POTTSVILLE. CIII,TIII,'RDAV MORNING,, MAR, 9, 1813. insurance. The knbacriber. Agent for one of the ileac Insur ance offices in Philadelphia, ia prepared to makein surances on all descriptions of property snch st Houses; Mills. Stables, Goode, Furniture. kc.. &c . at4he Very Icrweat rates: • B. BAN N AN. WV: B. earner,. Csq., No. 104, South Third fitreeti, Philadelphia, is authorised to act as Agent to receive subscriptions and advertisements for this, paper. .. • 'ixj.Wit have receivel'a serielof important com munications upon the subject of iron rails tnnizra!l tottde:ihe brat number of which will be found in our columns of to-d y. also call attention to the cominunicatioti on the subject of jile cur rency in this paper: . • -An emtivnidatife;:•*press of advertisemenia has . " crowded . out out usual quantify of reading matter This week—we shall endeavor, however, in a short time to furnish the accustomed variety. B ash's Eddy Outleb We motive by the proceedings at flarrishurgh, -,that the bill to authorize the construction of an outlet lock at Black's Eddy - is stilt agitationin the Senate. The New Jersey interest is indefati• gable in its efforts to procure the passtge of • this bill, and th 6 people of the Suite are insulted by the COllllO which the boreri have taken to bribe their Rapresentive.; open houses are kept, and every Method ca Culated to wheedle' the legislators from their linty; is unhesitatingly put into practice. •We Ito .e for the credit of the State, that the I.egialatorewill never be induced to commit such 1110 Prior ofilaolicy, as to pass this NIL; The object id State iegittlation is the benefit and welfare of the people thia.Stafi: any course calculated to :'eulivert.either of these results. is wrong in policy, am/ injuriMts In lireceignt. The paiisii of such a law would rendr4)lse less a largo portion of the state worL•s consted by the people's money ; and it would divert the trade, whieh is now flowing into our great Ernpo rici, into another state, to the manifest prejudice oat) injuryi of the former. The fact that this out. • let will betiefit,New 4ersey and New York. is no argument to a Pennsylvania Legislature. We are not expected to practice a spirit of self denial which would lead us to benefit another State at the • expense of our own—neither should we yield lo Ahem the itdvantage of our resources, or become 'their cries pine by legislating for them. /4 ist true that the Lehigh )Uumpany pledge them .: selves to pay the State the same. toll which was charged en the whole route. " Even supposing this' pledge to be good (which never can be as long as the company is insolvent) •it would not obvi ate The evil results which would accrue to Phila slelphia from the measure: Our Legislature, by passing this measure would merit a fair title to the ridicule of other states for its imbecile pliancy. The folly of such a course' will be fully opplient when it is known that even when listening to the application for such a law, they are debating the policy of selling this very improvement ; Then what;a wise ayetem of legis lation is that which would depreciate the value of the canal at least one half," ; .. by granting a law al 4yving it to be tapped at the centre of its length, at she same time asking for i purchaser! The effect o'f the measure should beitaken intoo• calm and careful consideeitio i n before ani.decided action be had upon it. -Yie- have already Suffered enough ftom hasty legislati:bn, and we -do sincerely hope that the passagoef Opt* law may never be al lowed to crown the folliesiot past acts. 5 • Tut EtA-NNAUPT Law.,.—We regret to state th4thn'bill providriag for repeal of the Bankrupt Law; which patid in the House and sent to the Setni,.has since passed - the latter body by a vote of 32 to 13.,„ The passage of this repeal by the body which created the laW, is calculated to throw more odium upon the presdnt Congress than any other act of the session. Some of the whig pa cers express s hope that the President will veto the !bill, yet foriemr part, wa.would rather see the mert sure_thus destroyed byCongrees, thop i owe its pres, ervation to the despotic exercise . ' of the veto Sr. DiVID ' S Dar.--Wednesday last wal a •day lull of interest to the Weidman, of this 're gion. Early in the morning the memhereof_the Cambrian Society' were on the alert, and, in a short time, a procession, accompanied bymusic, banners, and 'KV the decorations and insignias of ;,membership, Woe parading our streets. The.Cainbrians of New York, had a grand Or - eettaion on that day—thousands were engaged in •it. and the Scene is deszribed as imposing in the - extzomi. rxi•The thin. %Valtec Forward. Secretary of the Treaters, has sent in his resignation to the Presi 'dem to take effect on"-the 14 of March. This was, unexpected, pad destroyed the plane of the Captain. who :would have had the sole appoint 'pent of hilt successor, ithe'had dated his resigns. ai was anticipated, ` after the 4th of March. The President has since nominated John C. Spen iteer n place of Mr. Forward. , MUG E.—President Tyler sent a Mes sage to Ceetgress on the 27th inst., in which the &naive opinion in relation to the important questiotrof the right of search or visitation, is fut. Ay laid down. He differs from Sir Robert Peel, iti . hia construction ' of the right, and contends that the treety, as it stands, covers the whole ground. The views contaiced in the paper are sound in • principle, and sufficiently dignified. AeoTUTI T►l ilti.s. 7 A proposition has Been made in the LegislatUre to levy itState Tar, for the purpose of paying the interest on the State debt, apportioning the same among tho different counties in the. State. We have no objection to !being used for the purpose of paying interest-- tiot decidedly opposed to furnishing any 'more stealin g % for the Porter faction. This ap- Tem to be the general feeling in this quarter. . • The lMackenzie trial which is still progresing, has Become tiresome and monotonous.. Many of the pipers Awe ceased reporting the evidence, as it is nothing more then a long drawn out version of the former testimony. Mr. Doer has with drawn from the defence, and hie pine is now fill .ed by Theo s riora Sedgvvick,' Esq. .The papers' of the ;reentry are bandying Taboo% st horrible story, describing o terrific contest 'between a weasel end a number of /MS. the denou .enter# 4 the death of the weasel, end the conic queue triumph of the o mend" tails." Some of the papers state that Com. Hull was C : the first man of any nation that ever took an En , ' s glisb frigate in fair and single fight. This is dis 7 puted by thefriends of Paul Joiies, who quote the celebrated action of the . Bon-hornme Richard. ' 'Twenty five Contractors on the Erie Cantil,tro. advertise tor,ai t i. go b o dy 14 4fiitfilabenrers 7- wtio Will•teceiVe work. Sutnnair and - ;',..615'iv• • _ . .It is eivrently, repurtedihat Preadeat Tller has vEked Thelyy!,: The.Apyontioriinene Bill for State Senators and Representatives, at ceporied hp' the DomMit totygit:es S.chuylkil county two Represesentatives in the House. !intern:toms •to Lehigh in fermtin the Senatorial District. - The veto the Congressional 'Apportionment 131111 was sustained by a vote of 12 to 41. Anoth er 101 has been introduced itito'the Sainte by - Mr: Penniman. with some little alteration, but leaves our district the - mime as in the Bill vetoed. In the House several' new. Bills have also been introdu ced.i Since the above was it f type, on Apportionment which glees the Whigs but five ntembers,has pastied the House by a vote .of 52 to 36. In this 8111 Schuylkill, Dauphin and Lebanon, fame one dist'ict. Tux CAN•L Commissiosens.—Oar readers will remember that since the question of selling the public improtienients hes been agitated, the Board of Canal Commissioners published a report, for the purpose of preventing the sale,by which it appear ed that half it mil ion of dollars were saved lasi year to the State over and above the expenses. The labdurs of the investigating Committee have clothed this matter with quite a different complex. lion''; it now appears that the Board, in their re port gave the receipts for a year. at the same time deilticteng the'ex peeses for Onlv nine numths. Mr. Penniman has since offered a 'enaction to the Satiate, requir* the Board to furnish a state. merit of the expenses fur the remaning three Months. 11IIE INGIJIT ow SilllCll.—The New York American remarks---. Assuredly we shall never consent to bind ourselves by (real to permit any foreign crutzer to visit our ships. On the other hind, our Navy and the British Navy, and, every other Navy, will continue to do what they ever have done--bring to and visit, armed be, any yee scl they look upon as suspicious, under whatever Ha; she may seek to shelter herself—subject to be mulcted in damages for any abuse of this power." Mr. Joseph R. Uhandler delivered his lecture on the affections" on Wednesday-evening, the 22.1' in.l" liefure the Dauphin Guards, at Harris burg. The beauty oflityle and eloquence contain ed in that lecture, we have ourselves telt ; and al though some of our contemporaries affect to sneer at the repe'tition of it,. yet it will always he valve ble and refreshing, even to those who have already listened to it; for the les.ons are valuable as well as beautiful. - 11 E NV LTHE e..-4t would be a difficult matter for the citizens of Pottsville, aided by , observation alone, to imagine themselves within the limits of balmy tiprirrg. Our mountains are covered with snow t / the depth of twelve inches and the ther mometer on Thursday and .Friday, was but 10 degries above' zero. The sleighing over the mountains is superb, but the streets of our Borough, owing to the continual use, have been worn nearly tnire4 LATE, FllO3l YUCATac.—News from Cam peachy up-to the 6th' ultimo, has been received at New Orleans. A battle was fought upon the heights in the rear of the city, in which the Mexi cans were defeat, d with a loss of nearly four bun dred'men—amorig the slam was Gen. Andrade, commander of the Artillery, nod a son of Santa Anna. At the last accounts the camp of the Nlex icane was in 1 state of disorder, and the Yucan ese in' good opints. THE $ 200,000,000 l'aticre.--This plan seems to be progressing favourably in the minds of the people. We notice by a Washington let ter to the editor of the N. V. ,Express that the friends of the measure propose the holding of a National Convention, during the ensuing summer, fir the porposs of directing the attention of the country more exclusively,to the subject. Ftlussr DLTS.-A romance of olden Limp, by dames. This ia an interesting and thrilling nos el, laid in the time of the Plantaganets, in wh'icit the merry archers of Sherwood bear a con spictious part. If not superior, it is equal to any of lames' productions. W 0 have a low copies for sale at this office---Ttice one shilling. MODZIIR LEG IscerroS---10 pass resolutions ex pressing absolute horror at the mero idea of repu diating the State debts—and'then obstinately re fu-ing to take any steps to'prevect the very meas ure they so deeply deprecate. • The Trenton EMporium, the leading Loccifoec, paper in New Jersey, his gone over to Johu/Ty• leak. This looks' squally for the Locos in Dion Jersey. , Q.J` Another land slide occurred at Troy on 'Tuesday, the 21 s t. It took place a little south of that of the I'7th, and was not followed by great damage. The New York Marut:tiiiised exclusively tin der the control of General Morris on the first of March last. LIRE ' S DtCrtosAllT or Aars, 'MANUFAC TURES, •513 standsrifcvvork, the coat of which is eleven dollars, is now published in semi-monthly numbers, at twenty five cents each. It will be complete in twenty one numbers, illustrated by (241 engravings, and can be sub. seabed for by paying,l4 each number when re 4eived, or $5 •25 tor. the e. bolo work. The 16th number is already published, and we would a•lvise persons who wish the work to subscribe forthwith, as non subscribers will be charged seven dollars after it is completed. LIFE AND SPEECHES OF HENRY CLAY.-7 his excellent political work has now reached lii 18th ( - limber. It will be complete in twenty numbers, price 12i cents each. For sale at this office. ITIFE FARMER ' S ENCYCLOPEAII A ,AND DICTION. ART a► RVR•L AFF•Ilill --This work is publish. ed by Carey & Hart, and is a re.print of John. son's EncYclopedia, "enlarged, improved and adapt ed to the U. S. by a practical farmer. It will be completed in 16 numbers,each Containing a beau tiful engraving, and the entire cost will be less than one third.the price of the English edition:— For sale at this office, pace 2.5 cents each. THE ESCTCLOPEDIA OF GEOGRAPIII ed by Lea &.131anchard, Philadelphia. This work comprises a complete description of the earth. physi cal, statistical, civil and political--will be completed in twenty-four parts, containing INT pages, 1100 engravings, and over 80 niaps. Published every fortnight at 25 cents per number—fur sale at this office. ADAM DROWN, TUF. MEUCFULST.-.ThiS is the title of a new novel by Horace Smith. Eeq. It is a capital production, full of interest, and abound ing with wit end humour. The characters are well drawn and the whole work may be consider ed racy. .actl original, For sale at this offiee; price 12-.1 cents. ' I LAST or TUE Baaoss—.Bu.wer's new workfur sale at this office—price 25 cents. . Musicat. euanr.--The March bom ber of this periodical :is before us. It containii eleven fine pieces of ,music, by, the best mastery,. and is decidedly s sit prior number. Price twenty five cents—for male,itt this office. s Elt.tex.woon'a FDINDUIIOII MAGI3EIIIE. r . This excellent rc-ptint,lcontaluing all the matter of tbe , originsl Ma gazinelpr Yobtpary„ip . ,now t-ised,yrice 18j txnta,• H. =I NEW BOOKS MN Mil = Mlt-:softs -Of Jtenrs. : and Setectal Fawn thousand Bi4,Dudf,vvere sent ttirough the New York post office on St.Nalentinels day. PASS pis 14r4sts- PMgree,, Esq., of Siitem. Mass:, has given 'esetVpooi feud ly in the place a bushel of meal. Temperunce tea pities are all the rage, now in Boston—this sort of a gathering hag lately! been denaminated a u rea fight. The Planet Venus, according to Hague, is now in the ascendant.. This a act worth itturaing to lovers. Some one advertises gold, seps i s London 1484 as the only article for stopping the teeth. In stop•j ping the mouth gold has often been very useful. The empire of women is an empire of softness,' of address, and complacency—her commands' are caresses:her menaces are team. Kmocur.—The Senate 'of Kentucky, by a vote of 21 to 14, have decided that the low of that State, prohibiting the' imporatiob of slaves, shell not he annulled. . The small poi prevails in St. Louis, and is spreading in several directions, in the intenor of that State and Illinois. A new Court House has recently been ample ted, in Bir:ke cuunty, Pa., at a cost of $63,000. They talk of building a Temperance Temple io Washington city. it is estimated that more than five million pi dollars are circulated annually in Great Britaia, by the means of horse racing. The Governor and Council of Massechuset4 have directed the elections to fill vacancies in the Congressional Delegation, to be held on the firat Monday in April. Oat of eighteen or twenty in the , Lunatic Asi. hum in Concord, N. 4., twelve are victims of thin Miller mama. Corrote . Cnop.—The cotton'crop of the. piaet year is estimated, from apparently satisfactory data, from 3.000,000 to 3,350.000 bales ; a grain increase,but it is conjectured that the consumption has kept pace with' the production. Commodore Perry has been appointed to die command of the African Squadron., Rev. Dr. Daily, it popular Episcopal Clergyman in England, has been 'convicted of forgery, and sentenced to transporation for life. The Lispenard case has been decided by the Superior: Court of New York, And the will lof Alice Liopenard has been broken. The lion. Thomas. F. Marshall has announced his intention not to be a candidate for re-electinn to Congress. A woman somewhere in New Jersey, lately went out to boy a shroud for a decebsed Idea, and fell dead in the street, While in the prosecu tion of her errand. An Editor in Cattaragus County, New York, thinks dim the mails have failed so often in thoie parts, that they ought to go into Bankruptcy. t, The tide of emigration to Florida is setting In strongly. - Makes from Canada to the 17th instant, state that the Governor General is out of danger. Maj rt Payne, the commanding officer at Fott Hamilton, on Governor's Island, has been placed under arrest by General Wool for disobedience Of orders--writing letters disrespectful of hiti riors, and other unoflicer-lilte conduct. There is a man by the name of Henn, (a rathdr queer chicken,) mho edits a paper out Wee[. George'Vance, of the Albany Atlas, died on Wednesday from an attack of small-pox. . , • In TallahasEee there was a fall of snow on the first instant. Injury t 4 the orange and other fruit trees, is apprehended. ! , . I .-. The New York Coirespontlent of the NationSl Intelhgencer writes:—The royal yacht now tni9.l ing for the Queen and Prjnce Albert is to et,t £lOO,OOO, and "there are eight thousand weavers' families'i actually starving in the manufacturing districts:" A 11141-rEn OF TASTE.—“That its right, Tont mid a mother to her hopeful aim, "always do right, and people will always give you praise," "Praise," reiterated the bud of promise, ...wheOe praise !• (d rather have a cud of gum !" Mr. Clay has been nominated for the Presidency by a imp Whig Con'ventinn which assembleil!at Richmond (Va.) on the 22d ult. There are thine Calhoun papers publishe&ln . FOR THE MINERS ' JOURNAL • NO 1. . . To the Railroad Companies and Iron Idea. , ttrs of Pennsylvania. i "Let every citizen bearin mind, that itis not unlyliis interest, but his duty. to purchase every thing that he can at home. By pursuing such a course, he encour ages thd mechanical industry of his own neighbdr bond , en which the prosperity of every town and city mainly depends—and besides, every dollar paid out at home foVms a circulating medium, of which every citizen derives more or less benefit, in the course of trade. Kvery dollar paid for foreign manufactures par chased .abroad. is entirely lust to the region, goes to enrich those who do not contribute one cent to our doinestiC institutions.and oppresses Jar own citizens." —.diners' Jour?* Our community being a travelling one, and this travel chiefly taking place on the railroads in which 'many of our fortunes are laid out in an un prqfitabk manner, we think it a good service tat the public to promulgate any useful knowledge connected with the subject of Railroads, particu larly if by doing so we can remedy old ails, and at least in future, when our State and other rail ways will r. quire new rails—raise the divideads . of our stocks. Coupon sense must point out to every body that these depend on the traffic of the road,and on itsannual cost of maintenance in all its branches. As the traffic of a road is a matter of circumstan ces we intend not to investigate it here. The an nual cost of repair and maintenance, owing to the wear and tear of the road and Locomotive ap paratus, is however under the control of the En gineer; a prudent administration can lesson, en imprudent one increase it in a great measure..,, No No doubt the careful maintenance, of the iron track must form a considerable item ! in this an nual cost total; but we think little attention has been paid hitherto to this important that. The ratio if impact has been entirely disregarded, or at least has not been considered in the selection of Engineers. Nothing but powerful machines were deemed expedient and consequently ordered. But bow their power was obtained—how it acted on the rails, ho one - appeared to care for. The positise exposition of a distinct ratio was Wanted to guide those who had to select amongst Engines of equal power. In the last number of the Franklin Jonatal (January 18430 a publication that ought to be in the hands of every Engineer and of all those connected with. Railroads; we were pleased to find an article about the Hngineers of Messrs. Essstwick and Harrison. In this article the ratio of impact is taken into consideration. gran this ratio be disregarded:in' future I , Must it not, be come wsiandard to go by in the selection,oren glues, when, as it clearly demonstrates,- the light ness consent/Indy greater cbmineakof the and their greater iloattiora THE MINERS' - JOUiINAL Y.° ,minor cost of maintenance. slant?. iri a cerain ra tio with the *tither of driving axles? - The ohott.dilein miles tee have the ksi - w* be the totigAt;andtheiaethe east of maintenance "of rails. provided these aiies are arranged in such tamanner as to . wake at least two third _ s, if not the whole weight.ot the engine available fur adhesion and consequently for traction. From what we have seen in the principal Loco.' motive Factories of the United States, it appears that with the American Engines the number of driving axles can not be conveniently increased above Into, without Injuring the E n gine in other - qualities; al for example, in the vibrating foretruck so well adapted for turning short curves. We learn however with pleasure; that the distinguish ed Locomotive builders, Messrs. Baldwin and Whitney, have "augmented the number of their axles to three, that in substitution for the com mon truck their forewheas possess an artifici a l sideplay in the boxes, mid that thus the whole weight of the engine is made available for the pur poses of adhesion, and consequently for pUlling heavier loads. Such an Engine: according to the aforesaid ar ticle in the Franklin Journal, supposing it to weigh 12 tone in running order, would have but 4 tons on each axle, 2 tons on each wheel, pull a gross load of about 700 tons on a levet with a speed from 12 to 10 miles per hour, and yet, injure the rails much less than the Engine hitherto in use with one driving i txle. As one of the neWEngines of the above men- tioned makers is railing, cow on the Georgia Railroad, we shall son learn if this improvement meets wilt no pracital objections, and how far it will turn out credita4 to the genius and skill of American mechanics,' who have thus far outdone their English brethren .-t ' AN AMATEUR. FOIL TILE LOVIINAL The fCurreiley. It is a little extraodinary that a subject upon which's° much has hen said and written as cur rency and Banks, shold still be sa little under stood; and the reason probably is that almost all who have written or spoken on it, have fallen in to the same mode of tenting that vexed question. They either assume gat al: understood the de tails, or that it appear; beneath their dignity to enter into it. ,Our otfect should be to state facts, and to show how such and such schemes will op erate in practice, so dat every capacity will at once understand it. foi it is no matter how weak an understanding's ifit tan come to a conclusion from. the facts before it it is much more likely to come to a just onethrn when directed by design ing men. Past eiperence is generally the best rule by which we conform our future plans; let us then endeavour to examine, and profit by past experience, holding onto what we find good and sound and reject everything else. We have had experiment upon exu(iment till the country has been brought to the virge or;slestruction, - or at least its institutions. I When the old Banked' the United States was about to be closed up h consequence of the expi ration of its charter, tle directors of that institu tion made a very libeial offer to the State of Penn sylvania by way of baits for a charter horn the State authorities, but lsthe general government hadivat refused to redurter it on the ground of foreign influence, the bite of Pennsylvania was ' too patriotic of count:l9 continue such an insti tution within her border', and it was refused. It maybe considered a obn fortunate circumstance for the siockhOlders. ttht'such was the result, be cause the capitd of thlt Bank was as much too large and unwieldly aithat•period as the capital of the late Bank U. SI, was more recently. But the citizens of Pennsylitnia, and particularly the merchants and tradent of Philadelphia, thought that the capital thug wlthdrawn must be supplied by other means and fbh another quarter: con sequently applicatirn vtah made to the Legislature of Pennsylvania to thartir several Banking com panies to be located inthe city of Philadelphia., Meanwhile the stockholders of the old Bank re. siding in New York, c 'ennsylvania, and elsewhere, applied to the Legislatue of the State of New York and obtained a clatter for a Bank to be cal led ~ The Bank of Anerica," with a capital five millions of dollars, yutt one half of the capital of the old Bank ; thus sumach of the capital was di verted from Philadelphia and removed to New York. During the sess.an of the Legislature of • Pennsylvania in 1813,'19, the petition.from the city fcr chartering several Banks, two of which at least, had opened bodis and theatock had been subscribed for, and had partially commenced op eration, was passed. 43 conacqueopkof this peti tion from the city, alnlost every town throughout the State also petitioXed for a Bank, believing probably, that wherever a Bank was wealth must necessarily be, and than:auk-was that a bill was introduced, and. findly passed both Houses, in corporating about forty instinitione with banking privileges, and the bill was sent to the Governor, Simon Snyder, and ha returned the halt with his objections, some of wkich have proved in practice to have been sound. Bat the members were not to be thus foiled, fur ha i ry of them hail caught the contagion, and thcir it once passed the bill by a majority of two thitis:and thus it became a law. The effects of this law was probably more preju dicial to the Farming it4erests of, Pennsylvania • than any one on the l'SOilie book. Hundreds \ who found the facilitietio getting money so great, were induced to mortgig their farms to raise the means of purchasing ohm and when pay-day e i p came round after the res mutton 'of specie pay ments, for it will be rem bered that those were non.specie paying times, and every thing inflated accorpigly,it. took not oalyoe mortgaged prop erty", but every dollar the, posszscal to make good their engagements with ilia bank. Thus it will be seen how swiftly did :anarchy follow on the re moval of the Governor, far it wi be, seen that a Governor is as necessary for the , rulation of .Banks as it, is for Empires,States, or in •"deals.. Now during these tines, when our State and some of the Northern and" Eattem States were flooded with Bank notes, we had no circulating medium . , or currency, because it was so circumscribed and local, that it was almost entirely worthless beyond certain limits. Could that then be called a cur rency I certainly not—it was not convertible into specie every where, nor is it in the nature of -things that State Banks can furnish a circulating medium . _ even with the aid of the Government:. We will endeavour then to inquire into the reas ons Way a National Bank can furnish exactly such a currency as is required by the people of this vast and extensive country with the aid of the Government. A Bank it is well known could never make money for its atockholders if it was confined to its bare capital to trade upon, conse quently it must depend upon its circulation, and deposits for profir.to be &aided among .Viem. Therefore a bank of the Units States with pow er to, establish branches wherever the Directors may think proper, would have the right to divide the capital into such parts is toy seem advantage. out to , thenif,, and wherever they .can find a loca tion.posieseingithe,advantriges of circulation and deposit. i . .- , For example, establish a Bank in Philadelphia with the Banks already there, rnder a chrirter from thelhate, with a capital of ten millions of dollars, it could never make money for its stockholders; such a bank would nut in all probability ever have a deposit e x ceeding one million of dollars, which• would be: one lentil of Its capital, whilst thaßanks already :established with capitalsof about Out mil lion each, would likelihrod enjoy aldepcn4t ~~ of four hundred a:tempi dollars, or (Our tenths of its capital. So alsq.atith -its circulation; one . With ten millions could -n ever "c upon a circtUlstion over two naillicitas,',or two tenths of its capital; but one wittl'ainillion• alight very real= onably expect to have in circulation five hundred thousand dollars, or one - half of its capital. - Taking that view Of the subject then it will read ily be understood in part at least, why the United States Bank under a charter from the State so signally failed, and it may well be apprehended that Mr. Biddle saw whak.-,would be the result, and lest his high reputation should suffer, be a dopted thealternative to resign and thus escape the responsibility. But shoUld he escape I think not, because almost any man with mediocrity of talents and with the same, or even one half of the practical experience of Mr. Biddle, could not have failed to see the breakers a head upon which he must founder, but perhaps in the recommendation to accept the charter from the State, there was some what of pride. to be pampered in endeavouring to show that be could surmount even the opposition of the Government, and in that may it not be that he has retarded the incorporation of another Na tional Bank. The obloquy thus thrown upon the Banking institutions of the whole country, but especially on those of the city of Philadelphia, for I verily believe that. all of the banks in the city would have been sound at this dsy had it not been for the United - States Bank, together with over legislation by the State, for what was not ac complished by the one was by the other. For whilst the Bank was weighing the smsller ones down by its- dead and unmanageably body, the Legislature was bleeding them at every pore, in the shape of loans which kept them weak and im potent, and' at the same time crying out for the re sumption of specie payments, which of course alarmed the timid and struck terror into the weak, Fie that when the Banks attempted to resume, ev ery man that could get a five dollar Bank note must have specie for it, and those who were able to hold it, locked it up and there kept it till ne cessity compelled it again to he brought out, and all this induced by wicked and party legislation, and the baser passions of those who for political capital keep up a hue and cry against the Banks. It is unfortunate that the interests of the com munity arid our monied institutions are so little understood, for it is too common an error with al most all classes to suppose that their interests are distinct and seperate, and many , acting upon that principle think that Banks are a fair target at which they may fire without injury to themselves, whereas their interests are identical, precisely the same; let us be aware then how we level our shafts against them to our midst or even remote; for an injury thus inflicted will be sure to recoil upon our own heads. Then we will take a Bank chartered by Con- gress with a capital of Forty Millions of Dollars, and divide and sub-divide until we have twenty or thirty branches in the best locations throughout the United States, and we will have precisely what the smaller Banks in Philadelphia would be coin pared with, the one of Ten Millions. If we es tablish twenty Banks with Forty Millions, it would give two millions each, if equally divided for ex• ample, but that would hardly be the case, as a large proportion would be given to commercial Cities —we will suppose that the average amount of deposites for each office, together with the pa rent Bank. would be Five Hundred Thousand Dollars, making in the whole Ten Millions, just one fourth parts of its capital, and then give to them a circulation of Twenty Millions, by no means too large, and we have an aggregate capi tal of seventy millions of dollars for trading upon, whilst the actual capital upon which a dividend would. be declared would be Forty Millions. Sup pose then that the government employ that Bank as its fiscal agent, the amount of money it would have on deposit would greatly increase the trad ing capital of the Bank, and then the Bank with its brandies would every where be bound to re ceive indiscriminately the notes of each other for all dues to the Government. But they are not botind to cash the notes of each other, and are therefore convertible only locally, and haw then do they form a currency, such as will serve the commercial community I Why just in this way : the Bank being always anxious to gain and re tain customers to do business with it, would find it her interest to receive the notes of her branches in dersit, and that is all the business man wants, bat oven should it be necessary to sell them, it could be done, as all experience has shown, at an eighth or quarter per cent at most. Again, if it should so happen that the United States Bank should at any time refuse to take them in deposit, as it might do when there was a great 'flood of them in the market, then the local Banks would soon gather them in deposit for their customers, and again pay them out to their friends when they had duty bonds to pay, so that the Bank of the United States would get them in the end, nor would it make any material difference to them, their coming m so gradually, for whilst they were receiving the notes ofeach other they would at the same time be receiving in the form of bills of ex change or otherwise at their various offices, that which would equslizo and regulate balances a mong themselves without the trouble and expense of removing specie, for no Bank issues its notes without getting whit they consider an equivalent. Thus it will be seen that a Hank with a liber al charter can perform important services to the Government,besides being to the commercial com munity all that is desirable in the furnishing a currency every where convertible into specie. It will be recollected that the' late Bank of the United States performed all the duties of commis sioner of loans for the United States, and trans ferred the funds-from place to place at all tir l aes for the payment of the public creditors, and distri buted the same free of expense, commission, or charge of any kind, whilst; previously to the in corporation of that Bank one or more commission era of loans were appointed in each State, which, with the necessary clerks for conducting the brt-, siness of the loan ofrice,qust have amounted to a largo sum annually - In each State, and in the ag gregate probably to twenty thousand dollars, which in twenty years, the time that the Bank charter had to run, would be Four Hundred Thousand Dollars, in addition to which the Bank paid the Government of the United States as a bonus - the sum of One Million Five Hundred Thousand Dollars ! ! ! and all this has been done without the loss of a' : single dollar to the United States. Now the whole of the State Banks in the Union combined could not have accomplished an end so desirable. What infatuation then is it, that pre vents the reestablishing of just such an institu tion at °nee, and without delay 1 As to its constitutionality, that question must be settled if any principle of the constitution is, and beyond all cavil, unless indeed every man in the nation has a right to construe the constitution as he . understands it. It has been passed upon by many of the best men in the country independ ently of the judici tut what is the use of a Chief Justice if hi &Bien is to be unheeded in mattersof that sot; . The question of constitu tionality therefore, is a mere bug-bear, and raised only by those who are possessed of such supple and flexible consciences that may be so Nirped min suit whatever may seem expedient. When such men as Alexander Hamilton and James Mad ison; the former of whom recommended the es tablishment ofthe first Bank of the United Stases, and the latter, who asPresulont ditto - United States !lilpetl, tbpilsai ektitlcrip; the leepetien e,. find no cunsciencione scruple as to its constitutionality. and %Oen is remembered that the commentaries •• • . Written bic , these two erhinent citizens on the con stitution;ure censidexal the very best !euthority 'at the pres%nt day,'What more is wanted. what more can be required? Were that not conclusive,a host of where of equally sound in judgment. and legal attainments could be produced. But-it is enough. If these thiegs be so, then let us unfurl our banner and fling it to the breeze, inscribed as our motto, Henry Clay a and Bank of the United States, and march steadily but firmly on to victo ry or defeat. But no compromise. SCHUYLKILL COUNTY February 22, 1843. Great Democratic Whig State Convention. We presented our readers last week with the or ganization of the great Whig State . Convention, which according.. to the Harrisburg Capitolian. numbered about . 150 D, person representing 36 counties in the State. We now give below the proceedings reported to the Convention, by Joseph R. Chandler, Esq., Chairman of the Committee, appoiniel for said purpose, which were adopted by acclamation: WHEREAS, the pniod has arrived i&tbe Pre;si dentist term of service at which it irecurtutnary fir the people, in whom is the source of official power, to consider of the person who shall be their candidate for the succession, and to devise and suggest means for carrying into effect their detei! mination : And whereas this Convention haft been formed of delegates selected by, th'eprimary assembles of the Great Wh.g Party in the several districts of Pennsylvania, and inf. irmed of the wishes of their constituents regard to the Presiden tial Candidate : And whereas a crisis in the af fairs of the Nation renders necessary for the If In cesi of principles and the good of the nation, that there should be presented as the Whig candidate for the Presidency, a man of tried principles, of admitted competency and unsullied integrity, com bining, as far es possible, those qualificatiorni w hich will conciliate the various interests and views of different sections of the country, and different opin ions of eke ;es of citizens; or where entire coinci dence of opinions and views may not be hoped fur in minor affairs. dint to attract respect and sup port by a cordial agreement in questions of great national importance', and ensure confidence, from his past services, that every measure he may pro pose will bear upon it the impress .of his devotion to the public geed :—Therefore Resolved, That this Convention do nominatt HENRY CLAY of Kentucky, as the candidate of the Whig Party of Pennsylvania, for the Presi• dency of the United States at the Election in 1841. Resolved, That in our Candidate thus nominated we present to . the people a man whose life thus fur, has been spent in the public service, and in the proposition and advocacy of measures of lusting good, or in oppostlion to plans of evil or doubtful tendency ; that in the contlicta, of party for the last thirty years, while he has exhibited, to all public measures, a lely 'location that has corn. mantled the adintruNon of the world, and ranked him with the greatest statesmen ditto age, he has borne himself with a republican simplicity that showed him deserving the , enlarged esteem which he has enjoyed evinke is political op. poaents. leesekedrrildt though the principles of Ilk:Nur CLAY, and the measures which he, as a publi man, has proposed, are identified with the best in teiests of the nation at large, yet are they pre-em- , inently those which tend to promote the political importance, and advance the general prosperity of ON State of Pennsylvania. , Re:added, That as American Republicans, we cherish the principles which propose the applica tion of American capital to promote 1111.1 reward American Lib Jr ; and we recognize no shade of RePublicantsm, in men or measures that would degrade the honest Amadei!' Laborer to the rank of a foreign serf, by reiucing the reward of his in dustry to the standard of those countries in which the extravagance of the idle most be sustained by the unrequited toil of the operative. That man should earn his bread by tae sweat of hts brow, is a decree of Providence; but it is contrary to the 'sprees direction of Heaven that toil should be un remitted ur unrequited.. Resolved; That while we recognize the duly of every citizen to submit to the ascertained will of those with whom he continues associated, there was, nevertheless, a virtue, as well ac an elf cr, in thri prompt and cordial assent of Ma or CLAY, to the nomination by the National Convention in 1839 ; which, while it ailed in procuring the as banishing success ..that attended the Presidential canvass, fully entitles hint to the lasting gratitude of the Whigs of the nation, and calla upan them to exhibit hi,at union for the success of our prinii plea in hie election which he so eminently promo ted for the success of those principles in the idec ti, a of the lamented Harrison. Resolved, That the' approe il which has been expressed frail time to time by almost every clas. of citizens, of the measures, the talents and the public services of lissitr CIL4Y. When he has successfully devoted his powers to the achievement of some great national good, leads us'to hope that ' his formal nomination as a candidate fur the Presi dency will call to our support the voices and t 14 ., votes of thousands who had hitherto yielded party' allegience against us when no such claims upon their patriotism have been proposed. Resolved, That we cordially invite to our stand ard every voter who may feel it a duty to oppose the misrule which has led to the present disastrous state of our country, in order that, by a common attachment to the principles;: , and a common reso lution to sustain the man of those principles, we may all aid in the formation of a party from whose doininscy the country may receive the restoration of her almost forgotten prosperity. Resolved, Thai we heartily approve of the re commendation of the Whig delegation in Congress, to hold a National Whig Convention for the no mination of candidates for the Presidency and Vice ?residency of the United States, andlhat we concur in their appointments of time and place, viz : on the 3d of May, 1844, in the city !)f Balti- more; and we recommend to the Whigs in each Congressional distri:t of Pennsylvania to send a Delegate to that Convention. Resolved, That a State Committee .of thirteen be appointed with the custotnary powers and do tics nf such Committees. Resolved, That it be earnestly recommended to the Whigs in every distric, in this Staie to proceed at once to a complete and thorough, organization of the party, and insure a regular correspondence and understanding with every other Whig district association, and with the State Committee. The resolutions were unanimously adopted, and ratified by fifteen enthusiastic cheers. • On motion of M. Guyer,' the Chair Appointed the following committee to prepare an address to the people of Pennsylvania:- Morton M'Michael, of Phitadelphig. klf Guyer, of Dauphin, - Robert T. Conrad, of Philadelphia. Gen. Samuel Alexandi,of Cumberland. Thomas E. Cochran, Cif York. J. P. Denny, of Franklin.' Judge Jones, of Montgomery..., Jain Adams Fisher, of Dauphin. Abraham ICtufrinan, of Lancaster. Dr. George N. Eckert, of Schuylkill. On motion, the Grand Committee, selected to, designate officers for 114, 1 riermanent organization of the Convention, woe empowered to select o %Ate •VommitWe. In cornpliance A vi,ith this struction the.eammittee retired for the purpose of perfo'iming thie duty. During the absence of the Committee, the Con- VPIIiiOO WAS again 'addressed in an able manner by Mr. Wes:rues. and Jaxxs-B:Wat.LscE. Esq.. of Philadelphia, AnonExii . WYLIE, Esq., of Alle. gheny, Gen. SAMUEL ALsiasnr.a, of Cumber• land, and JAMES 1 1,CAMPRELL,EST. of Schuylkill. - The Committee instructed to select a State'Cru trill Committee, reported the following: DEMOCRATIC WHIR CB:STRIAE COMMITT.V. JONATIIAN ROBERTS. EN.,.lllpntgoi!nery cO dZOLIGE W. TOLAND, Esq , Philadelphia city. CusuLas GI pitons. Esq, do. a PETER RovovDT. Philadelphia county. iourrA. Futuna. Esq., Harrisburg, Hartit PEFFER, Esq., do. Hon. Wit.t.tats l'4..aux, Dauphin county. JOSE.PR PAITON, Columbia county. Gen...listealuvric, Centre county.. JOEIN ST nom. Esq Lancester county.- Hon.'THOS. H. Baum, Allegheny Oounite • Gen. P.Amt: EL ALEXANDER. Cumberland county.' ions S. Ricuaans, Esq.. Berke county. Mr. Cntancsa, of the city of Philadelphia, then made some eloquent and eppropiate remark's on' the unanimity of sentiment which had prevailed' in the Convention, end the harmony and exciting• , and exhilierating enthusiasm which bed charac terized all its deliberations. and pointed to the cheer- . ing hopes which the number and spirit of the Con vention would build up in every good and truce Whig. And after moving The thanks of the Convention c r to the officers thereof, and the County Commis- sioners for the use of the Court- House, Mr. Chan& ler moved that the Convention ad t journ sine die," which motion was amended by giving nine cheer's , to -Harry of the West," and was then adopted by acclamation. - 03Jous H. Gs/31E11, Feq , of Albemarle, Va... a brother of the Tyler Representative to Congress. having been charged in some quitters with sharing the political feelings of his brother, end with trim ming in politics for personal advanceinent, bat published a card in the Cherlottaville Advocate in which after declaring that ha is note Candidate 'foe any political promotion whatever, end that he de.' sires no other line of distinction than that of his profession, he thus cleatly defines his position ia regard to the day : As to my political position,' I have to say,. with equal frankness that lam thoroughly and ra dically a W///G. I preler for the next , Presiden. cy HavEnT CLAY trk any man living; and shell in my humble'way, do all in my power, to promile his election." The HarrnOurg news stales that a Mil fpri the incorporation of the SchiTylkill , Haven Coal Company, has been offered to the Senate, by'Mr. This is something new, inasmuch as we never before heard of such 4:project, nor did: we believe that there was any one in this „lounly Insane enough to ask for such an act, after thh sore experience we have alrea ty unib Tone. It must be a hoax ! ,t" Womxs.—Women are the Corinthian' pillars that adorn end support society ; the institutions. that protect women throw a shield oleo round chil dren ; and whore women and children ore rr..vi— ded for, MU] must he sect re to los rights.— //co ry Clay. Our Market. CORRECTED WEEKLY. POT r.iV I 1.1. E. 11,1.1 r. 4, 151:11 IVheat FlouTpr 13b1 4.1 87A Bacon, per lb. 6, Rve do cwt. 1,311 Pork, •'4 Wheat, b.shl 90 Maio.. " 101 Rye, " 621 Potnwes, 11141 .9.5 Corn, " 40 Pin -ter, to i l 4,50 o.tt, Egg.s, Buttcr 15.110 ••2s ,Hay: dnz 10 ylinothy id, bed 2,50 lb 1211 Clover •• 's.lo MECIIAMC'S AsSOCI A questlon was adopted lur next l'hurulay even ine •• Would the U. S. covernment be justified in .derloring war—rather than submit to the aght ut nij.itai ion, in connection zo , th the Si ,ye r Atfirroattve—li. M. Palmer. IVm. H. Russell, Thom, Foster, C. S. Foster, D. B. Christ. J. McCormick Negative—J. M. Ciosland. ISrrj Ila) wood J. James, Jot: BOW Cll. Jacob Volz - Martm 11'iLlams. J. 1111CIZOiLA Preet. JO4EPII BOWEN, Sect . y. March 4 COAL TRADE BY RA L ROAD. AI; ; Amount of Coal despatched from Pottsville and Schuy !kill Haven, for the month ending February 28, 1813 : From Pottsville, ' Schuylkill Uaven Per lost report, Total • To the. Electors of Schuylkill Go,, VIRIENDS AND FELLOW CITIZENS:—IIai; in; been solicited by a,nutnber of my friends, I am induced to offer myself as a candidate at the nom . General Election for the office or SHERIFF. Should 1 be so fortunate as to receive o majority. of your votes 1 pledge myself to perform the duties amid office with fidehty to the best of my ability. JEREMIAH REED. 10—te Pottsville, ma rc h "4.,1 SPRING GOODS. THE subscribers have on hand, and are receiv ing Aiy frequent arrivals, an assortment of- Goodssuitable for the approaching season, among. which are Cloths, Cassimeres. Vestines and other goods for Men's wear— Merino: Cassi metes, Manchester Stripes, Worsted plaids, and a variety of other articles for Boys' resar—Mouselinas de !sine, Al• paca Lustros, Printed Lawns. Scotch Gingham; &c. Also Black and colored Silks, Foulards and Brocades Silk fringed Thibet Shawls, EmbroL dered do., Blankets; Wits and other furnishing goods. T. SHARPLESS dj SONS. 32 South 2d Street, Philadelphia. March 4, 1843, 1133in0. NOTICE. punniance of a resolution of the Town Council of the Borough offlottsville, notice is hcrebigisen, that on Saturday, the 18th day of March, 1817. an or— dinance of said Borough will be published, reiOirinz the curbing. paving and grading of Centre Street. and;` Market street from Centre street to the upper culvert.;. Second street from Market to High streets, and Third' street from Market Id, CaHowhill streets. ' • Holders of property interested, would probably do well to provide the accessary materials et as early a' day as possible, in order that the requisitions or the ordinance may be complied with in the early part of the present spring.. The difficulty of axing a grade , for the above named streets, during the winter sea-. son, has caused the postponement of the publication' of the above named Ordinance, until the time above named. Pnttaville, March 4, YFRUIT TREES, SLIRILTBBER. die'.• THE subscriber, agent for one tor the Most ex,- tensivo Nurseries in the , Stale,-will execute. orders for all hinds of Fruit trees, such is apple. peach, Pears, Cherry, Plums, Quinces, &e, gather with every kind of ornamental trees, shrub bery,itulbous Roots, Plants, &c., ai the very low est rates, and at the shortest notice. A catalogue of the Trees can be examined at this office. BENJ. BANNAN. -N. B.—Orders also received for alV•kinds Itif Grass Seeds. . • i March 4, nousp TO' LET. • Two good !louses, one on Market Nea• street s and the other , on Norwegian BB a - BB S , street, to be tinted m 44 fro' the firet- April ensuing. Apply to CEO. 'I...CUM3IING. Tottorille March 4tli f 843. ,14.),-Atz 0 10-- 1,274 13 655 14 Tons. 1.930 in 3.140 00 5,370 07 F. N. HUGIIES, Town C l em 16:--
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