pRESIDENT'S -WSSAG. , . plter-eitizein of ike Sent*. - Gad of the House of . Represcistatirras: il l Being suddenly called, in the midst of the !net ,ission of Congrees, by a painful diapensatinn Of Divine Providence, to the responsible nation which Feels bold, I contented myself With such comma ;orations to the Legislature:se the exigency of the uoutent seemed to require. The country was . melded in mourning for theloss of its venerated Jtief-klagistrate, and all Hearts were penetratdd anti grief. Neither the time nor the occasion Bp ?eared - to require or to ' juitify. on my part, any eneral expression of political opinions, or any an .ouncement of the principles which would govern ...e in the discharge of the duties to .the perform , nee ofwhieb I had been so unexpeeteuly called. J mat:therefore, that it may not be deemed inert ; ropnate, if I avail myself of this opportunity'rif ; tee re-assembling of Congress to make known my sentiments, in a general Manner, in regard to the pc : f ey Which Ought to be pursued by the Govern ment, bettlt in its intercourse with foreign nations, it 4 in ita management and administration of inter :el affairs. ISiationsitke mdividuals iron state of nature. are Neal and independent, poesessing certain rights. rid Owing certain duties to each ether. arising !elm their necesnry and unavoidable relation t 'etch rights and duties there it no common human sethority to protect and enforce Still, they, are rghts and Mattes, binding in morals, in conscience, and in• honor, elthough there is so tribunal ,to which en injured party can appeal but the disinte ;cited lodgment of mankind, and ultimately the arbitrament of tke 'word. " . Among the aCknovaledged rights of nations ii that which cash posseases of establishing that (atm of government wfilett it may deem most conducive to the happtness and prosperity of its own citizens; of changing that; form, at circumstances may -re quire; Red of manneing its internal affairs Record. eig to its own letli. T people of the liquited: j !tater dein thi• right for themselves, and they •reedily eoneede it to others. ,Bence it heconieinn , ;amerative duty not to interfere in the governuiSnt or internal policy of other nations; and, althotigh a . a may sympathize With the unfortnnate or the ; repressed, everywhere) in their etruggles for free d.m.nur principles forbid -us from taking any pert in such. foreign eorrtests. AVe„ make : no ware] to , ; prnmote or to prevent successions to thrones;; to . maintain any iltaarY of a halapce of power; ; or; to niPPress the.eatual governmeut which any country ;.....centes to refight iph for itself.' '' 1 .1:e inetigate nitre ,i;Mlutiona, nor sutler any honile 'military expiil :ions to be .fitted Ma 41 the United State' to invade ~,, territory. or prorinces of a friendly nation, - The greet Insa of rnArality <matt to have i national, es.well as a personal and individual applicatiOn : We should act towards other nations ae we Wish , : them to set towardi uspind justice and conscience 1 shoald form the rule ot conduct between govern ments,,ingtend of mere power, self-interest, ot; ithe ' :wire of „egg - randizement. .To maintain ei striet neutrality in foreign Warn, to cultivate friendly ; relations, to reciprocate every "obis and generous ; set, and to perform punctually and serum -linnets 'eery treaty obligntion—these ere the dotes ; leht , ih we owe to ether Stelae, and by th 6 perform : .nee of which we best entitle ourselves to :like ; treatment from them; or if that, in any Of e lu'' R ,111..., fl re .. -, :tied, we elm enforce our own rights With juntice . ard a clear conseiende. 1 • n , In our domestic pnliev, the Const it:lton will be .; my ;nide; and in question, of deubt,l shall:look ! f, its interpretation to the judicial demsions of:that . tribune), which war establis' ed to expnund Wand to the usage of the Government, unctioned lity the : ecenieeeence of the, country. I -regard all its pro : .rieinne as equally binding. In all its parts it is the . will of the people, expressed in the most solemn form, and the eonatituted authorities, are; but : neents*to carry that will into elect. Every miteer which it has granted is to be exerefied for thespub . he good;" but no pretenceof utility, nn honestemn . vietion, even, of whet might be expedient, can jus tify the assumption of any power not granted. ' Tke tinware conferred apon the. Gnreramenty and their distribution to the several departments, ere as .:early-expressed in that 'acted instrument ai the imperfection of human language will allow ; yind I deem itmy, first_ilutt*, not to questinn its wisdom, add ta, its; provisions, evade its requirement's, or nullity its commends. ;! Upon you, fellow-citizens, as the representetires of the States and the people, is wisely devolyeo the legislative _povaer. I shall comply with my duty, in laymtbefore yon,trom time to time: any - Information calculated to enable you to diseharge Tone high and honorable trust, for the benefit of oar common constituents. • , My opinions will be frankly expressed uptM the leading subjects of legislation; and if. whieli I do not anticipate, any set should pasa the twolinusee of Congress which shuold appmr to me ancensti tatinnel, or an enerreachment on the Met power, of .ether departments, or with provisions hastily •dnpted, and likely ; tn. : pi:niece coeseqUeneea 'inju rious and unforseen, rehould not ehririk from the duty of returning it to you, with my reaseris, fee your farther consideration.; Beyond the due per. timelines of these constitutional obligationc! both me respect for the legislature and my-annee of pro print,' will restrain 'me from gay attempt tit con trol er influence your proceedings. With fin" is the power, the honor, and the responsibility ti t f,the legislation of the country. The Government of the Cnited States is a.limit ed Government. If is confined to the exerdiae of nowers expressly granted, and mch others in may be nenessary for carrying those powers into effect; and it is at all times an especial daty to guard -ateinst any infringement on the just rights of the States. Over the objects and gull eeta instructed to Congress, its legislative authnrity is euprerae. But here flue.authority-erases. and every citizen who truly loves the Constitution, and - desires the con tinuance of its existence and its bleiiiiege will testi: lately mid firmly resist any interference in those . domestic affairs. whieti the Constitution haseleatly end uneguivecally left to the exelusive authority of the States. And every such citizen will aled'depre sate tintless irritation among the eeveral Members of the. Union, and all reproach and crirriination tending to alienate one portion of the couutre from another. The beauty of our ayetem of Government eemaists, and its safety end durability mint et : meet, " in avoiding; mutnal collisions, and encroechments• and in the regular separate !action of all, while eaeh is revolving in its own distinct orbit. , The Constitution has made it - the duty of the Free Wont to take entre that the laws be fa ithfally cie nte& In a Government like ours, in which all laws are paned by a Majority of the representatives ofthe people, and thee. repretammtlYee are &wren foe smell short periods, thnt any injUtionll Or ob noxious law can very soon be repealed, it vvonlii ' , lnfant unlikely that eny great numbeen should be found reedy to resist the execution of the. laws. But it must be bnrne in mind' tliat the entintry is extem pore, that:there may be Ineal interests nr prejudices rendering a lava odious in one part, which is not sn in another, end thnt the thonghtlese and inconside rate, misled by their missions, or their itneginatinns, any be induced madly to resist sueh 'ewe as they disepprove. Sueh persons ebould recollett that, witlinut law. there can be no real pnlitital lib erty; ,that, when IRW is trnMpied illider•cooe, 9 , . Lanny rules, whether it eppears in the form n, a military despotism nr of populer violence. TIM lava ie the only sure protection of the weak: and the : only efficient restre int upon the strong . . When im partially and faithfully administered, none is be ; aenth its protection, and none above its j control. Tnu, gentlemen, and the ennntry nuerbe;assured. that to the utmost of my abtlity. •and to the extent lef.the.power vested is me, I ellen at ell times, anil in all places. take mare that the Inws he 'faithfully executed. In the dieehnrze of tkis duty.,inlemnly impneee nprin me hr theCeinetitution, .and by my oath of office, I shall shrink from no reeporisitolity, and shall endeavor to meet events se they may Intim, with firmness, as well with prudence and disetetion. • E - , The appointini pnv.ier !sone of the molt de licate with which the Exceutive is inyestel. I regard it ua• 'erred trait, to be exereised with; the sole 'view of •draseine the prosperity mid happiness of the -peoplelf - It shell be my effmt to elevate the , standard of 'official. employment, by selecting' for pines of importance individnals lined for the posts et whieh they are Resigned, by.their known integ rity, talents,and •irttes. In sn extensive a coun try, ;with 'so greet a poeulation. and *here few Penton appointed to -Zee can he kmrtain to the sppointingpinver ; militates will sometimes une -voldably - barmen, end unfortnnete appointments be made, notwithstanding the greatest elan. In saeh eases, the powerof removal may be properly exer eised • and neglect of duty or malfenwince in office will be no mote tolerated ie individual" appointed 'by myself thin in those appeinted by Others. • lam beery in being table to say that tie unfacor• able elianite in our foreign relations- has taken place sines the menage et the ()pertinent' the last session of Contrees.. We are at peace witty all satinet', and we enjoy in an eminest degree the hiessielts of that peace, in R - nritsperoas and grnw int Wimmeree, and in all the flumes of amtrahle Unfit**, intarennrse. The snexampled trowth Of the country. the present amount of its population, end its ample mean of - self-penteetion: assure for it the teepee of all netinns; while it istmeted that ita character forjustice, and e regard fne the rights of other, States. will cease that reepect to be Ten drils and ebeerfulty mild. , A convention was nesittined between the Baited States and Great Britain. in April Tait, for faCili toting end prntecting the - eoestruction of n shin canal 'between the Atlentie and Pacific Oceans. end for other porposee Thia instrument - hhe sinee been reified by the enetreeting na it's, the exehamte of ratilleetione hes Veen ereeted, end rroelameitrin thereof has been ;duly matte. la addition.tn the stipple : tie - me enntained in this eenventien, two nther objects remain ;to be. Remo,. eliehed between the contenting newer". Rent, the : designation and istablishinent of a - free port at each end of the mans! • • . Seeondoin agreement fixing the distenee from ' the shore within whisk beligerent maretinte opt /nouns shall not be carrier! on. Orrthese point. there Is little dnubt that the two govemmenta w . i.) , i eneee to en understandier. The entemene of citizens of the United Stittes who have acquired from the Stets of Nimregue the pri vilege of eositraeting n ship Panel between the two oceans, through the territory .nr vise State, bare made otOtreits.in their prelimiaery efeangemente. The treats between the Bruited - ,Starr/ noel Great Britain. of the 19th of April lint, above refeered ei., 1...ne /lbw in nneration. 'lt ie t.; be 1.1,4 eh., the I...firer:iee whir,. it olrett 'Xi' , ',Cail,t,iciv. 1,i.1l- J' rare the annaulatinn of the work with; alt titan!te Id. Ma arpedition. It is abalaus that this result tine heindellaltslitostpor4dilf.ini.otheri;thaa peace. 1 fel measures, for the purpose of harmonizing enn flictingulaims, to territory it that quarter, ahould be adopted. It will eonsequently toe my endeavor to. (lame any further negotiations on the part of this ristriontment, which may be requisite for thin pur pose, to be noVonducted aitohnng them to a s peed *nd successful close. y Some mutvoidable delay' has ocr o urred,sing from distance and the diffeulty of intercourse be tween this Government and that of Nicaragua ; but, as intelligence hu just been received of tke appointment of an Envoy Extraordinary and Min ister Plenipotentiary of that Government to reside at Warhington. Whose sr - rival may soon be expect ed, it is.borisd that no further impediments will be experienced in the prompt transaction Of burliness between the two Governments. Citizens of the United States have undertaken the connexion of, the two oceans by means of a rail read across the istlimue of Tehuantepec. tinder grants of this Mexican Government to it citizen of that Republic. It' is understood that a thorough survey of the course of the communication is in preparation, and there is every reason to expect that it will be prosecuted with characteristic en ergy, especially when that Government shall Lave consented' to such stipulations with the Govern ment of the United Statist as may be necessary to imrart a feeling of security to those who may em. bark their property in the enterprise. Negotiations are pending for the accomplishment of that (Neel, and a hope is confidently entertained that, when the Government or Mexico shalt become duly un eible of theadvantagee which that eountry censot fail to derive from the work, and learn that the Government of the United States deiirea that the right el sovereignty of Mexico in the iethrnas shall remain enimpaired, the stiorilations referrer' to will be agreed to with alacrity. _ By the last iltiVieel from Mexico it would appear, however, that that Government entertains st-eng objections to some of the stipulation, which c parties concerned in the projeet of the rail , deem necessary for their protection and Further consideration; it is to b• hoped. or modification ef terms, may yet reconcile the 4 4 :.- enc'es existing between • the two GOVer7ll9,:. this respect. Fresh instracthme have receatly been . • the Minister of the 'United States in Alexia°, is prosecuting the subject with promptitude ability. Although the negntihtions with Portugal, for the payment of claims of citizen* Of the United Staten against that Government, have not yet resulted In it, formal treaty, yet- a proposition made by the Government of Portugal for the final adjustment and payment of those claims, has reeently been accepted on thwpart of the United States. It gives me pleasure to say that Mr.trlay, to whom the ne gotiation on the part of the United State., had been entrusted, discharged the duties of his appointment with ability and discretion, acting always within the inatruntions of hts Government. It ii`expseted that It regular conventicle will be immediately negotiated foveurrying the agreement between the twn Governments into effret. The Commissioner appointed under the net of Congress for carrying Mtn erect the convention with Brazil, of the 27th of January ; 1810, has en ution the performance of the daties imposed tmon him by that net.' It in hoped that those du ties may be romnleted.within the time which it prescribes The dottornents, however, which the Imperial Government, by the third article of the Convention, stipulAtee to furnish the Government of the United Stateht have got yet been received. As it is presumed that,..flitiae documents will be essential for the cortedrdisliolition of the claims. it may become nereisery for Congress to extend the period limited for, the duration of the 'commis. Nicol. The earn stipulated by the 4th article of tae convention "to be paid to this government has been received. " • • The collection-in the ports of the United Staten of ditieriminating duties upon the vessels of Chili and their cargoes has been snapeneded, pursuant to the provisions of the act of Congress of the Nth of May, 15.39. It i■ to be hoped that this measure will impart a fresh impulse to the commerce between two emintrits, which, of late, and especially since our acquisition of California, has, to the mutual advantage of the parties, been mach arigmeated reruvian gimp has become sr, desirable an arti ele to the agricultural interest of the - United:it:item, that it is the duty of the Government to employ all the Team, properly in its power for the parpose of causing that article to be imported into this coun try. at a reasonable price. Mt:Deftly,/ will be omit ted on my part toward siecomplisbinrt thle (levies. Me end. I am persuaded that in removing any restraints on this traffic, the Peruvian government will'promote its own best intere■ta, while it will afford a proof of a friendly disposition towards thin country, which will be noir appreciated. • The between the United Staten and His Majesty the King of the 'Hawaiian Islands, which has recently been made publio, will, it is believed. have a beneficial effect upon the relations between the tstio countries. The relations between those parts of the Island of St. Domingo, which were formerly colonies nr Spain and France , retroactively, are still in nil un settled condition. The proximity of that island to the United States, and the delicate questions invol ved in the emitting controversy there, render it d, 'liable that ithiltourd be pelMinnently and speedily adjusted. The interests of humanity kind of gene ral-eommeree also demand this: and,as intimations of the some sentiment have been received from other Governments, it is hot:rad that "rime plan May soon be devised to effect the object in a manner - likely to give general satisfaction. The Govern ment of the United . States will not fail, by the ex ercise of alt proper friend!). offices, to all in its power to put an end to thn destructive war which has rayed between the different parts of the island. and to secure to them both .the benefits of peace and commerce. I icier you to the report of the Fearetary of the Treasury for a detailed statement of the finances. The total receipts into the Treasury, for the year ending 30th of June last, were forty-eeven milhnn roar hundred and twenty-one thousand 'oven hen dred . and fortc-eight dollars and ninety cents, (347;421,749 SO ) The total . expenditures dnrinu the same period were forty-three million two thousand-one hun dred sad sixty-eight dollars and ninety cents, (543,ixr2.16 , On ) The public debt has been reduced, since the last annual report from the Treasury Department, four hundred and ninety-five thousand twaliundred and seventy•-six. dollars and seventy-nine eents, (405,- 2n;9) Dr the 10th section of the act of 21.1 th January, VW, the proceeds of the sales of the public 121.11,111 were pledged for the interest and prineipal of the public debt. The greet amount of thoar lands sub sequently granted by Crongress for military boun ties. will, it is believed, very nearly sopnly the publie demand for several years to Corse, and but little reliance can, therefore, -be placed on that hitherto fruitful sourer of revenue. Aside from the permanent annnal expenditures, .whieh have necessarily Isrgel7,- increased, a por tion of the'pnblie debt, amorintinct tr , eight million aevent,five thousand nine ; hundred and six dollars and fifty-nine cents (11.9,07.5.9 4 41 r.n) must be provided for within the next two fiscal yenta. It is most desirable that these srsrui..g mends should be stet without resorting to loans. All experienee halt demonstrated the policy of rniiing a..larce portion of revenue. - support of Gorrinment from ilutiai on gra ,. . ported. The power to lay these ditties is la . tionable. snd its chief ohmet. of eonrse.,is - Plenish the treasury. Bat if, in doing this, a, . Cidental adranMze MAY M maned by encovraz tke industrir of our own citizens, it is otir •. avail ourselves of that a dvantage. • - A duty laid upon an article which ennnot be pro , dtreed in thin ; country-vatteh el tea or eriffee-,..cdtla to the omit of the article. and is shiefly ortiholly paid by the ennnumer. Plat a duty. lei& upon en erticle whir+ rosy be produeed here, stimulates the skill and industry of our own country to prodnee 'became article. whieb in brought into the msrket in competition 'mitt, the foreign article. end the im porter is thus compelled to reditee rriee to that. at which the domestic article can be sold, thereby thrieg n pert of the duty upon the pro. dueer of tlre foreign artiele The continnimee of this.proesas crentes the skill, rind invitr*the whieh finelly enable ria to produce-then:tele mtteh eirenner than it could hay; been •proeured from *broad, thereby benefiting both the producer and the consumer nt home The consequence this, it,. that-the artiimn, and the ngrieulturist, are brought together': etieht.iThrill a ?Way Market for the - produce of the other. the whole eountry be comes prosperous, and the ability to produce every necersnrc of life' renders us independent in war as well ni in res;e. A hick Patti can newer he nem : anent. It will cause discatinfactinn end will he chenged. It ex eludes c ompetition; and thereby invites the inyeet -ine,r of mit-tit:ll in . rnanufseturea to-such that when ehnnce , lit brines, distrees. trinktnp try ,and ruin. anon all who have been mielendhy its Inithlesteprotertion Whet the mnnufneturerwants, iv uniformity and permeneneY, that he may feel it confidence shot he is not to be mined by ridden ehenges• But to make a tariff uniform and Tier- Marion!, it is not only neceentry ,that the' Ilne should ant he altered but that the duty rhould mtL fluctuate. To effeet this, ell duties 'should be lip, cifie. wherever the nature of the nrrirle is ineh ^ll to edmtt of it. Ad valorem duties finetteate witty the price. and offer "Tone tcniptetiona to trend find norinry Snerific Ontiet, on, the rontrnrr. nre rival and unif , irm 'in ell ports, end at ell times. end offer it strong inducement to the importer to bring the beat ettieles, as he Mire no more dut , upon thet, than nprin one of inferior ntinlitV. _lt therefore itroorly reenmmend- n modifiention rf .he orexont feta. which has preafrattcl some of On' most tintictrintit 1,C1,4"1 f nvtitni".•,1,,,......”4 obit 'specific duttee tmc'..ted te the requisite reorient', making a - eit diseriml ration in favor of the itulustriel putsuite of our rto coot?, al to encogsge home proaaction, JOURNAL-EXTRA. TUESDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 3,1650 . without excluding foreign conmetitiOn. It is also important that nn tinfortunite provision lin the present tariff which imposes a mach higher duty upon the ruts. Innterial that enter. into mar mann faetures than upon the manufactured articles, should be remedied. The papers arnompany iris the report of the Sec retary .of the Treaeury will diselote frauds at tempted upon the revenue, in variety and amount to great, as to justify the eonclusion that it is irn poseilde, under any system of ed valorem duties levied upon the foreign cost lar value of the artiele, to secure an honest obleervance and an effectual ad ministration of the laws • The fraadulent devices to evade the law which have - been detected by the vigi lance of the apprnisers, leave no room to doubt that similar impriaitions not discovered, to a large amount, have been auccesefnlly practiced 'since the enactment of the law now in Come , This state of things has already had a prejedicial influence mum those engaged in foreign commerce. It has a ten dency to drive the honest trailer from the business of importing, and to throw that important brineh of employment into the handsiof unscruptilous and dishonest men, who are alike reatardlese of law and the obligations of rm oath. By these means the Plain intentions of Congrees, as expressedjn the law, are daily defeated. Every motive of policy and duty, therefore, impel me to ask the earnest attention on Congress to this subject. If Con moo should deem It unwise to attempt tiny im portant changee in the system of levying duties nt this &cation, it will become indispensable to the ' protection of the revenue that such remedies, as in the judgment of Congress may mitigate the evils complained of, should be at once npplied. As before stated, specific dutiea would, in nr.' opinion, afford the most perfect remedy for this evil; but, if you should not concur in this view, then, as a partial remedy, I beg leave respectfully to recommend that, instead of taking the invoice of the a rt iele abroad at a means of determining its Value here, the correctness of whirl) invoice it is in many eases impossible to'xerify, the law be so changed RS to require a home valuation or appmisal, to be regulated in such mainteras to givo,as fares prac ricab'e, uniformity in Itre several porta. There being no mirk in Cs/ifornia, I OM in ..-1 that the laborers in the mines are compelled :pose of their gold duet at a large diacoant ..is appears to me to be a heavy and unjust tax upon the labor of those employed in extracting this precions meta( ; and I cl.oalit not you will be die poised, at the earliest period possible, to relieve them from st by the establiahmeat of a mint. In the mean time, ss an assayers office is established there, I would rernectfullV submit for your con sideration the propriety of authorizing gold bul lion, which has been assayed and stamped, to be be received in mi`yment of Government dues. I cannot conceive that the treasury would suffer any lose by inch a proviaion, which will at once raise bullion to its par value, and thereby save, (if I am rightly informed) many millions of dollars to the laborers which are now paid in brokerage to con vert this preeicui Metal into available funds This di•connt upon their hard earnings i• a beery tax, and every effort should be made by the Government to relieve them from so greet a burden. More than three-fourths of our population ere, engaged m the cultivation of the soil . The eons mercial, manufaeturing, and navigating interests are Ell, to a great extant, .dependent on the agri cultural. kola therefore. the most imnorumt in terest'of nation, and ham a just claim to the fostering. care and tkotectio• of the Government, go far es'they can be extended consistently with the provisions of the Condtitution. Az this can not be done by the ordinary modes of legielation, I respectfully recommend the establishment of an AgrieultUral Burma, to be charged, with the duty of giving to this (eliding branch of American in dusitry the encnuragement which it so well de serves. Inview of the immense mineral resourees of oar country. provision 'ahnold' also be made for the employment of n competent minernlogist and chemist, who should be required, nnder the direc tion of the head of the bureau, to collect specimens of the various minerals of our crinntry, and to'lls certain, by careful annlysle, their respective ele ments and properties, and their admitation to use ful purposes He should also be required to ex amine and report upon the qualities of different snits, and the manures beet calculated to improve theirproductivenees. By publishing the results of such experiments, with suitable explanation'', and by the collection and distribution of rare seeds and plants, with instruction's ns to the bent system of cultivation,. much may be dons to promote this great national Interest Iri compliance with the net of Congress, passed On the 23d of Islay, tkso, providing.; among other things, for taking the seventh census, a superin tendent woe appointed, and all other measures arloptea which were deemed nenessity to ensure the prompt and faithful performance of that duty. The a nproprietion already, made wilt, it is believed, be sufficient to &row the whole expense of the work: brit further legislation may be necessary in regard to the compensation aliment - the marshals of the. Territories. It will also be proper to make provision by law, nt an early day, for the publica tion of such abstracts of 'Cm returns as the public interests mey require. The unprecedented groWth of our Territories on . the Pacific in Wealth and population, and the con sequent inereaae of their social and commercial re. lationewith the Atlantic States. seem' to render it the duty of the Government to use all its consti tutional power to improve the means of intercourse with th . cm. The imrkortance of opening " a line of comMuniention, the best and Moat expeditions of which the nature of the enawry will admit,' be tween the'valley of the Mississippi and the Pacific. was brought to your notice by my predeeessor, in his annual message; and as the reasons which he presented in favor of the manure still exist is full three, I beg leave to call your attention to them, and to repeat the recommendations then made by him. The uncertainty whieh exists in regard to the va lidity of land titles in California is a subject whieh demands Your early consideration. large bodies of lard tn that state are ellaimed under grants said to have been made by authority of the Spani.h and Mexican Governments. Many of these have not been perfected, others have been revoked, and some are believed to be fratidulent. But until they shall have been judicially investigated they will con tinue to tetard the settlement and improvement of. the country. I therefore respectfully recommend that provision be made by law for the, appointment of commisaionersto-examms all such claims with CI view to their final adjustment I also beg leave tweed! your attention to the pro priety of extending, nt an early day, our system of land law', with such modifications as may be ne. Cessary over the State of California and the terri• tortes of Utah and New Mexico. The mineral lands of Calitornia„wilf. of course, form nn exeep then to nny system which may be adopted Various methods of disposing nr them have been suggested. I was nt first inclined to favi r the ayetem of leising, nti it seemed to promise the largest to the Government and to afford the beet security against monopolies; but further reflection, and our experience in lensing the lead nitrite and selling' •lands upon credit, have brought my mind to the conelusion that there would he great diffieulty in .eollecting the rents, and that the relation of debtor and ereditor, he taveen the citizens and the Goreniment., would e be attended with many mischievous consequenee.. I therefore reeommend this, instead of retaining the tetnernt lands under the permanent contml of the Gover - ment, they be divided into small unreels vld sold, under suet' restrictions, as to quantity and as will Insure the hest mice, and guard most • tally against combinations of capitalists to •, "it monopolies. • . . The annexation of Texas and the aenniaition of californin and New Mexteo,hrive given increased importance to our Indian relations. The oaring tribes brought under our jurisdiction by these en lirgementrof oar botindatimi are eatimated.to em brace population clone hundred and twentyfour thousand. Texas and New Mexico are surrounded by envy erfal tribes of Indiana. who are n source of constant terror and unnovanee to the inhabitants. tiepu rating into small predatory bands, and always mounted, they overrun the country. devastating farms, destroyinir crone, driving off whole herds of cattle. and occasionally murdering the inhabitants or carrying them into captivity. The great roads leading into the country are infested with them, whereby travelling is rendered extremely danger on.. and immigration is almost entirely arrested, The slegican frontier. which, by the 11th artiele of the treaty of Goadolutte.flidalgri, we are bound to protect against the Indians within our border, is exposed to these incursions equally with OUT own. The military force : stationed in that country Cal thancli forming a lame proportion of the finny) is represented a■ entirely inadequate in our own protection and the fulfilment of our treaty stlptilii firms with Mexico. The nrineitml deficiency is in cavalry. and reeommend that Congress should, at as early II period as practienhle, provide far the re ieing crone or More regiments of mounted-Men For fnrther nuevestintis on this subject, and mho's esnnerted with.otie domestic interests, and the defence of our frontier, I refer rat to the report of the Secretory of the Interior and of the Secretary of War. • I commend atsrt tb veer. fxrPrehle consideration the suggestion eontained in the last mentioned re port, and in the letter of the fieneral-in-chief. rela tive to the establishment of an asylum for the relief of disabled and destitute soldiers, This subject appeals so strongly to :pint syttpatbies thnt it wonhi be snperftnous in me to sly any thing more, than barely to camera my cordial approbation' of the proposed ohieet. The navy rontinnes to rive emteetion to nor entitme roe and other national .interems in the M. Pied quarters of. the globe. nrul, with the neer , . tent of a single steamer on the Northern biker. the vern•is r rniAtion nre dislrihuted ids differ rriun The spend or that Drparctneot sr II exhibit pf dote squadrotut, *ad of the several oyed in eseh daring the pet ..A t „t 13 yenr. It u n 'mace of cratiftentina that, while they. have been constantly prepared for any hostile emergency, they have ,ever ywhere met with the respect and courtesy, due as well to the dignity na to the peaceful dispositions and just purposes of the nation. The two brigantines accepted by the Govern ment from a generoui citizen of New Volt, and placed under the commando( an officer of the navy, to proc red to the Arctic sen■ in quest of the British commander, Sir John Franklin, and his compa nions, in compliance wi'h the act of Congress, aft proved in May Inst, had, when last heard from, pe netrated into a high northern latitude; but the suc cess of this nrble and humene enterprise is yet un vertain. I invite your attention to the view of our present naval establishment and resat:iv,' presented is the report of the Secretary of the„ , ...Navy, and the sug gestions therein made for its Improvement, toge ther with the naval policy recommended fer the security of our Pacific cond. and,the protection and extension of our commerce with . Eastern Agin. Our facilitiee for a larger pattiornon in the trade of the East, by means Otour recenrsettlementaun the shores of the Pacific, are too obvious to be over looked or disregarded. The questions in relntion to rankinAierarMy and navy, and relative rank,.betwee - o.ifficara.a the two branches of the servier,tweeeiited to the Executive by certain resolutions of the House of Representa tives, at the last acsaiort.iferingreas, have been sub mitted to a board of °inters iii each branch of the seririce, and their repot may be expected at 1111 early day. • - alto contently recommend the enactment of n law authorising officers of the army and navy to be rr tired from the service, when incompetent for its Vigorous and active duties, taking care to make sui• tahle provision for those who have faithfully served their country, and awarding distinetion., by re taidg in appropriate commands those who have been particularly conspicuous for gallantry and itiaid conduct. While the obligation of the country is maintain end honor those who. to the exclusion of other pursuits. hive devoted themselves to its ar drums service, this obligation should not be per mated to interfere with the efficiency of the service itself. ',NI am graltfied in being able to ante, thnt ohe estimates of expenditure for the navy in the easy it4 year are less, by more than one million of dol• Inn, than those of the present, excepting the ap proprintion which' may become neeesartry for the construction of a dock ou the coast of the Pacific, proposition■ fo , which are now being considered, and, on v!hieh a special "report may be expected ently in your present session. There it an evident justness in the atiggestion of thr rime report, that apprOpriations for the naval service proper thnuld be separated from those for fixed and permanent objects, such ■• building docks and navy ynrds, and the fixtures attached; and from the , extraordinary objects under the care of the Department which, however important, are not essentialty naval. A revisi , n of the code for the government of the navy seems to require the immediate consideration of Congrene. Its nysterns of crimes sod punts"- menta had undergone no change for lull( a century, until the last cession, though ita defects have b-en often and ably pointed out, and the abolition of a particular species of corporeal punishment. Which then took tilace, without providing any'imbstitute, has left the service m n ewe of defectiveness, which calls for prompt correction. I therefore re commend that the whole subject be revised without delay, and Ruch a system established for the,,,en foreement of discipline, as shall be nt (MCC humane amheffectual. The aecompinyintr report of the P. stnnster Ge neral, presents s.atisfactory view of the operations and condition of that department At the close of the iSt.c fiscal year, the length of the inland mnil route in the United States (not embracing the service In Oregon and Cnlifornis) was one hundred and seventy-eight thousand six hundred and seventy-two miles ; the nnnnril trans portation thereon forty-six million five hundred and forty-one thousind four hundred and twenty-three miles; rind the annual cost flinch transportation two millions seven hundred and Twenty-four thou 'sand four hundred and twenty-six dollar■ - The increase of the annual triinsportation over that of the preceding year, was three milluins nine hundred and ninety .seven thourind three hundred end fifty-fouriniles, and the increase in emit was three hundred and forty-two thnurinnd four hundred and forty dollars. " The number of post offiees in the United States, on the first day of July kat, WAS eighteen thousand Coat hunireeir sit_ seventeen—being an incisors* of 'lateen hundred and seventy daring the preceding year. , The gross revenues of the Department for the fis cal year enilic'e Jane 3citi, IRSo. amonntral to five millions five hundred and fifty-two thousmil nine hundred a n d seventy-one dollars amt forty-eight gents, including the annual appropriation of two hundred thousand &Alias for the franked matter of the departments, arid excluding the foreign post age! collected for and payable to the Iltitiedi Go vernment. The expenditures for the aline period were five millions two hundred - and twelve thommud nine hundred and fifty-three dollare and flirty-three cents---leaving n balance of revenue river expendi tures of three hundred and forty thousand and eighteen dollars and five cents. , I am happy to find that the fiscal condition 01 the Department is such as to Justify the Postmaaver General in recommending the reduction of our in land letter postage to three cents the single letter wilco prepititioind five cents when not Lireiiaid. He elan recommends that the prepaid rate shall be reduced to two cents whenever the revenue of the Depnrtmentoifter the reduction, shall exeeed its expenditures by more than five per et at. fnr two consecutive years; that the postage upon Califor nia and other letters sent by our ocean steamers shall be much reduced ; and rhnt the rates of post age on newapapmp, pamphlets, periodicals, nrid other printed matter shall be modified, and some reduction thereon made. It cannot be doubted that the proposed •eiluel inns will, for the present diminish the revenues of the Detainment It is believed that the deficiency, nfter the surplus already necamulnted shall be ex hnusted.may he almost wholly met. either by abol ishing the exittinteprivileges of 'ending free matter through the mails, nr by pitying out of the Treasury to the Pest Office Department It sum' equivalent to the pestnge of which it is deprived by such privi feces. The Inst is supposed to be the preferable mode. and will, if not entirely. on nearly supply thin deficiency ns to make any further nppmprin- Win that may be found necessary so inconsiderable ns to form no obstacle to the proposed reduction.. :f entertain no doubt of the authority of Conurern to make appropriations for leading objects in that eines of public works comprising what nre usually called works of internnl improvement. This,nn thorny I suppose to be derived chiefly from the Power of regulating commerce with foreign na tions, and nmong the States, and the power of My ing and cntleeting imports. Where commerce is to be carried on, mid immana collected, there met he ports and harbors, es well as wharves and cue tom-bowie.. If ships.laden with valuable nppronch the shore, or sail nlonc the toast. light houses are neeassary nt suitable point* for the protection of life and property. Other fleilities and securities for commecee and nnvicatiorc tire hardly lers importnnt.nnd thope dna set of the Contain:llion, therefore, to which I hnve referred, have received from the °nun of the Government a liberal and beneficinlconstruction..Not only hnve lighthouses, buoy', and tmenne been estntilished, and amain! lights maintained, but harbors have been cleared nod improved, piers constrneted, rind even bresik watere, for the enfety of shinning, rind ee.n wall to protect harbors from being filled up, tend rendered useless, by the nction of the ocean, have been erected nt very great expense. And this construc tion of dheCtinstitution appears the more resson able from the cansideratinn, that if these words , of such evident improtnnee and utility, RTC nnt id , l4 nceemnlithed by Congress, they cannot be accom plished at nit By the ndoption of the Constantinti the wend States vnlantanly Tinned with the rower of collecting &flies of import in their own pone; and it is not to he expeeted that they should raise money, by internal taxation, direct or indi rect, for the benefit of that commerce., the reve nues derived from which do nnt. either in whole or in part, go into their own treasuries. Nor do I perceive tiny difference between the power of Orin ',tress to make appropriations for objects of this kind on the ocean and the power to make appro priations G , r eimilar objects on taken and rivers. wherever they nre large enough to hear on their western nn extensive traffic. The munifieent Mis sissippi end its tributaries, and the wad. laken of the north and the northwest, appear to me to fall with in the exercise of the power. ns justly and ss clearly as the Orean and the Gulf of Iffexieri. It is a mistake to regard expenditures judiciously made for theen objects RS expenditures for local Purposes. The positinn, or site of the work, in neccsenrilt. local; but its utility is general A ship canal nround the falls °Mt. Mary of less than a mile in length, though local in its ronstruetinn, would vet be national in its pnrpore and its bene fits. ns it wnald remove the only ebstniction to n navigation of more thnn a thnntand TRUES, :law leg several Stntes, ns well as mar commercial re ;Minns with Crinniln, tan, tnn, the Breakwnter rat the month of the Delaware is erected, not for the exrlasive benefit of the States bordering on the tiny and river of, dint name, but for •thnt of the whole coastwise navigation of the United States, nnd, to n considerable extent alum, of foreign commere- If n ship'be lost on the bar at the entrnnec of n southern port Inc want of sufficient depth of water, it is very likely to be a northern shin : and if n steamboat be sunk in any part of the litissiscippi. nn n.count of its Martinet not hnvinc been properly cleared of obr•rnetiont. U tr,r he n iso-41 b e in e gi r , in n' her of .right or Celt t-t , tra iirty aid, c• Foto...what remarkable, 'lint among an the ?biro . ono States, there Is none that is not, to a greater Igo event, bounded on the man, or the '4 l 3ttlf of .• exien, or one of the great lakes, or soma naviga Die river. In- fulfilling our constitutional dories, fellow eiti• zenst, on this subject, RS to marrying into .ifeet all other powers conferred by the Constitution, we should considerVitirselites as deliberating and net ing for one and theattme country, end bear eon atantly in mind that our regard and our duty are due not to n partieular part only, bat to,the whole. I therefore recommend that sppmprintions be . made for completing each workeee have been ni ready begun, and for commencing eneh others op may seem to the wisdom of Congress to be of pub lic and general importance.. The difficulties and delays, incident to the , set tlement of private claims by Congress, amount in many eases to a denial of justice Thera ii reason to apprehend tb3t ninny unfortunate creditor' of the Government have-thereby been artevoidably ruined. Congress hits in much business of n pub lier.\4 character, thnt it i impossible it almuld' give much attention to me private claims, and their accumulation is now so great that mow 'claimants most diepair of everibei able to nbtain a hearing. ft may well be doubted whether Congress, from the nature of the organikatien, in properly conetitut..l to decide upon' surh'.eqses. It is impneeihle that each member should eximile the merits of every elnim on which he le compelled to vote; and it as preposterous to ask n jEllif P to decide a case which he has never heard 1. Such decisions may, and fre quently must, do injusticekeither to the elnimnnt or the Government..and t perceive no bet•er remedy for this crowing rail than the establishment of name tribunal to adjudicate upon spelt claims. I bog leave, therefore / ' most respertfulty„to recom mend that provision; be made by law for the np- , nobitment of it ennnnissinn to settle all private elnim• agamst. the United States; nnd, as en ex parte hermit!: must in nll contested cases be very uneratisfactory, I alio recommend the apenintment of a Solicitor, whose dutv it shall he to reprerent the Government before such commission, and pro tect it against all, !Ikea!, 'fraudulent or unjust claima, which may! be presented for their adjudi. cation. • ! This Dinriet,'which has neither voiee nor vote in your deliberntione. looks to you for proteetinn nod aid, and I rommend all its wants to your favorable eimeideration, with a fall ennfidence that you will meet them not wily with justice, but with liberali ty. It should be borne in mind that in this city, laid out by Wnshington, end consecrated by his //IMO. i• loested the Capitol of our nation, the emblem of our Union and the symbol of oar greatness. Here •Ito nre situated all the:oolitic bu Jdinae neeessary for the use of the Government, and nll theme are exempt from taxatiiiii It should be the pride of America," to render this place sttraetive to the people of the whole. Republic and enovenient and Rafe for the transnetiort of the public busmens.rmil the 'preservation of the publie records. The Gov ernment should, therefore, bear on liberal propor tion of the toirdent of all neceessry end useful im. provements. And, ns nothing could enntribute more to the henlth'. comfort. and vorrtv of the city, and the security of , the publics buildings and re -cords, than nn abundant supply of Mire water. I resnectfully recommend that you make sorb pro visions for obtaining the same us flit your wisdom you may deem proper The net pit sited nt same last session, making cer tain propositions trt.Tesns for settling the disputed boundary between That fttate and the Territory of ISis-w Merit°, was, immeilintely on its rinsunge, transmitted by erpreas to the Governor of Texna, to be 'hid by him Wore the General Assembly fer ite agreement thereto. Its reeeipt Mogi duly ac knowledged, but. no official informntinh has yes been received of the action of the General Assembly thereon; it may, however, he very 1,0011 expected, as, by the terms Of the propositions submilfedi they were to have been noted upon, on nr betide the first dny of the preient month. It was hardly to have hero expected that the se ries of mensurespassadnt your Inst session with the view of henlingdhe sectional differences which had around from the Slavery and territorial questions, should at once have realized their brnefirient pur pose All mutts's' concession in the nnture of a compromise must necessnrily be unwelcome to men of extreme!opinions. And though without such conceasione our Constitution could not have been formed, yet we have seen them mnde the *abject of bitter controversy - in both' sections of the Republic.. . It required many months of diseuseien snil delibe ration to ',tare the roncurrence of • MiliOrity of Congress in their fe,gor. It would be attune if they had been receilkywith immediate operas tisii ty people and Stra prejudiced and heated by the etiettlnif eolltetiVe Mee or sleet. I to.lirve those meant ea to love' been required by the circumstances rind emidition of ti e country I believe they were necessary to nllay the 'asperities and animosities thnt were rnpidly nlienai in= one sec tion of the ern:entry from another, nnd destroying those frsterital Sentiments which are the strongest gimports of the Constitution. They weSe adopted in the spirit of eolletliStion and for the porpoise of conciliation. I believe that a groat majority of our fellow citizens sympnthize in that spirit, and thnt purpose, nnit in the maintriprrose.nnd are prepsred. in nll reap-cts, ro suiftla these ennetments. I rennin doubt thnt the Amerienn people• bound to gether by kindred' blood and Common trnditions. still eherish • paramount regard for the Union of their lathers: end that they are ready to rebuke any rittempt to vinlnte Pa integrity. to disturb the comnromisra nn Whiell it a tossed, or to telint the lawn which have beenenneted under it. otithority The series of meleures to which I have Minded are regarded be me ns a settlement, in prinriple and substance- a final settlement, of the dangerous sod exciting sukicetsurnich they embraced. Most of these nuhier,ta, intierd, arc beyond vou r mach, ss the lecislntinn which disposed of them wne, In Ifs ch , rnetert final nod irrisynenb'e. it m►y he pre sumed from the opposition whirr), they nil eneriun, tered that none of those mensures was free from imperfeetions, but in their Mutant! deunndenee and connexion they formed n system of compromise, the most enimilintomand best for the entire coun try, that enuld be obtnined from conflietin; sec tinnalanteresta snit opinion.. Fnr this renson I recommend your adherenee to the ndjustment established by those measures, until time and experienee shall demonstrate the neces sity of Nailer lerrislntinn to guard again' , evvinn or abuse. By that adjustment we hare heeni rescurd frnrn the wide and, boundless agitntion thnt surrounded and have a firm, distinct. and legal ground to rest ['jinn. And the occasion. I treat, will justify me In exhorting my countrymen to rally neon and msintnin that ground as the., hest, if not the only means, of restoring pence and quiet to the country, and mnintaining, inviolate the integrity of the Union: And nnw, I cannot bring this ecmirtusicntion to a close withnut inynkinq ynit to Min me in humble and devnut thanks to the Great R ides -all tm.!ions, for the moltiplied blessings which he hne bestowed upon no. Hill hand, sin often visible in nur preservation, has stayed the pestilener, rowed as from foreign wars and domes tic disturbsndes, and scattered plenty thrnaghout thr band. Oar liberties, religions and civil, have been main tained; the fountains of knowledve have all been Rent one, and means of hopping's, widely aprend and generally enjoyed, greater than have fallen to the lot of env other nation. And, while deeply penetrated with cratirude for the mut, let un hope that his all-wise Providenee will so guide nor rounsela that!they slain result in Riving satisfartion to mar constituent', zecuring the peace att..: coun try, ntid adding new strength to the united Govern ment under Which we live. MILLARD FILLMORE WAIIIIIIIGTON, December 21, IR.SO Hom. J.- S. BLACII.—The Loebfoeos of Washington held n county meeting on -Wed nesday Inst, at which they adopted among other resolutions, the following : Rests'rod, That see rneognige in the Hon. Jere. milli S. Meek, a gentleman o mg every et, sential rtnuisite,in an eminent <1.1m,, to reoreaent Pennaylvaain in the Senate of rt. , . United Swell, and we hereby insttur' nor Representative, Messrs. Leet and Riddle, not only t. vote (or him in rotten., so long as he shall continue to be named, but to use all honorable means to areure his noun wit ion rind eli,etion., FingPlT \L AT AcSPrLeo.—The Pannin; Star of the Vth alt. states that the American captains have esteblisbed a hospital at Acripnleo bc volun tary contributions of $lO each. Capt. World of the steamer New Orleans. gave Vin towards this praiseworthy object. Sueh institistp.os sr. trent ly Wnnted in all the ports between Son Francisco and Panama. Ur The villageof Bor t lentown. „.i t h n pcpni, tinn of 2,650, ',pant" of seven pl,eesofWorrltin— Baptist, Elll6COnni. hiethodist.. Preshyterign, mln C, thnlic Friend', and o Methodirt ehuTeh Tor colored persons. r:V* The St. Louis rains rove, that since 11,C Tr turn of Col. Rentnn frnm Worthington, and bin speech, the belief coining,' ground thnt he will be re-eleeted to the U. 1 3. Senate. re- At Worcester, on Thursday night, the sheriff made a deecent upon a tintorinns gambling trsitee, and tnok custndy ',hold half a dozen gambler,. Wh.WPIP enMl7ll . tel to ry. A lady In Grntnn, 11aea. , came gear Innicv her life the other day hv taking six or seven g,rnin. of Tartarizeri Antimony, which by mistake 1v ,, 1 been given her by en erotheenty for Crtnea of 'Caren. r'" Th." U S. steamer hinst2chusetls San Diego on the leth of Oet., with the Pony aril navy enmmiasienera an Onatal They had finia'ed their work, and the vesrel wis to leave for San rr.a , - r• the It st • the IT ie Ivor Perry, qr.d ra.nt to 4 6. .t klaver, havlai been ciniiiaained Di-. Wet Court there, was sold on Friday last ror TWO. • . a. The Scheel Mieeee mad her Capiee Friend. r One of the most loathing instances of canine attachment, of which we ever heard, was re lated to us the other day, by n matron of the neighborhood where the finale of the melan• cltoly event transpired. "A young lady of one of the northern towns of this county. whil&engaged in teach ing school, the past summer, a-few miles - from her home, was singled out, towards ilk close of her engagement, without any nepar- ot in dneement, by the dog of one of her empli.vers, as the peculiar object of his regard, which soon unaccountably increased to sueh a degree 'that he could senre:ly be beaten from her side, or preventcd from entering the sehoot house, to which he daily repaired. At the termination of her Sir-hoot, which she left in failing health, when about to start for her parental residence, the dog gave signs_ of his determination to fol io* her, which perceiving, she turned io the owner, and soon effected it p:lrehllSe or the ani ma!, which now Ovonsly [mended her home. Her first words, on entering the hew.% were Mother, I have name home to die, have brought n friend here to watch' over my ernve." After making this aunouneement, she in medi ately took to her bed, nnirl slink rapidly in u typhoid, which in about a week, terminated in her death. During her whole siekne, faithful nud evidently sorrow stricken dog, never, but for n few moments nt n time, left the Sick room, constantly lying dejectly near the head of her bed, nnil seeming too too blest when permitted to lick her fevered hand, when was oeeasionalty extended (Pr his tender cwt... Pe. As her final hour drew near, he indifferent Ante food. and 'soon refnsed it alto. gether. After her death, which 6o seemed to comprehend, he continued to wnteh by the corpse, only at one time leaving it, and that was when the eoffin-ense which having arrived with th'e entrin, teas carrel and plaited by the side of the grnve previously dug in an et:eh, sure near the house He then, havinti some how been made aware of what was going on. came out of the house. went to the ease, and with his I)I3kWS on The In. iin,l,-,ern ed to extimine it attentively. Re n•ltt. lumped down into the grave, and nppeared to im:peel Ihal also with coital ea, and “iiention He then came out and hurried tr.ck to his rag by the corpse, whieh be continued to watch, tiff it was brought out for interment. when he followed the coffin, and looked sorrowfully 1111:114 it was b-wered to its thud resting pinoe, and the grave filled up. When his human fel low-mourners retired, however, he reins'inod behind, and lying down at the head of the grave could not be induced to leave the Flint, tefit-ing for the first few days, all food, then, for n week or two sparingly receiving it when brought to him, and, tit lam Kollin' neenstomilly to the hon.. int it, but only to dispatch in haste whit!, was set before him, and return to his snd and Innelv, vigil, which, night and day, he still continues to keen up, over the ronainS of his beloved mistress.—Vermont Freonatz. "1 Woiet."—At the, Womnn's Convention, lister, the husband of Abbey Kelly Foster, after a. long spi.eeh on women's righls, voneliftl ell by charging that the pulpit and St. Paid were responsible for the enslavem ent of the sex. When the priest aavri to the . v. , otn.m, " Love, honor, rind obey," whnt can she do? Ahhey Kelly Foster—al! Do ns the wife. of the Rev. • Joseph Bancroft of Woree...ter, du]. Say, "1 won't." ILatighteel Wrwri they came to the word "obey,' she said "I won't." She was n good woman, and n mach better man then her son George. She aid "I won't," 11110 she compelled them to 1(.8.01 I tilt part out. Mi. Foster, (husband of Abbess Kr110—le•; and there was a lady of seventy year 4 old at dinner to-dav, who said when she eame to tbn word " obeli " she dropped her husband's hand. [Laughter SITE OP PARADISE.—CoIoneI Chesney, wit:r commanded an expedition, sent, a few years back, by the British Government, to explore the Euphrates, has introduced into his narrative recently published, speculations on the probable site of Paradise, which he believes - he has satis factorily tiSeertnined to be Central Armenia; and the "Land of Eden" is there actually lnui down on the index map.. He identifies the Hales end, Aroxes, whose source exists within a short dis mace of the Euphrates and Tigris, with the Pison and Gihon of Scripture, - while he consid ers the country within the 'Helps an the land Haviloh, and that which borders on the Arrexes, CO , the remarkable rind much disputed territory of Cush.—Sricuti American, • Fnom TExsa.—We have received GalveQlon papers of the 19th ult. A German woman was shot at Fredericksburg, and sliihtly wounded in the arm by an Indian arrow. Tn.., fireater it 'Texas says the Indians about Fredericksburg are doing a brisk business in the way of stealieg hnraes. It appears that all the several loth, go to the Eastern .trading houses and profess peace, but when they have secured ti supply: of ammunition, they direct their ate pa we.ownrd, and pillage and murder Whenever opportunity oilers. William Turner, ennvieted of the murder of John Tennent, in 11-zar enunty, ese sped from the penitentiary at Huntsville. ytt. , l; before 64 The proper calkers were in pursuit of h N9RIUWESTEN UN:IVEIL.ITY —The Methodist denomination in Chieatro have determined h. esiahtish a University in thnt_ette, to he styled the Northwestern University. It intended not only for 'hut for Wow an.ia mud Tows,also, the eonfe'renees .eaoh of the.tt States leaving united in the undertaking,. Fans: HA*/ lED KEY WEST —Tho •0..110, nt Chßlleston, brinss date, from llEVlora to the 2tst, mul from Key West to the ~I instant There \vs' no news stfrrlng ht ilokyritot tvhou tho linhel left The hie flaptaltn-srmer:a. Count Al- env. ended on the Vat ut th• tledon.o, for Cada. Tim cholera was mill prer..lllll at the moth sole of the island. flutrwrtitcrt —The rthr lartbrl 2,1 Cont Pm, t rom Malan, urrittetti rtt Hairifin ion thr I Ith ult nn hoard the tlnptnin and t•tt;ht settinett ken from tie wreck of the kis Robert frz u ilonclurns, bound (or Mistott, wreeked o 4 i the r,p. Ittradoe west of Key /Men* Mate, on the 10th ult. fir The c.thf,:ir Hierarchy io land numbers &Ad ehapelx, heodden other or•ticent where service is performed, 9s priests. II colleges, and 131 convents. El ft v-ime of the priests employ . ed in Citelsnd aie Doctors of Divinity. and seven teen English priests are resident in various semi naries slims& This is a much larger force than was anpoosed. rn Fdigtaud and Wales the elywels are 9.97. IZeotlnnil 93. re'The traihisigtoa (ob , eon!, trltt a stati . iment signed by J C Rives, mak ter ,r 4 rnitot, detailine the history of the sale n9the (Hobo In ISIS to Ritchie and Heirs. It is rotl.rr seven. upon Mr. Ritehie, and the whole off iir ert.wit the struggle 111 1.0 the CyllgreP3ioll3l pr iuttng , and the profit and losses thereon. CV" The catalogue of the Hasty i'wht,,,a Club of Harvard College, includes the n meson mem hers, of whom P 73 are now remaining The I ihra. ry conmine 3,509 volumes. Some ['hoe , die tillgUt*lted WO Of RII profetotinnP, groin 'leo of the University. have been members of the old H isty Pudding, Club. CV . The remelts returns of n.lll . V”.111111^1 , m XVIII - C. 11111 1 ,1. I,ll°W 11.11 inert!~ ot the noon ,on of !lint Slat* of giity-two and a hull per rent, m two and half Vent's Should the other rouutter pillow the same intr.( inereAse, ¢ayt, the mii wa . hie S,‘”f".ol, the agfCregatelloptilatlon of the &ate will I , l' about 350.0 M. ar The Stste House, nnw building n tl i no or, the earital of Ohio, is to he 3 (1 .1 fret lot g wide The hri,, , tht of the walls, to tho tor of the hloelcine eonree, will he it feet ; to the roil aj thn rotunda 110 feet. A great p•rt of the Inbar upon the inlifit, is door by ettnytete. re • The citizens of (331Intin, Trlln .111VC nth. serihrd $1 0 .40() totstirls the etret,oo of s stook fortory • The comity 111 obe ono,' "lord for veriptlons and there is a dttermin ition to.c trry out ihr enterrine, flrTh" rholtr•ston (: 4 C ) 31••ettry sav• that tit , anat....Mos pa rale at the critr in I of the State of uninfoerned embus, promises to to..li t introong Ninny comp - mitts. wtil to teet on•les to the pow rentl , z voila . re' Tile Nnshvil. Blotto+ nava the •ott totem-on nri scut nn the first ilnv of the d • .otithern Convention," estionatoal the it h•.le toortbr• t,o, teVol•nee. inelutiolg eprctti tors "' aria Overton, Tenn • the'eenana tatter I..atsol lads. named Steven. whose nee won our hundred and twenty sears She was martae.l it 'toe too. ot firaohtiekts defeat s Fier alampst oio to n .uptrt 1,1 , 10 f rirTh , St I.nuis R.lothtiecaa of th.. ttitt 0a.1 , 0t notes four death' , by rheders nn bo •rd the 10.C.1111C1 , Light font, hound up the N7disown t•et M . The ntrinunt of property Ch e.orgt. sot pet to tit nonctire tilt the 1..1 ,0 .1 J•l9t tnY eti smolt t o to TIIIRTIMM k Rit rio-T4, choler-I.lin' npnnired 1110, and tour de itlos had ooest:ed the Ifitli ult. ~'9~ n^prr,g~. of p...,r~».~r ' !I. !I nak. I 1 f I •M
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers