A. J. ot.RR/TSON,'PUB!..ISHER. GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE. Tike Honorable the Senators and MemNra Vac Bosse V Representatives of RAs Om- Wterauvalikof Pennsylvania: thootto the restjesteloseqi has been ime Of great Icl.r scion in the busi ness and tueitetstry affeirs of the country, 1 - ant happy tobe ai.le to announce to the Ri r,sents lava bribe People, that the filmed of 'Pennsylvat.i4 are in a roust selisfactory con dition. . The nevi - pis pit the Treasury,. from. alb sOur cei.l.l the 6.sei(l veer, ending on, the 30111 day of November, 1858, were 84,139,778 83; and the eipen(ll.uo-s, for all par t ) lies, duvtog the same time;were 83,776 867 06. leaving ate"eitiess - of - rdci i - k!s' over etpendi:utelh of 8363,021 29. This exhibit shows eiat there was actually • . . • , 113 the 'loess:my on the Ist (lay of .December, 1858, the sum of $383 921 29, more than there' was on on the la? day of December, 1857. In-addi inn to thii,,among the expen ditures for the year, were Lo‘ns rrdermrd Wliof Not, s Redeelned. lutert on Cr.tatcates, Making dithe public.. debt fund ed and(onfunded prid during 'the rear ; 421,49 i tb If we , add tothir be eietas of money. onitand,:rd the end of the &.:a1 year, over what re-' trained irt" the Treasury, at the - 'Woe time lust year, •iz t 303.921 29 We hare the sum of • • $785,415 /4 I3dt trat not all, The *tweet& paid on the public itnprAre. ' merits. Including detneges end • old eleims„ doting the fiscal rear, ' $311,036 58 While the amouht of r.e mute fren' the slum r the smue,pet ial, 'erne 031) Making an elm - us of over r-cript•, which happily we wilt be relievd Irom iu the fut.ra, of - $245,9Gri 52 This shotil.l, credited t•J the °pieta fiuns of the tres,s-sry during the Itesr, for is w as estrsorditutry expeuditnre, aide') cannot nvin censor; And was, in Aut, rt._ reduction of the ituli ities of the Copsnonweslth Us that xatrnc If we add thiesorn to the amount of debt pail, and the excesi - orcash on hand. we have f‘.l- the year a totlanee in favor of the receipts. over the ry litori,atnosnt:n.g tn mtM.g the a!rgr, r‘zate. t0t1.031,35t • But frbm ha , huviet-(1...b0u1d V'eilefluett-d the ex ro r .ie .ry re. vphieh were ' The asnonnt panl by the _ Pennsvlvati is Dread Cotnnanyi -; .on the iris ipa! of debt due by said company, t the Cora l motive filth, re the NI de L'ne V. The t rec. i.edir..m the Gir plank, 1. r lo:ths of the Gontrnottureaal sold by-that b ,uk A't hi-fi &Aunt from the •titht...ing vt......0f #1,91;382 36, leaves the irae bat eau.* the r ipts twee onli n: ry es s lendithr4 fart4e fi4ca! yea' at 1903,- 862 30. t .The fdrideri and • unfunded dell of on the Ist day of Dtcetu 18.57, vvis. es foil.'ms: Ft 1cD!.71) T>EIIT G p r cert. loin „.. 5 tti.r cent. I,,sn eet t t. Ivan 4 per cent To..t'ii..ttultl be addwi 5 per Cel/t. Volliron liun , is SC;!(1 by Gir,rd Or., nut ben.re re pvrtttl Total funded debt L'S rUSD ED DELr Rei-f lq, , t "It 0140*n - dine... .$140A21 'lttierest Kertiiirales 23.47; Do. - tmetra , tire. ,-. .4,41 Dunrest vreL;l7-, • • 80 Tntal.enfundeti debt. $175,14 ida l ine the . eiiti.e Belt c.f :he Gm, (m -irea\ th at the period named. t , 39 903,738 22. T 4! funded;led taafuteleti .lePt .J 1 the S ht.. at tl e close of the h:st fis,:al year, December lit, 1838, !WWI Us 11.4 lON E:: rtNDED, Dgfrr 6 per cent...loans—. S prr tent. 103114. 41 11cr rent. 11:00/6 . 4 per cent• loans... .. . 1 Total finuied debt J. . it 39,354,2135 67 I \ C Icrwe DEO' DIEM: B e li e f no tes outstanding - $ 105.34 00 loierwt crytiltat te4 ' '23.357 12 Do. dg unniaimed 2.448.38 Domestic treili:ors Total unfunded debt if:acing the public ri«bt of the Ist o f I cestnbef Itt , t. $39,488 2.43117. Since the e i of the 8-cal. vemr:t..e o. , unnisst•tnets of Fund lave retketto..l of the five cent. tuna, the t.um 011226;132 51. rem . the real dell of the Colo-matt men th at time, fued . e.i.sn4 unfunded, $33,268,1111 To. In..et this, iresi.lts the - ordinary ou of publi• revenue. Lite Strtes OW/IS bonds eeived fr.in the sale of public works, which I luiVe evrry reefer' to telieve. seenrcd. amounting to eleven mill 4 P , one hundred-sed eight.-one d CORN? lle l ct log thi. fr..)ni the outstanding debt, it 1, yea to {be ottuawi s e weld led fee Ake eu of t tventy-t itthL milice 6 eight y•eeiren 'thou nd one :hundred and Eleven dollars end *le cent=. , 1 It is believed thit with the existing sou ees of revenue, and tit/ obeervance of strict e o n _ this fum may_ be redw•ed. darin g th e current year at le4t one million of•dolhu • The pre‘ent woaiJ seem , to be the AVi Otte LI - Intr.—when our nation is at peso l and when health and reashasble props prevails within our bUrdets.—to greatly dune the public debt. We have but tv c "fully 1/n.lOlO :our resources, situkling est spot end • unrieeessory appeopriitiont% practiiing s, proper economy in the partments of Government, ro render the en extinguishment orpur debt a fired (set w in a very brief period.. TO - carefully toloatd the public treasury 'at this interes ing epoch be out financial tistory, ta,s • inateestly the ditty of the public autlo.ities„that I cannot f..r one nmient believe that any other poliq ‘Ol be prop teed. If there be mai, who, re- I ing Upon.' the improved' condition of the fi nances of the State, would encourage the adoption of nes* schemer for depletinithe Treatory. or 'would cut off the 'sourees of our Preovnt *vain. and tiles rerie..e it, let all 'web efforts,' coining (torn whatover quart r they may, be sternly resi-tal. Let Pennsyl vanit bejust before she is generous. Le! our good .elutonple be a light in the pa:bway of our ii-ter'Ststes, as %fell is an admonition' to our own loyal government.; This is due alike to the farms which Providence has tr, bountifully to-rowed upon us,; and to that high character for honesty, end int..gritv which has atter distingitisheid peeple of this good old Comuonwealib: -Iu pursuance of the kat endiled "An Act fur`tbe.s the'Stote Cansie appr..ved oh the 31st day of April last, I did, as Governor of the Commonwealth,- on Vol 19th day of ?day, 1853, convey to the Sunbury and. Erie Railroad _Company. all the Priblie Works belonging to the Commonwealth, then r.-- %Joining unsold, souls ing of the Debuts e Division—the Upper and Lower North lit:belt Divisions—the We llrsneli I.hei4- ion—ahti . the Susquehanna Dl+ision - of the Pennsylterols-Caoal; wills all' the proper. y thereunto larlouging. of In anywise appet taitoing, and all that estate, ilght, title and interest of this Commonwealth! therein, for the sum of threeitillil - Ons five' hundred thou sand dolrers.-_ To secure the payment of this sum, the Surobety and Erse Railroad Compa q paid to the State 11ensuref its bonds, se-. (Alm] by a mortgage, as sliroetrol by the get, Ct. the - amount of tire porch...ft 'nullity. The company, also, cotnpii-d with the provisions of the net whin h required it, as' aditionsl_ se curity, to secure and deliver to the St ate Treasurer a turdtgage on the Delaware is ion for one mot gage on the Sus quehanna and West 'Minch pluisi.ins for half a million—and a mortgage on the Upper And - Lower.Notili $P inch 14.isiona fin -I half on'lion of dollsts. The deeds and m• I gages 'rem all execuTpd under the iantriedi.te super vls.pn of the Attofuey Oeueral., pod were s• tint coonforlui.y with the tequieatents of the w. .3380,996 85 41,071 CO 1115 to 95.070 fir, —After - the convevanCes we e duirezenuted .an.i delivered. pus - session of the Canals grits givert tti the railroad thattpahy• The act further provided that;tbe Sunbury and foie Railroad Company shouid n,ot re thy Cwwwl 4 ; or any watt of them; without the consent of the Governer; lartd,th.t if a re-sale were Made r,,t , a greeter sum, in the aggregate., than three and a half rtddion' of doilnrs. seventy -6,ve per cer.tum of the exc'eslt should be pal i to Vie Ceontnonrveirith, in the .bonds of the purcintsets. 'alio p ai r i l e d that Upon aTe-eille, a ortgages giver' by the Sunbury and Eri-2 14)1r:ad Company the "COinon wealth; updli the Casein, Should hi cancell-d by the: State Treasur.-r and sorrel,- d• red to the vompany by the Oovernor. , in tieptsits nook by s.i 1 company:in the ttflice t of flie StatiTreasurer, &f en equal amount of gran'ees , tectped by tho mortgage of the canal or canals ttrhl as NfOteg2ll6 ' %—e I it a coot istun that no transfer of securities s°ton ld be made until the Governor should be sati,fied that the new reentitien to be given were auf i fi: •nt to protect the Tnterf eta of the ,11,•tq e : am.' that ht.; Witten approval of the cluingtt -boob.] lie filed in the-office of the Seuretatv of the Cetttttonlyealth. $128,000 Sd.-s lore made by the Sunbury end Elie r Compiny, nral reported to me utt.ler oath of - the iliesadent, of the .liffdreat lines, a. futkrus: t44:1,18 , 38.773.212' 388,200 1u0,0841 00 52 00 00 The Uppe; - and Lower fill Branch Canal. - to the Notth Canal Company, for... $1.600,000 Wei.l Branch and 'mum; Divisions, to ;ho We=t Branch and Sara eltantot Canal Company. for.. ... The Delaware Division, to the Del, Rotate Division Canal Company, of Pennr•ylvania, for $39,734,.59 00 82 88 50 In all the tem of Upon' inves ization -and inquiry, hating become siti-fied that•these voles, ;vete made for fsir pticea, and, upon such terms, und'ut .tick lu_rsons composing the vations psreltaZ ing association, as ro in-tire the payment of the purchase money, they were saverally ap . , . After the contr Mt, for the ade of the Dela ware Diti-ion hat! been enteted into, and I my Ounstott‘ had been vettrally, given, anti -events-five thousand (loiters of the purchase' moueshad been actually paid by the put eha-er., 'upon the faith of the contract and my assent thereto, I tytrs infoqueci that a higher, l'rive had heen offered, by rettpousilde per , ons, fur the canal. But, under the cumstances, opini ut was that the offer' came too Intr . ; tam! as the Rai road Company c.obsi tared its e lf bound to consummate th e ag,T T neut by delieery'uf the deed and-p , s ,. s g . n o f the L rop c ity to the first Pufehisers, could not, it; good faith, airhimid my a--- sent; The .fforth lirtncli Canal, Cornisinv, s u bsequent to rite putcloom of *hitt Di isiou, weld that pottion of the canal king be tween Wi'kashaore ,and Northumberland to the Wyontintr Canal Compatry, for the - . sum of nine hundred and eighty-five thousand dollats. On thel3 t uf Septetu ber. 1858, bonds of the Carious compsit'es oiCni tag t fret.tt toren! canals, secured by mortgages, were, in putatienceof the act; and by my approval, depositud ritr.ft the State Treasurer, to the amoufnt of two mil lion of dollars; and the mortgages given by the Sunbitry• iked *ere can celled by Sttle Treasurer, and surrendered by the ,to the company, in accordance with therfireclorisfif the law. At the time time a settlement wasmadibeiween the (.mninen. svewlih and LIM R.,i'4.tati Company, by *blob ;lie barer paid- to -the State asvenly-five per rent of tbeprtxmcdeoftbe re-sale over and aboTe the contracr_pice or three and a This etnotintitl to two hundred ;And eked). one tie Diana two hundred and Ely tiollar4, sad was paid ;tribe following disinter, viz: $445,18d OtV 38,420 904 67 388 200 00 . 100,000 00 soi 50 $133,05. CO per isq • hi -16. Ronde of of the Wyoming Cenal Cotntwoy,l43coreti hr morgnge ow the eannl frOm liVilkesbnfre •to • . North II mberlotod.poyatble in twenty ceati+!ith inton:est at six pet Oenturn . " • pncible semi-annunT1y........... s ' 2 8 1,000 • . 250 "Wt JON/ • OMMILVES TO NO 'PARTY THAT Dna wori,canitt tun 3%AD me tuft* IMP VD 'l!w Myhre or *nil innoiv.. These bonds are well sneered, and the ste cruing interest and principal, when due, will doubtleoi be promptly pail. Prom inf. rmation of a reliable clientele} I 'recently comintaLloated to me by the Pr4...i- I dent of the Sunbury and Erie Railroad Coin-! pray, it. appears that th@ prospects of an i early completion of that great puliic high- ! way are verieteouraging. A large amount _I of work lint been done ore the line' of the r during the pinit reason, nod at this time, refit cousiderable..porrions of the road are graded and rapidly appoaching'completion. It is the opinion Of the President of the company that, within two years, the work sill be entirely finished, PO that cars will lie running ditectiy from the city of Philadel phia to the harbor of Erie. When this greatentert riseihall be COlifillar. mated. and the desire of its friends finally ac complithed, the payment of three million and half of mortgage bonds, which the State. -lies received in exchange fur the cabala, will %toque& ionably be well secared—whilst the road, itself, will prove of incalculable ad montage to our, great commercial emporium, as well as to the lei whim botiong neglected region through which it pesees. Its construe- dun will undoubtedly add to the value,of the real estate of 'the Cumulonwealth many times be cost, sod developestud bring. into use the rich,resourcesof a country which have hitherto remained as they were lavishly smelt by the hand pf nature: I have - an abiding confi dence that the result will abundantly prove the wisdom of the measure, which, white it, guaranteed the completion of ono of the greatest improvements twerpniected by the Com Mon wealth, it, at the aims time, divorce 1 the S ate from the tint rofitable and demoral izing management-of her s rai broads and canals Whriteverdifference of opinion may, at. son +lle, here been eatr-rtained iii revard to the propriety of she legislature rut hor icing the sale of the main line. or the branches, it can scarcely be doubted that the public welfare will, in every respect, be early, promoted by the transfer of the totsenectert of the nub & woiks from the State to heti. ideal owners. The short experience we hare had already. proveb corteltisively that the Commonwealth is greatly the gainer, in a dnaneinl pint of vi e w, and it has been equally demous rated that the people at large hare been as well, if not better, accommightted, by. t be change. would, in my judgment, be a public calamity, if, by the happening of any con tingency, the Cumitionwealth should be con strained to agsitiliecome the owner, and re sume the management, of any portion of the panic The power of the General Assembly to Oars the act of the 41st of April. 1858, relaive to sale of the State canals,..was a question be fore the Supreme Court of. the State, sirroe she transfer or the canals; and, after full al., gement, the constitntionality of the net- was sustained by the, onanimous judgment of the Court. _ Since the sale of the puhlio works, and the retilernent . of the principal outstanding against the Slate. it is t.brious that there i 4 1:6 further necessity . for a Board of Canal Comtuissioners. or- a Canal Department. I therefore recommend the abolition of the 13. raid, and that provision be made for the transfer of the records to the Vince of the A -, itlitor General. _ In view of the foregoing exhibit of our re sources and financial coodiion, it is 'tripe tent that the 'twit intetesrthg era has been reached in the hi-tory of the Commonwealth. Relieved from the etit ogli t embarrassments of an eaten-ire systsin of internal irnpoove trrentri, the means of the State are now ample for all legi imam purposes. nod her public &hi is,gradually but cermittly dierppearieg. From these and other minxes, governmental He ion has beeorie greatly , . imp itied, and the L nature of the subjects o f I opmerroeb;t4 changed in a degtee no le , s rernmkable. The almost e di•posal of tjto lands Ice! nged_to the Sate , has already di - pcnsed with`one of the Departments created for 'lt -i+ elite, and will, ulimately, render the other tienecessirv. except for preserving the est s of their. trritsfer. The s-tle of the public works has ,relieved the Exeentive branch of the Goverment of many of its most responsible act' perplexing dui-s.. rind in effect, disrpris4l ai h one ill i-s mast formidable. and riiffietilt departtnents. In the satne proportion, the action of the legislature will, if the representatives of Ate people be true to the interrgAreposed, and sternly term% to entangle the public a ith diose numerous lacier-is and enterprises which are continually seeking its alliance, be simplified - -and ecouotnised, purified' and st reng hened. 500,000 1.775,000 $3.87,000 And it is as remark able as it is per , pitiouk t an era' hits dm. relieved the State authoti i«s ofl„„then,,11„1 ii , her of mere ma. pert tl interests, or tho care of local a (mild - - tot im—cointoi•ting the one to the local amen ii.tity of the people, and the other to private or assoriated enterprise—should also prevent fur coreideratim and pioniroimi in tellectual and moral claims, of peculiar hit. portance. It, is at this period in our historv,that the system, of public -education challenges the attention of the most um.b4ervoint. 4 . 1(14.1 I shall he touch mistaken in the catitious but ...iertdfa-t character of t he people of Penns3l. yards. if their rep.eeentativea do not make it the first of j..ct of their rolicitude. The apbu4 report of the Superintendent o f comm o n eArhooti will lay before rid the present condition of the Common School System, and of its operations during the past tear. Your close and ,scrutinizing att'etnion is invited to the dettOts of that (Imm - dent. Including, the city of Philedelphisi; it will be obsetvect, that there were NT the p' hhti schools of the Bode, during the year which ter m inat e d on the first Monday of last June, 628,201 pupils; these were instructed during ten-average tent of is Mlle over five rovntbg, in ff 581 wr , oof-, by, 18,858 tembers aft a total cost $2,427.832 41. here is a public ineorest, which, whether we regard its ramifications into every portido of air felu ie. its !aide east, the inmsrii. ant towers oter the present which it, wields. or its inealeufalle influence upon the future —undouluedri transcends all others commit ted, to the 606 of the secular anthmitiei. This beieg the ease, 1 hare no - hesitation in soksertioit that the time has arrived when its full importance should be recognised, and that its due adMinistration aboulti be made the duty of ii folly organized And effective, as ' well as a sopirate department in the govern. went. .181,250 But tb• Imi 4576 anal rtfnlotinn o f MIT iViiiNtROSE Ic iiiirJANLIARY 13,1859: systein of Ciontnon Schools—important Rod extensive as it obviously is—lahould not be the ante object•Wf snob a departloeht, If it is true that the power to punish crime includes also the tight the prevent it, by pro;,•iding fur the - proper intellectual and moral ruining of the people, it would seers to follow that the department charged with the latter Moment ous duty; should. also be in possession of all the sources end subjects of information cal culated to shed light upon; thn ohledt of its nation. Bence the collection, arrangement and practical ckductious from population and ludo-trial statistics; from Mauls! defects, such as deafneitrand dumbness, blinduess,and lunacy ; from crime in its various forms and developments ; together • with such control over all the literary and licientilic institutions in the Stare•ataball bring their full condition into view, should also belong to the same des• psrt mem. Therefore, I moat - respectfully, but earnest ly, tirgempon ydur favorable consideration,at the present propitious moment, the organis ation attach a Department, in the room of done for the care of mere matter whose agency 1/113 been or soon will be discontinued try the onward and upward progress of the Commonwealth. A suitable Department of PuhHo Instruc tion will not, however, of Itself. effect all that is needed in this-direction. • The general re sults of the Coalition School system, already cited. show the importance of be nature, and 'the mignittideetheeperatlons. If we look, also;into Its epecial- statistics, the conclusion will beequal Wear that certain improvements in its working machinery are equally indis pessibln. It is ceedless.to attempt to prove the truism that the properlyiquidiged teacher is the life modem:cc:sof the school. Bat the facts a e startling, that of 12,828 teachers of our pub lie schools. ezelirlve of These of Philadelphia, only 5,087 she reported 111111'qualitla for their important trus i t ; stilts 6387 are returned as 'medium,' or stfeh as are only tolerated. till better can be obtftined i and 111st - 11,315 are stated to be 'unlit: In other words : of the 569 680 children attending the schools out of Philadelphia, unl ,about 230;000 c,less lilac one half) are on f paper' insults:6oo and training ; w hill- ut 240,000 are receiving insufficient instrutition from litre4pr teachers; 100,000 are actually in charge of potions whay ucfirfur the task: i This presents the sulject in a light that cannot be shut e t ; stud though the- great and commendald efforts recently made -by theleachers of P nsylvauia, for their own itnproeement,a:aully recognized. it cannot lie' iienteatect ttrat=lebe.se tr. et ....It yrs , t 1 OS done, in this relation, which would seem to be beyond their unaided power to accum plish. ~ When, towever, we look further into the i •pecial statistics of this branch of the systetn, i the mateiial for Nprovemeut is found to be lof the most Pri , Mrsing kind. s Of the 'l2 828 i teachers of our ersmation sehools, 10,880 are I ender tbitty yenitt of age, and 10,946 are na• I IVei of Pennsylvania ; and a larg er propor tion thee in most of the other States are permanently detitted to the profession of teach ing. To render these fit for the position to which they aspire—nndoubtedly.one of the most useftil and honorable in the world— and to raise up a cumulus, supply of well Tor - Hied successor. * is the work to be done. Vaiious modes of effecting this object have been suggested or ttierll but, after mature tefleettoo, I sin led to prefer that devised by the Act of May 20, 1858, entitled, •An Act to provide for'the due training off teachers fitr the Common Schools - of the S:a'e.' It place.. in relation to the State, the teacher on the same footing with the members of such, of the -other learned professions as hare been recog nited by public nut hotity ; and it is to he re w , etted that the prostration of Istisine-s and sCareity of money; that-3n soon followed the ;insole of the act, had the effect of checking many laudable efforts to put its provisions in to operation. Under these circurrttancee, does It not become the duty of the State to afford snob aid; or at least hold out tuck in ducements as this 3 enable this measure to be fairly tested I . the tra.4age of R law guitar teeing the payment of a moderate stlfil to one 're:where Schorr? in each of the 'ist• leas created by the a.ct of 1857, would no doubt 'r•au,o a sUft/ttient number to entablish the efficiency and pract• icability of the plan, to be completed in a few year.; the money not to be paid till the whoold were in full and approved operation. It is not prolooltle that this graph would cause any cohsiderable draft oh he treasury; but. even if the whole twelve schools should ulti mately larestrodolinited,the boon would neither be out of propottioh to that which has been conceded to other literary institutions, nor the number of graduates beyond the wants of the community. Op to the - present time. Pennsylvania has appropriated about $OOO, 000 in aid of her colleges and acadeintes,aud this mainly in the hope of obtaining from them teachers for the_ common milord*. Though the benefits of this munificence have been, in miter !,erpects quite equal to the amount given, at will be as<erted by no one that the avowed of has been to any con siderrsble extent effected. It would therefore iniear t o tgl . time that the aid of the State should be brought directly to,ttear in fact:lcor the emit ohjetiso long contemplated. I Iraqi thus briefly laid before yoh the con dition of our noble edtfcational system. it will affori ma sincere pleasure to concur in the adoption of thee, or any other measures, fur its perfection, that the wisdom of the Legislature may devise. In this count q, the want of a school which I shall cotrolyiwe floe elements of learifing and agrriculttrat labor, end thus adopt itself to the education of the farmer. has been motit seriously felt ; for, whilst our many colleges well fill the measure of usefulness in . their apitraptixte sphere of intuitive, it must be coodeded that the training they , impart. is hardly adayettb the sirb of prettiest add c utture. 'nuayfeattia that interest is so importint as to demand at all times our antmeho attention and activo support: "The Farmers' )l. High of Pennsylvania" lately projected and planned by a few pettio spirit ed individtrthri and sibieh has fettetved. to some, extent, Ike pationage of the State, dud the conitibations of a number of our patriotic citions, it destined to a ffu!d a place where young Mee May lot. educated at an expense commensurate with. their mess* and to a condition queffying theta for the pursuit of the business of the tarn. Hera,: Whilst. daily occupation will train the in* to the ability to labor. and give to the student the enviable feeling that he con tributes to his own support and education, it will instruct tied enlarge hiy otind,that it may give force and effedt to-all his future efforts. The design of the institution is to afford a school where boys may be thoroughly edu cated ih all the brooches of natural science, and, at the same time, be inured to the per formance of labor ; so that at their gredne lion they may return to their parents lamed. antly prepared to join the domestic circle, to given right direction to the busineto of agri culture, and act well their part in eery. de partment of Ilfe. An olject so fritight wiih ugefulaess is entitled to the highest commend- atiop. The application of scientific principles to the Practical parpo-es of life, is but reediting the full benefit of those 'Wiser nature, to discover and to profit by which, is undoubtedly one of ihe great ends of human reason. The more this important object is held in view and effected by our higher institutions of learning: the mum valuable and useful *ill they be come. The Polytechnic C is of Pennsyl vania, at Philadelphia, s founded on this basis; and its attempts to-popularize science, and connect high acgitirements with practic al ability, is presented to yet ... tr favorable con sideration. Under a resolution of the last House of Representatives a committee was appointed by the Speaker of the noose, to examine the state and condi•iun of -several Banks chart ered at the session of 1857. The resolution directed the commi tee to report to the I Governor the result slits examination within ninety, days after the adjoutnranit of the Legislature. On the 2Cith of July last, the report of committee, trigether , with the accompanying evidence,was Sled in the Office of the Secretarr of the Commonsrealthie copy of which will be laid before the liclule Representative?. In view of the facts reported by the com mittee, in refeitmee to the ittganization and subsequent management of the Tit ga County stank, the Crawford County Babk, abd the lAte,k of Shamokin, I wou'd recothinend a careful inquiry into the pres-ntbonditien of these institutions, and if it shall be ascenain ' est that the public is ltkely to suffer injury rum the further existence of eittir, a speedy 'and certain remedy may be found in a legis lative repeal of the nghts and privileges great l' hy the acts of ineorpontion. ' , The power to alter, revoke, or annul. the charter of a bank whenever its continunbee mey, in the (Onion of the leg;slature; be inju , ious to 'he citizens of the Common wee It h. is expressly given by the Constitution to the General A.- sentoty.—to be exercised, however. in •oweb manner as that no injustice shall be done to the cotporaters. Ohedienee-to this constitutional injunction would regnini that in the event of a repeal of the chart-t of a lank, care timid be taken that the tights of the f iocithol dvs to the sit!. pi WI assets ut the hank, after payment of its del t+, were piotented ; and that suit:Jae provisions should be wade for settling its nffiirs. ' - • The injunction contained in the Constitus don. Nat the repeal, or revocation of a bank charter shall ha in inch a manner as to work nn injustice to the - corphrators, is not a quali• fieation of tbe.power to revoke or annul the charter ; but it is silkily a requirement that, in lAkille away the charter,' the riglite of the stockholders shdl he protected, so far as is consioent nit , ' the act of wren! It-elf Ido not doubt that the leZiOntllte may alter, re voke. or annul. /Mr existing hank charter, wh ene v e r h, its opinion the toile:mance of the charter mar he injurious to the citizens of the Com toonwenith. Any other construc tion of the Constitutional reservation would Make the intete.ts and safety of the public suhsel‘ient to the gain of the stockholder. lletievine. therefore, that there it. no want of power, T cannot refrain from expressing my derided opinion that'whenever it is dear that a hank is insolvent, or in great danger of be coming so. or whenever. its privileges are so need nr abused as to teflonsly, juejturlice the interests of the public, it is the duty of the law making power to protect the people, by deo roving its coiporate existetice. • In thi, connentiop 1 deem it my duty to reiterate the view expressed in my inaugural address. I ttm atatia. as my decided opin rim. t hat there should he no Anther increase of hanks or bankingcniital under the present arstem--expressed a decided hosts sty to the is-ne of notes of A Mill denomination—and recommended such a change in our laws ro. ir e 'to h a nks, their organizatlon And MO6- nEement as would at least secure beyond all question the prompt re:lei-option ,of all hills or notes putt in circulation by the several binkingt ins•itutions.of the commonwealth. Well satisfied Of the imnerfection n 7 . 2 ;0.. inff laws relative to hanks and hankine. T deem 1. a duty to inform the (lettere! A.- 'tenably that I certnnt give the Everittlye Ar ornval to any bills , ehatteting additionnl Lanka radie.pl nhar.ge in its "entire sv"tem. It is but inst to state that in mv nninion a large majority of the ba7•ks in Jim Commonwealth AM walltana safely menamet, and in a perfectly s'onna enndi•ion; hut tbitt is doe to the honesty and intelligence nt tilos° having charge of them. rather than to the of the laws. Under the mango' , ment of ineapable or dishonest men. exne k ri. once has shnwn that there is really hot little if any *Pewit, to the pnltlin in the re'nla• and tworiotions now fn he fonnd in nn► hankirer code. tun wisdoin dictates a re fnrartatinn. • The ruinona !owes which have fallen upon ,ho people during the financial pressure o the past eighteen mon ths, suggest the neves- ' tilt, of preventing. their repu t mune. Although matey ceases mai , have cointoided to produce !belie disasters, li is too plain to admit of doubt that our banking ay e t e ln has p een one of the nwet prominent. The value of the precious metill—the pi•ice cf properlyt—and the wages of hibor—are always effected by the abundance or scarcity of the paper medi um teceived as a sub touts fur gold and silver coin.--The power of the State to authorize a _paper curtenur, though the agency of banka, ball been so long exercised, and sanoiledged, chit:tugboat the Union, that it is no longer an open question. ut it must be acknowledged ,that the power ,{h.sa been greatly abused. The delegation of this eiiribute of eoreteignty to a number of jut aponsible corPotatiuns, without proper checks to limit the eiercitte, , and , without providing any wieeittsr whatever fur the redemption of the issuiris thus authorised, bas been attended with evils of the most, alarming ttbaraaer. These corporations:Tere practically' made the excluSive judges of tE6 Amount .of paper currency to be furbished to the people, and have the exclusite. power to contract. or ex pand their circnlat bin at pleasure. Deposit ors end ordinary creditors-of'llanks, need no leolilation for their profec , ion.—Etery obe r!tio has direct dealings with the institutions, Atha'. RS , depositor or otherwise, enters into eache'bgagernetits voluntarily, fur his own advantage, and May be safely left to his own vigilance, and the ordinary remedies of the I law, fur his protection- But, th e millions of I people engaged in industrious. pur-utts, the farmer—the mechanic—the merchant - and the laboring man—Are under en impetious geceraity to receive forth& member:clue and their labor, the erdinaryl,..paper currency of the country. It is immaible for persons of this deseriptiois to investigate . the concerns of every institarionfwhose awes are 4 . 11 cireu-, laden. But no investigation could save them from the hatient omitting from the defaults and frauds of bank officers and the.ineolvency of , bank borrowers. , The note holders of- banks have peculiar claims to the protection of the government. They are involuntary creditor+, who are forc ed to receive tho notes authorized by the governinerii. Tbry have tio direct dealings with the banks—They do not trust the banks from any hope of gain. They hare no profit in Passing the notes which they would not bevelled in passing gad and silver coin. They combine almost the entiracemmunity, and the humble and ignorant are always the greateit atiffoore wheo-a hank fails to redeem its notes. The whtile people ere thtrefure I dee* interested in the security of the dice ! nation chatted _by law; although .many of Oen+ may ne4i. have had a share of bank stook, or been within a huildred Miles of its place orttitdneck. The Government that aittlimires the issue of a paper currency I. under a high moral obligation to r.-qvi , e ample and asailahle security for its redemp- thin, The cei.ificates of loch iisued by the Gen eral Government, or by thi4 Cumuinnwealth, at a value to be Bxed upon, ;with the power to require additional deposits of secuti , y, from time to time, as the loans deprecia'e in the marke , , wodlti be as safe and available as any Other guarantee sada could be pro vided, A law requiring all issues of bank - here after organized, to be secured by the pledge of these lortos,would enhance the value of the' present lobs, and thus give the holders a premium not contemplated when they be• came purchaser., and for which they never gave any valuable eonsiderttion. This en hanbed {Mould be derived from a privt; lege granted by the State, and the State ought, therefore, todiave 'the benefit of it, as far as this may be secuieti - by legidation. The te.-eut atnendlnent of the Constitut on. circumscribes the poser of the Legislature in treating State debts, with an 'exception in lava of 'debts contracted 'eo releein the Present out-tsnding indebtedutss or the State." A law authoriang new State' onns for the purpose of redeeming the present over due debt,' would be w 'lbw the con‘titntional exception, and would be free from of .on constitutional grounds. The new losins thus authorized, redeethable at the expiration of twenty yeah', with the banking privilege-'attached to them, would undoubtedly sell dt }tier premium. The proceeds of their isle should be applied to the payment of the present State debt, now ovettue, amounting to more than seventeen millions of dollars. ender this system the Siete loans would no longer be held by for eigners, - and the semi-soma) shipments of eproie, to '.psy inure -t, would therefore cease. As the t urreney would be limited to the amount actually secured, the danger from ox, :: pensions, which have sheretuford s'irnulated the incautious to embark in, 'piton.' (Mut t in bvertrading, and in eitr•rvagacce in dui, expendimres, would be gMatly les.ened, if not eutirele overcome. Ac the •eeitirit'es would be in the hands Of y high mu& reloon.- ible officer of the State, with euthotity to Fell them for the purpose.of redeeming the cireu litionobe power of the banks t?arn-s' specie pirmeys et their own pleasure e at ao end.—The system propo.ed is as near an approach to a specie basis as the condition and laiiits of the people ei•'S at present pre pared for.' The dots' of securing the, corn inimi , y from losses continually tinting from unsafo currency, cannot be longer delayed wit - tont a magnificent ditregsfl of the public interns!. The subject thetefore couttnend ed your early attention. The repoit of the Commisiioners appointiid to contact Cut and superintend the erec tion of a ttionitment to the'rnemory of citizens of Pennsylvania, who were slain or It st their lives in the late war wi:h Mexico, will inform the Legislature of the proveedings-had ou that gubject.T, After noosing propo-da fit the erection of the monument, and, the doptiOn of a plan", it was determined, in iiew of the limited and inadetpotte approprittion made for the accomplishment of the .. purpose, by the last Legislatore, to Potpope the cant inencetnent of the wort: until fulthertegida• thin 'should bo had. _ It is the opinion of the Commissioners that such a moittocent at i would do credit - to the :Sign, and honor to the lising.un 1 the dead. cannot he built for a less stun than thi ty tl ousand . If the Legistature should concur iu that opinion, the appropriation should be increased ac cordingly, The report of the State Lihraian nill in form you of the prowys+ made In the cats logue authorized hy. the lag tep,Natore. and ' the•genaral condition of. the Library, which has grown to b'e an institution that deserves your fostering seta. I would commend to yoursttention the suggestions of the Lib ' rarian. The report of the Attorney General, which will ,be.laitl before yea,. will exhibit the ope ration of the 1 4 ,aw Department of the Govern ritent for the last•year. The Act of the %Tat of April, 1857, which 'requires the -Attorney General to keep an office at lintricbrirg. and which provides that all debts due to the Corn monwerilth shall he - collected by that officer. has ° proved to be a highly 14 . 3itencisl enact. , ment. tJn.ler its provisions large awna . are saved which' were formerly paid fur corn. mi?sions and-counsel fee.. And the improv ed state of our finances is id no inconsider-, able degree owing to the prompt manner in. *ilk+. oundidding'ohdind are collactixt paid into the State Treasury. ' I • The Adjutant General's report, which will before yoti, wilt show in detail the VOLUME XVI, NUMBER 2. pitsent coOditiop of the Military. Department. I would teapectfully call the attention of the Legislature t..) the recoottnetifiation of LIDA etne..r.. 'Tile Mi:i(ia Law of 1868 hasoot been fully tested; but it is believed to-be,. in She an hnpnreinent on the laws in force at the time of its passage. One of itslest features, and one that shoulT be strictly enfurced, is that the system is selkupportigg, In no contingency should that department . tte a charge upon the public T?easuty in time oy peace.. ' - • Iwo:ter' ing the attention of the Legislature to the elabn•r:{te repcut of the Audit.nr qen-' eral and State Treasur,r, relating to the Finauees of the State, which- will be laiirbe-- fore. you, I cannot refrain from giving -ire prev-Ittion to toy views on the impOrtance of. change in the mode of keepingand disbursing the public moneys. - - t • The State Treastirer rtieiv:eti and dilharsev between font; and gee Millions Of dollats.an nuaYty ; stud it not unvrequently happens that there is n balance in file Trenvury exceeding , one million of duitax.,.. The bond of the Thasitreri4 but fur eighty thonannd lie depLiti s the looney of the Stile . where ever he plem•es, and ti is paid exclu..ivoly on his own check. The monthly settlements with the Auditor• General atf.r..ll some F•ecuri- tr dint thr4.'tt i 14 of the ,Commonwealth can not be ii)ilspplied ; but it is entirely' insdo sitate to ~ t4te .coin p e o lutepsutectiof the public ~..: - • - : toterese.--::. - .:-.. , . . .. Until titillate ahall addiut A Jifferent* tern for the collection, safe-keeping, and die. bursedient of her . revenue, the money on _ hand ib - ust h 4 kerpt either in the Treasury vault or deposited with. the batiking;nstitu lions of the State. d respectfully recommend': that provision be made by law thatuo money .hall tie d4aited in any batik by the State Treaserer without requiting security to be first given to the Common weal , h\f,,r the re payment of the sums deposited—that all checks issued by the State Treasurer shall he counteiirigned by the Audit iGeileriti.before the} are used—and that ditily'acchnntsof the money ret•eived and 'paid shall be wept in the ' office of the Audit•T General, as well tts in Treasury Department. The Corinni.isioners spi , e4rtte , ? to revise tire Criminal Code of dd. Cemunontrealth, are pritgre.sing with the duties of their appoint. meet, and will report their retied code be fore the alaurement of the Legidat are. • T he various chaditittle and reformatory in stitutions, which have heretofore received pecuniary aw-istance fium the Mate,, such as 'the State Lunatic, Hospital. at Her ishurg, the We.te'rei Pennsylvania atspit el, at Pitts. burg, the Hou-o of Refug. at Philadelphia and PiA-burg, the Pennivlcabia 'Training School fbr .idi,,, is and feeble minded chil dren. the As lums for tbe Blind and Deaf . and Dumb, nt Philadelphia, the Northern Home for Frtendlees ehildrerLat Philadelphia —I recommend to your fekering ail and I Cars. The annual reports exiditiling R detail of the opertatie.us el these noble and excellent charities, during the past yeir. will be laid before you. I cannot recommend appropria ting t.. 1 charitable AsSo.tiations of it purely ' local character, hotifever praisweithy the oba jests and melves of their founders and sup. Vetter , . re. however us•tful they may •be to their partichlar local lea. The present cons itionTef . the revenues of the General Government, demonstrates the urgent}neeiroity of increased duties upon foreign importations., The people of Penn sylvania hare ever taken a lively interest in the proper adjustment of a tare; and they have with ringular unanimity, at all times, i favored such an asse,stnent of clatiekres would I not only produce rev e nue. but furnish the (largest incidetitsl prettection to he great mineral, manufacturing, and indtisttial inter eats of,the country. Had their voice hither ! to been ttiote potential in the- councEs of the j mni,rit, it is no .longer problematical that 1 inuetr of the pecuniary distress lately ex "lenienc:id by all 'classeev and conditions of flatness men might have been to a great 6X ; . tun t' averted. • ... . The nece.aties of the government and the people tr,ds.alike demand a change—an ie. creast,.44lpties —and I take great &eastire, in endorsing the views of the President of the United Slates. as expressed in - his, last B engal message, relative to the change proposed. iii. advocacy of specific duties on all "com modities which are generally sold by weight, at measure. aid wlikb_front their nature are of equal or nearly equal value- - -iluell as iron elf different ela , , , es, raw sugar, and foreign wines and spirits,' has met with a hearty re spowe from the great-.body u( the people of State.—lf is to be, oped thathis viewo on this question will he formality regarded by Com ress,anil that the action of the Federal - Government mar cm ierpond with the sag gestions of the President. When I was called up. to assume the Gebel nut ~it ehair, nearly , one year ago, in deference to public opinion ; sad my Own feel-- iift-+ a rapid rui,i-w of e.enta in Kansas, I stated,liiiii "ib too people of Pennsylvania the admission of a now State into the Union it to that Confederney of which The is it meinter , --enust be stall times fie Subject .of high intetest. And I believe I exprrsa their sentiments, as well as my. own, IN:Taring that all the qualigeti elect Ors of it' Tertitory should have a foil and fair opportunity to participive delegates to form a cansiituCion pr e paratory to the admission as a Staie, and, h-dui•ited by them, they should also be allawed an ouqualifi.n) right to vote upon such constitn i,u after it is.frained." Subsequent °tents have confirmed iirts is these sentiments. The deplorable divides in the fir t sea-i in of the present Congress,— the popular esaiieMent from these dispute', together with other proceedings in their nature novel- and alarming, would all have been livened, had the peoge been se-. (lured in 'the unqualified tight" to tote upon their rTorneatio institutions. T regret' to lie compelled to arty, that; under various pre tences,thio soured franchise had beeir virtually withheld from them. When•they refused to accept the Lecompton Constitution, made for , them by delegates representing the they Werss exiilieitly denied . the privilege of . making their own oonotitution, unless upon a condition not previously exacted.. g they accepted theiLeconiploti Constitution, their.entered the sisterhood of the States at • Oiese,.- with a -.popdration Coss than cine Of;the askst:ng ratio Of Congressional repir,sentattonl but, if they refused that Constittitihn i could not he admitted into ton :Union; rvitit the Constitution of their ehOicir; Until:ll4Y worts 'ready fo otmer by a formal ceinatis'ithat
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