MWgBHMWH gjjgjgsyieifpiaTqBSWSIJCT The Incomes of Some of the Leaders in the Various J Professions. ( LIFTERS THE BEST OFF. The Fee for Organizing the Sngar Trust Put at $250,000. A. GOOD MANY $50,000 MEN In tie Insurance, Railroad and Other Important Easinesses. B1L1KIES PAID ACTORS, AETISTS. ETC rronREEPoyDEJTCE or Till DIrAT0H.l New Yoke, Nov. 5. Recently I talked with some of the leading and best in formed professional men ol this country on the question of income. The facta and figures they gave me I believe to be the nearest accurate obtainable. In no profession are the financial rewards which attend success more munificent than in the legal profession, but it is neverthe less a fact that the average income of the successful law ers of this big town is not much over or under ?5,000 a year, and in few instances is it equal to the capacity of the man who receives it Many of the large law firms of New York have in theiremploy lawyers, bright and capable men, too, who try their minor causes and receive salaries of from 51,000 to 52,000 a yet". Some law yers of this class receire as high as ?10,000 James C. Carter. a year, but their number is small, and, as their lot is an arduous one, lawyers avoid it whenever possible. The incomes, even of the most successful lawyers, vary greatly from year to ytar. and this probably con duce!) to making many of them the inveterate spendthrifts they are known to be. Spending Fifty Thousand a Tear. The late S. 31. L. Barlow was long one of the largest money-makers at the New York bar, but died a bankrupt, and James Strahan, whose annual earnings for many years seldom fell below 550,000, left his heirs nothing but his law books. At the present time the earnings of John E. Par sons are probably larger than those of any other New York lawyer. He earns regu larly from 580,000 to 5100,009 a year, and it is the general Opinion o the profession that the fee which be received for organizing the sugar trust, which has since been dis solved by the conrts, did cot fall below 200,000 and some estimates have put it at treble that sum. It was without doubt the largest single fee ever received by an American lawyer. The earnings of James C. Carter are nef rly as large as those ot Mr. Parsons, and it is said that the annual income ot Bourke Cockran has for several years exceeded 100,033, but a portion of this great sum has come yearly irom the successful specu lations ior which the brainy and eloquent Irish lawyer is known to have a fondness. A list of the New York lawyers who rcgu Jarly earn more than 539,000 a year would include, besides thore already named, Joseph H. Chelate, Benjamin F. Tracv, Frederick R. Coudert, Robert G. Ingersoll, Eliliu Root, Artemuc H. Holmes, Horace 2ussell, S. T. C. Docd and George Hoadley. Brains Come Trom the West. Iniersoll, Dodd aud Hoadley are West-e-n men, Dodd now being chief counsel for tie Standard Oil Company, and it is an in testing tact that in recent years nearlvall olthe strongest recruits to" the New York Henry S. Hyde. bar hae come from the West. David Dad ley Field, now retired from practice, made over 51,000,000 in the law, and Theodore W. Dwigh , who died last summer, was found alter his death to have been a millionaire. Both vere what is known as corporation lawyers. The receipt of large fees is not the privi lege solely of members of the metro politan bar. The income of the late Lewis C Casidy, of Philadelphia, long ex ceeded 550,000 a year, and the yearly earn ings ot John C. Bullitt, of the same city, seldom fall short ot the sum named. Bul litt is now generally regarded as the leader ot the Philadelphia bar. Chicago has sev eral lawyers whose incomes are very large, seldom less than 550,000 a year, prominent among them being A. S. Trude, William C Goudy and William J. Campbell, who is counsel for Phil Armour. Senator Hill, when he practiced law in Elmira, 10 or 12 years ago, seldom earned over 55,000 a year, but not long since he divided with Charles P. Bacon, a former student of his, n lee of 5400,000. This was paid them by the plaintiffs in the famous Fiske will case against Cornell University, and was compensation for services extending over a period ot ten years or more. What Leading Insurance Men Earn. The heads of nearly all the big life and fire insurance companies receive princely ta'.anes. Henry IB. Hyde, who not so very long ago was a modest insurance solicitor, draws a salary of 550,000 a year as President of his company, and the "VicsN Presi dent or the "same concern receives 540,000 a year. Others areas well paid. P. B. Armstrong, when he disposed of his tire insurance business a year or so ago, was guaranteed 5100,000 a year for the term of five years if during that time he would not again engage in the fire insurance busi ness. Armstrong is a pushing, keen-witted Canadian, who came to New York a decade ago with hardly a dollar in his pocket. He now owns an orange grove in California and takes lite easy. Dr. Norvin Green, President of the West era Union Telegraph Company, is paid 550,000 a year, and John Hoey, w'hile Presi dent of the Adams Express Company fared equally welL The chief officers of the lead ing banks and trust companies of New York are all well paid. Frederick P. Olcot, President of the Central Trust Company, receives 530,000 a year; R'.chard King, President of the Union Trust, $50,000; Gen- Angus A. McLcod. eral Louis Fitzgerald, President of the Mercantile Trust, 530,000; while the salaries of the bank presidents of New York range from 510,000 to 15,000. It is generally con ceded (that the latter earn their pav. The heads of the great railroad corpora tions are nearly all well paid. What sal ary Cbanncev M. Dcpew receives as Presi dent ot the Now York Central is known to few save himself and his employers, the Vanderbilts, but it cannot fall below 5100, 000 a j ear. George B. Roberts, Pres ident of the Pennsylvania, receives a salary of 550,000. and President A. A. Mc&eod is paid the same amount ev ery 12-month for his services to the Read ing Company. What the Doctors Can Earn. When I asked a clear-headed, well-informed member ot the medical profess! on what was the average yearly income ofNew York's thousands ot doctors, be replied that it was not over 51,200, and added that the metropolitan doctor, who. at the end of his first ten years' ot practice, finds himself in receipt of an annual income ot 53.000, can count himself one of the lucky ones. The phvsicians who earn the largest incomes and with the smallest expenditure of labor are the specialists, and among this class are many big money makers. Dr. T. Gaillard Thomas, the specialist, probably makes more money than any other doctor in America. His annual income is uot less than 5100,000, and Dr. Salisbury makes nearly as much. Dr. William A. Ham mond, during his last year in New York, is credited with having made 5153,000. My informant told me that there are per haps 100 doctors in New York who have an annual income of 510,000 and over, and possibly a score who carnover?20.000 every year. Dr. Mary Putnam Jacobi, a daugh ter of Putnam, the publisher, is in a mone tary way the most successful woman doctor living. "Philadelphia has several physicians whose incomes are very large, among the number being Dr. S. "Yeir Mitchell, thp specialist in nervous diseases, who a year or two ago refused a fee ot 525,000 to run over to England, give an opinion and return Fraicit Tfflton. by the next steamer. The largest fee ever paid to a physician, 5100.000, was received Dy the late Dr. Willard Parker for the suc cessful removal of an execresence from the face and neck of the son and heir of one of the wealthiest families in the vicinity of New York. Should he succeed in curing a St Louis heiress of a slight mental trouble that has bothered her lrom childhood, Dr. William Bradlcv, of that citv, is to re ceive a eash lee" of 556,001 Dr. Bradley has had the case under treatment for some time and believes that he will earn his fee. Acting Is a raj Ins Profession. Acting, all things considered, is now one of the best paid callings in which a bright man or woman can engage. The average leading man or woman receives from 5100 to 5300 a week. The second man or woman (juvenile) in' a first-class company is paid from 575 to 5100 a week, and the comedian and soubrette abone the same. Tne leading people of the variety stage are all well paid. Harry Ker nell, when in health, was always sure of 5150 weekly, and Gus Williams before he became a star, used to demand and receive a salary ot 5150 a week. Carmencita earns 5200 a "week, ai.d the late Pat Rooney, the prince of improvisatores, for a long time commanded 400 a week. But it is upon the kings and queens of the legitimate that the golden rewards of the theatrical pro fession are bestowed. Daniel Frohman, three or lour years ago, paid Modjeska $1,750 a " week for her personal services, and considered that he had made a profitable investment. Booth and Barrett, at the end of the first season they appeared together, divided up 5362,000; Henry Irving, on his first Ameri can tour umler Abbey's management, played to c405,000 in 27 weeks; one of Bernhardt's American tours netted her $300,000; and Lily Langtry made her first American tour on a guarantee of 52,000 a week. The earnings and investments of Jnsenh Murphy have male him a million aire; Dcnnmn Thompson often makes from 53.000 to'54.000 a week, and Evans and Hoey in seven years have made 5300,000. Comedy Pays Better Tlian Tragedy. Joseph Jefferson, who for several years paid William -J. .Florcnee'51,t)00 a iweez: Stuart Robson, William JE. Crane, Neil ' JWSif ryT S. T. DeV?d lalmige. THE Burgess, Nat Goodwin, Sol Smith Russell, Edward Harrlgan, Oliver Doud Byron, James H. Wallick and Richard Mansfield are all large and steady money makers and all are well-to-do, Jefierson being probably the richest of the lot Comedy, with a few exceptions, always pays better than tragedy, and Francis Wilson, of comic opera fame, is probably the largest and steadiest money maker now before the American public. He relinquished a salary of 5800 a week to become a star, and his starring tours have all been immensely profitable. Wilson is economical in his ways, and if he lives ten years will be a very rich man. Mary Andersonbefore she left the staze, frequently made 54,000 a week, and Lillian Russell, Pauline Hall, Lotta, Modjeska, Fanny Davenport, Maggie Mitchell, Clara Morns and Annie Pixley each made a com fortable fortune every year. Lotta is worth close to a million. Patti never sings for less than 55,000 a night; Sembrich bas often received 51,500 for a single performance; Campa.iini has been paid 58,000 a month and Jean de Reszke, dur ing his Amcricun tour last year, was paid 51,500 for each performance, aud 20 per ceut ot the box receipts. His brother Edonard was paid 5500 for each performance. Play making, when one succeeds at it, is one of the most profitable of callings. Bronson Howard, Charles H. Hovt, Henrv C de Mille, David Belasco and'William'H. Gill ette all make not less than 825,000 every year, and Howard's income in some recent years has often trebled that amount Illustratlns at Eight Thousand a Tear. What docs the professional artist earn? is a question to which no definite and explicit answer can be given. The leaders earn large incomes, the beginners are thankful for what they can get, and between the two there is a large middle class whose skill as sures them a comfortable living. Jx A. Abbey has for several years been paid an annual salary of 520,000 by the Harpers, but Abbey is in, a class by himself. The best known illustrators of books and peri odical1! are Remington, Graham, DeGrimm, Reinhardt, Church, Kemble, Taylor, Rog ers, Gibson and de Thulstrup. These men Joseph Howard, Jr. earn all the way from 54,000 to 512,000 a year and their incomes, like those of law yers, vary greatly from year to year. The illustrator ho makes 58, 00J a year is con sidered lucky by his fellows. Nearly all artists in black and white aspire to become painters, and with good reason, as the painter whose reputation is established generally makes money rapidly, and espe cially is this true of portrait painters. Upon no subject is more misinformation afloat than there is about the earnings of the artist's first cousin, the author. Several ot our leading authors are credited with fabulous lu comes, which to their infinite regret, they do not receive. Mark Twain is rich but he has made the greater part of his fortune as .a publisher and not as an author. Joe Howard probably earns more money than any other American newspaper worker who iias no proprietory wterestin newspapers; but there are to-day in New York 2,000 newspaper workers who average 525 a week, and there are less than two sco.re.who earn more than 5100 in the same period. , Preaching Pay Well Sometimes. The,, leading ministers ot New York city are well cared for iu a financial wav. Dr. John Hall, pastor of the Fifth Avenue Church, whomRobertBonnerfound preach ing to a small congregation in Dublin, and induced to come to America, heads the list of ministerial money-makers. He is paid 520,000 a year by hi church, receives 55,000 as Cbancellorol the University ot New York aud doubtless makes as much more by his writings lor the New York Ledger. T. DeWitt Talmage is paid 12,000 a year by the Brooklyn Tabernacle and his edito rial work and lectures bring his yearly in come up to 525,000. Dr. Morgan" Dix, the rector of Old Trinity, receives 615,000 yearly; Dr. Brown, ree'tor of St. Thomas', 515,000; Dr.. Huntington, rector of Grace Church, 515,000; Dr. Greer, of St. Barthol omew's, 515,000; Dr. Rainsford, ot St George's, 510,000; Dr. Charles Hall, who is very eloquent and whose church, the Fifth Avenue Presbyte rian, is always crowded, 515,000; Rev. Rob ert 'Collyer, ot the Park Avenue Unitarian Church. 510,000; Dr. Charles R. Parkhurst, of the Madison Square Church, 512,000, and Dr. John R. Paxton, who preaches to Jay Gould and other millionaires, 515,000. To the average country clergyman, who must worry along on $1,000 a year or less, the salaries ot his favored city brothers must seem, indeed, princely. EtJFUS R. WILS02T. JAIL EEEAKEK3 FOH-EU By the Aid of an Infernal Machine They Kad Nearly Escaped. Boston, Nov. 5. SpcciaL The in mates of the State prison, with the aid of an infernal machine, made last evening one of the boldest attempts at an escape by burning the prison itself that has been attempted for many a year. Had not the plan been prematurely discovered all or part of the prison wou'd be in ashes. At lock-up time the men all passed to their cells and the regular routine watch was set A little before 11 o'clock the officers on watch smelt smoke coming from the direc tion of the shop, and proceeding there found a vjry lively little blaze under the benches. An alarm was pulled at once lrom the prison box, while the officers themselves starred fighting the fire and ex tinguished it without much trouble. On examining the debris a very neat in fernal machine, made of the traditional wooden box, was discovered. Inside of this there was a clock movement, arranged with an alarm so that tne descending lever would strike a bunch of matches and fire the handful of oiled cotton waste that was placed in the bottom. The entire arrange ment was placed in a box ot shanks and carefully hidden. , a A HEW KAMUOTH OLAS3 W0BK3 Opens at Monde, Ind., With a Tank Built in Pittsburjr. MUXCIE, Isn., Nov. 5. Special The great continuous tank at the Maring-Hart glass and window-glass works has been fin ished after several months' work, and to day the first glass of the silver-clear kind was pulled from it. The tank is about GO feet long, and it requires over CO carloads of material to fill it The cost of constructing the mammoth masonry was over 5100,000. The tank is the Siemens regenerating patent, and was built bv Dixon & Woods. ot Pittsburg. It is the largest tank in the West. The furnace is a 48-pot concern, with three turns daily, and the factory now em ploys about 400 hands, turning out 250,000 square feet ot glass a week, with an annual pay roll of over 5250,000 pe'r annum. Mr. Hart, who has the general soperintendency of the factory,' is President of the Western Window Glass Manufacturers' Association, and is Chairman of the Wage Committee. Ps PITTSBURG DISPATCH, TEACHING IN ENGLAND The Bequirements Very High and tho Wages Eitremely Low. $375 A YEAR THE AVERAGE. Six Tears of Special Training Necessary for "that Salary. THE EDUCATIONS SYSTEM IS GOOD CCOBUESrOKDENCIt OP THE DISPATCH. LosDON, Oct. 28. The adult teachers em ployed in the public elementary schools of England and Wales are returned at about 75,000. Popular education is a thing of re cent origin over here. Prior to 1870 the board school was unknown, all the training possible to the children of the masses being wholly, before that time, in the hands of the church or at the discretion of private individuals. But in the year indicated a marvellous adance was made. Not only were school boards instituted, with liberal provisio'n for their maintenance by grants from the State, but increased grants of money and varions other incentives to en terprise were offered to private and denomi national schools, and, in fact, the entire educational machinery of the country was overhauled, with the object of shaping it, as far as'scemed practicable at that time, after the best models afforded iu Enrope aud the United States. Since then "the schoolmaster has been abroad" in old England in a fashion qui'e beyond anything Lord Brougham could have known when he first used that phrase. Illiteracy, which was disgracefully common before, is now rapidly disappearing. The elections afford a good test ot the progress along this line. A polling clerk in one of the poorest districts in London expressed to me his delighted amazement that in a vote of nearly 2,000 at the last election the ballots cast by those who could not read or write were only about 50. In the Strand division there were only 27 illiterates out of 6,808 voters; in North Hackney only 19 out of 7,477, with similar evidences ot improve ment both in town and conntry all over the nation, not excepting even "Suffolk and Cambridgeshire, although these counties at present stand lowest in the list Statistics on Education and Crime. Another gratifying result of this exten sion of school privileges' to the masses is a marked diminution in the number.of crim inals. On the assumption that the public schools of England give only a little educa tion, which is all that can be reasonably expected Irom them, the old saying that ''a little knowledge is a dangerous thing" is completely refuted by the criminal statis tics of Great Britain. Since 1869 the pop ulation has increased about 7,000,000, but notwithstanding this, juvenile offenders against the law, while they numbered in tha,t year about 10,000, have decreased at a steady annual rate until now the average per year is only about 4,000 And the pro portionate falling off has been almost as great among the worst classes ot adult offenders. Alter this showing, one is quite prepared for the exhibition ot progress w liicli the schools themselves afford. In 1869 the pupils enrolled were less than 1,000.000; last year they were nearly 5,000,000. There has also been an unbroken tiend of improve ment during this time in the curriculum of these elementary schools, as well as in the standard of scholarship among the teachers. There are numerous schools now whose head masters write the suffix of M. A. after their names; and this, it will be remembered, carries more weight than in the United States, because, for the generality of students, it is much harder to obtain. There is an elementary school iu Cambridge which has in it. I am told, three or four teachers who have taken a University decree, and I am assured by those well "up in educa tional matters that it will probably not be a great while before, in all urban schools, the acquisition bv the master of a badge of scholarship 'like this will be a universal condition of his employment The System of Examination. The most recent evidences of improve ment in English elementary schools are the abolition, to a large extent, of the payment of school pence bv the pnpils, and a change in the form ot inspection which virtually abolishes the old "push and cram system" in preparing for examinations. Formerly the pupils in schools sharing in the State grant could be assessed from 3d to !M a week at the discretion of those in charge. Now, these schools which are willing to lorego this source of revenue, or to modify it in proper ratio, are paid by the Slate an extra 10 shillings per annum for etch pupil in attendance, and in the majority of schools this effort of. the Government to make education free to the children of the masses has been cheerfully acquiesced in. The other change referred to affects the basis on which the State erant is appor tioned. For many years each scholar was examined individually, and the amount of money received by the school depended largely upon the individual passes. This was hard on the children, and, with their own pay depending somewhat on the re sults, it was "very hard on the teachers. Happily, this bas now been so changed that a school is judged and rewarded upon its merits considered as a whole, a system which proves to be a great boon to anxious pedagogues and a great relief to dull aud lazy pupils. All tcbools share equally in the Govern ment grant, whether controlled by school boards or otherwise; and this means that under the peculiar educational system of England the majority of the schools sharing in this grant are not board schools at all, but are church and denominational schools, among the latter being a fair proportion belonging to the Roman Catholics. Bequirements of Denominational Schools. The only conditions imposed are that cer tain branches shall be taught, that not more than 9d a week shall be charged lor tuition, that the schools shall be open to Her Ma jesty's inspectors, that instruction shall cover a given number ot hours per day and days per year, and that within the Lours specified there shall be no infringement of the rights of conscience by forcing upon the pupils any teaching that is distinctly re ligious. Complying with these require ments any elementary school in the realm may claim its share ot Government help, and the number of day schools thus assisted in.England aud Wales last year was 19,535. The number of adult teachers has been given roughly at 75.000, but in order to a proper understanding of the matter a classi fication is necessary. Those holding cer tificates its fully qualified teachers number 45,597. and of these 18,264 are masters and 27,333 mistresses. Besides these there are 23,508 assistant teachers, and still lower in the scale, -28,131 pupil teachers, most of the latter, who are learning the trade, so to speak, being minors, with the probability, we should say, that among both pupil and assistant teachers the' ratio of the two sexes would be about the samo as among those holding certificates. In the sending forth of those who are to teach the voung idea how to shoot the Government takes a hand. To all aspirants a Queen's Scholarship is held out. This is obtained by passing-suc-cesslully a somewhat rigid examination. Last year there were more than 10,000 con testants lor this prize, and something less thau three-fourths of this number, I am told, bscame entitled to it The Ordeal or the Teachers. This distinction qualifies the aspirant to either enter one of Her Majesty's Training Colleges for a term, of two years, or to serve for the same length of lime as an assistant' in the actual work of teaching. Then, for both classes there is another rigid examina tion, and then, that ordeil passed with credit, they are turned out upon the land a certificated teachers. Previously to all this, however, most of them hjave served four years In the capacity of pupil teacher, and. SUNDAY, NOVEMBER with only a small pittance In salary, have had to work hard in the school all day and occupy themselves at night in preparing for their annual examinations. Thus, the normal process by which an English school teacher is manufactured involves a prepara tory oourse of training, beyond the usual school period, of something like six full years. Iu approaching the question of salary, I am fain to let others speak rather than my self. The last Parliament was petitioned for a Select Committee to Inquire into the need for a superannuation fund for these .English pedagogues. Such a committee was appointed and has made its report Naturally, the question of wages came within its pervlew, aud what it savs upon this subject is, in substance, that at their present rate of pay it is utterly impossible for teachers as a class to do anything but eke out a bare subsistence. They can lay by nothing for old age or for the ordinary emergencies ot active life. To Be Savoil From Beggary. Therefore, says this report, to save them from beggary and the workhouse, the State, as it commissions them, ought to provide some pension scheme for thejr benefit. It is quite expected that before many years some scheme of this kind will be formulated into law. Strange to say, what the teach ers themselves ask is that a system shall be created under which, after all, most of the cost of their superannuation shall come out of their own pockets. Most of them, they think, might at least contribute 515 a year to such a fund, and if at the end the Gov ernmen t would disburse to them what had been laid by, with the addition of 55 or so per annum for every year ot active service thevhad rendered, they sem to think that. as things go over here, the time of old age and disability would find them in fairly good condition. What their situation is at present they shall tell us in their own words. We may surely accept as a proper representative of these teachers the President ot their Na tional Union, and this gentleman, Mr. J. H. Yoxall, of Sheffield in a comprehensive and able addresSj delivered at their last annual meeting in April of this year, said in reference to England's elementary school teachers: An Average or S375 a Year. "They are the only body of teachers in the country specially trained and taught to teach. Theirmoral and economic value to tho country can hardly be over estimated. They each receive on au average about 29 shillings per week, or 75 pounds per year (5375). Charity and the .poor law are practically the only provision for them in the days 'when all the weary wheels stand still.' There arc 44,415 of them certificated, hold ing the State's guarantee of complete effic iency to teach." Then he gives the subjoined table. The only change I have made in it is the substi tution of the value in dollars for the amount given in pounds. It will be noted that Mr. Yoxall's statement of the number of certificated teachers is lower than mine. This is because I have ha 1 the advantage) of the educational returns just published, wnereas in April last, wnen tnis table was made, the latest figures available were those of the year before. SALARIES OF CERTIFICATED TEACHEBS IK THE PUBLIC ILK5IEXTABT SCUOOLS OF ESQLAJfD AND WALES. JUS- Mis ters, tresses. Total. Salaries tinder 1550. 213 4.453 4.671 SBO and less tliaa S5M 7.IJ9 1S.SU) 24,UjS S500 and less than S50 6.G75 4,113 10.7td 7o0andlesi than $I,(X 2,188 672 2.83s 1,000 and over 1,5)1 419 2.049 ToUls 17.79 23,616 44,415 These figures, it will be observed, are only for certificated teachers, those who, ior the most part, have qualified themselves lor their important duties by six years of special training. Assistant teachers, as a matter ot course, get much less, aud pupil teachers, as is quite proper, a smaller allow ance still. Moreover, teachers here have only a short hpliday in summer. In towns it is a month; in villages from a month to six weeks according to the length of the harvest season. I can .hardly wonder that . bllCJ ttlB Up IU HUJ3, -OUU NIC OSlWlU fcMC Government, as they really are, to save them lrom charity or the poorhouse when old age forces them to retire, and I feel that I shall only voice the sympathetic wish of all American teachers in hoping that their petitions and appeals may yield a rich and speedy fruitage. HEXKr TuoKLEr. A P2INCE GOING MAD. The Malady of Royalty Has Overtaken the Czar's Closest Friend. Another sprig of royalty is showing symp toms of mental collapse, the curse that has haunted so many of the princely houses of Europe. Nicholas of Montenegro, the Czar's friend, is now the sufferer a remarkably handsome man, a prince who combined rare intellectuality with beauty of person, he fell a victim to the love of luxury and in dolence fostered in his early life. Al though the kingdom ot Montenegro is a small affair with a population of but 236,000 souls at the Inst census, the reigning prince enjoys the distinction of being the Czar of Russia's greatest friend, and in consequence the couriers who have been dispatched to Russia's ruler to secure hi co-oppration in an effort to force Nicholas' abdication may have some difficulty. While in a measure to bla me for his pres ent condition, some sympathy must be felt for Nicholas' unfortunate ending. For awhile after he succeeded his assassinated uncle, Danilo, he manifested a desire to Trince of Montenegro. attend strictly to business. He took great delight in the schools he pl&nted through out the country. He had a farm at one place, where he experimented in coffee cul ture, while at the same time his poetic gift was given out through a published volume of spngs and a tragedy. In any Monte negrin village one can hear some of the Prince's pretty ballads sung to the accom paniment of the plaintive toned gusla, the iiatioualmusical instrument In spite ot his accomplishments, the Prince has iu recent years done nothing but enjoy himself, leav ing his country to take care of ItselC TOTAL ABSTINEBCE HOTE& Nattokai, Union per capita tax Is now due. Bills arc sent out in Xovcmlior. Up to dato. Iiwlu Society is the banner one. One hundred strong! One hundred Is a good niaik for all to aim at. From efcjut socfetios that have sont in October leports a gain of 81 over last year Is loportcd. Keep up thetgood woik. The now circular prepared by tho Liter ary Committee, calling attention to the pledge curds. Is now ready for mailing. The indefatigable wortrer. Mr. P. W. Joyce, has been in active service for 18 years. Jlr. Joyce nnd tho Pittsburg Union are inseparable names. Is ordering tracts societies would be better.served by paying for the full year in advance. Iu this way time and postage would he saved. Send the Union Secretary $8 for I0J a mouth by mall. Blanks for October reports sent ont by General Secretay Nolan, come In very slowly. Local secretaries stionld bomoio prompt! no society can hope to get alone with a negligent secretary. 6, 1892. TOPICS OF THE TIME, A Dutch Officer Who Claims to Bo the Last Dauphin of France. CURBING CHINA'S' YELLOW E1YEE. French Feeling as to Their Ambassador at the Court of H. James. JEAN IXGEL0W AS POET LAUREATE .X rWlUTTOT FOB THE DISFATCH. One of the most celebrated claimants to the throne of France is just now recalled by a Ian suit in the French courts against one Nauendorfl, a Dutch officer, who claims to be, at least so the cables state, the genu ine Dauphin or heir to tho crown of France, who disappeared at the time of the Revolu tion. It the officer actually claimed to be a descendant of the son of Louis XVL there would be something within reason in Ms pretensions, but, inasmuch as the Dauphi n was 9 years of age in 1791, the year of his disappearance, and then practically half dead with diseases acquired in prison, the absurdity of Nauendorft's claims becomes apparent However, the agitation cannot fail for the time being to recall the sad story of the lost heir to the throne of France, par ticularly in the conntry in which he is said to have lound refuge. The little Prince's awful imprisonment; his disappearance; the arrival in this country of a family from France with a child answer! ng to a dot the describd appearance aid condition of the child at this time; the miraculous return of reasoning powers; his adoption by Iroquois Indians, and the later eilorts ot Prince Louis Phillipe to silence his claim by pur chase, are all matters of history, but very interesting. There are perfens liv ing to-day Who "will remember when, during the '40's, the matter W 'ti Kauendorff. was brought to Its most interesting point Such men as the Hon. John Jay, Minister to Austria; Hamilton Fish, Bishop Potter, of New York, and Bishop Kep, of California, took' sides with the American claimant. Thelatter was then known as Rey Eleazar Williams, a missionary among the Indians. An effort was also made to organize a party in France to push the man's claims, but it fell through and the clergyman remained until bis death in 1858, without having proved his claims or being the gainer by them. He had married a Miss Madeline Jourdau, a French-Indian lady of great beauty, but I cannot say to a certainty that he left any descendants. What may be the history of this man Naueudorff, would he interesting, perhaps. if this thing of naving pretensions to royal honors were not so oppressively common. We still hare a few claimants left in America, while in Fiance if all the pre tenders, Bourbon, Imperial, Orleanist and others were requested to declare thsmselves, halt the population of the country would rise to its feet Tho Wandering Elver or China. The "Curse of China," or as it is perhaps known, the Hoang Ho or Yellow river, is once more ravaging China, destroying hun dreds of lives and millions of dollars' worth of property. To some it may seem strange that efforts are not made to prevent the recurrence of these tremendous calamities. Many 6uggestions4'have" been offered, but the Chinese Government is not disposed to adopt any of them, on account ot the im mense cost entailed. However, it would seem the best plan, and the cheapest, at almost any cost, to curb the destructful stream, it that be possible. Within tho last 20 years it ha3 destroyed enough prop erty to pay twice over for the engineering work of the most costly plan proposed. The "Wandering River" would seem a bettername than "Yellow River." Dur ing the last 2,500 centuries it has changed its' course completely ten times, about 500 miles separating its most northern lrom its its extreme southern course. The striking peculiarsties of the overflow are that when it breaks from the course it has been pur suing, it goes wandering are vast plains forming lakes here and rushing along there, consuming everything it comes in contact with, like' some great creeping monster. The plains of the Hoang Ho'over 400 miles wide and COO miles wide: millions of peo ple cultivatd the rich soil which his been deposited here during previous floods aud when the terrible river overflows no one knows what direction it will take. Flight Is useless, the lugative pprhaps running right into the teeth ot the monster. And then the terrible stream goes wandering about, months sometimes elapsing before it finds its way to the sex A Woman to Succeed Tennyson. The suggestion which really came from America, and was very early made in The DisrATCir, that Miss Jean Ingelow be ap- I pointed poet-laureate of England seems to be taken quite seriously by our cousins across the water. It comes, too, when the fights of women are occasioning cousidcr able discussion, even in Parliament. One member of that body, Sir Wilfred Lawson, emphatically insists that women are per fectly able to take their places alongside the men in intellectual pursuits and pro fessions. ."Why should not women be Bishops?" hotly contends Sir Wilfred, which, strange ly enough, arouses t.'.e ire of some ot the stanchest woman'a rights advocates. They are seemingly afraid that Lawson'i remarks may be really a delicate piece of sarcasm,as he is known as a funny man in Parliament. Say the ladies: "Sir Wilfred Lawson may have met a Bibhop here and there who was something of an old woman, but it docs not follow that all old women would make good bishops." Author of a Popular Sonff. A writer in a prominent eastern journal ' n fj't IOWI4 A. I'll I 'I 'ff v. : mwur tell The Lost Dauphin. stated recently that the author" and origin of the lamous song, "Dixie," is not known to a certainty. This is rather hard on old Dan Emmett, the negro minstrel, who proved, it is said, to the satisfaction of a convention of publishers as early as 18G0 that he was the author and composer of the melody. It is certain that W. A. Pond, the music publisher, paid Mr. Emmett a royalty on the song, aud numerous min strels of the early 'GOs paid him 55 lor the privilege of using it Mr. Emmett claims that it was written in New York one morn ing in the year 1853, and snng the following evening at Mechanic's Hall, Broadway. He Is Too Friendly to England. But little more than a year has gone by since the memorable visit of the French squadron to England, on which, occasion the English public found opportunities to express their M. VTaddlngton. satisfaction with M. Waddington, the French Ambassador at the Court of St James. They noted bis many good services toward perpetuating the good feeling be tween the nations. Now, the French peo ple are clamoring for M. Waddington's re call. They think their representative's friendship for England a little too warm, and cite as proof his opposition to the French-Russian alliance. From his appearance and name Wadding ton would be readily taken for an English man and, barring bis having been born in Paris, he is really a Briton, as both of his parents certainly were. His father was the son of a London merchant, who settled in France in 1815. Waddington was edu cated entirely at Rugby and Cambridge. While at the latter college as an under graduate he was one ot the Cambridge crew in the university boat race. Mr. Wadding ton was 39 years old before he began to take an interest'in politic;, but he had already achieved a great reputation as an authority on numismatics and epigraphy and written several excellent works on his travels in Greece, Syria and Asia Minor. He bad been iu politics six yeara when he was elected, in 1871, to the National Assembly by over 69,000 votes. From that time on his career has been excep tionally brilliant. In 187J he was Minister of Public Instruction in M. Thier's Cabi net and three years later was elected to the Senate. A few weeks afterward M. Du fanre became Premier and again Mr. Wad dington was civen the Public Instruction portfolio. In 1877 he was foreign Minister and the following year was sent to Berlin cs First French Plenipotentiary. On his return he succeeded Dufaure as Premier, but only for a few months, M. de Freyeiuet taking his place. He still remained an active member of the Senate, and in 1883 was sent to Moscow to represent France at the coronization of the Czar, and a month later made Minister to England, where he has since remained. Mr. Waddington is well liked bv those whom he calls friends, but to others his cold, dignified manner is somewhat repel lent He is of medium height, with gray hair and whiskers and blue eyes, and bas the appearance of robust health! A Famous Music Teacher. There died recently in England a man whose name was scarcely known, if at all, in this country, and yet many ofthemost distinguished members of the lyric, dra matic and olher professions owed a very considerable part of their fame to him. Be he actor or orator, lawyer or clergyman, there is nothing that so quickly earns favor as the possession of a good voice and as M. Emil Behnke had strengthened and cultivated the vecal organs of some of the most famous persons in England, he is entitled to some part ot this fame. M. Behnke arranged a system of cultivating the voice, which is now con sidered one of the best known. The volume which he published on the subject: "Voice, Song and Speech," was not remarkable for its style, composition or construction, but it fairly teemed with information on the subject discussed. It is now in its thir teenth edition, while his "Voice Training Exercises" bas reached its sixtieth thou sand. Her Face Is Her Fortune. The Miss Dorothy Dene, who has just arrived in this country in company with a sister iu search of a theatrical engagement, is one of the type of women who think that comeliness of person is all that is required to.insure a successful stage career. I well Dorothy Dcm. remember the furor she caused in London some forfr or five fears ago, when Sir Frederick Leighton made her famous 'oy using her as a model for "Iphigenia." Everybody raved about Iicr charms then, aud ball a dozen artists painted her into some of their strongest works. Then she went on the stage, and was quite a favorite in England for some time, but her beauty seems to have palled on the British public, else why shonld she be put to such straights r.s to enter this easily gulled countrvun heralded and practically begiing a Job? W. G. Kaufjiamt. THE LOKD MAYOR HOT SHUBBED. Iiyslclans Orders Compelled Gladstone to Decline to Attend tho Banquet. LoNDOjr, Nov. 3. Mr. Gladstone has written a letter to Mr. Kuill, announcing his inability to attend the coming banquet, and expressing his regrets. His decision not to attend the banquet is due, he says, to the explicit advice of his physician, who has insisted for the last seven years that he should absent himself from all public ban quets, and who will not permit an excep tion to be made on the present occasion. In concluding Mr. Gladstone says: "I must congratulate yoa on the spirit and success with which yoiisustaine 1 iu the discussion preceding the election the prin ciple of religious freedom." FITS Alt tits stopped free by Dr. Kline's Great Nerve Restorer. No fits after lint dj' use. Mar rcloua cures, 'treatise and i U) trial bottle free to fit cases. r. Mine, uu Arch t, f ntla,, l'a. en mv Mm Ik MB 111 wf THE CLUB WOMEN. v" Mrs. C. L Wade. The PIttsbnrs Woman's Clab. The Pittsburg Woman's Club is the old est club in Western Pennsylvania devoted to the intellectual improvement of women. It is 21 years of age. Everyone has heard of the blue tea given by Mrs. Helen M. Jenkins at her home on Arch street, Alle gheny, and at which the Woman's Club may be said to hare been founded. The women's club movement in Pittsbnr goes back farther, however. The idea of such a club may be said to have originated with the women wboyears ago used to meet in the old Baptist Church at the corner of Grant street and Third avenue. Mrs. Jano Grey Swiashelm, Mrs. a L Wade and Mrs. Helen M. Jenkins were among the ladies mo3t active in the proceedings. Most of them stood very much in awe of Mrs. Swisshelm, who undertook the office of critic whenever she thought anyone particu larly needed admonition. One day an un lucky young woman in her paper chanced to make some statements Mr. Swisshelm did not like. When the speaker bad finished and was seated, Mrs. Swisshelm arose Planting herself in the aisle between two window?, she squared her shoulders and looked over her glasses in a war that to tho initiated indicated that the distinguished suffragist was about to file a series of objec tions. "Madam President," said she, 1 was to have read an essay on Macbeth. I put on ray black silk dress to-day. The essay is in the pocket ol mv other dress, and I for got it. If you will permit me I have a few criticisms to make on the essay of the young lady who preceded me. The few criticisms quite demolished the young ladv and the paper. Ever after the ladies as they read were wont to keep one eye on their manuscript and the other on Mrs. Swisshelm. When the Woman's Club was organized Mr. Swisshelm, however, was not among its members. Tae club's avowed object is "to bring together women interested in art, literature, science and philanthropy for the purpose of mental culture and mutual help or whatever tends to thejidyancement of women." Mrs. C. I. Wade is Tts-Presi-dent aud Mrs. Hugo Rosenberg Secretary. The club's past presidents include Mrs. XT. J. Prentice and Mrs. George Taylor. Officers are elected annually in January, and the meetings are held on alternate Tuesdays of each month in the Central Board rooms. The club membership is rated at about 40 active members and in cludes many of the most talented and prominent women in the two cities. The topic for study during the present year is American history. Of the President,Mrs.C. LWade, a prom inent educator said not long since: "Sha is the wittiest and best informed woman I have ever known." She is a native of Pittsburg, was once a teacher, and was principal of the Ralston school at the height of its prosperity. She has always been interested in woman suflrags, and her articles criticising the masculine J w have occasioned, that self-satisfied por'tioi of humanity many a squirm. Her literary work has been varied and of a high stand ard. Her firBt article, due to the encour ment of Mr. Robert Nevin, appeared in the Pittsburg Lender, and was widely read and commented upon. A number ot peo ple claimed the credit of it, even vouch safing the information to the real author, mucn to her amusement Since then she has gained a repntation more than local. She is the oniv woman who is a member at the Pittsburg Press Club. Mrs. Wade has a pretty home at Edge wood where every .Tone she entertains the Woman's Club. She has been President of the club for many years and usually repre sents it at conventions. Unfortunately ill ness prevented her attendance at the con vention of Pennsylvania women's elubs held during the week at Philadelphia. Following is an abstract from a history of the club read by Mrs. Wade in the spring, at the assembly of women's clubs in Western Pennsylvania. The stromr minded woman It "popular V supposed to be a shockingly awful creature who will not temple to lead a prayer meet ing or speak in public. Women are usually us dumb and dead as doornail in any meet ing that has u man in it When we sug gested "The Woman's Club" as a name for onr organization some of the members thought "cluli" did not .-sound roiU-aiid-watery enough and suggested card p!.yin-j aud drinking, but, as the dictionary in dorsed it as a perfectly respectable word, the majority of unvoted in favor of It The success of onrcinb has demonstrated to the public that women can get alon? without thchtin!;, and uo not, wnen they cannoc have tlielr own way. taKe tneirai-nea and go home. Women's main topics of conver sation are supposed to bo dress, disease and domestics. Club life has not made us love the dear luetnern less, but respect ourselves more. The mmt enthusiastic toast at onr anniversary banquets Is 'The Jlen. God Bless Them." Notes From the Clab Rooms. Tns Woman Suffrage Club will meet Thursday next in the Carnegio Art Eoom. The Saturday Club of Wayne, Pa., gave a tea for the delegates to the clab convention held ut the Century Club November 2 and 3. Hits. W. n. Siviter. of the Women's Press Club, had a sketch, "A Swiss Love Story." an exquHite piece of word painting, in Oo- touer snore & ones. TnE live topic at last Tuesday's meeting of the Woman's Chib was whether the World'i Fair should be kept open on Sunday. Tho question was argued pro nnd con, princi pally con, and with great vigor. Sins. Makt Temple iiAvno, of Philadel phia nnd I'lttsburs press representative lor Pennsylvania on iho women's auxiliary to World's Fair Commissioners, ai visiting relatives in Allegheny during the weelr.. The Vassar Students' Aid Society has pent two young women to Vassar College this year, instead of ono as expected. The scholarships are awarded through a com petitive examination. A mee:lng of the so ciety will be held soon, to arrange for tho wintci's work. TnE ladies of the Travelers' Clnb are deep ly interested in tho newspapers theso days beennse a serios of political discussions has been inaugurated in the club. Next Friday's subject is "Keciprocity," and If wme ofthn fair orators do not give air. James li. Blaine, pointers, l.e may considernnoselt "smarter" than this town thought ho was1. "Free trade" comes next on the list and as thera are only two "iree traders" In the clnb, free tracto is likely to have a very poor show. The Travelers Club has decided to ap point each month two committees, one a press committee, whose duty it shall bo to offer to tho dally paper notices of approaoh ing meetings and other announcements; the other a committee to seoure muslo for each meeting of the club during their month. November's press committee- is compo-cd or Miss Martha Grlegs, MUs M. Klcanora Anderson and Miss Uda C. Kin?. Tho music committee comprises Mrs. Georgo King, Miss Bojlo and Miss Bessia Stcvousou. Stylish Saltlnzs, Testings, tronserinss, overcoatings and rendy-made ovorcoats at Fltcaixa's, 431 Wood street. Dn. Sieoebt's Angostnra Bitters, lndone&t Dy physicians for purity. 1- A & v-k- L fi u-jjf-ija Jt. i 0fll&wtjRiHiHBHBiHiIBHIIflR9llr
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers