe the part of the IT...States ..1. , ,
the right of Great Britain; eitther.ns owner or pre.i
teeter, to the whole) extensive eriait. of Central
America, sweeping round fitlin the Bin Hondo to
to the port and barbered . gen Juan del Nicaragtia
together with - the . 4djacenti Bay Istands, - except,
the comparatively easel! portion of this lastweettf
the Sarstoon and Cape Honduras. According 'tot
their conitruction the treaty. does no more thins
simply prohibit thoth frOmeitending their possee.ll
sions in Central Awleriea beyond tho ;present limn = ' "
its. It is not ten Mach ie! i tissert that . ifin the
United States . the, treaty bed been considered simel
ceptible" o( such a teunstrnetion, it never would`;
have been negotietekt - under the authority of the
Presideut, nor wO la
uittit ikio received the , apprti.l'
.htlion of the Senn e., The universal conviction:; in the United Snit+ was,; that when oar goVerni
meet consented to !White lee traditional and tieing ,
honored policy, end .to stipulate with a' foreigti ,
government never' oateedpfr or sequins territory
in the . Central Anserinan Portion of our Lon eon; 1
tinent, the considerations !fur this sacrifice erne,
that Great Britain khintickin this respect at Mint,
be placed in the Some pennon with oursehree..- 7 .1
Whilst we care nulright le doubt the sincerity .or
the British government je their construction of
- the - treaty, it is_nt the sanso Gino my deliberate'
convictienthat tide einsftucticiu is in opposition,
both to its letterapdt its Spirit. -
• Under the late niltnintittitionnegotetiona•Wein
instituted between
,thej. Jiver governments foe the
purPoie, if nossibleint reinoying theta clifficulthis;
and a treaty having thiteldiudable object in 'de f er
woe signed 'at • London on the 17th of °Weber,
1856, and was "sithinittedibY the Provident tb the'
Senate on the foll owing . 10th -Of 'December.—
. ..Whether this • treniy; i `either in its original or
amended: form, itsbiad , biaritt aceompliehed . the ele.
jeet intended wia(mit giring tirthlo nee. and els
barraseing emnPlicatiorebetween the het' goietn.
Menu., may perha ps!. he hell questioned.) Curtain
it,, however, it was rendered much less Objets
. tienable by the dinbrentiltmendments made( td it
. by the Senate.) The treaty, as amended; was rot-
Med by me on the 12th'..,:ef Dinrcla, 1857; 'nod Watt
tt ansmitted to Ton y on for ratification i.),y' the Brit
'Wl gevernment; don
That!government expressed its
willingness to concur in all the ainentlatentemade
by the Senate with nlo", single exception of the
clause relating bi Rennin and the other islands in
the Bay of Horutures.;,.The article in theioriii.
nil 'treaty, as submitted to the Senate, after reci
ting that these 1 'Stands and Their inhabitants
"baying been' by n'eorivention.:hearing Aare late
27Geday of Atigust, 056, between her Britannic
At +sty and therepebtie of lloodume,consiiteted
and declared a free territory under the sovereignty
of the said republic eV lionduras," stipulated that
'' - thetwo contemning powers do hereby mutually
engage to reektdie and respeetin all (uteri time
the indepsodenceind:rights of the said nee , Mr
ritory as a pert ml. the republic of Hendon:to."
. Upon an 'exeminatioa of this convention be
tween Great Britain and Honduras on the 2.7 , h of
August, 1856; if was foetid that, whilst dee, ring.
the Bay - Islanda to. hes."afree territory under the' .
sovereignty of the re public di liondurae," it de
. prive4 that repeblic !Of rights unbent which, its
sovereignty' ve,r thenti;could sen•rely be Bald to
exist. It divided; them frost' the remainder of
Honduras, and gave rit their inhabitanten et-pulite
government of !their' harm, with legislative,'exectt;
tiro ' and judielal Orli:era elected by thentseires.
It deprived line.enterniuent of Handers' Rale
tieing power In every forme' and exempted- the
people of the Wendt:row the performances:lf mil
. itary duty exceptter their own exclusive defence.
It else prohibited that republic from erecting for
tifieatioas upon thettai for their protectlon-thus
leaving them'efen t6;intraeion from any quart e r ;
and finally, it provided "that slavery ;And not at
any titne hereafter be permitted to exist therein."
. Had Honduras ratified lids convention,: site
would hero ratified the eetablisbenent pf ntStete
-substantially indeptMdent within her one _limits,
and a State at i all - dates *abject to !WOW' lean
once and eonlink litireover, had the United.Statee
' ratified the treaty with Great Britain in its Origi
nal form, we ehoulcf bare been hound
..rto recog
nise and respect in nil future time" these stipula
tions to the prejudice of Roeder:sr. Being i n di.
reet opposition 10 the spirit end meaning Of the
Clayton and Helwei, treaty as underatdo d to the
United Stater, 'the Senate rejected the entire
clause, and satuffillited in its stead a siMple recog
nition of the sovereign right of Modems itsthese
islands in tbefolleising language: "The tin Con
...traetiog parties dri'hereby mutually °niece to tee:
`maim and respect the islands of Bustanelitsrooeo,
Utila, Barbaretta,4lelena, end Monti slitude In
the Bay of Hendurts, and of the cotter of the Ito.
Futile of Hubdertrie under the sovereignty end
as part of the sold: repuhlie of Honduras.",
Great Btiiti 'rejected this amendment, .as
'letting as the only, reason, that this ratifications '
oft he contesitiiik:of the 27th of AuSuati: liafie
between bee and Ilonduras, had, not :been "ex,-.
openged, risrhis to 'Ma hesitation of that
meet." . Itad this : been done , - it is stat ed that
"her Majesty's gasernment would have ; bad but
'Blue dilliettilj.in Species to the modifieetion pro..
posed by tbetSenite,whleh tben.'weald ;hate in
effeetthe same signification as the otiginat Wad
ies."' Whether' this would have Imenthe effect;
Whether the latele'aftetteenatuto of trto exchange
, i ; ...; -' • ' •
of thaAtigetitions of the Millets ibeneentleeititit
Honduras !prier In point of tints to the-ratification
of our treader:with Great Britain - .would,
,"In of
feet,", have had.. ;Nits "same Siguilicetion as the
- origini.l Wording," and thus nullified the emend
meat of the &rude; may well be deethted. It le,
perhaps, foyeastate that the ' quistiottlres:never
.
*Ann..' ~
. .'•
ThreStiti ,
government, immed=aftetnS:
isliti,tig the' 4%0 sill; amended, pro to emir
into ti noiet testy with the United Stables similar
. .. „ .
in all respects to the treaty which they had jest
refused to pUfy, irthe United States would mini.
'sent to add in thi Beitate'S eleat-land env:elided
'retiognitioll'ef the Sovereignty of Hendon* over
the Bay Lands' the following -conditheal, tape.
lationt4"Whenever and ea . :too:Vas the, repel:fie
of Honduras ,Ball havetteticitated 'and ritifieda
treaty with 'Great. Britaiti, by which Groat Britain
shall halm Ceded, and the republics . of Honduras
shill have 'faceepted the said islands, staled to
the proSishais tied condition s --contained In .each
...
treaty."i - . 1 '. ; 4 1* , 1, , '.., - ' ,
This preposition was, of course, rejected. After
the Bentiiibid refused 'to recognise the British
eonveptiOu with flondonur of the 21111'of August,
illSgi With fall knowledge of - its etateutty it was
impossiblaker me, necessarily igeorant of "the
' prottlairinineid eenditions':WhlCh might be inn
tained in; a future _convention . between the same
; ~, , , , .
partici', tolsanction Meals a dvance.
The feet is, that when. two nations like Great
Britain apd the United States, mutually - desirous
as they, exte,'aital I trust ever maybe, of maintain*.
lag lisitriint friendly relations . with . each other,
have antoktunately, concluded a treaty whiCh they
andersteed in ions. direetiropposite i the wisest
coursers to abrogate such a treaty by multsliesn'
II
sent and ie crimmenee anew: Bid this been done
promptly; all , ditßetaltiefin Central America would
moat probably, Cr. this, have beets adjusted to the
eatiefectien of. both "perties. The time spent In
disci:saint the meaning of the Clayton and %a
we: teititsTirouldlave beandeveted to ibis praise
worthylpturpose,. and theltresk- would bare been
lhe mantas:ally accempliabed, bantusti the interest
of the tete countries in. Contest America is identi
enl;beiejg congned to securing - safe traterits over
'all the;routes across the Isthmus.
Witilst entertaining these sentiment', I ;hail,
nevertheless; nut refuse to contribute to any rea
sonablhird. jastatent of the Cential American ques
tion' Which is not .praitically inconsistent with
the American interpretation of tha treaty, °Tor
tured fut this purpose have been reeentle - made by
the British governmen in • Wender spirit, Which
I cote:o4ly reciprocate iibuf whether this renewed
.
effort Wlll result in success, le m not yet prepared
Wei - Press an 'opinion. ' A hrief.peried will de•
„tervele4 . . . --
Kith'granee ear ant lentVelations of friendship still
cerntlrrair to .ezist. . Thai - germ* government haver I
several recent inetanees which need not belenumersted,
,eviiirceilli spirit of good will and kit:duve , towards our
'country' which I beadily reciprocate. I]. is, noteith
standluk, mach to he regretted that two nations whose
pirduCtions are blench a character as to ineite.thexitost
extensile exchanges and freest emomerdal inter:muse,
aboilidrimtinue to enforce aneleht and obsolete restrk.
thins tif trade age lust each other. Our commercial treaty
with France la in this respect an exception from our
troitate l with all other commercial nations. It jealously
herb* discriminating duties loth on tonnage and on ar k
tithe, the growth, produce, or manufacture of th* one,
country, when arriving in vessels belonging to the'
4th .
Sivatran linty years ago, oti the gil of March, 1815,
Comma passed an ad offering to All nations to admit
their Teasels laden with their nal tonal productions - Into
the pride ofthe United:Usti* upon theism. terms with
our owe vessel", provided they whirld reciprocate to us
slob* adeantagee. This net Maned tire reciprocity
• to the productions of the respective foreign nations who
might enter into the proposed arrangement with the
United State*. The act of May 24,1821, removed this
restriction, - and offered a !hailer nwiprerity to all such
reliable withont referent's to the origin of their cargoes.
Upon these principles, our commercial treaties and ar
rangements have been :minded, except with ' Frame;
and , let us hope that this exception may not long exh.t.l
Gar relations with Maeda remain as 'they have ever
hewn,-,-on the most friendly footing. The present Ern
netor,as well as his predecessors, have never failed, when
the occasion offered, to inabifest their good will to our
elm& ry: and their friendship has always been higly sp.
*kilted by the government edit people Of the United, l
Stales. - ~
•
' - With all othl.r,Ehrepenn governments, except that of.
Spain. our relntions areas pearefulkis we could desire.—
] regret to nay that no progress whatever has been made,
since the adjournment of Conveys, towards the settle.
ment of any of the numerous claims of oar citizens(
agetnat.the Spanish governinent. Benidee. the canner/1
demented on our Sag by the Spanish war frigate:Fenn
lana On the high seise, oil the coast of Cu l*, in March,l
di m , a t n t d
f d r e in ta g i n i i n ntgo the
Amaerrc ic h a i n n maelr steamer E s
l u D*
knowle4, - ;ed and unrearessed. The general toneand tem
' per of the Spanish government towards that of the Cob
trd,Stat *ant much to be'regretted. Our present envoy
extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to Madrid,
,has asked to be reca11...4; and 11, Is my purpose to send
:outs new minister to .13Priln, With Special instructions
Jei all questi o ns pending,between the two governments,,
'and - with a -determination to have them speedily and i
:ariticably adjusted. if this be possible. In the mean
, time, whenever our minister urger! Ithejust'clainut of our
eitisens on the notice of the Spanish goveinment;,he is,
i met with the objection that Congress hare never meda l
tileappropriation reconuneeded by President Polk in his
annual message of December, 181.7,"to be polo to the
Fperilah government fur the ,purpotst of distribution
*weep the delineate in the Amisted ease." A_ similar
recommendation was made by his Immediate predeeee
- milli his message of December, 1653; and 'entliely con
curring
with Leib in the opinion that thisindemnity is
. justly due under the treaty with Spain on the 1111:
October, lltti, I earnestly recommend an appropriation
to the loveable consideration of Congnws.
1 , A. - treaty of friendship and commerce was concluded at
Goestentinorde en the 13th December. 1850. between the
shitted States and Persil, the ratifications of which were
exchanged at Constantinople on the 13th of June, Ittal.
end the treaty wan prodalined by the President' on t he
18th of August, 1851. This treetyill is bellived, will
I ;prove beneficial to American commerce. The Shah heal
Manifested an earnest disposition An enitivald friendly
relations relth etre comer -31 and ,hies • expressed it strong
wish that we should be .represented at Teheran by a
.'3llnister Plenipotentiary •, and I recommend that sleep
'Pirmriation be toads- for lid. pu
~ Iterent occurrences In China have teen unfavorable to
a revision of the treaty with that empire of the 3d July,
1844. with a view to the, security and extension of our
eemmeni. The 21th article of this:treats , stipulated for
a redder, /vett, la ease caperfsees,ishout i l prove ,this to
1 -be requisite; "in which cars the two, governments will.
at the expiration of twelve yeses from the date of add
convention, trent amicably concerning the sabre, by
means of suitable persons appointed to conduct such ne.
means
These twelve years *spited on the 3d of. July, IMO:
;Ent long before that period It woe. ascertained that tin.
l portant changes in the treaty tore necessary; and sea&
!ral fruitless attempts Were made by the Commissiorierlce
!She United States toiled these change*.
1 Another effort was about to he made fur the Same pito ,
;,Pose by one Genimiankmer, In emijnottion with the min
liters of England and - France, but this was suspended
,by the occurrence of hoetilitlea In the Canton river be
r,4ween Great - lidtain and the Cbioese Empire.
r''t These hostilities have necessarily interrupted the
11`...4iide of all nations with Canton, which is now In ii state
', of blockade. sad have emasineed a serious loss of life
(Oil property. Meanwhile the Insurrection within the
*aspire against the existing imperial dynasty still enn
,-elesiee, and it it difficult to antk4eite whir. will be the
insilit. '
user these eireneastanees,J have deemed It advira-'
obi appoint a dist Inguish• d ellisen of Pennsylvatda -
,Ilinio7 Extranntinary and Minister Plenlpotentlary.to
preteriell to China. and tette:ill himself of any opportnel.
I timililljeh may offer to, Wed thanger in the existing
treatpihrorable to American 'commerce. Re left the
.Urdiedittetes for the,pmee of hie desillialion in July
'bud, in ties war steamer Minnesota. Sped al minist era tol
,Chloe lieft alto been appointed by the governments of
llreeltattaln and France. .
'.
Wldhiapur wielder has been Instructed to occupy a
neutrelpteltion in reference to the existing hostilities
et Canton: bawl!' cordially
.coaperate 'with the Milled,
andlfretellitiMilstera in all peaceful measnree to secure
by treatiatlpliatlons those just concessions to emu
"meree eirhiehtlio nations of the, world hare a right to
expeet,end,whieh China cannot long be permitted 16
withhald..; ,
..1';',:16, „
fromasetwaneecreeeived. I entertain no doubt t rial
the three Initibtinlilrill art in hartoottlOaa concert to ob.
lain rdmllareetu* , elal treaties for each of
terns tbe.poweral
they represent.: 7.1-,--v
We arena faU reel a deep interest In all that cori4
tes the velar& 41:4 Independent republics on one'
own eontinevit,literillga ot the empire el Brasil.
Oar digealtleraritlatew Grenada, which a short time
since bore be thresitlidieg an aspect, are,ltle to be hoped,
in a fair train or settle:wet to a manner just and honor]
able to botti tattlis...te.,._- , ,,,,,
ThelitUrteas of Cetitatr - Atnerict including that of.
Panama. is the met hfrilrmay between the Atlantic and.
Pacific, over which a • large'rportion of the Tromerce of
i
the world iatleptlaed' to tam The United States are'
more deeply Interested tbatX. , ,inty other nation in pre
ferring the freedom end eartietwof all the communics.
lions "rota Mehl-limas- Ifisfirer duty, therefore, to
take care that they shattnot ,beljnterrapted either by
invasions from Oaf Oillti lit by *ars
,between the
%dependent Stetted Control': • . len.
Under our treaty with Ne*Alnmada of the 12th De
eember, 184 ti; we are bound teigestranty the uentrality
of the Isthmus of Panama, thainglialdeb the Panama
railroad passes, "as
.well Si the elglttalkif sovereignty and
property which New Unmade hatrane over the
said Territory... Thisobligatkel la open equiva
!mai granted by the treaty %Om 'greniernment and pen.
pie of the United Stater. '-,,1,L-$'1...,
Under these circumstaneee, I reeenteientle Congress
the passage of an act authorfaing_the,Peaddept In case
o f necessity, to employ the laud and tertvallerices of the '
United States to miry info effect .thlegsetatitie of neu
trality end protection. I alto raceme:end - aimiler legis-
Litton dm the security of any-other route settee the
Isthmus in.which we may aqulrean itderest by treaty . '
Kith the independent republics - Imthfeelintlnent I
Is both our duty and our Interest to eultlvata the, med . :
friendly relations. • We can never feeltudifferent fp hale.
fate, and must always rejoice In their - prosperity.:l-I;_re- 4,
fortunately, both Sir them and fee us. our example ,and
adviee have ex pediti on s meth their Inflame In MmentalliMe
of the lawless which lave been fitted eat
against tome of them within the limits of our own epos
try. Nothing is better Calculated to retard our sturdy
material pro, ens, or impair our character as a ration,
than the toleration of such enterprises, in violation P .
the law of nations.
It is one of the first and highest dutlee of any lode
pendent State; In its relations with tius memberi of the
great family of cations, to entrain its people from acts
of hoeUleat %reed= against their citizens or subjects.
The most eminent writers on public law do not hesitate
to denounce such biotite seta as robbery and murder.
Weak and feeble States. like thefts of Central America,
may not feel thensel vVS able to assert sad vindicate their
rights. The ease would be. far different if expeditions
were set on foot within our own territories to mike psi.
rate war aninst a powerful RIO Inn. If such expeditious;
were fitted out from abroad against any portion of our )
own country / to barn down cities. murder and, plunder,
our people, and usurp bur gorepment, we ebeuld call;
any power on earth to the strictest account for not pre.'
venting such enormities.
Ever since the administration of lien. Washington,
ads of Congress have been in foie to punish severely
the trims of setting on foot a milltaryexpriltkat within
the limits of the U. Palm to proceed from thence
against a nation or State with stoat we are, at peace
'The present neutrality ad of April 20, 1818, Is hut lit- i
tie more than a collection of preexisting laws. Under,
this set the President Is empowered to employ the laud'
and Naval Farces and the militia, "for the purpose of pre
renting the carrying On of may such expedition or en
terprise from the territories and jurirdklion of the U.
States," and the edlectors of cutters. , are authorised
and, required to detain any reseal to port when there
Teuton to believe she Is ahent to take part in such law-'
less enterertseo-
When it wee Slit rendered probable that an attempt ;
would be made to get up atother„ onlewful expedition,.
NicsneAus. the fecretarybf State honed lostineo
lions to the marshala and dieted attonhys, which 'Orel
directed by the Secretaries of Wes and the Nasy to the
appropriate sunny sod navy came, ran - nixing them to,
be rigliebt, and to use thole best exertions in carry ingi
into effect the picrtislona of 1818. Notwithstanding
there precautions, the expedition has escaped from ear
shores. Such enterprises can do no possible rod to the.
country, but Lave already Ingle led mach injury both on,
its Interests anti Its charade,. They have Prevented
peaceable emigration from the United Statestothe Melee
of Central America. which could nottall to behlgidybei
medal to aU the part'es concerned: In a pecan/11q
point of clew alone, one citizens here sustained bereyi
Imes them the seisstre end closing of the transit route
I by the San Juan between the two oceans.
The leader of the present expedition was welded at,
'Neve Orkans, but was discharged on givingbail fof 4 4 8 1
appearance in the tasnMetent sum of gook
1 command the whole sullied to the serious attention
of Conyers, believing that our duty and one interest,
as well es our tottlottal character, require tisatwashiruld
adopt such meanies as will be afteelnal In restraining
otter litmus from committing such outrages.
I regret to White you that the President of Paraguay
his 'staled tO ratify the treaty between the United States
and that State as amended by the ecceate, the signature
of which was mistimed to the sewage ei my modece*
oar to Cinsgresa et the opening of its session Its Demo.
her,1833. the remota astlgped die this teasel will
appear In Um correepconteneeherewith submitted., -
it being dardrable to esteetela the Stele of the river
Lis Platte and Its transtarbalbenatigation Sy steam the
Veiled States steamer Water Witch wee seat thither Ibr
that purport In 111.13. 'thisenterpriser yea tineeeisdhily
carried on until fetinay s 1856 0 *btu' *Mkt la the
.
peavillietipatieteethati of her miyage lop the Tirana river, troths been at the rams time the head . 0
lbe AMA
ht he eithelnee Eanfired urn by a Paraggemin frit. The caned the LatterDay,farnts. and professes to Orem its
be was returned but as the Water Witch Was a - sololl neentiee and clieftelia;of their property ty direct insPiga
theee,andent des gds tor offeeetre operatkem. the re. thu and eatberiee from the Almighty. ilia pnVer, boa
tired freduthe =AIM. , The pretext upon *filch the at- been, theta:co. abwdate ever both Church:tied ;State. -
tack warmed, was a deers of th e Piesident of Peragnay The people Of Utah, almost exclusively - , belong to Ohl
of Ottober;lliti, pnihibiting foreign ethseleolarar umb e and believing, with a emetics) spirit . that beds
that
navigating the riven of that State% As Paraguay, bow- governor. at the Tertitory by tevine:appointment, they
ever, was tbe boner of but one bank of the deerot that obey - MS*3=l=mb a t e It these were. direet rerehtions
stmott,the °thee betonging to Corrientes, a girlie or the 1 from now". it tberefoi.. he theme t hit hie govern.
ArgointlitiConfederation, the right of Its government lo cant shall come in 4 eolUslnn with the lesererement of
inset that such ,it decree would be obeyed cannot be ; Ale United States, the lumber' of the Denton c'httrch
as hedged. -But the Water Witch was net. property email yield Implicit Obedience to frill will. I • ..
- spatting, a vesseSof war. She was I small' strainer en- ; Unfortunately. misting beta leave but little doubt
. Vied theeelentlfietielterPriseinteeded foe the advantage (bat :web tilde determination. 'Without tutetingnion
'of comaisereisi States generally. 'Mader them -dream- amtatate lobbies oe tiecuerthees, it Is solSeteet to ray
• etureesel sin restrained to consider the attack • spas that all tits edits
.111 of-the United States, Judith' and
; bee therojuseiffable, and as esdliag.foe mettenteflon bran meenthe, with the single mention of two Indian
'file Peragnalan government. - - Agents, have troutlit necessary.* theft! owe( Personal
.-. titans:meg thatlnited States, Alm, who; were estate safety to 'Miami( hem the Territory;ands.there no
.•`. - '..ittabed is budneme In Paraguay, hairalue=emireee- longer masatatiaygaternmenthr Utah. rut the dope
wised and tato:glean' them, and have beien hen of Brigham Young. This Wag the eendfflon of of
treated by the authorities in an Insulting and artdtmty. thin is the Territory, I could not mistake the path of.
' naltUnerothirh requiem redeem. ' - ' ' • • ' &JO'. Ali Chief Keret:five WORM% I 'Aragjboand le
A demand the these portents will be made in a Arm restore the meprenesey of rem Constitution i and Laws
but etheilistary spirit. This will the more probably be within its limits. In order to effect this put Poia, I ate
' glinted et thalisteentive shot:Mare authavity tour/rot*" inclined& pew Governer oed 'other federal' tfilters Or
eg means botheevent of a reheatth This is areosdleteir 132 D-endued, with them a Military tie. der their Mee
recommended. , • teetion, and to ale its a posse copra:shot, in ever of geed;
. i
- '
It is unnecessary he state In detail the ellatelne eon, l in the execution of the laws. '
. Anon of the Ter/heti of Kansas at the time of my in- With the religirees opinions of the efortnoth I , as long
a : dam, Ths oPPOdoS Milks then stoat to hostile as they remained mere opinions, however deeloroble In
array stgelnetthett other , and any ocellient .bright bare' themselves and retelling to the rimed and reeei eee ere .
relighted the names of civil um% . Besides at this mite ' timente of all Christendom. I eel no eight to interfere.
est morintokKansas ergs left without a governor by the Actions - alone, when in violation of the (( o t elit other and
resignation of Ger . Geary. ; laws of the Coiled States, heroine the legfrimile salads
On the loth of reenuey prove: es; the territodel leg• for the jurisdiction of Grovel! masletra he if; indent
'stature bad paned a law providing. for the election of (ions to Governer gumming hate Meet**, In framed
delegate* ore the Wel -Woodsy of inn*. to a coneent ion in striat aceordaties with these principles. - A their date
t o meet on th e Bret monday of September , for th e put , 4 hope was indulged that no Amenity mig ' exist 'de
paw af'fraosing a tenuditution preparatory. to admintion employing the military in teetering - and maintaining
f e t e the onion. This law was to the math fairand jute the aettiority of the law; but this bete bast - note •van.
and It is to be regrettedthat all the qualified electors bleed...Chyme* Young baa.by prothemattoo. declared
dinot registered themselves and voteit nodes Its - pro- his determination to maintain his power by force, and'
Thene. •. - has already committed acts of hostility against the UM;
At the time of the election for delegates, an intensive , ted States. Unleits be should retrace his steps the Ter
arganbettlon Wilt/din the Tenth) y, whose avowed ote drily of Utah will be in a state of - openreheibin. Ho
;rot it was; if need be to put down the; lawful govern- halt committed these acts of hoetility not withstanding
ment by foree, and to establish a' goverateent of their Major Tan net, in ofher of the Mtn yeeenti to Utah by
own under the thealled Topeka tonniteliog. The per the, commandinggeneral to ponchos/ pearl:ions Me the
sonsattathedeotblarevolatkineryorgenhationalestelmsd troop* had given him the strongest assurance* of the
front taking may pert In the election, ; peaceful intentiens of th e government , and timiL i tbe
The act Of the territorial herialatnrei had entitled to trcopiwould only be employed se a posse counts:taut wheel
provide Sarombmitting to the people the
._euestltution rolled unity the evil authority to aid in the execution
whirl' Wight be framed bytha convention; and in the, of the lane. '
aseited Meteor public. fueling througlitiet Rental An ape I Thereto - fiAbelleire that Gotereortlfoung tu
reaso i l
prehension extensively prevailed that a design existed • long contemplat this result, He knows lliatelbe con
- totem upon them a constitution in relation to sherry tinusucer.f his deseedie. power depends upon the melts.
against thole will. In this emergency it became my du- lion of ail settlers from I.l* Territory except those who
ty, atilt was eay unquestionable rightehat ing in view ' will seknoviedge his Divine ndselon and fty obey
the 'union of ill good demist/ilia seeped of the tees iteriel his will; and Mat an enlightened public opi nion them
laws to exposes an opinion on MORI* construction, of 4 ..wouldrueri proatisteinsiltutious at • war wh the laws
the proclaims concerning slave!, 'contained in the ore t both of Cod and man. lie ,bete there**. be several .
genie :eclat Congress of the 30th Mae, 1854. Congress I jean., in order to maintain his ledependenee, been in,
declared it to be -the truteluteet and; meaning of thisdefeat:may tentacled In collecting and &berating erne
net not toleaislate slavery into any Territory or I and munitions ef men and in diselplininethe Mormons
Dos to exclude it - therefrom, but to leave ehe people fre militery sortie& AA superintendent of Indian Af•
therecd veiledly free to gm:nand regulate th eir domestic elks, be has had an opportunity of tampering with the
Inatitutlmis in their own way." - Under It Kansas, "when Indian tribes, Anil exciting their hostile feelinge spinet
admitted as a State," was to "be reveleed into thelenicet the Vetted Steles. This, according to, our ;information,
with oewithout elavery, as their constitution may Me* he has accompltsbed In emend to some oflthene tribes,'
scribe at the time of their adrelssion.l • .',.• while ethers have remained trtte to their allegiance. emit
" 'llict Congress man by Ibis language that the delegetee hare econmuniCated his Intrigues to one Indian Agents)
-., elected to frame itconatitutlon thould bath cathode! Ile has laid in', a store of provident for; three years,'
'
finally to deride the queetion of Artery, or did they in• whtch, in ease lof necessity, as/ he Informed Major Can;
'tend by leaving It to the peopleihat the people of Kan- Vile. be will conceal, "and then take to theeenountainse
• sas thetriselees should decidethis,questfun pyia direct and bid deethee to all the powers of the .flovernceint.l
voter On this subject I confess I bth never entettAleed A greateartlof all this may he Idle j hemline; brit yet
a amines doubt, and therefore,ln ray luattudiona to no wise government will lightly eetiniete the efforte
Gov. Walker of the pith Illtretast. I merely raid that which may be inspired by such phrensiedfiroat 'elm as
when "a constitution shall be submitted to the people of eights among the Moneons lie Utah:this - the first re:
n . *di
the Territory, they must be protected In the kee of hellion 'ditch eau existed In one T rriterieet and be
their right of voting for or against _that instrunteet,and inanity itself moire, th at re she d put It deem ire
• the fate expr ession of the popular will must not be in- such a manner that It shall be the kat. To trifle with
tempted b y fraud or violeum." 1 'it wouldthe to epeourage It and to render lit formidable.
. In expreesing this opinion Items *from any intention We ought to go there with sorb en iteposlog :ores as to
to interfere with the decision of the people of Kauna s convince these deluded people that As, Mince would ,be
' either for or against slavery. Yreen thie I have always vein. andih*thare the effusion of lidoodt. 'We tan in
carefully abstained. Intrusted with the duty of taking tide manner beet conch/La there that ire are thelrfelends.
"care that the laws be faithfully exiteuted," my only dr not (bele enema a. In order to aievrepeth this object it
tire was that the ;tope's of Kamm should tumid' foam. will ha noceninry, according to the ettioutte of ttie 'War
gores the evidence required by the Meanie set, whether Dep:irtment, to raise four additional reghtlents; and this
-
fogy or against riavery ; at. din this manner smooth their. I earnesily recommend to Congresx. AC the meant nice
paseage into tbe Union. In emergi7fronithe condition meat of demeeeion In th e revenueetif the country lam
of territorial dependence into that. a sovereign State, Sorry to le; &peed to teconthend such a Measure; but I
it tea their ditty; to my opinion, tomialte known their feel confides of the support of Ce - trees , cost what it
;will by the votes of the majority', oft the direct question ' -inay, In eupressiug the lathered n add _in restoring
• whether this important domestic histirition should or apd manta tang the sovereignty f the Constitution
should not eonllitue .o ereet. indeed . : this was the only ' and laws overt e Territory of Ifteli _
' possible mode in which their wilt corid be authentically . I recommeed to Congress the tataMishinent of • Unt
il
ascertained. . toilet goveresnit r :ver Allsona, incorporating with -It
The election of delegates to a thntdition must Deets • such portions o 'Caw Mexico as they may deem °nth'.
sadly take place in separate district;'. - Yearn this cause eat . I need , re ly adduce argum ents in support of
it pony readily happen. as has peen :been the ease , that this, recomniendatiore We are nd Ito protect the
a majority of the peopl e of a State rel Tenitery are on one lives. ant property of our citizens obehiting Araona,
side of a question, whilst' a majority of the repreeentee and them are now withouCefficien pretection. Their
then bean the several district, 'etrewhich It la derided mrceent taunter is already consid bid. and is eapktly
; buy be upon the other side. This gases from tb e bet increasing, notwithstanding the desaikeantaftes neerr
that in emu districts d6l*:ides wee be elected by Mall which therlaber. Beldam, the proposed Territory is be•
', majorities, whilst in °theta those oe differentseutiments limed to be ;deli in mineral and'cultural resources,. may receive majorities sufficiently great not only to over- 'settee:Wile in diver and copper. th Midis of the Visited
ecome the votes given Mr the former , but to leaves large Slates to Calibrate are now carried over It thrOughout
maority of the itholeepeople in direct oppositith to a, Its whole eetent, end t hie route is knoWn to be the near
airl,
majority of the delegates. Besides: our bistory proves at, and believed to be the best to the Pacific.' • .
• that influences may be brought to ease on the represen' ,-'Long experiente has deeplyconvi me that a street
tativelutlidently powerful to induce hint to dierceard ,construction of the powers granted t Congress is the
the will of his ronstituents. The truth he that no other only true, as well as the only eafeeha ry of the 'condi
tul
eautheittie and satisfactory mode dilate ot ascertaining littion. Whilst this principle MI li tilde my pubic
the will of a majority of the peopi any State or Tee. .thnduet, I cousider it dear that slid e the war-nuking
eitory on =important and excitio q ueatldn like tbet power Congress ally appropriate thine for the construe
of slavery in Kansas , except by le 'ring it to 4 direct tion of a military read through tile Territodese of the
VOW, , Hew wiseethen, was It for eengresa A. pars over United Stales, when this is itheolutelylneceesary for the
oil subordinate and intermediate aitenciee,iand proceed defence of eny or the Stet, s against f eign inttution.—
, directly to the source of all legitimate power under our The constitution has conferred open enema rower to
intellutlousl ; , "declare wet," 'to raise and support minim," "to provide
llow.vain would any other principle trove in practice and °Wedeln a navy," and to cell I firth the milith to
This may be Muter:sled by the case of Kansas. Should e rred invasions" Throe high foreienepoweni novelised
-the be: admitted 'info the ithionewith a constitution I; ineolvelmpertant end responsible Public duties, and ,
either maintaining or abolishing elavery, Realest the among them there is none so sacred arld so imperative as
sentiment of the people, this could have no other effect that of preservit g our soil hum the invasion of a *reign
than to continue and to exasperate the exellingegitation enete*. The constitution has therefore,, lett nothing on
during the brief period required make the • conetitu• this polla til ts *instruction, bat eireekely regain* thee
tine conform tot he - Irresistible hill of the majoeite. "the UM
~States shall protect mit of them (the States)
the fr iends and supporters of tile Nebraski and Kan, :teeing In Ion." Now, If A .11atleji road cherotercern
les set, when struggling on a recent occasion to sustain
,Tetritorithbe indispensably name** to suable us to
• its wire provbeens before the gratetributial of the Amu melt andripei the invader, it Mote as a necessary
clean People, never differed Alma its true raelltittig on consequence mit only that we pope's the pow er , b u t it
' this subjeet. Ethrywhers throughout tee Union they is our imperative duty to lionatthet such a road. .ft I
puoliety pledged their faith and their brace, that they would be an absurdity to Invest al governmett with the
wopld cheerfully submit the question of slavery to the unlimited power tome* and condo war, and at the'
decision of the bona fife people of Xenon", without any same time deny to it only the mains f reaching and dee
restrietion or quallikationyrketeger. All were cordially (eating the enemy at }he frontier. ` Without such a
t
united upon the great doctrine Of popular sovereignty, road lt ittqtere evident that, we ean ot -. protect" Call
which is the vital principle of but free ins:itutione-- 'ornieand nor Pacific possessions •• galled invesione'
Uad It then been insinuated from; any quarter that. it• We eentrot by any other meat:rime' , rt Men and enn
' would be a sufficient. conipliance 111th. the requisitioeut Wept, of war from theidtlantie Stet In sufildent time
of the organic law for the members of a convention, successfaily to defend those remote Tddistant milieus
thereafter to be elected, to withhold the question °fah- of the rePublie. ,j. ,
very tram the people, and , to subetitette their. own will Experience has proved that the y ro tee west Omelette
for that of a legally ascertained majority Mall theireon. ^estrui oteentral. America treat best lint a very Isneertaln•
stlteents, this would have been enstantly rejected.— and uneatable. mode of cowman'u tion. But even if
Everevitene flay remained true to the resolution adopt- this weep not the ease, they would at once be dosed
ed on a celebrated occasion nettmotting"the right of I* against pain the event of war with a naval pow er 00 i
. people of all the Territories — facia '' Kansas and ha - much stronger than our own as to enable it to blockade'
l
braska—acting through the legally and lairty-expreseed the poets et either end of these routes,_ .After all; there-I
Will Of a majority °factual residents , ar d weenever the • tore , wejean only rely upon a militaey- road through our
number of their inhabitants justife; it. to form leconste Own territories; and ever since that'll& of the govern
tutheiewith or without slavery, rod ter admitted Into meat, Congress has been in the earac h es of approprialleg
the Union upon terms of perfect equelitywith the other money from the public treasury for the coostruet ion of
- Stalest:. . 1 a apt roads
e.. .
c
The convention to Icemen constltu ll on fthßensaa met The dielculties and thp expense c onstructing a mil.
on the first Monday of September lest. „They were eel. {tory railroad to connect our Atian And Pacitk Slates,
' led together by virtne‘of an act of thellerritoriat fragile have been greatly exaggerated. The distance _On the
latnre, whose lawhilexistenee bad been recognbied by Arixonei route near the ild paraleil of north latitude,
Congress in different throne anti byidiferent eneetinents between the western boundary of Texas on the itio
A. large proportion of the dough of Kansas did . not Gunk:ant the eastern bOundary boundar y "California" on the
think proper to register their names and to vote at the Colorado, from the best explored:lna now within our
election far delegates; but - an opportunity to d o this knowleage. does not exceee four handled and ;shear
basing been fairly afforded, their refusal to troll them- miles, And the face of the country 11, in the Mattel/hose
Selree of their right Mad in no falconer affeet the legal. able. rer obvious reasons the governmeut ought "not to
ity of the convention . _ undertake the work Itself by meansof its own agerite—
Tbe•convention proceeded to fraroe a onnstiletion for This ought to be committed to other agencies, Which
Kansas, end finally adjourned on the itheay of Nevem Congers might mist either by grants et land or money,
twie • But little difficulty occurred ln the conventitm:ex. or both, upon Such terms sad conditions se they may
cept on the subject of slavery. The truth is that the deem Moat beneficial for the country. Provlsion might
general provisions of our recent State constitutions . thus
ee s made not rasly for the said, rapid, and cemacierd.
are so similar—apd, I may add, sti excellent—that the cal transportation of (mops and Munitions of var, but
difference 'between - them is pot essential. U •der the also cie the public malls.• The cosomircial interests of
earlier practiceof the Government, no constifnt outran.' the whole country, both East and eat, wouldbe greatly
offby the convention of a Territory preparatory to Its p ro moted by such a toad : and, a to all, it would be a
adintesion into the Union as a Stale bad been enignltted powerful additional bond of unto .• And although ad.
to the people. I trust, however, the example eet by the vantages of this kind, whether Postai, econnerreial,or
- last Comes& requiring that the constitution of Inane- poiltleal, cannot confer constitutional power r yet they
sota.'ehnoldbe subject to the approv a l and ratification of may fernith auxiliary argumentsn tamer of eepediting
tbe people of the proposed, State , may be followed on a work which, In my judgmen t is tharlyeembnieed
-
:future °erosions. I- toek it foe granted that the teasel*. nithin the unmaking power.
lion tel Kansas 'molded in acomience with Ibis exam. rorltheee Me eons I commend to ',the friendly ethild ,
pie, founded, an It is , on correct principles ;.and hence era t/on of Congress the eubjed.- oe the Pacific railroad,
mritstenetione to Gov. Welker. In favor of submitting wttliont finally ecrtnmitting. itivicif to any particular
the constitution to the people, were expreered- in gene- route: ee. e
roll and unquellfied terms. I The report of the Secretary of the Treisury will turn ids
Jes the Kansaseeobraska act, however, this erNlifllr a datailedatateinent tel the condition of the pablan.
men t, as applicable to the whnie,gonstitittion, had net nee and of the respective brancluet of the petitem ice
been !needed. and the convention were not bound by its 'devolved upon that department iit the govern:De lie
terms to submit any other portion of the Instrument-to this report it aimeare that the • ihnount of revenue ro
an election, except that which relates to the e demeistie valved from ell sources into the hominy . during the fit.
hut It ution" of slavery. This will be rendered 'rem by cal ye ar ending the - 30th
,sif Jun 4, 15-5 was 7, sixty-eight
a simpeereferenee to Misnomer". It was "noteto bele. 'Milieus six hundredetne thirty-tine thousand eve hun•
_elateslavery Into any Territory orlState, nor to - exclude dred and thirteen delimit end sixtyeeseen tette, (Stee
n therefrom, but to lest* the Moyle thereof perfectly 63L5i3 67,) which amemit, with the bahnice ot nineteen
flee to foreand regulate their domestic institutions in ' ' T util 1 km nine bundned:and one thou lend three handfed
their own way." According to the plain con traction and {twenty - five duller, and - folly live cente,(sl9,ool,-
nether sentence , the verde "domestic institutions" have MIS. 5,) reinainfog intim treasury at the rommetteement
a direct as they have an appropriate refe,enee to slavery: Of the year, made an Aggregate for the festive of the year
"Donentie instant loos" areihnited to the family. The of eighty-eight million ; eve lbevidred and . thirtjewo'
- reediest httween master and slave and a forotheth are thomend eight hundred and thirty - nine &elem.. and
"domestic institution'," and ern entirely distinct fram twelve cents, (fee 632.839 121 e
inetitutions of a political character. -Besides, there was Tile' -public expenditures for elm fiscal year' euding.
no question then before Centres'', nor indeed has there dOtt( June, lan, amounted tel seventy - million eight
drew been any.serionequestion before the patient' Kan- hundred and twenty4wo thanes:ad soap hundred-and
as or the country, earful that which relates to the 'do- twenty-bee dollars ai d elghtyliteeents.(s7o,S22,724 CS,)
medic Instil e ll en" of slum. I j• , of which five million ultte bundled and forty-three:dhoti.
1 he contention, after an an
and excited dthatee S. sand eight hundred end ninety:eh, dollars and 'ninety.
natty determined, by a majority pf only twit, to submit one'eents, ($5,043.894 el)erereeppliect to the redemption
the question of slavery to the pettple, though at the last, of the publieedebteinduding lintel-est end premium,
forty-three or the fifty delegate.spreseut thexed their ger teasing in the treaenry at the commencement, of the
natures to the constitution. ; I preeent year on the let July; 'Ube, seventeen milli - en - we
• A large majority of the eonceetion were in fever of ese vets hundred and ten thousandi,one hundred and four
lablishing slavery In Kama,. They Accordingly inserted. teen donate. and twenty seven vent,, ($17710,114 27.) i
in article in the constitution foe this mutt* similar in - Th e *meters into the treasury for the t i nt - quarter of
feria to those which had been aopted boOther tie:tits> the present fisal , year, Commenting first July, I&s4were
rid conventions. In the sche ale, however, providing twenty million umehmideed aid I weedy-nine Moulto!
ter time transition from seTenitoi
lel to a . State Reverse eight bundred end nineteen do are sod eighty-mm{.o%de,
went, the question has been fairly and explicitly refer- ($20,9•213,819 810 and the esti ailed receipts of thelv
red to the people, wbeiher they „will have a constitution tosining thine qua:levet° the th June, 1858, are this - .
"with or without slavery," It declares - that before the ty-eix million Seven hundred end fifty thousand dollies,
' ecrostltntion adopted by the etheention "Ob e li ' -be sent (PP,40,000,j reakistg with thethalanee before stated en
.to Congress for admission into teit Union ate a State." an a-Monate of seventy-eve mil three hundred and
election shall be held to decide this question, at which etOty- nine thousand nine bu deed and thirty-fonr dol
len the White male inhabitante of the 'Prritory above ism and eight mote, ($141,89,914 (18,) for the service of
' the age of 21 are entitled to vote. They ato vote by tb t pretext final year.. • i . •
- belief e and " th e ballots cast ateeld elects n shall been- 'Me actual espendittim during the fleet queries of th e
fts
' . denied ' constitution with slavery; " and 'constitution . present fiscal yeti were teetity-three..millions seven with no slavery.'" If th ere bei a majority In furor of , hundred andifourteen Omani.] tire buhdred and teen
' the "ermstitution with slavery;' then it is to be trans. lyjelgbt dollars and thitti-Feve , n - mote, (523,7141,28 37. y
recited to Congress by the President of the cenvention of which :,three million e ht hundred and ntitety-flre
. : It. Its origlnareuvo. If, on thireontrary. th ere shall be th in:tend twobundred an thirty-twn dollars end thirty
, a majority in favor of the "constitution with enslaver!," nine cents, (tel;Bo4=2, 36) tret:applied to the redemp
['"then the article providing for elavery obeli be stricken lion ot the public debt. Including Internd and premium.
Item the constitution by the pie:Meet. 4.this (nevem- The probable expenditures ("tithe remaining three quer
1 elites f' and it ix expressly declared that "no slavery shall tars tcl =eh of June, 105 A, tot Ofty-one million two bun
aliellt in the Slate of Kansas, eicept that the right of dnd.and forty-eight Montan eve hundred and thirty
property in therm now In the reoltory shall in no AMU- dollars and four cents (0 1 .201. 1 10 dt,) ineluding into
nethhitinterfend with;" and inthet event it is made his rest on the public debt. makiiigenaggrogate of 'seventy.
e
edutiefo have the eonetitutlon thus ratified transzeitted leuemillion nine hundred and sixty4hree thousand tlf•
''.
tastilinetegivss of the United States-for! the admission - , 71Y-eight dollars and fur eenta - ($7 4 .9f3, 4 :48. 41.)
- Ofthstlithite into thellnion. ; . I - . leaving an eetimated 'esteem in the t r easury al the
e - Atthittelection every citizen:vrip hive an opportunity close of the present fecal Year of font' hundred and
of emenmedng his opinion by his vote "Whether Kansas twenty - six thousand eight hundred and seeeniyilve
then Weneived Into the Union with ' or i witbout slave. dollen. and eixtegoemm eentet, ($426,875 a.) -
cy,' l mittlitut this exciting question may be peacehilly '1 The amount of the publir;deht at the commencement
settled thank very mode requited by the organic taw.— of the prevent fiscal veer was tientyMine minions sixty
TheOlettle*4rill be held under legitimate authority, ;poniard three hundred' and eigheesix dollars and
and If any Pietism of the inhabitants shall rehire tovote. ' 'net, cents, ($9,0e0A6 00 ) .. • ' .- s
a tairoppotetialte to do so tiering been presented. this • ..., I The amount reek eared mirth the lid of July was three
. will be thelenittlileolantary aid, and -they alone will be enillien eight hundred- and ninety-five thousand . two
rewonsiblaftwAlge`consoqueneet. • , • s, ibundrcd and thirty-two dollars and thirty-nine cents.
Whetheeetaimmethali be a flee or A shoe - State mustiego,9•s.= C*—leatinge bulanes unredeemed - at this
eventually.* authority. be decided by an elec. Ilene of twenty-five million lone bundred and eixtrtive
lion; and then .. can never be mere clearly or Ma filmes:lnd one hundred and fifty-four dollars and fifty.
Unity promoted ttithepeopie { tan it is at the prevent 'One cents (g25,1m,164. hi.) ,
.-, . ..
moment. phoutdilldglepportunity be rejected, she may '1
The smourdef cstimatedexp l eatlituresfoitbe remain
be involved Ike yeare"thtdomest le discord, and possibly jog three quarters of the Meant fiscal yew will; ell
in civil Oar, tonne idiernileivin make by the *tunny ;probability, be increased fetal the wises rot *thin the
So ibetimately todserell„adellagoin reach the point she evesort of the Seeretary, lite suiroestion there**, that
has already attained,' : - ..: ,, , , t-Illts 4 l . ' ' ' Authority should be given to supply any tgotherary de
. Kansas has for eomaZ, enpled tcee much of the Aden - 4 by the blue of a limbed amount of treurtie7i
public attention. It Is rtne this should be directed motet, is approved. and I actordingly reevermend 'th e !
to far more Important . :When lame admitted into pumper of sash's law. 1 ; • .
the linkri„obetbee witbeetti. %bout slavery. the excite. ; .
. .•
An stated in the revert if the Secre tary the Tariff of
meat beyond her awn ' mill eperilly pass away, 11 ,..... b e 1ee.... has e ___.• , ; .e. per iod e
.and she yid theater the he left. as she long I ti ,,,,2, ."' a "" '''''t! at, °Perm uso spo rta o f 1
since aught to hare tesetti,tir se bee men
affairs In , ....., and under; eirenuatiroces so untoribletii a just.
, develepment of it* hesulte eta revenue meathre, that I
ber MI way . It 101 " 1 "' " '''' - ' —,
- . - - -...-
very, or any other rut, , should retard it as inexpedient, at least, for the present,
of the people, no hr
tc ....... erriske itirevislOn.i -.. I
ginning it witht . I t ran emlt hereerith l the reporla made to' au .by the'
stances it, may wel Sweeter** of 'Wee and edifies Navy , of the ' Its toiler and
and quiet of the v of the Pcstmester General. They all mutate *linable
perforce than the and important Intoranekm mid engeestrone - e - bleh I
the politic:li emit commend to the feyoribin consideration of Congress. -
Should the ems ' 7 '
The rote* of nu
stla±ro nay in tbi
or these le Teryr ,
Glob would be int
were brought lutt
or the Coifed dtsi
rasters.
This ptdot hies
highest Indlelal
the plate prithipkt
States acquire a
both'squality ant
ono and all of Uteili
arisreetxatsd
slitutioW , To ha ,
in Slaves *heady
act of Kress top
older Etstesot t 1
A territorial gm
act or Congress api
the Cettatitutket I
I beretvy estexided
itskets thereof tan
fur the appolatmate
Adak* sad (mina
was to ba oretliefo
Sacral .
_et throe Jr
fad Vlsertet At'
FP;;;7:g
r 171 sit
Mt 6 Cke;ersoi:
points:Ala of "
reectsiiin ndedlbe railing of foar Addl.
lion .1 negienet.lll,aniti - t rrport of it!eSecrotary War
presents Stabs Tames pr,..iling this. increase of the ar
my. under existing efreuinststres. to tie Indlntensalle.
I would tall the spectsl attention of Congress to the
remtnmendation of the Sean tary of the Nary In favor
of the !Mild rvietion of tent stain war stemma of light,
draught. - for 6011112 'years the rovar cent Ma been
obIIMA on many omasloes to hire *nth strainers fain
inditldtmls to supply It. pressing vents. At the pre*,
rut anontetel we ha vs'itti hemedreasetrtn tbenary width]
tan penetrate the rifer' of Chini..• We bate lad few
width tan enler any; of th e b.rbara south attforthlk. al-]
thotrgh *tsar of foreign and Anaemia sommene
annually pain In led out of these harbors. Sane ot our
most valuable Intetelats find moat eulnaratle points !ate'
thus left ea - posed. This slue of vessels of light/taught.
grrat speed, and heavy I gene. Would lbw ltnerldabie In
most defence. ilte }Witt their eanstretikm will Dr'
.. . .
.tjet thel _ /melon will not
be inset, and tlwi s nttl require but otannapatively sinalV
expenditure to keep them in conantintion. In time ot ,
peace they will prom as iffectiveas mach larger vessels,
and often, more tisetatJ One of thew should be at evotyl
elation wtawnower maintain a wittadion, and three di lb us,.
should be eonstaatty on oor Atlantic and Parlde &oats.
Economy. utility allit i reltant7 towable*. to reirtmasead
thetai l ahneat Ind sable.. Ten of Ikea malt Vela
self it be of hint ehlabi• advaetage to the naval see.
site, d
their e
the whet, coat et thetto-' '
.-.
,
n , 4
4 ,4 1. 1
.ite d tr assolisetiOW womb! OA
ex two twillloilblos Inn Wired thousand 41ollam of
,
` P O O -
• ,
• Tbs
a af era t e. lfaerefavy at the Taboo , : Is wort*
at
am
intsumg -g li t im ea s s te t tz stu twa=
ta
blai by law. Amaagthese Mea l s:at
' 1
- f ,
I 1
• •
;I' ''
t ini the pisblLibusdiliod our ret istiOns with .
the
Oater thmi fillip:oil or the public lends, eri g t. .
natter '.
, @ th em of the republic., has been itn-
peered pointed the way,aud etodually '
asap** to ' egoarth rod :eaten:eta of our . western
Shame and T it his worked well. la practice. ' 1
Medea, thisteet Metes and severe Territorlis hare teen 1;
carved out ottlt tide, and stints:pro them a there )
send Millions of, lc alts unsold. Whit i booed- ,
treq p,
less preepeet this' pessenta to:our tountry a:filature , Prole
pretty and Poweel , - '" , .1 - - •;-;
We haeakyrodefore dleposedlet 383,8C,464 urn of the
piblle tenet' : , , '; 1 : _, . . 1
Whilst the public tandem i sou rc e Of etembe ate of
great importance, their importance Is Dr greahltAlfhos'.`
(shins homes ea a hardy and Independent rece.of lamest '
' end )ndustriondeltbens, who desire to subdue and cal*
vats the soil. They ought to be administered maitsl - •
with a. view of pros:miles this wise and benevolent po e
leg. hi, //TM/dating then briny otber, purlne,
...... .
ottelit to UM rims gesalm'Aleettemy th en :trtuy age. ,
been eestmited: tato motley and the proceeds were 4
bad, to the pubUe treasury. To squander away thle
etched tied boblest Inheritance which any 'people bale ,
of
ever enjoyed neon ohjettr doubtful isonetitutihuslitY [
' ilf egPldlencTsWonld be to viohtterone of the most fdt,' I
. pottatt trusts eeer committed to aay people. Whilst I 0 PI
-trot deny to Congress the power, when acting le:ea. - 11de OSi I , !
a proprietor, to gib ewer portions of them for then; tl , l
Paseo! buressing the value of the remainder, yet, co ' c
sberine, the great temptation - to 'teas this power, ev.
Cannot be too cautious bits exercise. ' . ii e
' .
„1 Actual settlers under existing laws ate preiretetl i'
itelduatetbarptwrtmese at them:l/aka'," ls, theft , rigid,
id pre-emptlon, to 'be - extent of • quartereection, or 100 1
aerie of land. ;Ttus remainder toay "then be disposed Of l
'it public or entered at private asle in unlimited quell-
titles.
Speculation has of late years prevailed to it great °if
',terills, the pubilelands. The cousequeuce has beets that
taiga portions or them have beectne the property of in- •
. Idividtuds land Companies. and thus the price le great)),
Yetbauted to those who &thole pu &IMAM Ilw erupt aid".
tjeglerd, • la order to limit the- area, of speculation ao .
' (musk= posslbil. the ext Inettedly the Inas* tills Midi
the extetesion of the p surveys ought only to itegpil
pace with the tide of emigration. , . . i;
If Congresashould bereaftes real alternate entities"
to Matador compact!" as they bare done loseetefon• i,
ran' suanend that the tolerated tatee sections notained loY;
the government should be ffithleet to pre-einnten byte,.
Deal settlerls..• 1 ' .- . ( . t_ ..:11
It ought evr,to beonr catdittal Polk, 1 ° rtw ery• 00
public lands as much as may be reir actual settlers, and twig
iat bodebte piece Tie shall thus not only beet p le ,
1 tbe peaperity of the new State and Teititorles, and he •
1 power of the , Iliobse but shall secure be to our.
1 terity for many geneatlonst. ,--- ~
The extension of our limns bag:Drought ' within
jurisdiction many additional and popubus, Gibes of ,1 ' 4
dune, a large proportion of which ere wild, ant : befall ,
(•'and difficult to eoutral„ :Predatory and warlike In the( I.
1 dispoeltion and bailee' ft ii impossible altogether ' ta
iftrain them eno committing agereesionson each of
I es well as upon our boiler citizens and -theirs - *tote •
flag bone distant States and Territories. fleece: e,
pensivestallitary. expeditions are Deduentlystecitesady 1
1,1 ie d chastise:llle nlOO/14WItla and hostile. I 4 u 3he w p=t system of making them valuablePnt
to influence them to remain at peace Ws proved} .
teal. - it - fa believed to be the better Pak/ 'to ml 01
them hetoltebbloeillties.sthere they can repeelvi the,.
rudiments of education and. be, gradually induc°4 :to
ados habits- of Industry: - Sto far as oepeetesinClt
been trial it hie worked well 'in predict', and (kw. .
• deubticiehreve to be less expeuslpe th an the, prifeeht•
i
, 1 ITY .Th e whole numbei• of Indians within' our !Fill on 'I:
1)..
, limits Ii believed telly, trout the beatdata In (holly . •
iler department, abut =Po- - .
- • i ili t
The tribes of Cherokees, Clmetaille'CldeFaiwwsl.l":,
• Creeks bitted inthe territory, set apart- for flame er 't,
- of Arkansals - ort , mildly advancing Is educallanand n
L. all U. irises livilintion and self-goveroment;
ad,
, may Indulge the agreeable antielpatien that at utiv I
' distant day they , will be Ingot:petaled Into the Utley,
t
one of the sovereign Stales. • ' I •
It will be seen hoist the newel of the Poetinesteg i te,4-
iral, that the POla Office Department still coon:sin:TA°
- depend on the Treasury, sa it ha, been epmeelted b. do
for several years put, for an important portion ior.the
means for Fuotalning and extending e its opts-31.11b,-
Their tepid growth and expansion "
are *hewn bY nob
, • eenttial etatement of the 'lumber et post - °Sera and the
length of post roads, commencing with thy year 1521,:
I In that year there were 7.M0 poet (Myst in 183 701 1 ,174
Au 18;1,1b.146; and in tan they amiably 20,5 K ,;:Dt.'
this, year 11315 pest offices have been eadattished ind .110
- discoutieued, leaving a net increseO,of 102). The n . .. 41-
motors off
258 Wiley are ennobled by the President,} '
The th of post raids holt= wee 10.1„338talleit in
in1,141,2•P2 biles; in 1847, 153,818 miles; and, Ire the
yeer 185 T there were '242.0501 miles of post roadlltnelud
. ing 22,530 mile. of railroad, on ' hid, the malls iir, trine.
Potted. ;
The expenditures of the Deptntment ihr the tiled Mimi
Coding on the 30th June. DM, a adjusted by flu 4118 1 1.
tor, amounted to $11,501,670, To 'defray thaw expeidt-•
tares there was to thocreditof the Departtnen dos it-he
Ist July, 1856, the sum of t TF0,609' the grossretnue
coolof the year. ll:minding: the annual edlowan for ! the
, transportation of free mail spatter. ;Produced 013,}1;1;$80
andlhe remainder was supplied ly the , diprentsition
from the Treasury of 12220.000, granted by tbe - ilit of
Congress approved August 18.1858. aiod :by tna armee
prfetiots of Mfel,BB3, made by the act of Mandl X,1817,,
leaving $252,7f3 to be carried to i he creditor:Abel:Wert
. raeut in the accounts of the current year - I eion end
'to your eotatilleratiof th e report of the Iseparleoesot In
relation to tbeestab ishment of the °Tolland mail:route
trout the Mississippi River to Fan Francine°. (Wifensla.
The route was selected with my fell concurrent& 154 the
one. In toy judgment, best retro:laded to. "Wait "I i ii lin-
portant objects contemplated by Congrese. kr 1::
ro . 1
The late disastrous usenetary rerulsionitiayll.ire one
good egret should It ranee both the Doveratoeit and the
peoplelkret urn to the pnectiee or a wide ond•Odict ea
ecolvelny.,both In public and in liete expenditnratl';
, An overflowing Treasury bat lc ell to habits 0i
eredistal
' Ity and•extheragattee In our legislation. It; b. )attend
,
Conferees to makelerge appropiations• to o Reis. for
whip they never would bare provided bad Io Min be
cautery to mho them:mount of revenue required/ te e med
thEZ inereased taxatier, or by inane. ..WO lar now
to led 10 panse let our esreer,'sed to Fan %s td. nor
exuditeres with the utmost vigilance; and *perform.
lag hiss duty. I pledge my eseepeysticoo to tbdiegtent of
my y ronstitetionabrompeteney. • • .11' it
-It oughtlto be observed at the mute time Abet true
i t
peddle eecaomy does not •conalst la withh Wilde. thee
beans neteesary to atom/Mob. importept. n Irisial ob.:
: petit int meted to as by the Constitution, end iineleDY
Duch as may be net-emery for the common detinre. • In
.. th&prusent• crisis of the but:dry:lt is one Inn:olive
ougplieiogriations to objects; of this charscte n blies, in ,
epees -where pupal to Individuals may demand-4 differ-
Of-course. to all Cape/ care ought to he tae 'm Mat ihe '
booby srsted by Congress shall be" ildthteity end 40=
noillany'appllete -
- Linder the :Federal Constitution, "ever ~ biFj which
shall have passed the Douse of Reprementat bib and the
Senate shell, before it becomes a law," pair iced and
' signed by l tbe Phyddent ; and, i I not app54401, tho shall
. retarn it With his objections to that Howse 114 *lila, It
oetelearate In order to perform this highs And. rayon
-Able duly. sufficient time must beellowed the Pbsident
'to read and obtain; every bill presented to' hlid for 'Apr
preys). tjedese this be a Iforded.the Comsat nten beereeee
• a dead letter In this particular; sod erten ;wed*, It he-
Pays a means of deception. Our eenstitbeulleoceing
the.President's approval nod signature attsieheil to each
aellot, Congress, are induced to believe that helsas aria
ally performed this duty, when lu - truth, nothlelg is. In
sonny reses, more unfounded. .' • ; ; 1
From theywisetice of emigrate, enchan elimination of
each bill as the Constitution bemires. has been rendered
hopoedble: The most hostyrtant insanely efectels eession
' is generally crowded into its last hours; 6 nliflhe therms-
Dre presented to the President, is either icOrlotate the 1
coast 11 utional duty which betirre to thetople,:and st,
prose I,llls which, foe leant _of time, it le etpayible he I
I
should have execatned, or. by his refusal Oat:lila ants
Pet the:Ofttry and Individuals to great Fits Fled Dion
endorsee:-
i l .1H •
Desna, a prattles his groan up of lat e lede to ;mite
Tate to apptoptlation bills, at the last hottm ;4f "the RM•
elan, on new and hiporteet subject". 'Ph dere:tire con•
strains the Tres/deal either to suffer ' - heome
late Ohl& he dolle.norapprnve, or to Web' tie risk° of
stdrpiug the wheels of the Goeeruthent lity*toina an
eppropriatlon bilk Formerly', such bilisiwere ; rosined'
to epecifie appropriations for carrying Jut efiketestatieg
laws and the well-established 'volley of t zeosisttry; and
little time was then reotdred by the PreetlerstAhrttette
examination. . .1 ,
~.-.
• Abe my ewe part:the,. deliberately, detenisitied that
I Abell approve whit! which I have not 6**i:deed, sod
it Pill be a QM of extnnuesand most Urgent nioesstrity
which than ever induce tee to depart (mid gdi tote. ' f ;
therefore reaper:hilly, hut eornertlyeeernisitextd that the
tat mobs will allow the President at besot two days
'previous to the adjournment 'Or reels,Ssettatreo within
which no bill sitsllbe presented to him ,for i aipprovai.- e '
Under the exieting joint rule one day lit: allowed; but
thin rule has beets idtheep, so constantly sedynded In
preetlee, that important 'bills continue to hepresented to
bite up till the may lart moments er the! "Tien. in a
large majority of cabs merest motile ineonverdence can
arise from the want of time to examluelhebProv Dion ",.
beilluse tie Con Ali al ifila has de-dared thiti ita hill te
nerented : to the Preeidelt withfo the' histLiet, days of
Atte marten be is not required to return' Weather with
,ao approval or with a Vete, "in wbi ,b'eatelt abaft not
he a /aW.'l" It may then ire over, and be !liken up, and
nosed at the next session. areatlneolitertence- would
oily he eXperieneed In regard to approptiatine.bills; but
eplunntely, under the late excellent lairptlowiele a sib
stly. insteider a per diem. to members ')of tkeserees. she
eepenee ind Income:demo of a called Hebb, will he,
..greatly reduced: . . 1. •
I I canned conclude without iremnsendlif , to your throe
le consideration' the interi , sts of Abe ple of Ibis Ms
*let. ' Without a represents lee on tie Alberni Congress;
so
1, ey here for this yen reason peciditbriatine upon our
a t
jest ;641. To this, I know. from' I tni Ping acqualte
time Ith theaso,lbey are eminently eetillat.
A i 1 • ." JAMES DUCIIANAM,
", Ifesutxotost. Dectesier ft, 1.R.51'. ' '1 i 4
~
EDITOR'S TABLE:
~
; - Gipl A , I4S: . M . AGAZIIIII On January la .1 bolrarli Mil .rpeet- .
inen of artistic sklii blended with litergiy*llly. Tbe
illuminated title page Is elianning.,, 0,,,b &principal Lash
lon
Platorfor 'January is IntGraham'a eat. style, The
,
tintengrasing—oAde e nt of. the New o',Virsr,". Is really
wary fine. In addition there aro serri6l4sieful pattern
ydatea, and seierni of tholeonteihntiortardli stay Mastro
ted., Thlalfagazina mikes a brililan :tram upon the
Nest Tear, and offeia strong indueemi 6t4 lbose not sub.
'Scribers to send In their 113ttiei to the tabltshers, Watson
L I,
Co.k.. Under the editorial rhargeoei aotos.G. Leland,
ltal.,Grahanis fageelne lux reachei iirtistiyorecodented
point ofloopubtrlty and Droapertty. Ifeivistr it nuitinned
suraware. &pies of tlie January onritbt4en be obtained
atflannati's.
, • •
Tars Pon..trorirrus firrianar E V ! !
ven6rdrlkoat.—re esti
thaattenlion of our waders to the retro of this
lk . l. l fii•
~' -
:• well-known literary weekly, In our aor - eitooltlir column,.
tie FOE? may be safely allowed, to ILhO s io the Gully eiro
eta—as it pledgee itself to alle4 nothin*ito enter its eel
tbas of a corrupting etteriktii.iortktor . to its literary or
, ..
ita news departnOrnt. - • •' Io , •
focal Air( Ito.
4Fir The llagrilic Zed., clover :a night. Next week
she will give et:Halibut:eels in Mitterevitiertina Talus'
She lien given - twin:ay extinAlleme here with RIC .
OM: . • • • . •
- ' • '• ' , - ....------..4 • ••• a- ...--)11---,,fi
Sir Dr. Store repo hose• treatment tirritiseimee of the
Threat, Lungs, ef . e., has been sureekistUt here, is Stitt ece
looming it the American Ifousei , ,iyAoioninend him to
the e tten tioi of sulferertt Bee ad reit iSttneuL
; 111% - -.V.lttatefie chili has his dg! Ortilassee open for
ic
pupils.' Those deittlng their e il, to to tee well
inintit,should pal twills 31. Paulei, iiii Menem is to the
' ' seeonni *tort of Ruseerabi_lla_in4 i tke*,
r avid 111aban.
tango steidit. . , :- • : • • 111• • . •
Atili-Dirotetted:,-Con Saturday .4iinlite last, Edward
Johnson, coldmd, aged 23 7005,14414 In w At; tell from
,
i canal boat into the eras! heloerii‘M *rough; and was
drowned, An ingiest wag beld,?4,it 'verdict tendered
to accordance with the fatte. 111 T'ili • ... •
I. : . i • -- 4 ••• -.—wwww•oww4 + l,g ,
It•ir rde Akkilyitilt . away .41 :11 . —To M5...10b0
SehwalM, Steward, we are lndebieiiicr the initeaed eta
••
unties; ;. • • - I t' f t
.. , Pattiters In ,the Sebteyll:lll Co !lir , Slum linos°, D.
etinber !, , 1147, • ' ‘ l',l . , 311
T.,, o n g Ndipers iwih r wd dart !! • month Pt Nn•
;ember,. • '. ' I . !: 't d
_ll
----....., ••••
A atifs' /tar cad 1 .4.0 .:lit I.! ,
• ',l l4nt of ker. It'. Steek's Chuil•Xl, 'l .
aid bidinlay oiChritimnt wetii.!'' •• i
day . ininings made , iiintwcw ex i4i
.;.
peke ;t adm lesion to Anteh beim . i f'
Fair • tbi the h.cieSt °LIU CV, ,l
. ladlea will be stacmaatil in theit.
,tit,
. /Taxa Z.14,--The Weald.6o4;H * ' ArtUltri COompany
boo edited to Ili Armory roots. - ry. tor the more
:sent Lod tostrocticp ot Its -- -*se* Oar rittsetp oho
ihot e latotoriteS to - lealloa is tt li thtst an sadly' and
tot UP or
ot icoithation of.
,t ; ooldlory, oroold do
!orollito combentolootto tolittOl biota lo order-to make
pia IllbrerieimitOite. - , They ikwi- he handed to any
:moltterrof the Cosepoey. ~'f, RI '
I r . - •
• l ll • • -
.
•17,11, Magner hp just received At MI gnu iv
itCtreglin street share Itaiiroad, a 1500 Int at Zadt., 4
**at, also rrlnalUlti POW la hair barrels: It to hat
, . eta that such floor !iodated to this !nark et. 31r.4.
:It airs received la let of flee Dothlehein Isuct w halt av;
.fr t b
Indian Meal: crow No, .1 tiAckfrel ! n 1....1ru1a At I
k tv
, tbsraily nae.vaid paredhd Jain V 4 Ta , .. A 414.
Ta
dab% lettere It. Mr. Schooner: ~, a ins.h. t„„,,
I utta,.thet one ran bar . at Ws 'store, near, vte., s .
% . .
esp st tetan At Whalen!, prkes. trid& place , ' lila tkh
.. .
, '
~ pace tea an easallty la that Alloyed.
_,; 'Aiirdit: al4lstasaLkst` hall IkAt bees iseire. 3.11 W. ha,.
:'.- adca AtißibtßeilOrikida. Of4ll . l9tlkbly !Mein Itm v
ii, and yeatenley the Mikes ails lanaldlns down at h.,
nada. • The Canal 11 stilt 4ft atAtilitrhtt. . Atiot
! • 9kl than recont vui
;—. _ •
~,:,,
1 1 P it, s P,Tstaissrit tinywn. I
• .
' tlinceryteaaha lien. Actertue... )
' ' AA. I M
t. 2P. M. IP. X.
• 1 :, t, : ... Doe. 6,-400 itt?--atv.
1.01).4 '' 71 - - 10 60 - to •••••-ek u.
eel" • " 8 -, . IA I to --411.1, ,
at, • . ft.-44 f 4R • 'V: —rah, '
.
ilk, a. 10,-42 . . 44 " 1 Atf --ckliti.
Jar Thet "times are herd' Is true, toil they woO r id 2 4
Lill bArdor, if we bad wo !tefiday seemoo. Clariete w
l' ith its thronging seportstione, Its neemories of te e D.-,
tojoje foe tbe preseot;ltr btemed hopes tbr the fah:. i
to ibeadtMclf time, w tent leaf be earrsixt I, itJ
t. A trA wear° bidden to take Joy and gladoeel to w
to ftl a d'eherish !rod cheer Ito honor of the army,
~ mu ere ty quickvdia x mom of dellibt, to IL
, t hous* d,therelefonethought; snd parpone with 0
ihiseds (pained, with MVItAm and retradt,Altit thQI
!Minds nd tens of thousand. who are mitostosned IQ,
; !*beet/ the. time With h.liety pins. And. %AMA A
Juieh le expeittants of good things who do notrut4
111 V *evil:Betel3mi, limn' to bo vent empty away. 1
wool lie no nee whatever to talk to thews *hoot ••.a ti,d
/Selo markot"—"notes titling due"—woo btudoes, ',.!
toe' They have so overwhelming reply In ail. out ,
the t that Christtnewiveotalog, mod glints ctlies .il
Con neatly it must be wide knOrn t 2 Lb* itiquiri,
pub ',and In dim tithe withal, whet* the &brine* tcn
,Nlet+lasartfo be found, add what ho hes laid in for li
honor ofthe lesson. •' ; .
1'
Brie Literary Society. -7-One of the,intat brintro
aud4nees pt the season airseibled on Ttrenday er , ,,,,,
to whores the exercises of the Society. On the oem . :
the iter. D. Vfaohburn, ex.PrePtdeut, retired. and J.
Metes, itsq•ovaa Ind acted into thew:Pion. 3Jr. II ti,
I
deli vared an 1 o a ego% I edam*. smooth% written, ott'x
with Gotha and beautiful thoughts, arta uctescepti e w,
in ittyle. air. Hughes' subdued %annoy, vim and t ai
4 4 arlivery. and musical toms of woke, are effecti4 at
pleasing; worthy . of combating' by theme who deco li ar
emery in declamation to .tear a !torsion to tatte*ri,
elder atilt were, t o enforce their argutoents up m t h „
tentlou of thabearer. It Log an unnatural style of viti
one soon wearies. The tratliag of Tersdly ~,,,j,, , : „ .
431r.'llatia. - The rapid delivery and digeoltyof i
log in the roostf:Vrben crowded, pre<qudef on our
the possibility 'of reeornising the chanoter of thii'l
fie*. The debris on the question, 'Miler a reptibli
form of government. Is pretkialtde to a asonerchkal, 9,
participated in by Messrs: Bowen and itortheir ee .,
the afirtnativit, and Mau s. Ellis and Doyle In the.,
tire. Some of the debaters assumed their parts air!
notice, In connemenee of the absents of member apt
Exton the deters, and did very well. The gavot,.
ttxtded In the zegative. it %gratifying to wittyy,
unstated intereet telt in the exercises of !be F 401 0 !,,
seamen. ' .Tbe andiencesbave been 'without a • FiDil.,)
CepUOD, large and intelligent.' Thls is enoutra z ;,
...• ... .
the Society and creditable to the literary tote cfle,
. rall g h *
Qa nest Tuesday Wren in g, the exercises Hill le at
lows :—lecture by Geo, M. Dallas, Jr.: Reeding
Green; questjon, 'Mould It be beneficial to lOU rtt
to limit the right of . 'aerate to those who eas..ee;.:
writer ' ,Affirworire—George ]farts nd J. T. Ft,
Negatire—Wm. It. tkitts and 1141 Ettill.
I
PROCZEI)INGS OF COURT,
Our Court of Quarter Stallone fa December
brun engaged during the poet week' in the VI nt
tut aura.' But feet cams of Importance were rrhet,
of the offeneet helm; of • trirkit nature. The Jul?
Charging the Grand, Jury refrrred to the to,T
plaints mode on the amount of the montur
fairs are conducted at oar County Poor
sired the Grand Jury to Inutitufe a thorough
lion of the monagment of that Institution. Ke 111'
If Hsi of the eases beard. ' •
Oyes. Roberl Crxm(tchet—Thli was a 'me)
ig thermal aiz oath of hht wife. Atter a h.arlee
' , miles the aqui dtreetel_the thtfeadaut t.. 1.1 1 .
and stand committed until he complied wit!'
astxtonee. •
Corn, rt trus. KepplT—Surety of tho Peicp os
Illzabeth Deaha, After herring, dcfaafOt ea
lensed to pay the costa..
Cha. Jar. df. IPAitaker—Thla was a- proaecnrr.,
VOrrileatlon 111011 Bastardy, on oath idltilt4eaBcht
Tho Jury found the defendant, gntlty,and th,
pronounced the Waal sentence In suet titres.
that. es. Jehts - Kagel—The defendant was clisrkl ,
three separate offencey—Selling Liquor
ling Lhpaorin Minors--and felling Liquor
.eideel
cense. On each of which indictments, after thil
ny bad been beard, the delbudaut plead guilty. 3.
, a house on the road between Pottarille and Iketc,
and tar a time appeared to be engaged pretty enc
ly in the business. Oa the first charge helmet)
to pay a fine of CIO, and:undergo 30 days luiprit tt
—Oh the aeeond, $lO fine and
. 30 day; lmprisvMei
and on the third, to pay a tine of din, and In
days additions! Imprisonment:
• Cbm. et. Ann Whalen—The defendant •ti
I with the blimp,: of • lama ammant of m5...1, cri
arty of Aim Brennan, and some artb.b.4
parel. The Money stolen amounted to bets.,
$OOO, in diner, and was takes by the de feadsat
trunk of
. firerrran whilst he and his wit,. wow..
from the helm. The defendant was u t
want in the Rouse. After eatemlitioc, the tit .
cleared out towardsTarnsepts, and was tirredel Ns"
carom. But a email portion of the money en is
upon het, the rest having been entrusted t..
man named Wm. Cary, who bad promised to exult
Rho confessed to hawing !eked thS' money. rs,si
a butcher lividg in Pottsville. The defeedut itod
guilty and his not yet been sentenced.
Dos. es. Christian STatio—Tbo defendant wash.:
foe' selling Liquor without Meer's".
shop in Centre it. near Mahantongo, Pottsville U
found guilty and beepot yell..eon sentenced.
rs. Zhn Kerfy—The defendant *sectorel t
the laimmy of a nurnher cf kegs of powder Hari
Clinton, the property of James Kerns, a contrite
the Al . :burn and Allentown Railroad—hut se tit
dente against him war& very alight, the jury fuouti
diet of not guilty.
Ann. re. Mier,' Jentes—llentry Reese, .the preen
charged the defendant with basing emmittet g
mutt and battery upon" him .by striking him fold
either with his fist or with a hilly. It occurred
nernitte. about ten Ot: Arlen o'clock at night lutist
street. Theta had been words between tile penks
defendant was found gullty,'an 'eras Pen tem, I •..1
a flee 4'410, and the rants.
• - [Clairiasion of taps nrstisterk]
"EITTANI TOR A LAWYER:— -
/fere hes Jahn Shaw, C
Attorney at Law.
.And when ho
The devil cried, .
.431va me year pew, '
John Shaw,
Attorney at Lao. "
Theaboro rawhide -no of anlthOr—
"Here Hes the body of Stanwick
Who bought his Oaths. of Uregeille Sal 4
And.lived and dicd like. other f.dir..."
The Philadelphia Temple of Potion, is s'l
607 Chesnut •
street Philadelphia.
Drartrara Cutten Br Cam rut Oxrers
Errizas.—Portsmouth, N. 11., April 15, i•J
Dr. Prestorear Sir :--For the lasi fmol
I have tateu,'sts you are well aware, a my
ferer with Dyspepsia. Frequently 'lariat:
time, I bare been compelled to quit tuy
and the disease had become-so seated that
given, up all Elopes of ever elitninim: Dr l. l
The moat simple food caused great ditt:"•
bad given up in despair. until .you
commend the Oxygenated 13 ittert , , au l
o heart full of grtititude, - thnti ti ..w pr.^
myself wholly free from •all syruptoao
pepsin. X can eat anything et any , vine.
well, and ant, now enjoy the bailey air
end lOok upon nature with n deligtit to
been s Ffrangeri to me for years. to
may be suffering, from Dyspepsia, 17
ere the Oxygenated Bitter , . WIC ri,'.410.
. Gentte»fga add tnyheerty ertn l tarwsil
the above etatenient, knowing it
thing tint the truth. I never sold on, a:
for Dyspepsia, that hay given such a
satisfaction as the Oxygenated Bitti f p.
WM. It. Plthr,-4 , 6-
Drieggiat cad Apt'
' jr.grJOTIN G. BROWN, Druefit... 1 '
iehuylkill County; also, J. C. 1113;11E:
- -
n-111,000 REWARD ",1
Jtedleine that will excel l'ILVIT:! BUT( 1!:l.•
OIL fur tfio following direitres:—llbrutn 3, i , '
On. Spinal Affectiota,Contritlil (1
Nitta in the Fide or nark, need.,114..
Acre Throat. gulp, Bums,
Skin. kitlkeitd , and the (lands. Nrt.
the , io.ntnrs of PnArr & DCITH llt 3:13. E. t sn.b
PrincipalofAce,36 Wsaltingt , .t r rr"i i i'
The great nncob.r of perenn . . tt.r k i! ' „„ 1 1
M oly rellored In *Witte rilirti at,1 .40 " , '
been need. as wall sr In fhb. city fr :
lo itlErandt , r t that II 1. the gr. alr.t ,%irk ttre' .
pain.
J 0. itauao , wbolepolo azent. r , tt•'. ;
by all TPApalable d r uggista t b r. uL to
end Canada. %blur I.l*.
11e1i1Jioas aIcIIIEUI~
Tut ttcr. MA. litcorx, of Serm 1. o. r:
cOttgleailoa of tb;s1:11 Proot;ytrii.lli r.ll •
soiiat* ;:enrsord tibotopou , n'p 11 hu b.
to toorto4, In the roonilii4 st 1. •
sveuleg. at T. •
NorlcEs..
iiii-mtmtrivil clit"'; )
Lymaand 341street.' Divine Ferlirefl ,, r'"
o'clock. A. 31..0nal olo'clock. P. 31.
EPIN`OI'AL
Street, Rev. WiLoAv
Tinekerfleeerery P.irain .k. , r 3
• " ifir•WinLisii E ITCH
Pott*.c ItA.V. DA %ICI Sttet..
IhisChureh rvgulorl , every ;•a0.11, - . M "" 6
ere 1111,r.:11 o'rlork 11eek1y rr2l"
Tborkl.ty evening,i4 7 k,
it 1.:o hoiden in the
; t Thursday ? Friday
Friday and emir
: OA will be had, the
OS mute. La the
1 ;* treat that the
;11t.
MAltitIED.
EDSLAnDS---AV 1 1.1. 1 A Erf.
inet ISg. Joni w to 31 ' 1 '
Loth of Plei 011 f tin), Sett u 3 !kill couuty,
... •
... _ ....
. DIED. ih• Olt
lINIBLER—At New Orleans. lA. " - nest
~abet but. DSILIAMIS 1,11.111110 ilaslik :--
of tbe late Gcurge IloWer, Seq, of I'o 4lo*
••• - ' •
yaws. .
Itbo N.V. Typosysyklod Vska attomioi d' e
Ist 4 body. '
• i.
lIRPOrLD Ton tns aocex U.