THE mrSBURG- DISPATCH, -SUNDAY, MAT 8. 1892, V WHERE WILL YOU GO? . Here Are tlie Leading Conyeii- tions and Gatherings for the Season. POINTERS IX POLITICS. Where the Religions Questions of the Day Will Be Discussed. ETEXTS FOR THE SCIENTISTS. Heasant riaces for the Ambitions Students of Both Sexes. T7IIAT WILL EE GOIXG OX ABROAD "AVhile a considerable percentage of the millions who propose to break the monot ony of life this summer by "a little journey In the world" will seek recreation and en joyment without the excuse of any definite mission or errand, the majority will take advantage of reduced railway rates and of the society of friends and associates to par ticipate in some great gathering whose ob jects enlist their sympathy, writes Albert Shaw, in the Review of Renews. Such will tare a variety of conventions to choose from. No summer ever saw more such gath erings nor so important A brief outline of she season in conventions follows: IN TUn TOLITlCAIi TTOKLD. Itepublican, Minneapolis Jnne 7. Democratic, Chicaso, Jmio 21. People's, Omaha. July 4. riohibition, Cincinnati, Jnne 29. Republican League, probably Buffalo, lato In June National Republican Convention Little need be said of this great gather ing at Minneapolis, Juno 7. The occa sion takes on, quite apart from its political aspects, all the features of a mammoth social event Minneapolis is probably the most enthusiastic community in America, and its hospitality is boundless. Its perfectly organized committees are not only arrang ing to take care of the great body of dele gates and alternate delegates who will be present officially, but also announre that they can and will give personal attention to the housing and accommodation of as many thousands of non-official visitors as may choose to take advantage of the low rates and the favorable time of the year to visit the Twin Cities of the Northwest To this end hundreds of palatial residences will be thrown open to guests. The enthusiasm seems, moreover, to be altogether non-partisan, and to be born of a municipal priue and spirit whose dimensions .are simply colossal. The Exposition build ing, a large brick and stone structure, some 3S0 feet square, has. by re-arrangement of its interior, been converted into the largest and finest assembly hall in America. It will it-eat to perfect advantage, without any crowding, an audience of 12,000 people. It can readily accommodate more than twice as aaany as the great Auditorium Hall in Chicago. NATIONALDEMOCRATICCONVENTION Everybody is familiar with the details of this great gathering, Chicago, June 2L Po litically, the Democratic Convention this jea." -promises to be the most interesting 'Snd important gathering of that party since the outbreak ot the war. Viewed as a great gathering ot representative Americans from every nook and corner of the Repub lic, it is less significant by far than the Minneapolis convention, because its sole in terest will lie in the political business which irinrs it together, and it will have none of the marks or a social occasion. Chicago will make no special preparation, but the convention will probably assemble in a large temporary wooden structure, a so-called "wigwam," which will seat about the same number of people as will the Ex position Building at Minneapolis. Memor able scenes will be witnessed bv those who are fortunate enough to gain admittance to theseion of this great convention, which w;H be composed of about 810 delegates and a like number of alternate delegates. The two-thiids rule that alwavs prevails in Democratic National Conventions will add both to the difficulty and to the excitement of the choice of the 'Presidental nominee. Pcorix's Party Convention. The uncertain quantity in the political situation this rear will be the new People's party, representing the Farmers' Alliance move Beat and various allied industrial and labor reform elements. This party is the successor of the old Greenback party and of various third-jiarty political movements which, under different names, have enlisted the support of the Fame group of leaders. Among the men who will be conspicuous in the People's party movement this year are President L. L. Polk, of the Farmers" Al liance, Mr. Ignatius Donnelly, of Minne sota, and Mr. James 1$. Weaver, of Iowa. The National Convention will be held in the city ol Omaha, Neb., on July 4. Each ConzreVional district in the United States is entitled to send four delegates, and each State to send eight delegates at large, making a total delesate body of 1,776. The neit annual session of the Supreme Council ofthc Farmers' Alliance and Industrial Union will not be held until after the elec tion in November. National Prohibition Convention The national Prohibition party will not enter the field with the prospect ot any very sweeping successes this year, but it pro poses nevertheless to hold a large, deter mined and enthusiastic convention. It will assemble in the Music Hall at Cincinnati at 10 A. JL on June 29, for a two or three days' tession. The call provides for 1,149 dele gates and an equal number of alternates, and an attendance is expected ot not less than K.O00 people. While the Women's Chri tiau Temperance Union as an organi zation will not be repiesented in this cou Tention, women arc eligible to places in the various delegations, and undoubtedly a number of the leading members of the W. C T. V. will be sent as delegates. The Prohibition Convention will be made up in the follow ing w ay: Each State will be en titled to lour delegates at large, and each Congressional district and Territory to two delegates, while lor cverv 1,000 votes cast lor Clinton B. Fiske in 18S8 each State will he entitled to one additional delcsate. Lxaci-i: if Keithhcan Clubs One of the most noteworthy movements in political organization has been the forma tion throughout the country of Republican Clubs. These borties are composed lor the most part of younz men, and their plan of camjvsign is principally an educational one. The President ot the" National League of Bepubiican Clubs is Mr. J. S. Claikson. The Lengue will not hold its convention this year until after the Presidental ticket has been nominated at Minneapolis. It is expected that the convention will be held oaring the last week ot June, and that Buflalo will be announced as the place of Meeting. As local centers lor a propaganda of doctrine and opinion the clubs will have 3laycd a great part in the campaign of 1892. EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC, ETC. National E Jueators. Saratoga, July 12. Southern Educators, Atlanta. July 6. 7 anil 8. Insrituteof Instruction, NarrasansettPier. July 8, C, 7 and 8. American Association, Hocuester, August 38. University Extension, Chautauqua, July 15 3. American Economic, Chautauqua, August 23-2G. American. Library Association, Lakewood, May 16-19. Business Educators, Saratoza, July 7-li. Art Congress, Washington, May 15. Charities and Corrections, Denver, June 23-29. Social Science, Saratoga, August 29 to September 3. National Educators Twenty years ago the National Educational Association was a small and obscure body; but it has grown to be the largest association in the whole world of men and women engaged in educational work. Last year it met at To ronto. This year it will meet at Saratoga, N. Y., and an attendance closely approxi mating 20,000 is expected. The "great honor f the Presidency for this year was conferred at Toronto upon Superintendent E. II. Cook, Ph.D., at present Superintend ent of the Public Schools of Flushing, N. V. A new convention hall is building at Saratoga which will seat some 5,000 people. The meeting will open July 12 and continue for several days. Upon "the programmes are the names of very many of the most dis tinguished educationalists "of America, and the topics to be discussed are broad, timely and practical. Southern' Educators The Southern Educational Association is a body com posed of workers in the various depart ments of education in the Southern half of the Union. Its President this year is Prof. Solomon Palmer, of Eastlake, Ala., Pro Eugene J. Harrell, of Raleigh, N. C.,being Secretary and Treasurer. It is to hold a great convention at Atlanta, Ga., on the 6th, 7th and 8th days of July. A most stimulating programme ha.' been prepared. Institute or Instruction The Amer ican Institute of Instruction is the oldest organization of teachers in this country.and probably the oldest in the world. This will be its sixty-third annual convention. It is made up chiefly of New England teachers and their friends, but its sessions are attended by many people from other parts ot the country. Its forthcoming as semblage will be at Narragansett Pier, R. L, on the 5th, 6th, 7th and Sth days of July. A profitable educational programme has been prepared, and distinguished teach ers will be in attendance. The President is Prof. Kay Greene Huling, of New Bedford, Mass. American Association The most im portant and inclusive scientific organization in this country is the American Association for the Advancement of Science, which per forms the same function here that the Brit ish Association fills in England. The for tieth annual meeting of the American As sociation was held in Washington last year. The forty-first meeting will assemble at Rochester, N. Y., beginning August 16. The retiring President is Pro A. B. Pres cott, of Ann Arbor, Mich., and the President-elect is Prof. Joseph Le Conte, of the University of California. The American Association is divided into the following sections: Mathematics, astronomy, physics, chemistry, mechanical science and engineer ing, geology and geography, biology, an thropology, and economic science and sta tistics. Prof. F. W. Putnam, of Cam bridge, Mass., is Permanent Secretary. The Association has a membership ot over 2,000. University Extension Lake Chau tauqua, in Western New York, will be the Mecca of many hundreds of students this summer; for besides the regular Chautau qua summer schools and assemblies, there ire to be several tpecial educational confer ences. The University Extension move ment within the past year has had a most extraordinary expansion in all parts of the United States, and it is important for its further development and highest usefulness that all the workers engaged in the move ment should have the benefit of the experi ence of those who have been longest con nected with it and are most familiar with its aim aud its mechanism. It is expected that model lecture courses, training schools for university extension lecturers, and free discussions of various aspects of the work will be features of this conlercnce, which will be held during the week ot July 18-23. Such leaders as Prot Melvil Dewey, Prof. Herbert B. Adams, Prof. E. J. James, Prof. E. AV. Bemis, and other authorities in this line of educational effort, are ex pected to be in attendance. American Economic Association Chautauqua has also been selected as a meeting place this year by the-American Economic Association, which will hold its sessions from August 23 to August 26. This organization includes most of thejeaders of economic thought and study in America, and it is the model upon which like associa tions have been lormed in England, Austra lia, Japan and elsewhere. Among the many distinguished economists who may be ex pected to attend this gathering are General Francis A. Walker, who has trom its first organization held the office of President; Prot R. T. Ely, who has from the first been Secretarv and chief executive officer; Hon. Carmll . Wright, Prot. Henrv a Adams, Dr. Washineton Gladden and Prof. W. W. Folwell. The sessions of the association will be open to the general public. American Library Association No men are nearer the heart of the present great educational movement in America than the librarians; and the American Li brary Association, though not a very numerous host, is made up of men who exert an immeuse influence in the work of public instruction. This year the associa tion will meet at Lakewood, N. J., May 16 to 19, whence it will adjourn to Baltimore to spend Friday, the 20th, and to Washing ton for Saturday, the 21st. The association is intending fo give particular considera tion to the question ot the library exhibit at the World's Fair. A post-conference excursion through Virginia will occupy the remaining days of the month. Business Educators The extent and importance ot the class of institutions known as business or commercial colleges in this country is not generally appreciated. Last year the Business Educatois Associa tion held a convention at Chautauqua; this year its tourteenth annual convention will meet at Saratoga, from July 7 to 14. The business educators have formed an advan tageous connection with the National Edu cational Association. Several hundreds of proprietor, principals and instructors in business colleges are expected at this con vention. Art Congress At Washington, on the 15th ot May, there is to be held an Art Con gress underthe auspices of the National Art Association. The principal or more immedi ate object of this association is the removal of the duty on foreign works ot art Another ob ject is the advocacy ot a Government Com mission of Art and Architecture. One of the attractions of the congress this month will be a loan exhibition ot paintings bv leading American artists, in the chapel of the Smithsonian Institution. The social feature ot the occasion will be a reception at the Executive Mansion by Mrs. Harrison. The Secretary and moving spirit ot the Na tional Art Association is Miss Kate Field. Under Miss Fie'd's championship the cause of free art triumphed in the McKinley bill, as it passed the House of Representatives, but the Senate in its inscrutable wisdom saw lit to vote a duty of 30 per cent on art works. A compromise of 15 per cent was finally agreed upon in the conlercnce com mittee ot the two Houses; but Miss Field and the National Art Association will never rest until the 15 per cent i wiped out What the American Copyright League has done for international litera ture, Miss Field's Association is destined to do for the promotion of art, and Miss Field will deserve the cross of the Lecion ot Honor quite as much as did the inde fatigable promoters ot the copyright bill. Mrs. Harrison is honorary President of the Association, and the nation's Vice President and Mrs. Morton are honorary Vice Presi dents. The working President is Mr. Dan iel Huntington, of the National Academy J oi uesign. Charities and Corrections. The annual conferences of the men and women specially concerned in the practical work of charity, or with the administration of penal or reformatory systems, have come to exer cise an almost commanding influence upon public opinion and upon State legislation. This year the National Conference of Chari ties and Correction will be held at Denver, Col., June 23 to 29, and will be composed of delegates appointed by the Governors ot States aud Territories; of the members of State Boards ot Charities; of the managers of prisons and reformatory institutions; of wotkers in institutions for the care ot the defective and dependent classes, and of philanthropists, social scientists and private workers in the great field of charitable and reformatory effort The Rev., Myron AV. Reed, of Denver, is President this year. The programme includes papers by numerous distinguished specialists. Social Science Congress. With many newer organizations which occupy themselves with one phase or another of the range of subjects which belong to the yearly programmes of theSocial Science Association, this mature and well known body has still an important place to fill, and its yearly sessions at Saratoga, N. Y., are always stimulating and valuable. Eminent among the men who have for many years contrit nted to its success are: Dr. Andrew D. White, Prof. Francis Wayland, Mr. F. B. Sanborn, and others of like standing. The congress will sit this year from August 29 to September 3, and a carefully elaborated programme is assured. The President this year is Mr. H. L. AVayland, of Philadel phia. IN THE RELIGIOUS WOULD. Methodist Conference, Omaha, now In ses sion. Christian Endeavor. New Tork. July 7-10. The T. si. CH Conference, Providence, liny 20 to June 1. Bapti-t Annual Folkmoot, Philadelphia, liny 19 SO. Presbyterian General Assembly, Portland, Episcopal Geneial Convention, Baltimore, October 5. American Board, Cnlcago, In October. Quadrennial Methodist Confer ence This is now in session at Omaha, having begun May 1. It will continne for a month. While this representative body is not very numerous, consisting of 250 minis ters and lou lay delegates, it stands lor a membership of nearly 2,500,000 communi cants, and it is the authoritative law-making body of the Methodist Church. All other bodies, great or small, are merely execu tive. The question of admitting women as delegates to the General Conference is not unlikely to come up again, as four years ago. A slight majority at that time was in favor of admitting women, but a two-thirds vote was requisite to accomplish the change. Several other subjects ol blazing interest in side denominational lines will occupy the attention of the conference. Christian Endeavor Convention In point of numbers, the greatest conven tion or assembly of the season will be the annual convention of delegates representing the "United Societies of Christian En deavor." The Christian Endeavor societies are young people's organizations connected with evangelical Protestant churches of various denominations. They have a simple platform which puts far more stress upon personal Christian living, and united ac tivity for the moral and religious welfare of their companions and the young people about them, than upon any merely theo logical propositions. The lounder of the Christian Endeavor movement is the Rev. Francis E. Clark, D. D.t who is now, and has been from the beginning, the President ot the united societies. The membership is said to be rapidly approaching 1,500,000. xne strengtn or tne movement lies in the fact that it adapts itself easily and perfectly to the local work aud conditions of indi vidual churches, and that it possesses no ambition to become a religious order apart from existing church organizations. Its great convention this summer will be held from July 7 to July 10, in the wonderful assembly hall of the new Madison Square Garden, New York. It is expected that 25,000 delegates from outside New York City will attend. A num ber of hotels have been engaged in ad vance by the delegates, many thousands of whom are coming irom the trans-Mississippi States. The convention will be an inspir ing sight The blase New Yorker may get some new ideas it he will take the trouble to look upon these assembled thousands, representing the fresh-faced and honest hearted young manhood and womanhood of America. The "Christian Endeavorers" have quite outlived all adverse criticism whether from within or from without the churches by their modest, steadfast, sensi ble adherence to working rules of Christian faith and practice. An organization work ing upon practically the same line as the Christian Endeavor, but confined within the Methodist denomination, is known as the Epworth League. It has a membership of several hundred thousands. It will hold no popular gathering this year, but in 1893 it proposes to hold a great national and in ternational convention at Cleveland, O. Y. M. C. A. Conference An import ant undenominational gathering of religious workers will be the National and Inter national Conference of General Secretaries ot the Young Men's Christian Association, which convenes on May 26, and continues until the first day of June. The meeting will be held at Providence, R. L, in the homelike and'Deautiful Y. M.C. A. structure erected in 1890. General Secretaries re presenting at least 500 cities and towns are expected to be present Baptist Anniversaries The great annual folkmoot of the Baptists of the United States ill be held this year at Philadelphia, from May 19 to May 30. The Baptists are sub-divided into several but the leadins one, to which reports a member ship ot nearly 3,300,1)00 souls. The so called "Baptist Congress" will convene on Thursday, May 19, and sit lor two dsys. This will be followed by conventions of all the great societies ot the Baptist Churcn the Woman's Baptist Home Missionary So ciety meeting on May 22 and 23; the Ameri can Baotist Histoilcal Society on the 23d; the Missionary Union on the 24th, 25th and 26th; the AVornan's Baptist Foreign Mis sionary Society on the 26th; the Home Mis sionary Society on the 27th and 28th; the Baptist Educational Society on the 28th, and the Baptist Publication Society on the 30th. The Baptist Young People's Union of America will hold several conferences during the last week. The Baptists reap great advantages from the arrangement by which their various societies and enter prises hold annual meetings together. Presbyterian General Assembly The General Assembly ot the Presbyterian Church convenes at Portland, Ore., on the 19th day of May, nnd will probably con clude its sessions on May 31. Its two prin cipal topics will be, in common parlance, "Revision" and the "Briggs Matter." The question of the revision of the AVestminster Confession will come up through the report of the Committee on Revision appointed by last year's Assembly, which met at Detroit. Final action will hardly be taken, as the Presbvteries will have to be "overtured" again on the subject The heresy charges against jltoi. uriggs, ot the Theological Seminary, will recur on appeal of a committee from the New York Presby tery against the action of that body in dis missing the subject. This New York com mittee becomes a General Assembly Com mittee of 'Prosecution. It is expected that home missionary work will command the particular attention of the Assembly, from the lact of its AVestern place of meeting; but from present appearances the theologi cal questions involved in Prof. Briggs' views upon the authorship and inspiration ot the Bible will dwarf all other subjects. EnscoPAL General The great gath- ui x.jjiauuudiiuu uuuug iue present nominations very strange that the Congrega tionalists, who are notably generous in their gifts for missionary propoganda, and who, moreover, have stood historically for the principle of self-government and representa tion, should be content to conduct their missionary undertakings through an or ganization which, while of the most dis tinguished and most thoronghly effective character, is not directly accountable to the Congregational Churches, although its mem bership is almost wholly made np of Con grcgationalists. The next annual meeting of the American Board will be held in Oc tober at Chicago. It is likely to give much attention this year, as in previous years, to tne controversy over tne manner oi determin ing the precise doctrinal views of young men and young women who offer themselves as missionaries. In the Congregational press of the country, this interminable con troversy occupies far more space and atten tion than all the work of all the board's mis sionaries in heathen lands. Lutheran Gatherings The Luther an Churches of America are organized in four general bodies, namely, the General Synod, the General Council, the Synodical Conference, and the United Synod of the South. The General Synod holds no con vention this year, but will meet in Canton, O., May 24, 1893; and the General Council of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Ind., in October, 1893. The United Synod of the South will hold its next convention this summer at Staunton, Va, One of the most important of forthcoming Lutheran gatherings will be that of the Evangelical Ministerium of Pennsvlvania and adjacent States, at Reading, on June 9, 1892. This is the mother synod of the Lutheran Church in America, having been organized in 184S. Hebrew Occasions So far as we have learned, there will be no popular assembly coming summer. The American Hebrew Publication Society Will meet at Philadel phia on the first Sunday in June, and the meeting of the Central Rabbinical Confer ence iso be held in New York City in July; but these gatherings have little bearing upon general questions. " Salvation Army May 17 there will be a great inter-State Salvation Army demon stration at Carnegie Music Hall, New York City, and on the following day dovotional meetings in the Association Hall an Twenty third street In Boston, on May 27, there will be a demonstration in Tremont Temple in the aid of the memorial building fund. On the 16th of July a Salvation Arm v camp meeting will open at Old Orchard. On July 23 the Commander will speak at Chautauqua upon the social side ot the Army s wort: in the United States, and on tire 28th addresses will be made at Prohibition Park, Staten Island, on the effects of Salvation Army work upon the liquor traffic. ' convention, which will occur in October. Last year they met at Toledo. Mr. T. V. Powderly is still President of the organiza tion. Important dates already fixed are: International Typographical Union, Phil adelphia, early In June. International Machinists' Association, Chicago, June 6. Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers, Plttsburjr, June 6. Boot and Shoe Workers' International Union, Philadelphia, June 0. United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners and Biotherhood of Painters and Decorators, St Loul, August 10. American Federation of Labor, Philadel phia, December 12. STAGE DRIVER RUSK. How He Caught a Horsethief and Got Himself Elected Sheriffi HIS OPINION OP FLORIDA LAND. MISCELLANEOUS GATHERINGS. Triennial Conclave, organizations. this notice refers, now year is the Ueneral Convention, which meets at Baltimore on the first Wednesday in October. This is the triennial conven tion ot the whole Protestant Episcopal Church ot the United States, and it prom ises to have special interest this year. The American Board The Congrega tionalists have, within "recent years, adopted the plan of a National Triennial Council; but this year they have no denominational gathering. Even the missionary societies which thoy support hold separate conven tions and have none of the popular denomi national character that belongs to the splendid May meetings ot the Baptists. Unlike the other evangelical denominations of the country, the Congregationalists have no foreign missiouary society of their own, but preler to give their ofierings for mis sionary work into the hands of the "Ameri can Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions," a distiuct, undenominational corporation, self-elective, which has always played a very distinguished part in loreign missionary work, but which at pres ent attracts secular attention chiefly through the acrimony of its theo logical dissensions. It seems to other de- Knights Templar Denver, August a. Grand Army .Encampment, Washington, September 20. boils of Veterans, Helena, August 8. Odd Follows Convention, Portland, Sep tember 19. Lawyeis' Convention, Saratoja, August 34-26. American Medical Association, Detroit, Juno 7-10. Discovery Day, everywhere, October 12. The Knights Templar Quite paral lel with the preparations Minneapolis is making for the entertainment of the Na tional Republican Convention, and even more elaborate, if possible, are the hospita ble plans ot the city of Denver, Col., for the reception of the twenty-filth triennial con clave of the Knights Templar. The local committee of the Knights had early in April assigned definite quarters to more than 50,000 applicants for hotel accommo dation, and it is confidently expected that 100.000 visitors from all parts of America will bo in Denver on the 9th, of August, when the conclave will open with a grand parade. At no preceding triennial gather ings of the Knights have there beeu any arrangements ot a more munificent and splendid character than Denver is now per fecting; aud the whole State of Colorado is making ready to give a royal welcome to guests of both coasts and every corner of the land. From 500 to 1,000 Pullman cars will stand at convenient points upon side tracks during the conclave, in expansion of the hotel capacity of the city. The Grand Absiy This great assem blage will meet in Washington, at the cap ital of the country and in sight of Arling ton, where so many thousands of their com rades of 30 years ago lie buried. The at tendance will reach scores of thousands. The Commander in Chief this year is Gen eral John Palmer, of Albany, N. Y., and the date fixed lor the encampment is Sep tember 20. At last accounts the Grand Army had a total membership of 398,067. The annu.il meeting of the Women's Relief Corps, and some other kindred organiza tions, will be held at the same time aud place. Sons op Veterans This vear the annual gathering of the Sons of Veterans will be held on August 8, at Helena, Mon. It will be a delegate body, and the number of representatives entitled to vote will be only a few hundreds: but it has been cus tomary for a large number of visitors to at tend the annual reunions. Mr. Russell B. Harrison, the son of President Harrison, is chairman of a transportation committee. Medical Gatherings Perhaps the largest ot the yearly prolessional confer ences of the country is that of the American Medical Association. It will hold its forty third annual session at Detroit, Mich., Juiie 7-10. This convention is made up of dele gates who receive their appointment irom permanently organized State medical socie ties, and from such county and district soci eties as have regular representation in their respective State associations, together with delegates from the medical departments of the Army and Navy and the Marine Hos pital Service of the United States. AVilliam B. Atkinson, M. D., of Philadelphia, is Permanent Secretarv. The societv works in 12 sections, each dealing with some depart ment of medical science or practice. Some 1,500 delegates are expected at the Detroit meeting, besides several hundred other guests. The American Institute of Home opathy will hold its annual gathering at AVahington, June 13 to 17. The Canadian Medical Association will meet at Ottawa in September. The Lawyers' Convention The American Bar Association has given much valuable attention to compaiative State leg islation, and as a result ot its discussion and work numerous reforms in statutory law and in the modes of procedure and practice have beeu accomplished. Tue distinguished New Union York lawyer, ex-Judge John F. Dillon, is nnnnnl ' 4l,1f- ..An,. .1... T1ac I fl fin t rtf 1, A Tin A -....!.. lliiaai utuiitoiui-ukui but; T'ai ASaUCm- tion, aud Mr. Edward Otis Hinckley, of Baltimore, is the Secretary. The fi.teenth annual meeting will be held at Saratoga Springs, August 24, 25 aud 26. The mem bership of the association at present ex ceeds 1,100. Odd Fellows The Independent Order of Odd Fellows will concentrate at Port land, Ore., on the third Monday of Septem ber. According to late statistics their mem bership in the United States is nearly 700, 000. Mr. Charles M. Busbee, of Raleigh, N. G, is Graud Sire ot the Sovereign Grand Lodge. Discovery Day The 12th of October will be celebrated throughout America as the lour hundredth anniversary of the find ing of the AVestern AVorld by Columbu. President Bonney, of the AVorld's Congiess Auxiliary of the Chicago Exposition, has issued an address regarding the observance of the day. There will be a great gathering at Chicago for the purpose ot dedicating the Exposition grounds. The day is likely to be observed throughout the Union as a holi day, and in all the public schools of the en tire country, probably by proclamation of President Harrrison and of the Governors of all the States, there will be held com memoration exercises with a uniform pro gramme prepared by the superintendents of education a commemoration in which it is estimated that 13,000,000 school children will participate. Labor Organizations Organized labor has not in prospect any of the great popular gatherings which have been held in several former years, but the national organizations of a number of special trades will meet at different date3 during the summer. The Knights of Labor have not yet announced the place of their annual AMERICAN SUMMER SCHOOLS. Chautauqua Summer schools, both general and special, have become so numer ous in the United States that a complete list of them is a very difficult thing to com pile. It will be admitted in all directions that the largest and most elaborate of the general schools is at Cautauqua. Dr. Will iam R. Harper, President ot the University of Chicago, is principal of all the educa tional work that centers about Chautauqua. The Chautauqua College this year opens July 6 and continues nntil August 17. Be sides the Chautauqua Collegea number of special schools will be in session. Thus, from July 6 to 27 Colonel Francis Parker, of the Cook Countv Normal School, Chi cago, with the assistance of nine or ten specialists in the training of teachers, will conduct a department ot pedagogy. From July 6 tos August 17 there will be in opera tion a series of schools of sacred literature, under Prof. Harper and various other dis tinguished theologians and scholars. Dr. H. R. Palmer, of New York, trom July 15 to August 19, conducts a school of musio with a number of assistants. Dr. AV. G. Anderson, of Brooklyn, is at the head of a school of physical education, and the mis cellaneous classes which will be in opera tion cover a great range of subjects. Bay View Probably the largest sum mer university in the country except Chautauqua is that which has for some years been held at Bay r View, Mich. It is announced that Prof. Eiehard T. Ely will henceforth be in charge of this university as its principal. The annual attendance at Bay View, which is charmingly situated at the head of Lake Michigan, reaches 25,000. It opens this year on July 12, and closes August 10. For Teachers As a summer school de signed particularly for teachers the Martha's Vineyard Institute, the fifteenth annual session of which opens on July 11, claims for itself "the honorable distinction of being the oldest, the largest, and the broad est summer school for teachers in the United States." Its attendance last year was over 600. Another summer school particularly for teachers will hold its eighth annual ses sion at Glens Falls, N. Y., during the three weeks beiinning Tuesday, July 19. The Universities. AVhatever may be said o( some other of Harvard's recent inno vations, there can be but one opinion as to the broad and generous spirit that has been shown by President Eliot and the governing uouies oi xiarvuru, in mrowing open tue facilities of the institution to all who may choose to enter upon one or more of a most inteiesting and stimulating variety of special summer courses. These include for the summer of 1892 four courses in chem istry, two in botany, two in physics, three in geology, three in engineering, two each in German, French and physical culture, and single courses in physiology, American history, socialism and social problems, trig onometry, horticulture, English, history and art ot teaching, besides courses at the medical school and general lectures free to students iu any ot the courses. Most of the work begins about July 1 and continues some six weeks. The good example of Har vard is now to be followed at Ithaca, N. Y. Summer courses will be offered at Cornell University this year, its libraries, labora tories and museums being opened during six weeks of July and August Grant's -Simpllcitj of Character and How fie Felt in Battle. CAME TEKT NEAR BEING A PE0FESS0R rCOBBZSPONDINCE OF THE DISPATCH.1 AVASHINGTON, May 7. HE quiet talk which is going on among the Republicans in discussing the next Presidental situa tion often includes Secretary Rusk among the possibili ties. There is no doubt that Uncle Jerry.has many ele ments of popularity, and though he positively says he will not be a candidate before the convention and that he is body and soul for Harrison, his strength with the farmers makes him a strong possibility. His sturdy honesty would appeal to the people, and the stories of his having worked as a cooper at 25 cents a barrel, of his having driven a team and carted dirt for the build ing of a railroad and of his stage-driving ex periences would bring him right down to the people and give him something of the same boom that President Lincoln got from his rail-splitting. Speaking of Secretary Rusk's stage-driving, I heard a new story last night which illustrates his lack of snob bishness and at the same time gives an idea ui uiEt puiiucai loresiguu Jerry Knows What the People Like. It was when Uncle Jerry was running for Congress and his opponent was a man who had made a fortune in lumber and one of the charges made against him by a speaker at a joint debate was that he was nothing but a log-roller and the people wanted something better than a lumber man to re- of the United States he will be the second President who has risen trom the office of Sheriff to the highest position in our land. i.ne story ot bow he got nis omce is inter esting. It was shortly after he had come to AVisconsin, and while he was living on his iarm in tne country, tnat a man drove up to his house in a buggy, which was pulled bv a single horse which looked pretty well fagged. The man seemed uneasy and he told Uncle Jerry that he had been riding very fast, and that he had started out so early that he had not had time to get his breakfast and he asked for something to eat He was given a meal and he drove away rapidly. A. few hours after this the county officers came up and said they were hunting a horse thief, and from their description Uncle Jerry had no doubt but that the man of whom they were speaking was the one who had passed on in the morning. Now, near Mr. Rusk's house the roads forked, and no one knew which road the horse-thief had taken. The officers decided to go one way, and after they hadleft.Uncle Jerry, thinking it over, decided that the thief must have taken the other road, and he took a fast horse out of bis stable and made after him. After riding many miles on a gallop he at last saw the man last asleep in the buggy, and the horse walking quieuy along tne roaa. lie quieuy jumpeu down from his horse and grabbed the man before he could wake, and tying his hands together he bound him to tht buggy, and thus brought him back to town. The ex ploit was so noted that at the next election General Rusk's friends put him up for Sheriff, and he got the office after an enthu siastic campaign. New Stories of General Grant During a talk which I had the other night with Secretary Stephen B. Elkins he spoke most interestingly of General Grant. HEALTH m A WHEEL What an Enthusiast and a Doctor Say of Bicycle Exercise. PACTS FAVORING MEAT DIET. The Camera Snccessfullj Tsed in Detecting False Signatures. FRESH BITS OF ETERI DAI SCIENC3 SOME FOREIGN OCCASIONS. Columbian Celebration, Genea, June to November. Exhibition' at Madrid, September 12 to December 31. Summer Theology at Oxford, July 18 to August 2. Oxford University Extension, July 29 to August 26. .British Association, Edinburgh, August 3. Reunion Conlerences.Grindelwald, July 29. Vicuna Exposition of Music and Drama, all summer. Rusk, the Stage Driver. DEMOCBACT OF WILHELM. How Ho Bumps Vp Against Porters and Fishwives When on the Strnets. The forces behind AVilliam IL are such as have never been cultivated in Russia, whose Czar lives iu hourly dread of assassin ation, and whose people are so many items of"official budget, so many units in a mili tary report, says Poultney Bigelow in the Century. The Germau Emperor walks about the streets of his town as fearlessly and naturally as any other man, although the life of his grandfather was twice at tempted. One day, in November of 1891, he was walking with a guest through the narrow and crowded thoroughfare ot a city not far from Berlin. The sidewalks were narrow, and, as the Emperor is a fasj; walker, he frequently had to stop out into the street to pass other pedestrians and es pecially clusters of people who stopped for a chat His companion, who had been in Russia, was struck by the democratic manner in which the German Emperor rubbed in and out among porters, fishwives, peasants and the rest ot the moving crowd, chatting the while, and acting as though this was his usual manner of getting about He was struck still more by the lact that no precau tions against a possible mmderous fanatic appeared to have been taken, and ventured to speak of this. The Emperor laughed heartily, and said: "Oh, if I had to stop to think ot such things, I should never get through with my day's work." ACTIVITY OF THE BRAIN. present them in Congress. Secretary Rusk's opponent followed and he said it was true he had been a log-roller, but ha had rolled logs by proxy. He had hired others to do his work for him and he, in fact, had never worked as a lumberman. AVhile this man was speaking Uncle Jerry had arrived and be was sitting be hind him on the stage. As he closed he jumped up to his feet and walked out to the front of the platform and said: "Gen tlemen, my opponent it seems is ashamed of being charged with being a laborer, and in his nice, aristocratic way he boasts that he has had others do his work for him. He says that I owned a stage line, and I want to' say to you right here that he tells the truth' and that I am proud ot it I not only own a line, but I have driven the stages myself and I drove them well and no man who went with me ever got left and this is what I want to tell you concerning this Congressional canvass. If yon get into my stage you will be in safe quarters and I will get yon there every time." As General Rusk said this there was a shout of ap plause. A fer days later he was elected. The Rich Lands nf Florida. Speaking of Secretary Rusk, I had a chat with him the other day about the wonder ful work that is going on in reclaiming the swamp lands of Florida. A large part of lower Florida is susceptible of easy drain age. The land at its highest point "is only 72 feet above the sea, and it is cut up by such a set of lakes and streams that a small amount of dredging will give the water a natural outlet and vast tracts can be re claimed at a small expense. The richness of this land can hardly be conceived. It surpasses in its fertility the valley of the Nile and the soil is a jet black or brown muck, which is from 3 to 16 (eet deep and which is mixed with a natural phosphate so that when cultivated it produces most wonderful crops. General Rusk tells me the soil looks like peat, and it is made of the rotten vegetable matter f ages. It contains so much fer tilizing material that some of it would sell for 510 a ton, could the nitrogen in it be brought to the market Some of the land Elkins and Grant. The Terlod TThen It TTorkt Best Diners Will Temperaments unil Mabitg. Disregarding states of excitement, which do not come within the scope of the ques tion, the brain of a healthy man or woman living a simple and natural life would be most active as soon as the process of awaken ing is quite complete. But as the demands ot civilization gradually abrogate the pro cesses ot nature, the period of highest in tellectual activity will vary according to the condition of the individual mode of life. The biain ot the literary man or the jour nalist is, as a rule, most active at night, al though a study of the lives ot the most cele brated writers will, it should be added, dis close a wide variety of period and method of work. Again the highest capacities of some brains are only developed during the time that the mind is on the border-land between sleeping and waking. It is thenhat the brain, shut off, as it were, irom the confus ing influences of the external world, seems to concentrate its energies upon its stored up impressions, to review them with mar velous accuracy and scope of vision, and to recombine them into new shapes and proj ects for the future with a clearness and originality unknown in actual waning life. This laculty is, however, almost entirely confined to the higher orders of intellect Plowing With Sniwshocs. Improved Appliance In Sketching. Some of the many who wilt spend a large portion of the next few months' of their lite in the open air will be interested to know that a new appliance has been brought out for facilitating the making of sketches of landscapes, buildings, etc. The device com prises an instrument to enable a draughts man to mark off' on a sheet of paper the relative position of as many points in the view as may be considered necessary to ob tain a correct representation. This instru raent is based on the well-known method of measuring with the pencil nnd thumb. One form of the appliance resembles a pair of compasses, with a fixed limb between the two legs. ha been cultivated, and there are several thousund acres in sugar cane and about 6,000 acres of it in rice. It is very valuable for the raising of vegetables. How Slnlen TVpHr Snow Shoo. I asked General Ruk how these lands were worked, and he told me that the plow ing was done by mules who wore snow shoes or mud shoes to keep them trom sinking into the muck. These shoes are round thin disks, ench 18 inches in diameter, which are fastened to the hoofs of the mules nnd which work exactly like a snow shoe. The mules do not like them at first, but they soon get used to them, and it is lound that "the plow ing can be done in this wav. General Rusk tells me that there ore large phophate beds in Florida, and that there is a strip of these beds which is 20 miles wide nnd 150 miles long, and this is filled with the most valuable of phosphates. The field is not definitely mapped out as yet, and new phosphates are being found. These, in connection with the muck lands, promise to make Florida one of the richest States in the Union, and English capitalists are making large investments in the phosphate lands, and I am told that they will have a monopoly of them if Americans are not careful. The chances for investment in these and in the muck lands are said to be good, and Prof; AA'iley, who has just re turned Irom Florida, predict that this will be the market garden of the United States. He tells me that the dredging and reclama tion of new lands is going steadily onward, nnd he gives a rosy report of the success of the sugar experiment station of the Agri cultural Department. Jerry Bask Was Onon a Sheriff; If Uncle Jerry ever should be President 3Ir. Elkins lived next door to Grant In New York and the two were close friends during the last year of Grant's life. I had asked Mr. Elkins as to how General Grant impressed him and he replied: "He talked about himself and his great actions in the most simple wav and was surprised that he world thought he was more than an ordin ary man. I remember chatting with him once on the porch of my home in Deer Park when the conversation turned to his ap pointment as a cadet at AVest Point at the request of Congressman Harmer. After telling me how Harmer came to appoint him he turned to me and said, 'Do von know, 3Ir. Elkins, Harmer thought I had something in me.' Something in himl He uttered this as though it were a surprise to him, and as he did so I looked at that great bundle of greatness and wondered. "At another time in the same language," continued Secretary Elkins, "Grant re ferred to Lincoln s opinion ot him as though he were surprised that he should hold it It was one night when we had dined out together, and, after the dinner, had dropped into the Union League Club for a moment before we went home. AVe were both members of the club, though we seldom visited it This nicht. however. General Grant was in a chatty mood, and as we passed the club he proposed that we go in and rest awhile before we went home. How Grant Felt in Battle. "AVhile we talked the battle of Fred ericksburg came up, and Grant told me all the details of that terrible fight As he fin ished I looked at him with wonder and asked: " 'General, I have often tried to imagine how a man feels when he is in the midst of some great transaction which he must know is to change the face of the world, which is to affect the condition of millions.and which is bound to go down into history as one of man's creat deeds. Can you not tell me your sensations in the midst of one of those great battles? AVhat did you think ol? How did you feel?' " T don't know,' he replied simply. 1 can't say I felt anything, save that I "knew I had to whip the war, and I was bound to do it' "General Grant then fell into a reminis cent mood and went on somewhat as fol lows: 'Yet as I look back upon it I feel that I have had some very trying times in my li!e and I sometimes wonder tnat x am able to stand the strain. It was hard when I was fighting the South. It was harder when I felt that back of us there was a divided North, a part of which were ready to find fault, and I knew that many of the leaders of our own army were against me and were trying to break me down. But,' he concluded, 'President Lincoln was always my friend. He stood by me through thick anil thin. Do you know Lincoln thought there was something iu me.' " Grant as a College Professor. "It is not generally known," 3Ir. Elkins went on, "that Grant applied for a profes sorship in the University of Missouri before the war. It was at this college that I was educated, and had he succeeded I would have been taught my mathematics by him. He made the application in 185i. He was at St Louis at the time, and was at the end of his resources when this vacancy occurred in the Chair ot Mathematics. General Grant wrote a modest letter to the Board of Trustees in which he stated his qualifica tions and his needs, but another man got the place. I talked with General Grant about it a year or twobelore he died, and he said: " 'I think I could have filled the place quite well. I was pretty well up in mathe matics at AVest Point, but if I had gotten it I pre'uiue I should not now be here.' I must lave been in my sophomore year when Grant made his application, for I graduated iul860." Feank G. Cakpentek. iWErrTKf ron the dispatch.! Thomas Stevens has entered an earnest plea for the bicycle as a factor in modern hygiene. He holds that bicycling has al ready been of incalculable benefit to man kind, physically, socially, morally, intel lectually and commercially, and that the probabilities of its expansion along thesa and other vital lines of human concern ar beyond compute. It is a popular error to suppose that bicy cling exercises no other part of the body, to any extent, than the legs. As a matter of fact, every muscle of the body, every fiber of the vital man, is brought into healthful play. It is doubtfnl if any other form of exercise can compare, in the fair and equal distribution of physical eQort and mental alertness, with bicycle riding in the pure country air. Mr. Stevens recommends the lawyer, doctor, minister, banker, editor, professor or teacher, whose sedentary moda of life ha1! been insidiously filchingaway his reserve of health, to give a month's go-by to "health lifts," "Swedish movements," mas sage treatment, Turkish baths and indoor exercises of all kinds, and to invest 5150 in a high class safety bicycle, and "take to the road." He speaks enthusiastically of "sipping with strange delight the dew and honey of health from pleasures the very existence of which is unknown, even unsuspected, by people who do not ride the bicycle. The sensation of skimmins across country at the rate of 10 or 15 miles an hour is bnt a short remove from that of aerial flight, the dream of the future. The effect is electrical on all the functions of mind and body. The brooding cobwebs of the brain are swept away in the tide of quickened, oxygenated blood that courtes through the veins in response to the new spirit of health ana action. Iu bicycling the lungs have all the action they need, the muscles of the back and abdominal region are exercised and strength ened, and the doctors say that for sluggish liver, the bane of sedentary men, the pedalling action of the legs produces a vigorous circulation ot blood that nothing can equal as a remedial measure. A "wheel man's appetite" has become a household word, and the bicycler comes to look on dyspepsia as a humorous dream of the past Physicians now prescribe the "bicycle" so often that it is fairly entitled to an honor able place in the pharmacopeia. The use of the machine by women is rap idly extending, and has been the means of making hundreds of girls of weakly consti tution strong and robust Not long ago a meeting of homeopathic doctors in Chicago unanimously decided that bicycle riding was "one ot the most wholesome and exhil arating forms of exercise that women can indulge in." The great danger to be guarded against is the tendency to overdo. A Good Tone on Ihn Plnno. The wonderful object lessons which the Americans have been able to avail them selves of during the last few mouths in the production on the piano of the ideal tone, that approaching most nearly the quality of the human voice, lend interest to a descrip tion of the technical methods by which pianoniakcrs strive to make 'this tone pos sible on their instrument". Each of the seven octaves requires a different treat ment, and as regards rxttous the class of action suited to one make of piano may be totally unfitted for another. The exact speed and power of blow are essential to good tone. Much also depends upon the shape and weight of the hammer. Bricks niads ofSiwdnst. One result of the various attempts made in Germany to produce a building material at the lowest possible cott is the brick of sawdust The sawdust is immersed in a specially prepared liquid aud then sub jected to enormous pressure. The blocks are said to be extremely hard, practically non-combustible, much lighter than either iron or steel, and much stronger than timber. Protective Coatlne for Pictures. A good coating for the protection of maps, pictures, drawings, etc., can be made of a solution of Gutta percha in benzine. The evaporation ot the benzine leaves a thin film of the protecting medium on the sur face to which the application has been made. The best way of "fixing" crayon and charcoal drawings is to spray them with the fluid through an atomizer. 3Int as a Straily Diet There will always be differences of opin ion as to the respective merits of the various kinds of food. The vegetarians point to splendid specimens of humanity, brought np in their faith and practice, as proof that the products of the kitchen garden are the most natural and wholesome food for man, while the advocates of the various modern sys tems ot physical training are just as em phatio in their belief that animal food is essential to the perfect physical and mental condition of man. This belief Is in line with the conclusions arrived at by an emi nent American physician a few years ago. He established a series of careful tests, ex tending over a considerable period, and em ployed a number of men by the month to do nothing but take the kind of food he gae them at whatever time and for whatever length of time he desired. The physical condition of these men was accurately tested and recorded, and the results which have been preserved are most interesting reading. Oatmeal, which has quite a re spectable reputation as an article of break fast diet, was found to p a most desirable food, and Johnson's fnition of it as an article "used in England as a food for horses and in Scotland as a food for men" was thoroughly vindicated. Vegetables were placed very low in the scale of nutrition, and most of them were found to do more harm than good. The best results in every way were secured from a meat diet It is beyond question that many races of men who live entirely on animal food are exceptionally hardy and free from diseases of all kinds. Sir Francis Head lived for some time with the Pampas In dians, who have neither bread, lruit nor vegetables', but subsist entirely on the flesh ol their mares. These men pass their lives on horseback, and in spite ot the climate, which is burning hot in summer and freez ing in winter, go absolutely naked, not hav ing even a covering for their head. Sir Francis says that alter he had been living for three or four months on beef and water he found himself in a condition of superb health, and felt as if no exertion could kill him. Although he constantly arrived at the camp so completely exhausted that ho could not Kpeak, a few hours' sleep on tho ground, with his saddle for a pillow, always so completely restored him that for a week he could be on his horse every day before sunrise, ride until two or three hours after sunset, and when necessary tire out 10 or 13 horses a dav. He considers that the condi tion necessary for covering the immense distances which people in South America are said to ride could only be attained on bsol and water. Another confirmation of this view of the diet question is afforded by the practice of the Gaucbos of the Argentine Republic, who live entirely on roast beef and salt, and whose sole beverage is mate or Para guay tea, taken without sugar. rhotosrophy In Detecting Crime. Photography is being applied with great success in the detection of the falsification ot handwriting. The picture can always ba enlarged, and erasures and alterations can be seen more plainly than in the original. A remarkable lact is" that the photographio sight is infiniielv keener than human eye sight, and brings'out distinctly differences in inks which cannot be perceived by the eye. This difference can be considerably intensi fied by the use of suitably colored light and color-sensitive plates. WORKS WHILE YOU SLEEP. !&&. 5 Penetrating f i"Av yv3 tw frSJ StTl m:w cures pain where others fail. Worth taking trouble to get SOLD BY DRUGGISTS EVERYWHERE. t. f ' i I .H 0M .y-jljfliW HiimiiimHin i1MttiMiiWiWff . ". . -"-JW
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers