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lkish
A, GERRITIrN, Pu en}
BUSINESS CAIWS.
H. G..4.1.111A
DALER In Mon:,
,Feed,"iind Neal, tillriirr
Salt. Tintothy and Clover G , ries; Prints-.
lona, Fruit, Fish, Petroleum Oil, Wooden •• and Stone
Ware, Yankee Notions,Atc.Otc. ,grOppositialtilltond
Depot, New lifillord, Pa: Mob 24;'1865.—1y;"
A. 1.11 0310 P.%, f, ' 0. /11311.7 W. MUM
LAU - Ili:OP, TYLER: i ILEY; •
DBALERS in Dry Goods, Groceries, • rdware. peat ,
Hada Clothing, Boots &, Shoes, I Hats & Caps,
Wood & Wlllow , Ware; Iron, Nails, Sole & Upper Leath
er, Fish; Mott sad SAL all oi which they Offer at the
very -
1130-tacyvv'east 3P:riot:fem.-83 -•
L athrops Brick Building, ilionirono. Pa.
April t,16G4. 1.
EVAN- JENKINt, ; ,
zeiciemusect 49.32.crti, 'iaLeer,
• F r OH SUSQUEHANNA CCU:Wt.
Mast Mee address, Dtmdaff, or Soutti Gibson, Sutra
County, Penn's.)
Feb. 8.1833.—ty10
wz. lIITSTTING COOPEII
WM. H. COOPER CO.,
BANKERS,-Montroso, Pa. Sao:moist° Post. Cooper
& Co. Office, Lathropenew bn[lding, Turnpike et.
J.ll. le COLLUX. D W. 8.114111.2.
MCCOLLUM & SEARLE,
ATTORNETS and Conneelloya at Law,l—Montroae.ra.
Office in Lathrope new building, over the Bank.
DR. H. SMITH di SON,
gq,r11.01302 . : DENTISTS„—Montrose, la. ~;,4-„- , 74-,- -:-
00filee in Lathrope new building, over
the Bank. All Dental opemtiona will be
performed in good etyle and warranted.
301 IN . SAUTTEr.,
VASIIIONABLS TAILOR Montrose. Pa. Shop
[ over I. F.„BullanVe Grocery. on Main - street.
Thanktal for plat favors, ho **liens a continuum:a
—pledging himself to do all wet* satistantorily. Cut
tin on short notice, And warranted to U.
Montrose. Pa „ July ath,lS6o.-41.
P. LINES,
ASITTONABLE TAlLOR,—Montrose. Pa. Shop
F
In Pluenix Block, over storo of Read. Walton
& Poster. All work warranted, as to fit and finish.
Cutting done on short artier, In best style. )au '6O
• JOHN GROVES,
VASMONABLE TAlLOR,—Montrose, Ps., Shop
nest the Baptist Meeting House, on Tnrnpike
treet. All orders filled promptly. in firdt-rate style.
Cutting-clone on short notice, and warranted to fit.
L. B. LSBELL,
-DEW:Ms Clocks, Watches, and Jewelry at the
.1.111, shortest notice, and on reasonable terms. All
work warranted. Shop in Chandler and Jossup's
store. Norman, Pa. 0c9.5 it
WM. W. Ste,
rosirsaT AND CHAIR MANUFACTURERS.—Poo
of Main street. Nantme, Pa., - tug tf
,
AIAhTCFACTLIIERot 1100 TS 46 SHOES. htantroae,
Al Pa. Shop over Dewßep store. ,An lands of work
made to order. and repairing done neatly. je y '
ABEL 'F.ITBRELL, - . 1
T N EATim Draza, Medleinesictili, Dye ,
11 Stuffs,,Glass_Ware, Paints, lititseVarnisla,Win
aow Gists, Groceties,- Fancy-Good*,
eanostrayp d ia er ti e l AM erth T •
l n= r.DlCNES— n u a me h P
log if
DAVID C. ANEY,II.. D.,
AVTI 4 IG Ideated penxisnently at New Ittiltord; Pa,
attensi promptly to all calls with which he may
b• forme Attlee , at - Todd? Hotel.
New Stator& 3013.41 T. IE4
DIL E. P
ATE JEPART3MNT
L OF YALE COLLEGE,A a copartnership
fur the practice of gedlelne and - Surgery,und arepreparcd
to attend t l alt bailees/ faithfully and punctually. that
may be intrusted to their care. on terms commensurate
vrith A t i tia times.
Diseases and deformities of the BY E, surgical opera
clans. and all eargicsi diseases, Partictdarly attended to.
i12F 3 . 11 .ns over Webb's Store. Office hours from Rs.
m. to 9p. m AU aortal:if country produce taken in pay
ment, at the highest sable, and cant 'ST EZII7/ED.
icnitrose, Pa.,lday-Ith,.lB62.—tpf
TAKE NOT-ICE
nereila IPeo, zuetosii,
N-1 ditimp e,elts, Fox, Stink, 'Muskrat, and all hinds vt
Fars. A good assortment of Leather and Boots and
Napes nonstantly on hand. *Mee, Tannery, &Shop on
Hain Street. '
Montrose, Feb.tth. d. P. &I L. C. If.CELE.B '
FIRE INSURANCE.
THE INSURANCE OD. OF NORTH AMERICA,
AT PRIME Ll 2 Lai_P
Has Established an AOicir is Iff ontioie.
The Oldest Insurance Cori the Union.
CASH CAPITAL PAID IN .............
ASSISTS OVER., • ' $1,200,000.
►pU rates are aslow as those of tiny good campanyiri
I. New York, or elsewhere, and its Directors are snscror
the ant for honor and integrity. t _ - •
Cnatu.csus.,l2lec'T. ADTIMD. G. °Mini% Pres.
itontrose, Jayls, BILLINGS STRUM, Agl.
8 Cr011ip , ...,.. -.: ~
INSURANCE' -.:.C.0)11-EANt.
swelogrivOrir.
• - -
;ASH CAPITAL, ONE MIWON DOLLARS.
mart" isfp, Inemosio.rt.
. : toot:4.. 43,068,61,
J. Milton SmS Sec'y. Chap. J. Martin,?realdent.
Juba BleGer, ; A. F. yilyaartir. Vice :
Polities tutted renewed.: by the undereigse , it
olßce,tntheßrick Block. Kontrose.Ps.: -
stovl9 y 1011161.1MGS tors9vD, Area -
SAL-Tette . zit• -
No. 37 PARS-110W 4 New Torklarld State Street ,
IN Boston, are oar neatefor the Xorstrose Democrat la
thole eltieeotad are authorized to take advertiaementa
tad subscriptions for us at oar lowest rates
wissacivrir.i...samovmsgss --
To Englin &Ireland abil ScOtiond.
,•• • .
A BR WAIT TIAINS.I3O,,rI3DR . AFTSan emniof one
XI, nomad and apictrie: - payable in all the princlrd
towns of Sogland. Ireland and Scotland:tor male by
IL•COOPER, 4p Co., Bormars. -
Montrose, -
I B. HAZI
photo t a*.sc
CriteintitetskeitiTs
styleutibt . sew
AOl3. .El.4eltreSS4,
BY BENJAMIN PARK/4' Uf L.' D.)
Delivered before-. the Saspehanwl c ounty
Agricultural - Seciely t -al its' Sevenieenth
Annual. , ;Ali , hetit at Montrase Oct • .let
• .11303'..;
.
..; 41irti,:..f'ix1 - 1 cr iii ,' , ,•:11 lmberi . of the Society,
'LecSeitind ' dentlinien ==-Th e : Heaven-ap
pointed daty.:lMposed upoti man: by , his
Was - 'iO subdue the" earth: 'To
enable hitit to perform thls task, he was,
on The day of hid Creation, invested with
dominion over all the earth, and every
liVing, moving creature therein ; as well
aS*Over the fowls of the air, and the •fisbes
of the lea. The history Of. Our :race Will
Show ; that this' invistMent„, or . gift 'Of 'do
• Minion, baa been in all' it*'es, accepted' by
man; thoughltot,tit all ttmes*Mted in the
manner-and Teri:the purpOsei-evidently
designed- by the' Giver. • : -',:- ••- --
In the exercise Of thts.gift of - domind
ion, man,. commencing at home, has ad
changed hitnself„externally and outward-
ly at least, : in 'hia appearancei habits and
mode of living, int- that the unshaven, IM- -
combed and unclothed - Adrini;-who left;
the garden of Eden to obtain ;from the
soil in the open field of the. world, "in the
sweat of hislace,"- his daily tread, would
hard! now be recognized as in any way
relate to, or of the same spicies with the
padde and perfumed-dandy, or even the
fashionably clothed clerk, who from be
hind the counter bows, to his lady custom
ers, displays l•iis goods and in some cases
himself, for their admiration and accept
ance. . -
, ECIT'
In regard to the "living cleatnres—the
cattle, the creeping thin g 4 and beasts af
ter their kind," man has asserted his do
minion by waging a war of extermination
against every one that would not submit
to his rule and authority, and become his
stave. The horse, the camel, the cow, the
ass, the sheep, the hog and the dog, with
a few others among the beasts, have sub
mitted—become the servants of man, and
in return receive his care, and in mat ca
ses his kindness and protection. While
such others as the lion, the tiger, the bear,
the wolf, the fox, the elk, the buffalo, the
deer, and many others, refusing submis
sion and service, have -been proscribed,
and from a large portion of the earth driv
eit.eut, or destroyed. Of the feathered.
tribe, the few which could be tamed or
made useful,. are cared for 'and-protected
by ma; as domestic poultry; the rest, un
willing to exchange.th ti,viild7Wcani ana- ,
libertrot-Eirln'tr-esie, arediiiimed to be I
sacrificed, to the interest or sport of any 1
one who chooses te,hunt them. While'
the bee and the silk-worm—both: minis...)
tering to man's luxury—are nerhaps the
only iesects,which are excepted from the
doom of this Lord of Creation ;, whose
care and skill and power over the ani
mals thus submitting , to his sway, has
worked even greater changee, in color of
hair or plumage, in size and form, in hate
its and character, than has passed upon
himself. The difference between our do
mestic animals in their various breeds,and
the wild ones from which they have de-1
scended is so great,-as in many cases to
create doubt and controversy as to their;
origin and relationship. While the chan
ges wrought in their nature and habits
have been so great, that it is doubtful if
they could continue to exist, if turned a
way and left without the'care of man. -
:.Again, man has asserted his dominion
over the earth, by . proclaiming a war of
extermination against most of the vegeta-1
tion 'which in the state of nature covered
the earth's surface. In the common
phrase ' " the land must be cleared up."—
But a few years since—a period:within , ,
the recollection of ',some now living, and
the beautiful fields which now smile a-' 1
round, slay, this entire county, was almost
an unbroken wilderness;
covered by a
dense le-reit - of, trees ' and shrubs, briars,
vines'and plants ; the haunt of wild beasts,
and the, occasional hunting ground of the
Indian'. Where are those forests now ?
Cut down, burnt up, and . destroyed by'
man, t e exercise of as right of
that-he might subdue the earth ; and
in. the - stead of forest trees and wild shrubs
and Ones, plant mid raise snob talini Mid'
grasies and trees, m are useful to civilized
man 4, Where are the howling wolves,the
skulking panther, the, sullen bear, with
the various other animals, that once roam
ed Unmolested , over these hills and val
leys Destroyed or - driven off by man
because -they. would not submit to his will;
or could not be. made useful to, his pur-
When our forefathers, the first Europe
zui7,.iettlers, -Visited this continent, they
foun4 it wiliand Amenitivated; "with few
or.no marks Ofman's labor or the sweat of,
his. row raison- it. - - Acting-- under their
comMissioti from the creator . of the Uni
verse" to replenish the earth and subdue
heytook poihession of the land and
I Ty
proceeded tooutfra. juvited
most
earnestly' the - roaming natives of tbe ,
soil to work with :them:: They endeaVor- -
r PdisOido and convince , them that it
was *filen- good. Upon their
; and Persistent opposition;our lew - Eng-,
hand riodeided -as with 00 3 7
obstriictions, to displace - and - remove'
theni;.and to a het resort, inself , defence,
to SUbdile;deetrOYl and exterminate their
We - do - net bere 4 180 , 41 * the <o6B*
,tiers of rightvor - WregAS to . 414:4relople,
asd.disposal of tholndisis, in any section
D.
GARDNER
MONTROgE;
;of America.' We sirnply state the facts.;
The firstmettlers of New England as well
as, those .of Maryland and Yirginia,:were
men of wellinfermed: conscience, as. well
As of axedzad determined. purpose. They
left
.the, land of their. fathers, -as they be:
lived, like the 4 patriarch- Abraham, at , the
call of God. They came here to make for
themselves and their children abome. To
do this it was necessary to :work : . a change
in the use and . occuprition:of, the:Wade . =
from aud fishiug-,grounds,
to fields of grain, orchards -and - gardens,
and wharves, , sand . landings, and , fixed
homes. :There meld be no joint occupa
tion by those who would. work Andim.
prove and 11014 and thoiae who' would
not. The Indians, with feteexceptions,
not only refusedto)
oin in the business of
Agriculture, but resisted the necessary
I change in-the : occupation and use of the
1.50i1.. Theyp, resisted the subduing of the
earth; and their fate was nearly. akin. to
that ofthe wild beasts. They have been
gradusdly but; with certainty, displaced;
eotnetinies peaceably, sometimes forcibly
rerreaVedl and ih case of .foreibte resist
ariee;they hate been deitioyed Or hunted
back into Abe western wilderness; - and
the territory' they used' =for hunting -- and
fishing, has been occupied by those who
'acknowledge 4he authority of their Ma
ker._lt has been, subdued and changed
into fermi and towns and cities, .tbe site
of a million homes of un , industrious, nu
merous, virtuous and prosperoue tenantry.
As citizens of Pennsylvania—" the
woody land of Penn"—we can look back
upon the early history of our noble Com
monwealth, and feel proud of-her record,
of the minuet in which the Indian claim
to our territory was obtained. The trea
ty of purchase and peace made under the
giant arms of that towering Elm, on the
banks of the , Delaware, where now stands
Philadelphia—the city of " brotherly
love"—will immortalize the name of hon
est WILLIAm PENN, and hand down his
memory to the latest. , posterity, hallowed
by a trail of light and glory, and perfum
-1 ed with an everlingering fragrance of jus
tice and goodness, that shall be fresh and
I grateful, when all the laurels won in
wars shall be faded, withered, and for
gotten.
The office and mission ofSnbduing the,
earth, necessitates in-tbe first,place The' re=
moral or destructiou of all That obstructs,
impedes or is inimical theretO; 'whether it
be forests that occupy and cover the soil;
or beasts_ pt.replil.m..Qr_inteaf6Liair-fflum .
- sava - ge ..that stand in the wny, and
prevent the fulfillment of the mission. It
includes in the next place the substituting
of such plants, trees And vegetables as are ,
fitted for the food and comfort of man,-
and,such animals as having been reclaim
ed and domesticated can be made useful
for his purposes ; for food and for aid in
his business. It includes further, the es
tablishment either tacitly or by agree
ment among the workers of the soil of civ
ilized in the place of savage life, an under:
standing,that be who enclosis afield and
cultivates it, shall have the exclusive
right to enjoy it, to build upon it, and
make it his fixed and permanent home. It,
also includes such. tilling of the soil as
shall cause the earth to - yieldits proper if
not its largest increase; and thus provide
for the teeming millions of its ever in
creasing and multiplying inhabitants.
This is the business of agriculture; the
subduing the earth, the tilling the soil—
the highest and noblest occupation yet
kisown upon the earth ; for though one of
unceasing toil and labor, it is Heaven or
dained, Heaven protected, Heaven aided
and blessed. , The Farmer who in obedi
ence to the DivinelcommaM, enters into
the business ,of agriculture; andin reliance
upon Divine aid and blessing, industrious
ly and intelligently tills the soil, making
it produce its ahnudaot crops, thereby se
cures a charter to the highest order of no
bility.. He thereby. becomes associated
set a co-worker with the Creator and su
preme; Governor of - the universe, in the
manaßment.of the' soil, and feeding and
sustaining the world.
in this work of copartnership, the Al
mighty in tbp first place created the
seed, the plants, the animals. It is man's
part.and duty to prepare the soil, increase
'orrenew its richness, to put in the seed
in its proper season, and to live it• due
cultivation , God on his part causes the
dew to distil, the rain to descend, and the
sun to .shine, "He ,wateretb the hills.
from his chambers, He causeth the grass
to grow for the cattle., and herbs for the
service of: man, that he may .hring fortis
food from the earth,: wine .that maketh
..,olad and bread whieh strengtheneth
heart," Goa. breathes unto the seed
the.. breath.of...plantelife and immediately :
it becomes alive. Its juices start, it swells,.
expands, and grows.. The wheat gathers
into its ; kernel the 'flne , flour.. The
corn s Alie potato, the pea, the.. bean, each'
its, appropriate savor-and substance, The
'dew that drep,s, and gathers upon the or
chards, aft.r.eing tbrough.s.
magical elemble, appears again in,the
riedjilices,of its fruit. tbe: rain . and.
sun, under.thain' ',acme 4;:lf .never .varying_
laws, paint : Abe ogler ofiborainbow upon
,the myriad 'flowers of the field and gar
den,-
. .
• iod ' - ; -
•
ra
'lttelietr.";..22,,
. • %$o mats the Oats* thelsOuptl4llo:r?.
Moto= 4;14411 ;
• ." - C.r - A - • •
Andit • wmlin 's ' par tad' Tay ,Keep
~.:f ~ t ~,': ..,
61 arittliefitith6 th.catisi, tblftisile
'HO be weeds thit,' giaT . hr' apotitiagiiiiisls ,
*aid the soil an 4 are, imaii* ic.`.'the
groithl or the crops; ` 'which rtli3ire'ici be
0 3 101 d,tiaie'ed and, piliteted; .. .,4hile
gcl itir , rind ivhea ripe to . btipithare(t 7 +
II riot riarAnadatit liervest girti§i'
t he
_ _
tiustl
by t
of th
6th
of.hi.
busi
the sl. , fronibis-.lirow,-'he - is`Gects a
gentT trusted:with It part of His_ work
1
---tifetst cluing eitdl'ehanging the face of
the'ehr , add - providing feod fat. the in.
habits ' thereof that in this'neces
tiary-tei and labor, he' ha's not only the
comma 77 . but also the taci'mple of his Crua=
tor; wit. .worked'ditriag thefirst sift days
of creatap -and restedim• the 'seventh day'
from aril work which be had made: '
Thou - the World is Very old, had' Man
has exi. d for! near . B,ooo,yeatv,' yet the
earth isliffrom being subdued ; brought
under t perfeet cultivation, and yield
ingl tha bum:fence of bread tharstrength
eneth, ' e that gladdetietlf and'oil that
beatnik
~ with, all the other neeessaries,
comforAnd !tinnier, that it is capable
of prodr.ing if cultivated by an industri
ous, edliiitssi, intelligent and right mind
ed tensity— , .men who will realize the im
portanceo4 dignity of their mission, and
feel the ienor of being co-workers with
the Altnghty, and carrying
. out the plan
of HiAlation, as clearly . indicated by
Himsel.itFor while the am we breathe
with t 41onds and vapor which float
therein the dew that comes down upon
the gr and the rain that waters the
earth ;hi rivers - that run among the hills,
and th ekan that girdles the globe; the
1
seed ti Lind harvest, the cold and heat,
the sum'
were al
beyond,
the eart
care to
upon an
on Go• ' '
yield h;
harves .
warm t
it with
small r
,Tabor in any art, trade or ocett-1
in
, termites in the estiinatioti r of the
I-
.or it.
1 ,1.
. ' . —ttre-charaeter-- of,
those by Item iris carried-on; and hence
the neees that farmers should be well
infohned enlightened men; for agri
culture-wiA ver obtain its true rank-an , '
til it shall' as at least on an equality
with the lea ed professions, both in re
gard to rape , bility and profit. There is,
a great lackwisdom and want of fore
sight, as web s intich mistake in regard
to the toil an bor, the wear and tear of
constitution life, as well as the rela
tive profit of rming, as compared with
other occupati and professions. Farm
ing is thoughtDe the most toilsome and
least profitable ' all; and hence, it has
been, and still Dy many, considered as
least respectablt nd not to be sought af.
ter or follostd om choice. Now all
know, that mech 'es as a class toil more
hours per day th farmers, and their la
bor in most case , eing within doors, in
heated. or ill vent ted rooms, they enjoy
less health, an e as a class, fire• shorter
lived. If we inqt •of them after twenty
years labor, we sll find that they feel
that they have do well if they have be
come the owner 1 a comfortable house
and garden ; whi he farmer of equally 1
industrious• and• e comical habits, will
have' for his twent ears labor his farm;
his barn , and- out , ices, 'as well as his
house and garden. e mercantile busi
ness which, if enti t• successful, is un
doubtedly the-'so eof the .largest
wqtb, is by far th
. east certain Of any.
The statistics of , cantile men in our
large cities and tow forifty years,show
that not more than o out of ten close
business cwith a 'c t .etence ;., while at
least six lout cif ten tii.entirely and be ;
come barikrup..Tllrofessions are ev
erywhere over-crot, d,. their . practico
perplexing and wen . to life, and their
legitimate profits on whole, are scarce ?
ly sufficient to meet., at; are considered
the necessary expens , of living. up the
'rank and station whi custom has fixed.
- l'or them.
It, is rare to find a
1 the age of sixty or rm..
his profession alone, 111
any ; considerable forth
Would consider a neat,
well stocked farm, an
[their, toil. and perplexi
the history of the expe
• left farming for other
cases -oUt of ten, is a d t,
forsook- .the . pursuit
Heaven.ordained and ;
!-cupatiokdesined for t '
ens the-mind, own i
i
and ,energy of the con 1
attended to as a sole
source of rational ant -
Itiesa. • it is the great,
animillife derives its p
the Materials.on-iihic
Cr species•"of labor is , p
furnishes .tootaurtho '. ,
; vorattle , tit bislapifinesi
(to t -
Man
pation,
AY, NOV' 5 . 1843
io
nig 'unit
eo-. irif o •
r L t ofli 'life
- l
,prO q '' i '
d k ea
bor;oflM7M, imderthe bletainj
and Old eimobling:ttithohAk ' t
rme-litiOitieeiritoithe dignity
ling o that v p ile 'erigtged - irithe
of
cottivatinc , the amtand riping
and winter and day and night,
'dished and fixed by the Creator
if change or control, the face of
lithe sail, is delivered into our
cetrciae dominion over; to work
4tange, confidently relying up
timomise that "the earth shall
inbrease," that "seed time and .
:not cease; that Be will'
4artb with his 'similes and water
dews, and that " we'so*- we
II •
Iff abundance:
fessional man, at
rears. who, from
.
een able' to save
Most of them
II improved and
aple reward for
ft; is' said that;
ice of those:who
mations, in nine
regret, that they
i agrieulture, the
ven blissed
which strength.
to the health
f•-•;
i J f:, .1 e. j l'-'; : i, ,-, - 4 , ',. Fl.
~ (.J f
It ie nilt to be :` iiiSedeil,'lieltheils
PrtfaVtd-desjrohFini.'a gekiefirthitii t ihat
oitiers ihOuld 44'4 1 1 - nett or veafisivin4l
inionb,6--,teioted , 'lto:"iliti'imirstiit..'
they: , Sliouhrlinete , andl,enderStand''ihe
general initieiples of alr.sliclibriiiehis
khOWledgltt.:llS eipeliallYrelata felheitj o'c•
apaticial; PaYmir shesiitd V0315'6146'.
fed figio tor n ,
ties.thatddethAve
great" and' votialfy; the' Wan
Who, havi4a-tirtifeSiiiiii'm vii* ; hati'd&
Mined `-t; , hati
by yearit'of*cadentio land`'Sfolleges tidy ;
half of which' has. 'lkea ispent
the dead langnages.• :
In pasi years, bits haS r been,' a" difficult
for - ',frn'tera . tO - , - nociointlfish' 'With
their ions.'! If theY'wern sent , I to-nolleki
and passed'through'the - routi4 Of prescri
bed stedy, they came out, it. not'Anfitied
for labor bi impaired healib ainterifebbleg
body, 'ehrough 'lack of exercise; bringing
beck views and 'habits.' altogether., averse
to the pltliation of '044101, _Their:inind;
their eYe . s,'llnd thou ghts hattbeen'diVeCted
altogether away fr ont the, . ti l arattita
ticulture: • Unused "to reLruhti- '.ekercise;._
their limbs , were unstrung and 'We'ake,ned;
neither' briiky o); : mitid' Was - fitted' for man
ual, labor drt the ,firm and: th7' must
therefore study a Profession ; 'for although
science and art are necessary, for the far
mer, labor is the arm' that uses them and
secures thd result. In this way,' have
large portion of edUcated young men been
drawn froni agriculture to the professions.
The character of the ii one has been 'lowered,
and the ranks of the other overstocked.
This diffiulty, long perceived and lament
ed, is now being fast removed in many of
the northern states of our Union. In our
own, by the establishment of ‘ 4 l"he Farm
ers' High School of
. Pennsylvenia"—an in
stitution organized, and to some extent
endowed by our legislature, lately receiv
ing a rich donation from the general Gov
ernment of thezUnited States.
_lt is_situ
aet d in Centre cOunty, having e farm of
400 acres of rich limestone land, and large
and suitable buildings, and accommoda
tions, for some two to' five hundred, eta
dents. Here the sons of our citizens 'may
be thoroughly and properly educated ;
learning net only What is' , new regarded
as the m,ysteries oftlie Scleuee,, bat' able
the prtitidat ditieS and , operations prig
ricutture4ho* to make their farms PP:"
ductive and profitable, their .homes'corn
fortable_aud bnantit'al,' and itoir '
h'appy. • The students are recyfired to labor
in the 'shops and in the field, 'at- al the
kinds of labor necessary ' ' or about a
farm, for three hours each day; ;not more
than is necessary for, their bodify health.
This leavetrabundent_time study,'Which
is directed to stick brandies of 1-nowledge
as are necessary to their becothing
gent larrier.s. They learn to feed and
train and tise horses and cattle and other
domestic animals ; to understand their
nature and cure their disethes.; They wil
also be taught the nature and" ifie of all
the various agricultural iiiplements, :and
the iniprovements thereon : se as to be
able to judge of their characteYand adap-,
cation to different modes, of farming and'
sections of country—the analysis'of soils,
the nature and value 'of mantires and ferz
tilizers, and their adaptation to ey4404:
a word, the students at this seliool
if industrious and capable, be thoroughly'
educated as farmers and eitizens - ---be tait't
what they ought to know; and learn to
practice and perform 'whst, they are in af
ter life to do. .
It is but a too common error to suppose;
that scientific knowldge is''nOt necessary
for the farmer. 'The there is
scarcely any branCh soieneft that is not
important , for them knout, and ' whfc c h
they t fi
will not uieful in' the "diduptition
and business' of` thorbughly subduing the
earth - and causing it' to produce its fruits
to the extent of its Ored hatt,
given to all men, in, a nteater'or • less dog I
ree, minds Capable of improvement—the
power to think as ii well as the strength to
toil ; atnlthe mind and:body mist act in
unison, that the full and entire man, can . ;
perform" his dutY; . and the' porposes
of his creation and tieing.
All "understand the necessity" of what,
are called the common'brafiches ; E:if 'learn
ing; as. Heading,, Writing, and-Arithme
tie, with perhaps Grammar 'hod derive: .
.phy ; for
. all persons' in every ;rani and
'condition in life., These 'are oot education.,
They areindeed necessary ;etem•
ents,the.StepPing ptettes,'the',"inOms and
tools of education. suchithey,should
be well unlersteed used', by
the inter, as it eatiii obtain the knowl
edge n ecess a ry ic,his` high' rank - and noby)
calling. l i!ie should by . reading 'Obtain
some knoWledge ,of ithe An'atolnY a"
Physiology 'of, himself hid the. animala
uses,; 'that he may'be;able'to keep both in
health, add secure's proper titiount of Id
bor. _lle shoUld knew enclagll
- twilireot in, regfird' hl,s builulngq ,
and judge of suchiimplementkcif, husban
dry as be may need:pr„ba `dispoSed
His mindland hithits ,wcid4 be trained in_
the right' i direetioi Of the
elealents rgvesd,l`ei
ion, and, when
kebonndless
Int/and.
in from which ,
irt ;.it suPplies:
st. every-oth.,
kydl; while it:
acnrinastlai:
nmisi;etesni..
~------ ?,- , 1.1 ' d u p. intitmcivi6g * biti:plin4; flialidinitdo - int° 1 "f. 1/ ,
ne a univer°'' or 1/6 9 1 PP, k/4 %.4 1 t in 2.. t' `inittioii,!'. ai1:10446g .tilifi' #hY,' and 41,0
whe'r °a 9 r Y tivi i lii In iii°tlbill4P ,,t (l ",, ,t ' ut ' !l i Peg **store, ortilyitpilloep' did >ivi.q' 1 1, 31„,
i s idle— reach p angtand,,slarPl' c il i zt, - - , I 8 00 1 , ,1= ~'''-, `,--` , ':. ';. • , ~, , ,,.0 ,
tuelYogairit I ;4 i .t i * ine ll' a ' ‘, ""' l ' Pte.( 'Lit •
Tiildtikettiiiiiim4 'l ,7 itiittOWA ,
I
oihek,(,l6l4!ifiseltV4ilfr,lloP'l 0 02 4utbimAIVoti424048,, 03# tofijir., 1 ,
c l ri tka S tei ; v ,if tt l ii tr ile -" b *l e , i , e .t th °ir ar v th b uY e i 4 ,,,,,...,, the gtrriei tdoiciiiotAO'clioc;3sox ) ,tkiisrda
1 I .
, , ,
r7' E
.• .
APO_
-•• " -
~ • •
r1 , ; :4:,•4 v_.;
•
vinte.c and: Idinettlegy ;Which ridefinegthe ,
sttbstoncie of *Milk its crust is tetn
the firmer - shonld -know Isotnethingi ;'•-••
side the - pleasure toile derlied,therefronn
it often- leads to-thticliscuyery of valuable
de' peSite beneath the soil.mlleysh'ouldh
least;havea siifficienti knoWiedgeef
iitry•to coinprehend the, amistagdeveler.
meats 'of those 'who-make-that selenci
their study; far ntleast.:ts''t6
titand -t,he'analysis of - the
and the 09er manured-itifertilizerstb •
-sepplied to :e.aalv••'lTO know *4 the
vegetable wet* tbv :pinta he cnltiVattill
are_horn"of the atmosphere—the flint. he
breathei; that.greatocean of manure-41'
plant fecod;whiehengirdles our earth; More
thtui 50. Miles' in zdepth,. andin
the gasses tbatiorm and coinpose 9 , lothe
Of 'the food we eat; the clothes we, wish .
the houses wef live in, _and tliw,l fuel thee
warms oni firesides: • That so sniall s:PorJ
ticin of these-are Earned from th e prat tickii
of earth, that wncan carry=- back ',to; Wm
fields in w wheelbarrow; in ' the - % Shape 'of
ashes,, all-that was really earth Of 100wse
on• loads fi)flhav or grain, taken-therefren4.
Sri that a:knoivled,s,re bfthe soil and whit ,
it needs, with a small amotint , ofcare tindt
labor;_prirents:its7.exbaustion by: crops.
Nor , should he beignorent of BotimY ; thit:
whichnot runty, 01: -4,1
interesting science which.noi .- ly , Oki*:
ifies•butlunfolds the wonders.and- ,revealic
the beauties 'of, the -vegetable. kingdom..?
teaches us their nature, and the laivs that;
control and govern them ;, spreading, , thw
fields with green, painting, the daisy andi
the violet and perfuming the clover- 'and
the rose. It will teach him the wonderful:
analogy between plants and animils;3hatt
their blood circulates through• th'eirveins)
and pores;.. that they are , nourishedrhY" ,
food, and breathe , and sleep; :>are' nialtio
and female, produced and multiplied) byo
generation; and'that by enlightened cul:A
tivation, their, value and beauty' 'aid .41. , :f
most their entirematures maY benhangedv ,
He may. learn that all the varieties , :e ,
wheat have been developed fron3 a specie* .
of wild grass;..our different kinds ofap..4
pies item. the sour Wild crab; our InsciOuto
peaches froin a fruit that-couldnot be saw;
en; and that every man's daily, vegetablervt
the potato; from: aqiseless: wildroot 'dis- ,
covered not .400 years ago, in South - Am. ;
erica.' .; That fit:flowers especially,' .bre4a
{nosy: crossed, •varieties ~ multiplied; r 'met'' ,
colors mixed. and clumgedby the - art? nadir
skill, the power and dominion of man.. ,- ~ .:i
::Agriculture: is the !basis , of indivillittil ' ,
and,.national _wealth, independence - atilt! ,
happinesit:: 'ln .civilized :life it ,- furnisivetio
1 the food ive eat the clothes 'we - we'ar, inicl 6
a large part of all the' 'articles of necesspirc ,
furniture. It is:the lash; of trade,: :com•-•)
Inerce i . and,mannfactures.• A few - figures.:;.
lately obtained from the Deptirtment-ofr. ,
agriculture at Washington, will tells stow r.
ry•that ought to make; us proud: of our -,
northern. states. In. 1860,. when we were , t
yet at peaceour totalagriculturitlexport4 7
(exclusive of cotton) were about $91000.'4
non, of - which southern ports furnished ifri If
bout 20,000,000. In 11361'. the ' noitherne:
states alone,. with a half million of min itti ,,
the army, exported over N7,000,000:43- -:
'lBO2, with amillion of men in ,the . . ai ; 1 ,
half at least frem the country, ar , nno i' ,
ern exports reached over , 8155,000,00 r i :
-of. wheat we sent out . in 1802; • 7,000 L
bushels,.more than in 186 t. ;,. Thus da ts-1
th'e war, , besides feeding our army, th et=' >
of the loyal 'states , have ~uierilased"l
over $80,000,000.: , ' -' . ..,1 , v. , ' '
Su vitally important is agriculture that
the boldest and 'most fertile • imaginatio ,
can hardly conedre the "horrors itteideat.`:: ,
to-the .fiiilurcof.the crops•of a single Yegi:j' ,
All business must - stop; and grim • fitanneo
and guant; despair would stalk • thro";-;this'i
laud. , .A.-.4arge 'portion. Of earth's popular
tionoinless-tbd, by miracle, 'would perish'''.
by hunger and pestilence. ' . k.: , 0 , , i It:,1
Apiculture is also the purest as Well. is t i
the greatest source of. individual *wealthVl
and-national prosperity.Andeed the' ‘pa.. 1 L
rity and the happiness-alike with the proa.s.)
'penty of anylatataiii nation, as '. well', alt
the.wisdoin of: its igovernment,; may-bac ,-
judged of by ts knciwledge. of the state' of
its agriculture.'4' The scenes and. employ
ments cif the farmer's life, taken 'with all
their accompaniments, .are altogether par= ''
'er,. freer fromlinnptation, and less corrtiv }
ling, than those' of any: other. businessror - •
profession ;. save' that; alone of a Minister'rll‘
otb s p.Gos f ieli,' The farmer , is• necessarily I
WithdflrWn from the turmoil,)the , anxiety ' , .i
Landfeverish'excitementlincidenvtOlargs—
• townsand cities ;-eSpeoially aniongo , those
1 1 who are largely engaged in other' avatar.' -
tione,iamong the jingling of Moneyebittt-.
era', and •the Wranglings ofthostit pressing , . 1 "
;forward in!the glittermg4 .Init al ways!clti- •' 1 "
certain parsnip of.trade and speculatioll4 • i'
'or even those !who nee engaged in the.uh. i.i
teasing toil of:the manufactory or. , woir&.:4l
tiliops of the Tit - Hotta 'mechanic - arts tic . n
tirades.'. They have not, 'the , rainy:daya • i•t
and long winter'evenings with such Other- .
leisure hours and minutes as : the farina? P ,
'May choose to takei while 'his, crops „and
'Stock iiiirkawifiVritll.:.increaaiag, 'f0i.„... T1
ieadine,!stralii'i . anirre4atioa i,Oll wMOti.i:ii:i
if lie' ba a larttter',.*CithY 'his eAllitjg'o4'...l;
holy inissio33,-liiWill.' diligently 'Mph* iti„ r l
'l4oitiv? - " • --- 2-
L I V '}lat
k r,
~~~ f ~~
,' , 1 ;