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' • _l . : ~.'; '` i ... . ~ ‘; 7 i ~•-' ,!?.. ,:- , Vi ,- ; 'l ., i.. - • ' --; '- '-•-i-'•'' *- ' ,i .. . .- , ..:, .c , .:,..; ir ~ ~...;.: ..- ...,„ ~.!:,,,-; .--....' ..., ... k: . : -., :... 4 ' 4 • . . • - ' . --. • . ! ~-,... •,;.; •• .-. I , , i',..> , .:; :r : 1 , -,!::;.' , .!. •t: . : '',•;?..3 1; , i .11 i.C.. , Y: i I ',l_'; i C'. ,,, 1.:::".7 ::i'; s ' . . / ..; r ; . .,, , CN ,"...' : ,1 : ',;' ,,, :t.:1'.;.:,','9 . K4 - ; " :: . ,:,-1 -, ..- ,,, ,, , ;:iff , .c . ,„.., , . - „C, , ,'fi'. ,, ,1 ;. ~ 117,i -r , ~; ! , ' 4 ',,,. :1 . ....' .: ..' : .- ,:, : ..: - '. ~ :. ;,„ ~, ',., ~-.; '. .„.. ~,,:',' :•.: .‘,,/,:., : „,',., ~ ..r.. : ' _ _ lkish A, GERRITIrN, Pu en} BUSINESS CAIWS. H. G..4.1.111A DALER In Mon:, ,Feed,"iind Neal, tillriirr Salt. Tintothy and Clover G , ries; Prints-. lona, Fruit, Fish, Petroleum Oil, Wooden •• and Stone Ware, Yankee Notions,Atc.Otc. ,grOppositialtilltond Depot, New lifillord, Pa: Mob 24;'1865.—1y;" A. 1.11 0310 P.%, f, ' 0. /11311.7 W. MUM LAU - Ili:OP, TYLER: i ILEY; • DBALERS in Dry Goods, Groceries, • rdware. peat , Hada Clothing, Boots &, Shoes, I Hats & Caps, Wood & Wlllow , Ware; Iron, Nails, Sole & Upper Leath er, Fish; Mott sad SAL all oi which they Offer at the very - 1130-tacyvv'east 3P:riot:fem.-83 -• L athrops Brick Building, ilionirono. Pa. April t,16G4. 1. EVAN- JENKINt, ; , zeiciemusect 49.32.crti, 'iaLeer, • F r OH SUSQUEHANNA CCU:Wt. Mast Mee address, Dtmdaff, or Soutti Gibson, Sutra County, Penn's.) Feb. 8.1833.—ty10 wz. lIITSTTING COOPEII WM. H. COOPER CO., BANKERS,-Montroso, Pa. Sao:moist° Post. Cooper & Co. Office, Lathropenew bn[lding, Turnpike et. J.ll. le COLLUX. D W. 8.114111.2. MCCOLLUM & SEARLE, ATTORNETS and Conneelloya at Law,l—Montroae.ra. Office in Lathrope new building, over the Bank. DR. H. SMITH di SON, gq,r11.01302 . : DENTISTS„—Montrose, la. ~;,4-„- , 74-,- -:- 00filee in Lathrope new building, over the Bank. All Dental opemtiona will be performed in good etyle and warranted. 301 IN . SAUTTEr., VASIIIONABLS TAILOR Montrose. Pa. Shop [ over I. F.„BullanVe Grocery. on Main - street. Thanktal for plat favors, ho **liens a continuum:a —pledging himself to do all wet* satistantorily. Cut tin on short notice, And warranted to U. Montrose. Pa „ July ath,lS6o.-41. P. LINES, ASITTONABLE TAlLOR,—Montrose. Pa. Shop F In Pluenix Block, over storo of Read. Walton & Poster. All work warranted, as to fit and finish. Cutting done on short artier, In best style. )au '6O • JOHN GROVES, VASMONABLE TAlLOR,—Montrose, Ps., Shop nest the Baptist Meeting House, on Tnrnpike treet. All orders filled promptly. in firdt-rate style. Cutting-clone on short notice, and warranted to fit. L. B. LSBELL, -DEW:Ms Clocks, Watches, and Jewelry at the .1.111, shortest notice, and on reasonable terms. All work warranted. Shop in Chandler and Jossup's store. Norman, Pa. 0c9.5 it WM. W. Ste, rosirsaT AND CHAIR MANUFACTURERS.—Poo of Main street. Nantme, Pa., - tug tf , AIAhTCFACTLIIERot 1100 TS 46 SHOES. htantroae, Al Pa. Shop over Dewßep store. ,An lands of work made to order. and repairing done neatly. je y ' ABEL 'F.ITBRELL, - . 1 T N EATim Draza, Medleinesictili, Dye , 11 Stuffs,,Glass_Ware, Paints, lititseVarnisla,Win aow Gists, Groceties,- Fancy-Good*, eanostrayp d ia er ti e l AM erth T • l n= r.DlCNES— n u a me h P log if DAVID C. ANEY,II.. D., AVTI 4 IG Ideated penxisnently at New Ittiltord; Pa, attensi promptly to all calls with which he may b• forme Attlee , at - Todd? Hotel. New Stator& 3013.41 T. IE4 DIL E. P ATE JEPART3MNT L OF YALE COLLEGE,A a copartnership fur the practice of gedlelne and - Surgery,und arepreparcd to attend t l alt bailees/ faithfully and punctually. that may be intrusted to their care. on terms commensurate vrith A t i tia times. Diseases and deformities of the BY E, surgical opera clans. and all eargicsi diseases, Partictdarly attended to. i12F 3 . 11 .ns over Webb's Store. Office hours from Rs. m. to 9p. m AU aortal:if country produce taken in pay ment, at the highest sable, and cant 'ST EZII7/ED. icnitrose, Pa.,lday-Ith,.lB62.—tpf TAKE NOT-ICE nereila IPeo, zuetosii, N-1 ditimp e,elts, Fox, Stink, 'Muskrat, and all hinds vt Fars. A good assortment of Leather and Boots and Napes nonstantly on hand. *Mee, Tannery, &Shop on Hain Street. ' Montrose, Feb.tth. d. P. &I L. C. If.CELE.B ' FIRE INSURANCE. THE INSURANCE OD. OF NORTH AMERICA, AT PRIME Ll 2 Lai_P Has Established an AOicir is Iff ontioie. The Oldest Insurance Cori the Union. CASH CAPITAL PAID IN ............. ASSISTS OVER., • ' $1,200,000. ►pU rates are aslow as those of tiny good campanyiri I. New York, or elsewhere, and its Directors are snscror the ant for honor and integrity. t _ - • Cnatu.csus.,l2lec'T. ADTIMD. G. °Mini% Pres. itontrose, Jayls, BILLINGS STRUM, Agl. 8 Cr011ip , ...,.. -.: ~ INSURANCE' -.:.C.0)11-EANt. swelogrivOrir. • - - ;ASH CAPITAL, ONE MIWON DOLLARS. mart" isfp, Inemosio.rt. . : toot:4.. 43,068,61, J. Milton SmS Sec'y. Chap. J. Martin,?realdent. Juba BleGer, ; A. F. yilyaartir. Vice : Polities tutted renewed.: by the undereigse , it olßce,tntheßrick Block. Kontrose.Ps.: - stovl9 y 1011161.1MGS tors9vD, Area - SAL-Tette . zit• - No. 37 PARS-110W 4 New Torklarld State Street , IN Boston, are oar neatefor the Xorstrose Democrat la thole eltieeotad are authorized to take advertiaementa tad subscriptions for us at oar lowest rates wissacivrir.i...samovmsgss -- To Englin &Ireland abil ScOtiond. ,•• • . A BR WAIT TIAINS.I3O,,rI3DR . AFTSan emniof one XI, nomad and apictrie: - payable in all the princlrd towns of Sogland. Ireland and Scotland:tor male by IL•COOPER, 4p Co., Bormars. - Montrose, - I B. HAZI photo t a*.sc CriteintitetskeitiTs styleutibt . sew AOl3. .El.4eltreSS4, BY BENJAMIN PARK/4' Uf L.' D.) Delivered before-. the Saspehanwl c ounty Agricultural - Seciely t -al its' Sevenieenth Annual. , ;Ali , hetit at Montrase Oct • .let • .11303'..; . ..; 41irti,:..f'ix1 - 1 cr iii ,' , ,•:11 lmberi . of the Society, 'LecSeitind ' dentlinien ==-Th e : Heaven-ap pointed daty.:lMposed upoti man: by , his Was - 'iO subdue the" earth: 'To enable hitit to perform thls task, he was, on The day of hid Creation, invested with dominion over all the earth, and every liVing, moving creature therein ; as well aS*Over the fowls of the air, and the •fisbes of the lea. The history Of. Our :race Will Show ; that this' invistMent„, or . gift 'Of 'do • Minion, baa been in all' it*'es, accepted' by man; thoughltot,tit all ttmes*Mted in the manner-and Teri:the purpOsei-evidently designed- by the' Giver. • : -',:- ••- -- In the exercise Of thts.gift of - domind ion, man,. commencing at home, has ad changed hitnself„externally and outward- ly at least, : in 'hia appearancei habits and mode of living, int- that the unshaven, IM- - combed and unclothed - Adrini;-who left; the garden of Eden to obtain ;from the soil in the open field of the. world, "in the sweat of hislace,"- his daily tread, would hard! now be recognized as in any way relate to, or of the same spicies with the padde and perfumed-dandy, or even the fashionably clothed clerk, who from be hind the counter bows, to his lady custom ers, displays l•iis goods and in some cases himself, for their admiration and accept ance. . - , ECIT' In regard to the "living cleatnres—the cattle, the creeping thin g 4 and beasts af ter their kind," man has asserted his do minion by waging a war of extermination against every one that would not submit to his rule and authority, and become his stave. The horse, the camel, the cow, the ass, the sheep, the hog and the dog, with a few others among the beasts, have sub mitted—become the servants of man, and in return receive his care, and in mat ca ses his kindness and protection. While such others as the lion, the tiger, the bear, the wolf, the fox, the elk, the buffalo, the deer, and many others, refusing submis sion and service, have -been proscribed, and from a large portion of the earth driv eit.eut, or destroyed. Of the feathered. tribe, the few which could be tamed or made useful,. are cared for 'and-protected by ma; as domestic poultry; the rest, un willing to exchange.th ti,viild7Wcani ana- , libertrot-Eirln'tr-esie, arediiiimed to be I sacrificed, to the interest or sport of any 1 one who chooses te,hunt them. While' the bee and the silk-worm—both: minis...) tering to man's luxury—are nerhaps the only iesects,which are excepted from the doom of this Lord of Creation ;, whose care and skill and power over the ani mals thus submitting , to his sway, has worked even greater changee, in color of hair or plumage, in size and form, in hate its and character, than has passed upon himself. The difference between our do mestic animals in their various breeds,and the wild ones from which they have de-1 scended is so great,-as in many cases to create doubt and controversy as to their; origin and relationship. While the chan ges wrought in their nature and habits have been so great, that it is doubtful if they could continue to exist, if turned a way and left without the'care of man. - :.Again, man has asserted his dominion over the earth, by . proclaiming a war of extermination against most of the vegeta-1 tion 'which in the state of nature covered the earth's surface. In the common phrase ' " the land must be cleared up."— But a few years since—a period:within , , the recollection of ',some now living, and the beautiful fields which now smile a-' 1 round, slay, this entire county, was almost an unbroken wilderness; covered by a dense le-reit - of, trees ' and shrubs, briars, vines'and plants ; the haunt of wild beasts, and the, occasional hunting ground of the Indian'. Where are those forests now ? Cut down, burnt up, and . destroyed by' man, t e exercise of as right of that-he might subdue the earth ; and in. the - stead of forest trees and wild shrubs and Ones, plant mid raise snob talini Mid' grasies and trees, m are useful to civilized man 4, Where are the howling wolves,the skulking panther, the, sullen bear, with the various other animals, that once roam ed Unmolested , over these hills and val leys Destroyed or - driven off by man because -they. would not submit to his will; or could not be. made useful to, his pur- When our forefathers, the first Europe zui7,.iettlers, -Visited this continent, they foun4 it wiliand Amenitivated; "with few or.no marks Ofman's labor or the sweat of, his. row raison- it. - - Acting-- under their comMissioti from the creator . of the Uni verse" to replenish the earth and subdue heytook poihession of the land and I Ty proceeded tooutfra. juvited most earnestly' the - roaming natives of tbe , soil to work with :them:: They endeaVor- - r PdisOido and convince , them that it was *filen- good. Upon their ; and Persistent opposition;our lew - Eng-, hand riodeided -as with 00 3 7 obstriictions, to displace - and - remove' theni;.and to a het resort, inself , defence, to SUbdile;deetrOYl and exterminate their We - do - net bere 4 180 , 41 * the <o6B* ,tiers of rightvor - WregAS to . 414:4relople, asd.disposal of tholndisis, in any section D. GARDNER MONTROgE; ;of America.' We sirnply state the facts.; The firstmettlers of New England as well as, those .of Maryland and Yirginia,:were men of wellinfermed: conscience, as. well As of axedzad determined. purpose. They left .the, land of their. fathers, -as they be: lived, like the 4 patriarch- Abraham, at , the call of God. They came here to make for themselves and their children abome. To do this it was necessary to :work : . a change in the use and . occuprition:of, the:Wade . = from aud fishiug-,grounds, to fields of grain, orchards -and - gardens, and wharves, , sand . landings, and , fixed homes. :There meld be no joint occupa tion by those who would. work Andim. prove and 11014 and thoiae who' would not. The Indians, with feteexceptions, not only refusedto) oin in the business of Agriculture, but resisted the necessary I change in-the : occupation and use of the 1.50i1.. Theyp, resisted the subduing of the earth; and their fate was nearly. akin. to that ofthe wild beasts. They have been gradusdly but; with certainty, displaced; eotnetinies peaceably, sometimes forcibly rerreaVedl and ih case of .foreibte resist ariee;they hate been deitioyed Or hunted back into Abe western wilderness; - and the territory' they used' =for hunting -- and fishing, has been occupied by those who 'acknowledge 4he authority of their Ma ker._lt has been, subdued and changed into fermi and towns and cities, .tbe site of a million homes of un , industrious, nu merous, virtuous and prosperoue tenantry. As citizens of Pennsylvania—" the woody land of Penn"—we can look back upon the early history of our noble Com monwealth, and feel proud of-her record, of the minuet in which the Indian claim to our territory was obtained. The trea ty of purchase and peace made under the giant arms of that towering Elm, on the banks of the , Delaware, where now stands Philadelphia—the city of " brotherly love"—will immortalize the name of hon est WILLIAm PENN, and hand down his memory to the latest. , posterity, hallowed by a trail of light and glory, and perfum -1 ed with an everlingering fragrance of jus tice and goodness, that shall be fresh and I grateful, when all the laurels won in wars shall be faded, withered, and for gotten. The office and mission ofSnbduing the, earth, necessitates in-tbe first,place The' re= moral or destructiou of all That obstructs, impedes or is inimical theretO; 'whether it be forests that occupy and cover the soil; or beasts_ pt.replil.m..Qr_inteaf6Liair-fflum . - sava - ge ..that stand in the wny, and prevent the fulfillment of the mission. It includes in the next place the substituting of such plants, trees And vegetables as are , fitted for the food and comfort of man,- and,such animals as having been reclaim ed and domesticated can be made useful for his purposes ; for food and for aid in his business. It includes further, the es tablishment either tacitly or by agree ment among the workers of the soil of civ ilized in the place of savage life, an under: standing,that be who enclosis afield and cultivates it, shall have the exclusive right to enjoy it, to build upon it, and make it his fixed and permanent home. It, also includes such. tilling of the soil as shall cause the earth to - yieldits proper if not its largest increase; and thus provide for the teeming millions of its ever in creasing and multiplying inhabitants. This is the business of agriculture; the subduing the earth, the tilling the soil— the highest and noblest occupation yet kisown upon the earth ; for though one of unceasing toil and labor, it is Heaven or dained, Heaven protected, Heaven aided and blessed. , The Farmer who in obedi ence to the DivinelcommaM, enters into the business ,of agriculture; andin reliance upon Divine aid and blessing, industrious ly and intelligently tills the soil, making it produce its ahnudaot crops, thereby se cures a charter to the highest order of no bility.. He thereby. becomes associated set a co-worker with the Creator and su preme; Governor of - the universe, in the manaßment.of the' soil, and feeding and sustaining the world. in this work of copartnership, the Al mighty in tbp first place created the seed, the plants, the animals. It is man's part.and duty to prepare the soil, increase 'orrenew its richness, to put in the seed in its proper season, and to live it• due cultivation , God on his part causes the dew to distil, the rain to descend, and the sun to .shine, "He ,wateretb the hills. from his chambers, He causeth the grass to grow for the cattle., and herbs for the service of: man, that he may .hring fortis food from the earth,: wine .that maketh ..,olad and bread whieh strengtheneth heart," Goa. breathes unto the seed the.. breath.of...plantelife and immediately : it becomes alive. Its juices start, it swells,. expands, and grows.. The wheat gathers into its ; kernel the 'flne , flour.. The corn s Alie potato, the pea, the.. bean, each' its, appropriate savor-and substance, The 'dew that drep,s, and gathers upon the or chards, aft.r.eing tbrough.s. magical elemble, appears again in,the riedjilices,of its fruit. tbe: rain . and. sun, under.thain' ',acme 4;:lf .never .varying_ laws, paint : Abe ogler ofiborainbow upon ,the myriad 'flowers of the field and gar den,- . . • iod ' - ; - • ra 'lttelietr.";..22,, . • %$o mats the Oats* thelsOuptl4llo:r?. Moto= 4;14411 ; • ." - C.r - A - • • Andit • wmlin 's ' par tad' Tay ,Keep ~.:f ~ t ~,': .., 61 arittliefitith6 th.catisi, tblftisile 'HO be weeds thit,' giaT . hr' apotitiagiiiiisls , *aid the soil an 4 are, imaii* ic.`.'the groithl or the crops; ` 'which rtli3ire'ici be 0 3 101 d,tiaie'ed and, piliteted; .. .,4hile gcl itir , rind ivhea ripe to . btipithare(t 7 + II riot riarAnadatit liervest girti§i' t he _ _ tiustl by t of th 6th of.hi. busi the sl. , fronibis-.lirow,-'he - is`Gects a gentT trusted:with It part of His_ work 1 ---tifetst cluing eitdl'ehanging the face of the'ehr , add - providing feod fat. the in. habits ' thereof that in this'neces tiary-tei and labor, he' ha's not only the comma 77 . but also the taci'mple of his Crua= tor; wit. .worked'ditriag thefirst sift days of creatap -and restedim• the 'seventh day' from aril work which be had made: ' Thou - the World is Very old, had' Man has exi. d for! near . B,ooo,yeatv,' yet the earth isliffrom being subdued ; brought under t perfeet cultivation, and yield ingl tha bum:fence of bread tharstrength eneth, ' e that gladdetietlf and'oil that beatnik ~ with, all the other neeessaries, comforAnd !tinnier, that it is capable of prodr.ing if cultivated by an industri ous, edliiitssi, intelligent and right mind ed tensity— , .men who will realize the im portanceo4 dignity of their mission, and feel the ienor of being co-workers with the Altnghty, and carrying . out the plan of HiAlation, as clearly . indicated by Himsel.itFor while the am we breathe with t 41onds and vapor which float therein the dew that comes down upon the gr and the rain that waters the earth ;hi rivers - that run among the hills, and th ekan that girdles the globe; the 1 seed ti Lind harvest, the cold and heat, the sum' were al beyond, the eart care to upon an on Go• ' ' yield h; harves . warm t it with small r ,Tabor in any art, trade or ocett-1 in , termites in the estiinatioti r of the I- .or it. 1 ,1. . ' . —ttre-charaeter-- of, those by Item iris carried-on; and hence the neees that farmers should be well infohned enlightened men; for agri culture-wiA ver obtain its true rank-an , ' til it shall' as at least on an equality with the lea ed professions, both in re gard to rape , bility and profit. There is, a great lackwisdom and want of fore sight, as web s intich mistake in regard to the toil an bor, the wear and tear of constitution life, as well as the rela tive profit of rming, as compared with other occupati and professions. Farm ing is thoughtDe the most toilsome and least profitable ' all; and hence, it has been, and still Dy many, considered as least respectablt nd not to be sought af. ter or follostd om choice. Now all know, that mech 'es as a class toil more hours per day th farmers, and their la bor in most case , eing within doors, in heated. or ill vent ted rooms, they enjoy less health, an e as a class, fire• shorter lived. If we inqt •of them after twenty years labor, we sll find that they feel that they have do well if they have be come the owner 1 a comfortable house and garden ; whi he farmer of equally 1 industrious• and• e comical habits, will have' for his twent ears labor his farm; his barn , and- out , ices, 'as well as his house and garden. e mercantile busi ness which, if enti t• successful, is un doubtedly the-'so eof the .largest wqtb, is by far th . east certain Of any. The statistics of , cantile men in our large cities and tow forifty years,show that not more than o out of ten close business cwith a 'c t .etence ;., while at least six lout cif ten tii.entirely and be ; come barikrup..Tllrofessions are ev erywhere over-crot, d,. their . practico perplexing and wen . to life, and their legitimate profits on whole, are scarce ? ly sufficient to meet., at; are considered the necessary expens , of living. up the 'rank and station whi custom has fixed. - l'or them. It, is rare to find a 1 the age of sixty or rm.. his profession alone, 111 any ; considerable forth Would consider a neat, well stocked farm, an [their, toil. and perplexi the history of the expe • left farming for other cases -oUt of ten, is a d t, forsook- .the . pursuit Heaven.ordained and ; !-cupatiokdesined for t ' ens the-mind, own i i and ,energy of the con 1 attended to as a sole source of rational ant - Itiesa. • it is the great, animillife derives its p the Materials.on-iihic Cr species•"of labor is , p furnishes .tootaurtho '. , ; vorattle , tit bislapifinesi (to t - Man pation, AY, NOV' 5 . 1843 io nig 'unit eo-. irif o • r L t ofli 'life - l ,prO q '' i ' d k ea bor;oflM7M, imderthe bletainj and Old eimobling:ttithohAk ' t rme-litiOitieeiritoithe dignity ling o that v p ile 'erigtged - irithe of cottivatinc , the amtand riping and winter and day and night, 'dished and fixed by the Creator if change or control, the face of lithe sail, is delivered into our cetrciae dominion over; to work 4tange, confidently relying up timomise that "the earth shall inbrease," that "seed time and . :not cease; that Be will' 4artb with his 'similes and water dews, and that " we'so*- we II • Iff abundance: fessional man, at rears. who, from . een able' to save Most of them II improved and aple reward for ft; is' said that; ice of those:who mations, in nine regret, that they i agrieulture, the ven blissed which strength. to the health f•-•; i J f:, .1 e. j l'-'; : i, ,-, - 4 , ',. Fl. ~ (.J f It ie nilt to be :` iiiSedeil,'lieltheils PrtfaVtd-desjrohFini.'a gekiefirthitii t ihat oitiers ihOuld 44'4 1 1 - nett or veafisivin4l inionb,6--,teioted , 'lto:"iliti'imirstiit..' they: , Sliouhrlinete , andl,enderStand''ihe general initieiples of alr.sliclibriiiehis khOWledgltt.:llS eipeliallYrelata felheitj o'c• apaticial; PaYmir shesiitd V0315'6146'. fed figio tor n , ties.thatddethAve great" and' votialfy; the' Wan Who, havi4a-tirtifeSiiiiii'm vii* ; hati'd& Mined `-t; , hati by yearit'of*cadentio land`'Sfolleges tidy ; half of which' has. 'lkea ispent the dead langnages.• : In pasi years, bits haS r been,' a" difficult for - ',frn'tera . tO - , - nociointlfish' 'With their ions.'! If theY'wern sent , I to-nolleki and passed'through'the - routi4 Of prescri bed stedy, they came out, it. not'Anfitied for labor bi impaired healib ainterifebbleg body, 'ehrough 'lack of exercise; bringing beck views and 'habits.' altogether., averse to the pltliation of '044101, _Their:inind; their eYe . s,'llnd thou ghts hattbeen'diVeCted altogether away fr ont the, . ti l arattita ticulture: • Unused "to reLruhti- '.ekercise;._ their limbs , were unstrung and 'We'ake,ned; neither' briiky o); : mitid' Was - fitted' for man ual, labor drt the ,firm and: th7' must therefore study a Profession ; 'for although science and art are necessary, for the far mer, labor is the arm' that uses them and secures thd result. In this way,' have large portion of edUcated young men been drawn froni agriculture to the professions. The character of the ii one has been 'lowered, and the ranks of the other overstocked. This diffiulty, long perceived and lament ed, is now being fast removed in many of the northern states of our Union. In our own, by the establishment of ‘ 4 l"he Farm ers' High School of . Pennsylvenia"—an in stitution organized, and to some extent endowed by our legislature, lately receiv ing a rich donation from the general Gov ernment of thezUnited States. _lt is_situ aet d in Centre cOunty, having e farm of 400 acres of rich limestone land, and large and suitable buildings, and accommoda tions, for some two to' five hundred, eta dents. Here the sons of our citizens 'may be thoroughly and properly educated ; learning net only What is' , new regarded as the m,ysteries oftlie Scleuee,, bat' able the prtitidat ditieS and , operations prig ricutture4ho* to make their farms PP:" ductive and profitable, their .homes'corn fortable_aud bnantit'al,' and itoir ' h'appy. • The students are recyfired to labor in the 'shops and in the field, 'at- al the kinds of labor necessary ' ' or about a farm, for three hours each day; ;not more than is necessary for, their bodify health. This leavetrabundent_time study,'Which is directed to stick brandies of 1-nowledge as are necessary to their becothing gent larrier.s. They learn to feed and train and tise horses and cattle and other domestic animals ; to understand their nature and cure their disethes.; They wil also be taught the nature and" ifie of all the various agricultural iiiplements, :and the iniprovements thereon : se as to be able to judge of their characteYand adap-, cation to different modes, of farming and' sections of country—the analysis'of soils, the nature and value 'of mantires and ferz tilizers, and their adaptation to ey4404: a word, the students at this seliool if industrious and capable, be thoroughly' educated as farmers and eitizens - ---be tait't what they ought to know; and learn to practice and perform 'whst, they are in af ter life to do. . It is but a too common error to suppose; that scientific knowldge is''nOt necessary for the farmer. 'The there is scarcely any branCh soieneft that is not important , for them knout, and ' whfc c h they t fi will not uieful in' the "diduptition and business' of` thorbughly subduing the earth - and causing it' to produce its fruits to the extent of its Ored hatt, given to all men, in, a nteater'or • less dog I ree, minds Capable of improvement—the power to think as ii well as the strength to toil ; atnlthe mind and:body mist act in unison, that the full and entire man, can . ; perform" his dutY; . and the' porposes of his creation and tieing. All "understand the necessity" of what, are called the common'brafiches ; E:if 'learn ing; as. Heading,, Writing, and-Arithme tie, with perhaps Grammar 'hod derive: . .phy ; for . all persons' in every ;rani and 'condition in life., These 'are oot education., They areindeed necessary ;etem• ents,the.StepPing ptettes,'the',"inOms and tools of education. suchithey,should be well unlersteed used', by the inter, as it eatiii obtain the knowl edge n ecess a ry ic,his` high' rank - and noby) calling. l i!ie should by . reading 'Obtain some knoWledge ,of ithe An'atolnY a" Physiology 'of, himself hid the. animala uses,; 'that he may'be;able'to keep both in health, add secure's proper titiount of Id bor. _lle shoUld knew enclagll - twilireot in, regfird' hl,s builulngq , and judge of suchiimplementkcif, husban dry as be may need:pr„ba `dispoSed His mindland hithits ,wcid4 be trained in_ the right' i direetioi Of the elealents rgvesd,l`ei ion, and, when kebonndless Int/and. in from which , irt ;.it suPplies: st. every-oth., kydl; while it: acnrinastlai: nmisi;etesni.. ~------ ?,- , 1.1 ' d u p. intitmcivi6g * biti:plin4; flialidinitdo - int° 1 "f. 1/ , ne a univer°'' or 1/6 9 1 PP, k/4 %.4 1 t in 2.. t' `inittioii,!'. ai1:10446g .tilifi' #hY,' and 41,0 whe'r °a 9 r Y tivi i lii In iii°tlbill4P ,,t (l ",, ,t ' ut ' !l i Peg **store, ortilyitpilloep' did >ivi.q' 1 1, 31„, i s idle— reach p angtand,,slarPl' c il i zt, - - , I 8 00 1 , ,1= ~'''-, `,--` , ':. ';. • , ~, , ,,.0 , tuelYogairit I ;4 i .t i * ine ll' a ' ‘, ""' l ' Pte.( 'Lit • Tiildtikettiiiiiim4 'l ,7 itiittOWA , I oihek,(,l6l4!ifiseltV4ilfr,lloP'l 0 02 4utbimAIVoti424048,, 03# tofijir., 1 , c l ri tka S tei ; v ,if tt l ii tr ile -" b *l e , i , e .t th °ir ar v th b uY e i 4 ,,,,,...,, the gtrriei tdoiciiiotAO'clioc;3sox ) ,tkiisrda 1 I . , , , r7' E .• . APO_ -•• " - ~ • • r1 , ; :4:,•4 v_.; • vinte.c and: Idinettlegy ;Which ridefinegthe , sttbstoncie of *Milk its crust is tetn the firmer - shonld -know Isotnethingi ;'•-•• side the - pleasure toile derlied,therefronn it often- leads to-thticliscuyery of valuable de' peSite beneath the soil.mlleysh'ouldh least;havea siifficienti knoWiedgeef iitry•to coinprehend the, amistagdeveler. meats 'of those 'who-make-that selenci their study; far ntleast.:ts''t6 titand -t,he'analysis of - the and the 09er manured-itifertilizerstb • -sepplied to :e.aalv••'lTO know *4 the vegetable wet* tbv :pinta he cnltiVattill are_horn"of the atmosphere—the flint. he breathei; that.greatocean of manure-41' plant fecod;whiehengirdles our earth; More thtui 50. Miles' in zdepth,. andin the gasses tbatiorm and coinpose 9 , lothe Of 'the food we eat; the clothes we, wish . the houses wef live in, _and tliw,l fuel thee warms oni firesides: • That so sniall s:PorJ ticin of these-are Earned from th e prat tickii of earth, that wncan carry=- back ',to; Wm fields in w wheelbarrow; in ' the - % Shape 'of ashes,, all-that was really earth Of 100wse on• loads fi)flhav or grain, taken-therefren4. Sri that a:knoivled,s,re bfthe soil and whit , it needs, with a small amotint , ofcare tindt labor;_prirents:its7.exbaustion by: crops. Nor , should he beignorent of BotimY ; thit: whichnot runty, 01: -4,1 interesting science which.noi .- ly , Oki*: ifies•butlunfolds the wonders.and- ,revealic the beauties 'of, the -vegetable. kingdom..? teaches us their nature, and the laivs that; control and govern them ;, spreading, , thw fields with green, painting, the daisy andi the violet and perfuming the clover- 'and the rose. It will teach him the wonderful: analogy between plants and animils;3hatt their blood circulates through• th'eirveins) and pores;.. that they are , nourishedrhY" , food, and breathe , and sleep; :>are' nialtio and female, produced and multiplied) byo generation; and'that by enlightened cul:A tivation, their, value and beauty' 'aid .41. , :f most their entirematures maY benhangedv , He may. learn that all the varieties , :e , wheat have been developed fron3 a specie* . of wild grass;..our different kinds ofap..4 pies item. the sour Wild crab; our InsciOuto peaches froin a fruit that-couldnot be saw; en; and that every man's daily, vegetablervt the potato; from: aqiseless: wildroot 'dis- , covered not .400 years ago, in South - Am. ; erica.' .; That fit:flowers especially,' .bre4a {nosy: crossed, •varieties ~ multiplied; r 'met'' , colors mixed. and clumgedby the - art? nadir skill, the power and dominion of man.. ,- ~ .:i ::Agriculture: is the !basis , of indivillittil ' , and,.national _wealth, independence - atilt! , happinesit:: 'ln .civilized :life it ,- furnisivetio 1 the food ive eat the clothes 'we - we'ar, inicl 6 a large part of all the' 'articles of necesspirc , furniture. It is:the lash; of trade,: :com•-•) Inerce i . and,mannfactures.• A few - figures.:;. lately obtained from the Deptirtment-ofr. , agriculture at Washington, will tells stow r. ry•that ought to make; us proud: of our -, northern. states. In. 1860,. when we were , t yet at peaceour totalagriculturitlexport4 7 (exclusive of cotton) were about $91000.'4 non, of - which southern ports furnished ifri If bout 20,000,000. In 11361'. the ' noitherne: states alone,. with a half million of min itti ,, the army, exported over N7,000,000:43- -: 'lBO2, with amillion of men in ,the . . ai ; 1 , half at least frem the country, ar , nno i' , ern exports reached over , 8155,000,00 r i : -of. wheat we sent out . in 1802; • 7,000 L bushels,.more than in 186 t. ;,. Thus da ts-1 th'e war, , besides feeding our army, th et=' > of the loyal 'states , have ~uierilased"l over $80,000,000.: , ' -' . ..,1 , v. , ' ' Su vitally important is agriculture that the boldest and 'most fertile • imaginatio , can hardly conedre the "horrors itteideat.`:: , to-the .fiiilurcof.the crops•of a single Yegi:j' , All business must - stop; and grim • fitanneo and guant; despair would stalk • thro";-;this'i laud. , .A.-.4arge 'portion. Of earth's popular tionoinless-tbd, by miracle, 'would perish'''. by hunger and pestilence. ' . k.: , 0 , , i It:,1 Apiculture is also the purest as Well. is t i the greatest source of. individual *wealthVl and-national prosperity.Andeed the' ‘pa.. 1 L rity and the happiness-alike with the proa.s.) 'penty of anylatataiii nation, as '. well', alt the.wisdoin of: its igovernment,; may-bac ,- judged of by ts knciwledge. of the state' of its agriculture.'4' The scenes and. employ ments cif the farmer's life, taken 'with all their accompaniments, .are altogether par= '' 'er,. freer fromlinnptation, and less corrtiv } ling, than those' of any: other. businessror - • profession ;. save' that; alone of a Minister'rll‘ otb s p.Gos f ieli,' The farmer , is• necessarily I WithdflrWn from the turmoil,)the , anxiety ' , .i Landfeverish'excitementlincidenvtOlargs— • townsand cities ;-eSpeoially aniongo , those 1 1 who are largely engaged in other' avatar.' - tione,iamong the jingling of Moneyebittt-. era', and •the Wranglings ofthostit pressing , . 1 " ;forward in!the glittermg4 .Init al ways!clti- •' 1 " certain parsnip of.trade and speculatioll4 • i' 'or even those !who nee engaged in the.uh. i.i teasing toil of:the manufactory or. , woir&.:4l tiliops of the Tit - Hotta 'mechanic - arts tic . n tirades.'. They have not, 'the , rainy:daya • i•t and long winter'evenings with such Other- . leisure hours and minutes as : the farina? P , 'May choose to takei while 'his, crops „and 'Stock iiiirkawifiVritll.:.increaaiag, 'f0i.„... T1 ieadine,!stralii'i . anirre4atioa i,Oll wMOti.i:ii:i if lie' ba a larttter',.*CithY 'his eAllitjg'o4'...l; holy inissio33,-liiWill.' diligently 'Mph* iti„ r l 'l4oitiv? - " • --- 2- L I V '}lat k r, ~~~ f ~~ ,' , 1 ;
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