sr m Bt$rV WILL BASKHn s$ PN -0SX U FOUR-FOOTED SWELLS. The Horses That Will Gatner Together the Beauty and Fashion Next Week A Vc-n- or the Many Entries Late Im portance of the Hackneys. icoimisroxDEXCE or the dispatch. New Yoke, Nov. S. The horse show tullbetbe opening society event of the year in New York. Pittsburg people can hardly estimate the importance of this gathering of equine beauties. When they realize that during the week boxes have been sold for as much as S6S0 each, they may get some idea of what it means to .New York society. The show opens on the 14th of this month. It is given by the National Horse Phon- Association of America, and this is -sWi5ual exhibition. This prom jees to be the cut successful ever held in Madison Square Garden. There hare been over 1,500 entries made so lar in the list of prizes offered, and the votaries of society of Dame Fashion can promise themselves a week of social dissipation, such as is rarely seen in New York. Every One In Society 'Will Go. "Why this collection of horses in the Madison Square Garden should be espe cially chosen by society as the ODening of the winter season is a question far too com plicated to be readily answered. Society demands that all its votaries shall be pres ent, and the man who would absent himself Ifrom such a feast of beauty must indeed be reft of all gallantry. To the aid of the lai?s the unqualified success of the horse tur heretofore is considerably indebted. Ths horses entered for the coming show arc the best and choicest in the land. Only a few understand, the high entrance and ex acting conditions in proportion to the prizes olicred. In 1SS3, which was the lirst horse show held, there were only 440 entries, as compared with 1,500 and odd this year, and at that time many specimens won "prizes that now would not even be admitted into the show ring. The associa tion has yearly increased the value ot its prizes, and now there is. over $35,000 for competition, being the largest amount ot money eTcr offered by any horse show in the world. This amount has been divided among the thoroughbreds, Arabians, trot ters, hunters, hackneys, four-ln-hand and tandem teams; the park police and metropolitan police classes; the brougham and victoria parade, and the saddle and coach classes. Hard to Get the Thornnsliorpds. The choice of place is naturally given to the thoroughbred, which has tour entries, and, judging by the quality of the horses entered, the competition will be a keen one. There is Saxony, by Saxou; Imp. Lunar Eclipse, Imp. Dandy Dinniont and Mikado. The thoroughbred classes have never been fully filled, on account of the apparent re luctance ot the breeders of the thoroughbred horses to risk theiralmost priceless stallions in the show ring. Most oi 'the great breed ing farms arc located in Kentucky and California, and the long journey in itself would be a scere tax on such nervous horses. Even fTOO, the large first prize in this class, would not be the slightest in ducement to have Charles Reed bring St. Blaise from his Eairview Stud in Tennessee. It will be a pretty contest between the four entered, and as each one is of a distinct type, the judges have a hard task before them. The class for Arab stallions, 3 years and over, is likely this year to be ot unusual interest. Mr. S. S." Ilowland, of Mount Morris, X. Y., has always secured the prize In this class, owing to no competition, not that in any way, Leopard, Mr. Howland's entry, should bedispamged, for he has an exceptionally beautiful poise of head and -neck, and his jaunty carriage shows the blood of the desert. Leopard was a present to the late General Grant from the Sultau of Turkey, and is a beautiful dapple gray. But Luckv Baldwin, of San Francisco, in tends, if possible, to have his stallion Ac cionista w ear the blue ribbon this year. The Growing Interest In Hackneys. The cream of the trotting world will con test for the champion prize valued at f 1,000, won last year by Bundle & "White's Quar termaster. Over 20 horses will compete lor the Eoadstcr prize, and the Boad Big prize, where appointments are considered, lias always called forth a keen competition. A dozen or more competitors will show their taste and what they call "road form." Although the prizes for the heavy draught stallions have been eagerly contested lor, this year the Canadians are' sending down vme ot their best. The hackneyi this year, under the aus ices of the American Hackney Horse ciety, will excel themselves. The kack y is essentially a show horse, and the erest in this- tvpe has wonderfuuly in sed. Next to the thoroughbreds, more ley has been invested in the hackney t in any other horse. The increase in th in the large cities ot the United .s demands a horse with pace, action, manners and good temper, fit to draw oria or familv carriage, and no better if this desired horse could be secured the hacknev. Another thing that nds the hackney to the breeding especially to the farmers, is that he used untilfour years old on the id then thoroughly bitted and man-, id sent to the city where he brings ce. It will take many years to till. nd for such horses in the New rkct alone. j lino Animals In This Class, those entered for this show are A. 's Cadet and M-"" ssofLondes lased by Dr. ward Webb v Fairiax, to "ood judg THE SMILES ment is due the addition of the finest horse ot his class to the stock of this country; Beau Lyons, the property of Mr. T. East man; Bonfirc,John A. Logan's beautiful stallion, and the old favorite, Fashion, owned by Mr. Prescott Lawrence. Mr. Lawrence also enters Nero; W. D. Sloan sends Berk?erker, who helped Matchless win the championship prize last year, and Glccdale, owned by F. G. Bourne. Mr. A. J. Cassatt's Cadet will be seen in the show ring this year for the first time, and judg ing from his magnificent list of prizes, won in the keenest competition in England, Matchless will have to look to his honors. Mr. Cassatt will also be represented by that good little horse, Little Wonder, who has the strength ot a draught horse with the quality of a thoroughbred. Mr. Cassat is an expert whip, and President of the Phila delphia Coaching Club. His four-in-hand team of Little Wonders excites the admira tion and envy of all the lovers of a per fectly appointed break team.' The pony class was never better filled, and some of the entries especially that of George Green, of Forestview farm, who has recently imported largely of Shetland stock, will, from their diminutive size and play fulness, delight the children. Then an other feature of the pony exhibit is that the masters and mistresses of the diminutive horses have entered more of their pets in this show than at any previous time, and the parade ot ponies and carts and little run abouts promises to be especially good. Tho Sixteen Tandems Entered. An especially attractive feature will be that of the 1C tandems competing in the ring. Among those exhibiting will be T. Sullern Taylor, A. J. Cassatt, John A. Logan, Harry Hamlin and S. Sv'Howland. 1'here will be a dozen four-in-hands entered bv such well-known enthusiasts as H. Mc Kini Twombly, Dr. W. Seward Webb, O. H. P. Belmont, T. Suflern Taylor, F. O. Beach, George Curtis and E. Widener. The list of exhibitors in the other carriage horse classes are splendidly filled, and there will be no lack of interest at any time for those viewing the ring. The saddle horses are unusually promi nent this year, as riding has been taken up b7 Dame Fashion, and the bridle paths in the park are more crowded every year. Of course, every man or woman who rides, thinks his or her horse a perfect hr or, and over 100 horses are entered in the arious classes for the prizes. There is an espe cially large entry for the High School class. The hunters and jumpers that every year delight the visitor and draw the crowd will be plentiful Among the exhibitors are Mayor Grant, F. Gray Griswold, F. Geb haril, Thomas Hitchcock, Jr., H. L. Her bert, George Pepper, J. a Hewitt, Mrs. Marsland. Vanderbilt Allen and others. Elbeet T. Biddick. LIZZIE BORDEN'S HEAD. The Verdict of a Xew School Phrenologist Upon the Young Woman Accased of Murdering Her Father and Step-Mother Principles of the Science. IWMTTF.X TOR THE DISrATCH.l Lizzie Borden was held "probably guilty" at the court hearing last August. Her trial by jury will occur the latter part of this month. Miss Borden cannot be easily character ized; her nature as described by the neigh bor?, none of whom knew her intimately, is cold, passionless, self-sufficient They say she had no confidants, and that she was dominated only by her stern New England creeds of right and wrong. But it was not until the crime had been committed that they molded into words their impressions of her, and with the best Intention in the world, subsequent events must have had an influence in the estimate ot human nature. NeUon Sizer is President of the Amer ican Institute of Phrenology, but be claims tn read dispositions best by the contours ot the head and face. I submitted to him the photograph ot Miss Borden from which the following cut was made. I did not tell him that it was a photograph of Mis Borden and he had no means of ascertaining who the original was. - At the end of 15 minutes Prof. Sizer wrote out the following which he calls his "analysis-and criticism:" A Delineation of Character. Oct. 27, 1S91 , Ladt We boo In this portrait practical talent. The fullness across the loner part of the forehead evinces large perceptive faculties as :t croup, making her bright, quick to see, to know and remember, giving tuo talents necessary for practical educa tion, for art, mechanism and for , business. Iho head seems to his broad In the sides" above and about the ears, showing bravery, Lizz'e Borden. OF BEAUTY. energy, severity, and a strong desire for ownership, and laying the foundation for good business talent and tho tendency to push the cause which has business Involved in it to a successful termination. The face indicates power. The broad cheole bones and the prominence ot them, the maaslvcness ot tho lower Jaw, as it makes an angle to get up toward the hair, show vital power and the tendency to he thorough and severe. The month indicates determination and resolution. The bi eadth or the head above and about the ears shows courage, selfishness and executive ability. She appears to have large firmness, that is shown in the heizht of the head, on a line fiom the opening of one ear to that of the other over the top. We think she has a pretty good share of self-esteem. She is self-willed, courageous, high tempered, secretive, fond or property. She is not a thinker und reasoner; she is a critic, but she is rather light in the reasoning power, thouzh amply developed in the abilities which relate to practical knowledge and the ability to be Ingenious and artistic. If tho back and top of the head were available it would be an aid to the full estimate of her character, She appears to have mora courage, than prudence, more determinatioilVthan plia bility, moro force than restraint of mind. Tho New School of Phrenology. This is certainly shrewd and rather keen, and Prof. Sizer asserts that it is scientific. However that mav be, there is an incorpor ated Institute which, after a lecture course of six weeks, bestows a diploma, entitling the graduate to read human nature with his chart. It is a system which has been bounding into public credulity with its lines and angles and technical expressions, and is interesting because of its multitude of claims. It is not "bumpology," for that has been exploded by various people. Bor rowing the definition used in the .institute, phrenology is "the . estimation' of the size ' of the phrenological organs by the radial distance Iron the brain center to the periphery." A brain fiber Iga'dingio the,eye is.one of the, organs of sight. Whymay not another fiber, whose origin is the medulla oblongata, leading to the top of the head, be the organ of firmness? asks the new school of phre nology. If the head, at a fiber's terminal point, is roundly developed, it proves that the organ (which, by the way, was located there by observation of 1,000 cases) is in a state of constant activity. If the fiber is seldom required, the development of. sur rounding organs will produce, compara tively speaking, a depression in the skull.-' J. B. A VAMPIBE GOES INSANE. And Fights Like a Tiger When Taken From the Ohio Penitentiary. Columbus, O., Nov. 5. Special Dep uty United States Marshall Williams, of I Cincinnati, this evening removed James Brown, a deranged United States prisoner, from the Ohio penitentiary to the National Asylum, at Washington, D. C The pris oner fought like a tiger against being re moved, thinking he was being taken to his execution. He has a wonderful criminal record. Twenty-five years ago he was charged with being a vampire and lived on human blood. He was a Portu guese sailor and shipped on a fishing smack from Boston up the coast in 1807. During the trip two of the crew were miss ing and an investigation was made. Brown was found one day in the hold of the ship, sucking blood from the bouy of one of the sailors. The other body was found at the same place and had been served in a similar manner. Brown was returned to Boston and con victed of murder and sentenced to be hanged. President Johnson commuted the sentence to imprisonment for life. After serving 15 years in Massachusetts he was transferred to the Ohio prison. kHe has committed two menu murders since his confine- A SOLID 0EGAKIZATI0H. Ot Railway Employes That Is Promised for an Early Day. St. Louis, Nov. 5. Special Grand Chief W. F. Missimer, of the Brotherhood of Carmen, of St Joseph, Mo., is in the city on an important mission. He said to d ay, while talking about the recent trouble between railroad employers and employes: "We have a surprise in store for them in the shape of an international organization of .railway employes, to include every rail road employe, from the truckman up. This organization will be in shape belore Jan uary, and meetings in regard to it are be ing held all over the United States. We have all our plans ready, and all we want to do now is to issue the final calL The or ganization will take in all the railway brotherhood now in existence, and will have something like 180,000,menibers." "Who are the men backing this scheme?" asked the reporter. ' "I am not at liberty at the present time to make that public, but you can say that they consist of some of the leading.railroad men of this country. I leave to-morrow for Chicago, to confer with some of the leaders, and will probably be able to give the press more about the organization then." New Mexico's Bishop a Citizen. Washixgtox, Nov. C This morning EL Bev. Placcdus L. Chaepello, bishop of New Mexico, appeared before Justice Cox, with Bev. Father J. A. Walker, of St. Pat rick's Church, as his witness, for naturali zation. By taking the necessary oath that he had resided here for more than five years, was attached to the principles of the con stitution of the United States, well disposed to peace and good order, and bad "arrived in the country fhree years before, he reached 'the age of 21,, he became a citizeq by swear ing allegiance to the. Constitution, and, re- nounciagr allegiance to the Hep ubiic of France, I ' , ' '' SPEEDY SNAP "SHOTS. A Method of Taking Photographs in One Ten-Millionth of a Second. ELECTRIC TOOL FOR CARVING. Signaling to Mars From the Great Cities cf (lie United states. THE TELEPHONE FOE STREET CARS IWItlTOJT FOR THE DtSrATCH.t Electricity has been doing some pretty work in the photographing of drops of water, and Prof.- C. ,V. Boys, in a recent lecture, gave several illustrations of what has been accomplished. He first showed photographs taken by the electric spark of soap bubblos in the act of bursting, and ex plained the process by which it is possible to ascertain the respective speed at which different soap bubbles burst. One photograph showed an issue of liquid from a very small pipe, which to the naked eye appeared to be a perfect stream, but which, on an elec tric photograph being takeD, was resolved into a beautiful and regular scries of drops. In connection 'with this Prof. Boys re marked that the Ecience of liquids and of the forces involved in the phenomena of the surface of liquids was one of the most interesting branches of physical science. The effect on a fountain of playing or sing ing was to change its appearance into one, two or three apparently separate, clear streams ot liquid, but a photograph taken as a tuning fork was struck, demonstrated that the water was disposed in drops in per fectly regularity. A picture of a rifle bal let passing through the air at the rate of 2,000 feet a second, was also exhibited. Prof. Bovs, 'however, showed that if it were wished to investigate what was really happening when a. rifle bullet was being projected through the air at the maximum possible speed, it would be necessary to i have recourse to a method of illumination infinitely more rapid than the electric spark. For this purpose, a mirror of steel, about the size of a 25-cent piece, is now used. It is so mounted as to revolve with ease without getting hot, at the enormous speed of about 1,000 times a second, and the cud of the beam of light given off from this mirror passes across the screen at such a rate that it enables photographs to be taken in about one ten-millionth ot a second. An Electric Carving Tool. The announcement was recently made that a tool bad been invented whereby sculptors and others into whose occupation the carvine of marble, stone or granite en tered largely could, in future, dispense with slow and laborious handwork, and avail themselves in a most thorough and satis factory way of the application of electricity to their calling. Details of this tool have now been made public It is worked by two or three cells of storage,batterv, giving giving four to six volts and eignt to ten ampheres of current. It is claimed that with this tool a stone carver can do as much work in one'day as four or live men with chisels and mallets. The device weighs about six pounds, and is provided with a plunger, the rapidity of whose stroke is regulated by a button on the side of the tool. The stroke can be made to vary from one-eizht of an inch to one inch, at a speed varying from 300 to 600 strokes per minute. The practical value of such a device is evident. Instead of having to strike the tool itself, the operator need only guide its movements, and is thus able THE INVALID BECLIXIKO CHAIR, not only to do the work much more rapidly but to give greater attention to the work ing out ot the design. Although six pounds is the heaviest tool thus far con structed, the principle of the machine can be widely extended, and applied to all pur poses, from the most delicate sculpture work to the heaviest of granite drilling and mining. It has been found to be 'particu lar! v -useful for the carving of letters and similar devices where it is necessary to fol low accurately straight or curved lines. In ordinary stone carving the operator has first to carve out the letters in the rough, and then to finish them, but the action of this tool is so-troe and fine that only one application is required. Starting Cars by Telephone. The latest method of starting street cars in Denver is said to result in a saving ot at least 80 per cent over the cost of the ordi nary system. The difficulty of maintaining schedule time with a large number of cars is well recognized,, aud on many lines if n car be delayed by an accident for a quarter ot an hour or 20 minutes the whole line will be so demoralized th.it schedule time, will not be overtaken during the whole day. In the city ot Denver there are 74 miles of electrical and 13 miles of cable tracks, re quiring 103 trains in daily operation. To obviate the inconvenience which a break down ofany kind inevitably causes a system of trleuhone circuits has been arranged, with various call points, all communicating with the head office. Every conductor on arriving at the terminus ot the route im mediately reports the number ot his car to headquarters aud receives in reply his proper leaving time and any instructions that may be necessary. The dispatch clerk is in this way advised of the whereabouts of each car and is very often enabled to fill un a space of from 30 to GO minutes caused by a "paraae. xue saving or -triers at the various termini is taken as jst off against the expense ot the telephones. A New Anemometer. A new method of recording wind phe nomena has been adopted at' the Odessa Ob servatory. By this device the direction and velocity of the winds are marked on a cylin der by one symbol. The record consists of arrows, which are printed on the paper covering the cylinder. Their position shows the direction of the wind, and the number ot them marked on a length ot paper corre sponding to one hour furnishes data for find ing the velocity by an empirical soale, the value of whose readings are determined by comparison with Bobinson's anemometer. The recording apparatus is actuated by clock work, . and the indications are made by electrical contacts. Signalling to the Planet Mars. In commenting on a recent proposal that an attempt be made to signal- Mars by a systematic and periodic adjustment of the DISPATCH, SUNDAY. NOVEMBER lights of the city of London, a correspond ent stated that America is in a position to carry out such a scheme better than any other nation at the present day. He now supplements that statement by showing how North America offers the best facilities for a terrestrial signal. The continent is over run with telegraph lines, and dotted with towns enjoying the use of the electric light. He considers that it would be easy for the towns on the great plains between the Bocky Mountains and the Alleghany Mountains to combine in making systems of electric lights which would convey intelligence to the supposed inhabi tants of '.Mars. Conjoint action would be secured by the use of the telegraph. Squares, triangles, or other figures could be picked out by the electric lights on the background of the prairie. He estimates the average thickness ot the atmosphere on each planet at not more than 50 miles, and, as the beams, being directed upward, would suffer the minimum absorption, the lights would be sufficiently powerful to penetrate the.100 miles of atmosphere. It is well known that the flash of the heliograph can be seen 100 miles in the pure air of high mountains, such as the Hymalayas, and that an electric beam from a lighthouse is visible for 20 or 30 mile? in the thicker at mosphere near the surface of the earth. An Electric Invalid Chair. Captain Alexander Johnston, of Wash ington, D. C, who is now visiting his mother at 511 Shady Lane, Fast End, this city, has invented an electric invalid chair, a model of which is now running in Balti more. Captain Johnston is a brother of the late Dick Johnston, District Attorney for this county. As can be seen from the accompanying sketch, the chair is mounted upon a case which contains the motor and storage cells. The guiding ap paratus is like that of an ordinary low seated tricycle, and at one side of the seat is a lever connected with a resistance box for controlling the motor. 'At the other side of the chair is the brake handle, which is an ordinary lever friction brake. The motor is wound for a low E. M. F., and is ot the slow speed design, connected to the driving shaft by a single reduction gearing. Captain Johnston gives the following de tails of this chair: "Five aud one-half ampere hours to each pound of weight. Speed, eight miles an hour for five hours, though at lower speed battery will last for CO miles of travel. Total weight, 150 pounds." The whole design appears to be one of great compactness and efficiency, and the vehicle is not quite as cumbersome as might be expected. Perhaps we shall see electrically propelled invalid chairs in great force at the Columbian Exposition in 1892, And Captain Johnston "says that while he does not expect horses will become so scarre that we will have to go out to the Schenley Park Zoo to see one, he does ex pect that vehicles on the principle of his chair will make them considerably less nu merous on the-streets than now. Electric Eight and Bird Life. Dr. Morris Gibbs, in analyzing the causes of the decrease in the numbers, or the ab solute extinction, of certain of our birds, says that the lighthouses of onr great lakes and coasts destroy many thousands each year, and possibly hundreds of thousands, the birds killing themselves by dashing against the lights when migrating season ally. He doubts whether there exists an invention, with the exception of the gun, more dpdly to birds than the electric light. Another indictment is brought against the headlight ot the locomotive, and also against the telegraph and other wires which form a network through the country. All these causes unquestionably contribute in a greater or less degree to the destruction ot birds, but it has been con clusively proved that when the number of birds destroyed at any particular place by any of these agencies has been carefully determined by a series ot daily records, the result lias inevitably been such as to lead to the belief that "the accounts generally given of the aggregate destruction of birds by various forms of the electric light have been greatly exaggerated. Electric l'illar Ladder. An excellent means of facilitating the labors of workmen who are mainly em ployed in ascending high lamp pillars has been provided in a newly invented electric pillar ladder. The object of the invention is to do away with the necessity of the car rying of long ladders on movable pins by workmen. By a turn ot a key at the base of the pillar a rod or chain is raised which causes steps to shoot out on either side of the pillar. These form a safe and strong ladder, and they can be withdrawn within the pillar when no longer requited by a re verse turn of the key. 1W0 LESSONS OF A WBECK. English Signal 3Ien Are Overworked and American Cars Are tho Safest. London, Nov. fl. The signal man Holmes, who is held responsible for the railroad disaster near Thirsk, shows signs of mental derangement. Holmes had passed Tuesday night at the bedside of his dyins child. After the death of the child he asked the station master for leave of absence, but his request was refused and he was compelled to take his place at the sig nals. Pnysically worn out by the fatigue of his sick-bed vigils, and tired mentally, he fell asleep and thus precipitated the wreck. Another lesson taught by the accident is the superiority of the American car over the Engiiih car. In a collision the latter collapsed like egg boxes. A PLAIN TALK On a Plain Subject In Plain Lanc;nage. A winter is just before us with all of its biting winds, cold drizzling rains, sloppy, muddy streets, and sudden changes of tem perature. This will cause at lea-t one-half of the people to have catarrh, colds, coughs, pneumonia or consumption. Thousands of -people will lose their lives and tens of thousands will acquire some chronic ail ment from which they will never recover. Unless you take the necessary precautions the chances are that you (who read this) will be one of the unfortunate ones. Little or no risk need be run if Pe-ru-na is kept in the house and at the first appearance of any. symptom take it as directed on tho label. No one. who values his welfare should bewithout a copy of The Family Physician) No. 2, a complete guide to the treatment and prevention of all climatic diseases of winter. Sent free by The Pe-ru-na Drug Manufacturing Company, Colum- DUS, U&ID. ADRIFT ON THE SEAS. Involuntary Wanderings That Peo pled the Isles of the Pacific. THE EVIDENCE OF LANGUAGE Tending Toward the Oriental Origin Lven the Indian I.'acs. of INSTANCES OF BEJIAEKABLE JODRXEIS fwniTTEf FOR THIS DISPATCH 1 In the earliest days of navigation across the Pacific Ocean the myriads of islands, big and little, scattered over the broad ex panse were found to be inhabited. Ques tions as to the origin of thee people and how they reached their island homes, sep arated as they often are by hundreds of miles of ocean, have long interested anthro pologists. It was certain that the oceanic people could not have originated where they were found, for their relationship, not only with one another, but also with the inhabitants of the Malay archipelago, was ea-ily apparent. An hypothesis that had SOUTH SEA KATITE considerable vogue was that these islanders were merely remnants of the people of a con tinent that years ago Bank beneath the waves with only its mountain tops peering above them. This hypothesis was proved to be worthless. In the course of the investigations it has become perfectly evident that these islands were peopled by migrations and that very many of these migrations were involuntary. It has been observed that the greatest and most eastern of these Pacific races, the Polynesians, in their traditions, mode of life, religious practices, resemble in many respects the Papuans, Malayans, and even the Japanese. Even Oar Indians Itelated. Some careful observers also have found analogies between the Polynesians and the natives of North and South America, and it may be that our Indian races had some part in peopling the Pacific islands, a sup position tnat derives tne more prooaoimy from the fact that the prevailing winds aud currents south ot the Equator move from east to west. Since the Pacific became well known numerous instances of migrations from con tinental lands to the islands and from archi pelago to archipelago have been recorded. Rectus tells of "a Japanese junk which, in 1832, was carried by a typhoon far east of the island home of the nine poor fishermen who were on board. The ICuro Sivo cur rent bore the castaways still further east They lost all their bearings, knew not whither they were drifting, and for ten months they were buffeted here and there on unknown seas until finally their helpless vessel brought np on the coast of Oahu in the Hawaiian Islands. Thanks to their load of fish and the rain water they caught, four of the unfortunates lived to tell the story of their terrible sufferings. Hawaiian Besexnnlance to the Japs. "It is plain now that we came from Asia" said the Hawaiians as they recognized the resemblance between these foreigners and themselves. Pine trees brought from the coasts of Oregon or Vancouver Island ar; often stranded on the shores of this archi pelago and the traditions of Hawaii have handed down reports of red men from the far East whom some chance has cast upon the islands. One of the greatest geographers has said that nations push forward to possess new lauds in a direction opposite to that of the general movement of the air and waters. This is the case in the Pacific To be sure the general movement of air and currents flowing west produces reflux currents mov ing east, which have undoubtedly been of great importance in scattering people among tne eastern arcnipciagos. xsut inese 'CO zn.i.i.njr. tort-ilm of Crefrrt-h 11 BnlaTs Australians, ngllsh ItACES OT THE counter currents are almost wholly north of the Equator, where oceanic lands ar? rare. Most of the Polynesian islands are south of the Equator, where strong currents move across the ccean from the Western world ton ard Australia and New Guinea; a'ld to reach these Eastern islands the boats of the unfortunate casiawsys or voluntarv trav elers must have been driven by wind and wave over a tortuous course until at last, when far towards America, they struck the westward currents .nd wind zones and were carried to the new homes of which they had never heard. Driven Tar From tho Direct Course. Olten, if ijiey could have traveled in a straizht line, a'iournev of five of six hun dred miles would have taken them to their new places oi aooac. dui, as jiecius nas said, the authentic records of these invol untary voyages, made during the past three centuries, "show that many times the actual journey was two or three times as long as the shortest route. It is certain that comparativelv few of these castaways were spared to Se the seed from which future peoples were to spring. How many of them with their frail crafts were swal lowed up in the deep? There is proof, also, that these migrations have not onlv been the result of accident, but, sometimes, alo, of deliberate purpose. Two scholars, the late Prof. Quartrefages and Mr. Otto Sittig have given great atten tion to collecting the evidences of authen ticated cases of involuntary wanderings in the Pacific. A mere catalogue of the known instances recorded by Qjartrefages in his "Les Polvnesiens et Leurs Migration," and by Sittig in his study "Ueber Un freiwiliige Wandernngen im Grossen Ozean" would fill several columns. Drifted for Seycnty-Two Days. A remarkable instance is that recorded by missionaries in the Philippine Islands as occurring in 1606. Twenty-nine natives of Palau, which at that time had never been seen by civilized man, were driven by a storm far West of their home and then drifted with the current to Samal one of the Philippine Islands. Their two boats drifted for 72 d.iys and five of the men died ot exhaustion during the u00 mile journey. A few days later two women lrom the same island were brought by the same chance to the same plaee of refuge. Kotzebue tells of Japanese who were blown away from their native shores and actually lived to reach the American coast having traveled across the North Pacific in the ICuro Slvo and the eastward drift north of the Equator. Now and then junks hare been driven from Chinese TEADING VESSEL. waters to the American coast. Another very interesting fact is that there are many records of involuntary voy ages made from Eastern to Western is lands. The longest journies on record have been north of the Equator where little land is found and the drifts have extended from Asiatic waters to Hawaii or North Amer ica. These accidents ot navigation some times have curious linguistic results. Di alects closely allied to the Tongan, tor in stance, are found hundreds of miles away with other dialects intervening. WlUte Castaways In the Ocean. Last year a solitary white man, the sole survivor of a shipwrecked "crew, was res cued from an uninhabited island in the North Pacific. There is no doubt that white castaways are to-day living on out of the way islands, seldom visited by ships, and are scanning the horizon anxiously for the relief that is long in coming. In 1887 13 sailors of the French ship Tamaris took South Sea Catamarau. refuge, after the sinking of their vessel, upon one of the Crozet Islands, south of Madegascar and far towards the Antarctic Circle. There they lived for nine months, subsisting on biscuit they had saved from the wreck, penguin eges and" fish. They would doubtless have been rescued if their patience had held out. Bnt, as the record they left behind them shows, tbey sought to reach in small boats another island 80 miles away, which they believed ws nearer the track of whalers; and thev pershed in the attempt, for they were never beard of again. The breadth of the Pacific would seem to interpose ah unsurmountable obstacle to the immigration of savages in their tiny crafts. But this obstacle has been more than counterbalanced by the myriads of islands that have served as stepping stones for the human race on its way across the great waste of waters. Cvkus a Adajis. Won't Sing TLronsh a Telephone. During late years the theatrophone has become more and more common in Paris, nearly all the larger cafes, etc., being thus HicroncKlans Polynesians 553 PACIFIC OCEAX. connected with the theaters and the opera. Now, however, a tenor vocalist at the Opera Comiquc !ai entered a protest against this apparatus, maintaining that he is engaged to sing iorthapublicand not for subscribers to the telephone, and that his renown as a singer sutlers, inasmuch as his voice heard through the telephone is, of course, "feeble." . A Smart Business Triclc The thrifty Scotchmen who manage the af fairs of the,town of Paisley recently discov ered a new means of tnrning an honest bawbee to the town's benfifc They have leased the public street lamp posts to an advertis ing firm to be fitted up with frames j'cr tLe display of advertising posters. The lease carried with it the provision that any work required in connection with fitting up the lamp posts should be done by a Paisley .tradesman. Without doubt the most wonderful remedy for pain la Salvation OIL It sells for 25c Jim THE VISITING . CAED. What Good Form Requires as to It Material Get-Up and Use. SIMPLICITY IS THE FIRST RULE. Usage as to the Folding Down of the Upper Left. Hand lorner. THE PERMISSIBLE ABBRETIATI0N3 rwnrrrEj foe the dispatch. J Visiting cards are capable of bestowing a great deal pleasure, since their appear ance at yonr door usually denotes that the persons whose names they bear desire to show yon courteous attention. They 'may be used to express welcome to the neighbor hood, kindly congratulation in the case of any piece of good fortune, or sympathy in the event of sorrow. Sometimes, too, they Not Tn; Leaving His Card. onnounce with the mystic P. P. C. in the corner, the departure of some undesirable acquaintance. There is a great deal of character in a visiting card. The slightest exaggeration or departure from the strictest simplicity, either as ngards the size, texture or letter ing, is distinctly bad form. Men's cards nowadays should be quite small and nar row, the name printed in script without any flourish or ornamentation, and the card perfectly plain white, without any sus picion of glaze or analogous kind of fancy work. The Mr. should be prefixed to the name unless the bearer possesses any rank above that of Lieutenant in either the reg ular army or navy. A 3Ilstake Commonly Made. There are many people who resent this restriction and who are of the opinion that a visiting card should indicate the various honorary distinctions to which the owner 13 entitled. In a manual recently pub lished, claiming to describe the etiquette ot New York society with regard to visit ing cards, I read that it is customary to affix the abbreviated intimation of strictly honorary distinctions as LL. D., D. D. or M. D. to the name. This i altogether wrong, and all such lettering is de trop, for if once this were permitted, there would be no reason why all sorts of other infor mation concerning the status and social rank of the owner of the card should not be described on the pasteboard. This, I may add, however, is done in certain con tinental countries of Europe. Dropped His Card on the Altar. Visiting cards are meant for use among friends and acquaintances who are supposed to be acquainted with all the claims to dis tinction ot the owncrof the pasteboard. To mention them on the card is an act of self assertion bordering on discourtesy, since it implies that the proprietor of the card con siders that the recipient thereof requires to be reminded of his social eminence and rank. Sending the Cards by 3Iall. One of the most unpardonable pieces of rudeness which, I regret to sav, is becoming more and more frequent, is that of sending visiting cards by mail. There is only one case in which this is admissible, namely, when the owner of the card leaves a locality so suddenly that he has not had time1 to make his lnrcwell calls in person. In that event his visiting cards, bearing the letters P. P. C. in the left hand corner, may con vey his adieus and the announcement ol his departure. The P. P. C. in the lower left-hand cor ner of the card stands for the prench words "poor prendre conge" (to take leave). When the card is sent by nail'unde'r the circumstances above described these mystic letters should be written in ink, and in pen cil when the pasteboard is left in person. Other abbreviations of the same character admitted by social usage are the letters P. P., standing for "pour feiiciter" (to con gratulate), while P. C. is meant for "pour condoler" (to console). When, however, the owner of the card calls to inquire ac the house where there is sickness, the pen ciled words "To inquire" are written out in fulL The Corner of tho Card. There are manv theories in existence with regard to the practice ot turning down the corner of the card. The rule" most gen erally accepted, and the one which is in vogne in the diplomatic service throughout the world, is that the card should be turned down at the upper left had corner, when the call is made in person, and the-. recipient is not at home. It indicates that the call has been made in person. When, however, the call is not mace in person, and the card is left, either bv one's wife or some other relative or friend, it must not be cornered. One ot the most amusing cases of the Dunctiliousness with which this rule is observed in Earope is that of an old Span ifh gentleman who went to payhis'devo tions at the shrine of a saint, but'discovered that the church was undergoing repairs and that there was no priest officiating at- the altar. Unwilling to lose credit for his de vout intentions, he drew a visiting card from his pocket, and carefully tnrning down the corner, reverently deposited it oa the altar. Good Point. A FEMALS PAUL PET. She Tampers With Other Teople's Mall Out of Sheer Cariosity. Pitmait Grove, N. J., Nor. 3. Post office Inspector William Watkins yester day caused the arrest of Maggie Wriggins, the 10-year-old daughter of Postmaster Wriggins, of Pitnran Grove, and she was held by United States Commissioner Cos sidy in S500 bail for court. Mageie is charged with tampering with the mail for the past 18 months, although it is not charged that she has taken an'y money or valuables from sealed packages. At the hearing the girl broke down and confessed, saying she had opened people's mail out ot curiosity. 11 'I'M lArJ 70 1 IP Pit I h (T -- 1 V V Im &,s.- -jjdsA nHslBsfls9silHIVsaRHR!9SHJBHHilHliBsBEsH
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers