CS-1- 1
:74 -
_ _
Vrecgoro a4povtg-r.
Towanda, Wednesday, April 21, 1847
DEMOCRATIC NOMIN A TIONS
FRANCIS R. SHUNK
TON CANAL ColMissloNcii,
MORRIS LONGSTRETIL
I=3
lio Mistake.
rig - We are preparing all accounts on oar b00k... of more
than one years' staiehtig. for collect on. arid as soon as we can
arraneq thein. they will be placed ilt the hands of a inn; finite
for immediate promeiMon. No distinction will be made I,Ve
shall positively. SUE • EVERY ACCOUNT MORE THAN
ONE YEAR OLD Those wino know themselves indebted
for more than a year. will do well to pay op and rave roam.
We are compelled to be that. rigid—sanply because we owe
money, and must t• - ay it and our only re,ource is the amount
dine from delinquent sul,eribers. for advertising. hint work. &r.
To the feart.vho have been prompt and punctual in parng
their dues—we tender our Ilia,
The Wilmot Proviso—lts true object.
We have inn:llde] fur some weeks, to refer to this sub
ject again, for the purpose of exhibiting 6 more clearly the
legitimate purposes of the Proviso itself, and to show
that its mover and supporters were governed throughout,
not only by clear and unquestionable Democratic princi
ples, but that they were also suramed by the moat em
phatic precedents, establi,hed by Congress itself. We
have collected some Statistical facts to aid us in this mat
ter, from a cotemporary, who has warmly espoused tae
cause of the Provisa,and furnished some of the strongest
arguments of 'defence against its assailants we hive seen;
a portion of which we shall introduce into our columns
in the progress of our writing.
The Wilmot Proviso trot been assailed as ill imrd and
out-of place; and its author denounced even by profes
sing democrats as an opposer of the measures of the
Administration, and especially the present war with
Mexico, for the manly zeal with which he successfully
urged its passage, tliiough that branch of Congress of
which he was a Menthes. The same spirit of ;terser-to
lion which 'swabs Mr. Wilmot 'for his support of his
proviso, might with equal_propriety be transfer', d
every member of either HOllte who sustained it ; awl
especially might it be directed against Gen. Cameron, of
the Senate, who voted throughout on every p o i n t w i t h
Mr. Wilmot in favor of his proviso, and when the pro
viso itself was finally voted down, united wilt Mr. Wil
mot in voting against the throe million btli because the
prorisn 1063 stricken out.
We do not design this arti. le either as a eulogy or
defence of Gen. Cameron or Mr. ‘Vilmui: hut we can-
not refrain from bearing our testimony to the Democratic
independence and patriotism with which they unitedly
rendered their support to this great national question.—
Senator Cameron sustained Mr. Wilmot in this patriotic
movement most heartily and efficiently. For this the
people will revere' him, and the names of Wilmot and
Cameron will pass down to posterity as the 'sincere and
unwavering (fiends of the fights of man.
In order to a full understanding of this ;uljeet, we
• shall probably be under the necessity of extending our
remark., for several weeks, and hence in the prernt
niAmber shall confine ourselves to farts, estehlishing,itie
legitimate olject of the iirovi.o as oared by Mr.
Vi, iltnoL
What, then, is the qiiestion ? Our nation is at war
with Mexico, nod it is universally conceded, that at the
conclusion of this war a large and indefinite extent of
territory l y ing between the R o Ganda and ilie.PaciEtc,
now•lrelopging to Mexico, must pass under the sovereign.
ty of the prited States. Throughout all that territory—
barbarous as is the population,.inadequate as is the pro-
teclion alorded by the laws to the persona mil the pro
perty of individuals, and liable as are the poor to various
forms of oppression—the institution of negro slain ry
does not 'exiit. Once it existed there, under the laws
of Spain. But for now newly twenty years it haabeen
abolished. The ipiestion, therefore, is not whether sla
very shall be abolished in the territory now to be ac
quired, or in any part of it, hilt whether slavery shall be
introduced and established there by the sovereign power
of the American Union.
The !mot proviso is simply an attempt to present
the consummation of this stupendous crime against pus
terity and the human lace. It proposes nut even the
remotest inter:erente with the domestic atfairs of any
State in the Union, but only that the arms and treasure
of the United States 2ball not be employed. nor the
blo d of our free people shed for the propagation of
slavery. The adoption of it by Congress would be simp
ly a declaration beforehand, on the part of the represen
tatives of the people in one House, and the representatives
of the States its the other, that from this. time forward
the armies and navy, the treasure and the blood, the di
plomacy and legislation of the whole Union.shall not be
derked_ to the nefarious purpase of spreading that bar
barous institution over regions now unpolluted by the
footsteps of a slave.
New laws imposed upon a conquered province pro
ceed from the sovereignty of the conqueringpower. As
the laws of California, 'Chihuahua, Coahuila, New Le
an and Tamaulipas now stand, no slaves can be intro
duced into any of those provinces without becoming ipso
facto free, If aftSt those provinces, or any of them, be.
come territories of the United States, : their laws respect
ing slavery shall tie chanted, the change must be made
either directly by an act of Congress, or indtreetly by
some subordinate and dependent power created hy Con
grew for that purpose. A Stare, being sovere ig n, may
make whatever laws it pleases within the limitations
which it, ha; impoged upon its own sovereignty by ac
ceding to the Federal -Constitution. But an organized
territory has no more lipvereignti than the city of Wash
rit bat. Its laws 4 can have no force but by the au
thority of Congress. It is in a condition of dependence
and pupilage, and it ii governed in trust for the - ieriple
of the United States with reference to its becoMing a
Stare when it shall hove grown large enough tit s be a
I. /1/erViclll
There is -Inn truth, then, in the pretence which has
been set up in some quarters, that the question raised by
Mr. Wiloadis proviso, e, a renewal of the Missouri ques
tion. Such a pretense is set up for no better purpose
than to divert attention from the true nature of the ques
tion ROW to he decided
Undouhte.lly,. if any of the Mexican proeinees now
held by military occupation, are to be retained and add
ed to our empire with a sieve to their ultimately being
farmed into States, and incorporated into the Union.
there must immediately begin to be new laws, adapted
to the altered nature of the government, and to the
cLangei which will take place in the population. Those
new laws cannot begin otherwise than with some -posi
tive legislciurt,on the part of Congress. Nor can Con
gress act in the matter and not act either with the in
tendon of Evening free Strea, Or with ths. Intention of
forming alive States. The wet "of Congress that shall
organize California, or any part of it, under a territorial
government, will necessarily contain the seeds of all,lbe
laws to be enacted by that government. Such an get
of Congress wilt be the charter or constitution, the or
ganic law of• the territorj, subject to repral or amend
ment by other ems of Congress.-till the-time comes :for
the people to organize themselves as a State. Accord
ing to the nature and provisions of that organic law, will
he the Slate that shall grow op under Let that or
ganic law confirm the law of liheny as we find it in
corer upon the soil we conquer; and when the territory
shall become a State.ihere will be no room Pura Missou
ri quenion in regard to the Union.
ft the acti• n of Congress in the decision of the Mils.
gond quostion is a precedent which must have the same
force as precedents have in courts of law, it is iMportant
inquire what it was that was then decided. What
were thei principles which that decision involved!
1. It was decided, in the decision of the Missouri ques
tion—so far ait there is any force in the paw, dent—thst
when a territory partially settled has been ceded La the
United S•ates with slavery !already established upon the
twil, and has been permitted to grow inW' State with
alavm'y Gonne alit.' fundamental institutions, theth the
exikence of slavery in that State shall not exclude it
from the Union. Or we may even admit that the pre.
tedent—if it is a precedent—goes farther. and forbids us
to shdt put any State merely because it is not a free
State.
-2: It was also decided—if the derision on the Mitt
*nun question is a precedent—that Congress has full
parer to prohibit slavery in territones under its govern.
ment. In the -.Missouri compromise,' as it is called.
Sit was provided not that slavery should be established
anywhere., hut that in all the territories that remained
under the control of the Federal government -north of
36 degrees and 30 minutes, which is the southern
boundary of Missouri, slas'ery should be forever pro.
hibited.
3. If we kok for any other principle in that decision,
we and,enly this, viz. that the best and mmt unexcep
tionable tine for deliberately determining whether a given
territory shall be made into slave States or free States,
is the earliet time, while the question is not whether
slavery shall be abolished, but whether it shall be in
troduced.
'Surely. then, if the decision of the Missouri question
hes any authority as a precedent, the time to decide in
regard to the introduction of slavery into provinces con-
quered from Mexico, or to he conquered, is now. Let it
be dertd.ll that this war, with whatever motives it was
b.-gun, shall not end in turning Mexico, or any part of
it, into a market for traffic in human flesh.
- 1, 4
The Northern Democrat &the Bank.
We did not intend in our remarki addressed to the
Northe.n Democrat, to exhibit any asperity of feeling.
But, we calve.' when we saw the article in their paper
about us and the Bank, we were somewhat astonished,
and could not but view it as an attempt to "bolster up
a rotten institution," even at the expense of true demo
cratic principles. We rejoice however to learn from the
Democrat, that they hold themselves "uncompromising
opponents of corporate powers, whether Banking insti
tutions, Steam Mills, or Iron manufacturing Companies,
.54. c.," and that they "have no motedispositiolt than the Re
porter to bolster up any dangerous orrotten institution
whert convinced that such is its throatier." Well,
what will convince you! Must we wait till a Bank
actually fails and makes a Tull exhibit of its rottenness!
Surely we have had this evidence of the Susquehanna co.
Bank :to our heart's content. It is not be expected
that a rotten institution will promulgate their own weak
ness and insolvency ft is a part of their' tlan of 'peen
lations-to conceal their deformity and deceive the public.
We never knew one, even in its last throes, but what
declared its full ability to meet its engagements. Even
the Towanda Bank, to its very last hour, sent out wonla
of encouragement to its creditors that all would be final
ly psid; and this story was repeated and reiterated by its
ofio,l a, while its notes were steadily declining from 25
per rant. until they finally became utterly worthless.—
Such is the history of all rotten and broken Banks.—
Such is the history of the Susquehanna county Bank at
its first failure, and such will be its history when it final
ly "kicks the bucket."
If the Drmocrat really and sincerely desires the evi
dence of the unsoundness and insolvency of the Bank,
we can give it to their entire satisfaction.
Without, however, going fully into detail at this time,
we would ask our democratic friends if they were ever
aware how the capital of $lOO.OOO tau "all paid in 1"
Did they ever know that $60,000 of that capital was
in the shape of a certificate of depolite with A— and
p— of New York—and that said certificate of de
posite, within six months slier the Bauk went into
operation was abstracted from the Bank, and two joint
notes of certain stockholders—one for $15,000, the other
for $48,3 , 10 63 (which included interest) were given in
place of the abstracted certificate of deposite 1
Did they ever know that these joint stock notes con
tinued to count as part of the capital of said Bank until
about the .irne of its failure, when they too were abstrac
ted from the Bank and have never been returned or
pail ?
Friends of the Demoentt—ponder these things--and
say if this be not a dangerous and rotten institution.
We could give you many more equally astounding--
but would like you to be satisfied on this one point.-
- We have a detailed account of the origin and progress
of this worthless corporation with the names of all the
actors—dates and figures " to ba,lance"—all of which
will be forth coming in due time.
Tara H••atsnuao Anons.-'lWe neglected to notice
lust week that Col. Salisbury of this county had assumed
the editorial control of the Argus—one of the democratic
papers published at the seat of government. The Argus
comes to us this week bearing bountiful fruit of the !s
-tairs of the Col.'s pen in !eventl ably written articles.
He has proudly unfurled the Democratic Banner, and
the names of Shank and l.ongstreth now Boat in the
breeze at the mast head of the Argus ;—while, true to
his democratic principles, the Cll. nig= their election
with unusual ardor and ability:
We rejoice at this acquisition of talent and strength
to our cause. The Atgus will, we doubt not. unde?the
administration of its new editor, prove
.an efficient co.
laborer in the campaign before us.
New Yons: CITY. at her charter election Eau gone
for the Federalists—Federal Mayor and Councils. The
Democrats were divided and run 'several tickets, while
the federalists run .away with the Wilma. The demo
cratie candidate for Alms house Commissioner, was elec
ted by about the same majority as the federal Mayor,
proving that the Democrats might have elected every
thing by being united. In union there is strength.
0:7 The Antigen* question, which has so long *gna
w*/ &mu, of the counties of New York, it seems. is in •
lair way of being settled. The tenants on the Van
fietisale A r ovtrwr ace purchasing the tide to the property
they occupy ; the owners having e , nsented to dispose of
a by sale in order to settle the difficulty.
tartosins.-7Dupnt's Powder Mills, near Wilming•
exploded again on Tuesday of last week, destroying
be brags/elan workmen employed in the mills.
•
EZZCOTIONS 11111 PauserivaxliThere are nowno
less than three persons ander sentence of death in Penn,
Oltenia. _ Mo ler is ; to be executed in Philadelphia, on
Pridayithe 22d inn,- -The aeathlearranrat John Hag=
gerty has bred signed by the Grorernor;and lie, will be
executed on been', signed
July nexf,at Lancaster. Reijel
is *inlet eenteegii of death at Pittaburg s: , and we learn
that soother itidividosl stands"' under ttontlenuuttionin
BritrifOrd county. -
' 'Me find t e foregUing in Ilse New TUritCllette: The
information is correct except the statement that " an
"her in4bridcal stands under condemnation in Dradtani
county."- The individual- referred to has not yet had his
wial--of course cannot item!, under condemnation.
- Highly Imp:giant from the Artily !
•
Amager Severe Battle- 7 .oyr arms again
Picloriona.2oo Mexicana killed-12,12m
ericaus killed. 30 frotoried—Mexieaa P re .
parationsfor (Vence.
We are ag4ito indebted to our attentive friend
and coriespoodent in Pittsburg. for exelusive
news from New Mexico, broiled to that city
via St. Louis. in advance of mail
The Si. Lnuia rivers of the oth inet. con
tain sigma, from Santa Fe 'to theJCI'M Feb.,
which have been received there, nith full de
isil4 of the shocking massecre.at Tads and the
subtequent
After the severe encounter between our for
ces and the Mexicans near Santa Fe, to'.
Price with 300 men and four. howi•xers, pro
crested towards the valley or Puebla. where
two large houses. as impregnable as forts, and
a church had been strongly fortified by the
enemy, with every show of determined rests
since. They readied there January 31.1, and
immediately commenced the attack. At the
first charge of the Dragoons and r Capt. Bur
guin, and the infantry. seven of our men were
killed and several wounded. Capt. Burguin
received a fatal wound, a shin having penetra
ted his lungs as he was gallantly leading his
conmpany to the attack.
When the houses were taken and the church
stormed. the Mexiealia fled, but were overta
ken by the dragoons, and the victory was com•
pieta and decisive. From 150 to 2.00 of the
Mexicans were killed and a large number
wounded. The American forces lost 12 in
kilted and 30 wounded. This 'total route will
end the insurrectioulry war for the present.
Dates from El PASAII to Jan. 29111, have
been received. ltlaj Clark had arrived there
with the long expected Artillery. Col. Doni•
phan was hastening all preparations for his
march upon Chihuahua.. Capt. Mitchell bad
pushed forward with his Company twenty one
miles in advance of the main body. Col. Doni
[than intended to take up his line of march on
the 6,h of Feb.
He was perfectly confident of the success
of his expedition and the capture of Chihuahua.
He had been informed of the departure of Gen.
‘Vool for Saltillo, and was making his prepar
ations without any view to cO operation from
the South. Col. Dnniphau's a 'vices were
that 5000 Mexicans had assembled for the de
fence of Chihuahua. but these reports were
doubtless exonerated. From all accounts
there were nn Mexican reinforcements or sup
plies to be hoped for nearer than Dura-go.
ESTRAORDINA,RY have just relorned from
witnessing one of the most extraordinary spec
ttcles—the mdst extraordinary of ito kind that
I ever beheld. It was no lees a pied than the
body of a fine, matronly old lady, a Mrs.
Friend; who at the age of sixty•eight years.
was seventeen years ago interred in the grave
yard at the corner of Broadway and Twelfth
streets, from which the bodies are now being
removed for the purposes of speculation in and
improvement•' of the land. Esrly last week
the hotly of this old lady was taken up. and
before reinterment, her son. Mr. Frederick
Friend, who was superintending the removal,
under the impulse of the religious love for his
mother which he had ever felt . , and which lied
received a melancholy quickening by the sad
duly lie was performing. loosened and raised
the lid of her wholly undecayed coffin for the
purpose of taking a view of what might remain
of the face of her he had so loved no earth.
What was his astonishment to Mid that face
as untouched by decay as it was the day she
died, with the exeeption of the sunken eyes—
nut even soiled by a tint of corruption, hot, on
the contrary, retaining all the fullness it posses.
sed when he had last viewed it; and entirely
unchanged, except that the skin haul become
as white, pure and smooth as an haunt's, and,
apparantly glazed over so as to perfectly re
semble white satin, over the whole was a thick
covering of filmy . mould. Astonishment over
came him. and all who first witnessed - the mar ;
vel. On applying his hand to her face. he
found it-firm, and of about the consistency of
the hardest tallow, or sperm ; and upon exgin
inalion, after he had removed the body to his
house. No. 48 Ludlow street, the whole person
was found to be in the same astonishing con
dition. He inimediate'y obtained all outer cof
fin; with a large glass top over the whole, in
to which the body was placed and in which it
now remains, retaining the same astonishing
appearance and condition which it presented
when first exhumed. When first exposed to
the atmosphere the skin of the face was remo
ved in Fiona from which the ii ould lost its
whiteness and turned almost black, but it has
slightly recovered its whiteners since it has
been protected in the new coffin. tier husband
and several children were buried around, but
these. as well as more than 2000 others buried
in the same yard, underwent the natural pro
eras of decay,. The bones appear to have be
come Incorporated in substance with the flesh.
which, upon being.probed, presented much
the appearance of dry tallow, or old dry cheese:
I understand that some of our most celebrated
physicians are making this anomally the sub-
ject of profound sci.oltific investigation.
TILE VICTORY.ILLUNINATION OF TIIE As-
TOR House —The illumination ut the Astor.
of which due notico was given. came off in a
brilliant style last evening The 'whole fiont
of that building' was resplendent with light, pre
sentinga most magnificent spectacle. The four
centre windows) were occupied with transpa
rencies bearing the names of Palo Alto, Rcsaca
de la Palma, Monterey and ,Buena Vista. '
A select band played several national airs,
and General Gaines, at the entreaties of the
multitude whaled assembled to witness the
affair, came forward and made a few pertinent
remarks in relation to General Taylor. -
At the close oithe illlumination a very bcau
!Wul piece of fire Works was.displayed, bearing
the name of General Taykikwhieli was reeeiv
4ith much 'enthusiasm.,, The illumination
countinued forty-five minutes, and the time oc
cupied in lighting the candleS, twelve hundred
in number.- according to the Tribune's statement,
was exactly seven minutes. The proprietors
of the Astor House are entitled to much praise
for the patriotism and taste displayed on the tie
easion.—Neto York Post.
Farther Pi - aikido:lof the fittori of tin Cruz
sizteenfiaye interrening between
thelanding capttire Cru z . five,:
daye.'orViolent norther .. in whi ch all
landing of stores afas'iptikkly ii;:terrupted ; and
during seven' days. of Ono; treneyes, there were
two deks and nights to which kwas itnpossi:
hid to undertake an - Y - li7W of eien In
clear the trenches and batteries of large (pan
' tales of: drift Sand.. . _
• The bombardment of - Vera Cruz Was poet
mined several hours. by the orders of General
'Scott, after all the arrangements to commence
operations had been made, with the humane
view of inducing the Mexicans to send the wo
men and children out of the city, and he prof
fered his aid to ‘ place them rut of the way of,
danger.t is much to be regretted that :his.
Proposition was not [weeded to. alit is estima
ted that upwards of 800 of the inhabitants were
killed during the engagement.
Gen. Scott having completed his entrench
menus on the 221 ult., his line nine miles in
length, emnpletely surrounding the city, open
ed his batteries, consisting of nine 'mortar:.
four 24-pounders, and 2 10 inch hoWitzers, at.
about 4 o'clock on the afternoon of that day.—
The city and Castle commenced firing shot
and shell the very moment our troops Were dis
covered taking position. and the firing tetween
both parties, from the time nur batteries open
ed, until the night of the 25th. was heavy amid
uninterrupted. On the 25th, in particular. the
damage done!o the city was immense. A bat
tery of two 32 pounders, and 4 69 pounders,
from . the squadron, manned by seamen, and
commanded by officers from the squadron. was
p'aced directly in ths rear of the city on the
evening oithe 22d, and opened its fire on the
morning of thet..23l Thts battery told with
such powerful effect, that of the twelve batter
ice
of the enemy surrounding the city, five
were directed to if, without having - the least
effect in dampening tbe ardor of those who
worked it. . It was manned by one hundred
and fifty seamen, and commanded by five or
six officers. the party hieing relieved every 24
hours, froin the squadron, and it is univeraally
admitted that no wins in our whole
.line were
worked with better effect. This, however, is
nut the only participation of our gallant - Navy
in the siege. On the evening ofibe 22d, what
is termed the Mosquito fleet, consisting of the
steamers Spit-fire. Capt. Taman, and Vixen.
Capt. Sands,'&gehooner Petrel, Lieut. Shaw ;
Bonita. Lieut. Benham : Reefer, Lieut. Stir
' rest ; Tampico, Lieut. W. P. Griffin ; ant/
Faleon, Lieut. Glasson - ; each vessel having
one heavy gun, and commanded by Capt. Tat
nall, moved up from the anehorege at Sacri
licios, and took position on the extreme right
of our line. close in shore, and commenced fir
ing shot and shell into the city. They retain
ed this position until the morning of the 23d,
when they got under way and stood within
Aunt one quarter of a mile of the Castle, at a
point to the north of the Washerwoman Shoal,
so-that both Castle and city were within reach
of their guns. They remained in this position
during two or three hours, firing alternately in
to the city and Castle, and notwithstanding its
close proximity In the Castle, and the continu
ed fire of shell and shot from that point 'of the
enemy's defences, and from Fort Santiago, at
the southern extremity of the city, not a life
was lest, a wound received, or one of the ves
sels injured.
At the expiration of two or three hours, the
fleet was recalled, hut during the period it was
engag, d.it did much deftruelion to the rite. and
annoyed the Castle considerably by throwing
shell into it.
During the 26th, an extremely violent north
er blew, and the fire on both sties was suspen
ded during the whole day, and from our batter.
les on the 35th being sodesirurtive to the city,
the people clamored fora surrender. Mora
les, the Governor, having declared his intention
never to surrender while, it was possible to fire
a gut. wan deposed, and Landers elected in
his stead ; and on the morning of the Ugh. a
nia of truce was sent from the Mexicans, and
under roved of a truce for the benefit of for
eign familis were overtures for a surrender.—
The batteries of the enemy had been mostly
silent the night previous. Gen Scott appoin
ted a commission, conisistisor of Gens. Worth
and Pillow and Col, Totten, to confer with the
officers selected by the Mexican General Lan
dero. The Mexican 'members of tlee 'com•
mission were Cols. Gutierrci de Villannera.
Lieut. Col. Manuel Rubles and Col. Pedro M.
Herrera.
The terms of capitulation agreed upon are
in substance, that the garrison in the Castle
and different forts march out and I,v dwn
their arms at 1 o'clock, on the 29th of March.
the officers to preserve their sidearms, horses,
saddle and bridles. At the timelhe arms are
I given -over, the Mexican flags are to he saluted
by their own batteries and immediately struck.
alter which the city, the Castle of San Juan
de Ulloa, and the Forts Conception and San
tiago are to be occupied by the division of Gen.
Worth. The Mexican officers are to give pa
role that their men do not again take up arms
until exchanged. In the meantime, all the
arms, munitions of war and public stores in'
the Castle and in the different forts and batter
ies, are to be turned over to the American Ar
my—the armament to be considered as liable
to be restored at the termination of the war, by
a definite treaty of peace with Mexico, which.
means, if I understand it, provided Uncle Sam
pleases. 'f he sick and wounded Mexicans are
to be permitted to remain in the city, "under
their own surgeons, the private property of all
is to be protected, and the religion of the pro.
ple respected.
On the morning of •t!te 29th, Gen. Scott.
with Gen. Worth and his division, accompan- '
fed by the chief officers of the Army and a
large representation from the squadron, enter
ed and took possession, the enemy at the same
time marching out. As the American flag Wag
hoisted at the Plaza, and over San Juan de Ul
loa, salutes were fired simultaneously from the
Castle, the batteries of the city and the squad
ron. Gen. Scott immediately took up his
quarters in the Palace, A; invested Gen. Worth
with the command of the city, assigning at the
same time the command of the Castle to Col.
Belton ; that of Fort Jago, at the southern ex
tremity of the city, to Major Wright, and that
of Fort Conception, at the northern extremity,
to Major Scott.
The city and Castle are to be held by the
Navy, composed of detachments of marines.
and from the crews of several men-of•war.
Capt.` Benjamin Huger, acting Chief of the
Ordnance, was -engaged in the trenches
throughout the investment, and until the capit
ulation.
The attack of COL Ilarney's dreaming here
tofore reported as having been metre on Gen.
La Vega, was upon a body of Rancheros, about
600 in number.
Com. Perry, during the siege, was extreme
ly strict in Rreventintany intercourse betvieen
the foreign vessels of war and the enemy.
_,Cape. John Vinton was killed by .a shell
jihich'sfruck hid) (in topping the paiapet) on
'the side of the face, and rolling down, the fuse
eiplodint; was picked up, and the contents
examined f . it was found to contain on musket
hallsiiarbich' were replaced, and the shell Oat
ardid-by the Princeton to his family.
'llllb. prisoners were mostly 'paroled—some
declining M be paroled, preferring to be sent
as prisoners of war to the United States.
Gen. Scott has shown great promptitude in
following tip his victory. A sufficient force
to take Alvarado was immediately despatched
under Gen. Quitman. The main Army, it is
supposed, would take op the line of march for
the city of Mexico. by way of the castle of
Perote. • Its force is full 13.000 effective.. A
battle was expected at Puenta del Rey. a strong
pass. unless it could be turned, of which there
are 'good hopes.
The U. S. steamer Hunter was wrecked nn
Green Island Reef. on the night of. the 20th
ultimo. after having taken possession of a
prize, supposed to be the Freuch vessel that
run the blockade. The officers and crew of
the steamer were all saved, as were those of
the prize.
In the northers about thirty vessels
, were
more or less injured, and two were lust with
their entire crews.
Midshipman Rogers is still at Perote, but it
is nut believed that it is designed to, harm him.
anti the general opinion is that he would have
been liberated at Vera Cruz, were it riot from
the fear that he would impart to our forces im
portant' information,in relation to the defences
of the city.
Letter from Gem Taylor to• Henry Clay
The Lexington (Ky) Observer publishes the
following letter of Gen. Taylor, addressed to
the Hon. H. Clay. It is creditable to the heart
of the General, as well as to the officers he
mentions, who fell in battle of Buena Vista.
Head Quarters Army of Occupation, /
Agua Nueva, Mexico March 1, 1847. S
ME DEAR SIR:—You will no doubt have
received, before this can reach you, the deeply
distressing. intelligence of your son in the battle
of Buena Vista. It is with no*wish of intruding
upon the sanctuary of `parental sorrow, and
with no hope of administering ally consolation
to your wounded heart, that I have taken the
liberty of addressing you these few lines ; but
feel it a duty which I owe to the menory of
the distinguished dead, to pay a willing tribute
to his many excellent qualities, and yvftile my
feelings are still fresh, to express the desolation
which his untimely loss land that of other kin
dred spirits has occasioned,
I had but a casual acquaintance with your
son, until lie became for a time a member of
my military family, and I can truly say, that no
ever won more rapidly upon my regard, or es
tablished a mote lasting claim to my respect and
esteem. Manly and honorable in every impulse,
with no feeling, but for the honor of the service
and of the country. he gave every assurance that
in the hour of need I could lean with confidence
upon his support. Nor was I disappointed.
Under the guidance of him ;elf and the lamented
McKee. gallantly did the sons of Kentucky in.
the thickest of the strife, uphold the honor of
the State and of the country.
A grateful, people will - do justice to the me
mory of those who fell on th it eventful day.—
But I may be permitted to express the bereave
ment which I fell in the loss of valued friends.
To ynur son I felt bound by the strongest lies
of private regard and when I miss his familiar
face, and those of McKee and Hardin, I can
say with truth, that I feel no exultation in our
SA/CRAM
With the expression of my deepest and most
heartfelt sympathies fur your irreparable loss, I
remain, my dear sir, most faithfully and sincere
ly. • Your friend, Z. TAYLOR
lion: Henry Clay, New Orleans, La,
TILE TARIFF.— W hen the Tariff of 1846
was passed. the Whigs moaned and groaned
from one end of the Union to the other, arid
swore on the altar of their conscience ! never
to rest easy or remain tranquil, until the odious
law of 1846 was repealed and the Tariff of
1842 reinstated. It was in vain that the pe
mocraey proved the Tariff 01 - 1842 to be ruin
ous, unequal and oppressive—that some goods
were raced et s) high a duty as to amount to a
prohibition ;—that justice to all, and above all,
to the best interests of the country, required i a
revision. It was in vain that it was shewn
that the new Tariff would bring in more reve
.nue—that the manufactuerer himself would he
content with its protection—the cry of repeal!
repeal! Ong through the Union. Pennsylva
nia, thatipowerful Democratic State, voted for
the Whrgs, under the apprehension that the
manufactitfes of the State would he prostrated.
and while'. Whig could he elected. they cried
repeal. repeal. Well what was the result of
this political swindling ? The Democratic
Tariff has been tested and found to operate
most advantageously for the country ; it pro
duces more revenue, has led to the transaction
of more business operations, and. the manufac
turers are content and are making money un
der the new system, which works like a charm,
and vindicates the foresight and sagacity of the
Secretary of the Treasury. You do not hear
those virtuous disinterested Whigs now cry
out "repeal. repeal." If they had the power
to-morrow, it is very doubtful whether they
would touch the Tariff of 18461 This is their
consistency e nd their honesty.N. Y. Globe.
FUTURE OPERATIONS OF THE ARM'.—The
N. 0. Della learns, from an authentic source,
that there are now some thousand men, regu
lars and of the new levy, now on their way to
join Gen. Taylor. and strengthen the line of
posts along the Rio Grande. That officer,
with as little delay as as possible, will then ad
vance on to Sandi°.
Gen. Scott, in the meantime, with the least
possible delay, after garrisoning . Vera Cruz.
will march his divison on to the Capital. He
may meet with some obstruction in his way,
but nothing of a serious character. and before
reaching the city of Mexico. will from a junc-
tion with Gen. Taylor's division. Thus, in
toll force, they will march on to attack the city
of Mexico. if the Mexicans should be ao
ted as, in the interim, not to offer or accept the
terms of an honorable peace.
Molts VICTIMS OF Runt.—A drunkard, nam
ed Carroll. waa fouled dead in the woods, near
Port Elizabeth, (West Jersy,) on Monday of
last week, with his jug of ruin by his side.-L-
Another illustration of the mischief of rum drink
ing oceu7d in the same vicinity on Sunday.—
Henry Woodward so stabbed his son-in-law.
Pierce. under the influence or that hie
bowel, protruded and his life was endangered.
Dr. Elmer was called in and. Woodward Wafr
sent to prison.
[From the et. Louis Reveille, 31st alt.]
SIM Fright from Saga Ft.
The 'Particulars of the lute Battle
s
of the Ihriasoursaus. 4-4.11-1
Mr. Thomas Caldwell, whose
snit ' a
Independence was noticed yesterda of
down lattivening on the steamer Bertra'ad
..to him we are indebted fur. later and
%benne information from Santa Fe. Th e , 4
counts published yesterday, as copied ( NI 4
Expositor, extra, we are requested to state 14
in many parliculars incorrected, end wire
obtained from Mr. C., but merely from 4 !
at Independence after his arrival.
Mr. C., as stated yesterday, left Ek,p 4s,
the 12th of January, and Santa Fe on the 1 1 , 1 . 1
February. The massacre of Gov. Beta,
Lees and others, was perpetrated at Ta o ,
the 18th of January, and immediately , e i r ;
were sent out by
. the Mexicans to the:titre,
towns in. the province, calling npon the inha,,.
tants to assist in the murder of the Arne n ,;
On die 19th, the night after the murde r ,1
Bent, and his companions,• at Taos, 11r. R . .,
*Endue Culver, of Clinton county, L L. We )
a brother'bf the Doctor and Benjamin P e „.' .
of Jackson county together with fire othe;
were/idled at Nicola. a town of sore 2,000,-;
habiiatits, and situated 75 miles from limy
After this outrage, the insurgents, tn e.
number of some 2000, collected at a ameba,
called La Cantada, some 25 miles fro
Fe. ea Price, hearing of this m ,5, 4
itientdee )
went in person at the head of 350 men,
drove them from their position, killing 36
their number.
This engagement occurred between the 2a.,,
and 28th of January, -and was followed by e .,
titer pet wren Price and the insurgents, at L e *,
da, a small town in the jiass of the mailman,.
It was understood that Price had aganisuctte.
ed in driving them before him. but thelrloul
the latter engagement was not known.
About the time of the, battles between
Price and the insurgents at La Caniada ac..
Lambada, Capt. !fetidly, of the Ray Cuutr
volunteers, who was oil the east sele.of r, t
mountains, in ch rge of a party of got-ie
hearing of the massacre of Taos and 110 ii,
Immediately repaired with about 90
ioeemty t
latter place, where he met with a Inge IN rr.l
the enemy, and an engagement ensued in elect
Capt. 11. lost his life.
- After his fall, his nun, under comma cl
their Lieutenant, fell bark nit Pgai, and
ported to Santa Fe the condition of their, and
the proha'sility of a well-app inted flare bur;
We to defeat. the enemy at Morn.
of this intelligence at Santa Fe, tap:" Atm,
of Flame, with some' 000 men, war dere,.
ed to Moro, and on his arriv.il the inhale: 4l
fled leaving every-thing at the wiry uf"vt
Americans.
The town vas burnt, and everything pt!
ble fur the enemy to Eub.,ist upon nal dual
ed.
Cap! St. Vrain, of Fort Si. "rant,
fifty volunteers from among the clerkp. ai , ac';eo.
teantstcr-t, of Santa Fe, and :.c.-omptet,:
Col. Priee on his march ag.intat the Tdo, rc.
ble. During the fight that -court'. St. Vnt
killed a Mexican, one Jeso.. de Talent,
had on Gov. Bent's coat and shirt!
None of the Armijos were among therabfb,
thry appear) to he all " greasers," thit lo•
fore. Among them one Cows, of Mora r;
ley, was prominent. Nane of the St. Lass
volunteers were with Price, save a tletarlaw
of Capt. Fiseher's artillery. The guns eve
mounted at Fort Marcy, and molerrommasd.4
Capt. Fischer. Don—Virgil, Sermary
State under Bent, WAS 1101JVCIllig GOVerLIA
Santa Fe.
A great deal of sir kneAs prevailed rn oat.
but chiefly among the trawlers, hridxen
as they were. Theie were from chrer !n Err
deaths per day. Albert G. %V dson, Fulltr ri
Price's regiment. had died. Col. %Irbil,
Adjt. Walker. Lieut. Elliott, and othrrt Irl
known. were all.well.• The troops had bro
discontented, but principally rem mar?
Mr. Charles Town, well known in St.Lv.
was the only American %Oa; escaped the cos
nacre. hits father-in-law .Mexican)gweba
a goad mule, and he brought the news of vs
disaster to Santa Fe. It has been slued 6:
Bent was killed at noonday ; this is not
was killed at niohi. It has also been rumens
privately, that hank Blair was killed.
This is another •mistake. He war', at er
time. in the mountains with Gov. Bent.
Card we/1 1 :,rpet Nl:titlf Clark 1.50 milts brio
Santa Fe. At El Paso he left Colonel p
phait and command. all well. The Wove ,
and the rest of the traders were well, but-lac
ing from their neceswilly heave exprter—
McGoffin was only detained at ChibinhoL:
Col. Doniphan would, beyond daultooll
on Chihtiallua, but was nut likely to be at ,
by surprise, as he was exercising greatrautt•
The Santa Fe theatrical corps had gone soh
on a rather dlfferent campaign. Mr. C. an
Lieut. Simpson at 110 Mile creek—ant Ext•
her of miles from Independence. lie had w i6
two wagons and ten men. conductin, a herd
mail. There was snow falling Ittn the P°'
from the IBM of February to the 10th 013111th
almost uninterruptedly.
The mail which Mr. C. had charge, sr
hr
was obliged to leave on the Arkansas, a°
probably would be detained ten io tw elredllt
behind him Mr. Sol. Sublette had not- met
at Santa Fe, and the presumption is, that
'despatches must have taken hint. by sir
Bent's Fort. to California, Capt. Murphy al
arrived at Santa Fe with the Goleta° .
fundr.
FROM THE CITY OF iMexico.—ne ' 4ll
York Sun of Thursday morning. publishoN
following interesting letters frost their con&
pondents in the city of Mexico :
City of Mexico. March S. 1847 N"
Mexiio is once more in a stale of rerdunte•
Vice President Farias has had the imprede e , n
to attack the two most powerful, classes of 1 , .t
republic—the clergy and the guards nanee e :
He neeeed the arms of the one and the ca"
of the other, `for the defence of the gate, 1:1
thought to command therti by harsh inees uff ',.
Both rose against his authority and the sing:
is now going on, but let who will win the
the country is sacrificed. At the momenta:of
vading army halo possession of half Of 111 - 1
territory, with blockading squadrons in reel'
mand of their chiefports, and with their southt;
states seceding from the union. they harc t,
the madness to light up a civil war le " I
capital. Was ever a nation so determine d
suicide
GENERAL TAYLOR DECLINEs. --The
York Sun agates that a letter received has
General Taylor speaks in ti sans which MO 66
construed into a censure, of the course. idea°l*_.
who were nominating him for the Preg li c Y ll
We are assured positivelt. „says the, son. I
he will not premit his name to be used ,ssin c
dilate for the Presidency iu 1818.