esasKss GITS OF GERMANY THE PITTSBURG DESPATCH. SUNDAY. APRIL 3, 1892: HeceiYe the Homage of Their Admirers at a Great Ban quet in Berlin. MABK TWAIN ASSISTED. Pen Pictures of tho Medieval Cos tmnes of Corps Students. STIRRING TRIBOTE TO M0M3ISEN. Tho Capital Is the Chicago of the land .Across tLo Ocean. CRANKT STREET NUMBERING AXD CARS fWItnTEN Ton THE DISPATCn.1 I feel lost in Berlin. It has no resem blance to the city I supposed it was. Thero was once a Berlin which I would have known from descriptions in books the Ber lin of the last century and the beginning of the present one; a dingy city in a marsh, with rough streets, muddy and lantern lighted, dividing straight rows of ugly houses all alike, compacted into blocks as square and plain and uniform and monoto nous and serious as so many dry goods boxes. But that Berlin has disappeared. It seems to ha-e disappeared totally and left no sign. The bulk of Berlin of to-day has about it no suggestion of a former period. The site it stands on has traditions and a history, but the city itself has no traditions and no his tory. It is a new city the newest I have ever seen. Chicago would seem venerable beside it, for there are many old-looking districts in Chicago, but not many in Berlin. The main mass ot the city looks as if it had been built last week, the rest of it has a just perceptibly graver tone, and looks as it it might be six or even eight months old. The CItj of 'Wide Streets. The next feature that strikes one is the spaciousness, the roominess of the city. There is no other city in any country, whose streets are so generally wide. Berlin is not merely a city ot wide streets, it is the city of wide streets. As a wide-street city it has never had its equal in any age of the world. "Unter den Linden" is three streets in one; the Potsdamerstrasse is bordered on both sides by sidewalks which are themselves wider than some of the his toric thoroughfares of the old European capitals; there seem to be no lanes or alleys; there are no short cuts; here ana there, where several important "streets empty into a common center, that center's circumfer ence is cf a magnitude calculated to bring that word spaciousness into your mind acain. The park in the middle ot the city is so huge that it calls up that expression ence more. The text feature that strikes one is the straightness of the streets. The short ones haven't &o much as a waver in them; the long ones stretch out to prodigious distances and then tilt a little to the right or left, then stretch out on another immense reach as straight as a ray of light. A result of this arrangement is that at night Berlin is an inspiring sight to see. Gas and the elec tric light are employed with a wasteful liberality, and so, wherever one goes, he has always Double Kanki of Brilliant L'ghts stretching far down into the night on every hand, with here and there a wide and splen did constellation of them spread out over an intervening "platz," and between the inter minable double procession of street lamps one has the swarming and darting cablamps, a lively and pretty addition to the fine spectacle, for they counterfeit the rush and confusion and sparkle of an invasion of fire flies. There is one other noticeable feature, the absolutely level surface of the site of Berlin. Berlin, to recapitulate, is newer to the eye than is any other city, and also blonder of complexion and tidier; no other city has such an air of roominess, freedom "from crowding; no other city has so many straight streets; and with Chicago it contests the chromo for flatness of surface and for phe noa enal swiitness of growth. Berlin is the European Chicago. The two cities have about the same population, say 1,500,000. I cannot speak in exact terms, because I onlv know what Chicago's population was week before last; but at that time it was about 1.500,000. Fifteen years ago Berlin and Chicago were large cities, of course, but neither of them was the giant it now is. But now the parallels fail. Only parts of Chicago are stately and beautiful, whereas all of Berlin is stately and substantial, and it is not merely in parts but uniformly beautiful. There are buildings in Chicago that are architecturally finer than any in Berlin, I think, but what I have just said above is still true. Healthiest City Next to London. These two flat cities would lead the world for phenomenal good health if London was out of the way. As it is, London leads by a point or two. Berlin's death rate is only 19 in 1,000. Fourteen years ago the rate was a third higher. Berlin is a surprise in a great many ways in a multi tude ol ways, to speak strongly and be ex act. It seems to be the most governed city in the world, but one must admit that it aUo seems to be the best governed. Method and system are observable on every hand in great things, in little things, in all de tails, of whatsoever size, and it is not method and system on paper, and there an end it is method and system in practice. It has a rule ior everything and puts the rule in force; puts it in force against the poor and the poweriul alike, without favor or prejudice. It deals with great matters and minute particulars with equal faithful ness and with a plodding and painstaking diligence and persistency which compel ad mirationand sometimes regret. There are Beveral taxes, and they are collected quar terly. Collected is the word; they are not merely levied, they are collected every time. This makes light taxes. It is in cities and countries where a considerable part of the community shirk payment that taxes have to be lifted toaburdensome rate. Here the police keep coming, calmly and patiently, until you pay your tax. They charge you 5 or 10 cents per visit after the first call By experiment you will find that they will presently collect that money. Incomes Baaed on House Kent. In one respect the 1,500,000 of Berlin's population are like a family. The head of this large family knows the names of its several members and where the said mem bers are located, and when and where they were born, and what they do for a living, and what their religious brand is. "Who ever comes to Berlin must furnish these particulars to the police immediately; more evcr, if be knows how long he is going to stay he must say so. If he takes a house he M ill be taxed on the rent and taxed also on his income. He will be asked what his in come is, and so he may save some lies for home consumption. The police will esti mate his income from the house rent he pays and tax him on that basis. Duties on imported articles are collected with inflexible fidelity, be the sum large or little; but the methods are gentle, prompt and full of the spirit of accommodation. The postman attends to the whole matter for you in cases where the article comes by mail, and vou have no trouble and sutler no inconvenience. The other day alriendof mine was informed that there was a package in the postofiice ior him containing a lady's silk belt, with gold clasp, and a gold chain to hang a bunch of keys on. In his first agitation he was going to try to bribe the postman to chalk it through, but acted upon his sober second thought and allowed the matter to take its properand regular course. In a little while the postman brought the packige and made these several collections: Duty on the silk belt, 7J4 cents; duty on the gold chain. 10 cents; charge for fetching the package, 5 cents. These devastating imposts are exacted for the protection of German home industries. The Police Never Get Discouraged. The calm, quiet, courteous, cussed per sistence of the police if the most admirable thing I have encountered on this side. They undertook to persuade me to send and get a passport for a Swiss maid whom we had Drought with us, and at the end of six weeks of patient, tranquil, angelio daily effort they succeed. I was not intending to give them trouble, but I was lazy and I thought thev would get tired. Meanwhile they probably thought I would be the one. It turned out just so. One is not allowed to build unstable, un safe, or unsichtly houses in Berlin. The result is this comely and conspicuously stately city, with its security from confla grations and breakdowns. It is built of architectural Gibraltars. The Bujlding Commissioners inspect while the building is going up. It has been found that this is better than to wait till it falls down. These people are full of whims. One is not al lowed to cram poor folk into cramped and dirty tenement houses. Each individual must have so many cubic feet of room space, and sanitary inspections are systematic and frequent. Everything is orderly. The fire brigade march in rank, curiously uniformed, and so grave is their demeanor that they look like a Salvation Army under conviction of sin. People tell me that when a fire alarm is sounded the firemen assemble calmly, an swer to their names when the roll is called. and then proceed to the fire. There they are ranked up, military fashion, and told oiF in detachments by the chief, who parcels out to the detachments the several parts of the work which they are to undertake in putting out the fire. A Fire Is Worked Like a Funeral. This is all done with low-voiced propri ety, and strangers think these people are working a funeral. As a rnle, the fire is confined to a single floor in these great masses of brick: and masonry, and conse quently there is little or no 'interest attach ing to a fire here for the rest of the occu pants ol the House. There are abundance of newspapers in Berlin, and there was also a newsboy, but he died. A intervals of half a mile on the thoroughfares there are booths, and it is at these that you buv your papers. There are plenty of theaters, but they do not adver tise in a loud way. There are no big post ers of any kind, and the display of vast type and of pictures of actors and " performance framed on a big scale and done in rainbow colors is a thing unknown. If the big show bills existed there would be no place to ex hibit them, for there are no poster fences, and one would not be allowed to disfigure dead walls with them. Unsightly things are forbidden here; Berlin is a rest to the eye. And vet the saunterer can casilv find out what is goingOon at the theaters. All over the city, at short distances apart, there are neat, round pillars 18 feet high and about as thick asahogshead,andon these the little black and white theater bills and other notices are pasted. One generally finds a group around each pillar reading these things. There are plenty of things in Ber lin worth importing to America. It is these that I have particularly wished to make a note of. "When Buffalo Bill was here his biggest poster was probably not larger than the top of an ordinary trunk. Street Car Drivers Get Lost. There is multiplicity of clean and com fortable horse cars, but whenever yon think you know where a car is going to, you had better stop ashore, because that car is not going to that place at all. The car routes are marvelously intricate, and often the drivers get lost and are not heard of for years. The signs on the cars furnish no details as to the course of the journey; thev name the end of it, and then ex periment around to see how much terri tory thev can cover before they tret there. The conductor will collect your fare over again every few miles and give yon a ticket which he hasn't apparently "kept any record of, and you keep it till an inspector comes aboard by and by and tears a corner off it (which he does not keep); then you throw the ticket away and get ready to buy another. Brains are ol no value when you are trying to navigate Berlin in a horse car. When the ablest ot Brooklyn's editors was here on a visit he took a horse car in the early morning and wore it out trying to go a point in the center of the city. He was on board all day and spent many dollars in fares, and then did not arrive at the place which he had started to go to. This is the most thorough way to see Berlin, but it is also the most expensive. But there are excellent features about the car system, nevertheless. The car will not stop for you to pet on or off except at cer tain places a block or two apart, where there is a sign to indicate that that is a halting station. This system saves many bones. There are 20 places inside the car; when these seats are. filled no more can enter. Four or five persons may stand on each platform the law decrees the num ber and when these places are all occupied the next applicant is refused. They Experimented on Convicts. As there is no crowding, and as no rowdy ism is allowed, women stand on the plat forms as well as men. They often stand there when there are vacant seats inside, for these places are comfortable, there being little or no jolting. A native tells me that when the first car was put on. 30 or 40 years ago, the people had such a terror of it that they didn't feel safe inside of it or outside either. They made the company neep a iuau ui every crossing wnn a red flag in his hand. Nobody would travel in the car except convicts on the way to the gallows. This made business in only one direction, and the car had to go back light. To save the company the city government transferred the convict cemetery to the other end of the line. This made traffic in both directions and kept the company from going under. This sounds like some of the information which traveling foreigners are furnished with in America. To my mind it has a doubtful ring about it. The first-class cab is neat and trim, and has leather-cushioned seats and a swift horse. The second-class cab is an ugly and lubberly vehicle, and is always oli It seems a strange thing that they have never built any new ones. Still, if such a thing were done everybody that had time to flock would flock to see it, and that would make a crowd, and the police do not like crowds and disorder here. If there were an earth quake in Berlin the police would take charge of it and conduct it in that sort of orderly way that would make you think it a prayer meeting. That is what an earth quake generally ends in, but this one would be different from those others; it would be kindof soft and self-contained, like a He publican praying for a Mugwump. Klolnc by Aid of a 31 p. For a course (a quarter of an hour or less), one pays 25 cents in a first-class cab, and 15 cents in a second class. The first class will take you along faster, for the second class horse is old always old, as old as his cab, some authorities say and ill fed and weak. He has been a first class once, but has been degraded to second class for long and faith ful service. Still, he must take you as far for 15 cents as the other horse takes you for 25. If he can't do his 15-minute distance in 15 minutes he must still do the distance for the 15 cents. Any stranger can check the distance off by means ot the most curious map I am ac quainted with. It is issued by the city Gov ernment, and can be bought in any shop for a trifle. In It every street is sectioned off like a string of long beads of different colors. Each long bead represents a minute's travel, and when you have covered 15 of the beads you have got your money's worth. This map ot Berlin is a gay-colored maize, and looks like pictures of the circulation of the blood. The streets are very clean. They are kept so not by prayer and talk and the other New York methods, but by daily and hourly work with scrapers and brooms; and when an asphalted street has been tidily scraped after a rain or light snowfall, they scatter clean sand over it. This saves some of the horses from falling-down. In fact this is a city government which seems to stop at no expense where the public convenience, com fort and health are concerned except in one detail That is, the naming of the streets and the numbering of the houses. Sometimes the name of a street will change in the middle of a block. You will not find it out till you get to the next corner and discover the new name on the wall, and of course yon don't know just when the change happened. Chaos In Numbering the Houses. The names are plainly marked on the cor ners on all the corners there are no ex ceptions. But the numbering of the houses there has never been anything like it since original chaos. It is pot possible that it was done by this wise city government. At first one thinks it was done by an idiot; but there is too much variety about it for that; an idiot could not think of so many different wars of making . confusion and propagating blasphemy. The numbers rim up one side of the street and down the other. That is endurable, but the rest isn't They often use one number for three or lour houses, and sometimes they put the number only on one of the houses and let you guess at the others. Sometimes they put a number on a bouse 1, for instance then put 4a, 4b, 4c, on the succeeding houses, and one becomes old and decrepit before he finally arrives at 5. A result of this systemless system is that when you are at No. 1 in a street you haven't any idea how far it may be to No. 150; it may be tables, seating 24 persons each, extending from one end of the great hall clear to the other and with narrow aisles between the files. In the center on one side was a high fend tastefully decorated platform, 20 or 30 feet long, with a long table'on'it; behind which sat the half dozen chiefs of the choir of the commera in the rich mediaeval cos tumes of as many different college corps. Behind these yontis a band of musicians was concealed." On the floor directly in front of this platform were half a dozen tables, which were distinguished from the outlying continent of tables by being 'cov ered instead of left naked. Of these the central table was reserved for the two heroes of the occasion and 20 particularly eminent professors of the Berlin Univer sity, and the other covered tables were for the occupancy of a hundred less distin guished professors. I was glad to be honored with a place at the table of the two heroes of the occasion, although I was not really learned enough to deserve it. Indeed there was a pleasant strangeness in being in such company; to be thus associated with 23 men who forget more every day than I ever knew. Yet mere was nouunx euiuuiiaasiiig nuuut n, uc cause loaded men and empty ones look about alike I knew that to that multitude there I was a professor. It required but little art to catch the ways and attitudes of those men and imitate them, and I had no difficulty in looking as much like a pro fessor as anybody there. "We arrived early, so early that only WBWMtiMBUnli misMSslBk SBBPSmmti I 111 iSBS&TrkiVcSKSsr w v f$sn " niTjPTisssKtifc S3r23PZsctiQUIiUiM 1 III Mf&mSi JPJI ' HMmWi vWi SJrRIIBmi!wKf (Hill 1 ?M BN jaWrtMffltMaBI fl(flllllni It lUllHllliffllllKn!! a ssfil ' J JU?gJS5" IsMiimM'jlvWrJB IlCFi 111 Blllll It lOuHflLsfl-F IlllHH 1 PROF. MOMMSEN". By Permission of FhotographUche OescUschaft, Berlin. only six or eight blocks, it may be a couple of miles. Frederick street is long, and is one of the great thoroughfares. The other day a man put up his money -behind the as sertion that there were more refreshment places in that street than numbers on the nouses and he won. There were 254 num bers and 257 refreshment places. Yet, as I have stated, it is a long street. But the worst feature of all ,this complex business is that in Berlin the numbers do not travel in any one direction; no, they travel along until they get to 50 or 60, per haps, then suddenly you find yourself up in the hundreds 140, may be; the next will be 139; then you perceive by that sign that the numbers are now traveling toward you from the opposite direction. An Explanation of Berlin's Suicides. They will keep that sort of insanity up as long as you travel that street; every now and then the numbers will turn and run the other way. As a rule there is an arrow un der the number, to show by tbe direction of its flight which way the numbers are pro ceeding. There are a good many suicides Profs. Yirchow and Helmholtz and a dozen guests of the special tables were ahead of us, and 300 or 400 students. But people were arriving'in floods now, and within 15 minutes all but the special table were occu pied and the great house was crammed, the aisles included. It was said that there were 4,000 men present It was a most animated scene, there is no doubt about that; it was a stupendous beehive. At each end of each table stood a corps student in the uniform of his corps. These quaint costumes are of brilliant colored silks and velvets, with sometimes a high plumed hat, sometimes a broad Scotch cap, with a great plume wound about it, sometimes oftenest a little shal low embroidered silk cap on the tip of the crown like an inverted saucer; sometimes the pantaloons are snow white, sometimes of other colors; the boots in all cases come up well above the knee; and in all caees, also, white gaunt lets are worn. The sword is a rapier with a bowl-shaped guard for the hand, painted in several colors. Each corps has a uniform of its own, and all are of rich material, bril liant in color and exceedingly picturesque; students in uniform belong to different col lege corps. Not all students, belong to corps; none join the corps except those who enjoy fighting. The corps students fight duels with swords every week, one corps chal lenging another corps to furnish a certain number of duellists for the occasion, and it is only on this battlefield that students of different corps exchange courtesies. In common life they do not drink with each other or speak. The above line now trans lates itself: "There, is truce during the Commers; war is laid aside and fellowship takes its place." - A Good Imitation of Thunder. Now the performance becran. The con cealed band played a piece ofmartial music; then there was a pause. The students on the platform rose to their feet; the middle one gave a toast to the Emperor, then all the house rose, mugs in hand. At tbe call "One, two, three!" all glasses -were drained and then brought down with a slam on the tables in unison. The result was as good an Imitation of thunder as I have ever heard. From now on, during an hour, there was singing in mighty chorus. During each interval- between songs a number of the special guests the professors arrived. There seemed to be some sisnal whereby the students on the platform were made aware that a professor had arrived at the remote door of entrance, for you would see them suddenly rise to their feet, strike an erect military attitude.-then draw their swords; the swords of all their brethren standing guard at the innumerable tables would flash from the scabbards and be held aloft a handsome spectacle. Three clear bugle notes would ring out, then all these swords would come down with a crash, twice re peated, on the tables, and be uplifted and held aloft again; then in the distance you would see the gay uniforms and uplifted swords of a guard of honor clearing the way and conducting the guest down to his place. The songs were stirring, and the immense outpour from young lite and young lungs, the crash of swords, and the thunder of the beer mugs gradually worked a body up to what seemed the last possible summit of ex citement It surely seemed to me that I had reached that summit, that I had reached my limit, and that there was no" higher lift devisable for me. A Mighty Tribute to Mommsen. When apparently the last eminent guest had long ago taken his place, again those three bugle blasts rang out, and once more the swords leaped lrom their scabbards. Who might this late comer be? Nobody was interested to inquire. Still, indolent eyes were turned toward the distant en trance, and we saw the silken gleam and the lifted swords of a guard of honor ploughing through the remote crowds. Then we saw that end ot the house'rising to its feet; saw it rise abreast the advancing guard all along, like a wave. This supreme honor had been oflered to no one before. Then there was an excited whisper at our table "Mommsen 1" and the whole house rose rose and shout ed and stamped and clapped, and banged the beer mugs. Just simply a storm! Then thelittle maa with his long hair and Emer sonian face edged his way past us and took his seat I could have touched him with my hand Mommsen! think of itl" This was one of those immense surprises that can happen only a lew times in one's life. I was not dreaming of him; he was to me only a giant mvth, a world-shadowing specter, not a reality. The surprise of it all can be only comparable to a man's sud denly coming upon Mont Blanc, with its' awful form towering into the sky, when he didn't suspect he ras in the neighborhood. I would have walked a great many miles to get a sight of him, and here he was, without trouble or tramp or cost of any kind. Here he was clothed in a Titanic deceptive' modesty which made him look like other men. Here he was, carrying the Koman world and all the Caesars in his hospitable skull and doing it as easily as that other luminous vault, the skull of the universe, carries the milky way and the constellations. THE WELSH RABBIT It's Not Always as Digestible as It Should Be, but That Is THE FAULT OP THE COOKING. Cheest Properly Treated Hakes the Cheap est Food There Is. ADDING BI-CARE0NATB OP POTASH ALL UT THE HOUSE RISE, MUGS IN" HAXD. in Berlin; I have seen six reported in a single day. There is always a deal of learned and laborious arguing and cipher ing going on as to the cause ot this state of things. If they will set to work and num ber their house's in a rational way, perhaps they will find out what was the matter. More than a month ago Berlin began to prepare to celebrate Prof. "Virchow's seven tieth birthday. When the birthday arrived, the middle ot October, it seemed to me that all the world of science arrived with it; deputation after deputation came, bringing the homage and reverence of far cities and centers ot learning; and during the whole of a long day the hero of it sat and received such witness of his greatness as has seldom been vouchsafed to any man in any walk of lile in any time, ancient or modern. These demonstrations were continued in one form or another day after day, and were present ly merged in similar demonstrations to his twin in science and achievement, Prof. Helmholtz, whose seventieth birthday is separated from Virchow's by only about three weeks; so near as this did these two ex traordinary men come to being born to gether. Two such births have seldom sig nalized a single year in human history. A Tremendously Big Dinner. But perhaps the final and closing demon stration was peculiarly grateful to them. This was a commers given in their honor the other night by 1,000 students. It was held in a huge hall, very.'long and very lofty, which had five galleries, far above everybody's head, which were crowded with ladies 400 or 500, I judged. It was beau tifully decorated with clustered flags and various ornamental devices, and was bril liantly lighted. - On the 'spacious floor of this place were ranged in files "innumerable for they are survivals of the vanished cos tumes of the Middle Ages, and they repro duce for us the time when men were beauti ful to look at. The student who stood guard at our end of the table was of grave countenance and great frame and grace of form, and he was doubtless au accurate re production, clothes and all, of some ances tor of his of two or three centuries ago a reproduction as far as the outside, the ani mal man, goes, I mean. As I say, the place was now crowded. The nearest aisle was packed with students standing up, and they made a fence which shut off the rest of the house from view. As far down this fence as you could see all these-wholesome young faces were turned in one direction, all these intent and wor shipping eyes were centered upon one spot the place where Virchow and Helmholtz sat The Earnest Worship of Genius. The boys seemed lost to everything, un conscious of their own existence. They de voured those two intellectual giants with their eyes, they feasted upon them, and the worship that was in their hearts shone in their faces. It seemed to me that I would rather be flooded with a glory like that, instinct with sincerity, innocent of self seeking, than win a hundred battles and break a million hearts. There was a big mug of beer in front of each of us, and more to come when wanted. There was also a quarto pamphlet contain ing the words of the songs to be sung. After the names of the officers of the feast were these words in large type: "Wahrend des Kommerses herrscht allgemeiner Rurg friede."' I was not able to translate this to my satisfaction, but a professor helped me out This was his explanation:. The A Tonne Lady Meets the Historian. One of the professors said that once upon a time an American young lady was intro duced to Mommsen, and found herself badly scared and speechless. She dreaded to see his mouth unclose, for she was expecting him to choose a subject several miles be yond her comprehension, and did not sup pose he could get down to the world that other people lived in; but when his remark came her terror disappeared. "Well, how do vou do' Have yon read Hqwells latest book? I think it's his best." The active ceremonies of the evening closed with the speeches of welcome, deliv ered by two students, and the replies made by Profs. Virchow and Helmholtz. Virchow has long been a member of the city government in Berlin. He works as hard lor the city as does any other Berlin alderman, and gets the same pay nothing. I don't know that we in America could venture to ask our most illustrious, citizen to serve on a boardjof aldermen, and if we might venture it I am not positively sure that we could elect him. But here the municipal system is such that the best men in the city consider it an honor to serve gratis as aldermen, and the people have the good sense to prefer these men and to elect them year after year. As a result, Berlin is a thoroughly well-governed city. It is a free city; its afiairs are not meddled with by the State; they are managed bv its own rftf. zens and after methods of their own devis ing. Mark Twatx. Berlin, 1891. AH EEE0B AS TO BLOODHOUNDS. Mrs. Stowe's Story Responsible for a Popular Mistake as to Slave Hunting, Frank Leslie's Weekly. It is to "Uncle Tom's Cabin" that we owe our impressions of the man-hunting blood hound. I have been to see some of these realistic plays, but I have never yet seen a genuine bloodhound so employed. It would not da To begin with, the genuine blood hound was never used in the South to hunt fugitive slaves or criminals. In the second Elace. there were very few, if any, blood ounds in the South until within the past three or four years. In the third place, the genuine bloodhound is a quiet, docile, amia ble, and dignified animal, totally unfitted to inspire the feeling of horror and awe neces sary to the dramatie representation of the play. And in the fourth place, the dog ac tually used in the South for tracking men is and has always been nothing else than a small fox-hound trained to follow a man's trail. He would not do to put on the stage, for in him every man who has lived in the country would recognize an old and harm less friend with whom in boyhood he has chased rabbits. and foxes and other such game. It was needed, therefore, for the purposes of the drama to get a dog which should look dangerous and present a forbid ding front to the audience. To get such a dog was easy enough. The large dog some times called the Siberian bloodhound, the boar-hound, eta, etc., but only properly known as the Great Dane, answered the purpose well enough. BELIEF 70S CE0WDED OEEMAHT. A Suggestion That the Overflow Be Sent Down to Babylonia. Prof. F. H. Geffcken, in the April Forum, says it has been proposed to direct the cur rent of German emigration to the thinly populated parts of Hungary, Poland ana the Balkan peninsula, and in former times this might have been possible, but at pres ent with the nationalistic tendencies of these countries it is scarcely feasible. As to the Balkan States, German commerce is rapidly increasing, but neither Servia nor, Bulgaria would like extensive German set-' tlenients. It is different with Anatolia and Baby lonia, once the richest of countries, but laid waste by Turkish mis'governraent These sparsely peopled countries ot im mense extension would offer a most favora field for German emigration. They are not too hot for European laborers, and their an cient fertility might easily be re-established by reviving the system of irrigation of which Herodotus gives evidence and which made Pliny call the vaUey of the Tigris fertilisslmus ager totius'orientis. rwniTTElT FOR TOE DISPATCH. It is.held by physiological chemists who have dealt with the problem of nutrition on a scientific basis, that the protein or nitro genous material is perhaps the most im portant and the most costly element in the dietary of a working-man. In this country where meat is abundant the main source for the supply of protein 'is found in the con sumption of meat In Europe, especially in the southern and eastern parts, where meat is scare and dear, the chief source of protein is found in cheese. In Great Britain bread and cheese, with a mug of beer, largely constitute tho dietary ot the vast body ot the people. It will be observed that in dealing with food that can be bought in given quantities at the present time in our markets for 25 cents, one gets a certain proportion of pro tein. According to Prof.. Atwater's tables, if one pays 25 cents for a pound of sirloin of beef, the protein in that beef costs at the rate of 106 cents per ponnd. Whereas, if one pays 25 cents for skimmed milk cheese at the rate of 8 cents per pound for three pounds and an eighth, be secures one pound of protein at a cost of 13 cents. Each, man in active work requires substantially one quarter of a pound of protein a day, which can be supplied at 6 cents, disregarding small fractions, by three-quarteters ot a pound of cheese, ifhebuythe cheese at 8 cents a pound, which for skimmed milk cneese is a high price. Tbe Secret Is In the Cooking. It therefore follows that if one likes cheese ank knows how to cook skimmed milk cheese so as to make it digestible, this necessary food material protein can be se cured at a very low cost. I give here some extracts from Dr. Matticu Williams' "Chemistry of Cookery," and I myself have made some very delicious compounds by mixing cheese with other ingredients: "I regard cheese as the most important of all that I have to describe in connection with my subject the science of cookery. It contains more nutritions material than any other food that is ordinarily obtainable, and its cookery is singularly neglected, is prac tically an unknown art, especially in this country. We commonly eat it raw, al though in its raw state it is peculiarly in digestible; and in the only cooked form familiarly known among us here that of a Welsh rabbit or rarebit it is too often ren dered still more indigestible, though this need not be the case. 'Can we assimilate' or convert into our own substance tbe cheese food as easily as we may the flesh food. I replied that we certainly cannot if the cheese is eaten raw, but have no doubt that we may if it be suit ably cooked. A Swiss or Scandinavian mountaineer can and does assimilate raw cheese as a staple article of food, and proves its nutritive value by the result; but feebler bipeds of the plains and towns cannot do the like. Splendid for Mountain Climbing;. "In the fatherland of my grandfather, Louis Gabriel Mattieu, one of the common est dishes of the peasant who tills his own freehold and grows his own food, is a fondu. This is a mixture of cheese and eggs, the cheese grated and beaten into tbe egg as in makingomelettes, with a small addition of new milk or butter. It is placed in a little pan like a flower pot saucer, cooked gently, served as it comes off the fire, and eaten from the vessel in which it is cooked. I have made many a hearty dinner on one of these, plus a lump of black bread and a small bottle of genuine, but thin, wine; the cost of the whole banquet at a little auberge being usually less than sixpence, xbe cheese is in a pasty condition and partly dissolved in the milk and butter. I have tested the sustaining power of such a meal by doing some very stiff mountain climbing and long fasting after it- It is rather too good, over nutritious, for a man doing only sedentary work. 'A dilute and delicate modification of this mar be made by taking slices of bread, or bread and. butter, soaking them in a bat ter made of eggs and milk without flour then placing the slices of soaked bread in a pie dish, covering each with a thick coating of grated cheese, and thus building up a stratified deposit to fill the dish. The sur plus batter may be poured over the top; or, if time is allowed for saturation, the trouble of preliminary soaking may be saved by simply pouring all the batter thus. This, when gently baked, supplies a delicious and highly nutritious dish. Bl-Carbonate or Potash With It. "Take a quarter of a pound of grated cheese: add to it a trill of milk in which is' dissolved as much powdered bi-carbonate of potash as will stand upon a 3-penny piece, and a little mustard and pepper. Heat this carefully until the cheese is completely dis solved. Then beat up three eggs, yolks and whites together, and add to them this solu tion of cheese, stirring the whole. How take a shallow metal or eathenware dish, or tray that will bear heating; put a little butter on this and heat the butter until it frizzles; then pour the mixture into the tray, and bake or fry it until it is nearly solidified. A cheaper dish may be made by increasing the proportion of cheese say, six to eight ounces to three eggs, or only one egg to a quarter of a pound of cheese tor a hard working man with a powerful digestion. "The bicarbonate of DOtash is an original novelty that will possiblv alarm some of my non-chemical readers. I advocate its use for two reasons: First, it effects a better solution of the caseine by neutralizing the free lactic acid that inevitably exists in milk supplied in towns, and any free acid that may remain in the cheese. My second reason is physiological and of greater weight Salts of potash are necessary con stituents of human food. They exist in all kinds of wholesome vegetables and fruits and in the juices of fresh meat, but they are wantinsin cheese, having, on account of .their great solubility, been left behind in the whey. There is an enormous waste of skimmed milk in this country for lack of knowledge of how to deal with it 'and how to cook it Skimmed milk cheese is hardly marketable, and it ought not to be, because in its raw state it is very unwholesome. I believe the skimmed milk is mostly fed to hogs at the butter factories or by the farmery There is a great fortune waiting for the man who will invent the right method of making a compound of skimmed milk cheese with the exact proportion of bi-carbonate of potash required tor its solution, if that is a possible thing, and then introducing it as cooking cheese with the necessary instructions tor dealing with it Edward Atkinson. SBSKSrISfiH.WR 'WT 5- -wfvi- cw y "wppr -i1- -SWRSBPBI -'. -" 19 -- tzhue :r,:ellXj WRITTEN FOB THE DISPATCH BY HENRY JAMES. tszhsto-. When the porter's wife (she used to an- swer the bell) announced, "A gentleman with a lady, sir," I had, as I often had in those days, for the wish was father to the thought, an immediate vision of sitters. Sitters my visitors in this case proved to be; but not in the sense I should have preferred. However, there was nothing at first to in dicate that they might not have come for a portrait. The gentleman, a man of 50, very high and very straight, with a mustache slightly grizzled and a dark gray walking coat admirably fitted, both of which I noted professionally I don't mean either as a barber or a tailor would have struck me as a celebrity if celebrities often were strik ing. It was a truth of which I had for some time been conscious that a figure with a good deal of frontage was, as one might say, almost never a public institution. A glance at the lady helped- to remind me of this paradoxical law; she also looked too dis tinguished to be a "personality." Moreover, one would scarcely come across two varia tions together. Neither of the pair spoke immediately they only prolonged the preliminary gaze which suggested that each wished to give the other a chance. They were visibly shy; they stood there letting me take them in which, as I afterward perceived, was the most practical thing they could have done. In this way their embarrassment served their cause. ! had seen people painfully Henry James. reluctant to mention that they desired any thing so gross as to be represented on can vas; but the scruples of my new friends ap peared almost insurmountable. Yet the gentleman might have said, "I should like a portrait of my wife," and the lady might have said, "I should like a portrait ot my husband." Perhaps they were not husband and wife. This naturally would make the matter more delicate. Perhaps they wished to be done together, in which case they ought to have brought a third person to break the ne. vs. "We come from Mr. Kivet," the lady said at last, with a dim smile, which had the effect of a moist sponge passed over a "sunk" piece-of painting, as well as of a vague allusion to vanished beauty. She wys as tall and straight, in her degree, as her companion, and with ten years less to carry. She looked as sad as a woman could look whose face was not charged with ex pression; thit is, her tinted oval mask showed friction, as an exposed surface shows it The hand of time had played over her freely, but only to simplify. She was ulim and stiff, and so well dressed in dark blue cloth, with lappets and pockets couldn't bring out the dingy word "models;" it seemed to fit the case so little. "We haven't had much practice," said the lady. "We've got to do something, and we've) thought that an artist in your line might perhaps make something of us," her hus band threw off. He further mentioned that they didn't know many artists, and that they had gone first, on the off chance (ho painted views, of course, but sometimes put in figures perhaps I remembered), to Mr. Elvet, whom thev had met a few years before at a place in Norfolk where he was sketching. "We used to sketch a little ourselves," the lady recalled. 'It's very awkward, but we. absolutely must do something," her husband went on. "Of course, we're not so very young," she admitted, with a wan smile. With the remark that I might as well know something more about them, the hus band had handed me a card, extracted from a neat new pocketbook (their appurtenances were all of the freshest), and inscribed with, the words, "Major Monarch." Impressive as these words were they didn't carry my Knowledge much further, but my visitor presently added: "I've left the army, and we've had the misfortune to lose our nioney. In fact, our means are extremely small." 'It's an awful bore," said Mrs. Monarch. They evidently wished to be discreet to take care not to swagger because they were gentlefolks. I preceived they would have been willing to recognize this as something of a drawback, at the same time that I guessed at an underlying sense their conso lation in adversity that they had their points. They certainly had; but these ad vantages struck me preponderantly social; such, for instance, as would help to make a drawing room look well. However, a draw ing room was always, or ought to be, a picture. In consequence of his wife's allusion to 'their age Major Monarch remarked: "Nat urally, it's more for the figure that wo thought of going in. We can still hold ourselves up." On the instant I saw the figure was indeed their strong point His "naturally" didn't sound vain, but it lighted up the question. "She has got tho best," he continued, nodding at his wife, with a pleasant after dinner absence of cir cumlocution. I could only reply, as if ito were in fact sitting over our wiue, that this aiun t prevent his own lrom being very good, which led him, in turn, to rejoin: "We thought that if you ever have to do people like us, we might be something like it She, particularly for a lady in a book, yon know." I was so amused by them that, to get more of it, I did my best to take their point of view; and though it was-an embarrassment to find myself appraising physically, as if thev were animals on hire or useful blacks, a pair of whom I should have expected to neet only in one of the relations in which criticism is tacit, I looked at Mrs. Monarch judiciously enough to be able to exclaim, after a moment, with conviction: "Oh, yes, a lady in a book!" She was singularly like a bad illustration. "We'll stand np if you like," said tho Majo,r and he raised himself before me with a really grand air. I could take his measure at a glance he was 6 feet 2 and a perfect gentleman. It would have paid any club, in process of formation and in want of a stamp, to engage him, at a salary, to stand in the principal window. Whatstruck me immediately was that incoming to me they had rather missed their vocation; they could surely have been turned to better "account for advertising purposes. I couldn't, of course, see the thing in detail; but I could see them make some one's fortune I don't mean.their own. There was something in them for a waist coat maker, a hotel keeper, or a soap ven der. I could imagine "We always use it" pinned on their bosoms with the greatest ef fect; I had a vision of the promptitude with, which they would launch a table d'hote. Mrs. Monarch sat still, not from pride, but from shyness, and presently her hus- 3 T..n- l.nt ?t man fil... qTia pmnlnTil the same tailor as her husband. The couple band said to her: "Get up, my dear, and ir t1. .? A I.! f I ehAnr It . a fr rn n n " Cha nhairnil rtltfr A Monkey Learning a New Tongue. Having but little interest in a white-face monkey, who is very shy ot me, I rarely showed him the slightest attention until within the past few weeks, when I observed him trying to utter the capuchin sound for food., which always secured for Puck, a capuchin monkey, a banana or some nuts, says B, I Garner in the Forum. Seeing that Puck was always rewarded lor uttering this sound, tbe little white-face began to try it, and as soon as I discovered his purpose I began to' reward him in the same way, and have thus seen one step taken by a monkey in the mastery of another tongue. A Shining Mark fnr Rascals To aim the arrow of spur louj Imitation at la Hostettcr's Stomach Bitters. Sometimes trie shaft strikes, but rebounding destroys like tbo fatal shot in D.er Freischntz, the evil marksman. Beware of all local bitters with or without labels which are colorable Imitations of that of Hostetter'a stomach Bitters, or which, are represented to equal tbe great curative and preventive of malaria, dyspepsia, constipation, liver and kidney trouble and nervousness. Insist upon hay ing the genuine. had an indefinable air of prosperous thrift they evidently got a gpod deal of luxury for th'eir money. If I was to be one of their luxuries it would behoove me to con sider my terms. "Ah, Claude Kivet recommended me ?" I inquired; and I added that it was very kind of him, though I could reflect that, as he only painted landscape, this was not a sacrifice. The lady looked very hard at the gentle man, and the gentleman looked round the room. Then staring at the floor a moment and stroking his mustache, he rested his pleasant eyes on me with the remark: "He saia you were luc jgui uuc. "I try to be, when people want to sit" "Yes, we should like to," said the lady, anxiously. "Do you mean together?" My visitors exchanged a glance. "If you could do anything with me, I suppose it would be double," the gentleman stam mered. "Oh, yes, you naturally make a higher charge lor two figures than ior one. "We should like to make it pay," the husband confessed. "That's very good of you," I returned, appreciating so unwonted a sympathy for I supposed he meant to pay the artist. A sense of strangeness seemed to dawn on the lady. "We mean for the illustrations Mr. Kivet said you might put one in." "Put one in an illustration ?' I was equally confused. "Sketch her off, you know," said the gen tleman, coloring. It was only then that I understood the service Claude Krvet had rendered me; be had told them that I worked in black and white for magazines, for story books, for sketches of cotemporary life, and conse quently had frequent employment for models. These things were true, but it was not less true that (I mav confess it now whether because the aspiration was to lead to everything or to nothing I leave the reader to gness) I couldn't get the honors, to say nothing of the emoluments, of agreat painter ot portraits out ot my head. My "illustrations" were my pot boilers; I looked to a different branch of art (fur and away the most interesting it had always seemed to me) to perpetuate my tame. There was no shame in looking to it also to make my fortune; but that fortune was by so much further from being made, from the moment my visitors wished to be "done" for noth ing. I was disappointed; for, in the picto rial sense, I had immediately seen them. I had seized their type I had already set tled what I would do with it Something that wouldn't absolutely have pleased them. But that's nothing; a portrait is al most always bad in direct proportion as it gratifies the original or his friends. He himself can please his friends; tbe triumph of the painter is to please his enemies; Jhey can't get over that At any rate, the de light ot tne sitter is in general a bad note. "Ah, you're you're a?" I began, as oon as I had mastered my surprise I show how smart you are." She obeyed, but she had no need to get up to show it bno walked to the end of the studio, and then she came back blushing, with her fluttered eyes on her husband. I was reminded of an incident I had accidentally had a glimpse of in Paris being with a friend there, a dramatist about to produce a play when an actress came to him to ask to be intrusted with apart She went through her paces before him, walked up and down as Mrs. Monarch was doing. Mrs. Monarch did quite as well, but I abstained from applaud ing. It was very odd to see such people ap ply for such poor pay. She looked as if she had $ 10,000 a year. Her husband had used the word that described her; she was, in the London current jargon, essentially and typically "smart" Her figure was, in tha same order of ideas, conspicuously and ir reproachably "good." For a woman of her age her waist was surprisingly small; her elbow, moreover, had tbe orthodox crook; She held her head at the conventional angle; but why did she come to me? She ought to have tried on jackets at a big shop. I feared my visitors were not only destitute, but "artistic" which would be a great compli cation. When she sat down again I thanked her, observing that what a draughtsman most valued in his model was the faculty for "keeping quiet "Oh, she can keep quiet," said Major Monarch. Then he added jocosely: "I've always kept her quiet" "I'm not a nasty fidget, am I?" Mrs. Monarch appealed to her husband. He addressed his answer to me. "Per haps it isn't out of place to mention be cause we ought to be quite business-like, oughtn't we that when I married her she was known as the Beautiful Statue." "Oh dearl" said Mrs. Monarch ruefully. "Of course I should want a certain amount "of expression," I rejoined. "Of coursel" they both exclaimed. "And then I suppose yon know thai you'll get awfully tired." "Oh, we. never get tiredl" they eagerly cried. "Have you had any kind of practice?" They hesitated they looked at each other. "We've been photographed im mensely, "said,Mrs. Monarch. i "She meaus the fellows have asked us,' added the Major. "I see because you're so good looking." "I don't know what they thought, but thev were always after us." ,fWe always got our photographs fornoth Ing," smiled'Mrs. Monarch. "We might have brought some, my dear, her husband remarked. "I'm not sure we have any left We've given quantities away," she explained to me. "With our autographs and that sort of thing," said the Major. "Are they to be got in the shops?" P in quired, as a harmless pleasantry. ' "Oh, yes; hers they used to be. "Not now,"- said Mrs. Monarch, with her eyes on the floor., , - t .3 . i 1 v .
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