El 1.F 4 READ .4e I :TEE . A.PRIL SiIOWEEL . towanto c. • — u t• ead, ' cagiest dayi heard a e fairies trooping ore/bend • - after drop the rrsiz i g th rer fen: - after drop . like ben t Or eldn's horn, caned his tnuanerecl hosts arooird, And old erkrtlt boupd Till comic dawn. I . • Loid cried the Pay: "-‘lThil i l. chill winds sigh, Through every - wood and • ey. fly, That blossoming, the lightiball see • I The violet andanemonel , • ' Forth from my Wirers . . • ..,. Ca! out the skyhtrits, gem o grass, -The mountain • Refresh with era! Th* snow-white palfreys., r4teing free, With tinkling hoofs swept quick by me. And then my dreano wrought ships at set; and one that trout some eaStern land Boi - e balm and spices, and band • 6 .of . captivegirts; Her white sans glistened 'nkath the. eli.inds; And all her. shrouds Seemed hung with pearls. Wo could not dream while spice7winda blow, rock hiss vessel Wand fro?. p 49 after drop the spring rain fell— p afte,r drop: I slumbered well; Ard when I woke; the garden bowers And tufted'flowen • Remained to tell • • bat what our disappointments know' ram life's cold rain and drifting snow, canceled by a love that dwells : • te jessamines Um:l - asphodel', deli with a trusting fiiithi incline" To the sunshine Their quivering _ I • .• • 1 • A P R-TL • -...- BT LOSCITTZLOW: : • ' ‘.. . ' n,tx the warm sun, tha l t hrs . • time and harvest, has returned again, *Ltd ' woad , eet to t the still where s PrEng. , &first flower of the plain. i love the sea‘toilren; _ forest glades Fare teeining.with Welt Smeary ark and many-teldeil ckkeds. foretell e coming-in . ' inm the earth's I9osened mould - The sapling . draws its sasteisaiieei and thrives: 'Though stricken-to the heart with winter's cold, The 4rooping tree revives . • . . . [I • [ • . - The softly' Nartpled soreg .. Comthro' the pleasant woods, and colored rims 4 k :nn Are - g in the goldett,sun, along r . forest openings.. .I - nd when bright sunset fills , _ The barer woods with light ; the green align throws Itsehadows in the hollows:of the hills, _ . i r ind . wide the upland glows. ... - I Lind when-Life day is gone, N • lailie blue like, the sky, o'erreachirm• far, Is billowed out, and the moon dips her horn; Lt.nd twinkles many a- star.; • • • dnrertedlin the tide stand the•gr y rocks, and trembling shadmrs throw, And the fair tieeg look over, hide by side, ;And see themzelvesbehte. , Sweet Apnl, many a tfiOught edded unto thee,.as be are wed; shall theyfail, till, to its autumn hrouiht, Life's golden fruit is shdd. SMITHS OF ; `LSD DV/MURES WITH' d BOBBER, nr PACL cr tEros. -4 . , • THE Smith's of Smithville had-fer 'a long tirde been very /finch artnoyed by the depre dsBon.l, of some unknoWn individual, _whose. • Ifused ideas concerning the rights of prop in, . i led to the freque4 abitraetion of ‘divers g*.s and chattels from,' the premises of the said Smiths, in a furtive and ; misterious 'n4nner. Bags of wheat and of oats vanish- . .e from the granary, pUrk . from -4 the cellar, and corn from the crib, in one night: A sheep that had just been slaughtered ,' coolly tri ,tted away; and - rifi another occasion, sev erfd gallons of syrup, evaporated in a night time. Milking shooli went (eon their three le;s , and one morning Mr. Smith's best axe w 'found to have " cut stick." 'lag chains , became rattlesnakes, and crept off;' iron wed l ges made splits in the . Smiths, property; , bO r pti walked Away ; and Lire 1 e jack rode off on tlt, sawkorse. • . Vain were all t ' of the elder and younger Smith to discover the Mystery of oesdisappearances, and to en -trap the of fender. Despairing to I:iritie him, to justice, the Smiths found - they couledo nothing more thamto take measures to insure the safety of their property. Accordingly they - built a new greinaiy, with strung walls, a narrow rimed window, and a heavy oaken. door, to ulhich was attached a formidable padlock.— 'i l his prisorsiike porfiori of the barn was built s flicientl3:, large to allow the Smiths to lock 4 with tie grain a• great deal of portable properiy,''such as was Most likely to tempt he cupidity of thievel. • After the-granary was f i nished,, a month ssed, during which time the depredations f the rotlber or robbers ' were, confined to he orchard and hen-roost ; when, late one undav evening ' the elder Smith, as be wa-i , a tting trilped back against the kitchen wall, smoking his pipe preparatory s to retiring, be ,, ght hirn that he hid neglected to loek,the canary l?efore leaving the berm. - This was. y nu means a. singultir eircunistanee-con rid ering-, that the granary wris.usualli locked [by the yOunget Smith who had that , night . . gouell courting." ' It tins a moonlight evening,add Mr. Smith ansapproaching the birn, was considerably. startled at seeing the door ajar. -Certain of haying shut the door an hour previousdy,Mr. Smith thought -of robbers. Hii '.suspicion wa§ confirmed, when; on a nearer approach, he plainly heard a Movement in the barn.-4- Tuo 'cautious to endanger his life by boldly attacking 'the tubber, Mr. Smith, - With oan siderable trepidation, resolved to watch his movements, and discover who Le war:. -Looking through a crack in the east side, of the barn, he saw adim, gboet-like figure. glide across the floor toward the granary.— A'haPPy. _thought entered Mr. Sneittes brain!' Stealinu b into the barn, he crept silently along by the mow, until-sear the granary, when-- slap t, he s h u t the door, adjtested the padlock, Curved the key. 141 was off fur his life ! - ' It is impossible; to ;say'.What made Mr. 'Booth tremble so; It inight .have been the smothered cry of alarm ,teat issued from the granary walls'arul fing fully OP his ears --a cry well calculated to awaken supersti tious fear. But ;hfr. Smith never owned that he w - as frightened; although,-on reach, sag the'kitaien'he was as white as a ghost, or as ghosti are - supposed tO be. . s ME EMZ2! ----------7 .• - -- • -•,. --- 7 - : : , :..i -..1 7.'• rI , k;' , , ,, i...., , -,:".. : : , ;:, i:: - i;- . :71* , -` :• '. ..,,:: ."....1:', . . . . - . .. .. .. . . ...... , . . -_. ... ...a. . , , • , • \ ' . . ..' . , . . . :..- ;.. ;r'i ' .- .. • . .'- ~.... .. - •, . • 1 ~, ' 4 41. 0 ),, - - :„A1..,,7 4. r _ ' • - 7- - --; ,z : ..- -ci- - . -&-; 4 -.-, ••• - . - ..:,' . - . .., ,, :7 , - - t : ."' .:'.,' .. - .. .. • - - _ . . ' - . • - . Ili . .. . . r '.- • - "...• • t••• • •, - •••• : .„•:- -,...:::.; . ...,. • • .. . , , • • . if. . . . . I . • • . . •-. • . . ..-. • .•`'•*--..:.•-`,- - -rr - `.- -'•:..,' -- "e_i"-••-• 1 " .. • t• . , . . .... . . . .. • r . . .. •-• 4' ....: .. , •,....• ~. , . , "'Whist's the matter now r - Cried , - rye caught the robber!" ejaculated Mr. Smith in a breath: . IL He's tacked iip in the graiary —give me my . " 4, Why —why—what are ybn going to do!" Li Get help ! he's a desperate fellow, and it. will be dangerous to Meddle with him all alone." It is impossible to desc r ibe the excitetnelit of Mr: and Mrs. Smith, on that memorable occasion. The latter took' It upon herself to load the old musket, While her, husband went for the neighbors. • • . Mr: Smith exchanged. his slippers- foti boots, and ran first to - Deacon NatTles' house, where he expected to find thejounger whO was courting Naffles' daughter._ -Ile was surprised to see the !rouse all dark, as It the Nafileses had •all retired •to 'rest, and blown _out the multi. He knocked, however, furl-, ously as the occasion required. After some delay, Deacon Naffles came down in night clothes, stared' at Smith in astonishment, and demanded his 'business at that,time of night. " Caught the thief—lockeil nary--where's Increase 'I" /. • "Ha ! caught a thief!" cried Deacon Nat. 'ilea / who, having 10 - st some property, well as his neighbor, was interested- in the intelli genre—good enough—keep him till,' 'morn': ing !". !" replieS Mr. Smith in, an ex cited manner.' -" lle's a desperate fellow— 'break must rouse the 'neighbors .r. where's my son Increase I" "'Oh, Sally is sick, to-night—so Increase courted_ her only about an tour, and went home." - • "," Went hoMe!" "Yes," said the Deacon , "half er v hour ago."• The' elder Smith dapped his hand to his forehead, as if he had been struck, either by an idea, or some weighty suhstanee. "Gracious!" be exclaimed. " What? asked the Deacon. "I believe," said the elder Smith, "I have locked up— ' " Who ?"- _ " Incriase !" " I .bez you ha're !" cried the Deacon. 4 2 I heard him say he had-got to carry the buggy lustrions into the granary before' be went to - xi" Look here, whispered the elder Smith, "I beg of you newer to mention this—lif tots sboutd ger _ " Oh, I'll keep'the secret.," interrupted the Deacon, trying to preserve, a becoming graV iti. -"The joke is safe, and I'd advise yOu tt hurry home and let Increase out.", 'rThe elder Smith turned on his - heel and vAnished, feeling very weak—probably the effect of the excitement he rind undergone. Let us wow look in %upon the younger Smith, who was actually shut in the granary. It is in - Tr-AO:Me to describe his rage on find ing himselrhus entrapped. • After shouting until he was)iparse an nearly deaf,lie closed his teeth;:angriV, and sat down on a bag of meal, to await the re s ult, Increase had not been long in the dark dungeon before he heard a noise in the barn. Supposing it was the old man who, having discovered his.error, was coming to liberate him, his anger evaporated; and be could 'not help but laugh at' the ludicrous mistake. But there was-a mystery about the sounds . he heard, "Which tensed th e lounger Smith to doubt whetberAffey - were made by his father after all. lie Listened. The key turned cau tiously in the lock. ,Slowly and stealthily the door opened, while Increase scarcely breathed. Someliody entered noiselessly, touched ygung'Smith's shimlder as he prised, and began to explore the ,ferther part of the dungeon. Inereise dropped on his hands and knees, and, taking •ndvantage, of the noise made by the robber, crept out. Then to shut the door and lock it, was the work of a mo ment: ' Scnnet.ody was locked up. Listening a momer.t,and hearing do sound, Increase became firmly convinced that lie had committed no error, but caught a real thief, and he went immediately 'for asatistance. Shortly after,-and very much ashamed of his mistake, the elder Smith sneaked into the barn and approached the granary. It is nee ea:ary in this place to observe that the elder Smith locked up his son with the key that belonged to the granary and - which he had carried' with hitp, and that Increase locked up the thief with a false key ; which the latter had brought with him, and carelessly left in the lock, on entering the granary, and which the younger Smith had carried away. And rinw4e elder Sniith made haste to - . open the sdo. "Increased" he cad, putting his bead in to the granary. No sound answered. Are you asleep?" Come--don't go -to playing any trieks on tree — it was all a mss. take,-for \ I really took you to be a - rob--" Mr. Smith's voice was stopped by a . vio lent, blow on the mouth. Mr. Smith; in an instant, was tumbled down amidst a wilder ness of barreis, bags, rakes, and shovels.— Mr. Smith-Was tomsideribly stunned by the blow and the fall ; and when Mr: Smith got upon his feet again, the door was closed 'and locked.. Mr. Smith was a prisoner. I leave the reader 'to imagine his feelings. Meanwhile Increase was raising forces to assist in taking the thief out of the granary in safety. Having first told his story to Mrs. Smith, who was exceedingly astonished, be hastened' to inform Joe Ferris, a stout fel low, who lived in the woods near by, and whd had complained of losing quite as much 'propertras the Smiths. Mrs: Ferris • put -her head out of the window, and wished to knew what Increase wanted. The young man asked for Joe. After some hesitation, the woman replied that her husband had the headache, and could-not get up. , " It's very important," said Increase. " I've caught the thief; and locked him up in the granary." • • " Oh—have you 1" said Mgt: Ferris, in a feeble voice: " How fortunate But as my husband has the headache, I think you had better keep the man till . morning.". "No--we'll haie him to-night!" cried In crease. :And away he ran.' • Now, if the younger Smith thought he was regaling Mrs. Ferris with Smith_ tidings, he was tonsiderahly - in error. ; The reader may guess the cause of her agitation ' when inform him that there was no-: Joe Ferris sick with the headache in the . hfiiie. - But Mrs. F. was s woman of energy and decision. She aught, up a hammer, threw a over her bead, and Left the hoUse-.7 i " o.• . m:Ex.6.oiNts:p,OJ i - ...11)00.72)4:0.41)-0,,or OLaVIER:7 nm =I MEM MEM , She was soon in M•, Smith ' s barn, wish her band on ;he granar - door. - -1 - " Iqiie I 3 she ,ispered. . No reply. • - . - s i "JossiA—it is, ' —are you here ?" she added, knocking on The dr. ..- "Let. the out, , d the Voice within. Withoot any fur er delay, Mrs. Ferris, .having thrown the am door wide open, so that she eould see to perform her operations, oommennea hammet,4 the padlock in a most distinctive manner; ii - Now, Mr. &kith, who was' within, wasex T .ceedmgly astoelbet at what he beard. Bel, certainty kvistit4l to le let out, but he had no sat _desire to lave/the p Block smashed without first trying other ni its. Something like site truth, however, fl ed upon his mind, when he reflect that th .person who was -break ing the 14ek had ea led him Joseph, and that the voice was marvelously like a woman's. W,ithgreat anxiety, of mind he waited for e / tioor Ito open. i / olkt length the loi Mni. Ferris whisper 7 , "Come quick, J to lase, They'll b ...hS e caught e stopped, 'looking eal Mrs. Ferris sereo •than the moonligho Mr. Smith was recovering hj4 considering the , " You 'are out l, to-night, Mrs. - Ferris. Allow me to see u home." - She could not rse his arm ; and when she saw that hew conducting her to his house, istead of r own, she, had not the power t say awod, or make - , Ow least re sistance, 1 • 4 k was torn away, and ed— • se ph l There's no l t -i une ! here in'a minute !" 1 .dy by the arm,and both t t other in the thee. •• , •, and turned -paler . - d dropped her hammer, defy less astonished ; but, • he said, rather coolly, .• •ioh— , ED . toil lady's eelings, on being brought Ire. Smith, can be more . easily imag t describeln her fear and cor.fu c ,1 confessedtome startling truths, and Ts, and oq her knees, begged , her !jeer friend'+d to be merciful, and not to #r.'"- Mrs. Smith recovered &ton her' at, and e lainied, " I never! I ncv. , l i r Ter !" and , . r. Smith, who was not excited ~ or the three, indulged in ially senstile remarks.. 1 chile, hfr..,loe Ferris, who was the to -had is en 'the `yobnger Smith's. t he granae , end given it up-in turn der Stnit went home by a circuit r , wonder gby what strange acci- The go l before hied than sion, they with tear " kind, ii; i l expose amaziSm er! the least some e Mean. man . why place in to the el ous rout dent he ulatinz reached called b and saw "Joe of the yl sire read get caught, and e.ongr-st n his escape. Lie had name in the road, he turned, , - going by. hat you 1" cried the voice ith. "Come on, if you it Bill Hodges and Mr. ppenect s himself 1S Vu-,r; sometx three to Fen is, is lounger Sn V. • I've ;_ td I think t the nun ou would headwitef Blake, a thief , - .1) 1 1 I knew 1 of your veil be eiough• for one • the inerrier,so come on. in for the fun, in spite N as.iate a- much in the dark now, en he was loked up in The granary ; on •luding, it would be best to put a a' . on the a atter, and accoinpany, In ., e dechire`himself ready,and jumped h. fence. , t first he was afraid of itting himse f, but.the conversation by 1 aY showing im, as he thought, how ound lay, If laughed heartily at the manner in ‘queh the thief was caught, danteered t be the first to enter the .y where he• -as confined, lit - the same 3 uckling jokusly at the , anticipation younger Smit'h's dismay, on finding, . of a thie4tis own father under lock y! th great gle4, the men proceeded. at • the granar, where increase proposed g his compel ions, to go into the house ' a tern, and see if his father had re- upon whi h Joe Ferris laughed all s If' adlitsed the younger Smith to . e a ingithe old man, it he was to I . 1 110 I. " cried• Bill Hodges; "the grans -1 I is open ! he thief has broke out !" se camei ack, filled with COrir‘terna oe Feiris was not less surprised.— r nge.even 4 of the night were involv. 1. eeper myrery than ever, when the nith, having heard the 4proach of and histhiripanions, made . his up- te with a likht. , •,v-,,. 10, neigh or I" cried Joe,- Ferris, is all this. bout l Increase - Imi been • about thieves." . eclare; fathe said the ~ younger " after yoq shut me up I glint up a l i ef, and !al him - in niy place." now; your mother has told rne;" re- - 1 e elder Siaith. " And when I came , ou out- all.! groaried Increase.— Ise it awhy !" " 01' " He, h,l OE and shu me up." il , - " A d ow di - you get out V' "Nk hy, the th :f's a ife had the kindness to came and b're. k the lock:" So iaytng, thelelder Smith held the lant ern upl to the flee of Ferris, who turned ghastly white, aid trembled as if he had been in an ague tit. The i i o whole affiir was now explained, to. the as - nishmen of everybody in general, and .I e in . parti ular, who Was: too much as tonished to mak • any resistance, while In creasetand his ompanions were tying • his handst is was hi . , Fer is was ai ommodated with lodgings in Mr, Sinith's tiouse that night; and, on the 1 following day, wsearch having been institut ed, an# all kind of goods found on Joe's prem: -:, he an ii Eis wife were _both corrimit- 4 h ed to ail to w t.t...eir trial. , . W :lt their • itence was, when convicted of the crime chcrged against them, I have quite orgottcn ~ but. it is certain that the good .prop! -- of StititlOille were troubled no more with 'e mysterious disappearance of - their good. and chat • Is, 'and that the Smiths s m. mem . •r, with # . uliar satisfaction, the man ifold •i istakes s . ...mmitted on the night of their :dveuture-; with the rubbers. : It is 'tt , ood thing to fear a crop whicl4 shall ne ,. you , $5OO or a $l,OOO a t year 4 but it is 3 better thing to rear e- crop cf id as which all net you moral and ,men. tai evation ; hich shall fit yogi , Tor the' place we all A, u a pqt and pared of this reat Ri übliean experiment. Live 'dow; with all our heart, and all your mind, and II your so I, that old brutal notion that a fist- er must eeds be uncouth, and un fieru t, and unsocial, and ignorant. ' There mayhave been* excuse ; fir -it in the old days. Itontesttui, INNIE O:NTR,QSE, THURSpA I Y I APRIL 22; 1858. EISEd EXTRACT From Me Speeek_OlSeneflOr DOUGLASi on the Admission of Samar'-delipered ifarch 22, 1858: ' Mr. Pretident. In the copme of the debate on this bill, before I waiimompelled to absent myielf from the Senate on account of sick ness, and I presume the same has been the case during my absence, much was said on the slavery question it connection with the admission of Kansas. Many gentleman have labored to produce the impression that the whole opposition to the admission arises out of the fact that the' Lecompton Constitution makes Kansas a Slave State. lam sure that no gentleman here will do Me the injustice to assert or suppose that my opposition is pred icated on that.; censideMtion, in view of the fact that My speech against the admission of 'Kansas under the • Lecompton Constitution was made on the' 9th ! of Deeembar, two weeks before the votekiwas taken upon the slavery clause in Kansas, and when the gen, eral impression was that the pro-slavery, clause would be excluded. J predicated my opposition then, as 1 do:now, upon the ground that it was a violation of. the fundamental principles of government, a violation of pop ular sovereignty, a violation of the Democrat ' ie platform, a violation of all party platforms, und a fatal blow to 4116 independbnce of the new states. I told y4u then that you had no more right to force a free-State Constitution upon•a- people against their will than you had to force a - slave-State Constitution: Will gentlemen say that, on the other side; slave ry has no influence in producing that united,. 'almost unanimous support, which we find from gentleman living in one section of the Uniontin favor of the Lecompton' Constitu tion 1_ If slavery hadnothing to - do with it, would there have been so much hesitation about Mn Calboun*deelaring the result .of the election prior to , the vote in Cong Ass 1 1 submit, then,whetber we ought not to dis card .the slavery question altogether, !Ind - ap proach the real, ,question before us fairly, calmly;dispassionately ' and decide whether, bat for the , slavery- clause, this Lecompton Constitution amid receive a vote .in either ci Iluse of Congress: wer o . it not for the slaVery clause, would there be any objection to sending it back to the people for ';a rote 1 Were enot for the slavery clause would there be any objection to letting Kansas wait until she had ninety thousand people, instead WQra it not for the of coming into the Union with not over forty five or fifty thousand ? s l avery pestion. would Kansas have occupied any considerable portion of our thoughts ? Would it have divided and distracted politic al parties so as to,ereate bitter and acrimo nious feeling ? I say now to our. Southern friends, that I will 'act on 4liis question on the right of the people to .ckeide for them selves, irrespective of the fact , whether they decide for or against slavery, provided it be submitted to-alairyote AL a fair election, and with horit'returns, In this eonnection there is another topic to which I desire to allude. - I seldom refer to coursethe of new , papers, or notice' the arti cles wttii.th they publish in regard to myself; bUt the course-of the Washington Union has been so extraordinary for the last _ two or three months, that ( think it well enough to make some allusion to it. It has read mg out of the Deiriocratic party every other day, at least, for two ort.three months, and keeps reading me out, {laughter 0 and, as if it had not succeeded, still continues to read me out, using such terms as " traitor," "renegade," "deserter," Qnd other kind and polite epi thets'of that nature; "Sir, I have no vindica tion to make of IntlYeloocracy against the Washington Unicit7 or any other newspaper. I am willing to allow triy history and action for the last twenty ycars'to speak for them elves as to my political principles, and my fidelity to-political obligations. The Wash ington Union has a _personal grievance.— When its editor was vote fur public printer I - declined to vote for him, and stated that at some time I might give my reasons for doing so. Since I declined to give that vote,. this scurrilous abuse, these vindictive and . constant attacks ;have been repeated al most daily on me. There is one article hi an issue of that - paper which I, ask my friend from' Michigan to read. N. I Mr. Stuart then road an editorial article from the Washington Union of November 17, 1857.. Mr. Douglas. Mr. President.; you here find several distinct propositions advanced boldly by the Washington Union, editorially and apparently authoritatively, •and' every roan who questions any of them is denounced as an Abolitionist, a Free Soiler, a fanatic. The propositions are, first, that the primary object of sill government at its original insti tution is the protection of person and proper ty ; second, that the Constitution of the Unit ed States declares that the citizens of each State shall be entitle.] to all the privileges and immunities of citizens in the several 1 States ; and • that, 'therefore, thirdly ; nil State laws, whether org•Xnie or otherwise, which prohibit the citizens of one State from 'settling in another with their slave property, and especially declaring it forfeited, are di- . rect viOlations If the original intention-of the Government and Constitution of the United States ; and.fourth that the emancipation of the slaves, of the Northern States was a gross outrage on the Tights of property, inasmuch as it was involuntarily done on the part of the owner. - Remember that this article was published in the Unioa_on the 17th of November, and on the 18th appeared the first article giving the adhesion of the Union fp the Lecompton Constitution. It was in these words : " KANSAS AND HER CONEDUTDTION.—The vexed questionis settled.., The problem is solved. The dread point of danger is passed All serious trouble to Kansas affairs is over and gOne" ' and a column nearly of the same sort. Then when you come to look into the Lecompton mr. Constitution, you find thesane doctrine in corporated in it.which was pu th editori- Ali in the Union. What is it 'l Article 7. Section 1. The right of ptioperty is before and higher than any con stitutional sanction ' • and the right of the ow. ner of a stave to such slave, and_ increase in the same, arias inviolable as the right of the owner o f any, Whatever." Then in the schedule is a provision that the Constitution may be arnended. , after 1864 by a two-thirds 'vote. " But no alteration shall, be mad affect the right - of property in the wnere of slaves." WEE It will be seen by these ell compton Constitution, that t in spirit with this authoritat Washington Union of the a endorsement of this Constit man is branded as a. Free-S. tiortist who does not 'stamen proposition is advanced that acts of New York, of New sylvania, and of New 'Jersey tutional, were outrages property, were violations of of the United States. The vanectil that-a Southern man move fronrSouth Carolina, into Illinois, to settle there, there as slaves, anything in and laws of ll!inois to the standing. The proposition of Virginia has rights in a the citizen 'of a free State ca We prohibit ourselves fro within our limits ; end yet, doctrine, a citizen oflentuu to our State, bring in on with him, and hold them of the Constitution and laws If that proposition is true, Democratic partysis false. the Ransas-Nebraska bill is, and-each Territory shall be to form and regulate its do in its own way, subject oul tion of the United States." inois has the'sovereign righ rv, a right as undeniable a. eigtay of Virginia may au ence. We have the same it that you have to recogni Each State is sovereign wit of powe'rs, sovereign in res mestic local institutions corns. So long as you re s ! institutions to suit yourselv but when • you claim the rig / laws and, our Gmstitution! right to form our,institution I protest against it. The sorted in this Leeompt it as stated that the righ slaves is "before and high• tutional sanction," Mr. President, I recog,ni slaveholding States to regu stitutions,p claim the sers under their owri State laws ed to perform each and ev ligations under the Constit. States in respect to them ; mit, and I do not think 16 1 nrting, that their right of is higher than and above gations; is independent of gations. When you rclyi tion'and upon your own When you go beyond - and zi al obligatiOn, I know not is. If this doctrine is fru( higher than the Constitutioi Constitution, it' peccssaril State cannot abolish it, cani the doctrine of trie Washit the emancipation laws wei rights of property, and stitution, becomes the fay When I saw that article The 17th of November, fo] rification of the L'ecompto the 18th of November,ani Constitution asserting , the State has a right to prohi its limits, 1 saw'that thero being struck at soverel of this Union, a death-bloc subversive of the Democr of the prineiples s upon whl party have ever, stood, andi they ever will stand.' Be traordinary doctrines, I de the editor of the Washingt lie printer ; . and for that re I have been read out itor of the Union, at t from that time to this: questioti : Who has dese •ie party and the Demoe who stands by the sover Stales to establish, abolisl very as it pleases, or, he strike down the sovereigt and combine all power in erunlent, and establish an a confederacy , The principles upon whit' campaign of 1856 was foul present Chief Magistrate high position he now °map to the country. At least, I am authorized to state clearness and precision, s( question is concerned. Illinois are prepared to st upon which the battle of It was First, The migration o groes into the country ha ed since 1808—never ag —.each State will take ca ed population. Second, That ,while n zens of the United States, titled to political equalit , should enjoy all the right munities which they are consistent with the . safety community where they li Third, That each Sut judge and determine for and extent of these rig Fourth, That while e and will maintain and p of the slaveholding State itself, maintain and defen within its own limits, to their own domestic 'limit way, - subject.only to thej United States Fifth. That, in the chanan's letter of accept tial nomination, the Neb no more than,gire the f , ementary principle of s it declares the people of of a State, shall decide er slavery shall or shall .These were the gen which we maintained th ery question—the right cide for itheif; that s. n rights as he was caps I could enjoy, consistent! , welfare 0f ... society ; and decide for itself the nati, scriptiun of those rights if you choose in Noi, slaves, it is your basin g W7ROMO." • uses in the t.e. ey are 'Lien thud we article in the .1 previous to hi don l and every der and Abell e to them. The he'emancipation gland, of Penn. were oneonsti a the right 'of ithe Constitution r eposition is ad lhas a right to ith his negroes, and hold,them the Constitution utrarh_notwith• s, that a citizen ee State !Aich . of himself have. holding slave, ecording to this y can-move in- hundred slaves ~such in defiance • f our own State. he creed of the IThe principle of that "each State eft perfectly free estic institutions to the Con.stitu- I claim that 'ln to prohibit slave that the sQver hatize its , exist lett to prohibit e and protect it. in its own sphere et to its own do and internal con=. ; late your lOcal s, we are content ; t to override our These were the principles on which our - institutions were established.. -' These are the principles on which theinemocratic party has ever fought its battlek. - This attempt now to establish the doctrine that a Free .State has no power to prohibit slavery, that our eman cipation acts are unconstitutional and void, that they were outrages on the rights of prop erty, that slavery, is national and not local, that it goes everywhere under the Constitu tion of the. United States, and yet is higher than the Constitution, above the Constitution, beyond the • reach of sovereign power,' exist ing by virtue of that higher law proclaimed by tire Senator front New Ydrk, will not be tolerated.' When the doctrine -of a higher lak a law above the C,onstitution,a law over riding the Constitution, and imposing obliga tions upon public men in defiance of the Cm stittnion, -was first proclaimed in the Senate, it was deemed Moral treason in this body ; but ntw I am read out of • the party , three times a week by. the Washington rhapn, for disputing this higher . law,. which is embodied in the Lecompton Ginstitution, that slavery, the right to slave property, does not depend upon human law nor Constitutional sanction, but is above and beyond and, before all con stitutional "sanctions and obligations! E I feel bound, as a Senator from a sovereilmi State, to repudiate and rebuke his doctrine.,!. I -ern bound as a Democrat, bond as an Arnerican citizen, bound as a Senat r 'claiming' in kep resenLa sovereign State, enter my protest, and the protest of my constitueney,..against such a doctrine. ._When Ver such a doctrine shall be engraftedillin th - e.policy of thi s 'emu -10 try, you . - Will have revolu ionized the Povern ment, annihilated.th4 . vereignty of the States, established ir n lidated despotism with uniformity of 1I institutions , and that uniformity being slave y, existing by ,Divine right, and a higher law beyond the reach of\ slave y, Constitution and o human authority. I Mr. President; if my protest agar st this! interpolation into the policy of this country or the creed of the Democratic party is to - bring me under the ban, I am ready to meet the issue. lam told that this ,. Leeompton Constitution is a party test,-apaiti measure; that, no man "is a Democrat who ' (hies not. sanction it, who does not vote to bring Kan.' sas into.the,Union with the Governtrient ,tin:: that Constitution.„ Str, who made it a party:, test ? , Who made it a party measure?. Cer4 tainly the party hits not assembled. in ecinvert-: tion to ,ordain any such thing to Aie.ti party measure. I know of but one State: conven tion that has endorsed it. It has not been : declared to be a party. measure by titate con ventioas or by national convention, di ,by a• Senatorial caucus, or by a caucus of the dem.; ocratie members Of the House of Represent atives. Dew, then;came it to be a.; party • measure.? The Democratic party laid down its creed at its last national convention.— That creed is unalterable:lir four years; ac cording tothe•rules and practices of the par •ty. Who, has interpolated this Ledompton constitution into the .party platform? " land deny our to suit ourselves, me doctrine is as nstitu tion. There of propeky in than any consti- the right of the late their local .in [ice of their slaves , and [ am proper. ;•ry one of my ob. tion of the United .but I do not. ad. •y are safe in as. property in. slltves 9nstitutiiinnt obli • nstitn ti onal osbl pen the Constitu vs you are safe.— hove constitution .hdre your safety ,that slavery is and above the , follews that a pit prohibit it, and g ton Union, that e outrages on the lawns of the Con- in the Maio; of lowed by the &- Constitution on this clause in the doctrine .that no sit slavery within was a fatal blow gnty of the States to Stag rights, tic platform Red h the Democratic ufon which I . trust use of these ex lined to vote for sn Union for pub. use!, as I•suppose,, -party, by the ed ' every other day air, I submit the ted the Democrat. 'tic platform—be. igu rights of the , and prohibit sla. who attempts to ty of the States, one central Gov empire instead of h the Presidential :ht, on which the , as brought to The es, are well known in Illinois, I think hat they were with far as the. slavery e Democracy of nd . on the platform 856 was fought.— Oh! but we art told that it is an ridininis tration measure. Because it is an tidminis'- tration measure, does it therefore follow that importatin of ne, ing been, prohibit in to be renewed eof its own coJor- it is a party measure? Is it the right of an administration .to 'declare what are party measures and what are not ? That has been attempted heretofore, and it has failed: When John Tyler prescribed a creed toNie Whig party, his right to do so was not tespected. When a certain doctrine in regard to the neutrality laws was proclaimed to be a party measure, my friends around me 4iere eonsid. ered it a "grave error," and it was not re spected. When the army bill was proclaim. ed an administration measure, the authority to make it so was put at defiance; and the Senate rejected it by asvote of four, to one, and the House of Representatives voted it down by an overwhelming majority. is the Pacific Railroad - bill a party- measure I should like to see whether the guillotine is to be applied to every, recreant renegade who does not come up to that test: Is the' bank rupt law a party -measure?'We shall see, when the vote is taken, how -- miny renegades there *ill be then. Was the loan b.jll an ad ministration measure ; or a party measure? Is the guillotine to be . - apphid to every . one who does notyield implicit obedienceto the be. .heats of ah Administration in power' There is infinitely more plausibility in declaring each of the measures to which I hav just al luded to be an Administration me:Lllre than in declaring the Lecompton Constitution to be such. By what eight dotty the Administra tion' take . cognixance of the „Lecompton Con. stitution ? r- • The Constitution of the United States says that "new States May - be admittedkinto , the Union by the Congress;" not by -the Presi dent, not by the Cabinet, not by tha' Admin istration. The Lecompton Constitution itself says," this Constitution shall be submitted to the grass of the United States ait it 4 next session;" not to the President, tKit, to the 'egroes are not citi- I and hence not en- with whites, they privileges and itn - 1 pable exercising; and welfare of the and Territory must `itself of ,the nature i ts and privileges. h free-State should tect all the rights each for its sovereign right form :and regulate tions in their own Constitution of the nguage' of lir; flu ! Ix* of the Preilde 4ka-Kansas act dbes inof law to this el. if•-government, when Territory, like those thernselves - w heth- I not exist withiii their F I propositions on canvass on the slav of each State to de gro should have such k of enjoying, and with the safety and `hat each State should re and extent and de .. d privileges Hence, Carolina to have and not outs, If 1 H. H. FRAiI.g.R , we chose , in Illinois to prohibit, slavery, our right, and you must not interfere wi If New York chooses to give privileges . • • negro which we withhold, it is her - right to extend them, but she "must' not attemPt to force us to do the same thing. Let each 2 State take care of its own affairs, min its own business, and let its neighbors alone, tett there will be peace io the .country. , hen. ever you attetept.to enforce uniformity, and, judging that a peculiar institution is , for you, and therefore good- for everybody 'else, try to forceit on everybody, you will I find that there will be tesistaece to the demand. Our Government was - not formed on thelidea that there was to be uniformity,of loyal laws or local institutions. It was founded upon the supposition that there must be diversityl and variety in the institutions and Jaws. ;,Our fathers foresaw that the local institutions which would suit the granite hills of pleve Hampshire would be ill adapted to thei rice plantations, of South Carolina. Theulforo, saw that the institutions which would well adapted to the mountains and valleys ofßenn 'sylvania would not suit the plantation, inter. csts of Virffinia. They foresaw that thatreat , diversity of i climate, of production, of-inter ests, would require a corresponding diversity of local laivs and local institutions. For this reason, they provided for thirteen separate States, each ivith-a separate Legislature ; and each State sovereign within its own sphere, With the right to make its local laws and lo cal institutions to suit itself; on the supposi ion_ that they would be .as different and di versified aa the lumber OYStates - themselvek. Then the General Government • was Made, with a Congress having limited and Specified powers, extending only 'to thoie subjects Which were national and not local, which' were Federal and not State. UIiLISHER---4 014. 4.140. 143. Cabinet, not Ito the Adnainistration.' The convention in Kansas did not send it. to the Administration, did not - authorize lb to het sent to the President, but directed itAto -bef sent'to Congress ; and the President or the United States only got held of it through - the+. cominission of the surveyorteneral, Ist also president of the Lcoampton Convention.. The Constitution as made was ordered to bat [t is !ti it. the . sent directly to Congress; Congress batiste power to admit States, and - - the Presides. having nothing to . do with'-it.. The 'lnomenil you pass a law admitting a State it minted itself.' It is nota law toexecuted by the II President or by the Adini istratiom It is the last measure on earth t t could be right , fully made an Administration .measurf.: It is not usual for the Constitution 'of a nest State'to come to Congress Through the hernia of the President. True, the, Minnesota Cods ititution was sent to the, President because the Convention of Mineesota directed it to be so sent ;_ and the President sebmitted it to us without any recommendation. Because Senators and Representatives' do not yield their judgments and their consciences, and bow in abject obedience to the requirernents ot an Administration in regardto a measuro on which iheadministration are not required -to 'act at all, a system of proscription, of pees secution, ii to be adopted against/ every . matt . who maintains his selfTevect, his own.sucig, ment, and his own conscience. ' - I,do nut recognize the right of the Brest; dent, or his Cabinet, no' matter what my rt spect may be for them, to tell me my duty .in he Senate Chamber. The President has his duties to perforni ender the Constitutien s end he is responsible, to his 'constituency.— , A Senator has his duties td perfona here tin der the Constitution and according to his oatis and he'is responsible to the sovereign State which he represents as his, constituency., A member of the House of Representatives has his duties, under the Constitution and his oaths and he is responsible to the people that elect him.. The President has no more right to 'Presbribe tests to Senators than Senatore have to the President; the President'has no more right tp prescribe tests to the Repretienta, Lives than the Representatives have to the President. 'Suppose we here should attempt to prescribe a test of faith tt? 'the President of the United states; would he not rebuke our impertinence and impudence as sub , versive of-the fundamental principle of the Constitution? Would he , not tell us that the Constitution and hia_cath and hi's coil, science were his guide; thatt'we must per , form our dunes, and he would perferm his, and let each be responsible to, his\ own con , stituency 1 , , , Sir, whenever the time comes that-LI:4 President of the United States can change. the allegiance of the Senators from the States to himself, what becomes of-the sovereignty \ of the States When the time conies that a Senator is to account to the Executive ; and not to his State,- whom - does he represent? If the will'of my State is one way, and the mill of the President is the other, am I to be told that I must obey the Executive and be. tray My State, or else be brendol as a trai , tor to -the party, and hunteirdown b.e all the newspapers that Share the patronage of the- Gevornment f eed every man who holds a -petty,oflitie in any part,of my State to have the qaestion put to him, "Are you Douglas's enemy 1" if not," your head come!! off.":— Why? . " Becatise he is &recreant Senator; because he chooses to, follow his judgment and his conscience, and represent his State instead of. obeying my Executive behist."— : I should like to - know what is the use of Con , grosses, what is the use of Senates arid Ileum- - es or Representatives, when.their highest du ty is 'to obey the Executive 'in disregard of the wishes, rights, and honor of their earistit. vents. What despotism on earth would 'be equal to this, if you establish the doctrine that the Executive has a right to command the votes, consciences, the judgments of the .Semiters, and of .the Representatives, instead - of their constituents I 'ln old England,wbose oppressions we thought intolerable; an Ad mintattation is hipled from power in in hour • when-voted down by the -representatives or , Elie people upon a Government measure. If the...ride of old England. applied here, ,this Cabinet would have gone out of office when the army bill-was voted down, the other day, in the House of Representativel. There, he that monarchical eountry, where they have& Queen by divine right,and lords bythe grace of God, and where republicanism is supposed to have but leslight foothold, the represents % tires of the people can check the Throne, re• strain the government, change the Ministry, ond'give a new direction to the policy of the ' Government, without - beliA accountable to the King or the Queen. tere the repro sentatives of the people are responsible to their constituents. . Across the channel, un der Louis Napoleon, it mar be otherwise ;=— yet r doubt whether it would 6 4 so boldly proclaimed there that p; rnan . '4% a traitor for daring to vote according to sense of duty —according t o o the will of hiO State—accord in, to the interests of his-constituents. r Suppose the Etecutive should tell the ffen. ator, from`California [Mr. Gwiti]lo vote against his Pacific Railroad bill:- would he obey If -not, he will 'be deerned a rebel., ' Suppose the Executive should tell the Sena tor from Virginia [Mr. Moson] to vote for , 'the Pacific Railroad bill, or theSenater from Georgia [Mr. Toombs] to vote for the - army: bitl,nr the Senator from •Mississippi [Mr. Broivn] to sustain him on the neutrality, lowa : we-should have more rebels and more traitors. But it is said a dispensation' is granted, front the fountain - of all power,- for rebellion On all subjects-but one. Tile Pres.. : ident says, in effect, 't Do 'as yeti please on 4uestions in_ one ;" that one is Lecomts. ton .i On what principle is it tht wee -- Must not judge for Ourselves on this Measure; end may on every tiling _else 1 ‘ 'suppose it it.. '1 on theold adage that a man needs no friends when he knows he is right, and he only wants his friends to stand by . him when fie is"wrong. _ The President says-that he regrets this Con stitution *as not • submitted .to Elie people, although -he knows that if it had been -sub nutted it would have been rejected, Hence tliePresidentregreta that it was not reject. tie. Would he regret that it was not submitted.' and rejected, if he did not, think it Was wren . And yet he •demands our assistance in fore. ing it on unwilling- people, and threatens vengeance on all who refuse obedience.. lie req.mnreends the, army ; he thinks it necessary to,carry on the Mormon war it is necessary" to carry 'out a ,measure of the Administration, and, hence itis an Adminis-k tration measUre; but he does not quarrel' with anybody foi voting against it. Ho II
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