L wIUR PER ANNUM INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE.
TOWANDA:
! ftursaay Morning, May 9, 1861
Silccttb Ipoctrn.
[Prom the N. Y. Tribune ]
THROUGH BALTIMORE.
fO) TOICII eV TUB rKHNSVLVAXIA TOLCJfTBM#.
1.
'TM Priilay morn, the train dre* near.
The city end <•'"? ahore ;
fu through the sunshine, *>rt nnd clear,
I We lew Ihe dear old Bag' appear,
> d in our heart* aroe a sheer
p„r Baltimore-
AeroM tha broad Patapaco a
Old Port Mclleury bore
The "tarry banner of the brave.
• a when our lather." went to .save,
I or la the tranche* find a grave.
At BeltiMore.
nr.
j Btloren*. pillared in the sky.
We sw the statue aoar
Of Washington, serene and high—
I Could traitor* view that form, nor fly T
Could patriota see, nor gladly die
Tot Baltimore f
,r "
" Oh, city of our father a song,
Bv that swift aid we bora
Wbts sorely pressed, roeeive the throng,
■ who go to shield our (lag from wrong,
■ An J g "t welcome, warm and strong,
lu Baltimore 1"
T"e had no arms, as friends we came.
As brothers evermore,
I To rally round one eaerod name,
I Taecharter of our power and fair.a :
K We cever dreamed of guilt and -haine
■ fa Baltimore.
vt.
■ Tha coward mob upon us fell r
Me Henry's flag tbey tore :
I Surprised, botue back by the awe.;,
I Baatdovra with ntad. inhuman yell.
Before s* yawned a traitoroui bell.
in Bs'.ixmort I
nr.
The streets our soldier fathers trod
Blushed with then children's gore :
We saw the craven rulers cod.
And dip in bh oil the civic rod
Shah' each things be, oh righteous God,
| In Baltimore ?
vt:,
Xa, never .' By that outrage black,
A solemn oath we swear,
Tj bring the Royslone's tiio ,sands ba-k,
Svke down the dastard* who attack,
i:d leave a red and Her/ track
Through Baltimore.
tx.
/w down, in haste, thv guilty uead !
God'e wrath 13 swift and sore :
The iky with gathering bolts is red,—
C.esn.t from thy Airts the slaughter abed.
Or Kihc thyself an ashen bed—
j ' h Bait re'
' Hfiisctllanious.
Tha Qusstioii of Allegiance.
A remarkable im-tance of the painful emo
tions which aro produced by mental excite
ment, in regard to a real or supposed conflict
of ilu'y, occiirre 1 in this city on Friday. A
comaaiiiler o( lite United btntes Navy com
milted suicide lit tlie .Merchants' Hotel. He
*k n native of the Stute of Georgia, bat has
rc'ided near Bristol, Fa., when r.ot engaged in
I dual service, it is supposed the motive
hich prompted this fearlnl act was au aver
ton to acting either in hostility to his native
Sate or the Federal Government, whose corn
If? won he held. However much we may de
v"re his sad fate, ami pity tiie delusiou which
odium to become the victim of the demur* fi
t's doctrines of the iipo.-ties of -Secession,
i>resolution not to employ the anility which
tad been educated by the General Govern-
I at#t against its authority, was that of n brave,
! honorable, and conscientious man.
It is easy for us to imagine the system of
nphistry which those officers of Southern
nativity adopt when they throw up their
comm:-sinus, and range themselves under the
tanner cf rebellion. It remits from that per
' ous theory of State allegiance, which lias
Lfen taught to the two last generations of
Njathtriiers— a theory which to obtain force
Bust admit a position fatal to tiie integrity
-i the INpiiblic, and eventually subversive of
: 'f'v Inv but that of a mere township, town,
municipality. It were to discriminate too
cicely for us to draw the parallel between
Male allegiance and National allegiance, to
blow where the citizen of Pennsylvania may
1;' ISC 1° be a citizen of the United States.
But we think that no positions of social lite or
Rational service present u clearer path of
- s tv tnan those cf the army and navv. They
arf; nation*)l institutions to every intent and
. u pnsf, i'hey exist by the will of the Geue-
Government, and whoever enters them
-ecoines its servant. The General Govern
t educates, protects, and provides for its
- iters, uud they swear to it in return, iife,
'' '"J, and obedience. Tbe military and
"'stitutions are so peculiarly national,
■' 1 the duty they enjoin is so distinct from
required by a mere State, that nothing
F,e most absurd reasoning can create a
Ambiance.
rt ta:e theory of State allegiance, like most
• ttie Secession theories, indeed, is peculi
c,'' end has been almost fatally in-
U.'. h ? olir good mother the nation. We
military obedience in America a qnes-
f n honor—other nations make it a (juts
k n f lrp a e on If a province of France re
, / ' Against the empire, it would be equi
-- LrV? & ru[D '^ ea d court-uiartial for a
1 *• ' r*- r u-M obedierre ko fbc FVnperor's
order, because he happened to be a native of
[ the rebellious district. Nor do we tbintc that
[ the British Govern.nent would have an liesi
i tutiou in hanging at the yard-arm a captain
who refused to blockade a port in one ot the
| Irish provinces, because he happeued to have
been born in Cork or Londonderry. The con
cession once made is fatal to all military effec
tiveness, and to all law, order, and discipline
in a government. We have partly recognized
it in the United States, and the demoralized
condition of our nriny and navy shows how
terrible in its effects the recognition has
proved.
The melancholy instance cited in tbo open
ing paragraph is an exception to the general
rule which lias prevailed among those officers
who have abandoned our Hag on grounds of
State allegiance. The ease of General Twiggs
chow 3 how closciv these notions of honor are
allied with what every other civilized nation
on the globe calls treachery. If honor com
pels an officer to spurn his allegiance to the
Government, it snrely does not compel liitn to
remain at his post long after the conflict be
tween the State and nation has arisen ; to ob
tain every secret which confidence can pro
cure ; to paralyse the hand which has nurtured
him ;to draw his salary from lho "tyrannical''
coffers of the nation ; to live in apparent alle
gianee until the moment of action arrives, and
then cross over the Potomac and draw the
sword of a traitor. So long as many of these
officers are permitted to live on half-pay with
out service, they aro willing to rtceive their
pay and waive the immediate question of alle
giunce, but when the command of duty comes,
they collect the arrears of their salary up to
date, plead their duty to their State, send in a
resignation, and next appear at Fort Pickens
or Fort Surnpur, trying to steal w Government
for with stolen cannon nnd pilfered powder.
We certainly do not condemn a native of
South Carolina for ioving that State, any more
than we censure outselves for cherishing a
fondness towards dear old Pennsylvania. But
the soldier is the son of the nation. She is
his military mother—and he owes her his life
and sword. The rule recognizes no excep
tion and can admit of no deviation. To aban
don the nation in its hour of peril, when it
ueads ail that valor and skill can afford, is to be
guilty of ingratitude and treason. The Great
Soldier of the Age, whose loyal arm now
wields the sword of Washington, is an exatnply
lor all to follow. Winfield Scott loves Yir
ginia, but lis loves bis country more, and in
giving his great mind to bis country, even in
antagonism to his State, lie teaches the eol
dier what true allegiance is.— I'rtss.
How Public Opinion is Maiufactured i£
tiie South.
There is uothiug more potent in society than
a bad newspaper, unless it is a good one; and,
accordingly, the first care of a tyrant is either
to currupt the public press or crush it. With
liie exception of the journals in France, we do
not know a newspaper system in tiie world
1 more mendacious ur unscrupulous than that of
'.he Cotton Slates. There was a time, and
that not ninny months ago, when we could
point to dozens ol journals in the South, and
feel proud of their professional relation-hip It
is now a sea of shame without a star. Wlietb
j er they have been corrupted, cr crushed, we
; scarcely know; but a tuorc studied system ot
calumny on the people of the North, nnd mis
representation of their motives and institutions,
could scarcely lie invented, a>i it is not at ad
surpri-ing that the public opit i m thus created
should be so ungenerous uud unjust.
We have before us a number of paragraphs
from Southern papers, which will illustrate the
position we as-mute. Tiie following is a des
patch in the New Orleans I'icayunt., detailing
the late occurrence in Baitiuioie :
" Tiie Massachusetts Seventh Regiment
have been taken prisoners by the lialtimore
ans.
" Over one buadred were killed and wound
ed.
" Sixteen Ba'timoreans were also killed.
" Eight hundred improved arms also fell in
to the hands of the liaitiinoreaiM."
Here are live distinct falsehoods in four brief
paragraphs ! The facts of the esse are so re
cent as to render a correction superfluous, but
we must -ay that it woul.l be almost impossi
ble tor human invention to construct ft more
mischievous story out of such a plain and de
plorable narrative as that of the outrages at
Baltimore.
From a leading editorial in the New Orleans
Delta on the military preparations of Pennsyl
vania wo take the fo owing startling senten
ces :
"The Governor cf Pennsylvania is about to
take the lield with thiro hundred thousand
Broad brims to invade and subjugate the
South, and compels its submission to a duty of
one hundred per rent, on iron nnd to the recog
nition <f Ikt equality of nt grots with, while mtn.
These are the grounds upon which the Q inkers
and Couestogas are willing to light, to forego
their religious scruples, and to regard with pi
ous insensibility scenes of blood and carnage
* * * Brother Abraham
has succeeded, by virtue of his Quaker blood
and education, in enlisting, in behalf of the ho
ly cause of Abolition and of the Morrill tariff,
a body of meu who have never before taken
the field."
The favorite topic for articles o f a boasting
natnie is Mr. Lincoln's anticipated flight from
Washington, and its occupation by troops of
th Southern Confederacy. Tnis idea is kept
constantly before the people in paragraphs like
the following. We take this from the editori
al columns of the Mobile ltrgisler :
" We offered, a few days since, to bet a rea
sonable amount that within a few weeks Lin
coln would leave Washington as he entered it.
We fear we shall lose, for Maryland has cut
off his retreat, nnd, hemmed in between that
State and Virginia, we do not see how be can
escnpp. even in ' Scotch cap and military
cloak."
A story has been started to the effect that
General Srott had resigned his commission,
PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY AT TOWANDA, BRADFORD COUNTY, PA., BY R. W. STURROCK.
gone to \ irgiuia, and, us one of the papers
bns it, "thown his sword on the felon lUg."
This falsehood is the topic ot eight or ten tri
r.mphmt editorials, which we have before n.
Here is a mild specimen from the respectable
columns of the conservative I'ioiyune:
" Disasters accumulate on the head of Lin
coln. Tiie pillars upon which he rested for
support crumble away Irotn beneath him. Un
questionably his great moral reliance, among
many thousands of his countrymen, has been
on the weight of the great military character
of Winfield Scott. What Wellington was to
the British army and people, Scott has been
in this country, as n political counsellor to a
great party, and, as a soldier, without rival in
an illustrious pre-eminence. When the con
queror of Mexico refused to be Chief Consta
ble to lead the bayonets against his mother
Stute, as a proclaimed rioter, the uplifted arm
of Federal power was palsied. Lovalty and
chivalry shrank from him when Scott left
tiiin."
We might elaborate this article by the pub
lication of extracts from Southern journals
equally as offensive and untrue us those quoted.
\Y e merely wished to show, however, to our
renders, one of the methods by which public
opinion is manufactured in the South. On
agencies like these, the cause ot Secession de
pends for support. Treason could have no
more fitting champion than a venal press.
Tno Governor's Message.
Kxkvtive Chamber, ?
Uarrinburg, April uO, IsCl. f
To the Senate and House of Representative* of the
Communxctalth of Pennsylvania .
GENTLEMEN :—The present unparalleled exi
gency in tiie alfiirs of our country, lias induced
me to call you together at this time. With hii
actiii.l ami armed rebellion in some of tiie
States of the Union, momentous questions
have lie en thrust upon us which call for your
deliberation, and that you should devise means
by legislation for the maintenance, of tiie au
thority of the General Government, the honor
and dignity of our State, the protection of our
citizens, and the erly establishment of peace
and order throughout the land.
On the day of my induction iuto the Execu
tive office, 1 took occasion to utter the follow
ing sentiments :
" No ouo who knows the history cf Penn
sylvania, and understands the opinions and
feelings of her people, can justly charge us with
hostility to our brethren of other States. We
regard them as friends and fellow-countrymen,
in whose welfare we feel a kindred interest; and
we recognize, m their broad-st extent, all our
constitutional obligations to them. These we
Hre ready and v. illing to observe generously and
fraternally in their letter and spirit, with un
swerving fidelity
"Ours is a National Government. It has
within the sphere of its action all the attri
butes of sovereignty, and among these are the
right and duty of self-preservation. It is bas
ed upon a compact to which all the peojile of
the United States Bre parties. It is the result
of mutual concessions, which were made for
the purpose of secuiiug reciprocal benefits.—
It acts directly on the people, and thev owe it
a personal allegiance. No part of the p-ople,
no State nor combination of States, can vol
untarily secede from the Union, nor absolve
themselves from their obligations to it. To
permit a State to withdraw at pleasure from
the Union, without tiie consent of the re-t, is
to confess that our Government is a failure.—
Peiinsyivauia can never acquiesce in Mich a
conspiracy, nor assent to a doctrine which in
volves the destruction of tbe Government. If
tiie Government is to exist, all the require
ments of the Constitution inu-t be obeyed; and
it must have power adequate to the enforce
ment of the supreme law- of the laud in every
State. It is the first duty of the national au
thorities to stay tiie progress of anarchy and
enforce the laws, and Pennsylvania, with a
united people, will give them an honest, faith
ful ami active support. The people meau to
preserve the integrity of the uution&l Union
at every hazard."
It could scarcely have been antic'pated at
that time, that we should so soon lie caWed
upon for tbe practical application of these
tiutlis in connection with their support and de
fence by tiie strong arm of military power.
The unexampled promptness and enthusiasm
with which Pennsylvania aud the other loyal
States have responded to the call of tiie Pres
ident, and the entire unanimity with which our
people demand that the integrity of the Gov
ernment shall lie preserved, ii lust rata the duty
of the several State and National Governments
with a distinctness that cannot be disregarded.
The slaughter of northern troops in the city
of Biltirnore, for the pretended offence of
marching, at the call of the Federal Govern
ment, peaceably, over soil admittedly in the
Union, and with the ultimateo' jectot defend
ing our common Capital against any armed and
rebellious invasion, together with the ob
struction of our Pennsylvania troops when
despatched on the same patriotic mission, im
pose new duties aud responsibilities upon our
State administration. At last advices tbe
General Government had military possession
of the route to Washington through Annapo
lis; but tbe transit of troops bad been greatly
endangered and delayed, and the safety of
Washington itselt imminently threatened.—
This cannot be submitted to. Whether Mary
land may profess to be loyal to the Union or
otherwise, there can be permitted no hostile
soil, no obstructed thoroughfare, between the
States that undoubtedly are loyal and their
national seat oi government. There is reason
to hope that the rout? through Baltimore may
be no longer closed against the peaceable pas
sage of our people armtd and in the service of
the Federal Government. But we must be
fully assured of this, and have the uninterrup
ted enjoyment of a passage to the Capitol by
any and every route essential to tho purposes
of the Government. This must be attained,
peaceably if possible, but by force of srms if
net accorded
" B.EARDLESS OP DENUNCIATION FROM ANT QUARTER."
Tbe time is past for temporizing or forbear
ing with this rebellion ; the most causeless in
history. The North has not invaded, nor has
she somrht to invade a single guaranteed right
of the South. On the contrary, all political
parties and all administrations have fully re
cognized the binding force of every provision
of the great compact between the Stales, and
regardless of our views of State policy, our
people have respected them. To predicate a
rebellion, therefore, upon any alleged wrong
iuflicted or sought to be inflicted upon the
South is to offer falsehood as an apology for
treason. So will the civilized world and his
tory judge this mad effort to overthrow the
most beneficent structure of human govern
ment ever devised by man.
The leaders of the rebellion in the Cotton
States, which has resulted in the establishment
of a provisional organization assuming to dis
charge all the functions of governmental pow
er, have mistaken the forbearance ot the Gen
eral Government ; they have accepted a fra
ternal indulgence as an evidence of weakness,
and have insanely looked to a united South,
and a divided North to give success to the
wild ambition that lias led to the seizure of
our national arsenals and armn, the investment
and bombardment of our Lrt.s, the plundering
of our mints, has invited piracy upon our com
merer, nnd now aims at tiie possession of the
National Capitol.
The insurrection must now be met by force
of arm; and to re-establish the government
upon an enduring basis by asserting its entire
supremacy, to re-posses the forts and govern
ment property so unlawfully seized and held;
to ensure personal freedom and safety to the
people and commerce of the Union in every
section, the people of the loyal States demand,
as with one voice, nnd will contend for, as with
one heart; and a quarter of a million of Penn
sylvania's sons wiil answer the cull to arms, if
need be, to wrest as from a reign of anarchy
and plunder, and scrure for themselves and
their children, for ages to come, the perpetuity
of this government and its beneficent institu
tions.
Entertaining these views and anticipating
that more troops would be required than the
number originally called for, I continued to
receive companies until we had raised twenty
three regiments in Pennsylvania, all of which
have been mustered into the service of the Unit
ed States In this anticipation I was not mis
taken. On Saturday last, an additional requi
sition was made upon me for twenty live regi
ments of infantiy and one of cavalry ; and
there have been already more companies ten
dered than will make up the entire couqtle
ment.
Before the regiments could be clothed, three
of them were ordered by the National Gov
ernment to proceed from this point to Phila
delphia I cannot too highly commend the
patriotism and devotion of the men who, at a
moment's warning, and without any prepara
tion, obeyed the order. Three of the regi
ments, under similar circumstances, by direc
tion of, and accompanied by officers of the
United Stutes army, were transported to
Cockeysviile, near Baltimore, at which point
they remained for two days, and until by rii
rections of the General Government they were
ordered back and went into camp at York,
where there are now five regiments. Three
regiments mustered into service are now en
camped at Chambersburg, under orders from
the General Government; and five regiments
are now in cainp nt this place, and seven have
been orLroiiizud and mustered into service at
Philadelphia.
Tiie regiments at this place arc still suppli
ed by tbe Commissary Department of the
Stat** Their quarters are as comfortable as
could be expected, their supply of provisions
abundant. *nd, under the instruction of com
petent officers, they are rapidly improving in
military knowledge and skill. I have made
arrangements to clothe nil our regiments with
the utmost dispatch consistent with a proper
economy, nnd am most happy to say that be
fore the close of the present week ail our peo
ple now under arms will lie abundantly sup
plied with good and appropriate uniforms,
blankets and other clothing.
Four hundred nnd sixty of onr volunteer?,
the first to reach Washington from any of the
States, aro now at that city; these are now
provided for I y tlie General Government; but
I design to send them clothing at the earliest
possible opportunity. lam glad to be able to
state that these men, in their progress to tlie
National Capital, received no bodily injury,
although they were subjected to insult in the
city of Baltimore, such as should not have
been offered to any law abiding citizen, much
less to loyal men, who, at the call of the Pres
ident, had promptly left their own State in
the performance of the highest duty and in the
service of their country.
A large body of unarmed men, who were
not at. the time organized as a portion of the
militia of this Commonwealth, under tlie com
mand of officers without commissions, attempt
ed under the call of tiie National Government
as I understand, to reach Washington and
were a<s;uiltwl by armed men in the city of
Baltimore, many of their number were serious
ly wounded, and four were killed. The larger
part of this body returned direcfly to Phila
delphia; but many of them were forcibly de
tained in Baltimore; some of tKem were thrust
into prison, and others have not yet reached
their homes.
I have the honor to sny that the officers
nnd men behaved with the utmost gallantry.
This body is now organized into a regiment,
and the officers arc commissioned; they have
been accepted into the service, and will go to
Washington by any route indicated by the
Federal Government.
I have established a camp at Pittsburg, nt
which the troops from Western Pennsylvania
will be mustered into service, and organized
nnd disciplined by skillful umi experienced
officers.
1 communicate to yon with great satisfac
tion, the fact that the banks of the Common
wealth have voluntarily tendered any amount
of raonty that many be necessary for tbe com-
mon defence and general welfare of tiie State
and the nation in this emergency;and the tem
porary loan of live hundred thousand dollars
authorized by the Act of the General Assemb
ly of the 17th April, 1861, was promptly taken
at par. The money is not yet exhausted ;as
it lias been impossible to have the accounts
properly audited and settled with the acioun'-
ing ami paying officers of the government as
required by law, an account of tliU expendi
ture cannot now be furnished. The Auditor
General and State Treasurer have established
a system of settlement and pay meat, of which
I entirely approve, that provides amply for
the protection of the State, and to which all
parties having claims will bo obliged to con
form
A much larger sum will be required than
has been distinctively appropriated; but I
could not receive nor make engagements for
money without authority of law, and 1 have
called you together, not only to provide for a
complete re organization of the militia of the
State, but also, that you may give ine author
ity to pledge the faitii of the Commonwealth
to borrow such sums of money as you may, in
your discretion, deem necessary fur these ex
traordinary requiraients.
It i< impossible to predict the lengths to
which " the madness that rules the hour " in
the rebellious States shall lead us, or when
the calamities which threaten our hitherto
loqipy country shall terminate. We know
that many of our people have already left the
State in the service of the General Govern
ment, and tint ciatiy more must follow. We
have a lor.g line of border on States seriously
disaffected, which should bo protected. To
furnish ready support to those who have gone
out, and to p otect our borders we should
have a well regulated military force.
I, therefore, recommend the immediate cr
gaizition, disciplining and arming of at least
fifteen regiments of cavalry and infantry, cx
elusive of those called into tbe service of the
United States; as we have already ample
warning of the necessity of being prepared for
any sudden exigency that may arise. I cannot
too much impress this upon you.
I cannot refrain from alludiug to the gen
erous maimer in which the peoplo of all parts
of the State have, from their private means,
provided for tiie families ot those of our citi
zens who are now under arms. Id many parts
of the Commonwealth, Grand .Juries, and
Courts,and municipal corporations have recom
mended the appropriations of moneys from
their public funds, for the same commendable
purpose. I would recommend the passage of
an Act legalizing nr.d authorizing such ap
propriations and expenditures.
II may be expected that, in the present de
rangement of trade and commerce, umi tlio
withdrawal of so much industry from its ordi
nary and productive chanu**ls,the selling value
of property generally w ill be depreciated, and
a large portion of our citizens deprived of the
ordinary means of meeting engagements. Al
though much forbearance may be excepted from
a generous and magnanimous people, yet I
feel it my duty to recommend the passage of a
judicious law to prevent the sacrifice of pro
perty by forced sales in the collection of debts.
Von meet together at this special session,
surrounded by circumstances involving the
uiost solemn responsibilities; tbe recollections
of the glories of the past, the reflections of the
gloomy present, and the uncertainty of the fu
ture, ail alike call upon you to discharge your
duty in a spirit of patriotic courage, compre
hensive wisdom und firm resolution. Never in
the history of our peace loving Commonwealth
have the hearts of our people been so stirred in
tlieir depths as at tiie present moment. And,
I feel, that I need hardly ;u - to you, that in
the performance of your duties on this occa
sion and in providing tho ways ami means for
tiie maintenance of our country's glory and onr
integrity as a nation, you should be inspired
by feelings of self sacrifice, kindred to those
which animate the brave men who have devot
ed their lives to the perils of the battle field,in
defence of our nation's ii ig.
Gentlemen, I place the honor of tiie State
in your hands. And 1 pray that the Almighty
God,who protected our fathers in their efforts
to establish this our great constitutional liber
ty—who has controlled the growth of civiliza
tion and Christianity in our midst, may not now
forsake us; that He may watch over your coun
sels, and may, in His providence, lead those
who have left the path of duty, and are acting
in open rebellion to the government, back
again to perfect loyalty, and restore,peace,har
mony, and fraternity to our distracted conntrv.
A G. CURTIN."
Campaigning Axioms.
1. One well fed, well equipped, well appoin
ted brigade is worth two that are ill provided.
2. In active service, three men die of undue
pxpo-ure, bad food, and their own imprudences
where one is killed by shot or stab.
3. An easy, rational, nicely fitting uniform,
with warm, substantial blanket, broad soled
boots or shoes aud good woolen socks, will
more conduce to efficiency in service than su
periority in weapons.
4. The lightest possible head-covering, with
a pood look out for ventilation, will add a
tenth to the distance a regiment can march in
a day, while insuring increased comfort.
5. A small cotton handerchief.or half a yard
of tho commonest sheeting, moistened with
water in the morning and again at noon, and
worn between the hat and the head, will pro
tect the soldier from sun-stroke and greatly
diminish the discomfort aud fatigue of a hot
day's inarch.
6. A flat bottle covered with woolen cloth,
the cloth being moistened and the bottle filled
with water in the morning, will keep reasona
bly cool throughout a long, hot day.
£ Of all villainous concoctions, the liquors
sold by camp-followers are the most detestable
and dangerous They are mo~e deadly than
rifled cannon, and are suro to be taken when
they should not be. Every soldier who means
to do his duty to his country, should insist
that all vendors of these pofvotis He drammed
I oat of the camp
VOL. XXT. NO. 4.9
8. A good cook to each company, who
knows how to ruukc salt meat juisy ami leader,
und to bare it ready whenever and wherever it
may he wanted, is equal to two doctors and
four extra combatants.
9. Officers who love and care for their men
whiie in repose never have to complain of their
conduct when in action.
10. A soldier wuose heart is in the cause lie
fights for, is worth two who fight for their
pay
THE SocrnEßN" MISTAKE.— The public Jour
nals at tlie South are deluding their readers
with stuff like this below, which we cut from
the Memphis Avalanche, u paper that ought
to know bettor :
THE PAXIC AT THE NORTH.— The heart of the
philanthropist bleeds and sickens in contem
plating the distress that exists among the peo
pie of the North. Every day brings additional
accounts of the tremendous panic is
sweeping the Northern cities. Stocks ftrs
goingdown.operatives are turned out to 6turve,
confidence is destroyed and business is paralyz
ed. On every side may tie seen the wide spread
ruin wicb an infatuated people have brought
upon their own heads. Meantime there is
some distress in the South, but the people of
the Confederate States are generally comforta
ble. They breathe fietr, nnd their proud necks
are more erect since tbev have parted company
with their traducers. We are sorry for the
true men in the North who are involved in dis
asters they could not avert. But let them
come South,find new fields for their enterprise
and mend their broken fortunes. We pity
while we despise tnc poor dupes who now
mock at the calamity that robs them of their
daily bread. Let them turn upon their be
trayers. In such a light our sympathies wiil
be with the hungry.
The culture of cotton requires a peculiar
combination of heat and moisture, an eveu and
rniform temperature. Sicily, Naples and
Malta produce about 30,000 pounds annually;
a small quantity is rai.-ed in Sardinia and Spain.
Asiatic Turkey produces about 300,000
pounds. Syria might produce a considerable
quantity. China does so, but consumes it all.
India 3,000,000, if we may believe reports,
most of which is consumed at home. Thero
are six millions of alluvial soil in the British
West Indies where it can be raised. The
French receive from theirs about 3.000,000
pounds, and a small quantity is raised in Sur
inam. In Africa, Egpt, Brazil, the culture is
increasing.
WHAT IS MARTIAI. LAW ?— At the present
crisis the significance of a term so much used,
and with so iittie accurate sense of its meau
ing, becomes unusually impoitaut.
Bouvier martial law as "a cole estab
lished for the government of the army and
navy of the United States." whose principal
rules are to be found in the articles of war,
prescribed by act of Congress But Chancellor
Kent says tnis distinction applies only to wii/-
tary law, while martial law is quite a distinct
thing, and is founded on paramount necessity
and proclaimed by a miliitarv chief.
Marital law is generally and vaguely held to
be a suspension of all ordinary civil rights
and process,—and, as such, approximates very
closely to a military despotism.
It is an arbitrary law orginating in emer
getuies. In times of extreme peril to th®
State, either from without or from within.the
pulic welfare demands extraordinary measures.
And martial law being proclaimed, signifies
that the operation of the ordinary legal delay*
of justice is suspended by the military power,
which lias for the time become supreme.
It. suspends the operation of the writ of
heir: j s or pus; enables persons charged with
treason to be summarily tried by Court Mar
tial instead of Grand Jury ; justifies searches
ami seizures of private property, and the tak
ing possession of public highways, and other
means of communication. Involving the high
est exercise of sovereignty, it is, of course,cap
able of great abuse, and is only to be justified
on emergencies of the most imperative and
perilous nature, such as now appear to exist in
Baltimore.
LIEUTENANT JAMES FORNEY, one the earliest
appointments of President Lincoln, has been
detailed for service at the Marine Barracks.—
lie gallantly waived his right of five mouths'
drill probation, as a new recruit, and is now
doing foil service as an officer of his rank.—-
I'ennsyfcant% Telegraph.
The Mobile Tribune says the anticipated
blockade of that port has lately led to a very
brbk business in loading vessels with cotton
and oilier freights intended for foreign ports.
Cotton was being loaded at the rate of 876
bales a day, about 126 bales over the ordinary
rate.
VIRGINIANS CALI.RNRO ACCOUNT.— On Fri
day 1 irge numbers of Virginians arrived at
Harrisburg via Ciiainbersbnrg. They were
required to take a test on oath to take up
arms or lie imprisoned. Others had escaped
without taking the oath, most of whom were
were from Fairfax County.
The papers relate an anecdote of a
beautiful young lady, who had become blind,
having recovered her sight after marriage.—
Whereupon Snooks wickedly observes that it
is uo uncommon thing for people's eyes to be
opened by mrtrimony.
jßsaT" Dean Swift, hearing of a carpenter fall
imr through the scaffolding of a house which
he was engaged in repairing, dryly remarked
that he had got through his work promptly.
The man who confines himself to th®
driuk best for him is WELL supplied.
Ilasty people drick in the w'n® of Iff®
si'ding hot.