IJPFfX. TOT- $- 16 f plavers, saturnine, nardonic race, prone HdSo silence and subtle scheming, imperturb- able as the sphinx. I felt that eTery one expected me to lose, and I determined to disappoint them if it 1t in my power. 1 played as I had never plaved before. At last the game was over. Iliad w6n. But at what a cost! It seemed to me that a horde of frantic demons were pounding away Inside of my head. I reeled and almost fell as I rose to receive the con gratulations of the bystanders. Moltke stepped forward saying some thing, which became utterly unintelligible to me; consciousness forsook me and I sank in a swoon at his feet. When I revived, Moltke was gone, but Hondin and several others were standing about me. It was after 9 o'clock, and, as I felt somewhat weak, I signified to Hondin my Intention of going home en voitnre. A back was soon at my disposal. "To-morrow," whispered the Wizard, as he oDened the door of the vehicle for me, "call "upon me at the Theater des Soirees Fantasti ques." I promised to do so and was then riven off to my lodgings. CHAPTER IX The following aiternoon I was seated in small workshop which adjoined the stage of Robert Houdin's theater in the Palais SoyaL I had entirely recovered from the indisposition occasioned by the yesterday's game; and now Houdin was rehearsing to tne the encomiums of the lookers-on. "Your own opinion?" I said at last. What did you think of my play? I know Jhat so shrewd an observer as yon will al ways note points which escape the partici pants." "Quite trne!" replied the Wizard, lean ing his chair back against a stove, which Pwas enjoying its summer vacation. "I have .eften said that one conjurer in the audience "teas worth a dozen on the stage." "Tour play," he went on, "recalled to A mutual me the inerrancy, the shugjish persistence, the sledge-hammer invincibility of my own mechanical chess-monitor. How you hung to his throat, dogged every step ot his re treat; guarded everv avenue and repulsed very "sortie drawing the meshes of the Inevitable, checkmate about his struggling hosts! It was prodigious! In every way worthy of my marvelous mechanical moni tor." I could not repress a smile. "Have yon, too, been led to experiment with chess automata?" I asked; not, how ever, without a touch ot curiosity. "Experiment? I have achieved the most complete success!" and he threw his head packlprondly. I was about to vent an incredulous enter, but he interrupted me, saying: "I know you to be impregnated with the popular prejudices. You think that an automatic chess player is an absurdity, and whv? Because Kempelen constructed one which was operated by fraud. I had the same idea when I first considered the problem, but, determined not to let the rabble judge for me, I set about to investi gate the matter on my own account. My discoveries astonished me. I came to the conclusion that the construction of an auto matic chess player was not alone possible, but was a mere' bagatelle to the intelligent mechanician." "The bases of the system which. I out lined were certain mathematical principles governing the game, buttressed by several axioms of every dav applicability." "There is an "old proverb, 'H faut qu 'une porte soit ouverte on fermee,' which formed the foundation of my method. I reasoned thus: There can be "but one correct reply to each move; there may be amillion moves possible, but only one can be correct." ".Now all who had attempted the problem before me labored under the idea that the construction of a chess, automaton must be as complex as the mind of the human being with whom he was to contend. Thus viewed it is a wonder that the problem was ever attempted at all. Imagine the ab surdity of file. and hammer, steel and brass as (actors in the construction of mechanical equivalents for the Island of Eeil, the thalamus opticus, or any of the numberless gyri whose functions even are veiled from our insufficient knowledge and undeveloped perceptions." "I saw from the first the fallacy of this theorv and thrust it aside. A man may err In judgment and move wrongly; a machine will never forget the lesaons derived irom Its creator nor disobey his injunctions; it cannot make mistakes. The man moves by will, a capacity variable and capricious; the automaton bv necessity, the stern and in oxorable law which guides the stars; that baa his choice of manv moves, all but one of which are faulty; this is without an alter sative and must plav correctly." Here Hondin paused. To say that I was perplexed by his specious arguments would be putting it mildly; thev fairly carried me by storm. He did not afford me much chance" to collect my thoughts, but continued his disquisition. "You see that the task is now reduced to a small part ot its fancied proportion. From the moment when the proposition I have Just expounded became obvious to me my work was mere routine; and, 13 days after ward,?' my model was completed. It was an entire success. While the delicacy of Its construction and its form render it un suitable for exhibition in public, it is all th nnro Tnnrvplonn &s an achievement of mechanics since anyone could carry it under his arm without inconvenience." "It is then," I asked, "not a life-sized figure?" "It is not a figure at all," was the reply, "but a chess board, in nowise differing from any other except that Itls slightly thicker to make room for the interior mechanism. It is not intended to play the game, but only to guide the player." "I do not understand you," I said. "Let me explain. The margin of the board is purposely decorated with a design of very small and intricate pattern. Your opponent has no sooner moved than one of the small squares of this pattern Ib replaced Wby another, whereon are two figures, which Indicate thereon the. proper piece to move in reply, the other the square upon which It should be placed. So that after every move your opponent, disconcerted by the quickness and accuracy of your game, grows flurried, makes errors, and falls an easy vic tim, while vou reap all the glory of victory without the toil of battle." "Ingenious!" I exclaimed; "but unfair." Houdin rose suddenly and walked toward the window. For a few minutes he stood there, looking fixedly across the beautiful gardens of the Palais Royal, as though grappling with tome still intangible, half-formed idea, Chen he returned and stood still before me. "Edouard, will you give me your assist- fiSiilSlllraill 4 ance in carrying out a plot of mine a re venge for each ot us and a salutary lesion for the victim?" Then, with his lips wreathed in that smile of satanio canning which was the elan, the flash the flame of his public performances, he unfolded to me the details of his scheme for the humiliation of the German chess-titan, the arrogant Von Moltke. "His immense egotism has disgusted me; he is a great chess player, but neither a generous victor nor a graceful loser. Yes terday, when all were offering you their congratulations, he sat sullenly to one side: when he at last arose, and yon swooned, he did not even wait until you came to, but went oS with a hectorly vaunt upon his lips. "I shall invite him to play another game with you. Then, depend upon me, his as surance will scatter like chaff; his strategy melt into thin air "before the invincible combinations of my monito." Hurt by the slight which I supposed I had received from Moltke, I effected a com promise' with my conscience, and consented to become a party to the conspiracy. I would have preferred to meet the German upon a fair field; but, whether it was due to Houdin's insinuative eloquence or to my natural cowardice (I am candid), I was carried away by the clamour of the project and became the willing tool of a gigantic fraud. "To-morrow morning at 111" said Houdin at parting; "I will play the good pretre meanwhile and prepare the condemned for the stroke of the axe." As I decended the narrow stair, the door leading to the street opened, and I found myself face to face with Moltke. "Ah, my young friend," he cried pleas antly, "have you been to our friend's for a sorcerer's spell, It will avail you noth ing when next we meet" "You are very confident," I drawled, a supercilious gesture. 'It seems to me that If either of us need take recourse to sorcery, you would be that one." discotekt. Moltke did not reply, but waved his hand In token of adieu, and began to ascend the stairs. I hurried homeward, revolving in my mind the pretty speeches, the biting mots, and ironical sallies, whereby I would embitter his discomfiture on the morrow. CHAPTER IIL It lacked a few minutes of 11 when I en tered Houdin's atalier on the following day. The first thing to catch my attention upon being admitted was the almost sepulchral gloom in which the apartment was shrouded. Dark green blinds cov ered the upper halves of the windows; for the purpose, as Houdin casually ob served, of excluding the sun which was par ticularly troublesome about noon. The con juror's glittering apparatus was entirely covered with black cloth a wise precaution, for there were seven or eight utter strang ers in the room. No. not all strangers; for one I surely knew! That pale, tad face, so like a shadow of the first Napoleon's did it not belong to Paul Morphy? He recognized me at once, for we had met several times at Foure's; and, coming toward me, grasped my hand cordially, and wished me success. Houdin . then intro duced me to the rest of the com pany. Never had I, nor haye I since, except at some of the grand tourna ments, seen so many great players tog? t her, players of world-wide reputation. There was my countryman, Morphy, the greatest Chess General of all ages; second to him alone, Anderssen, the Prussian Master; Dufresne, his friend and associate; then Houdin, the crafty, the cat-like, and lastly, gereater perhaps than any of these though then less famons, the German soldier, Heimuth von Moltke. Several lesser celebrities completed the circle now form ing around the table which stood in the center of the room. I had already seated myself at llouain s Decs, ana was waiting for Moltke to do the same. A close scrutiny of the board convinced me that the secret of its mechanism was secure from discovery, thanks to the blinds which plunged the room into a .lurid semi-darkness. Moltke seated himself and we began to arrangs our respective hosts in the line of battle. Hardly had the last piece ' been fiut into position, when, with lightning ike rapidity and absolute noiselessness, the square which Houdin had indicated, shitted and was replaced by another. "Pawn to the King's fourth" was the move which the almost invisible marks pre cribed. "Saga counselor," thought I, "lrom what source hast thou derived such superhuman sagacity?" But this ironical train of tbought was broken by Houdin, who, to decide the move, had arranged a number of paper slips between the leaves of a book; This he now held out toward me. I drew a short slip and the move fell to Moltke. He promptly placed his King's pawn upon the fourth square. My pre scribed move remained the same; I felt naif tempted to play the Fianchetto, but a warning look from Houdin corrected my seditious intention. I followed the Moni tor's guidance and advanced my pawn two squares. Then followed a half dozen book moves on each side. But now Moltke leans forward, bands clenched, brow corrugated, his eyes fixed intently upon the board. He moves, and an involuntary murmur of admiration escapes the bystanders. The move seemed to me without special signifi cance; so, giving the position a careless glance, I made the prescribed reply. The game went on a while in absolute silence; then Moltke's combination dawned upon me, and I found, to my astonishment, that my ofl-hand moves, prompted by the Moni tor, had completely circumvented a snare so intricate, so ingenious, that I could scarcely comprehend it even then, though it lay un masked and disarmed before me. A hundred times during the game I thanked the Monitor for its faithful guid ance; lacking which I should have been dis gracefully defeated, for Moltke played like a demon. Such dash and such deliberation, at once so subtle and so gritty: It was diabolical! But my monitor was equal to any emer gency. And, if matchless in defense, how snail I characterize ft in attack? The eagle that swoops down from its eyrie upon the unsheltered flock; the lion that leaps from the junglegrass into a herd of antelope; the hurricanes of tropical seas were not more irresistable than my serried onset. At first I felt inclined to distrust my preceptor; but, before a score of moves had been made on each side, the measure of my faith was so brimming that I followed all his direc tions without a quiver of doubt, no matter how headlong or seemingly irrelevant the course they dictated. Now the Queen would make an onslaught into the heart of the foeman's phalanx through an avenue bristling .with hostile ipean. Seeming folly, for the it left en THE prise! Ah, let him take her If he dare 1 For what doth it profit a man if he sain the whole chessboard and lose his game?" Again, a pawn wonld advance in tome distant corner of the board Moltkekut knits his, brow; scowls savagely; then sets himself stolidly to survey the field. He moves, smiling'my purpose is plain to him. What matter? The automaton prompts me and I confront htm with a new combina tion; another skirmish ensuing which re quires the utmost nicety of management on his part to avert a crushing overthrow. In this way the battle surged to and fro for three long hours neither side gaining any advantage, and every point being con tested as fiercely as though the fate of em pires hung in the scales. The afternoon sun beat obliquely Into the room throwing the shadows of the spectators fitfully across the board, like clouds that trembled beneath the iron chariot of Mars. Absolute silence reigned: onlv broken at intervals by the husky, half-muttered "check!" of Moltke, or my own clearer, more confident chal lenge. At last the game drew to a close. Moltke folded his arms across his breast and announced a draw in five moves. This was so obvious that Anderssen, who had been keeping score, threw aside his pencil, and lunged for a vacant chair toward which Houdin had begun a pilgrimage. A young man named Hamilton, Houdin's pupil and frequently his proxy, took ad vantage of tne laughter and diversion caused by this slight disturbance, and, re placing the chessmen in their box, put the board beyond the reach ot scrutiny which might discover its secret mechanism. Now Morphy, whom the insufficiency of chairs compelled to lean against the furloughcd stove, began in his slow, impressive manner to descant upon the game. "The mostremarkable feature of your play," he said, turning to me, "was the ap parent unconcern with which vou launohed against him the most astonishing and intri cate coups de main." Then, taking, the card, upon which Anderssen bad penciled the score, he exclaimed: "One hundred and twentv-four moves in three, hours, each a gem. pregnant with possibilities; it is un paralleled!" Now turning to Moltke he went on, in tones ot bitter irony: "Well my German friend, do you now relish the truth in the fable of the mouse and the file? Have you found your way into.the smithy at last? Has the dent merchante been dulled?" Moltke, with a gesture ot impatience, was about to retort, when Anderssen inter posed. "Getrost, Heimuth, dein Spiel war fehlerlos!" Be cheered, Heimuth; your game was faultless! But the great soldier would not be comforted. To him a remise was as galling as defeat. He could not brook failure: holding success to be a math ematical certainty a corollary of all his actions. So at least it seemed to me, and I think his subsequent military career con firmed this enimate. Alter some wine had been partaken of the company dispersed never again to re assemble. Moltke returned to Germany a few days after, with the Crown Prince: so also Anderssen andDufresne when the chess congress was over; while Morphy, the young invincible, after an extended tour, went back, laden with glory, to his native land. The only one I frequently met was Houdin. Always the same Asmodeus-like eatirist, the suave schemer, the brilliant meteoric intellect! We played quite often, with varying fortunes. Sometimes I would importune him to fetch the Monitor from its place of concealment, to draw aside the veil of silence and secrecy which hid that wonderful achievement of human in genuity from the world. Then he. would raise his finger warningly and remind me of mv promise. "Shall I not dispose of my handiwork at my own pleasure? There are still certain parts which I wish to perfect. I want this to be the crowning marvel of my magic, the inheritance ot the world fiom me, the dernier mot of my career." Wearying of reiteration, I at last kept my peace. CHAPTER IV. When the Franco-Prussian war broke out, I accompanied the French army as correspondent of several prominent En glish and American .newspapers, having gradually drifted into journalism. The opening moves of the campaign con vinced me that Moltke had not lost any of his, former skill. The French were hurled back at every point; their headlong ad vance, flushed with the expectation of vic tory, was turned into a disorderly, rout, I witnessed the bloody work at Saarbruck and at Gravelotte; the surrender ot Napo leon at Sedan; the capitulation of Metz. Hurrying back to Paris, where the seat of war had now shifted, I heard "Die Wacht am Rhein' sung before the city's defenses. It was during the ides of January, '71, that the last hope ot saving the capital vanished. The government de la defense nationale had exhausted itself in vain attempts to raise the siege; until famine, together with the ominous muttermgs of the Commune, turned all further show of resistance into an absurd farce. The entry of the victor ious Germans was only a matter of days. Early morning oa January 15 found me walking along the German lines, which, like the coils of a giant serpent, were grad ually contracting about the doomed city. I wore a heavy fur coat, for it was b'tter cold; snow lay several inches deep, and a sharp wind blew from northwest. German soldiers, gathered in knots about brushwood fires, were discussing the chances of a speedy return to. the Fatherland, the probable results of the war and the bruited elevation of the Hohenzollern family to the imperial dignity. On the outskirts of a small coppice I saw one group whose uniforms betokened them to be officers of a superior rank; they were ranged in a circle about the object of their attention, and my approach, impelled partly by the instinct of duty, partly by the inexplicable cosmic law which attracts a smaller bod- to a larger, passed entirely unnoticed. A picturesque tableau present ed itself to mv view. In the middle of the group two men were playing chess. They were seated upon empty powder kegs; the squares were marked with charcoal upon the head of a drum; and the pieces had been ingeniously improvised from exploded cartridge shells hammered into various shapes. One of the players was a mojor, unknown to me; the other was the marshal of the German forces, Von Moltke himself. The hardy soldier, though but lightly clad, seemed un conscious of the cold, so absorbed was he in the game. I put up the big fur collar of my coat, folded my arms across my breast, and looked on. For no great time did the gam remain in doubt. Moltke's opponent writhed in his iron grasp like a worm under the heel ot a giant. Less than a dozen moves were made in rapid succession; then "check ! check ! mate I" finished the brief but brilliant contest. ., "Moltke,", asked the Major In rising, "have yon ever been beaten ?" The great General" worked his arms up and down like flails and stamped about fiercely in order to restore the circulation to his numb limbs. "Oftener than I have won," he replied. 'The Orient is a vast chess board where a Philidor sits on every square. Day after day I have played in the coffee-rooms of Smvrna or on the Nile terrace at Alex andria, and suflered defeat from weazened Pashas ,and gray-bearded muftis. The Syrian dervishes and Bedouins of the Arabian desert would be worthy opponents to Anderssen himself." "You speak of long ago," said the Maior, "and of players whose, skill, compared with yours at that time, looms colossal through the mist ol memory. But tell us whether, in late years whose gap our minds can bridge, you have met any players whom yon esteemed above yourself." Moltke drew his hand meditatively across his forehead, as if to conjure up.a picture from the past, through the storms of war and the lull of peace, that he might there, upon the trampled snow, beneath tne bleak wintry sky, unfold it to his comrades of the camp and field. "I have met," he said slowly, "a player beside whom I was as a child. It was 13 years ago, in yonder citv, which, by the grace ol God, we hope to 'have entered be fore another moon has lapsed, He PITTSBURG DISPATCH, was an American, a ' countryman of Paul Morphy. ' I have' forgotten his name, but it was Robert Hondin who acquainted us with each other Houdin, the prestidigi tatorand it was in hli apartments that we played." Jdy ears tingled; the laurels which tacit fraud had placed npon my brow seared me like living cools. Should I reveal my self? "It would be the greatest pleasure of mv life," Moltke went on, "to meet that man again that I might lav the tributes of my admiration at hit feet.' My resolve was taken. Stepping Into the circle I threw open my .ereat coat and held out my hand to Von Moltke. For a moment he looked at me at though dazed. "Heavens!" he cried, "'tit he, the Americaul" "I am Edward Smith, of -whom you have spoken." wai my re joinder. ' Moltke seized me by the hand. "Gentle men," he exclaimed, "I have the pleasure of introducing to you the greatest chess player in Paris during the tournament thirteen years ago." "Pardon," I interposed; '1 have no title to your praise." "Here is your title," came the reply, and he took from a small portefenille a folded paper. "I got it from Anderssen three years ago; it is the score of the game we played in itooert nouuin s atelier, xnat game was drawn, but it Should have been yours." "By no means," I exclaimed," determined to reveal the secret of my mechanical . ally. "The game belonged to you." "Since vou force me to do so,'" said Moltke, "I will make a somewhat humili ating cofession. Not one of the moves with which I replied to yours was my own. I should, beyond a doubt, have been defeated but for the aid of a mechanism which Houdin had concealed in the chess board, and which prompted ail of my moves." a good old-fashioned American oath sailed across my lips. "Confound that double dealing knave," I exclaimed; "we have both been duped. The renegade! How he must have laughed in his sleeve at our folly! Imbeciles we have been; noddle pates; lay figures in a harlequinade of fools!" And another variegated assortment of expletives bewildered the bystanders. "What do you mean?" interrogated Moltke, seizing my hand in astonishment "I mean," was my fierce retort, "that I, like you, tell into the snare which our dear friend of the Palais Royal had spread for both. I mean that he'had prepared this game before we came; had marked it upon two cylinders which were concealed in the board", one on each side; and that after we were seated, he simply turned a crank prompting each of us in turn." Moltke bu:3t into a ringing laugh, which was echoed by all present. "An ingenious plot, truiyl" he ex claimed. "I have discussed with him the possibility of constructing an automatic chess player. He contended that it was a bagatelle to any skilled mechanician. 'Monsieur Houdin,' I said to him, 'prove your claim to that distinction; sweep aside the bagatelle.' We laid a wager; and, a few weeks later, the day after my first game with you, he announced to me that the automaton was completed. Cunning rogue, he outwitted me cleverly." Another general laugh followed; then the Major, a thick-set, dark-browed man of about 45, took the word. He had been scanning the paper Moltke had produced the score of the memorable game. "I have seen these moves before," he said, with measured emphasis; "this is. either the fifteenth or sixteenth of Greco's' perfect games." "Friends," interrupted Moltke, "it is very cold here. 1 have at my barracks some fine old Lacrymae Christi which should be shed to commemorate this occasion. Will you come with me?" Passing his arm through mine he drew me along, the rest following. With a faint smile he placed his lips close to my ear. "Son," he whispered sadly, "that game was not drawn; was it? Were we not both checkmated?" THE END. VAST DRIVING IN RUSSIA. The Horses Fly at High Speed Through Densely Crowtlrd Streets. "I have been in all the great capitals of the world, from Paris to Pekin, and I have nowhere seen such horses and such driving as in St. Petersburg. Every other man owns a fast team, and all drive as thongh the devil was after them. A great many of the horses are of the Orion breed, big, tall, well-made blacks, all ot whom are high steppers. They have a touch of Arabian blood in them, and they are trained so that they step in time and go very fast," says a writer in Spare Moment. "I have been in Si. Petersburg over a week and I have not seen a horse walk yet, and one of the exciting incidents of life here is the narrow escapes which you seem to be constantly making whenever you go out to drive. The droschkies are among the most comfortable rigs I have ever ridden in. If you could put a Japanese jinriksha on four wheels, put a se,at in front of it, and harness ahorse instead of a man to it you would have something like a St. Petersburg droschkv. Or if you would cut down a Vic toria to naif size, make the wheels no big ger than those of a baby carriage, and put the bed of the rig about a foot from the ground vou would have the body of the best sort of droschkv. "If you wish the poorer class yon must take off the back and you have a fair sample of the 25,000 cabs which fly day and night along these Russian streets." The droschkv horses are quite as curious asthe vehicle's they pull, and their drivers are equally strange. The horses seem to be harnessed with thongs, and you could cnt the whole outfit out ot a pair of Russian top boots. DE BES HE KNOIVED. rwitrrriif tor thi disfatch.1 My lectio boy, my leetle boy! He'd bin a man by now! Hit ony seem lak tudUer day Dey stole dat chile ob mine away, Hit twenty yeah 1 'low! , I olltun Kits ter wunnorln' Wat kin' ob man wnd lie nab bin Eflio'd lined twel now. Hit was ondurln' ob de wan, Do sojers cum dis way An" camp right ober yonner whar Dat haivy bit ob tlmbah are An' all de time dey stay My Lem he hnniriii' roun' de camp, 1 can't do nuttln' wid de scamp, He boun' ter hab lie way. Do captln' tuk a mighty shine Ter Uat dere leetle boy. An' let him tai'lyhant he tent, An' fuller ebry war he went, An' heap ob time he'd 'ploy In brushiu' up de captln' suits An' poliahlh' he swohds an' boots Right handy leetle boy. De captln' barnsnm cav'ry boot lie tonght wuz orful fine; He cudden' bear 'em out ob sight. An' study 'bout 'em day an' night; 8ez lie, "I des' a-gwine Ter haD i pair w'en I'se a man, Ez hltfh ez cap's boots, ef I can, An' ebry bit ez line." One day de men dey rid away Ter stay untwel de nightr De cap he Bay, des' jokln'-Uk, "Tek ca' dem boots twel I cum back, Doan let dom out yo' sight." Eryu'H beliebe, datbery day A lot ob rebs dey cum dat way, A-rldin' 'long, towahds nigue. 1 All dey cud lay their ban's upun, De gray-coats tnk outright, An' one he wanter git do boots. An' ef he doan, he wy he shoots, But Lorn still hilt 'em tight; An' den he flah, dat sinful man. An' Lem fell, grnsuin' in he ban' De boots, wid all he might. Des' den de rebs put out, fer dey Heabd ownh men down de road. De cap he hilt Lem. twel de las', He tcahs a-streamln' down right fas'. An' at de end, Lem showed De boots, an' say wid he las' bref ' i "Cap, I bab kep'-de boots mysef I done de bes' I knowed." Ya. I liab wunnord many times Wat kin' ob man he'd bin ! Bat dls I knows, I ain't de same I wuz befo' dat trubbel came. Fer w'en I'ae gittln' la Ter sumpn wrong, I heah him say, "I dono de bes' I knowed," sum way Sat keep me out or sin. Anna Ymanni, CvuraTMSi ;pr. SUNDAY. SEPTEMBER THE, SINEWS OF WAR. Men Who Raise and Expend Big Money in National Campaigns. TILDEN THE FIRST ORGANIZER. Where Contributions Come From and Some Famons Fund-Beggars. THB GENIUS OF W. L. SCOTT IS MISSED COBBXSrOHPSKca 0 TUB DISPATCI1.1 New3Tobk, Sept. 10 HE use of money in National politics was the Bubject of a very interesting article in The Dispatch of July SI. Accompanying this article to-day are por traits of the men who have helped to handle these great sums of money. The nse of large sums In politics Is a growth of the last 20 years. Previous to that time political campaigning was largely a matter of hurrah and sentiment, and ex Governor Curtin, of Pennsylvania, has often told me that the entire cost of the national 'campaign which ended in the election of Lincoln fell far below that of many a State canvass of the present time. Tilden Responsible for the Present Srttem. Business men, alert, shrewd and fond' of system and order, began in the early '60's to take the management of politics into their hands, and a wonderful chanse in methods and measures was spee dily effected; but it is to Samuel J. Tilden, more than to Calvin B. Erice. any other man, that is due the credit of perfecting the method of campaigning now in vogue. Mr. Tilden had a gift for the management of men on a large scale that amounted to genius. He saw that great issues which arouse the enthusiasm of the masses, though most essential, are not in themselves sufficient to insure success in a campaign, bnt that much of the work to be effective must be done in secret and that it was ot the first importance that every voter should be brought into direct personal con tact with the campaign management. This required a comprehensive system, great volumes of correspondence and limit less use of printers' ink in a word, an organization which reached out and em braced every home and fireside in the land and the operation a of which involved the expenditure ot vast sums ot money. Time stamped Mr. Tilden's methods with the seal of success, and, they have been given the place of those formerly employed. What Qnay and Hill Bank On. In the expenses of the Republican Na tional Committee the circulation of care fully prepared campaign documents is con sidered most important. These documents not only inform the masses, hut furnish a mass of statements aud arguments upon which local orators draw freelv. Thev are in the main the speeches of leading Senators and Congressmen, but.very otten brief and trenchant cards and circulars, which pierce with a single shaft the armor of the enemy, are employed with telling effect This year the two national committees will probably spend fully 5300,000 in the preparation", publication and circuialjon of documents. This represents a mass of printed matter nearly large enough to fill a small freight train, and it is an open ques tion whether or not too much money is not CorneUut AT. BlUs. spent In this way. Still such shrewd poli ticians as Senator Quay and Senator Hill are of opinion that this plan of appeal has more influence on the wavering and doubt ful than any other. Men W ho Will Grt the Monry. The financial affairs of the Re publican' National Committee are this year in the hands of, Cornelius N. filiss, and his selection as treasurer has been generally voted a most admira ble one. Commercial New York he knows perfectly, and he possesses in full measure the esteem and confidence of her capitalists and money kings. Under his direction there will be no stress of finances in the Re publican Committee. The treasurer of the Democratic! National Committee is Robert B. Roosevelt, a member ot one of the old Knickerbocker families, a forceful leader of his party and a business man of high stand Mr. Bliss will be assisted In the work of raising funds by an advisory committee of five. The New England me mber of this committee, it is said, will be Senator Nel son W. Aldrich, of Rhode Island. Mr. Aldrich it a man of exceptional shrewdness and persuasive- powers, and is believed to be better fitted to raise money than anv other leader of his party in the New England States. His personal ac quaintance among the wealthy men of his own and adjacent States is very large. Benjamin P. Jones, of Pittsburg, w'ill prob ably represent the Middle States on the committee. He is a skillful politician, who knows the great industries of Pennsylvania thoroughly, and was Chairman of the Na tional Committee la 1881. Another Penn jjft-. t- ' 11 189a sylvania member of 'the committee may be Hamilton Disston, of Philadelphia. Jesse JI. Spaulding, of Chicago, will te one of the 'Western members of the committee. Plenty of Jloney on Both Side. Be is ex.Collector of the Port of Chicago, a man of wealth and Identified with many of the leading financial institutions of his citr. The other Western member of the committee will doubtless be Senator Phile tus Sawyer, of Wisconsin. Senator Saw yer, besides being a battle-scarred political veteran, is an ardent supporter of President Harrison. He is very rich, havinc been en gaged in the lumber business ior many years, and knows all ol the leading busi ness men and politicians of the Northwest. . Senator Sawyer gives liberally himself, and can always be depended upon to make others do the same. So it will be seen that the financial part of the Republican campaign is in good hands. Treasurer Roosevelt will have the assistance of a Campaign committee com posed of Senator Calvin S. Brice, Senator Arthur P. Gorman, Lieutenant Governor John Wanamakcr. William P. Sheehan, Senator M. W. Ran som, Benjamin T. Cable, of Illinois; Brad ley B. Smalley, of Vermont: E. a Wall, of Wisconsin, and Josiah Quincy, of Massa chusetts, and of such men as William C. Whitney and E. Cornelins Benedict. Mr. Whitney, who is the personal representa tive of Mr. Cleveland in the present cam paign, is a many times millionaire and in close touch with the members ot his party. Mr. Benediot is a rich Wall street broker and a warm personal friend of the ex-President It is said that between them they have already raised a round quarter of a million for use during the campaign. Heavy Contributors to the Campaign. Prom whom in the main do the funds thus collected come? The answer is, from large corporations, who, conservative and cautions, favor the retention of the party in power, and from wealthy individuals who take a patriotic pride in the success of their cause. To name the men who are the chief contributors to the Republican and Demo cratic funds wonld be a verv difficult if not an impossible task. The Republican list would include Postmaster General Wana maker, Andrew Carnegie, George M. Pull man, Phil Armour, Stephen B. Elk ins and others too numerous to mention. The Democrats, on the other band, al ways connt with safety upen liberal con tributions from Arthur Sewall, Prank Jones, John R. McPherson, Oliver H. .Payne, John u. .Mitchell, ex-Mayor Will iam R. Grace, Governor R. P. Flower, Henry Yillard and other millionaire mem bers of their party. Frank Jones, who is one of the richest men in New England, al ways gives freely himself, and, what is "William R. Graee. more important, is very successful in in ducing others to do the same. The same is true of John L. Mitchell, who h the wealthiest man in Wisconsin, and ex-Mayor Grace, who, in a campaign in which he is fully aroused, is capable of splendid work in a financial way. When Grace takes his coat oil in a fteht there is sure to be all the money that is needed for the battle. Huvr Gnvrnor Flower Goes at It. Governor Flower, in collecting campaign funds, follows a method that is all his own. He makes out a list of those upon whom he intends to call, with the amount which he thinks each man should give set opposite his name, heads the list with his own sub scription for a generous amount, and then goes the rounds. As those upon whom Governor Flower calls are rich men like himself his tours are generally productive of speaking results. Henry Viilard's ef fort among Democrats of German extraction are usually very effective, and as he is a warm personal friend of Mr. Cleveland he is counted upon to do good work in the pres ent campaign. The Democratic managers will greatly miss this year the presence and aid of the late William L. Scott, of Erie, Pa. Ap peals to him for financial aid in n campaign were seldom made in vain, and as collector of funds he had a good-natured, stand-and-deliver way that wag most effective. I have it from a source that is entirely relia ble that in 1888 Mr. Scott contributed 250. 000 toward the re-election of ex-President Cleveland. In that campaign he held much the same position that Mr. Whitney does in the present, but so rapidly are the changes worsed oy time that already ue is nan-tor-gotten. Other financial pillars of their parties in the past were Governor Morgan, ot New York; Marshall Jewell, of Connecticut; Zachariah Chandler, of Michigan; August Belmont, of New York, and Samuel J. "Til den. Marshall Jen ell raised 5170,000 In a single day in Boston. The late ex-President Arthur as a charming beggar, and Senator Quay, in the campaign of 1888, showed equal skill in the collection and disburse ment ol campaign funds, aud the ability in these things of nis colleague, Senator Cam eron, has Jong been well known. The Third party movements are conducted on an economical basis, as they are largely given over to hurrah and sentimentand have few wealthy adherents. Rtjfus R. WllOtf. Too SIneh lee Cream. OL H. Roher, agent of the Missouri Pa cific Railway, New Haven, Mo., says: "I suflered a great deal one hot evening last week (Julv 21).' I had eaten Ice cream for supper, and there teemed to be an internal conflict going on. A traveling man said he had something in his crip at the hotel that he believed would relieve me, and produc ing a small bottle of medicine gave me a dose. I felt better, and in a few moments took another dose which entirely relieved me. ,1 believe that such a medicine is worthy, of recommendation and that it should be kept in the house auring the summer. The bottle was labeled Chamber lain's Collo, Cholera and DIarrhcea Rem edy," For sal by druggists, M"""jfrvjfr TilE BEAUTY OF JAPAN fiow She Danced and Sang Herself Into Sir Edwin Arnold s Heart. THI DELIGHT OP ALL TOURISTS. A Hundred Delight the Guests at Sinners of the Swell Maple Club. SOLUTION 0? THB SOCIAL PROBLEM coBitzsroiroixcB or raat dispatch. Tokio, Japan, Aug. 11 NEof the most in teresting and ro mantic things In all Japan," said Sir Ed win Arnold, "is the Yoshlwara with its thousands of Maiko and Geisha girls. They are a delicate subject to handle, these beautiful but' frail dancinir cirls. "but all the world loves a beautiful woman, and I've had to put them in my drama. " So I, too, must write about the beantiful Geisha. We met her in the tea houses at Nagasaki, Kobe and Yokohoma, and in Tokio 100 danced for us alter our dinner at the Maple Club, the swell club of the Japanese capital When I visited the vwvr. 1iF SNAP-SHOT AT A PATH OP GEISHA GIRLS. Mablle in the time of Napoleon IIL I did not write a word about it, at the Orphenm in Berlin I was dumb, and at the highjinks in the Esler at St. Petersburg I was silent, bnt the romance and love and grace of the Japanese Geisha girls must be described. A Lientennnt fVnxea Poetic. Lieutenant F. M. Bostwick, after seeing the Japanese girls dance in Kobe, wrote this for me about Kohana San, the sweetest of the Geishas. It can be sung to the air of the Irish "Balyhooly." The Nautch girls I have seen, And Kiralfys fairy queen; I've seen the Hnla girls in Honolulu, Circassian dancers, too. Zamacuocas in Peru, 1'ho Kaffir dance, the Hottentot and Zulu. All qualities and shade Of pretty dancing maids, I've seen in Europe, Africa and Asia; Bnt she who takes the bnn From each and every one. Is Kohana ban, the little Kobe Geisha. cnoRUS. The "Hera, hera he," She dances every day In an elegant kimono and an obi; If you go out to Japan, You must see Kohana San, She's the prettiest little Geisha girl in Kobe. Three hundred thousand fair girls in Japan are divided into three classes the Maiko, Geisha and the demi monde. The Maiko girls are very young never over 16. They are the understudy of the Geisha, and and'at the age of 15 or 16 they become Geishas. Know How to Povriler and Paint. They dress superbly in embroidered kimonos, powder their pretty faces and paint their lips cherry red. Their hair is oiled, perfnmed and put up in Chinese in describable fashion and pinned full of fewels and flowers. They do the dancing and posing and do it in their stockings, their sandals being left with the guests outside. They dance and pose with their hands, eyes, body and legs. The Geishas are older girls. Their busi ness is to entertain guests, flirt and play on musical instruments like the samisen ("Japanese mandolin), the gekkin (banjo) and the kolo (harp). They appear at all big dinners and parties. They dress in picturesque costumes and pour tea and saki (Japanese wine) and flirt and talk and sing divinely. The conduct of the Geisha and Maiko girls in tea houses, private houses and clubs is always very proper. In public they sim plv look pretty and smile and say sweet nothings. To the guests, as they help them to food and drink, they say: A Dinner IVIth the Dancing Girls. "Your honorable arrival is most welcome. Please take your honorable seat Now will you have some honorable live fish?" And then, described poetically: The Samisens bezln. And then a horrid din Of drums and songs that's really most alarming; Whilo Kohana San cames out And solely glides about. Her movements have a grace that's simply charming; She twirls her little fan As Geishas only can. Which means, of course, she does It to per fection; She then assumes a pose To sho7 her pretty clothes. Llltenlse her dainty figure and complexion. In tho duvs of old Japan And the Tokugana clan. Her relatives had titles by the dozens; Her uncles, I m told, Were Samurai bold, ..ind the "Forty-seven Bonlus" were her - cousins. Her father, don't you know, Used to be a Dalmio Some time before the advent of the for eigner, But ho fought the "Mik-ka-doo," So tl:ey run him through and through, Which made of him a subject for the coroner. She's powdered front and back, Her eyebrows painted black, A st le considered highly ornamental; Hor tiny under lip Is redlened at the tip, A fashion that is strictly Oriental. Her hair is stiffly oiled. And wonderfully coiled In a manner that would drive a barber crazy, Her form divinely shaped. Is magnificently draped O, my! Kohana San's a dalsyl A Itvmnrkablo Institution or Japan. What becomes of the Geisha girls? Some marry well and make good wives. Others go to the great publie Yoshiwara and be come disciples of Aphrodite. Every Japan ese city has its Yoshiwara, but perhaps Tokio, the capital, with its million people, gives up the most space to it Here the Yoshiwara occupies about a mile square, set off bv itself. . "Do the tourists go there?" I can imagine the reader saying. Yes. vou can rest assured thev do. Books on Japan have mads to many vague Ua-.J slons to the Toshiwars that the curiosity of the traveler has to be appeased. So, as soon as the Canadian Pacino's steamships, the Empress of India, China or Japan, ar rives in Yokohama, you will see the pas- Japan-te MaiXo Girlt. sengers, clergymen, missionaries and world ly fashionables speeding in jinrikshas be hind a bare-legged coolie for this place of doubt, joy and despair. The Yoshiwara, I say, is walled in by itself and it perfectly policed. Every per son seen there, except the American and English tourist, is supposed to be bent on fun and frolic. The houses are built like great bird cages, close to the street The fronts have only a few slats separating the girls from the people on the street In each house will be 25 or 30 luxuriously-dressed girls. The Only Requirement of the Law. They all sit on mats in a row so close to the street that if there were no fiats the seething mass of pedestrians could touch them. Thev wear beautiful brocaded kimonos (robes) and brilliant obis (sashes) tied in big bows in front The good Chris tian girls outside wear their obis tied be hind, but Japanese law compels the disciple of Aphrodite to tie it in front. This one law keeps them from ever appearing in public. The street is packed with street musicians, fakirs and a curious crowd of Japanese and foreigners. The Yoshiwara is the place where a State ball or a diplomatic dinner generally ends. Here perhaps yon will sometimes see the same Geisha girl, who behaved like a lady at the Maple Club, acting with wild aban don that would astonish Dr. Parkhurst. Many of the inmates of the Yoshiwara are sold to the keepers for a certain time by parents. A child implicitly obeys a parent in Japan, and there are cases where a poor father has sold his daughter to raise money to bury the mother. After serving her time she returns to her father and perhaps makes a happy marriage. Eli Pkekxns. A THOTJBAKD DOLLAR HAMMEH. Tool With 'Which Mrs. Palmer Will Finish the Woman's Bnlldlnc at Chicago. Before the Woman's building at the World's Fair is dedicated next month there will be a pretty ceremony,' during which Mrs. Potter Palmer, President of the Woman's Board, will drive the "last nail," to mark the completion of the strncture. The nail will be made of gold, silver and copper, set with gems, and will be the gift of the women of Montana. That "last nail" will be driven by a hammer in the natural course of events, and tHe women of Ne braska secured the privilege of furnishing 4Tia fiemma fF unnvta tliair r1fatmlnar1 it must be rich and beautiful, "and the de sign, by Mrs. Mary F. Ragan, of Sidney, Neb., promises a hammer of which the women of America mav be proud. It rep resents a typical clawhammer, with a flag draped over the head. Both Sides of Vie Hammer. The handle is to be made of pieces of his toric Nebraska woods a bit of the flagstaff erected at Fort Phil Kearny in 1848: astrip from a tree on the first homestead in the United States, a contribution from the estate of ex-Governor Sterling Morton, the origina tor of Arbor Day, and a splinter from State University hall, the first college building in the State. The head of the hammer will be made ot silver, and on its face will be the State's coat of arms engraved in gold. The folds of the flag will be of; gold and the colors will be brought out with enameling. The 44 stars will be represented by diamonds. The stall will be of silver, surmounted by an eagle in gold. The polished handle will be encircled by a band of gold, which will be inscribed with the words, "The Women of Nebraska," and the date of the event. This beautiful instrument will cost from $500 to $1,000, and an Omaha Jeweler is now at work upon it. ' Sew Kind of Shoe. Quite a new shoe has lately been made the snbjeot of an English patent. The front and baok parts of it are connected by plates, and an insole attachment to the front piece curves over the joint. Two tongues of leather fold upward from the sole, covering the foot, and are secured in their places by a lace. The Inventor claims that this form of shoe is both healthier and more comfortable than the ordinary boot. Elretrlcity In a Plant. An electric plant has been discovered In India, which will influence a magnetic needle 20 feet distant. During the daytime the intensity of the magnetic energy is most powerful; at night it is reduced to zero, and during a storm it is increased ten fold. The plant is instantaneously fatal to any bird or Insect which may nappea t light upon ib I ,A WV,a ' k iTsTf MilffsT I liTsfBW 1
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers