HE DJLLAR PER ANN'JM, INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE.
TOAV A XDA:
Sutnrihin fHorninn, -febrnarn 2. ISoli.
ftlcttcb |)oclrn.
THE WINTERS.
BV FRANCKS BROWN.
\VV JiJ not it'.f them ouce- -the dull gray mornings
So cheerless burden on our spirits laid ;
The long night-watches did not bring us warnings
That we were tenants of a house decayed ;
The early snows like dreams to us descended ;
The frost did fairy -work on pave and bough ;
Remit r, and power, and wonder, have not coded—
[j,)W „it that we fear the Winters now ?
Their house-fire- fall as bright on hearth and chamber ;
Tlwir northern starlight shines as coldly clear ;
The woods still keep their holly lor December ;
The world a welcome yet for the new year,
And far away in old remembered piaces
The snow-droit rises and the robin sings ;
The un and moon look out with loving faces--
Why have our days forgot such goodly things?
[. it that now the north wind finds ita shaken
Hv tempests fiercer titan its bitter blast.
Which fair Miefs and friendships, too, have taken
Awav like Summer foliage as they passed.
And made life leafless in its pleasant valleys.
Waning the light of promise from our day,
Til! mists meet even in the inward palace—
A dimness not like theirs to pass away ?
It was not thus when dreams of love and laurels
I hive sunshine to the Winters of our youth.
Before it- hopes had fallen in fortune's quarrels.
Or Time had bowed them with his heavy truth—
En vet the twilights found us strange and lonely.
With snailows coming when the tire burns low,
Tj tell of distant graves and losses only —
The pa-t tint cannot change and will not go.
Alt-! divir frie'td , the Winter is within us,
Hard is the he that grows about the heart ;
F t pettv cart s ami vain regrets have wou us
F'.on life's true heritage and lietter part.
.seis ins and skies rejoice, yea, worship rather ;
li <t n.itioiis t itl and tremble even as we,
lli uij for harvests they will never gather,
Frsrmg tin- Winters w hit-It they may not see.
[Fr-mi Hraham's M rgaziitc, for February.]
DR. KANE.
A SKETCH—BY DR. WILLIAM ELDER.
When a man's life is heroic, and his name
ha< |me(l into history, the world wants to
know him personally, intimately. The "grave
and reverend chronicler." passing over bi.s be
vinnivrs, presents him abruptly in his full-grown
ereatness ; men render the admiration earned,
the sympathetic emulation awakened is
•ri icii tH know how he grew into his matu
rity of excellence. This curiosity is not an
iillctiess of the fancy, hut a personal interest in
the facts that springs out of those aspirations
which put every man upon the fulfillment of his
own destiny. How came this, man to excel—
hit was in him—what happened to develop
" Some men are horn great ; sonic achieve
rrtatness ; some have greatness thru>t upon
tVtn." Mow came this liwn In it ? Is it
iit'iin my'reach also and, !m what means?
History provokes us with such queries as these :
Bioirapliv answer- them.
ID I tor KI.ISIU KK.VT KAXK is not quite thir
ty four years old, yet he has done more than
; umuavigate the globe : he has visited ami
traversed India, Africa, Europe, South Ameri
> the Mauds of the Pacific, and twice pene
'".itcd the Arctic region to the highest latitude
attained by civ ilized man. He has eucounter
tlie extremes: perils of sea ami land, in every
mate- of tie- globe ; lie has discharged in turn
' e severest duties of the soldier and the sea
fflau: attached to the United States Navy as
' surgeon, he is, nevertheless, engaged at one
time in the coast survey of the tropica! ocean,
sti'! in u month or two. we find him exploring
'-he frigid zone ; and all the while that liispor
"i'\! oxjieriences had the character of roman
tic advent lire, he was pushing them in the
'pint of scientific and philanthropic enter
prise.
As a boy, his instinctive bent impelled him
'.lie indulgence and enjoyment of such nd
•oitiire* as were best fitted to train him for
n, irk before him. His collegiate studies
sAri-d some postponement while his physical
purities pressed for their necessary training
I dK'ipline. It was almost in the spirit of
• 'iiicv that he explored the Blue Mountains
■rginia, a- a student of geology, under the
•t-ince of Professor Rodgers, and cultivated,
- uVe. his hardihood of vital energy and those
-■vnaents of natural science which were to quali-
Ul ® or his after services in the field of pliy
' geography. Rut, in due time he returned
pursuit of literature, and achieved the
" ::ijao ! N , as well as though his college
'J' "' suffered no diversion—his muscles
c '"Tvpg were educated, and his brain lost
'•'"8 by the indirectness of its development,
*i>a corroborated for all the uses
, *' 't iias served since. He graduated at
of Pennsylvania—first, in its
and afterwards, in its medical, de
relishes in study indi
aiur ]"' " atura ' : chemistry and surgery,
•Hh t Sr ' euce ' n intimate converse
itr,, ,aiß '°> ai| d the remedial art in its most
£?***• wei, t out from his Alm/i
a '>rJ
*U.I f st ' astronoiuer ' surgeon. Rut.
J ° r 'bought he lacked, robustness of
a thf'- ""^. ness °f health. He solicited
*%Kjn h; the navy, and ujnin his ad
active service. He wasap
m the diplomatic staff as surgeon
%ti r "' au Embassy to China. This JKJ
" opportunity to explore the
V jr 'bind, which he effected mainly on
no t!,, ~s l '"' hrst man who descended
<-'7 Tuel ; lowered more than a
a bamlioo rope froin the over
bad ''lumbering down some seven
THE BRADFORD REPORTER.
hundred more through the scoriae, he made a
topographical sketch of the interior of this
great volcano, collected a bottle of sulphurous
acid from the very mouth of the crater ; and,
although he was drawn up almost senseless, he
brought with him his portrait of this hideous
cavern, and the specimens which it afforded.
liefore he returned from this trip, he had
ascended the Himalayas, and triangulated
Greece, 011 foot ; he hail visited Ceylon, the
Upper Nile, and all the mythologic region of
Kgvpt ; traversing the route, and making the
acquaintance of the learned Lepsius, who
was then prosecuting his archaeological re
searches.
At home again, when the Mexican war
broke out, he asked to la; removed from the
Philadelphia Navy Yard to the field of a more
congenial service ; but the government sent
him to the Coast of Africa. Here he visited
the slave factories, from Cape Mount to the
river Honuy, and through the infamous Ha
Souzu, got access to the barocoons of Dahom
ey, and contracted, besides, the Coast Fever,
from the effects of which he has never entirely
recovered.
From Africa he returned before the close of
the Mexican war, and believing that his con
stitution was broken, and his health rapidly
going, he called upon President Polk, and de
manded an opjMirtunity for service that might
crowd the little remnant of his life with achieve
ments in keeping with his ambition ; the Pre
sident, just then embarrassed by a temporary
non-intereonrse with General Scott, charged
the Doctor with despatches to the General, of
great moment and urgency, which must be
carried through a region occupied by the ene
my. This embassy was marked by an adven
ture so romantic, and so illustrative of tlie
character of the man, that we ure tempted to
detail it.
On his way to the Gulf he secured a horse
in Kentucky, such as a knight errant would
have chosen for the companion and sharer of
his adventures. Landed at Vera On/., he ask
ed for an escort to convey him to the capital,
hut the officer in command had no troopers to
spare—he must wait, or he must accept, in
stead, a band of ruffian Mexicans, called the
Spy Company, who had taken to the business
of treason and trickery for a livelihood. He
accepted them, and went forward. Near Luc-
Ida his troops encountered a body of Mexicans
escorting a number of distinguished officers to
Orizaba, among whom were Major General
Gaona, Governor of l'uebla ; his son, Maxi
milian, and General Torejon, who commanded
the brilliant charge of horse at Ibiena Vista.
The surprise was mutual, but the Spy Compa
ny hid the advantage of the ground. At the
first instant of the discovery, and before the
rascals fully comprehended their involvement,
the Doctor shouted in Spanish, " lhuvo ! the
capital adventure, Colonel, form your line for
the charge !" And down they went upon the
enemy ; Kane and his gallant Kentucky char
ger ahead. Understanding the principle that
sends a tallow-ca idle through a plunk, and that
the momentum of a body is its weight multi
plied by its velocity, lie dashed through the
opißising force, and turning to engage after
breaking their line, he found himself fail Iv sur
rounded, and twoof the enemy giving him their
-pecial attention. One of these was disposed
of in an instant bv rearing his horse, who,with
a blow of bis fore foot, floored bis man ; and
wheeling suddenly, the Doctor gave the other
a sword wound, which opened the external iliac
artery, and put him hr.< tie ambot.. This sub
ject of the Doctor's military surgery was the
young Maximilian. The brief melee termina
ted with 11 cry from the Mexicans, "We sur
render.'' Two of the officers made a dash for
an ex-ape, the Doctor pursued them, but soon
gave up the chase. When lie returned, he
found his ruffians preparing to massacre the
prisoners. As lie galloped past the young of
fieer whom he had wounded, lie heard hiiucrv,
" Senor. save my father.'' A group of the
guerrilla guards were dashing upon the .Mexi
cans, huddled together, with their lances in
rest. He threw himself before them—one of
them transfixed his horse, another gave him a
severe wound in the groin, lie killed the first
lieutenant, wounded the secoud-lienteuant, and
blew a part of the colonel's beard oil' with the
last charge of his six-shooter ; then grappling
with liini, and using his fists, he brought the
party to terms. The lives of the prisoners
were saved, and the Doctor received tiieir
swords. As soon as General Gaona could
reach his spy, w ho lay at a little distance from
the scene of the last struggle, the Doctor found
him sitting by him, receiving his last adieus.—
Shifting the soldier and resuming the surgeon,
he secured the artery, and put the wounded
mail in condition to travel. The ambulance
got up for the occasion, contained at once the
wounded Maximilian, the wounded second
lieutenant, and the man that had prepared
tliein fr slow traveling, himself o:i his litter,
from the lance wound received in defence of
his prisoners ! When they reached Puebla,
the Doctor's wounds proved the worst in the
party, lie was taken to the government house,
but the old General, in gratitude for his gen
erous services, had him conveyed to his own
house. General G'hilds, Aniericun commander
at Puebla, hearing of the generosity of his pri
soner, discharged him without making any
terms, and the old general became the princi
pal nurse of his captor and benefactor, divid
ing his attentions between him and his son,
who lay wounded in an adjoining room. —
This illness of our hero was long and doubtful,
and lie was reported dead to his friends at
home.
When he recovered and returned, he was
employed in the Coast Survey. While engag
ed in this service, the government by its corre
spondence with Lady Franklin became com
mitted for an attempt at the rescue of Sir .John
and his ill-starred companions in Arctic disco
very. Nothing con Id be better addressed to
the Doctor's governing sentiments than this
adventure. The enterprise of Sir John ran
exactly in the current of one of his own enthu
siasms—the service of natural science combin
ed with heroie jiersonnl effort ; and, added to
this, that sort of patriotism which charges it
self with its owii full share in the execution of
PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY AT TOWANDA, BRADFORD COUNTY, PA., BY E. O'MEARA GOODRICH.
" REGARDLESS OP DENUNCIATION FROM ANY QUARTER."
national engagements of honor ; and besides
this eordial assumption of his country's debts
and duties, there was 110 little force in the aj>-
l>eal of a nobly brave spirited woman to the
chivulry of the American navy.
lie was " bathing in the tepid waters of the
Gulf of Mexico, on the 12th of May, I*so,''
when he received his telegraphic order to pro
ceed forthwith to New York, for duty upon
the Arctic expedition. In nine days from that
date he was beyond the limits of "the United
States on his dismal voyage to the North Dole.
Of this first American expedition, as is well
known to the public, lie was the surgeon, the
natu'alist, and the historian. It returned dis
appointed of its main object, after a winter in
the regions of eternal ice and a fifteen months'
absence.
Scarcely allowing himself a day to recover
from the hardships of this cruise, he set 011 foot
the second attempt, from which he has return
ed, after verifying by actual observation the
long questioned existence of an ojhmi sea be
yond the latitude of 82 degrees, uml bevond
the temperature, also, of 100 degrees below
the freezing point. His " Personal Narra
ting," published early in 1853, recounts the
adventures of the first voyage, and discovers
his diversified qualifications for such an enter
prise.
The last voyage occupied two w inters in the
highest latitudes, and two years and a half of
uiiiutcrmitted labor, with the risks and respon
sibilities attendant. He is now preparing the
history for publication, lint that part of it
which best reports his own personal agency,
and would most justly present the man to the
reader, w ill of course be suppressed. We would
gladly supply it, but us yet this is impossible
to us. His journal is private property, the ex
tracts which we*nay exjtect will be only too
shy of egotism, and his companions have not
spoken yet, as some day they w ill speak, of his
conduct throughout the terrible struggles which
together thev endured.
To lbrin anything like an adequate estimate
of this last achievement, it is to be recollected
that his w hole company amounted to but twen
ty men, and that of this corps or crew he was
the commander, in naval phrase ; and when
we are apprised that his portfolio of scenerv,
sketched on the s|nt in pencil, and in water
colors kept fluid over a spirit-lamp, amounts to
over three hundred sketches, we have a hint
of the extent and variety of the offices he till
ed 011 this voyage. He was in fact the sur
geon, sailing-master, astronomer and natural
ist, as well as captain and leader of the cx
dition.
'J his man of all work, and desperate daring
and successful doing, is in height about five
feet seven inches ; in weight, say one hundred
and thirty |K>unds or so, if health and rest
would hut give him leave to fill up his natural
measure. His complexion is fair, his hair
brown, and his eyes dark gray, with a haw k
look. He is a hunter by every gift and grace
and instinct that makes up the character ; an
excellent shot, and a brilliant horseman. He
has escaped with whole bones from all his ad
ventures, but lie has several wounds which are
troublesome; and, with such general health as
his, most men would call themselves invalids.
ami live oil furlough from all the active duties
of life ; yet he has won the distinction of I ic
ing the first civilized man to stand in latitude
I legs. 30 inin. and gaze upon the open I'o
lar Sea—to reach the northernmost point of
land on the glohc—to report the lowest temper
ature ever endured—the heaviest sledge jour
neys ever performed—and the wildest life that
civilized man has successfully undergone ; and
to return after all to tell the story of his ad
ventures
The secret spring of all this energy is in his
e'igions cut! usi IMII —d 8 overcd alike in the ge
nerous spirit of his adventures in pursuit of sci
ence ; in his enthusiastic fidelity to duty, and
in his heroic maintenance of the point of honor
in all his intercourse with men.
In his deportment there ir> that mixture of
shyness and frankness, simplicity and fastidious
ness, sandwiched rather than blended, which
marks the man of genius, and the monk of in
dustry. lie seems confident in himself but not
of himself. His in inner is remarkable for ce
lerity of movement, alert attentiicucss, quick
ness of comprehension, rapidity of utterance
and sententious compactness of diction, which
arises from a habitual watchfulness against tbe
betrayal of his own enthusiasms, lie steins to
fear that he is boring you, and is nlwnvs dis
covering his unwillingness "to sit" for your
admiration. If you question him about the
handsome official acknowledgments of his ser
vices by the Rritish and A inerican governments,
or in any way endeavor to turn him upon his
own gallant achievements, he hurries you away
from the subject to sonic point of scientific in
terest which he presumes w ill more concern and
engage yourself ; or he says or does something
that makes you think he is occupied with his
own inferiority in some matter which your con
versation presents to him. One is obliged to
struggle with him to maintain the tone of re
spect which his character and achievements de
serve ; and when the interview is over, a feel
ing of disappointment reuiuius for the failure
in your efforts to ransack the man as you wish
ed, and to render the tribute which you owed
him.
Wo wish we could be sure that he will not,
in his forthcoming work, give us the drama
without its hero ; or we wish the expedition
and its hero had a chronicler as worthy as he
would be were he nut the principal character
in the story.
I)r. Kane's Narrative of the Expedition, now
preparing, and in process of publication by
Messrs Childs & Peterson of Philadelphia, w ill
embrace the important discoveries made in the
frozen regions far beyond the reach of all the
predecessors of the American exploring party,
and their jieriloos adventures, crowded with
romantic incidents, which, in the language of
the Secretary of the Navy, "not only excite
our wonder, bnt borrow a novel grandeur from
the truly benevolent considerations which ani
mated and nerved him to his task.''
Law is like an eel trap, very easy to
g t in, Irtit \cry difficult to get out of
A Yankee in a Coal Screen.
In order to load the coal boats on the Lehigh
canal, a short but steep inclined plane of about
one hundred and fifty feet in length is made at
the chute which runs from astution on the side
of the mountain, to a large circular revolving
screen, which has three large chambers, thro'
which coal of as many sizes is shot, by soup
pers, into just as many boats, waiting for dif
ferent descriptions of I lie article.
A few months since, a Yankee, quite inqui
sitive, but more verdant than a Yankee should
be, gained the station house, and looked with
wonder at the contrivances, lie particularly
admired the swiftness with which the loaded
car descended and emptied its load, and the
velocity with which it returned to give place to
another.
Shortly his attention was attracted by see
ing a laborer mount one of the full cars about
to make the descent.
" (j'oing to slide ?" inquired lie.
" Yes ; going to chute ; won't you go ?"
" Wall, I guess I'll stop a bit, and see how
you do it.*'
The car swiftly descended, and ere it reach
ed the hopper, the passenger jumped off safety.
" Do you do that often ?" inquired he of one
of the laborers in the station house.
" Oh, yes, continually," was the waggish
answer. " You know most all, the boatmen
are single men, and they have orders for " fa
mily coal," we always send down a married
man with every car of that kind, to let 'em
know."
" Wall, now, du tell,' uttered the eastern
man.
The more the Yankee looked at the appara
tus the more did lie become convinced that it
would be a great tiling to go down the steep
in that way ; something that he could tell ' to
hum.'
Plucking up courage, he approached the su
perintendent.
" That beats sliding down hill, don't it?"
" I 'spose it does."
" You couldn't let a feller go down, could
you ?"
" Why, do you think you could jump off in
time ?"
" Oh, yes, I'm reckoned considerable of a
jumper—jumping does me good. I oncejumji
ed off a haymow thirty feet high, and it made
me so suple that I'm given in to be the best
dancer in the hull township."
Suddenly, the car moved off, and our friend
found the sj>eed so fearful, and the declivity so
great that he was forced to stoop down and
grasp the side of the vehicle for support. The
place where the laborer had leaped off was
reached, but the Yankee was not in a position
to jump, he had to hold on ; and ruutiingdowu
a descent three times as steep as that which lie
had come, a sudden click shot out the bolt,and
with a violent force, out went the contents,
Yankee included, into the hopper.
'* Murder 1 get out ! stop the eonsarn !" —
shouted our hero, as he felt himself sliding
down the hopper to the cylinder. " .Murder !
stop the consani ! I'll be killed !" Put the
motive power of the " consaru " was water,
which had no sympathy with those who pursue
knowledge under difficulties, and those who saw
were too distant, and too much convulsed with
laughter to yield assistance. Into the screen
he slid, landing on the top, and as he felt him
self revolving with the coal, he grasped the
wires in desperation to prevent himself from
being rolled to the bottom. Around the wheel
he went, and our friend's sensibilities were
touched up by a plentiful shower of coal dust,
riddled through from all the chambers.
lie managed to get one eye open, and saw
with delight that the cylinder was only about
fifteen feet in length, and he forced his way
forward to the opening with desperation, but
was not altogether .successful ; another revolu
tion of the wheel had yet to be borne, and the
next time lie reached the bottom he was shot
out of the scupper into the boat beneath. To
the screams of laughter with which his advent
was hailed, our hero said not a word, but get
ting out an old handkerchief, rubbed the dust
of his eyes, and, surveying his torn apparel and
bruised, battered, scratched and cut limbs, he
"raised his vein" to know wiiat quality of an
thracite had been delivered—wlien, smashing
his remnant of a hat over his eyes, he stumped
off, muttering " Lrtf.en and screened , by thun
der !"
Tur. BKIKH IX. —The following exquisite
story is by Lama'tine :
In the tribe of Ncggdeh there was a horse
whose fame was spread far and near ; and a
Bedouin of another tribe, by name Duher de
sired extremely to possess it. Having offer
ed in vain for it Lis camels and bis whole
wealth, he hit at length upon the following
device, by which he hoped to gain the object
of his desire.
He resolved to stain his face with juice of
an herb, to clothe himself in rags, to tie his
legs and neck together, so as to appear like
a lame beggar. Thus equipped, he went to
wait for Nabcr, the owner of the horse, who
he knew was to pass that way. When he
saw Naber approaching on his beautiful steed,
he cried out in a weak voice,
" I em a joor stranger ; for three days I
have been unable to move from this point to
seek food. I am dying—help, and Heaven
will reward you !"
The Bedouin kindly offered to take him
upon his horse and carry him home ; but the
rogue replied :
" I cannot rise, I have no strength left."
Xnber, touched with pitv, dismounted, led
his horse to the spot, and with great difficul
ty set the seeming beggar on his back. But
no sooner did Daher feel himself in the saddle
than he set spurs to the horse and galloped
off, calling out as he did so :
" It is I, Daher ; I have got the horse and
am off with it."
Nalier called out to him to Rtop and listen.
Certain of not being pursued, he baited at a
short distance from Naber, who was armed
with a spear.
" You have taken my horse," said Naber.
" Since hcaicu lia: willed it, I wish you joy
with it : but I do conjure you never to tell
how you obtained it."
" Ah ! why not," said Dalier.
" llecause," said the noble Arab, "another
might be really ill, uud men would fear to
help him. You would In* the cause of many
refusing to perform an act of charity, for fear
of being du|KHl as I have been."
Struck with the shame of these words, Da
lier was silent for a moment ; then springing
from the horse, he returned it to its owner,
embracing him. Naber made hiui accom
pany him to his tent, where they spent a few
days together, and became friends for life.
%
Orf:\ rnr Gate. —" I wish you would send
a hoy to open the gate lor me." said a boy of
ten years old to his mother, as he jmsscd with
his books under his arm.
" Why, John, cannot you open the gate for
yourself ?" said his mother. "A Imy uf vour
age and strength ought certainly to be able to
do that."
" I could do it, I suppose," said the bov,
" but it is heavy, uml 1 do not like the trou
ble. The servant can open it for 111 c just as
well. What is the use of having servants,
if they are not to wait upon us ?" thought he
to himself.
The servant was sent to oj>on the gate. The
boy passed out, and went whistling on his way
to school. When he reached his seat in the aca
demy, he drew from his bug of books his arith
metic, and began to look at the sums.
1 cannot do those," he whispered to the
next scholar ; " they arc too hard."
" Jsut you can try," replied his companion.
1 know that i can try," said John, " but
it is too much trouble. Dray, w hat are teach
ers for if not to help us out of our difficulties f
I shall carry my slate to Mr. llelpwell, the
usher."
Alas }Kor John. He had come to another
closed gate—a gate leading into a path of use
ful knowledge. He could have opened it, and
entered in alone ; but he had come to the
conclusion that it was as well to have the
gates opened for us as to exert our own
strength.
The result w as, he had no "genius" for such
a kind of study.
The same was true of Latin. Ho could have
learned the declensions of the nouns and the
conjunctions of the verbs as well as others of
his age ; but he got other boys to do his exer
cise, and what the use in opening the gate into
the Latin language w hen others would do it for
him. OH, no, John Easy had no idea of task
ing his mind or body when he could avoid it,
and the consequence was that numerous gates
remained closed to him all his life—gates to
honor —gates to usefulness—gates to happiness!
Children, yon should early learn that it is al
ways best to help yourselves.
KEEP root..—Those calm and rational ob
servations to " lake it coolly," and "never cry
for spilled milk," are very good till they are
needed. They arc very salutary before the fe
ver kindles or the milk is spilled ; but in the
presence of pain: or the advent of a disaster,
to all but those who arc gifted with fortitude
bv nature, or have been disciplined in the
school of affliction, they are about as effectual
as whistling in the teeth of a nor'wester.
Their nttcr impotence in the storiu of passion
reminds me of the directions given by u good
New Kngland deacon to his choleric soil :
" Whenever you feel your anger rising," said
lie, " be sure to say the Lord's prayer, my son,
or else the alphabet, clean through ; arid long
before you get to the end on't, you'll beaseool
as a encumber or an iceberg. Promise me faith
fully, my son."
" Yes, daddy, I promise."
Off trudged Jonathan to school, carrying his
bread and meat, with a small bottle of molasses
in his jacket pocket, and his late linn promise
uppermost in his mind.
A boy, who bore him an old grudge, met
liiin, and after calling him the " young dea
con," and other scurrilous nicknames, caught
liiin off his guard and threw him to the ground,
tearing his jacket and breaking his molasses
bottle.
Now, it is said by censorious Southerners
that a Yankee will take a great many hard
names with the patience of a martyr—his spir
it is word-proof ; but tear his clothes or cheat
his bellv, and lie will tight to the knife.
l*p jumped Jonathan, his eyes Wolfish and
his lips white with rage. Hut "there was an
oath in heaven," and he did not forget it. Rio
lie proceeded to swallow his alphabetical pills—
an antidote to wrath not mentioned in the " Re
gimen Snleriiitanum, ncr recognized by the
British College."
" A, B, C, —you've torn! my jacket— l>, E,
F, —you've spilt my 'lasses—(r, 11, I, J, K, —
you're a tarnal rascal—L, M, N, O, P, Q, —
I'll larn you better manners, you scamp, you,
It, S, T, I", V, X, Y, /. omjtersaiui —now I'll
pound your in skies out o' you, jou encroaehiu'
willain !"
And with that, Jonathan, whose passion had
been mounting alphabetically through all his
father's prescriptions of vowels and consonants,
caught the young scapegrace, and, throwing
him down, was proceeding to work off each of
the deacon's twenty-six anti-irascible pills in
the shajte of a dozen hearty fisteuffs, which
might perhaps, have brought the poor fellow
to the Omega of his days, had not the timely
approach of a passenger interrupted the mani
pulations. So much for rules to control the
passions.
At an assemblage of a few friends one
evening lately, the absence of a lady was no
ticed, whiee was apologized for by an acquain
tance, who stated that she was detained by a
" little incident."
" Ah, yea !" exclaimed Mrs J. Clatterbell,
" and a beautiful incident it was too ; weighs
just nine pounds and a half."
feir Never let people work for you gratis.
Two years ago a man carried a bundle home
for us, ami we have been lending him two
shillings ever sim^
VOL, XVI. —NO. 34.
AFFAIRS IN KANSAS.
th: b jroir ruffians sustained:
MESSAGE OF THE PRESIDENT.
VCASHISOTON, Jan. 21, 18J(5.
To tht Smitlf ami Iftru't of Rrpmrntativr* :
Circumstances have occurred to disturb tho
course of governicntal organization in the
Territory of Kansas, and produce there a con
dition of things which renders it incumbent on
me to call your attention to the subject, and
urgently recommend the adoption by you of
such measures of legislation as the grave exi
gencies of the case appear to require.
A brief exjosltion of the circumstances re
ferred to. ami of their causes, will be necessary
to the full understanding of the recommenda
tions which it is proposed to subnrt.
The act to organize the Territories of Ne
braska and Kansas was a manifestation of tho
legislative opinion of Congress on two grent
points of constitutional construction : One,
that the designation of the boundaries of a
new Territory, ami provision for its political
organization and administration as a Territo
ry, are measures which of right fall within tho
power, of the General Government ; and tho
other, that the inhabitants of any such Terri
tory, eon-idem! as an inchoate State, ere en
titled, in the exercise of self-government, to
determine for themselves what shall be their
own domestic institutions, subject only to the
Constitution and the laws duly enacted by Con
gress under it, and to the power of the exist
ing States to decide, according to the provi
sions and principles of the Constitution, at
what time the Territory shall be received as a
State into the L nion. Such are the great jo
--litical rights which are solemnly declared and
and affirmed by that act.
Based upon this theory, the act of Con
gress defined for each Territory the outlines
of republican government, distributing public
authority among the lawfully created agents—
executive, judicial and legislative— to be ap
pointed either by the General Government or
by the Territory. The legislative functions
were intrusted to a Council and a House of
Representatives, duly elected and empowered
to enact all the local laws which they might
deem essential to their prosperity, happiness
and good government.
Acting in the same spirit, Congress also de
fined the persons who were in the first instance
to be considered as the people of each Territo
ry ; enacting that every free white male inha
bitant of the same above the age of tweotv-ono
years, being an actual resident thereof, and
jiossessing the qualifications hereafter describ
ed, should be entitled to vote at the first elec
tion, and be eligible to any office within tho
Territory ; but that the qualifications of voters
and holding office ut all subsequent elections
should be such as might be prescribed by tho
Legislative Assembly : Provided, however,that
the right of suffrage and of holding office should
be exercised only by citizens of the United
State, and those who should have declared on
o.ith their intention to become such, and have
taken an oath to support the Constitution of
the United States and the provisions of tho
act ; And provided, further, that no officer,
soldier, seaman or marine, or other person in
the army or navv of tlie United States, or at
tached to troops in their service, should be al
lowed to vote or hold office in either Territory
by reason of being on service therein.
Such of the public officers of the Territories
as, by the provisions of the act, were to be ap
pointed by the General Government, including
the Governors, were appointed and commission
ed in due season—the law having been enact
ed on the 3'lth of May, 1854, and the commis
sion of the Governor of the Territory of Ne
braska being dated on the 2d day of August,
1854, and of the Territory of Kansas on the
20th dav of June, 1854.
Among tlie duties imposed by the act on the
Governors was that of directing and superin
tending the political organization of the re
spective Territories. The Governor of Kansas
was required to cause a census or enumeration
of tiie inhabitants and qualified voters of the
several counties and districts of the territory to
be taken by si e i person and in si:c't mode as
he might designate and appoint ; to appoint
ami direct the time i n I places of holding the
first elections, and the manner of conducting
them, both as to the persons to superintend
such elections and the returns thereof ; to de
clare the mindier of the members of the Coun
cil and House of Representatives for each coun
ty or district ; to declare what persons might
lie duly elected ; and to appoint thu
time and place of the first meeting of the Le
gislative Assembly. In substance, the same
duties were devolved on the Governor of Ne
braska.
While, by this act, tlic principle of constitu
tion for each of the Territories was one anil
the same, ami the details of organic legislation
regnrding both wore as nearly as could lie iden
tical. and while the Territory of Nebraska was
tranquilly and successfully organized in the due
course of law. and its first LegLlative Assem
met on the ltith of January, 1855, the organi
zation of Kansas was long delayed, and has
been attended with serious difficulties and em
barrassments, partly the consequence of local
mal-admiuistration, ami partly of th* unjustifi
able interference of the inhabitants of some of
the States, foreigu'by residence, interests, and
rights to the territory.
The tJovemor oT the Territory of Kansas
commissioned, as More stated, on the 20th of
June. 1854, did not reach the design ited seat
of Ids tlovcrnmcnt until the 7th of the ensuing
October ; an I be then failed to make the first
step in its legal organization--that of ordering
the census or enumeration of its inhabitants -
until so late a day that the election of tho
members of the Legislative Assembly did not
take place until the 30th of March, 1855, nor
its meeting nut ill the 2d of July, 1855; so that,
for a year after the Territory was constituted
by the act of Congress, ami the officers to be
appointed by the Federal Kxeeutive had been
commissioned, it was without a complete no
TcrnnmiO. without nn>- lori-lntive authori"*.